Malaria Information and Prophylaxis, by Country [V]
| Country | Areas with Malaria | Drug Resistance2 | Malaria Species3 | Recommended Chemoprophylaxis4 | Key Information Needed and Helpful Links to Assess Need for Prophylaxis for Select Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vanuatu | All | Chloroquine | P. vivax 75%–90%; P. falciparum 10-25%; P. ovale <1% | Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, or tafenoquine5 | |
| Venezuela | All areas at altitudes < 1,700 m (5,577 ft). Present in Angel Falls. | Chloroquine | P. vivax 75%, P. falciparum 25% |
Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, or tafenoquine5 | 1) City(ies) of travel 2) State(s) of travel Map of states of Venezuela to look up if a city is within a certain stateexternal icon |
| Vietnam | Rural areas only. Rare cases in the Mekong and Red River Deltas. None in the cities of Da Nang, Hai Phong, Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City (Saigon), Nha Trang, and Qui Nhon. | Chloroquine and Mefloquine |
P. falciparum 65%; P. vivax 35%;P. knowlesi,7 P. malariae, and P. ovale rare |
Provinces of Dac Lac, Gia Lai, Khanh Hoa, Kon Tum, Lam Dong, Ninh Thuan, Binh Phuoc, Binh Duong, Dak Nong, Tay Ninh: Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, or tafenoquine5. Other areas with malaria except Mekong and Red River Deltas: Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, or tafenoquine5. Mekong and Red River Deltas: None (mosquito avoidance only).6 |
1) City(ies) of travel 2) Province(s) of travel 3) Region(s) of travel Map of provinces of Vietnam to look up if a city is within a certain provinceexternal icon Map of provinces within the Red River Deltaexternal icon Map of the Mekong Delta Areaexternal icon |
| Virgin Islands, British | None | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | |
| Virgin Islands, U.S. | None | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | Not Applicable |
1. Factors that affect local malaria transmission patterns can change rapidly and from year to year, such as local weather conditions, mosquito vector density, and prevalence of infection. Information in these tables is updated regularly.
2. Refers to P. falciparum malaria unless otherwise noted.
3. Estimates of malaria species are based on best available data from multiple sources. Where proportions are not available, the primary species and less common species are identified.
4. Several medications are available for chemoprophylaxis. When deciding which drug to use, consider specific itinerary, length of trip, cost of drug, previous adverse reactions to antimalarials, drug allergies, and current medical history. All travelers should seek medical attention in the event of fever during or after return from travel to areas with malaria.
5. Primaquine and tafenoquine can cause hemolytic anemia in persons with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. Before prescribing primaquine or tafenoquine, patients must be screened for G6PD deficiency using a quantitative test.
6. Mosquito avoidance includes applying topical mosquito repellant, sleeping under an insecticide treated bed net, and wearing protective clothing (e.g., long pants and socks, long sleeve shirt). For additional details on mosquito avoidance, see: https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/travelers/index.html
7. P. knowlesi is a malaria species with a simian host (macaque). Human cases have been reported from most countries in Southeast Asia and are associated with activities in forest or forest-fringe areas. This species of malaria has no known resistance to antimalarials.