Malaria Information and Prophylaxis, by Country [B]
| Country | Areas with Malaria | Drug Resistance2 | Malaria Species3 | Recommended Chemoprophylaxis4 | Key Information Needed and Helpful Links to Assess Need for Prophylaxis for Select Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bahamas, The | None | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | |
| Bahrain | None | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | |
| Bangladesh |
Chittagong Hill Tract districts (Bandarban, Rangamati, and Khagrachari); and the districts of Chattogram (Chittagong), Cox’s Bazar, Habiganj, Kurigram, Moulvibazar, Mymensingh, Netrakona, Sherpur, Sunamganj, and Sylhet. None in the city of Dhaka. |
Chloroquine | P.falciparum 90%; P. vivax 10%; P. malariae rare |
Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, or tafenoquine5 | 1) City(ies) of travel 2) District(s) of travel |
| Barbados | None | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | |
| Belarus | None | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | |
| Belgium | None | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | |
| Belize | Rare locally transmitted cases. None in Belize City and islands frequented by tourists such as Ambergris Caye. | None | Primarily P.vivax | None (mosquito avoidance only).6 | 1) City(ies) of travel 2) District(s) of travel Map of districts in Belizeimage iconexternal icon |
| Benin | All | Chloroquine |
Primarily P. falciparum. Less commonly, P. malariae, P. ovale, or P. vivax |
Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, or tafenoquine5 | |
| Bermuda (U.K.) | None | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | |
| Bhutan | Rare cases in rural areas <1,700 m (5,577 ft) in districts along the southern border shared with India. | Chloroquine | Primarily P. vivax. Less commonly, P. falciparum | None (mosquito avoidance only).6
|
1) City(ies) of travel 2) District of travel 3) Altitude of city(ies) of travel Altitude information and to determine if a city is within a certain district external icon General map of Bhutanexternal icon |
| Bolivia | All areas below 2,500 m (8,202 ft). None in the city of La Paz | Chloroquine | P. vivax 99%,
P. falciparum 1% |
Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, primaquine,5 or tafenoquine5 | 1) City(ies) of travel 2) Altitude of city(ies) of travel Altitude information and to determine if a city is within a certain department external icon Map of departments of Boliviaexternal icon |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | None | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | |
| Botswana | Districts/subdistricts of Bobirwa, Boteti, Chobe (including Chobe National Park), Ghanzi, Mahalapaye, Ngamiland (Ngami), Northeast (including Francistown), Okavango, Serowe Palapye and Tutume. Rare cases or sporadic foci of transmission in districts/subdistricts of Kgalagadi North, Kgatleng, Kweneng, and Southern. None in the city of Gaborone. | Chloroquine | Primarily P. falciparum. Less commonly, P. malariae, P. ovale, or P. vivax | Districts/subdistricts of Bobirwa, Boteti, Chobe (including Chobe National Park), Ghanzi, Mahalapaye, Ngamiland (Ngami), Northeast (including Francistown), Okavango, Serowe Palapye and Tutume: Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, or tafenoquine5. Areas with rare cases or sporadic foci of transmission: None (mosquito avoidance only).6 | 1) City(ies) of travel 2) District(s) of travel Map of districts in Botswanaexternal icon |
| Brazil | All areas in the states of Acre, Amapá, Amazonas, Rondonia, and Roraima. Also present in the states of Maranhão, Mato Grosso, and Para, but rare cases in their capital cities.
Transmission in the rural and forested areas of the states of Espirito Santo, Goias, Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso do Sul, Piaui, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, and Tocantins. |
Chloroquine | P. vivax 90%; P. falciparum 10% |
Areas with transmission: Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, or tafenoquine5. Areas with rare cases: None (mosquito avoidance only). 6 | 1) City(ies) of travel 2) State(s) of travel Map of states in Brazil to determine if a city is within a certain provinceexternal icon |
| British Indian Ocean Territory; Includes Diego Garcia (U.K.) | None | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | |
| Brunei | No human malaria. Rare transmission of P. knowlesi 7 in primarily forested or forest-fringe areas. | None | P. knowlesi 7 100% | None (mosquito avoidance only). 6
|
|
| Bulgaria | None | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | |
| Burkina Faso | All | Chloroquine | Primarily P. falciparum. Less commonly, P. malariae, P. ovale, or P. vivax | Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, or tafenoquine5 | |
| Burma (Myanmar) | All areas at altitudes < 1,000 m (3,281 ft), including Bagan. Rare transmission in areas above 1,000m (3,281 ft). | Chloroquine Mefloquine |
P. vivax 60%; P. falciparum 40% ; P. knowlesi 7;P. malariae, and P. ovale, rare |
Areas <1,000 m (~3,300 ft ) elevation in the regions of Bago and Tanintharyi, and in the states of Kachin, Kayah, Kayin, and Shan: Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, or tafenoquine5. All other areas <1000 m (3,281 ft): Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, or tafenoquine5. Above 1,000m (3,281 ft): None (mosquito avoidance only).6 |
1) City(ies) of travel 2) Regions/states 3) Altitude of city(ies) of travel Altitude information and to determine if a city is within a certain provinceexternal icon |
| Burundi | All | Chloroquine | Primarily P. falciparum. Less commonly, P. malariae, P. ovale, or P. vivax | Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, or tafenoquine5 |
1. Factors that affect local malaria transmission patterns can change rapidly and from year to year, such as local weather conditions, mosquito vector density, and prevalence of infection. Information in these tables is updated regularly.
2. Refers to P. falciparum malaria unless otherwise noted.
3. Estimates of malaria species are based on best available data from multiple sources. Where proportions are not available, the primary species and less common species are identified.
4. Several medications are available for chemoprophylaxis. When deciding which drug to use, consider specific itinerary, length of trip, cost of drug, previous adverse reactions to antimalarials, drug allergies, and current medical history. All travelers should seek medical attention in the event of fever during or after return from travel to areas with malaria.
5. Primaquine and tafenoquine can cause hemolytic anemia in persons with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. Before prescribing primaquine or tafenoquine, patients must be screened for G6PD deficiency using a quantitative test.
6. Mosquito avoidance includes applying topical mosquito repellant, sleeping under an insecticide treated bed net, and wearing protective clothing (e.g., long pants and socks, long sleeve shirt). For additional details on mosquito avoidance, see: https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/travelers/index.html
7. P. knowlesi is a malaria species with a simian host (macaque). Human cases have been reported from most countries in Southeast Asia and are associated with activities in forest or forest-fringe areas. This species of malaria has no known resistance to antimalarials.