Association of the Neighborhood Built Environment With Incident and Prevalent Depression in the Rural South
ORIGINAL RESEARCH — Volume 18 — July 8, 2021
PEER REVIEWED
Figure. Association between built environment scores in buffers around residence and incident and prevalent depression among participants (N = 2,000) in the Bogalusa Heart Study, 1998–2013. High poverty is defined as ≥28.3% of residents (of a census tract) living below the federal poverty level; low poverty is defined as <28.3% of residents (of a census tract) living below the federal poverty level. High density is defined as ≥586 residents (of a census tract) per square mile of area; low density is defined as <586 residents (of a census tract) per square mile of area. Graph A shows prevalence rate ratio (PRR) for a 1-point increase in pedestrian safety score. Graph B shows the risk ratio (RR) for a 1-point increase in destination score, and graph C shows the PRR for a 1-point increase in aesthetics score.
| A. Buffer Radius, mi | High Poverty, PRR (95% CI) | Low Poverty, PRR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|
| 0.00 | 1.04 (1.00 to 1.08) | 1.01 (0.95 to 1.07) |
| 0.25 | 1.09 (1.01 to 1.17) | 0.99 (0.93 to 1.06) |
| 0.50 | 1.12 (1.04 to 1.21) | 0.98 (0.92 to 1.05) |
| 1.00 | 1.14 (1.05 to 1.25) | 0.97 (0.90 to 1.05) |
| 1.50 | 1.14 (1.04 to 1.25) | 0.96 (0.89 to 1.04) |
| B. Buffer Radius, mi | High Poverty, RR (95% CI) | Low Poverty, RR (95% CI) |
| 0.00 | 1.04 (0.97 to 1.11) | 0.99 (0.93 to 1.06) |
| 0.25 | 1.16 (1.05 to 1.29) | 1.01 (0.93 to 1.09) |
| 0.50 | 1.25 (1.11 to 1.41) | 1.01 (0.94 to 1.10) |
| 1.00 | 1.37 (1.17 to 1.60) | 1.03 (0.95 to 1.11) |
| 1.50 | 1.41 (1.11 to 1.78) | 1.04 (0.96 to 1.12) |
| C. Buffer Radius, mi | High Density, PRR (95% CI) | Low Density, PRR (95% CI) |
| 0.00 | 0.94 (0.89 to 1.00) | 0.97 (0.92 to 1.02) |
| 0.25 | 0.92 (0.85 to 0.99) | 1.00 (0.94 to 1.06) |
| 0.50 | 0.90 (0.81 to 0.99) | 1.00 (0.93 to 1.07) |
| 1.00 | 0.89 (0.79 to 1.00) | 0.99 (0.91 to 1.07) |
| 1.50 | 0.88 (0.77 to 1.00) | 0.97 (0.89 to 1.06) |
The opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors’ affiliated institutions.