Changes in Suicide Rates in the United States From 2023 to 2024

NCHS Data Brief No. 572, September 2026

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Matthew F. Garnett, M.P.H., and Anne M. Zehner, M.P.H.

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Key findings
Introduction
Trends
Rates for females by age group
Rates for males by age group

Means of suicide
State
Summary
Data source and methods
About the authors
References
Suggested citation

Key findings

Data from the National Vital Statistics System

The overall age-adjusted suicide rate increased from 13.0 deaths per 100,000 standard population in 2014 to 14.0 deaths in 2017 with no significant change between 2017 and 2024 (13.7).
Between 2023 and 2024, suicide rates decreased for women age 25 and older in each age group.
Between 2023 and 2024, suicide rates decreased for males ages 15–24 and 25–44.
Between 2023 and 2024, rates decreased for suffocation-related suicide among males and poisoning-related suicide among females.
In 2024, suicide rates varied across states, from 5.7 in the District of Columbia to 29.7 in Alaska.

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Introduction

In 2024, suicide was the 10th leading cause of death in the United States and the second leading cause of death for people ages 10–44 (1). In recent years, suicide mortality rates have leveled off (2). This report provides final 2024 mortality rates for suicide and shows changes in rates by age group, sex, and means of suicide between 2023 and 2024, as well as rates by state of residency for 2024.

Trends

The total age-adjusted suicide rate increased from 13.0 deaths per 100,000 standard population in 2014 to 14.0 in 2017 and then remained stable between 2017 and 2024 (Figure 1, Table 1). However, the rate in 2024 (13.7) was lower than the rate in 2023 (14.1).
The suicide rate for males increased from 2014 (20.7) to 2018 (22.8) and then did not change significantly between 2018 and 2024, although the rate in 2024 (22.3) was lower than the rate in 2023 (22.7).
The suicide rate for females did not change significantly from 2014 to 2024. The rate in 2024 (5.6) was lower than the rate in 2023 (5.9).
The suicide rate for males was about 3 to 4 times higher than the rate for females across the 2014 to 2024 period.

Figure 1 is a line graph showing age-adjusted suicide rates, by sex in the United States from 2014 to 2024.

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Data table for Figure 1. Age-adjusted suicide rate, by sex: United States, 2014–2024
Year	Total*		Male†		Female§
Year	Number	Deaths per 100,000 standard population	Number	Deaths per 100,000 standard population	Number	Deaths per 100,000 standard population
2014	42,826	13.0	33,162	20.7	9,664	5.8
2015	44,193	13.3	33,994	21.1	10,199	6.0
2016	44,965	13.5	34,727	21.4	10,238	6.0
2017	47,173	14.0	36,782	22.4	10,391	6.1
2018	48,344	14.2	37,761	22.8	10,583	6.2
2019	47,511	13.9	37,256	22.4	10,255	6.0
2020	45,979	13.5	36,551	22.0	9,428	5.5
2021	48,183	14.1	38,358	22.8	9,825	5.7
2022	49,476	14.2	39,273	23.0	10,203	5.9
2023	49,316	14.1	39,046	22.7	10,270	5.9
2024	48,824	13.7	38,977	22.3	9,847	5.6

* Significant increasing trend from 2014 to 2017, and no significant trend from 2017 to 2024 (p < 0.05). Significant decrease between 2023 and 2024 (p < 0.05).
† Significant increasing trend from 2014 to 2018, and no significant trend from 2018 to 2024 (p < 0.05). Significant decrease between 2023 and 2024 (p < 0.05).
§ No significant trend from 2014 to 2024 (p < 0.05). Significant decrease between 2023 and 2024 (p < 0.05).
NOTE: Age-adjusted death rates are calculated using the direct method and the 2000 U.S. standard population.
SOURCE: National Center for Health Statistics, National Vital Statistics System, mortality data file.

Rates for females by age group

Between 2023 and 2024, suicide rates decreased for women age 25 and older in each age group (Figure 2, Table 2).
Between 2023 and 2024, the suicide rate decreased 7.8% for women ages 25–44 (from 7.7 to 7.1 per 100,000), 5.8% for women ages 45–64 (8.6 to 8.1), 11.3% for women ages 65–74 (6.2 to 5.5), and 9.8% for women age 75 and older (5.1 to 4.6).
In 2023 and 2024, the lowest suicide rate for females was among those ages 10–14 (2.1 and 2.3, respectively), and the highest rate was among those ages 45–64 (8.6 and 8.1, respectively).

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‌Data table for Figure 2. Change in suicide rate for females, by age group: United States, 2023 to 2024
Age group	2023		2024
Age group	Number	Deaths per 100,000	Number	Deaths per 100,000
10−14*	213	2.1	232	2.3
15−24	1,176	5.5	1,289	5.9
25−44†	3,443	7.7	3,249	7.1
45−64†§	3,581	8.6	3,375	8.1
65−74†	1,132	6.2	1,024	5.5
75 and older†	723	5.1	675	4.6

* Lowest rate for 2023 and 2024 compared with other age groups shown (p < 0.05).
† Significant rate decrease between 2023 and 2024 (p < 0.05).
§ Highest rate for 2023 and 2024 compared with other age groups shown (p < 0.05).
SOURCE: National Center for Health Statistics, National Vital Statistics System, mortality data file.

Rates for males by age group

Between 2023 and 2024, the suicide rate decreased 4.7% for males ages 15–24 (from 21.2 deaths per 100,000 to 20.2) and 4.4% for males ages 25–44 (29.8 to 28.5) (Figure 3, Table 3).
In 2023 and 2024, the lowest suicide rates for males were among those ages 10–14 (2.5 and 2.4, respectively), and the highest rates were among those age 75 and older (40.7 and 40.1, respectively).

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‌Data table for Figure 3. Change in suicide rate for males, by age group: United States, 2023 to 2024
Age group	2023		2024
Age group	Number	Deaths per 100,000	Number	Deaths per 100,000
10−14*	268	2.5	255	2.4
15−24†	4,760	21.2	4,626	20.2
25−44†	13,543	29.8	13,258	28.5
45−64	11,888	29.2	12,051	29.6
65−74	4,330	26.5	4,378	26.2
75 and older§	4,252	40.7	4,405	40.1

Means of suicide

Between 2023 and 2024, the age-adjusted rate among males for suffocation-related suicide decreased from 5.7 deaths per 100,000 standard population to 5.3 (Figure 4, Table 4).
For females between 2023 and 2024, the rate of poisoning-related suicide decreased from 1.7 to 1.5.
Firearm-related suicide was the leading means of suicide for both males and females in 2023 and 2024, and the rates did not change significantly between years for either group.

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Data table for Figure 4. Change in age-adjusted suicide rate, by sex and means of suicide: United States, 2023 to 2024
Means	Male				Female
	2023		2024		2023		2024
	Number	Deaths per 100,000 standard population	Number	Deaths per 100,000 standard population	Number	Deaths per 100,000 standard population	Number	Deaths per 100,000 standard population
Firearm*	23,707	13.6	24,042	13.5	3,593	2.0	3,551	2.0
Poisoning	2,904	1.7†	2,862	1.6†	3,040	1.7§	2,789	1.5§
Suffocation	9,364	5.7§	8,920	5.3§	2,659	1.6	2,533	1.5

* Rate is significantly higher than poisoning and suffocation in 2023 and 2024 for specified sex (p < 0.05).
† Rate is significantly lower than firearm and suffocation in 2023 and 2024 for males (p < 0.05).
§ Significant rate decrease between 2023 and 2024 (p < 0.05).
NOTE: Age-adjusted death rates are calculated using the direct method and the 2000 U.S. standard population.
SOURCE: National Center for Health Statistics, National Vital Statistics System, mortality data file.

State

In 2024, the total age-adjusted rate of suicide was 13.7 deaths per 100,000 standard population, with rates ranging from 5.7 in the District of Columbia to 29.7 in Alaska (Figure 5, Table 5).
The five areas with the highest rates were Alaska (29.7), Wyoming (27.8), Montana (26.8), New Mexico (24.6), and South Dakota (21.9).
The five states with the lowest rates were the District of Columbia (5.7), New Jersey (6.7), New York (8.1), Massachusetts (8.3), and Rhode Island (8.9).

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‌Data table for Figure 5. Age-adjusted suicide rate, by state: United States, 2024
Area	2024
Area	Number of deaths	Rate per 100,000 standard population
United States	48,824	13.7
Alabama	837	15.9
Alaska	222	29.7
Arizona	1,516	18.9
Arkansas	592	19.0
California	4,022	9.6
Colorado	1,313	20.8
Connecticut	394	10.0
Delaware	125	11.8
District of Columbia	44	5.7
Florida	3,633	13.9
Georgia	1,648	14.3
Hawaii	200	13.7
Idaho	437	21.2
Illinois	1,426	10.8
Indiana	1,175	16.8
Iowa	548	17.1
Kansas	527	17.9
Kentucky	844	17.9
Louisiana	654	14.1
Maine	285	19.2
Maryland	630	9.7
Massachusetts	648	8.3
Michigan	1,448	13.7
Minnesota	818	13.7
Mississippi	450	15.1
Missouri	1,152	17.8
Montana	320	26.8
Nebraska	297	14.9
Nevada	676	19.6
New Hampshire	248	16.4
New Jersey	682	6.7
New Mexico	532	24.6
New York	1,701	8.1
North Carolina	1,620	14.1
North Dakota	145	19.2
Ohio	1,856	15.2
Oklahoma	868	20.9
Oregon	941	20.0
Pennsylvania	1,845	13.3
Rhode Island	105	8.9
South Carolina	904	16.0
South Dakota	198	21.9
Tennessee	1,229	16.4
Texas	4,490	14.2
Utah	665	19.5
Vermont	105	14.7
Virginia	1,196	12.9
Washington	1,221	14.5
West Virginia	303	16.4
Wisconsin	920	14.8
Wyoming	169	27.8

NOTE: Age-adjusted death rates were calculated using the direct method and the 2000 U.S. standard population. SOURCE: National Center for Health Statistics, National Vital Statistics System, mortality data file.

Summary

This report presents suicide rates from 2014 to 2024, with a focus on recent changes between 2023 and 2024, by age, sex, means of suicide, and state of residency at death. The total age-adjusted suicide rate increased from 2014 to 2017, with no significant change from 2017 through 2024, although the rate in 2024 was lower compared with 2023.

For both females and males, the overall age-adjusted rate declined from 2023 to 2024. By age group, rates decreased for women age 25 and older, while for males the rate declined for ages 15–24 and 25–44. Among both males and females, the rates for 2023 and 2024 were lowest among people ages 10–14. In both years, the rate for males was highest among men age 75 and older, and the rate for females was highest among women ages 45–64. For males, rates declined for suffocation-related suicide, and for females, rates declined for poisoning-related suicide.

In 2024, the total age-adjusted suicide rate was 13.7 deaths per 100,000 standard population, and rates varied across states. The states with the lowest rates were the District of Columbia, New Jersey, New York, Massachusetts, and Rhode Island, and the states with the highest rates were Alaska, Wyoming, Montana, New Mexico, and South Dakota.

Data source and methods

Data were analyzed using National Vital Statistics System cause-of-death mortality files for 2014 through 2024 on CDC WONDER (1,3). Suicide deaths were identified using International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD–10) underlying cause-of-death codes U03, X60–X84, and Y87.0 (4). Means of suicide were identified using ICD–10 codes X72–X74 for firearm-related suicide, X60–X69 for poisoning-related suicide, and X70 for suffocation-related suicide. Firearm, poisoning, and suffocation accounted for 92% of male suicide deaths in 2023 and 2024, and 90% of female suicide deaths in 2023 and 2024. Other means of suicide are not shown but are included in totals in this report.

Age-adjusted death rates were calculated using the direct method and the 2000 U.S. standard population (5). Although suicide deaths for children ages 5–9 years are included in total numbers and age-adjusted rates, they are not shown as part of age-specific numbers or rates because of the small number of suicide deaths each year in this age group.

Reported significant patterns in trend analyses may differ from previous reports that use a different time period, particularly those using different start and end years. Trends were evaluated using the Joinpoint Regression Program (version 5.4.0.0) (6). Joinpoint software was used to fit weighted least-squares regression models to the rates on the logarithmic scale. Analyses were set to allow one joinpoint across the period, as few as two observed time points from any given joinpoint to either end of the data, and as few as two observed time points between any two joinpoints. The weighted Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) tests for model (number of joinpoints) significance were set at an overall alpha level of 0.05. Pairwise comparisons of rates (as in age-adjusted rates for males compared with females and year-to-year comparisons) were conducted using a z test with an alpha level of 0.05 (5). Both Joinpoint software and pairwise z tests were used to evaluate changes in rates over time.

About the authors

Matthew F. Garnett and Anne M. Zehner are with the National Center for Health Statistics, Division of Analysis and Epidemiology.

References

1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC WONDER. 2018–2024 underlying cause of death. 2025. Available from: https://wonder.cdc.gov/deaths-by-underlying-cause.html.
2. Garnett MF, Zehner AM. Changes in suicide rates in the United States from 2022 to 2023. NCHS Data Brief. 2025 Sep;(541):1–9. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.15620/cdc/174625.
3. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC WONDER: 1999–2020 underlying cause of death. 2021. Available from: https://wonder.cdc.gov/deaths-by-underlying-cause.html.
4. World Health Organization. International classification of diseases and related health problems, 10th revision (ICD–10). 2008 ed. 2009.
5. Xu J, Murphy SL, Kochanek KD, Arias E. Deaths: Final data for 2022. Natl Vital Stat Rep. 2025 Jun;74(4):1–138. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.15620/cdc/174588.
6. National Cancer Institute. Joinpoint Regression Program (Version 5.4.0.0) [computer software]. 2025.

Suggested citation

Garnett MF, Zehner AM. Changes in suicide rates in the United States from 2023 to 2024. NCHS Data Brief. 2026 Sep;(572):1─12. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.15620/cdc/252473.

Copyright information

All material appearing in this report is in the public domain and may be reproduced or copied without permission; citation as to source, however, is appreciated.

National Center for Health Statistics

Carolyn M. Greene, M.D., Acting Director
Amy M. Branum, Ph.D., Associate Director for Science

Division of Analysis and Epidemiology

Irma E. Arispe, Ph.D., Director
Kimberly A. Lochner, Sc.D. Associate Director for Science