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Hospital Readmissions Among Veterans Within 90 Days of Discharge Following Initial Hospitalization for COVID-19

ORIGINAL RESEARCH — Volume 19 — December 1, 2022

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Figure 1. Number and percentage of US veterans (N = 17,771) hospitalized for a diagnosis of COVID-19 who were readmitted to hospital within 90 days of discharge following their initial hospitalization, by number of days between discharge and readmission, March 1–December 31, 2020.

Number and percentage of US veterans (N = 17,771) hospitalized for a diagnosis of COVID-19 who were readmitted to hospital within 90 days of discharge following their initial hospitalization, by number of days between discharge and readmission, March 1–December 31, 2020.
Days to readmission No. readmitted Cumulative no. Percentage readmitted
2 191 191 1.08
3 165 356 2.00
4 168 524 2.95
5 117 641 3.61
6 109 750 4.22
7 112 862 4.85
8 92 954 5.37
9 83 1,037 5.84
10 84 1,121 6.31
11 89 1,210 6.81
12 74 1,284 7.23
13 78 1,362 7.66
14 63 1,425 8.02
15 58 1,483 8.35
16 64 1,547 8.71
17 50 1,597 8.99
18 58 1,655 9.31
19 39 1,694 9.53
20 60 1,754 9.87
21 47 1,801 10.14
22 50 1,851 10.42
23 43 1,894 10.66
24 39 1,933 10.88
25 28 1,961 11.03
26 36 1,997 11.24
27 35 2,032 11.43
28 27 2,059 11.59
29 22 2,081 11.71
30 16 2,097 11.80
31 15 2,112 11.88
32 31 2,143 12.06
33 30 2,173 12.23
34 30 2,203 12.40
35 20 2,223 12.51
36 12 2,235 12.58
37 15 2,250 12.66
38 16 2,266 12.75
39 20 2,286 12.86
40 15 2,301 12.95
41 17 2,318 13.04
42 24 2,342 13.18
43 10 2,352 13.24
44 7 2,359 13.27
45 20 2,379 13.39
46 13 2,392 13.46
47 14 2,406 13.53
48 14 2,420 13.61
49 13 2,433 13.69
50 9 2,442 13.74
51 5 2,447 13.77
52 8 2,455 13.82
53 11 2,466 13.88
54 8 2,474 13.92
55 11 2,485 13.98
56 7 2,492 14.02
57 12 2,504 14.09
58 12 2,516 14.16
59 15 2,531 14.24
60 8 2,539 14.29
61 4 2,543 14.31
62 4 2,547 14.33
63 11 2,558 14.39
64 10 2,568 14.45
65 10 2,578 14.51
66 7 2,585 14.55
67 10 2,595 14.60
68 2 2,597 14.61
69 10 2,607 14.67
70 9 2,616 14.72
71 7 2,623 14.76
72 8 2,631 14.81
73 9 2,640 14.86
74 7 2,647 1490
75 7 2,654 14.93
76 10 2,664 14.99
77 13 2,677 15.06
78 10 2,687 15.12
79 10 2,697 15.18
80 8 2,705 15.22
81 4 2,709 15.24
82 7 2,716 15.28
83 9 2,725 15.33
84 9 2,734 15.39
85 8 2,742 15.43
86 5 2,747 15.46
87 6 2,753 15.49
88 2 2,755 15.50
89 6 2,761 15.54
90 3 2,764 15.55

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Figure 2. Logistic regression model showing estimated odds of readmission to a Veterans Administration hospital among US veterans (N = 17,771) hospitalized for a diagnosis of COVID-19 who were readmitted to hospital within 90 days of discharge following their initial hospitalization, March 1– December 31, 2020. The Elixhauser score ranges from –0.4 to 15.8 by using the Moore et al method (19) scaled down by 10. Odds ratio and associated 95% CIs for estimated coefficients are represented by points and bars, respectively, and by patient characteristics. Abbreviations: AMA, against medical advice; LTC, long-term care.

Logistic regression model showing estimated odds of readmission to a Veterans Administration hospital among US veterans (N = 17,771) hospitalized for a diagnosis of COVID-19 who were readmitted to hospital within 90 days of discharge following their initial hospitalization, March 1– December 31, 2020. The Elixhauser score ranges from –0.4 to 15.8 by using the Moore et al method (19) scaled down by 10. Odds ratio and associated 95% CIs for estimated coefficients are represented by points and bars, respectively, and by patient characteristics. Abbreviations: AMA, against medical advice; LTC, long-term care.
Patient characteristic Estimated OR (95% CI)
Age 1.00 (1.00–1.01)
Sex
Male Reference
Female 0.98 (0.79–1.2)
Race
White Reference
Black 0.93 (0.84–1.03)
Other listed races/unknown 1.12 (0.9–1.38)
Non-Hispanic/Latino Reference
Hispanic/Latino 0.98 (0.83–1.15)
Length of hospital stay 1.05 (1.04–1.05)
Ventilator
No Reference
Yes 1.61 (1.38–1.87)
Body mass index 1 (0.99–1.01)
Smoking status
Current smoker Reference
Former smoker 0.78 (0.68–0.89)
Never smoker 0.69 (0.6–0.8)
Unknown 0.53 (0.43–0.65)
Marital status
Married Reference
Single or unknown 1.06 (0.97–1.16)
Rurality
Urban Reference
Rural 0.87 (0.78–0.97)
Highly rural 0.65 (0.48–0.87)
Elixhauser score 10 points 1.17 (1.16–1.19)
Discharge disposition
Community Reference
Hospital or long-term care 0.11 (0.09–0.13)
Missing 0.36 (0.24–0.53)
Against medical advice 1.58 (1.2–2.08)
COVID-19 wave
Wave 1 Reference
Wave 2 1.14 (0.97–1.35)
Wave 3 1.41 (1.21–1.64)

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