Nutritional Biomarkers Branch Publications

Chaudhary-Webb M, Schleicher RL, Erhardt JG, Pendergrast EC, Pfeiffer CM. An HPLC ultraviolet method using low sample volume and protein precipitation for the measurement of retinol in human serum suitable for laboratories in low- and middle-income countriesexternal icon. J Appl Lab Med. 2019;4(1):101-7. DOI: 10.1373/jalm.2018.027508.
Chen H, McCoy LF, Schleicher RL, Pfeiffer CM. Measurement of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25OHD3) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 (25OHD2) in human serum using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and its comparison to a radioimmunoassay methodexternal icon. Clin Chim Acta. 2008;391:6-12.
Erhardt JG, Estes JE, Pfeiffer CM, Biesalski HK, Craft NE. Combined measurement of ferritin, soluble transferrin receptor, retinol binding protein, and C-reactive protein by an inexpensive, sensitive, and simple sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay techniqueexternal icon. J Nutr. 2004;134(11):3127-32.
Esmaeili R, Zhang M, Sternberg MR, Mapango C, Pfeiffer CM. A new multiplex immunoassay for serum ferritin, soluble transferrin receptor, C-reactive protein, α-1-glycoprotein, and retinol-binding protein showed variable comparability with traditional reference assaysexternal icon. PLoS One. 2019;14(4):e0215782. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215782.
Fazili Z, Whitehead RD Jr, Paladugula N,Pfeiffer CM. A high-throughput LC-MS/MS method suitable for population biomonitoring measures five serum folate vitamers and one oxidation productexternal icon. Anal Bioanal Chem. 2013;405:4549-60.
Fazili Zand Pfeiffer CM. Accounting for an isobaric interference allows correct determination of folate vitamers in serum by isotope dilution-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometryexternal icon. J Nutr. 2013;143:108-
Fazili Z, Pfeiffer CM, Zhang M, Jain R. Erythrocyte folate extraction and quantitative determination by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry: comparison of results with microbiologic assayexternal icon. Clin Chem. 2005;51(12):2318-25.
Fazili Z, Pfeiffer CM. Measurement of folates in serum and conventionally prepared whole blood lysates: application of an automated 96-well plate isotope-dilution tandem MS methodexternal icon. Clin Chem. 2004;50:2378-81.
McCoy LF, Bowen MB, Xu M, Chen H, Schleicher RL. Improved HPLC assay for measuring serum vitamin C with 1-methyluric acid used as an electrochemically active internal standard. Clin Chem.external icon 2005;51(6):1062-4.
McCoy LF, Scholl PF, Schleicher RL, Groopman JD, Powers CD, Pfeiffer CM. Analysis of aflatoxin B1-lysine adduct in serum using isotope-dilution liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometryexternal icon. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 2005;19(16):2203-10.
Mineva EM, Zhang M, Rabinowitz DJ, Phinney KW, Pfeiffer CM. An LC-MS/MS method for serum methylmalonic acid suitable for monitoring vitamin B12 status in population surveysexternal icon. Anal Bioanal Chem. 2015;407:2955–64. DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-8148-2.
Mineva EM, Schleicher RL, Chaudhary-Webb, M, May KL, Botelho JC, Vesper HW, Pfeiffer CM. A candidate reference measurement procedure for quantifying serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 using isotope-dilution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometryexternal icon. Anal Bioanal Chem. 2015;407(19):5615-24. DOI 10/1007/s00216-015-8733-z.
Nelson BC, Pfeiffer CM, Margolis SA, Nelson CP. Affinity extraction combined with stable isotope dilution LC/MS for the determination of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate in human plasmaexternal icon. Anal Biochem. 2003;313(1):117-27.
Nelson BC, Pfeiffer CM, Margolis SA, Nelson CP. Solid-phase extraction-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry for the quantification of folate in human plasma or serumexternal icon. Anal Biochem. 2004;325(1):41-51.
Nelson BC, Pfeiffer CM, Sniegoski LT, Satterfield MB. Development and evaluation of an isotope dilution LC/MS method for the determination of total homocysteine in human plasmaexternal icon. Anal Chem. 2003;75(4):775-84.
Parker DL, Rybak ME, Pfeiffer CM. Phytoestrogen biomonitoring: an extractionless LC-MS/MS method for measuring urinary isoflavones and lignans by use of atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI)external icon. Anal Bioanal Chem. 2012:402;1123-36.
Pawlosky RJ, Flanagan VP, Pfeiffer CM. Determination of 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid in human serum by stable-isotope dilution high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometryexternal icon. Anal Biochem. 2001;298(2):299-305.
Pfeiffer CM, Looker AC. Laboratory methodologies for indicators of iron status: strengths, limitations and analytical challengesexternal icon. Am J Clin Nutr. 2017;106(Suppl):1606S-14S; DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.117.155747.
Pfeiffer CM, Fazili Z, McCoy LF, Gunter EW. Determination of folate vitamers in human serum by stable-isotope dilution tandem mass spectrometry and comparison to radioassay and microbiologic assayexternal icon. Clin Chem. 2004;50(2):423-32.
Pfeiffer CM, Fazili Z, Zhang M. Folate analytical methodology. In: Bailey LB, editor. Folate in Health and Disease. 2nd ed. CRC Press. Taylor & Francis Group. 2010.
Pfeiffer CM, Huff DL, Gunter EW. Rapid and accurate HPLC assay for plasma total homocysteine and cysteine in a clinical laboratory settingexternal icon. Clin Chem. 1999;45(2):290-2.
Pfeiffer CM, Twite D, Shih J, Holets-McCormack SR, Gunter EW. Method comparison for total plasma homocysteine between the Abbott IMx analyzer and an HPLC assay with internal standardizationexternal icon. Clin Chem. 1999;45(1):152-3.
Rybak ME, Pao C-I, Pfeiffer CM. Determination of urine caffeine and its metabolites by use of high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry: estimating dietary caffeine exposure and metabolic phenotyping in population studiesexternal icon. Anal Bioanal Chem. 2014;406:771-84; DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-7506-9.
Rybak ME, Pfeiffer CM. A simplified protein precipitation and filtration procedure for determining serum vitamin B(6) by high-performance liquid chromatographyexternal icon. Anal Biochem. 2009;388(1):175-7
Rybak ME, Parker DL, Pfeiffer CM. Determination of urinary phytoestrogens by HPLC-MS/MS: a comparison of atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) and electrospray ionization (ESI)external icon. J Chromat B. 2008;861:145-50.
Rybak ME, Pfeiffer CM. Clinical analysis of vitamin B6: Determination of pyridoxal 5′-phosphate and 4-pyridoxic acid in human serum by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with chlorite postcolumn derivatizationexternal icon. Anal Biochem. 2004;333:336-44.
Satterfield MB, Sniegoski LT, Welch MJ, Nelson BC, Pfeiffer CM. Comparison of isotope dilution mass spectrometry methods for the determination of total homocysteine in plasma and serumexternal icon. Anal Chem. 2003;75(17):4631-8.
Schleicher RL, Encisco SE, Chaudhary-Webb M, Paliakov E, Pfeiffer CM. Isotope dilution ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for simultaneous measurement of 25-hydroxyvitamin D2, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and 3-epi-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 in human serumexternal icon. Clin Chim Acta. 2011;412:1594-9.
Stamm RA, Fazili Z, Pfeiffer CM. Addition of exogenous γ-glutamyl hydrolase eliminates the need for lengthy incubation of whole blood lysate for quantitation of folate vitamers by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometryexternal icon. Curr Dev Nutr. 2017;2(1):1-9. DOI: 10.1093.cdn/nzx003.
Zitomer N, Rybak ME, Li Z, Walters MJ, Holman MR. Determination of Aflatoxin B1 in Smokeless Tobacco Products by Use of UHPLC-MS/MSexternal icon. J Agric Food Chem. 2015;63:9131-8; DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b0262

Blackmore S, Pfeiffer CM, Lee A, Fazili Z, Hamilton MS. Assessment of the accuracy of serum folate assays and a proficiency testing consensus mean by an isotope dilution liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry reference methodexternal icon. Clin Chem. 2011;57:986-94.
Blanck HM, Pfeiffer CM, Caudill SP, Reyes R, Gunter EW, Imperatore G. Serum iron and iron-binding capacity: a round-robin interlaboratory comparison studyexternal icon. Clin Chem. 2003;49:1672-5.
Caldwell KL, Maxwell CB, Makhmudov A, Pino S, Braverman LE, Jones RL, Hollowell JG. Use of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to measure urinary iodine in NHANES 2000: comparison with previous methodexternal icon. Clin Chem. 2003;49(6 Pt 1):1019-21.
Dearth-Wesley T, Makhmudov A, Pfeiffer CM, Caldwell CM. Fast and reliable salt iodine measurement: evaluation of the WYD Iodine Checker in comparison with iodometric titrationexternal icon. Food Nutr Bull. 2004:25(2):130-6.
Fazili Z, Sternberg MR, Paladugula N, Pfeiffer CM. Two international Round Robin studies showed good comparability of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate, but poor comparability of folic acid measured in serum by different HPLC-MS/MS methodsexternal icon. J Nutr. 2017;147:1815-25.
Fazili Z, Pfeiffer CM, Zhang M, Jain RB, Koontz D. Influence of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphism on whole blood folate concentrations measured by LC-MS/MS, microbiologic assay, and BioRad radioassayexternal icon. Clin Chem. 2008;54:197-201.
Fazili Z, Pfeiffer CM, Zhang M. Comparison of serum folate species analyzed by LC-MS/MS with total folate measured by microbiologic assay and BioRad radioassayexternal icon. Clin Chem. 2007;53(4):781-4.
La’ulu SL, Rawlins ML, Pfeiffer CM, Zhang M, Roberts WL. Performance characteristics of six homocysteine assaysexternal icon. Am J Clin Pathol. 2008;130(6):969-75.
McCoy LF, Scholl PF, Sutcliffe AE, Kieszak SM, Powers CD, Rogers HS, Gong YY, Groopman JD, Wild CP, Schleicher RL. Human aflatoxin albumin adducts quantitatively compared by ELISA, HPLC with fluorescence detection, and HPLC with isotope dilution mass spectrometryexternal icon. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2008;17(7):1653-7.
Pfeiffer CM, Cook JD, Mei Z, Cogswell ME, Looker AC, Lacher DA. Evaluation of an automated soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) assay on the Roche Hitachi analyzer and its comparison to two ELISA assaysexternal icon. Clin Chim Acta. 2007;382(1-2):112-6.
Pfeiffer CM, Huff DL, Smith SJ, Miller DT, Gunter EW. Comparison of plasma total homocysteine measurements in 14 laboratories: an international studyexternal icon. Clin Chem. 1999;45(8):1261-8.
Pfeiffer CM, Smith SJ, Miller DT, Gunter EW. Comparison of serum and plasma methylmalonic acid measurements in 13 laboratories: An international studyexternal icon. Clin Chem. 1999;45(12):2236-42.
Rybak ME, Jain RB, Pfeiffer CM. Clinical vitamin B6 anlaysis: an inter-laboratory comparison of pyridoxal 5′-phosphate measurements in serumexternal icon. Clin Chem. 2005;51(7):1223-31.
Schantz MM, Powers CD, Schleicher RL, Betz JM, Wise SA. Interlaboratory analytical comparison of fatty acid concentrations in serum or plasmaexternal icon. Clin Chim Acta. 2016;462:148-52.
Whitehead RD, Zhang M, Sternberg MR, Schleicher RL, Drammeh B, Mapango C, Pfeiffer CM. Effects of preanalytical factors on hemoglobin measurement: a comparison of two HemoCue point-of-care analyzersexternal icon. Clin Biochem. 2017;50:513-20.
Zhang M, Sternberg MR, Pfeiffer CM. Harmonizing the calibrator and microorganism used in the folate microbiologic assay leads to improvements in serum and whole blood folate comparability as shown in a CDC Round Robin studyexternal icon. J Nutr. 2018;148:807-17.
Zhang M, Pfeiffer CM. Comparing the ESA HPLC total homocysteine assay with electrochemical detection to the CDC in-house HPLC assay with fluorescence detectionexternal icon. Clin Chim Acta. 2004;340(1-2):195-200.
Zhang M, Gunter EW, Pfeiffer CM. Evaluation of the Drew Scientific DS30 homocysteine assay in comparison with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reference HPLC methodexternal icon. Clin Chem. 2001;47(5):966-7.

Benner, BA Jr, Schantz MM, Powers CD, Schleicher RL, Camara JE, Sharpless KE, and Sniegoski LT. Standard Reference Material 2378 fatty acids in frozen human serum. A clinical SRM based on endogenous supplementation of polyunsaturated fatty acidsexternal icon. Anal Bioanal Chem. 2018;410(9):2321-9.
Caldwell CL, Makmudov A, Jones RL, Hollowell JG. EQUIP: a worldwide program to ensure the quality of urinary iodine procedures. Accred Qual Assur. 2005;10(7):356-61.
Caudill SP, Schleicher RL, Pirkle JL. Multi-rule quality control for the age-related eye disease studyexternal icon. Stat Med. 2008;27(20):4094-106.
Chen H, Sternberg MR, Schleicher RL, Pfeiffer CM. Long-term stability of 18 nutritional biomarkers stored at -20C and 5C for up to 12 months. J Appl Lab Med. 2018;3(1):100-108. DOI: 10.1373/jalm.2017.025478.
Drammeh BS, Schleicher RL, Pfeiffer CM, Jain RB, Zhang M, Nguyen PH. Effects of delayed specimen processing and freezing on serum concentrations of selected nutritional indicatorsexternal icon. Clin Chem. 2008;54:1883-91.
Fazili A, Sternberg MR, Paladugula N, Whitehead RD, Chen H, Pfeiffer CM. The loss of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate in human serum under suboptimal preanalytical conditions can only partially be recovered by an oxidation productexternal icon. J Nutr. 2014;144:1873–9.
Fazili Z, Sternberg, MR, Pfeiffer CM. Assessing the influence of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphism on folate stability during long-term frozen storage, thawing, and repeated freeze/thawing of whole bloodexternal icon. Clin Chim Acta. 2012;413:966-72.
Haynes BMH, Schleicher RL, Jain RB, Pfeiffer CM. The CDC VITAL-EQA program, external quality assurance for serum retinol 2003-2006external icon. Clin Chim Acta. 2008;390:90-6.
Mechanic L, Mendez A, Merrill L, Rogers J, Layton M, Todd D, Varanasi A, O’Brien B, Meyer Iii WA, Zhang M, Schleicher RL, Moye J. Planned variation in preanalytical conditions to evaluate biospecimen stability in the National Children’s Study (NCS)external icon. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2013;51(12):2287-94.
Mineva EM, Sternberg MR, Pfeiffer CM, Momin SS, Maw KL, and Schleicher RL. Quality specifications and their daily application to evaluate the accuracy of reference measurements for serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D₃ and 25-hydroxyvitamin D₂external icon. Clin Chim Acta. 2018;487:241-9.
Nelson BC, Pfeiffer CM, Zhang M, Duewer DL, Sharpless KE, Lippa KA. Commutability of NIST SRM 1955 homocysteine and folate in frozen human serum with selected total homocysteine immunometric and enzymatic assaysexternal icon. Clin Chim Acta. 2008;395:99-105.
Paladugula N, Fazili Z, Sternberg MR, Gabey G, Pfeiffer CM. Serum folate forms are stable during repeated analysis in the presence of ascorbic acid and during frozen sample storageexternal icon. J Appl Lab Med. 2019;03(6):993-1002. DOI: 10.1373/jalm.2018.027102.
Phinney KW, Ballihaut G, Bedner M, Benford BS, Camara JE, Christopher SJ, Davis WC, Dodder NG, Eppe G, Lang BE, et al. Development of a standard reference material for metabolomics researchexternal icon. Anal Chem. 2013;85:11732-8.
Phinney KW, Bedner M, Tai S-C, Vamathevan VV, Sander LC, Sharpless KE, Wise SA, Yen JH, Schleicher RL, Chaudhary-Webb M, Pfeiffer CM, Betz JM, Coates PM, Picciano MF. Development and certification of a Standard Reference Material for vitamin D metabolites in human serumexternal icon. Anal Chem. 2012;84:956-62.
Powers CD, Sternberg MR, Momin SS, Pendergrast EC, Scully DC, Schleicher RL. Stability of fatty acids in serum stored at -20°C for up to 5 years. J Appl Lab Med. 2017;2(1):123-7.
Satterfield MB, Sniegoski LT, Sharpless KE, Welch MJ, Hornikova A, Zhang NF, Pfeiffer CM, Fazili Z, Zhang M, Nelson BC. Development of a new standard reference material: SRM 1955 (homocysteine and folate in human serum)external icon. Anal Bioanal Chem. 2006;385(3):612-22.
Sempos CT, Vesper HW, Phinney KW, Thienpont LM, Coates PM, Vitamin D Standardization Program (VDSP). Vitamin D status as an international issue: national surveys and the problem of standardizationexternal icon. Scand J Clin Lab Invest. Suppl 2012;243:32-40.
Thorpe SJ, Heath A, Blackmore S, Lee A, Hamilton M, O’Broin S, Nelson BC, Pfeiffer CM, et al. International standard for serum vitamin B12 and serum folate: international collaborative study to evaluate a batch of lyophilized serum for B12 and folate contentexternal icon. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2007;45:380-6.

Ahluwalia N, Herrick K, Moshfegh A, Rybak M. Caffeine intake in children in the United States and 10-y trends: 2001-2010external icon. Am J Clin Nutr. 2014;100:1124-32. DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.113.082172.
Bailey RL, Fulgoni VL, Taylor CL, Pfeiffer CM, Thuppal SV, McCabe GP, Yetley EA. Correspondence of folate dietary intake and biomarker data.external icon Am J Clin Nutr. 2017;105:1336-43.
Bailey RL, Durazo-Arvizu RA, Carmel R, Green R, Pfeiffer CM, Sempos CT, Carriquiry A, Yetley EA. Modeling a methylmalonic acid-derived change point for serum vitamin B-12 for adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Sexternal icon. Am J Clin Nutr. 2013;98:460-7.
Bailey RL, Mills JL, Yetley EA, Gahche JJ, Pfeiffer CM, Dwyer JT, Dodd KW, Sempos CT, Betz JM, Picciano MF. Serum unmetabolized folic acid in a nationally representative sample of adults aged >=60 y in the United States, 2001-2002external icon. Food Nutr Res. 2012;56:5616.
Bailey RL, Carmel R, Green R, Pfeiffer CM, Cogswell ME, Osterloh JD, Sempos CT, Yetley EA. Monitoring of vitamin B12 nutritional status in the United States using plasma methylmalonic acid and serum vitamin B12external icon. Am J Clin Nutr. 2011;94:552-61.
Bailey RL, Mills JL, Yetley EA, Gahche JJ, Pfeiffer CM, Dwyer JT, Dodd KW, Sempos CT, Betz JM, Picciano MF. Unmetabolized serum folic acid and its relation to folic acid intake from diet and supplements in a nationally representative sample of adults aged >=60 y in the United Statesexternal icon. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010;92:383-9.
Caldwell KL, Miller GA, Wang RY, Jain RB, Jones RL. Iodine status of the U.S. population, national health and nutrition examination survey 2003-2004external icon. Thyroid. 2008;18(11):1207-14.
Caldwell KL, Jones RL, Hollowell JG. Urinary iodine concentration: United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001-2002external icon. Thyroid. 2005;15(7):692-9.
Cogswell ME, Loria CM, Terry AL, Zhao L, Wang CY, Chen TC, Wright JD, Pfeiffer CM, Merritt R, Moy CS, Appel LJ. Estimated 24-hour urinary sodium and potassium excretion in US adults. JAMAexternal icon. 2018;319:1209-20. DOI: 10.1001/jama.2018.1156.
Cogswell M, Elliott P, Wang C-Y, Rhodes D, Pfeiffer CM, Loria CM. Assessing U.S. sodium intake through dietary data and urine biomarkersexternal icon. Adv Nutr. 2013; 4:560-2.
Cogswell ME, Looker AC, Pfeiffer CM, Cook JD, Lacher DA, Beard JL, Lynch SR, Grummer-Strawn LM. Assessment of iron deficiency in US preschool children and nonpregnant females of childbearing age: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2006external icon. Am J Clin Nutr. 2009;89(5):1334-42.
Fazili Z, Sternberg MR, Potischman N, Wang C-Y, Storandt RJ, Yeung L, Yamini S, Gahche JJ, Juan WY, Qi YP, Paladugula N, Gabey G, Pfeiffer CM. Serum folate forms in the US population: cross-sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2016external icon. J Nutr. 2019; DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxz278.
Ford ES, Schleicher RL, Mokdad AH, Ajani UA, Liu S. Distribution of serum concentrations of alpha-tocopherol and gamma-tocopherol in the US populationexternal icon. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006;84(2):375-83.
Haynes BMH, Pfeiffer CM, Sternberg MR, Schleicher RL. Selected pre-analytical and physiological factors are weakly to moderately associated with twenty-nine biomarkers of diet and nutrition, NHANES 2003–2006external icon. J Nutr. 2013;143:1001S-10S.
Herrick KA, Storandt RJ, Afful J, Pfeiffer CM, Schleicher RL, Gahche JJ, Potischman N. Vitamin D status in the United States, 2011-2014external icon. Am J Clin Nutr. 2019;110:150-7. DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz037.
Hollowell JG, Staehling NW, Hannon WH, Flanders DW, Gunter EW, Maberly GF, Braverman LE, Pino S, Miller DT, Garbe PL, DeLozier DM, Jackson RJ. Iodine nutrition in the United States. Trends and public health implications: iodine excretion data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys I and III (1971-1974 and 1988-1994)external icon. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1998;83(10):3401-8.
Looker AC, Lacher DA, Pfeiffer CM, Schleicher RL, Picciano MF, Yetley EA. Data advisory with regard to NHANES serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D dataexternal icon. Am J Clin Nutr. 2009;90:695.
Looker AC, Pfeiffer CM, Lacher DA, Schleicher RL, Picciano MF, Yetley EA. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D status of the US population: 1988-1994 compared with 2000-2004external icon. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008;88(6):1519-27.
Mei Z, Pfeiffer CM, Looker AC, Flores-Ayala RC, Lacher DA, Mirel LB, Grummer-Strawn LM. Serum soluble transferrin receptor concentrations in US preschool children and non-pregnant women of childbearing age from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2010external icon. Clin Chim Acta. 2012;413:1479-84.
Mei Z, Cogswell ME, Looker AL, Pfeiffer CM, Cusick SE, Lacher DA, Grummer-Strawn LM. Assessment of iron status in US pregnant women from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2006external icon. Am J Clin Nutr. 2011;93:1-9.
Mineva EM, Sternberg MR, Zhang M, Aoki Y, Storandt R, Bailey RL, Pfeiffer CM. Age-specific reference ranges are needed to interpret serum methylmalonic acid concentrations in the US populationexternal icon. Am J Clin Nutr. 2019;110:158-68. DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz045. hexternal icon
Pfeiffer CM, Sternberg MR, Zhang M, Fazili Z, Storandt RJ, Crider KS, Yamini S, Gahche JJ, Juan WY, Wang C-Y, Potischman N, Williams J, LaVoie DJ. Folate status in the US population 20 years after the introduction of folic acid fortificationexternal icon. Am J Clin Nutr. 2019;110(5):1088-97. DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz184.
Pfeiffer CM, Sternberg MR, Hamner HC, Crider KS, Lacher DA, Rogers LM, Bailey RL, Yetley EA. Applying inappropriate cutpoints leads to misinterpretation of folate status in the US populationexternal icon. Am J Clin Nutr. 2016;104:1607–15.
Pfeiffer CM, Sternberg MR, Fazili Z, Lacher DA, Zhang M, Johnson CL, Hamner HC, Bailey RL, Rader JI, Yamini S, Berry RJ, and Yetley EA. Folate status and concentrations of serum folate forms in the US population: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2external icon. Br J Nutr. 2015;113:1965–77. DOI: 10.1017/S0007114515001142.
Pfeiffer CM, Sternberg MR, Fazili Z, Yetley EA, Lacher DA, Bailey RL, Johnson CL. Unmetabolized folic acid is detected in nearly all serum samples from US children, adolescents, and adultsexternal icon. J Nutr. 2015;145:520–31. DOI: 10.3945/jn.114.201210.
Pfeiffer CM, Hughes JP, Cogswell ME, Burt VL, Lacher DA, LaVoie DJ, Rabinowitz DJ, Johnson CL, Pirkle JL. Urine sodium excretion increased slightly among U.S. adults between 1988 and 2010external icon. J Nutr. 2014;144:698–705.
Pfeiffer CM, Sternberg MR, Schleicher RL, Haynes MBH, Rybak ME, Pirkle JL. The CDC’s Second National Report on Biochemical Indicators of Diet and Nutrition in the US Population is a valuable tool for researchers and policy makers to assess nutritional statusexternal icon. J Nutr. 2013;143:938S-47S.
Pfeiffer CM, Sternberg MR, Schleicher RL, Rybak ME. Dietary supplement use and smoking were strongly related to biomarkers of water-soluble vitamin status after adjusting for socioeconomic and lifestyle factors in a representative sample of US adultsexternal icon. J Nutr. 2013;143:957S-65S.
Pfeiffer CM, Sternberg MR, Caldwell KL, Pan Y. Race-ethnicity is related to biomarkers of iron and iodine status after adjusting for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors in a representative sample of US adultsexternal icon. J Nutr. 2013;143:977S-85S.
Pfeiffer CM, Hughes JP, Lacher DA, Bailey RL, Berry RJ, Zhang M, Yetley EA, Rader JI, Sempos CT, Johnson CL. Estimation of trends in serum and RBC folate in the U.S. population from pre- to postfortification using assay-adjusted data from the NHANES 1988-2010external icon. J Nutr. 2012;142:886-93.
Pfeiffer CM, Hughes JP, Durazo-Arvizu RA, Lacher DA, Sempos CT, Zhang M, Yetley EA, Johnson CL. Changes in measurement procedure from a radioassay to a microbiologic assay necessitates adjustment of serum and RBC folate concentrations in the U.S. population from the NHANES 1988-2010external icon. J Nutr. 2012;142:894-900.
Pfeiffer CM, Schleicher RL, Johnson CL, Coates PM. Assessing vitamin status in large population surveys by measuring biomarkers and dietary intake – two case studies: folate and vitamin Dexternal icon. Food Nutr Res. 2012;56:5944.
Pfeiffer CM, Zhang M, Lacher DA, Molloy AM, Tamura T, Yetley EA, Picciano M-F, Johnson CL. Comparison of serum and red blood cell folate microbiologic assays for national population surveysexternal icon. J Nutr. 2011;141:1402-9.
Pfeiffer CM, Osterloh JD, Kennedy-Stephenson J, Picciano MF, Yetley EA, Rader JI, Johnson CL. Trends in circulating concentrations of total homocysteine among U.S. adolescents and adults: findings from the 1991-1994 and 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveysexternal icon. Clin Chem. 2008;54:801-13.
Pfeiffer CM, Johnson CL, Jain RB, Yetley EA, Picciano MF, Rader JI, Fisher KD, Mulinare J, Osterloh JD. Trends in blood folate and vitamin B12 concentrations in the United States, 1988-2004external icon. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007;86:718-27.
Pfeiffer CM, Caudill SP, Gunter EW, Osterloh J, Sampson EJ. Biochemical indicators of B vitamin status in the U.S. population after folic acid fortification: results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2000.external icon Am J Clin Nutr. 2005;82:442-50.
Pfeiffer CM, Caudill SP, Gunter EW, Bowman BA, Jacques PF, Selhub J, Johnson CL, Miller DT, Sampson EJ. Analysis of factors influencing the comparison of homocysteine values between the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and NHANES 1999+.external icon J Nutr. 2000;130(11):2850-4.
Qi YP, Do AN, Hamner HC, Pfeiffer CM, Berry RJ. The prevalence of low serum vitamin B-12 status in the absence of anemia or macrocytosis did not increase among older U.S. adults after mandatory folic acid fortificationexternal icon. J Nutr. 2014; 144;170-6.
Rybak ME, Sternberg MR, Pao C-I, Ahluwalia N, Pfeiffer CM. Urine excretion of caffeine and select caffeine metabolites is common in the US population and associated with caffeine intakeexternal icon. J Nutr. 2015;145:766-74.
Rybak ME, Sternberg MR, Pfeiffer CM. Sociodemographic and lifestyle variables are compound- and class-specific correlates of urine phytoestrogen concentrations in the US populationexternal icon. J Nutr. 2013;143:986S-94S.
Schleicher RL, Sternberg MR, Lacher DA, Sempos CT, Looker AC, Durazo-Arvizu RA, Yetley EA, Chaudhary-Webb M, Maw KL, Pfeiffer CM, Johnson C. A method-bridging study for serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D to standardize historical radioimmunoassay data to liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometryexternal icon. Natl Health Stat Report. 2016 Apr 25;(93):1-16.
Schleicher RL, Sternberg MR, Looker AC, Yetley EA, Lacher DA, Sempos CT, Taylor CL, Durazo-Arvizu RA, Maw KL, Chaudhary-Webb M, Johnson CL, Pfeiffer CM. National estimates of serum total 25-hydroxyvitamin D and metabolite concentrations measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in the U.S. population during 2007-2010external icon. J Nutr. 2016;146:1051–61.
Schleicher RL, Sternberg MR, Lacher DA, Sempos CT, Looker AC, Durazo-Arvizu RA, Yetley EA, Chaudhary-Webb M, Maw KL, Pfeiffer CM, Johnson CL. The vitamin D status of the U.S. population from 1988 to 2010 using standardized serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D shows recent modest increasesexternal icon. Am J Clin Nutr. 2016;104:454–61. DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.115.127985.
Schleicher RL, McCoy LF, Powers CD, Sternberg MR, Pfeiffer CM. Serum concentrations of an aflatoxin-albumin adduct in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2000external icon. Clin Chim Acta. 2013;423:46-50.
Schleicher RL, Sternberg MR, Pfeiffer CM. Race-ethnicity is a strong correlate of circulating fat-soluble nutrient concentrations in a representative sample of the U.S. populationexternal icon. J Nutr. 2013;143:966S-76S.
Schleicher RL, Carroll MD, Ford ES, Lacher DA. Serum vitamin C and the prevalence of vitamin C deficiency in the United States: 2003-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)external icon. Am J Clin Nutr. 2009;90(5):1252-63.
Sternberg MR, Schleicher RL, Pfeiffer CM. Regression modeling plan for twenty-nine biochemical indicators of diet and nutrition measured in NHANES 2003–2006external icon. J Nutr. 2013; 143:948S-56S.
Tinker SC, Hamner HC, Berry RJ, Bailey LB, Pfeiffer CM. Does obesity modify the association of supplemental folic acid with folate status among nonpregnant women of childbearing age in the United States?external icon Birth Defect Res A Clin Mol Teratol. 2012;94(10):749-55.
Vesper HW, Sternberg MR, Pfeiffer CM. Among ten sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, smoking was most strongly associated with biomarkers of acrylamide exposure in a representative sample of the US populationexternal icon. J Nutr. 2013;143:995S-1000S.
Yang Q, Cogswell ME, Hamner HC, Carriquiri A, Bailey LB, Pfeiffer CM, Berry RJ. Folic acid source, usual intake, and folate and vitamin B12 status in US adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2006external icon. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010;91:64-72.
Yeung LF, Cogswell ME, Carriquiry AL, Bailey LB, Pfeiffer CM, Berry RJ. Contributions of enriched cereal-grain products ready-to-eat cereals and supplements to folic acid and vitamin B-12 usual intake and folate and vitamin B-12 status in US children: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2006external icon. Am J Clin Nutr. 2011;93(1):172-85.
Yetley EA, Pfeiffer CM, Phinney KW, Fazili Z, Lacher DA, Bailey RL, Blackmore S, et al. Biomarkers of folate status in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES): a roundtable summaryexternal icon. Am J Clin Nutr. 2011; 94:303S-12S.
Yetley EA, Pfeiffer CM, Phinney KW, Bailey RL, Blackmore S, Bock JL, Brody LC, et al. Biomarkers of vitamin B-12 status in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES): a roundtable summaryexternal icon. Am J Clin Nutr. 2011;94:313S-21S.
Yetley EA, Pfeiffer CM, Schleicher RL, Phinney KW, Lacher DA, Christakos S, Eckfeldt JH, et al. NHANES monitoring of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D: A roundtable summaryexternal icon. J Nutr. 2010;140:2030S-45S.
Zhang M, Sternberg MR, Yeung LF, Pfeiffer CM. Population RBC folate concentrations can be accurately estimated from measured whole blood folate, measured hemoglobin, and predicted serum folate, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1988-2010external icon. Am J Clin Nutr. 2019; DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz307.

Allen NB, Zhao L, Loria CM, Vn Horn L, Wang C-Y, Pfeiffer CM, Cogswell ME, Wright J, Liu K. The validity of predictive equations for 24-hr sodium excretion: the MESA and CARDIA urinary sodium studyexternal icon. Am J Epidemiol. 2017;186:149-159. DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwx056.
Aufreiter S, Gregory JF III, Pfeiffer CM, Fazili Z, Kim YI, Marcon N, Kamalaporn P, Pencharz PB, O’Connor DL. Folate is absorbed across the colon of adults: evidence from cecal infusion of (13)C-labeled [6S]-5-formyltetrahydrofolic acidexternal icon. Am J Clin Nutr. 2009;90(1):116-23.
Awuor AO, Yard E, Daniel JH, Martin C, Bii C, Romoser A, Oyugi E, Elmore S, Amwayi S, Vulule J, Zitomer NC, Rybak ME, Phillips TD, Montgomery JM, Lewis LS. Evaluation of the efficacy, acceptability and palatability of calcium montmorillonite clay used to reduce aflatoxin B1 dietary exposure in a crossover study in Kenya. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assessexternal icon. 2017;34:93-102. DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2016.1224933.
Braun JM, Froehlich T, Kalkbrenner A. Pfeiffer CM, Fazili Z, Yolton K, Lanphear BP. Brief report: are autistic-behaviors in children related to prenatal vitamin use and maternal whole blood folate concentrations?external icon J Autism Dev Disord. 2014;44:2602-7. DOI: 10.1007/s10803-014-2114-x.
Chokkalingam AP, Chun DS, Noonan EJ, Pfeiffer CM, Zhang M, Month SR, Taggart DR, Wiemels JL, Metayer C, Buffler PA. Blood levels of folate at birth and risk of childhood leukemiaexternal icon. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2013;22:1088-94.
Cogswell ME, Wang CY, Chen TC, Pfeiffer CM, Elliott P, Gillespie CD, Carriquiry AL, Sempos CT, Liu K, Perrine CG, Swanson CA, Caldwell KL, Loria CM. Validity of predictive equations for 24-h urinary sodium excretion in adults aged 18-39 yexternal icon. Am J Clin Nutr. 2013;98:1502-13.
Colapinto CK, Tremblay MS, Aufreiter S, Bushnik T, Pfeiffer CM, O’Connor DL. The direction of the difference between Canadian and American red blood cell folate concentrations is dependent on the assay method employed: a comparison of the Canadian Health Measures Survey and National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveyexternal icon. Br J Nutr. 2014;112:1873–81. DOI: 10.1017/S0007114514002906.
Cole CR, Grant FK, Swaby-Ellis ED, Smith JL, Jacques A, Northrop-Clewes CA, Caldwell KL, Pfeiffer CM, and Ziegler TR. Zinc and iron deficiency and their interrelations in low-income African American and Hispanic children in Atlantaexternal icon. Am J Clin Nutr. 2010;91:1027-34.
Deierlein AL, Wolff MS, Pajak A, Pinney SM, Windham GC, Galvez MP, Rybak M, Calafat AM, Kushi LH, Biro FM, Teitelbaum SL. Phenol Concentrations During Childhood and Subsequent Measures of Adiposity Among Young Girlsexternal icon. Am J Epidemiol. 2017;186:581-92. DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwx136.
Dorgan JF, Boakye NA, Fears TR, Schleicher RL, Helsel W, Anderson C, Robinson J, Guin JD, Lessin S, Ratnasinghe LD, Tangrea JA. Serum carotenoids and alpha-tocopherol and risk of nonmelanoma skin cancerexternal icon. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2004;13(8):1276-82.
Fung JL, Hartman TJ, Schleicher RL, Goldman MB. Association of vitamin D intake and serum levels with fertility: Results from the Lifestyle and Fertility Studyexternal icon. Fert Steril. 2017;108(2):302-11.
Hartman BA, Fazili Z, Pfeiffer CM, O’Connor DL. Neither folic acid supplementation nor pregnancy affects the distribution of folate forms in the red blood cells of womenexternal icon. J Nutr. 2014;144:1364–9.
Hertrampf E, Cortés F, Erickson JD, Cayazzo M, Freire W, Bailey LB, Howson C, Kauwell GP, Pfeiffer C. Consumption of folic acid-fortified bread improves folate status in women of reproductive age in Chileexternal icon. J Nutr. 2003;133(10):3166-9.
Horton DK, Adetona O, Aguilar-Villalobos M, Cassidy BE, Pfeiffer CM, Schleicher RL, Caldwell KL, Needham LL, Rathbun SL, Vena JE, Naeher LP. Changes in the concentrations of biochemical idicators of diet and nutritional status of pregnant women across pregnancy trimesters in Trujillo, Peru, 2004-2005external icon. Nutr J. 2013:12:80. DOI: 10.1186/1475-2891-12-80.
Huang LL, Coleman HR, Kim J, de Monasterio F, Wong WT, Schleicher RL, Ferris FL, Chew EY, et al. Oral supplementation of lutein/zeaxanthin and omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in persons aged 60 years or older, with or without AMDexternal icon. Invest Opthalmol Vis Sci. 2008;49:3864-9.
Kelvin EA, Edwards S, Jedrychowski W, Schleicher RL, Camann D, Tang D, Perera FP. Modulation of the effect of prenatal PAH exposure on PAH-DNA adducts in cord blood by plasma antioxidantsexternal icon. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2009;18(8):2262-8.
Lakoff A, Fazili Z, Aufreiter S, Pfeiffer CM, Connolly B, Gregory JF III, Pencharz DB, O’Connor DL. Folate is absorved across the human colon: evidence using enteric coated caplets containing 13C-labeled [6s]-5-formyltetrahydrofolateexternal icon. Am J Clin Nutr. 2014;100;1278–86.
Limburg PJ, Wei W, Ahnen DJ, Qiao Y, Hawk ET, Wang G, Giffen CA, Wang G, Roth MJ, Lu N, Korn EL, Ma Y, Caldwell KL, Dong Z, Taylor PR, Dawsey SM. Randomized, placebo-controlled, esophageal squamous cell cancer chemoprevention trial of selenomethionine and celecoxibexternal icon. Gastroenterol. 2005;129(3):863-73.
Lindblad AS, Lloyd PC, Clemons TE, Gensler GR, Ferris FL 3rd, Klein ML, Armstrong JR; Age-Related Eye Disease Study Research Group. Change in area of geographic atrophy in the Age-Related Eye Disease Study: AREDS report number 26external icon. Arch Ophthalmol. 2009;127(9):1168-74.
Lisko JG, Lee GE, Kimbrell JB, Rybak ME, Valentin-Blasini L, Watson CH. Caffeine Concentrations in Coffee, Tea, Chocolate, and Energy Drink Flavored E-liquidsexternal icon. Nicotine Tob Res. 2017;19:484-92. DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntw192.
Looker HC, Fagot-Campagna A, Gunter EW, Pfeiffer CM, Narayan KM, Knowler WC, Hanson RL. Homocysteine as a risk factor for nephropathy and retinopathy in Type 2 diabetesexternal icon. Diabetologia. 2003;46(6):766-72.
Looker HC, Fagot-Campagna A, Gunter EW, Pfeiffer CM, Sievers ML, Bennett PH, et al. Homocysteine and vitamin B12 concentrations and mortality rates in type 2 diabetesexternal icon. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2007;23:193-201.
Luo M, Estívariz CF, Schleicher RL, Bazargan N, Leader LM, Galloway JR, Ziegler TR. Prospective analysis of serum carotenoids, vitamin A, and tocopherols in adults with short bowel syndrome undergoing intestinal rehabilitationexternal icon. Nutrition. 2009;25(4):400-7.
Marks KJ, Hartman TJ, Taylor EV, Rybak ME, Northstone K, Marcus M. Exposure to phytoestrogens in utero and age at menarche in a contemporary British cohort.external icon Environ Res. 2017;155:287-93. DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.02.030.
Mark SD, Qiao Y-L, Dawsey SM, Wu Y-P, Katki H, Gunter EW, Fraumeni JF Jr., Blot WJ, Dong Z-W, Taylor PR, et al. Prospective Study of Serum Selenium Levels and Incident Esophageal and Gastric Cancersexternal icon. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2000;92(21):1753-63.
Masters ET, Jedrychowski W, Schleicher RL, Tsai WY, Tu YH, Camann D, Tang D, Perera FP, et al. Relation between prenatal lipid-soluble micronutrient status, environmental pollutant exposure, and birth outcomesexternal icon. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007;86:1139-45.
Mc Eligot AJ, Ziogas A, Pfeiffer CM, Fazili Z, Anton-Culver H. The association between circulating total folate and folate vitamers with overall survival after post-menopausal breast cancer diagnosisexternal icon. Nutr Cancer. 2015;67:442-8.
Mervish NA, Gardiner EW, Galvez MP, Kushi LH, Windham GC, Biro FM, Pinney SM, Rybak ME, Teitelbaum SL, Wolff MS; Breast Cancer and Environment Research Centers. Dietary flavonol intake is associated with age of puberty in a longitudinal cohort of girlsexternal icon. Nutr Res. 2013;33:534-42. DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2013.04.005.
Mumford SL, Sundaram R, Schisterman EF, Sweeney AM, Barr DB, Rybak ME, Maisog JM, Parker DL, Pfeiffer CM, Louis GM. Higher urinary lignan concentrations in women but not men are positively associated with shorter time to pregnancyexternal icon. J Nutr. 2014;144:352-8.
Nouarie M, Pourshams A, Kamangar F, Sotoudeh M, Derakhshan MH, Akbari MR, Fakheri H, Zahedi MJ, Caldwell K, Abnet CC, Taylor PR, Malekzadeh R, Dawsey SM. Ecologic study of serum selenium and upper gastrointestinal cancers in Iran.external icon World J Gastroenterol. 2004;10(17):2544-6.
Palchetti CZ, Paniz C, de Carli E, Marchioni DM, Colli C, Steluti J, Pfeiffer CM, Fazili Z, Guerra-Shinohara EM. Association between serum unmetabolized folic acid concentrations and folic acid from fortified foodsexternal icon. J Am Coll Nutr. 2017;36(7):572-8. DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2017.1333929.
Paniz C, Lucena MR, Bertinato JF, Lourenco FR, Barros BCA, Gomes GW, Figueiredo MS, Cancado R, D’Avila VLB, Pfeiffer CM, Fazili Z, et al. Daily supplementation with 5 mg of folic acid in Brazilian patients with hereditary spherocytosisexternal icon. J Invest Med. 2019. DOI: 10.1136/jim-2019-001025.
Paniz C, Bertinato JF, Lucen MR, de Carli E, Amorim PM, Gomes GWW, Palchetti CZ, Figueiredo MS, Pfeiffer CM, Fazili Z, Green R, Guerra-Shinohara EM. A daily dose of 5 mg of folic acid for 90 days is associated with increased serum unmetabolized folic acid and reduced natural killer cell cytotoxicity in healthy Brazilian adultsexternal icon. J Nutr. 2017;147:1677-85.
Prasodjo A, Pfeiffer CM, Fazili Z, Xu Y, Liddy S, Yolton K, Savitz DA, Lanphear BP, Braun JM. Serum cotinine and whole blood folate concentrations in pregnancyexternal icon. Ann Epidemiol. 2014;24:498-503.
Rosenthal J, Lopez-Pazos E, Dowling NF, Pfeiffer CM, Mulinare J, Vellozzi C, Zhang M, LaVoie DJ, Molina R, Ramirez N, Reeve M-E. Folate and vitamin B12 deficiency among non-pregnant women of childbearing-age in Guatemala 2009-2010: prevalence and identification of vulnerable populationsexternal icon. Matern Child Health J. 2015;19:2272-85.
Rosenthal J, Milla G, Flores A, Yon M, Pfeiffer CM, Umana E, Scarrett N, Barahona F, The Cooperative Folic Acid Research Group, et al. Effect of different dosage and administration schedules of folic acid on blood folate levels in a population of Honduran women of reproductive ageexternal icon. Pub Health Nutr. 2008;11:822-30.
Rosenthal JM, Kim J, de Monasterio F, Thompson DJ, Bone RA, Landrum JT, de Moura FF, Khachik F, Chen H, Schleicher RL, Ferris FL 3rd, Chew EY. Dose-ranging study of lutein supplementation in persons aged 60 years or older.external icon Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2006;47(12):5227-33. Erratum in: Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2007 Jan;48(1):17. de Monastario, Francisco [corrected to de Monasterio, Francisco].
Sutter ME, Thomas JD, Caldwell KL, Makhmudov A, Morgan BW. Selenosis from nutritional supplement formulation errorexternal icon. Clin Toxicol. 2008;46(7):598.
Taren DL, Duncan B, Shrestha K, Shrestha N, Genaro-Wolf D, Schleicher RL, Pfeiffer CM, Sowell AL, Greivenkamp J, Canfield L. The night vision threshold test is a better predictor of low serum vitamin A concentration than self-reported night blindness in pregnant urban Nepalese womenexternal icon. J Nutr. 2004;134(10):2573-8.
Vanderlee L, Reid JL, White CM, Acton RB, Kirkpatrick SI, Pao CI, Rybak ME, Hammond D. Evaluation of a 24-Hour Caffeine Intake Assessment Compared with Urinary Biomarkers of Caffeine Intake among Young Adults in Canadaexternal icon. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2018;118:2245-53. DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2018.07.016.
Wang C-Y, Carriquiry AL, Chen T-C, Loria CM, Pfeiffer CM, Liu, K, Sempos, CT, Perrine CG, Cogswell ME. Estimating the population distribution of usual 24-hour sodium excretion from timed urine void specimens using a statistical approach accounting for correlated measurement errorsexternal icon. J Nutr. 2015;145:1017-24. DOI: 10.3945/jn.114.206250.
Wang CY, Cogswell ME, Loria CM, Chen TC, Pfeiffer CM, Swanson CA, Caldwell KL, Perrine CG, Carriquiry AL, Liu, K, Sempos CT, Gillespie CD, Burt VL. Urinary excretion of sodium, potassium, and chloride, but not iodine, varies by timing of collection in a 24-hour calibration studyexternal icon. J Nutr. 2013;143:1276-82.
Wolff MS, Pajak A, Pinney SM, Windham GC, Galvez M, Rybak M, Silva MJ, Ye X, Calafat AM, Kushi LH, Biro FM, Teitelbaum SL. Breast Cancer and Environment Research Program. Associations of urinary phthalate and phenol biomarkers with menarche in a multiethnic cohort of young girlsexternal icon. Reprod Toxicol. 2017;67:56-64. DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2016.11.009.
Wolff MS, Teitelbaum SL, McGovern K, Pinney SM, Windham GC, Galvez M, Pajak A, Rybak M, Calafat AM, Kushi LH, Biro FM. Breast Cancer and Environment Research Program. Environmental phenols and pubertal development in girlsexternal icon. Environ Int. 2015;84:174-80. DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2015.08.008.
Wolff MS, Teitelbaum SL, Pinney SM, Windham G, Liao L, Biro F, Kushi LH, Erdmann C, Hiatt RA, Rybak ME, Calafat AM; Breast Cancer and Environment Research Centers. Investigation of relationships between urinary biomarkers of phytoestrogens, phthalates, and phenols and pubertal stages in girlsexternal icon. Environ Health Perspect. 2010;118:1039-46. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.0901690.
Wolff MS, Teitelbaum SL, Windham G, Pinney SM, Britton JA, Chelimo C, Godbold J, Biro F, Kushi LH, Pfeiffer CM, Calafat AM, et al. Pilot study of urinary biomarkers of phytoestrogens, phthalates, and phenols in girlsexternal icon. Environ Health Perspect. 2007;115:116-21.
Yard EE, Daniel JH, Lewis LS, Rybak ME, Paliakov EM, Kim AA, Montgomery JM, Bunnell R, Abudo MU, Akhwale W, Breiman RF, Sharif SK. Human aflatoxin exposure in Kenya, 2007: a cross-sectional study. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assessexternal icon. 2013;30:1322-31. DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2013.789558.

Bailey LB, Stover PJ, McNulty H, Fenech MF, Gregory III JF, Mills JL, Pfeiffer CM, Fazili Z, Zhang M, et al. Biomarkers of nutrition for development – folate reviewexternal icon. J Nutr. 2015;145:1636S-80S.
Lynch S, Pfeiffer CM, Georgieff M, Brittenham G, Fairweather-Tait S, Hurrell RF, McArdle HJ, Raiten DJ. Biomarkers of Nutrition for Development (BOND) – Iron reviewexternal icon. J Nutr. 2018;148:1001S-1067S.
McCarver G, Bhatia J, Chambers C, Clarke R, Etzel R, Foster W, Hoyer P, Leeder JS, Peters JM, Rissman E, Rybak M, Sherman C, Toppari J, Turner K. NTP-CERHR expert panel report on the developmental toxicity of soy infant formulaexternal icon. Birth Defects Res B Dev Reprod Toxicol. 2011;92:421-68. DOI: 10.1002/bdrb.20314.
NACB LMPG Committee members, Myers GL, Christenson RH, Cushman M, Ballantyne CM, Cooper GR, Pfeiffer CM, Grundy SM, Labarthe DR, Levy D, Rifai N, Wilson PW. National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory Medicine Practice Guidelines: emerging biomarkers for primary prevention of cardiovascular diseaseexternal icon. Clin Chem. 2009;55(2):378-84.
Pfeiffer CM, Zhang M, Jabbar S. Framework for laboratory harmonization of folate measurements in low-and-middle-income countries and regionsexternal icon. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2018;1414:96-108. DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13532.
Pfeiffer CM, Lacher DA, Schleicher RL, Johnson CL, Yetley EA. Challenges and lessons learned in generating and interpreting NHANES nutritional biomarker dataexternal icon. Adv Nutr. 2017;8:290–307.
Pfeiffer CM, Schleicher RL, and Caldwell KL. Biochemical indices. In: Caballero B, editor. Enzyclopedia of Human Nutrition, 3^rd Waltham, MA: Academic Press. 2013. Vol 1, pp. 156-174.
Rogers LR, Cordero AM, Pfeiffer CM, Hausman DB, Tsang BL, De-Regil LM, Rosenthal J, Razzaghi H, Wong EC, Weakland AP, and Bailey LB. Global folate status in women of reproductive age: a systematic review with emphasis on methodological issuesexternal icon. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2018;1431:35-57. DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13963.
Roth DE, Abrams, S.A,external icon Aloia, J, Bergeron, G, Bourassa, MW, Brown, KH, Calvo, MS, Cashman, KD, Combs, G, De-Regil, LM, Jefferds, ME, Jones, KS, Kapner, H, Martineau, AR, Neufeld, LM, Schleicher, RL, Thacher, TD, Whiting, SJ. Global prevalence and disease burden of vitamin D deficiency: a roadmap for action in low- and middle-income countriesexternal icon. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2018;1430(1):44-79.

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