Archived Interventions
The CDC’s Division of HIV Prevention (DHP) promotes a High Impact Prevention (HIP) approach.
HIP interventions are:
- Scientifically proven
- Cost-effective
- Scalable
In 2015 the Prevention Research Synthesis (PRS) Project shifted focus to evaluating only the efficacy of interventions for these populations:
- Black or African American women
- Men who have sex with men (MSM)
- People with HIV (PWH)
- People who use drugs (PWUD)
- Transgender persons
PRS has a Risk Reduction archival policy. Interventions published >10 years ago will be moved from main RR Chapter if that study does not meet one of the following criteria:
- Study population includes
- Black or African American women
- Men who have sex with men (MSM)
- People with HIV (PWH)
- People who use drugs (PWUD)
- Transgender persons
- Intervention is a supported EBI by the CDC (see the Effective Interventions website)
Archived interventions can be found by clicking on the archived interventions box in the Search function
Complete List of Archived Risk Reduction Evidence-based Behavioral Interventions
- Assisting in Rehabilitating Kids (ARK) [PDF – 685 KB]
Good
Target population: Substance-dependent adolescents
Intervention level: Group-level
Year published: 2002
First author: Janet St. Lawrence
Study years: 1995 – 1999 - Becoming a Responsible Teen (BART) [PDF – 680 KB]
Best
Target population: African American adolescents
Intervention level: Group-level
Year published: 1995
First author: Janet St. Lawrence
Study years: Not reported - Be Proud! Be Responsible! [PDF – 676 KB]
Best
Target population: Inner-city African American male adolescents
Intervention level: Group-level
Year published: 1992
First author: John B. Jemmott
Study years: 1988 – 1989 - Brief Alcohol Intervention for Needle Exchangers (BRAINE) [PDF – 679 KB]
Good
Target population: Active injection drug users (IDUs) who are also heavy alcohol users
Intervention level: Individual-level
Year published: 2002
First author: Michael D. Stein
Study years: 1998 – 2000 - Centering Pregnancy Plus (CPP) [PDF – 657 KB]
Best
Intended population: Young pregnant women receiving prenatal care
Intervention level: Group-level
Year published: 2009
Author: Trace S. Kershaw
Study years: 2001 – 2004 - Choices [PDF – 676 KB]
Best
Target population: Low-income heterosexually active women
Intervention level: Group-level
Year published: 2003
First author: Sharon A. Baker
Study years: 1994 – 1996 - Cognitive Behavioral STD/HIV Risk-Reduction [PDF – 688 KB]
Good
Target population: Heterosexual adult STD clinic patients
Intervention level: Individual-level
Year published: 1997
First author: Cherrie B. Boyer
Study years: 1992 – 1993 - Communal Effectance-AIDS Prevention (CE-AP) [PDF – 685 KB]
Best
Target population: Low-income, single, inner-city females attending urban clinics
Intervention level: Group-level
Year published: 2002
First author: Stevan E. Hobfoll
Study years: 1995 – 1999 - Condom Promotion [PDF – 675 KB]
Good
Target population: Young unmarried college women
Intervention level: Group-level
Year published: 1996
First author: Angela D. Bryan
Study years: Not reported - Connect: Couples [PDF – 239 KB]
Best
Intended population: Minority, inner-city heterosexual couples
Intervention level: Group-level
Year published: 2003
Author: Nabila El-Bassel
Study years: 1997 – 2001 - Connect: Woman Alone [PDF – 377 KB]
Best
Target Population: Minority, inner-city heterosexual couples
Intervention level: Individual-level
Year published: 2003
Author: Nabila El-Bassel
Study years: 1997 – 2001 - ¡Cuídate! [PDF – 281 KB]
Best
Target Population: Latino youth
Intervention level: Group-level
Year published: 2006
Author: Antonia M. Villarruel
Study years: 2000 – 2003 - Doing Something Different [PDF – 898 KB]
Good
Target population: Inner-city STD clinic patients
Intervention level: Group-level
Year published: 1992
First author: Deborah A. Cohen
Study years: 1988 – 1989 - EXPLORE [PDF – 779 KB]
Best
Target population: HIV-seronegative men who have sex with men (MSM)
Intervention level: Individual-level
Year published: 2004
First author: Beryl Koblin
Study years: 1999 – 2003 - Female Condom Skills Training (FEMIT) [PDF – 261 KB]
Best
Target Population: HIV-negative heterosexual women attending family planning clinics
Intervention level: Group-level
Year published: 2008
Author: Kyung-Hee Choi
Study years: 2003 – 2005 - Female and Culturally Specific Negotiation [PDF – 683 KB]
Best
Target population: Inner city, HIV-negative, heterosexually active African American female drug injectors and crack cocaine smokers
Intervention level: Individual-level
Year published: 2003
First author: Claire Sterk
Study years: 1998 – 2001 - FIO (The Future Is Ours) [PDF – 951 KB]
Best
Target population: Heterosexual women in family planning clinics
Intervention level: Group-level
Year published: 2002
First author: Anke A. Ehrhardt
Study years: 1994 – 1997 - Focus on the Future [PDF – 913 KB]
Best
Intended population: Young African American heterosexual men newly diagnosed with an STD
Intervention level: Individual-level
Year published: 2009
Author: Richard A. Crosby
Study years: 2004 – 2006 - Focus on Youth (FOY) [PDF – 797 KB]
Good
Target population: Low-income, urban African American youth
Intervention level: Group-level
Year published: 1996
First author: Bonita Stanton
Study years: 1993 – 1996 - Focus on Youth (FOY) + ImPACT [PDF – 259 KB]
Best
Target population: High-risk African American youth in low-income urban community sites
Intervention level: Group-level
Year published: 2004
First author: Bonita Stanton
Study years: 1999 – 2002 - Health Improvement Project (HIP) [PDF – 682 KB]
Best
Target population: Psychiatric outpatients receiving care for mental illness
Intervention level: Group-level
Year published: 2004
First author: Michael P. Carey
Study years: 1997 – 2000 - HIV Education and Testing [PDF – 687 KB]
Good
Target population: Inner-city sexually active heterosexual STD clinic patients
Intervention level: Individual-level
Year published: 1991
First author: Neil S. Wenger
Study years: 1988 - HoMBReS [PDF – 1 MB]
Best
Intended population: Recently immigrated, sexually active heterosexual Latino men in rural areas
Intervention level: Community-level
Year published: 2009
Author: Scott D. Rhodes
Study years: 2003 – 2007 - HORIZONS [PDF – 912 KB]
Best
Intended population: Heterosexually active African American adolescent females seeking sexual health services
Intervention level: Group-level
Year published: 2009
Author: Ralph DiClemente
Study years: 2002 – 2006 - Hot, Healthy and Keepin’ it UP! [PDF – 1 MB] (previously known as Brief Group Counseling)
Best
Target population: Asian and Pacific Islander (API) men who have sex with men (MSM)
Intervention level: Group-level
Year published: 1996
First author: Kyung-Hee Choi
Study years: 1992 – 1994 - Insights [PDF – 778 KB]
Good
Target population: Heterosexually active, non-monogamous, young women
Intervention level: Individual-level
Year published: 2003
First author: Delia Scholes
Study years: 1999 – 2000 - Intensive AIDS Education [PDF – 685 KB]
Good
Target population: Incarcerated, male adolescent drug users
Intervention level: Group-level
Year published: 1994
First author: Stephen Magura
Study years: 1991 – 1992 - “light” [PDF – 693 KB]
Best
Target population: Sexually active, low-income, inner-city clinic patients at high-risk for HIV and STD infection
Intervention level: Group-level
Year published: 1998
First author: NIMH Multisite HIV Prevention Trial Group
Study years: 1994 – 1997 - Modelo de Intervención Psicomédica (MIP) [PDF – 952 KB]
Best
Target population: Hispanic injection drug users
Intervention level: Individual-level
Year published: 2004
First author: Rafaela Robles
Study years: 1998 – 2001 - Motivational Interviewing-Based HIV Risk Reduction [PDF – 263 KB]
Best
Target Population: Recently incarcerated, HIV-negative women at risk for HIV
Intervention level: Individual-level
Year published: 2009
Author: Brian W. Weir
Study years: 2001 – 2005 - Nia [PDF – 938 KB]
Good
Target population: Inner-city heterosexually active, African American men
Intervention level: Group-level
Year published: 1999
First author: Seth Kalichman
Study years: 1994 - Preventing AIDS through Live Movement and Sound (PALMS) [PDF – 236 KB]
Good
Intended population: Male adolescents awaiting adjudication in juvenile justice facilities
Intervention level: Group-level
Year published: 2010
Author: Jennifer Lauby
Study years: 2005 – 2006 - Project START [PDF – 237 KB]
Best
Intended population: Young men soon to be released from prison
Intervention level: Individual-level
Year published: 2006
Author: Richard J. Wolitski
Study years: 2001 – 2003 - Real AIDS Prevention Project (RAPP) [PDF – 898 KB]
Good
Target population: Sexually active, low-income women of reproductive age in inner city communities
Intervention level: Community-level
Year published: 2000
First author: Jennifer L. Lauby
Study years: 1993 – 1996 - Responsible, Empowered, Aware, Living Men (REAL Men) [PDF – 260 KB]
Good
Target Population: African American adolescent boys ages 11 to 14 and their fathers
Intervention level: Group-level
Year published: 2007
Author: Colleen DiIorio
Study years: 2000 – 2004 - Real Men Are Safe (ReMAS) [PDF – 251 KB]
Good
Target Population: Sexually active men in drug treatment
Intervention level: Group-level
Year published: 2009
Author: Donald Calsyn
Study years: 2004 – 2006 - RESPECT: Brief Counseling Booster [PDF – 943 KB]
Best
Target population: Sexually active, HIV-negative STD clinic patients
Intervention level: Individual-level
Year published: 2005
First author: Carol A. Metcalf
Study years: 1999 – 2002 - RESPECT: Brief Counseling [PDF – 977 KB]
Best
Target population: Heterosexual, HIV-negative STD clinic patients
Intervention level: Individual-level
Year published: 1998
First author: Mary L. Kamb
Study years: 1993 – 1996 - RESPECT: Enhanced Counseling [PDF – 977 KB]
Good
Target population: Heterosexual, HIV-negative STD clinic patients
Intervention level: Individual-level
Year published: 1998
First author: Mary L. Kamb
Study years: 1993 – 1996 - SAFE (Standard Version) [PDF – 940 KB]
Best
Target population: Mexican American and African American women diagnosed with gonorrhea, chlamydia, syphilis or trichomonas in public health clinics
Intervention level: Group-level
Year published: 1999
First author: Rochelle N. Shain
Study years: 1996 – 2000 - Safe on the Outs [PDF – 272 KB]
Good
Target Population: Adolescents in juvenile detention facilities
Intervention level: Group-level
Year published: 2009
Author: Angela D. Bryan
Study years: 2004 – 2006 - Safer Sex [PDF – 932 KB]
Good
Target population: Adolescent females diagnosed with an STD
Intervention level: Individual-level
Year published: 2001
First author: Lydia A. Shrier
Study years: 1996 – 1999 - Safer Sex Skills Building (SSSB) [PDF – 311 KB]
Good
Target Population: Heterosexually active women in drug treatment
Intervention level: Group-level
Year published: 2008
Author: Susan Tross
Study years: 2004 – 2006 - Safety Counts [PDF – 964 KB]
Good
Target population: Out-of-treatment active crack and injection drug users
Intervention level: Group-level
Year published: 2000
First author: Fen Rhodes
Study years: 1992 – 1996 - Self-Help in Eliminating Life-Threatening Diseases (SHIELD) [PDF – 256 KB]
Best
Target population: Low-income African American drug users
Intervention level: Group-level
Year published: 2003
First author: Carl Latkin
Study years: 1997 – 1999 - SEPA [PDF – 946 KB]
Good
Target population: Low-income, urban Mexican and Puerto Rican women
Intervention level: Group-level
Year published: 2005
First author: Nilda Pergallo
Study years: 1999 – 2001 - Seropositive Urban Men’s Intervention Trial (SUMIT) [PDF – 783 KB]
Best
Target population: HIV+ men who have sex with men (MSM)
Intervention level: Group-level
Year published: 2005
First author: Richard J. Wolitski
Study years: 2000 – 2002 - Sistering, Informing, Healing, Living, and Empowering (SiHLE) [PDF – 251 KB]
Best
Target population: Sexually experienced African American adolescent girls
Intervention level: Group-level
Year published: 2004
First author: Ralph J. DiClemente
Study years: 1995 – 2002 - Sisters Saving Sisters [PDF – 678 KB]
Best
Target population: Sexually active African American and Latina adolescent female patients at family planning clinics
Intervention level: Group-level
Year published: 2005
First author: John B. Jemmott
Study years: Not reported - Sister-to-Sister: Group Skills-building [PDF – 293 KB]
Best
Target Population: Inner-city African American female clinic patients
Intervention level: Group-level
Year published: 2007
Author: John B. Jemmott
Study years: 1993 – 1996 - Sniffer [PDF – 942 KB]
Good
Target population: Intranasal heroin users
Intervention level: Group-level
Year published: 1992
First author: Don C. Des Jarlais
Study years: 1986 – 1988 - Street Smart [PDF – 953 KB]
Good
Target population: Runaway youth
Intervention level: Group-level
Year published: 1991
First author: Mary Jane Rotheram-Borus
Study years: 1988 – 1991 - Teen Health Project [PDF – 940 KB]
Good
Target population: Adolescents at high risk for HIV who live in urban, low-income housing developments
Intervention level: Community-level
Year published: 2005
First author: Kathleen Sikkema
Study years: 1998 – 2000 - Together Learning Choices (TLC)
Good
Target population: HIV-positive adolescent and young adult clinic patients
Intervention level: Group-level
Year published: 2001
First author: Mary Jane Rotheram-Borus
Study years: 1994 – 1996 - Women’s Co-Op [PDF – 682 KB]
Best
Target population: African American women who use crack and are not in drug treatment
Intervention level: Group-level
Year published: 2004
First author: Wendee Wechsberg
Study years: 1999 – 2002 - Women’s Health Promotion (WHP) [PDF – 683 KB]
Best
Target population: HIV-negative heterosexual Hispanic women
Intervention level: Group-level
Year published: 2001
First author: Anita Raj
Study years: Not reported
