Malaria Information and Prophylaxis, by Country [L]
| Country | Areas with Malaria | Drug Resistance2 | Malaria Species3 | Recommended Chemoprophylaxis4 | Key Information Needed and Helpful Links to Assess Need for Prophylaxis for Select Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Laos | All, except none in the city of Vientiane. | Chloroquine and Mefloquine |
P, vivax 55%; P. falciparum 45%; P. knowlesi 7 P. malariae, and P. ovale rare |
Along the Laos-Burma (Myanmar) border in the provinces of Bokeo and Louang Namtha and along the Laos-Thailand border in the provinces of Champasak and Salavan, along the Laos-Cambodia border, and along the Laos-Vietnam border: Atovaquone-proguanil doxycycline, or tafenoquine5. All other areas with malaria: Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, or tafenoquine5. | City(ies) of travel Administrative divisions of Laosexternal icon Map of Laosexternal icon |
| Latvia | None | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | |
| Lebanon | None | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | |
| Lesotho | None | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | |
| Liberia | All | Chloroquine | Primarily P. falciparum. Less commonly, P. malariae, P. ovale, or P. vivax | Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, or tafenoquine5 | |
| Libya | None | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | |
| Liechtenstein | None | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | |
| Lithuania | None | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | |
| Luxembourg | None | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | Not Applicable |
1. Factors that affect local malaria transmission patterns can change rapidly and from year to year, such as local weather conditions, mosquito vector density, and prevalence of infection. Information in these tables is updated regularly.
2. Refers to P. falciparum malaria unless otherwise noted.
3. Estimates of malaria species are based on best available data from multiple sources. Where proportions are not available, the primary species and less common species are identified.
4. Several medications are available for chemoprophylaxis. When deciding which drug to use, consider specific itinerary, length of trip, cost of drug, previous adverse reactions to antimalarials, drug allergies, and current medical history. All travelers should seek medical attention in the event of fever during or after return from travel to areas with malaria.
5. Primaquine and tafenoquine can cause hemolytic anemia in persons with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. Before prescribing primaquine or tafenoquine, patients must be screened for G6PD deficiency using a quantitative test.
6. Mosquito avoidance includes applying topical mosquito repellant, sleeping under an insecticide treated bed net, and wearing protective clothing (e.g., long pants and socks, long sleeve shirt). For additional details on mosquito avoidance, see: https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/travelers/index.html
7. P. knowlesi is a malaria species with a simian host (macaque). Human cases have been reported from most countries in Southeast Asia and are associated with activities in forest or forest-fringe areas. This species of malaria has no known resistance to antimalarials.