Malaria Information and Prophylaxis, by Country [M]
| Country | Areas with Malaria | Drug Resistance2 | Malaria Species3 | Recommended Chemoprophylaxis4 | Key Information Needed and Helpful Links to Assess Need for Prophylaxis for Select Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Macau SAR (China) | None | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | |
| Macedonia | None | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | |
| Madagascar | All areas, except rare cases in Antananarivo. | Chloroquine | Primarily P. falciparum. Less commonly, P. ovale or P. vivax |
All areas except Antananarivo: Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, or tafenoquine5.
Antananarivo: None (mosquito avoidance only.)6 |
|
| Madeira Islands (Portugal) | None | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | |
| Malawi | All | Chloroquine | Primarily P. falciparum. Less commonly P. malariae, P. ovale, or P. vivax |
Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, or tafenoquine5 | |
| Malaysia | No indigenous cases of human malaria since 2017; zoonotic transmission of simian malaria occurs in rural, forested areas. None in Georgetown, Kuala Lampur, and Penang State (includes Penang Island). | Previously, chloroquine | Primarily P. knowlesi.7 Previously, P. falciparum, P. malariae, P. ovale, or P. vivax |
Rural, forested areas: Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, or tafenoquine5 | 1) City(ies) of travel 2) Province(s) of travel Map of states of Malaysia to determine if a city is within a certain stateexternal icon |
| Maldives | None | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | |
| Mali | All | Chloroquine | Primarily P. falciparum. Less commonly, P. malariae, P. ovale, or P. vivax |
Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, or tafenoquine5 | |
| Malta | None | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | |
| Marshall Islands | None | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | |
| Martinique (France) | None | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | |
| Mauritania | All areas except Dakhlet-Nouadhibou and Tiris-Zemour in the north | Chloroquine | Primarily P. falciparum. Less commonly, P. malariae, P. ovale, or P. vivax | Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, or tafenoquine5 | 1) City(ies) of travel 2) Province(s) of travel Map of regions in Mauritania to determine if a city is within a certain regionexternal icon |
| Mauritius | None | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | |
| Mayotte (France) | Rare cases | Chloroquine | Primarily P. falciparum. Less commonly, P. malariae, P. ovale, or P. vivax | None (mosquito avoidance only)6 | |
| Mexico | Present in Chiapas and southern part of Chihuahua. Rare cases in Campeche, Durango, Nayarit, Quintana Roo, Sinaloa, Sonora, and Tabasco. No malaria along the United States-Mexico border. |
None | P. vivax 100% | States of Chiapas and southern part of Chihuahua: Atovaquone-proguanil, chloroquine, doxycycline, mefloquine, primaquine,5 or tafenoquine5. Other areas with malaria: None (mosquito avoidance only)6
|
State(s) of travel
Map of states of Mexico to determine if a city is within a certain stateexternal icon |
| Micronesia, Federated States of; Includes: Yap Islands, Pohnpei, Chuuk, and Kosrae | None | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | |
| Moldova | None | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | |
| Monaco | None | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | |
| Mongolia | None | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | |
| Montenegro | None | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | |
| Montserrat (U.K.) | None | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | |
| Morocco | None | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | Not Applicable | |
| Mozambique | All | Chloroquine | Primarily P. falciparum. Less commonly, P. malariae, P. ovale, or P. vivax | Atovaquone-proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, or tafenoquine5 |
1. Factors that affect local malaria transmission patterns can change rapidly and from year to year, such as local weather conditions, mosquito vector density, and prevalence of infection. Information in these tables is updated regularly.
2. Refers to P. falciparum malaria unless otherwise noted.
3. Estimates of malaria species are based on best available data from multiple sources. Where proportions are not available, the primary species and less common species are identified.
4. Several medications are available for chemoprophylaxis. When deciding which drug to use, consider specific itinerary, length of trip, cost of drug, previous adverse reactions to antimalarials, drug allergies, and current medical history. All travelers should seek medical attention in the event of fever during or after return from travel to areas with malaria.
5. Primaquine and tafenoquine can cause hemolytic anemia in persons with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. Before prescribing primaquine or tafenoquine, patients must be screened for G6PD deficiency using a quantitative test.
6. Mosquito avoidance includes applying topical mosquito repellant, sleeping under an insecticide treated bed net, and wearing protective clothing (e.g., long pants and socks, long sleeve shirt). For additional details on mosquito avoidance, see: https://www.cdc.gov/malaria/travelers/index.html
7. P. knowlesi is a malaria species with a simian host (macaque). Human cases have been reported from most countries in Southeast Asia and are associated with activities in forest or forest-fringe areas. This species of malaria has no known resistance to antimalarials.