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Reported Tuberculosis in the United States, 2021
Table 30. Characteristics of Tuberculosis Cases in GENType Clusters1 by Alert Levels Based on Log-Likelihood Ratio (LLR):2 United States, 2019–2021
See Surveillance Slide #62.
| Characteristics | Unique | Clustered | Alert levels for clustered cases3 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-alerted | Medium | High | ||||||||
| (LLR <5) | (LLR 5 – <10) | (LLR >=10) | ||||||||
| No. | (%) | No. | (%) | No. | (%) | No. | (%) | No. | (%) | |
| Total | 15,025 | (80.8) | 3,565 | (19.2) | 2,200 | (61.7) | 836 | (23.5) | 529 | (14.8) |
| Origin of birth4 | ||||||||||
| U.S.-born | 3,266 | (65.4) | 1,726 | (34.6) | 782 | (45.3) | 528 | (30.6) | 416 | (24.1) |
| Non-U.S.–born | 11,723 | (86.5) | 1,828 | (13.5) | 1,409 | (77.1) | 307 | (16.8) | 112 | (6.1) |
| Unknown or missing | 36 | (76.6) | 11 | (23.4) | 9 | (81.8) | 1 | (9.1) | 1 | (9.1) |
| Race and ethnicity5 | ||||||||||
| Hispanic or Latino | 4,308 | (77.1) | 1,277 | (22.9) | 846 | (66.2) | 292 | (22.9) | 139 | (10.9) |
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 85 | (45.7) | 101 | (54.3) | 15 | (14.9) | 21 | (20.8) | 65 | (64.4) |
| Asian | 6,098 | (88.3) | 810 | (11.7) | 700 | (86.4) | 100 | (12.3) | 10 | (1.2) |
| Black or African American | 2,514 | (74.1) | 880 | (25.9) | 385 | (43.8) | 287 | (32.6) | 208 | (23.6) |
| Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 112 | (47.5) | 124 | (52.5) | 64 | (51.6) | 30 | (24.2) | 30 | (24.2) |
| White | 1,709 | (83.9) | 329 | (16.1) | 162 | (49.2) | 95 | (28.9) | 72 | (21.9) |
| Multiple race | 131 | (85.6) | 22 | (14.4) | 12 | (54.5) | 5 | (22.7) | 5 | (22.7) |
| Unknown or missing | 68 | (75.6) | 22 | (24.4) | 16 | (72.7) | 6 | (27.3) | 0 | (0.0) |
| Age group, years | ||||||||||
| 0–4 | 66 | (38.4) | 106 | (61.6) | 49 | (46.2) | 37 | (34.9) | 20 | (18.9) |
| 5–14 | 121 | (65.8) | 63 | (34.2) | 34 | (54.0) | 19 | (30.2) | 10 | (15.9) |
| 15–24 | 1,344 | (76.4) | 416 | (23.6) | 251 | (60.3) | 120 | (28.8) | 45 | (10.8) |
| 25–44 | 4,304 | (79.2) | 1,127 | (20.8) | 643 | (57.1) | 294 | (26.1) | 190 | (16.9) |
| 45–64 | 4,468 | (79.0) | 1,185 | (21.0) | 726 | (61.3) | 256 | (21.6) | 203 | (17.1) |
| ≥65 | 4,722 | (87.6) | 668 | (12.4) | 497 | (74.4) | 110 | (16.5) | 61 | (9.1) |
| Disease site | ||||||||||
| Pulmonary only | 10,543 | (79.6) | 2,702 | (20.4) | 1,620 | (60.0) | 687 | (25.4) | 395 | (14.6) |
| Extrapulmonary | 2,507 | (86.2) | 403 | (13.8) | 274 | (68.0) | 61 | (15.1) | 68 | (16.9) |
| Both | 1,967 | (81.0) | 460 | (19.0) | 306 | (66.5) | 88 | (19.1) | 66 | (14.3) |
| Unknown | 8 | (100.0) | 0 | (0.0) | 0 | … | 0 | … | 0 | … |
| Sputum smear | ||||||||||
| Positive | 7,221 | (78.8) | 1,941 | (21.2) | 1,152 | (59.4) | 491 | (25.3) | 298 | (15.4) |
| Negative | 6,092 | (83.0) | 1,249 | (17.0) | 836 | (66.9) | 255 | (20.4) | 158 | (12.7) |
| Not done | 1,688 | (81.9) | 374 | (18.1) | 211 | (56.4) | 90 | (24.1) | 73 | (19.5) |
| Unknown or missing | 24 | (96.0) | 1 | (4.0) | 1 | (100.0) | 0 | (0.0) | 0 | (0.0) |
| Cavitary disease6 | ||||||||||
| Yes | 158 | (78.6) | 43 | (21.4) | 29 | (67.4) | 7 | (16.3) | 7 | (16.3) |
| No | 1,329 | (79.6) | 341 | (20.4) | 232 | (68.0) | 62 | (18.2) | 47 | (13.8) |
| Unknown or missing | 16 | (72.7) | 6 | (27.3) | 3 | (50.0) | 2 | (33.3) | 1 | (16.7) |
| Homeless within past year | ||||||||||
| Yes | 510 | (61.2) | 324 | (38.8) | 168 | (51.9) | 75 | (23.1) | 81 | (25.0) |
| No | 14,371 | (81.8) | 3,198 | (18.2) | 2,010 | (62.9) | 750 | (23.5) | 438 | (13.7) |
| Unknown or missing | 144 | (77.0) | 43 | (23.0) | 22 | (51.2) | 11 | (25.6) | 10 | (23.3) |
| Excess alcohol use within past year | ||||||||||
| Yes | 1,109 | (67.7) | 530 | (32.3) | 243 | (45.8) | 153 | (28.9) | 134 | (25.3) |
| No | 13,675 | (82.2) | 2,956 | (17.8) | 1,907 | (64.5) | 665 | (22.5) | 384 | (13.0) |
| Unknown or missing | 241 | (75.3) | 79 | (24.7) | 50 | (63.3) | 18 | (22.8) | 11 | (13.9) |
| Injecting drug use within past year | ||||||||||
| Yes | 107 | (51.2) | 102 | (48.8) | 57 | (55.9) | 26 | (25.5) | 19 | (18.6) |
| No | 14,672 | (81.3) | 3,383 | (18.7) | 2,093 | (61.9) | 792 | (23.4) | 498 | (14.7) |
| Unknown or missing | 246 | (75.5) | 80 | (24.5) | 50 | (62.5) | 18 | (22.5) | 12 | (15.0) |
| Noninjecting drug use within past year | ||||||||||
| Yes | 771 | (57.3) | 575 | (42.7) | 266 | (46.3) | 152 | (26.4) | 157 | (27.3) |
| No | 14,009 | (82.8) | 2,913 | (17.2) | 1,891 | (64.9) | 663 | (22.8) | 359 | (12.3) |
| Unknown or missing | 245 | (76.1) | 77 | (23.9) | 43 | (55.8) | 21 | (27.3) | 13 | (16.9) |
| Resident of a correctional facility at time of diagnosis | ||||||||||
| Yes | 296 | (69.0) | 133 | (31.0) | 50 | (37.6) | 27 | (20.3) | 56 | (42.1) |
| No | 14,632 | (81.1) | 3,403 | (18.9) | 2,128 | (62.5) | 805 | (23.7) | 470 | (13.8) |
| Unknown or missing | 97 | (77.0) | 29 | (23.0) | 22 | (75.9) | 4 | (13.8) | 3 | (10.3) |
| HIV status | ||||||||||
| Positive | 604 | (77.3) | 177 | (22.7) | 92 | (52.0) | 39 | (22.0) | 46 | (26.0) |
| Negative | 12,811 | (80.3) | 3,135 | (19.7) | 1,943 | (62.0) | 735 | (23.4) | 457 | (14.6) |
| Refused | 313 | (88.9) | 39 | (11.1) | 22 | (56.4) | 15 | (38.5) | 2 | (5.1) |
| Not offered | 923 | (84.7) | 167 | (15.3) | 113 | (67.7) | 38 | (22.8) | 16 | (9.6) |
| Unknown, missing or indeterminate | 374 | (88.8) | 47 | (11.2) | 30 | (63.8) | 9 | (19.1) | 8 | (17.0) |
| Multidrug-resistant TB | ||||||||||
| Yes | 179 | (81.0) | 42 | (19.0) | 28 | (66.7) | 7 | (16.7) | 7 | (16.7) |
| No | 14,414 | (80.7) | 3,444 | (19.3) | 2,126 | (61.7) | 810 | (23.5) | 508 | (14.8) |
| Unknown or missing | 432 | (84.5) | 79 | (15.5) | 46 | (58.2) | 19 | (24.1) | 14 | (17.7) |
1GENType clusters have two or more cases with matching spoligotype and 24-locus mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit-variable number tandem repeat (MIRU-VNTR) type within a county during the specified 3-year time period.
2Alert levels are based on a log-likelihood ratio, which calculates the geographical concentration of a genotype in a county compared to the rest of the country during a 3-year period.
3There were 3,565 cases in 1,241 clusters: 529 cases were in 56 (4.5%) high alert clusters; 836 cases were in 279 (22.5%) medium alert clusters, and 2,200 cases were in 906 (73.0%) non-alert clusters.
4Persons born in the United States, certain U.S. territories, or elsewhere to at least one U.S. citizen parent are categorized as U.S.-born. All other persons are categorized as non-U.S.–born.
5Persons who identified as Hispanic or Latino were categorized as “Hispanic or Latino,” regardless of self-reported race. Persons who did not identify as Hispanic or Latino were categorized by self-reported race; if more than one race was reported, the person was categorized as “Multiple race.”
6Cavitary disease only assessed for persons with pulmonary TB and an abnormal x-ray.
Note: Ellipses (…) indicate that the percentage cannot be calculated, and the denominator is 0.