Publications, Data, & Statistics

Surveillance and Reporting Data

• CDC. Cholera Surveillance in the United States – Annual COVIS Summaries of Vibrio Illnesses
• WHO. Global Surveillance: Weekly Epidemiological Record (WER)
• WHO. Global Surveillance: Weekly Epidemiological Record (WER) 2018
• WHO. Global Health Observatory Data Repository
• WHO. Cholera Outbreak Response. Global Task Force on Cholera Control . 2019.
• WHO. Cholera 2017. Wkly Epidemiol Rec. No 38. 2018; 93: 489-500.

Emerging Infectious Diseases Journal

• Ingelbeen B, Hendrickx D, Miwanda B, van der Sande MAB, Mossoko M, Vochten H, et al. Recurrent cholera outbreaks, Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2008–2017. Emerg Infect Dis. 2019 May [date cited]. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2505.181141
• Abubakar A, Bwire G, Azman AS, Bouhenia M, Deng LL, Wamala JF, Rumunu J, Kagirita A, Rauzier J, Grout L, Martin S, Orach CG, Luquero FJ, Quilici ML. Cholera Epidemic in South Sudan and Uganda and Need for International Collaboration in Cholera Control. Emerg Infect Dis. 2018 May;24(5):883-887. doi: 10.3201/eid2405.171651.
• Walldorf JA, Date KA, Sreenivasan N, Harris JB, Hyde TB. Lessons Learned from Emergency Response Vaccination Efforts for Cholera, Typhoid, Yellow Fever, and Ebola. Emerg Infect Dis. 2017 Dec;23(13). doi: 10.3201/eid2313.170550.
• McCrickard LS, Massay A, Narra R, Mghamba J, Mohamed A, Kishimba R, et al. Cholera Mortality during Urban Epidemic, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, August 16, 2015–January 16, 2016. Emerg Infect Dis. 2017;23(13).
• Date KA, Hyde TB, Mintz E, Vicari A, Danovaro-Holliday MC, Ruiz-Matus C, Henry A, Andrus J, Dietz V. Letter in response to von Seidlein L, Deen JL. Considerations for oral cholera vaccine use during outbreak after earthquake in Haiti, 2010-2011. Emerg Infect Dis. 2012 Jul;18(7):1211-4.

Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) Articles

• CDC. Cholera Outbreak — Haiti, September 2022–January 2023. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2023;72:21–25.
• CDC. Notes from the Field: Outbreak of Vibrio cholerae Associated with Attending a Funeral — Chegutu District, Zimbabwe, 2018. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2018;67:560–561.
• CDC. Cholera Epidemic — Lusaka, Zambia, October 2017–May 2018. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2018;67:556–559.
• CDC. Notes from the Field: Diarrhea and Acute Respiratory Infection, Oral Cholera Vaccination Coverage, and Care-Seeking Behaviors of Rohingya Refugees – Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh, October – November 2017. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2018;67:533-535.
• CDC. Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices for Use of Cholera Vaccine. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2017;66:482-485.
• CDC. Notes from the Field. Ongoing Cholera Epidemic – Tanzania, 2015-2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2017;66: 177-178.
• CDC. Notes from the Field: Ongoing Cholera Outbreak — Kenya, 2014–2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016;65:68–69.
• CDC. Cholera associated with food transported from El Salvador – Indiana, 1994. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1995;44(20):385-6.

Africa

Resources

• CDC. Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR)
• WHO. WHO Africa – Epidemic & Pandemic Alert and Response (EPR)external icon
• WHO. Global Task Force on Cholera Controlexternal icon
• WHO. Cholera outbreak: assessing the outbreak response and improving preparednessexternal icon (in English and Swahili)
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• The Global Alliance Against Cholera (GAAC)external icon
  • GAAC Resource Searchexternal icon

Publications (not a comprehensive list)

• Médecins Sans Frontières. Management of A CHOLERA EPIDEMIC. 2018 Edition.
• Lazzerini M, Wanzira H. Oral zinc for treating diarrhea in children. Chochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016;12(12); Published 2016 Dec 20. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD005436.pub5
• Cross R, Ling C, Day NP, McGready R, Paris DH. Revisiting doxycycline in pregnancy and early childhood–time to rebuild its reputation?. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2016;15(3):367–382. doi:10.1517/14740338.2016.1133584
• Ali M, Nelson AR, Lopez AL, Sack DA. Updated global burden of cholera in endemic countries. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2015 Jun 4; 9(6):e0003832. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0003832.
• Bwire G, Malimbo M, Kagarita A, et al. Nosocomial Cholera Outbreak in a Mental Hospital; Challenges and Lessons Learnt from Butabika National Referral Mental Hospital, Uganda. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 2015; 93:534-538.
• Reveiz L, Chapman E, Ramon-Pardo P, Koehlmoos TP, Cuervo LG, et al. Chemoprophylaxis in Contacts of Patients with Cholera: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. 2011.
• Nguyen VD, Sreenivasan N, Lam E, Ayers T, Kargbo D, Dafae F, Jambai A, Alemu W, Kamara A, Islam MS, Stroika S, Bopp C, Quick R, Mintz ED, Brunkard JM. Cholera epidemic associated with consumption of unsafe drinking water and street-vended water—Eastern Freetown, Sierra Leone, 2012. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2014;90;518-23.
• Cholera in Africa: Microbiology, Epidemiology, Prevention and Control. J Infect Dis. 2013;208(Suppl 1).
  • Date K, Person B, Nygren B, Were V, Kola S, Ayers T, Quick R. Evaluation of a rapid cholera response activity—Nyanza Province, Kenya, 2008. J Infect Dis. 2013;208(Suppl 1):S62-8.
  • Keddy KH, Sooka A, Parsons MB, Njanpop-Lafourcade BM, Fitchet K, Smith AM. Diagnosis of vibrio cholerae O1 infection in Africa. J Infect Dis. 2013;208(Suppl 1):S23-31.
  • Mengel M, Mintz E, Nair GB, Gessner BD. Editorial committee introduction. 2013;208(Suppl 1):S1-3.
  • Mintz ED, Tauxe RV. Cholera in Africa: A closer look and a time for action. 2013;208(Suppl 1):S4-7.
  • Loharikar A, Briere E, Ope M, Langat D, Njeru I, Gathigi L, Makayotto L, Ismail AM, Thuranira M, Abade A, Amwayi S, Omolo J, Oundo J, De Cock KM, Breiman RF, Ayers T, Mintz E, O’Reilly CE. A national cholera epidemic with high case fatality rates—Kenya 2009. 2013;208(Suppl 1):S69-77.
• Mintz ED, Guerrant RL. A lion in our village – The unconscionable tragedy of cholera in Africa. N Engl J Med. 2009;360:1060-3.
• Gaffga NH, Tauxe RV, Mintz ED. Cholera: a new homeland in Africa? Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2007;77:705–13.
• Bompangue D, Giraudoux P, Plisnier PD, Mutombo Tinda A, Piarroux M, Sudre B, Horion S, Tamfum J, Ilunga BK, Piarroux R. Dynamics of cholera outbreaks in great lakes region of Africa, 1978–2008. Emerg Infect Dis. 2011;17(11):2026-34.
• Bompangue D, Giraudoux P, Handschumacher P, Piarroux R, Sudre B, Ekwanzala M, Kebela I, Piarroux M. Lakes as source of cholera outbreaks, Democratic Republic of Congo. Emerg Infect Dis. 2008;8(14):798-800.

Southeast Asia

Resources

• The International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b). Bangladesh Health and Science Bulletin Surveillance Report
• Global Health Observatory Data Repository
• Roy SK, Hossain MJ, Khatun W, Chakraborty B, Chowdhury S, Begum A, Mah-e-Muneer S, Shafique S, Khanam M, Chowdhury R. Zinc supplementation in children with cholera in Bangladesh: randomized controlled trial. BMJ. 2008;336(7638):266-71.
• Ali M, Nelson AR, Lopez AL, Sack DA. Updated Global Burden of Cholera in Endemic Countries. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2015;9(6): e0003832.
• WHO. Cholera, 2017. Wkly Epidemiol Rec. 2018; 93(38): 489-497.
• Ackers ML, Quick RE, Drasbek CJ, Hutwagner L, Tauxe RV. Are there national risk factors for epidemic cholera? The correlation between socioeconomic and demographic indices and cholera incidence in Latin America.  Int J Epidemiol. 1998:27:330–4.
• Ali M, Lopez A, You Y, Kim Y, Sah B, Maskery B, Clemens J. The global burden of cholera. Bull World Health Organ. 2012;90:209-18A.

Haiti

Publications (not a comprehensive list)

• Katz LS, Petkau A, Beaulaurier J, Tyler S, Antonova ES, Turnsek MA, Guo Y, Wang S, Paxinos EE, Orata F, Gladney LM, Stroika S, Folster JP, Rowe L, Freeman MM, Knox N, Frace M, Boncy J, Graham M, Hammer BK, Boucher Y, Bashir A, Hanage WP, Van Domselaar G, Tarr CL. 2013. Evolutionary dynamics of Vibrio cholerae O1 following a single-source introduction to Haiti. mBio. 2013:4(4);e00398-13. doi:10.1128/mBio.00398-13.
• AJTMH and PAHO: Commemorating the 3rd anniversary of the cholera outbreak in Haiti: Invited papers. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2013;89(4).
  • Jackson BR, Talkington DF, Pruckler JM, Fouché MD, Lafosse E, Nygren B, Gómez GA, Dahourou GA, Archer WR, Payne AB, Hooper WC, Tappero JW, Derado G, Magloire R, Gerner-Smidt P, Freeman N, Boncy J, Mintz ED; Cholera Serosurvey Working Group. Seroepidemiologic survey of epidemic cholera in Haiti to assess spectrum of illness and risk factors for severe disease. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2013;89(4):654-64.
  • Patrick M, Berendes D, Murphy J, Bertrand F, Husain F, Handzel T. Access to safe water in rural Artibonite, Haiti 16 months after the onset of the cholera epidemic. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2013;89(4):647-53.
  • Steenland MW, Joseph GA, Lucien AB, Freeman N, Hast M, Nygren B, Leshem E, Juin S, Parsons MB, Talkington DF, Mintz ED, Vertefeuille J, Balajee SA, Boncy J, Katz MA. Laboratory-confirmed cholera and rotavirus among patients with acute diarrhea in four hospitals in Haiti, 2012–2013. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2013;89(4):641-6.
  • Etienne CF, Tappero JW, Marston BJ, Frieden TR, Kenyon TA, Andrus JK. Cholera elimination in Hispaniola. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2013;89(4):615-6.
  • Gelting R, Bliss K, Patrick M, Lockhart G, Handzel T. Water, sanitation and hygiene in Haiti: Past, present, and future. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2013;89(4):665-70.
• Dowell SF, Tappero JW, Frieden TR. Public Health in Haiti – Challenges and Progress. N Engl J Med. 2011;364:300-1.

Other References (not a comprehensive list)

• Barzilay EJ, Schaad N, Magloire R, Mung KS, Boncy J, Dahourou GA, Mintz ED, Steenland MW, Vertefeuille JF, Tappero JW. Cholera surveillance during the Haiti epidemic – the first 2 years. N Engl J Med. 2013. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1204927.
• Waldman RJ, Mintz ED, Papowitz H. The cure for cholera – improving access to safe water and sanitation. N Engl J Med. 2013. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMp1214179.
• Ali M, Lopez AL, You YA, Kim YE, Sah B, Maskery B, Clemens J. The global burden of cholera. B World Health Organ. 2012;90(3):209-18A.
• Abrams JY, Copeland JR, Tauxe RV, Date KA, Belay ED, Mody RK, Mintz ED. Real-time modelling used for outbreak management during a cholera epidemic, Haiti, 2010-2011. Epidemiol Infect. 2012;31:1-10.
• Crump J, Bopp C, Greene KD, Kubota KA, Middendorf RL, Wells JG, Mintz ED. Toxigenic Vibrio cholerae serogroup O141-associated cholera-like diarrhea and bloodstream infection in the United States. J Infect Dis. 2003;187(5):866-8.
• Steinberg EB, Green KD, Bopp CA, Cameron DN, Wells JG, Mintz ED. Cholera in the United States, 1995-2000: trends at the end of the twentieth century. J Infect Dis. 2001;184(6):799-802.
• Ackers M, Pagaduan R, Hart G, et al. Cholera and sliced fruit: probable secondary transmission from an asymptomatic carrier in the United States. J Infect Dis. 1997;1:212-14.
• Mahon BE, Mintz ED, Greene KD, Wells JG, Tauxe RV. Reported cholera in the United States, 1992-1994: a reflection of global changes in cholera epidemiology. JAMA. 1996;276(4):307-12.
• Boyce TG, Mintz ED, Greene KD, Wells JG, Hockin JC, Morgan D, Tauxe RV. Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal infections among tourists to southeast Asia: an intercontinental foodborne outbreak. J Infect Dis. 1995;172(5):1401-4.
• Tauxe RV, Mintz ED, Quick, RE. Epidemic cholera in the New World: Translating field epidemiology into new prevention strategies. Emerg Infect Dis. 1995;1(4):141-6.
• Mintz ED, Effler PV, Maslankowski LA, Ansdell V, Pon E, Barrett TJ, Tauxe RV. A rapid public health response to a cryptic outbreak of cholera in Hawaii. Am J Pub Health. 1994;84(12):1988-91.