Maritime Health Hazard Evaluations (HHEs)

Health Hazard Evaluations (HHEs)

Employees, union officials, or employers can ask the NIOSH Health Hazard Evaluation (HHE) Program to help learn whether health hazards are present at their place of work. NIOSH may provide assistance and information by phone and in writing or may visit the workplace to assess exposure and employee health. Based on their findings, NIOSH will recommend ways to reduce hazards and prevent work-related illness. The evaluation is done at no cost to the employees, union officials, or employers. You can learn more about the HHE Program, search previous reports, or request an HHE at the program website (https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/hhe/default.html). The HHE Program has done a number of workplace evaluations in maritime settings, such as shipyards and marine terminals. The reports and recommendations generated by those evaluations are useful in understanding exposures that may occur in other similar settings.

Shipyards –

(2012) Air sampling methods for abrasive blasting – Louisiana. (Click “more” to view report.) [PDF – 367 KB]
NIOSH received a request for an HHE from the management at a Louisiana shipyard to evaluate sampling methods for measuring employee PBZ exposures during abrasive blasting.


(1998) Avondale Shipyards, New Orleans, Louisiana. (Click “more” to view report.) [PDF 321 KB]

In response to a request for a health hazard evaluation (HHE) received on July 9, 1997, from the Machinist Union, New Orleans Metal Trades Council, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) conducted an initial site visit on August 27, 1997, and a follow-up survey on October 21-23, 1997, at the Avondale Shipyards in Avondale, Louisiana.


(1996) Bath Iron Works Corporation, Bath, Maine. (Click “more” to view report.) [PDF – 296 KB]

In response to a request from the Bath Iron Workers Corporation (SIC- 3731), Bath, Maine, the accuracy of personal air monitoring during abrasive blasting in confined spaces was evaluated.


(1992) Egg Harbor Yacht Incorporated, Egg Harbor City, New Jersey. (Click “more” to view report.) [PDF – 176 KB]

In response to a request from a group of employees at Egg Harbor Yacht, Inc. (SIC-3732), Egg Harbor, New Jersey, an investigation was made of respiratory complaints.


(1990) Electric Boat, Groton, Connecticut. (Click “more” to view report.) [PDF – 930 KB]

In response to a request from the Metal Trades Council of New London County, AFL-CIO, an investigation was made of possible hazardous conditions at Electric Boat shipyard (SIC-3731), Groton, Connecticut.


(1989) Electric Boat Division, General Dynamics Corporation, Groton, Connecticut. (Click “more” to view report.) [PDF 151 KB]

In response to a request from the International Brotherhood of Painters and Allied Trades of the United States and Canada, an evaluation was made of possible hazardous working conditions at the Electric Boat Division of General Dynamics Corporation (SIC-3731), Groton, Connecticut.


(1988) MonArk Boat Company, Monticello, Arkansas. (Click “more” to view report.) [PDF – 231 KB]

In response to a request from the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America, an investigation was made of health problems at the MonArk Boat Company, (SIC-3732), Monticello, Arkansas.


(1986) Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, Portsmouth, New Hampshire. (Click “more” to view report.) [PDF – 373 KB]

Following a request from the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America, the source of nose bleeds and upper respiratory tract irritation among employees in the insulation shop at the Portsmouth Naval Shipyard (SIC-3731) Portsmouth, New Hampshire, was investigated.


(1985) Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, Portsmouth, New Hampshire. (Click “more” to view report.) [PDF – 297 KB]

Area air samples were analyzed for acrolein (107028), aldehydes, organic solvents, acids, and phthalates at Portsmouth Naval Shipyard (SIC-3731), Portsmouth, New Hampshire in December 1983. The evaluation was requested by a union representative due to employee reports of headache, nausea, and other irritative symptoms during systems testing on a submarine being overhauled at the shipyard.


(1985) Mystic Seaport, Mystic, Connecticut.

Environmental and breathing zone samples were analyzed for lead (7439921) at Mystic Seaport (SIC-3731), Mystic, Connecticut in January and February 1985. The evaluation was requested by the facility to assess lead exposures during cutting and riveting operations aboard a lead-painted, iron-hulled ship.

Click here to obtain a copy of the report HETA-85-132-1598.


(1984) Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, Bremerton, Washington. (Click “more” to view report.) [PDF – 194 KB]

An outbreak of nasal and rectal bleeding among painters at the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard (SIC-3731) in Bremerton, Washington was investigated on July 18 and August 23, 1983. The evaluation was requested by the National Trades Council of Bremerton, Washington on behalf of seven affected painters.


(1982) General Dynamics Shipyard, Quincy, Massachusetts.

Worker complaints of eye irritation, burning throat, nasal and sinus congestion, chest tightness and pain, nausea, extreme fatigue, light-headedness, and severe headaches possibly associated with welding on epoxy paint at the General Dynamics Shipyard (SIC-3731), Quincy, Massachusetts were investigated.

Click here to obtain a copy of the report HETA-81-364-1080.


(1977) Kaiser Marine Facility, Vallejo, California. (Click “more” to view report.) [PDF – 776 KB]

Acting on a request from an employee representative concerning the possibility of a health hazard due to welding fumes from arc welding on zinc plated or painted steel in confined areas, a Health Hazard Evaluation survey was conducted by NIOSH on January 5, 1977, at the Kaiser Marine facility, for the construction of seagoing vessels (SIC-3731), in Vallejo, California.

Marine Terminals –

(2006) Joint Pacific Marine Safety Code Committee, San Francisco, California. (Click “more” to view report.) [PDF – 199 KB] 

On April 30, 2003, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) received a request from the Joint Pacific Marine Safety Code Committee (JPMSCC) in San Francisco, California, to conduct a health hazard evaluation (HHE).


International Marine Terminal, Portland, Maine. (Click “more” to view report.) [PDF – 129 KB]

On February 14, 2005, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) received a management request for a health hazard evaluation (HHE) at the offices of Scotia Prince Cruises (SPC) in the International Marine Terminal (IMT) in Portland, Maine.


(1987) Bunge Corporation, Decatur, Alabama. (Click “more” to view report.) [PDF – 761 KB]

In response to a request from the Oil, Chemical and Atomic Workers Union Local 3-906, an evaluation was made of symptoms of respiratory irritation and skin rashes in employees at the Bunge Corporation (SIC-0723) located in Decatur, Alabama.


(1985) Grain Elevators, Superior, Wisconsin, Duluth, Minnesota. (Click “more” to view report.) [PDF – 354 KB]

Personal air samples were analyzed for carbon-disulfide (75150), ethylene-dibromide (106934), carbon-tetrachloride (56235), and grain dust at grain elevators (SIC-5153) located at Superior, Wisconsin and Duluth, Minnesota in May 1984.


(1985) Federal Grain Inspection Service, USDA, New Orleans, Louisiana. (Click “more” to view report.) [PDF – 161 KB]

Environmental and breathing zone samples were analyzed for phosphine (12768820), malathion (121755), carbon-disulfide (75150), carbon- tetrachloride (56235), and grain dust at field offices of the Federal Grain Inspection Service (SIC-4782), United States Department of Agriculture, New Orleans, Louisiana in October and November 1984.


(1984) Federal Grain Inspection Service, USDA, Portland, Oregon. (Click “more” to view report.) [PDF – 991 KB]

Area and breathing zone samples were analyzed for carbon-disulfide (75150), carbon-monoxide (630080), carbon-tetrachloride (56235), chloroform (67663), 1,2-dichloroethylene (540590), ethylene- dibromide (106934), ethylene-dichloride (107062), methyl-bromide (74839), and grain dust at the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Federal Grain Inspection Service (SIC-4782) field office, Portland, Oregon, in November 1983 and April 1984.


(1984) Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, Elizabeth Industrial Park Site, Elizabeth, New Jersey.

Worker exposures to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), organic vapors, and heavy metals during proposed construction activities were examined at the Elizabeth Industrial Park Site (SIC-1623) in Elizabeth, New Jersey. The area was previously used as a PCB contaminated landfill. The survey was conducted between September, 13 and October 6, 1983.

Contact us to obtain a copy of the report HETA-82-284-1456.


(1982) Mid-South Terminals Corporation, Memphis, Tennessee. (Click “more” to view report.) [PDF – 522 KB]

Effects of exposures from the coal-tar pitch and petroleum-pitch transfer operations at Mid South Terminals Corporation (SIC-4463), Memphis, Tennessee were evaluated. The survey was requested by Local 1671 of International Longshoremen’s Association and was performed in August and October 1981.

Seafood Processing –

(1999) UniSea, Inc., Dutch Harbor, Alaska. (Click “more” to view report.) [PDF – 254 KB]

On December 19, 1997, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) received a request for a health hazard evaluation (HHE) from the management of the UniSea shore-based crab processing facility in Dutch Harbor, Alaska.


(1986) Point Adams Packing Company, Hammond, Oregon. (Click “more” to view report.) [PDF – 230 KB]

Management of Point Adams Packing Company (PAPCO) (SIC-0912), Hammond, Oregon initiated a request for an evaluation concerning the excessive number of cases of carpal tunnel syndrome, tendonitis, and other musculoskeletal disorders suffered by filleters, trimmers, and slimers at the fish filleting facility.


(1978) Bluewater Seafood Products, Cleveland, Ohio. 

In response to a request from OSHA to investigate illness among 40 of 168 employees on the first shift at the Bluewater Seafood Products facility, Cleveland, Ohio, an evaluation was made consisting of environmental sampling, work area studies, interviews with employees and hospital personnel, and investigation of behavioral characteristics.

Contact us to obtain a copy of the report TA-77-35.

Offshore –

(1998) Torch Operating Company, Santa Maria, California. (Click “more” to view report.) [PDF – 224 KB]

The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) received a request for technical assistance from the Department of the Interior, Mineral Management Services (MMS), located in Santa Maria, California. On August 11 and 12, 1996, NIOSH investigators conducted a site visit on platform ‘Irene’, an offshore drilling rig owned and operated by Torch Operating Company (TOC).

Other –

(2005) U.S. Department of Transportation, St. Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation, Massena, New York. (Click “more” to view report.) [PDF – 215 KB]

In October 2001, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) received a joint labor/management request to conduct a health hazard evaluation (HHE) at the Dwight D. Eisenhower and Bertrand H. Snell Locks on the St. Lawrence Seaway, near Massena, New York.


(1992) U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, North Central Division, Chicago, Illinois. (Click “more” to view report.) [PDF – 497 KB]

In response to a request from the Deputy Commander of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (SIC-4441), North Central Division, a study was made of possible hazards to maintenance and construction workers. The workforce in question was involved in maintaining 18 dams and 22 lock chambers on the Mississippi River from Saverton, Missouri, to Guttenberg, Iowa and also on the Illinois Waterway from La Grange Lock and Dam to Chicago, Illinois.

Page last reviewed: February 13, 2020, 04:40 PM