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Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance — United States, 2017

Supplementary Tables 7-15: Behaviors that Contribute to Unintentional Injuries


TABLE 7. Percentage of high school students who rarely or never wore a seat belt,* by sex, race/ethnicity, grade, sexual identity, and sex of sexual contacts — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2017Return to your place in the text
Category Sex Total
Female Male
% CI† % CI % CI
Total 5.1 (4.1–6.3) 6.6 (5.2–8.5) 5.9 (4.8–7.3)
Race/Ethnicity
White§ 3.4 (2.2–5.2) 5.3 (3.6–7.7) 4.3 (3.0–6.1)
Black§ 8.1 (5.8–11.3) 11.3 (8.7–14.7) 9.8 (7.7–12.4)
Hispanic 7.6 (5.6–10.2) 7.0 (5.5–8.8) 7.3 (6.1–8.8)
Grade
9 6.5 (5.1–8.3) 5.9 (4.1–8.3) 6.2 (5.0–7.7)
10 4.5 (3.2–6.4) 5.9 (4.2–8.3) 5.2 (3.9–6.9)
11 4.6 (3.3–6.5) 6.9 (5.0–9.5) 5.8 (4.3–7.7)
12 4.0 (2.7–6.0) 7.9 (5.5–11.0) 5.9 (4.4–7.9)
Sexual identity
Heterosexual (straight) 5.1 (4.2–6.3) 6.4 (4.9–8.2) 5.8 (4.7–7.2)
Gay, lesbian, or bisexual 6.2 (4.4–8.7) 5.7 (2.6–12.2) 6.1 (4.1–9.0)
Not sure 4.1 (1.7–9.8) 11.6 (7.1–18.3) 7.9 (4.2–14.4)
Sex of sexual contacts
Opposite sex only 6.5 (5.4–7.9) 9.7 (7.4–12.7) 8.3 (6.6–10.3)
Same sex only or both sexes 7.8 (5.4–11.2) 8.7 (4.8–15.1) 8.1 (5.5–11.7)
No sexual contact 3.3 (2.6–4.4) 2.5 (1.7–3.6) 2.9 (2.3–3.7)

* When riding in a car driven by someone else.
† 95% confidence interval.
§ Non-Hispanic.

TABLE 8. Percentage of high school students who rarely or never wore a seat belt,* by sex, sexual identity, and sex of sexual contacts — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2017Return to your place in the text
Site Sex Total Sexual identity Sex of sexual contacts
Female Male Heterosexual (straight) Gay, lesbian, or bisexual Not sure Opposite sex only Same sex only or both sexes No sexual contact
% CI† % CI % CI % CI % CI % CI % CI % CI % CI
State surveys
Alaska 4.5 (2.8–7.2) 10.2 (7.9–13.0) 7.6 (5.8–9.9) —§ — — — — — — — — — — —
Arizona 7.7 (5.0–11.7) 8.0 (5.4–11.8) 8.1 (6.2–10.5) 7.5 (5.7–9.7) 13.4 (7.9–21.9) 4.7 (1.8–11.8) — — — — — —
Arkansas 16.3 (5.7–38.6) 18.6 (11.1–29.6) 17.5 (8.3–33.3) 15.1 (7.2–29.1) 30.2 (11.4–59.3) 19.8 (7.3–43.6) 18.2 (11.3–28.0) 33.9 (14.5–60.9) 4.9 (2.7–8.8)
California 4.5 (3.2–6.3) 6.1 (3.8–9.6) 5.8 (4.3–7.8) 5.4 (4.1–7.2) 5.7 (1.8–16.6) 13.6 (6.0–27.8) 4.2 (2.7–6.4) 9.2 (4.3–18.6) 4.0 (2.3–7.0)
Colorado 5.5 (4.3–7.1) 5.9 (4.3–8.0) 5.9 (4.8–7.3) 5.1 (3.9–6.7) 5.1 (2.3–10.7) 9.7 (3.1–26.3) — — — — — —
Connecticut 5.0 (3.6–7.1) 7.2 (5.3–9.7) 6.4 (4.9–8.3) 5.6 (4.1–7.7) 5.5 (3.2–9.2) 12.4 (6.1–23.5) 6.5 (4.7–9.1) 11.8 (6.8–19.8) 3.7 (2.5–5.5)
Delaware 3.7 (2.7–5.1) 7.0 (5.2–9.2) 5.5 (4.4–6.7) 4.9 (3.9–6.3) 4.9 (2.5–9.6) 16.1 (7.7–30.7) 5.6 (4.2–7.5) 12.4 (7.4–20.2) 2.0 (1.2–3.1)
Florida 5.8 (4.9–6.9) 10.1 (8.4–12.0) 8.0 (6.9–9.4) 7.4 (6.2–8.9) 9.1 (6.5–12.5) 11.5 (7.8–16.8) 9.3 (7.4–11.5) 12.7 (9.9–16.1) 4.6 (3.8–5.6)
Hawaii — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Idaho 6.1 (4.5–8.1) 8.5 (6.4–11.2) 7.3 (5.8–9.1) — — — — — — — — — — — —
Illinois — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Iowa 4.2 (2.5–7.0) 8.7 (6.4–11.8) 6.8 (5.0–9.1) 6.0 (4.3–8.3) 8.8 (3.5–20.6) 13.2 (5.0–30.5) 7.5 (5.3–10.6) 3.9 (1.4–10.6) 4.0 (2.6–6.3)
Kansas 3.8 (2.5–6.0) 6.2 (3.9–9.7) 5.0 (3.5–7.2) — — — — — — — — — — — —
Kentucky 6.5 (4.6–9.1) 10.3 (7.7–13.5) 8.7 (7.1–10.6) 7.8 (6.4–9.6) 13.8 (8.5–21.5) 9.6 (3.9–21.7) 10.3 (7.8–13.5) 14.6 (9.9–21.0) 3.9 (2.6–5.9)
Louisiana 8.5 (6.3–11.3) 16.1 (12.9–19.9) 12.5 (10.3–15.0) — — — — — — — — — — — —
Maine 4.5 (3.6–5.6) 7.3 (6.3–8.5) 6.1 (5.2–7.1) 5.4 (4.5–6.5) 7.8 (6.2–9.8) 11.8 (8.9–15.6) 6.8 (5.6–8.3) 13.4 (11.0–16.2) 2.4 (2.0–2.9)
Maryland — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Massachusetts — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Michigan 3.8 (2.7–5.5) 8.7 (6.6–11.2) 6.3 (5.1–7.9) 5.9 (4.5–7.7) 5.6 (3.4–9.0) 13.1 (7.3–22.4) 8.7 (6.4–11.6) 6.6 (2.6–15.6) 3.1 (2.1–4.5)
Missouri 5.9 (3.9–8.8) 12.0 (8.5–16.6) 9.0 (6.6–12.3) — — — — — — — — — — — —
Montana 5.6 (4.6–6.8) 9.7 (8.1–11.6) 7.8 (6.7–9.0) — — — — — — — — — — — —
Nebraska 7.8 (5.0–11.9) 8.8 (6.3–12.3) 8.5 (6.1–11.9) 8.2 (5.5–12.0) 15.1 (9.1–24.2) 4.4 (1.5–11.8) 10.9 (7.7–15.1) 16.8 (8.3–31.2) 5.3 (2.7–9.9)
Nevada 5.4 (3.9–7.3) 6.8 (4.9–9.4) 6.3 (5.1–7.8) 5.8 (4.7–7.2) 5.3 (2.9–9.3) 13.1 (5.0–30.3) 6.8 (4.9–9.4) 9.1 (5.1–15.7) 4.0 (2.8–5.8)
New Hampshire 5.3 (4.6–6.1) 8.1 (7.1–9.2) 6.9 (6.2–7.7) 6.4 (5.7–7.2) 8.6 (6.7–11.1) 11.5 (8.4–15.5) 9.2 (8.2–10.3) 16.3 (13.0–20.2) 2.6 (2.1–3.3)
New Mexico 6.2 (4.8–7.9) 8.6 (7.5–9.9) 7.5 (6.4–8.7) 6.3 (5.3–7.5) 11.2 (8.8–14.1) 13.9 (9.2–20.5) 9.1 (7.5–10.9) 13.6 (10.3–17.8) 3.8 (2.9–5.0)
New York — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
North Carolina 4.2 (2.8–6.3) 8.8 (6.6–11.7) 6.7 (5.0–8.9) 5.8 (4.2–8.1) 7.8 (4.5–13.2) 17.1 (11.7–24.3) 7.0 (5.2–9.5) 13.4 (7.7–22.4) 3.3 (2.0–5.5)
North Dakota 5.1 (3.7–6.8) 10.8 (8.6–13.4) 8.1 (6.7–9.7) 7.6 (6.2–9.4) 11.2 (7.0–17.3) 14.4 (8.2–24.0) — — — — — —
Oklahoma 6.6 (5.4–8.0) 9.3 (7.1–12.0) 8.0 (6.6–9.7) 7.7 (6.3–9.5) 10.1 (5.4–18.0) 9.0 (2.5–27.0) 9.6 (7.3–12.6) 17.1 (9.8–28.2) 3.9 (2.3–6.4)
Pennsylvania 8.9 (6.8–11.5) 13.6 (11.1–16.5) 11.3 (9.3–13.7) 10.3 (8.5–12.4) 14.6 (9.6–21.6) 12.0 (6.5–20.9) 13.7 (10.9–17.0) 20.5 (15.0–27.5) 5.8 (4.6–7.3)
Rhode Island 4.0 (2.2–7.1) 8.6 (6.3–11.7) 6.7 (4.7–9.3) 5.6 (3.7–8.4) 8.3 (3.6–18.2) 17.2 (9.8–28.4) 7.1 (4.7–10.5) 8.2 (3.4–18.1) 4.0 (2.1–7.5)
South Carolina 5.3 (3.5–8.0) 7.4 (5.6–9.8) 6.8 (5.5–8.5) 6.3 (4.9–8.3) 9.2 (5.0–16.3) 11.2 (5.4–21.8) 5.8 (3.9–8.7) 14.5 (9.5–21.5) 4.8 (3.1–7.3)
Tennessee 4.8 (3.2–7.0) 12.7 (9.3–17.1) 8.9 (7.2–11.0) — — — — — — — — — — — —
Texas 5.2 (4.0–6.7) 8.8 (6.3–12.1) 7.1 (5.5–9.2) 6.7 (4.8–9.3) 9.6 (5.9–15.3) 5.9 (2.2–14.9) 9.5 (7.1–12.7) 14.5 (9.7–21.0) 2.9 (1.6–5.1)
Utah 9.9 (4.5–20.6) 8.8 (4.9–15.2) 9.5 (4.8–17.7) — — — — — — — — — — — —
Vermont — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Virginia 4.9 (3.5–7.0) 7.7 (6.3–9.5) 6.4 (5.1–8.1) — — — — — — — — — — — —
West Virginia 6.8 (5.1–9.0) 10.3 (8.1–13.0) 8.9 (7.2–10.9) 8.2 (6.5–10.4) 13.9 (10.5–18.1) 10.1 (3.3–26.7) 10.1 (7.2–13.9) 15.5 (10.1–22.9) 3.9 (2.2–6.8)
Wisconsin 6.2 (4.3–8.8) 5.4 (3.7–7.9) 5.9 (4.5–7.7) 5.2 (3.8–7.1) 8.5 (5.0–14.0) 12.6 (8.1–18.9) 6.1 (4.2–8.7) 11.2 (6.1–19.6) 3.6 (2.3–5.7)
Median 5.4 8.7 7.3 6.3 8.9 12.2 8.7 13.4 3.9
Range 3.7–16.3 5.4–18.6 5.0–17.5 4.9–15.1 4.9–30.2 4.4–19.8 4.2–18.2 3.9–33.9 2.0–5.8
Large urban school district surveys
Baltimore, MD 15.2 (11.7–19.5) 17.5 (13.9–21.8) 16.6 (14.0–19.5) 15.1 (12.0–18.9) 17.9 (11.1–27.8) 18.6 (9.0–34.4) 17.0 (13.1–21.7) 18.3 (11.3–28.3) 11.5 (7.7–16.6)
Boston, MA — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Broward County, FL 6.7 (4.1–10.8) 7.5 (3.9–13.9) 7.2 (4.7–11.0) 6.9 (4.3–11.1) 8.1 (4.0–16.0) 8.4 (1.8–31.7) 7.2 (3.1–15.9) 3.3 (1.1–8.9) 5.7 (3.5–9.1)
Chicago, IL 9.7 (7.4–12.6) 14.4 (10.7–19.2) 12.2 (9.9–14.9) 11.5 (9.2–14.4) 14.1 (9.7–20.1) 11.1 (6.6–18.0) 13.6 (10.2–18.0) 18.8 (12.9–26.6) 6.8 (4.6–9.9)
Cleveland, OH 15.7 (12.9–19.1) 22.9 (19.7–26.6) 19.6 (17.2–22.2) 19.4 (16.7–22.4) 18.9 (13.2–26.4) 23.8 (15.2–35.2) 19.7 (16.7–23.2) 20.2 (13.7–28.7) 15.6 (11.9–20.1)
DeKalb County, GA 6.0 (4.5–8.0) 9.1 (7.2–11.5) 7.7 (6.4–9.1) 7.4 (6.1–9.0) 5.9 (3.3–10.6) 11.2 (6.0–19.8) 8.0 (6.1–10.4) 8.8 (4.9–15.3) 5.2 (3.8–7.1)
Detroit, MI 9.2 (7.1–11.9) 11.1 (8.6–14.2) 10.3 (8.4–12.5) 9.1 (7.4–11.2) 14.6 (10.4–20.1) 12.3 (5.3–26.0) 9.2 (6.4–12.9) 14.4 (10.0–20.4) 7.9 (5.7–10.7)
District of Columbia — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Duval County, FL 9.1 (7.5–10.9) 11.2 (9.4–13.4) 10.8 (9.5–12.1) 8.9 (7.6–10.5) 13.1 (10.2–16.6) 16.9 (10.7–25.6) 11.0 (8.7–13.8) 11.5 (8.8–14.9) 4.7 (3.4–6.4)
Ft. Worth, TX 6.7 (5.3–8.5) 10.0 (8.6–11.7) 8.6 (7.5–9.8) 8.1 (7.0–9.4) 10.7 (7.5–15.2) 13.4 (7.9–21.9) 9.3 (7.8–11.1) 12.6 (8.3–18.7) 5.2 (4.0–6.7)
Houston, TX 9.1 (7.7–10.8) 10.2 (8.3–12.5) 9.8 (8.4–11.3) 8.9 (7.5–10.4) 11.7 (8.8–15.4) 18.9 (12.2–28.1) 10.2 (8.4–12.4) 13.5 (8.7–20.3) 6.8 (5.5–8.5)
Los Angeles, CA — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Miami-Dade County, FL 8.6 (7.0–10.5) 9.8 (7.8–12.2) 9.4 (8.2–10.9) 8.5 (7.3–9.9) 13.4 (9.5–18.5) 18.2 (11.9–26.8) 11.6 (9.8–13.7) 15.8 (10.4–23.2) 5.2 (3.9–7.0)
New York City, NY — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Oakland, CA — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Orange County, FL 8.4 (6.8–10.4) 9.9 (7.6–12.9) 9.2 (7.6–11.0) 7.4 (6.1–9.1) 14.0 (9.5–20.3) 23.7 (13.6–38.0) 8.4 (6.3–11.0) 17.3 (12.5–23.5) 6.1 (4.0–9.0)
Palm Beach County, FL 5.5 (4.2–7.3) 8.8 (7.2–10.8) 7.4 (6.2–8.7) 5.8 (4.7–7.2) 14.2 (10.4–19.0) 16.6 (10.1–26.0) 7.8 (5.9–10.2) 16.0 (11.0–22.8) 3.9 (2.8–5.3)
Philadelphia, PA 20.4 (16.7–24.7) 23.6 (18.5–29.6) 22.1 (18.0–26.8) 20.7 (16.8–25.4) 26.9 (19.9–35.3) 26.2 (11.5–49.0) 25.3 (19.7–31.9) 36.2 (22.6–52.5) 14.8 (11.9–18.2)
San Diego, CA 4.5 (3.4–6.0) 5.8 (4.2–7.9) 5.3 (4.2–6.6) 4.9 (3.9–6.0) 5.7 (3.3–9.7) 8.8 (3.4–20.9) 5.7 (4.3–7.6) 8.2 (4.3–14.9) 3.3 (2.5–4.4)
San Francisco, CA 6.7 (5.3–8.5) 8.4 (6.7–10.6) 7.7 (6.5–9.2) 7.0 (5.6–8.6) 12.2 (8.1–18.0) 10.0 (5.6–17.1) 8.0 (5.8–10.9) 17.7 (11.7–25.9) 5.1 (3.8–6.9)
Shelby County, TN 8.3 (6.4–10.6) 14.8 (12.1–18.0) 11.6 (9.7–13.9) 10.6 (8.7–12.9) 12.7 (7.5–20.7) 17.6 (11.4–26.2) 12.9 (10.3–16.2) 13.8 (8.6–21.5) 5.9 (4.1–8.6)
Median 8.5 10.1 9.6 8.7 13.2 16.7 9.8 15.1 5.8
Range 4.5–20.4 5.8–23.6 5.3–22.1 4.9–20.7 5.7–26.9 8.4–26.2 5.7–25.3 3.3–36.2 3.3–15.6

* When riding in a car driven by someone else.
† 95% confidence interval.
§ Not available.

TABLE 9. Percentage of high school students who rode with a driver who had been drinking alcohol,* by sex, race/ethnicity, grade, sexual identity, and sex of sexual contacts — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2017Return to your place in the text
Category Sex Total
Female Male
% CI† % CI % CI
Total 17.1 (15.6–18.9) 15.7 (14.4–17.2) 16.5 (15.2–17.7)
Race/Ethnicity
White§ 15.7 (13.6–18.1) 14.2 (12.3–16.2) 15.0 (13.4–16.7)
Black§ 19.1 (15.9–22.8) 14.8 (12.3–17.7) 17.0 (14.9–19.4)
Hispanic 21.9 (19.4–24.6) 19.5 (17.5–21.7) 20.7 (19.2–22.2)
Grade
9 17.8 (15.4–20.6) 16.0 (13.5–18.8) 16.9 (14.9–19.0)
10 18.2 (15.6–21.1) 16.2 (14.1–18.5) 17.2 (15.5–19.1)
11 16.3 (14.0–19.0) 14.3 (12.0–16.9) 15.4 (13.4–17.5)
12 15.8 (12.7–19.4) 16.1 (13.5–19.2) 16.0 (14.0–18.1)
Sexual identity
Heterosexual (straight) 17.1 (15.4–18.8) 15.3 (14.0–16.7) 16.1 (14.9–17.4)
Gay, lesbian, or bisexual 19.7 (16.5–23.5) 22.1 (15.7–30.2) 20.1 (17.1–23.5)
Not sure 19.7 (12.7–29.2) 20.4 (13.1–30.4) 20.9 (16.4–26.3)
Sex of sexual contacts
Opposite sex only 21.1 (19.2–23.2) 21.2 (18.9–23.6) 21.1 (19.4–23.0)
Same sex only or both sexes 28.0 (23.6–32.9) 23.1 (15.6–32.8) 26.7 (22.9–30.9)
No sexual contact 12.0 (10.1–14.1) 9.2 (8.1–10.5) 10.6 (9.4–12.0)

* In a car or other vehicle, one or more times during the 30 days before the survey.
† 95% confidence interval.
§ Non-Hispanic.

TABLE 10. Percentage of high school students who rode with a driver who had been drinking alcohol,* by sex, sexual identity, and sex of sexual contacts — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2017Return to your place in the text
Site Sex Total Sexual identity Sex of sexual contacts
Female Male Heterosexual (straight) Gay, lesbian, or bisexual Not sure Opposite sex only Same sex only or both sexes No sexual contact
% CI† % CI % CI % CI % CI % CI % CI % CI % CI
State surveys
Alaska 17.0 (13.9–20.6) 15.9 (13.6–18.5) 16.4 (14.6–18.5) —§ — — — — — — — — — — —
Arizona 18.9 (14.7–24.0) 19.4 (15.3–24.3) 19.2 (15.7–23.3) 18.7 (15.4–22.6) 24.6 (15.7–36.3) 16.1 (9.5–25.9) — — — — — —
Arkansas 24.6 (15.6–36.5) 27.7 (22.5–33.6) 26.3 (19.6–34.3) 22.4 (15.9–30.5) 43.4 (37.7–49.3) 28.9 (15.9–46.8) 26.8 (22.3–31.9) 48.7 (33.7–63.9) 10.1 (8.1–12.7)
California 14.2 (11.7–17.1) 15.9 (12.6–20.0) 15.4 (13.1–18.1) 15.4 (13.0–18.1) 17.3 (12.7–23.1) 14.3 (4.9–34.9) 18.8 (14.6–23.8) 22.5 (15.3–31.8) 10.5 (8.5–13.0)
Colorado 14.2 (11.4–17.7) 12.8 (10.3–16.0) 13.4 (11.0–16.2) 12.2 (9.6–15.5) 18.8 (12.3–27.6) 19.7 (9.8–35.7) — — — — — —
Connecticut 16.6 (13.8–19.7) 17.6 (14.3–21.4) 17.2 (14.8–19.9) 16.0 (13.5–18.8) 23.4 (18.6–29.0) 15.2 (8.0–26.8) 19.1 (15.5–23.4) 24.4 (17.5–32.9) 12.5 (10.4–14.9)
Delaware — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Florida 17.2 (15.6–18.8) 17.0 (15.7–18.3) 17.1 (16.0–18.2) 16.4 (15.4–17.6) 20.1 (16.9–23.8) 17.9 (14.2–22.3) 21.1 (19.5–22.8) 27.3 (22.4–32.9) 10.9 (9.7–12.2)
Hawaii — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Idaho 17.0 (14.3–20.1) 14.9 (12.0–18.4) 15.9 (13.5–18.7) — — — — — — — — — — — —
Illinois 20.6 (18.1–23.3) 17.4 (14.5–20.7) 19.2 (17.3–21.2) 17.2 (15.5–19.1) 25.4 (18.6–33.6) 28.9 (17.8–43.2) 20.9 (17.5–24.7) 34.6 (26.7–43.4) 11.5 (10.0–13.2)
Iowa 21.9 (17.9–26.5) 19.0 (13.9–25.4) 20.8 (16.8–25.5) 19.6 (15.1–24.9) 29.9 (19.0–43.7) 25.3 (13.0–43.5) 23.6 (17.7–30.7) 28.2 (19.0–39.8) 14.3 (9.7–20.7)
Kansas 19.5 (17.3–21.9) 17.8 (15.6–20.2) 18.6 (17.0–20.3) — — — — — — — — — — — —
Kentucky — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Louisiana 28.1 (21.6–35.6) 27.3 (23.9–30.9) 28.2 (23.8–33.1) — — — — — — — — — — — —
Maine — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Maryland 14.0 (13.4–14.5) 13.9 (13.3–14.6) 14.2 (13.8–14.7) 12.4 (12.0–12.9) 20.8 (19.4–22.3) 16.9 (14.7–19.2) — — — — — —
Massachusetts 14.5 (12.2–17.2) 14.1 (12.2–16.1) 14.4 (12.7–16.2) 13.8 (12.1–15.8) 17.5 (13.0–23.1) 18.0 (12.2–25.8) 19.8 (17.1–22.8) 20.2 (14.2–28.0) 8.0 (6.5–9.7)
Michigan 15.2 (12.5–18.4) 15.1 (12.4–18.4) 15.1 (13.1–17.4) 14.4 (12.2–17.0) 13.3 (7.6–22.1) 21.4 (11.8–35.6) 18.6 (15.4–22.5) 21.7 (14.8–30.6) 9.0 (6.0–13.2)
Missouri 14.7 (10.7–19.9) 16.6 (13.5–20.4) 15.7 (13.1–18.7) — — — — — — — — — — — —
Montana 19.9 (18.2–21.8) 19.5 (17.5–21.6) 19.8 (18.2–21.5) — — — — — — — — — — — —
Nebraska 24.4 (20.6–28.7) 19.3 (16.5–22.5) 22.1 (19.6–24.8) 20.8 (18.2–23.6) 34.4 (25.8–44.2) 27.7 (16.0–43.5) 28.9 (24.3–33.9) 40.4 (25.6–57.2) 15.0 (11.8–18.8)
Nevada 15.8 (13.4–18.5) 17.3 (14.1–21.1) 16.8 (14.7–19.1) 16.3 (13.9–19.0) 17.7 (13.0–23.6) 17.4 (7.9–33.9) 20.5 (16.4–25.3) 22.1 (15.7–30.3) 11.1 (8.7–14.0)
New Hampshire 15.1 (14.0–16.3) 13.6 (12.5–14.7) 14.4 (13.7–15.2) 14.0 (13.2–14.8) 16.4 (14.0–19.2) 18.4 (14.7–22.7) 17.2 (16.1–18.4) 27.1 (23.2–31.4) 9.3 (8.5–10.3)
New Mexico 21.9 (19.8–24.2) 18.7 (16.6–21.0) 20.4 (18.6–22.4) 18.7 (16.8–20.8) 28.3 (23.5–33.6) 26.5 (22.2–31.3) 23.7 (21.0–26.7) 31.7 (27.5–36.1) 13.7 (11.6–16.1)
New York — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
North Carolina 15.0 (12.7–17.7) 15.4 (13.2–18.0) 15.4 (13.3–17.9) 14.2 (12.1–16.6) 20.1 (14.8–26.6) 25.8 (17.5–36.4) 17.5 (14.7–20.7) 22.1 (16.4–29.3) 10.2 (8.0–12.9)
North Dakota 14.8 (12.3–17.8) 18.0 (15.5–20.8) 16.5 (14.4–18.8) 16.4 (14.4–18.6) 20.8 (14.5–29.0) 16.9 (10.2–26.7) — — — — — —
Oklahoma 15.9 (12.8–19.5) 13.2 (10.6–16.4) 14.6 (12.1–17.4) 13.2 (11.0–15.7) 22.2 (13.5–34.3) 22.9 (12.6–38.0) 16.9 (14.2–19.9) 36.1 (25.7–48.0) 8.0 (5.9–10.9)
Pennsylvania 16.0 (13.5–18.8) 16.9 (14.7–19.4) 16.5 (14.8–18.3) 15.8 (14.0–17.8) 19.7 (15.2–25.0) 14.4 (8.9–22.5) 19.5 (17.0–22.2) 22.3 (16.6–29.3) 11.4 (9.3–13.9)
Rhode Island 11.9 (10.0–14.1) 15.2 (12.2–18.8) 13.9 (12.2–15.9) 12.8 (11.1–14.8) 19.3 (13.0–27.7) 14.5 (8.3–24.1) 17.7 (14.6–21.3) 20.2 (16.9–23.9) 7.8 (6.6–9.2)
South Carolina 17.7 (15.4–20.4) 17.6 (14.3–21.5) 18.1 (15.9–20.4) 16.5 (14.2–19.1) 24.7 (17.6–33.5) 36.1 (19.5–56.9) 21.6 (17.8–26.0) 28.3 (18.2–41.1) 9.5 (7.3–12.2)
Tennessee 14.4 (11.6–17.9) 14.7 (12.1–17.8) 14.9 (12.6–17.5) — — — — — — — — — — — —
Texas 22.5 (19.6–25.7) 18.8 (15.5–22.6) 20.8 (18.2–23.6) 19.8 (17.1–22.7) 24.3 (19.1–30.5) 27.9 (19.2–38.7) 24.4 (20.5–28.7) 35.8 (28.6–43.8) 13.5 (11.2–16.2)
Utah 16.3 (9.7–25.9) 12.8 (8.4–19.0) 14.7 (9.4–22.2) — — — — — — — — — — — —
Vermont 18.7 (17.9–19.4) 17.1 (16.4–17.9) 17.9 (17.4–18.5) 17.4 (16.8–18.0) 21.6 (19.8–23.4) 19.8 (17.4–22.5) 22.4 (21.6–23.3) 31.0 (28.5–33.6) 10.1 (9.5–10.8)
Virginia 14.4 (12.0–17.3) 13.8 (11.9–16.0) 14.2 (12.7–15.9) — — — — — — — — — — — —
West Virginia 12.0 (9.6–14.9) 13.0 (10.8–15.7) 12.8 (10.7–15.2) 12.1 (10.3–14.3) 17.7 (9.4–31.0) 14.1 (6.2–29.0) 15.6 (12.8–18.9) 22.0 (12.9–34.9) 6.3 (4.3–9.2)
Wisconsin 17.1 (14.7–19.9) 17.3 (14.3–20.8) 17.4 (15.3–19.7) 16.8 (14.4–19.6) 16.1 (11.7–21.9) 24.7 (17.0–34.5) 19.7 (16.6–23.3) 27.5 (18.9–38.2) 12.6 (10.1–15.6)
Median 16.4 16.9 16.5 16.3 20.8 19.7 19.8 27.3 10.5
Range 11.9–28.1 12.8–27.7 12.8–28.2 12.1–22.4 13.3–43.4 14.1–36.1 15.6–28.9 20.2–48.7 6.3–15.0
Large urban school district surveys
Baltimore, MD 16.7 (13.2–20.9) 24.1 (18.2–31.1) 20.5 (17.5–23.8) 19.2 (15.7–23.3) 22.6 (15.9–31.0) 22.0 (11.9–37.2) 21.2 (15.0–29.0) 23.6 (14.6–35.7) 16.2 (12.4–20.8)
Boston, MA 20.2 (17.4–23.4) 16.1 (12.9–19.9) 18.3 (16.2–20.7) 17.1 (14.8–19.7) 28.6 (22.3–35.9) 15.5 (8.5–26.5) 21.8 (17.8–26.3) 31.9 (23.0–42.3) 10.1 (7.8–13.0)
Broward County, FL 18.6 (14.1–24.2) 18.1 (12.4–25.7) 18.8 (14.3–24.3) 16.9 (12.2–22.9) 23.4 (12.4–39.6) 15.2 (7.0–29.9) 19.9 (13.6–28.1) 27.3 (13.8–46.8) 10.6 (6.9–15.9)
Chicago, IL 22.2 (18.4–26.6) 24.0 (19.0–29.8) 23.5 (19.5–28.0) 22.0 (18.1–26.5) 30.2 (22.4–39.3) 21.0 (13.7–30.7) 22.7 (17.0–29.7) 35.3 (26.6–45.0) 18.2 (14.0–23.3)
Cleveland, OH 29.6 (25.4–34.1) 23.9 (20.8–27.4) 27.0 (24.2–30.0) 25.5 (22.7–28.6) 34.2 (27.5–41.6) 30.5 (18.6–45.6) 27.9 (24.0–32.1) 39.8 (32.4–47.7) 18.9 (15.3–23.1)
DeKalb County, GA 14.7 (12.3–17.4) 18.4 (15.7–21.4) 16.6 (14.5–18.9) 15.1 (13.0–17.6) 23.3 (17.5–30.3) 19.2 (12.6–28.2) 20.5 (17.0–24.4) 21.1 (15.3–28.5) 10.7 (8.3–13.7)
Detroit, MI 21.8 (19.1–24.8) 24.8 (21.2–28.9) 23.3 (21.0–25.9) 21.1 (18.6–23.9) 31.3 (23.2–40.8) 30.4 (19.4–44.2) 26.7 (22.5–31.4) 28.4 (20.4–38.0) 16.2 (13.1–20.0)
District of Columbia 21.4 (20.1–22.8) 21.5 (20.1–23.0) 22.1 (21.1–23.1) 20.3 (19.2–21.4) 28.4 (25.6–31.3) 29.8 (24.9–35.3) 23.0 (21.4–24.8) 31.4 (28.1–35.0) 13.6 (12.2–15.0)
Duval County, FL 20.9 (18.1–23.9) 21.1 (18.8–23.6) 21.6 (19.8–23.5) 19.0 (17.1–21.2) 25.9 (21.7–30.6) 27.1 (19.5–36.3) 22.2 (19.6–25.0) 28.2 (23.5–33.5) 14.0 (11.9–16.4)
Ft. Worth, TX 23.0 (20.8–25.4) 21.5 (19.3–24.0) 22.4 (20.7–24.3) 21.5 (19.6–23.6) 27.1 (22.6–32.1) 31.1 (23.4–40.0) 27.7 (25.1–30.3) 34.6 (27.4–42.7) 16.2 (14.1–18.4)
Houston, TX 21.3 (19.2–23.7) 21.4 (19.1–24.0) 21.8 (20.0–23.7) 20.5 (18.6–22.5) 25.2 (20.6–30.3) 26.6 (19.1–35.7) 27.3 (24.3–30.5) 30.8 (24.6–37.9) 13.9 (12.2–15.8)
Los Angeles, CA 15.3 (12.4–18.6) 14.0 (10.4–18.5) 14.7 (12.5–17.3) 14.5 (12.1–17.2) 20.0 (14.5–26.9) 14.0 (7.3–25.2) 17.8 (14.3–21.9) 30.4 (21.5–41.0) 10.0 (7.6–13.1)
Miami-Dade County, FL 20.6 (18.5–22.9) 17.8 (15.3–20.6) 19.5 (17.9–21.2) 17.3 (15.7–19.0) 28.7 (23.4–34.8) 26.4 (17.3–38.1) 20.8 (18.3–23.6) 34.2 (26.3–43.0) 13.7 (11.8–15.9)
New York City, NY — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Oakland, CA 17.6 (14.9–20.6) 18.6 (15.2–22.5) 18.5 (16.2–20.9) 17.6 (15.3–20.2) 22.7 (17.0–29.7) 26.8 (18.6–36.9) 23.6 (20.4–27.1) 22.3 (15.5–31.0) 12.3 (9.5–15.9)
Orange County, FL 16.7 (14.2–19.5) 16.2 (12.8–20.4) 17.0 (14.5–19.8) 15.0 (12.6–17.8) 25.2 (18.1–33.9) 24.1 (15.2–36.2) 19.7 (16.4–23.4) 29.9 (20.0–42.0) 11.2 (8.6–14.5)
Palm Beach County, FL — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Philadelphia, PA 15.6 (13.0–18.5) 17.0 (13.0–22.0) 16.3 (14.2–18.7) 15.1 (12.6–18.0) 18.9 (13.3–26.0) 15.9 (8.2–28.4) 17.0 (14.5–19.7) 22.0 (14.6–31.7) 11.4 (9.0–14.2)
San Diego, CA 16.0 (13.8–18.6) 14.8 (12.7–17.2) 15.5 (13.8–17.3) 15.0 (13.4–16.8) 17.4 (12.8–23.1) 21.3 (13.2–32.5) 18.5 (16.0–21.3) 23.2 (15.8–32.9) 10.1 (8.4–12.0)
San Francisco, CA 14.3 (12.1–16.7) 13.5 (11.4–16.1) 14.0 (12.5–15.7) 13.0 (11.4–14.8) 18.9 (13.4–26.2) 19.1 (12.8–27.6) 21.0 (17.8–24.8) 26.9 (18.7–37.1) 8.3 (6.8–10.2)
Shelby County, TN 18.7 (15.7–22.3) 21.8 (18.8–25.0) 20.7 (18.3–23.4) 18.0 (15.9–20.4) 26.2 (19.8–33.8) 41.6 (29.0–55.4) 19.8 (17.0–22.8) 30.3 (22.6–39.3) 13.6 (10.4–17.7)
Median 18.7 18.6 19.5 17.6 25.2 24.1 21.2 29.9 13.6
Range 14.3–29.6 13.5–24.8 14.0–27.0 13.0–25.5 17.4–34.2 14.0–41.6 17.0–27.9 21.1–39.8 8.3–18.9

* In a car or other vehicle, one or more times during the 30 days before the survey.
† 95% confidence interval.
§ Not available.

TABLE 11. Percentage of high school students who drove when they had been drinking alcohol,* by sex, race/ethnicity, grade, sexual identity, and sex of sexual contacts — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2017Return to your place in the text
Category Sex Total
Female Male
% CI† % CI % CI
Total 4.1 (3.4–5.0) 6.8 (5.9–7.9) 5.5 (4.9–6.3)
Race/Ethnicity
White§ 3.8 (2.8–5.2) 6.3 (5.1–7.7) 5.0 (4.3–5.9)
Black§ 4.2 (2.6–6.9) 4.1 (2.8–5.8) 4.1 (3.2–5.3)
Hispanic 5.4 (4.2–7.0) 8.5 (6.7–10.6) 7.0 (5.7–8.7)
Grade
9 2.4 (1.7–3.6) 4.0 (2.4–6.6) 3.2 (2.3–4.4)
10 2.4 (1.3–4.4) 4.0 (2.5–6.3) 3.2 (2.3–4.5)
11 4.1 (3.0–5.7) 6.9 (5.3–8.9) 5.5 (4.5–6.8)
12 5.9 (4.5–7.7) 10.4 (8.5–12.8) 8.1 (6.7–9.8)
Sexual identity
Heterosexual (straight) 3.5 (2.7–4.4) 6.8 (5.7–8.0) 5.2 (4.5–6.0)
Gay, lesbian, or bisexual 7.1 (4.7–10.5) 6.6 (3.4–12.3) 6.9 (5.0–9.6)
Not sure 5.4 (2.0–13.8) 11.0 (4.9–23.0) 9.5 (5.1–17.1)
Sex of sexual contacts
Opposite sex only 5.4 (4.1–6.9) 10.8 (9.4–12.4) 8.4 (7.4–9.5)
Same sex only or both sexes 10.3 (7.8–13.4) 10.5 (4.6–22.0) 10.3 (7.9–13.3)
No sexual contact 1.2 (0.7–2.0) 0.9 (0.5–1.5) 1.0 (0.7–1.6)

* In a car or other vehicle, one or more times during the 30 days before the survey, among the 62.6% of students nationwide who had driven a car or other vehicle during the 30 days before the survey.
† 95% confidence interval.
§ Non-Hispanic.

TABLE 12. Percentage of high school students who drove when they had been drinking alcohol,* by sex, sexual identity, and sex of sexual contacts — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2017Return to your place in the text
Site Sex Total Sexual identity Sex of sexual contacts
Female Male Heterosexual (straight) Gay, lesbian, or bisexual Not sure Opposite sex only Same sex only or both sexes No sexual contact
% CI† % CI % CI % CI % CI % CI % CI % CI % CI
State surveys
Alaska 5.6 (3.2–9.7) 3.0 (1.7–5.2) 4.3 (2.9–6.5) —§ — — — — — — — — — — —
Arizona 5.7 (3.4–9.5) 6.7 (4.8–9.2) 6.2 (4.7–8.0) 5.7 (4.3–7.6) 9.3 (5.0–16.8) 4.0 (0.9–16.4) — — — — — —
Arkansas 7.7 (5.3–11.1) 12.8 (8.8–18.2) 10.7 (8.2–14.0) 8.2 (5.2–12.7) 18.3 (14.4–23.0) — — 13.6 (8.9–20.2) 16.3 (5.9–37.8) 1.6 (0.6–4.3)
California 4.9 (3.0–7.8) 4.7 (3.0–7.4) 4.9 (3.5–6.9) 4.8 (3.3–7.1) 4.6 (1.3–15.2) — — 7.1 (4.1–12.0) 12.1 (5.0–26.6) 1.3 (0.5–3.6)
Colorado 5.8 (3.1–10.4) 4.9 (3.3–7.2) 5.3 (3.4–8.0) 4.6 (3.1–6.8) 11.7 (5.6–22.7) — — — — — — — —
Connecticut 4.9 (3.0–7.9) 7.7 (5.3–11.0) 6.3 (4.8–8.1) 5.0 (3.4–7.2) 8.2 (3.7–17.0) 15.7 (7.7–29.5) 8.0 (5.8–11.1) 9.6 (4.2–20.5) 2.5 (1.2–5.2)
Delaware — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Florida 4.0 (2.9–5.4) 7.3 (5.7–9.3) 5.8 (4.9–6.9) 5.0 (4.0–6.1) 8.2 (5.4–12.2) 11.9 (7.6–18.1) 7.6 (6.0–9.6) 13.1 (9.0–18.8) 1.2 (0.7–2.0)
Hawaii — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Idaho 4.5 (2.6–7.7) 7.5 (5.0–11.0) 6.0 (4.4–8.2) — — — — — — — — — — — —
Illinois 3.6 (2.0–6.5) 5.9 (4.3–8.1) 5.2 (3.6–7.3) 4.7 (3.1–7.2) 3.7 (1.5–9.1) 4.2 (1.5–11.0) 7.2 (4.6–11.0) 9.6 (6.0–15.1) 1.1 (0.5–2.6)
Iowa 4.8 (3.2–7.2) 7.7 (4.4–13.1) 6.5 (4.1–10.2) 6.2 (3.8–9.9) 8.3 (2.7–22.9) — — 8.0 (5.7–11.1) 9.5 (3.5–23.3) 2.8 (1.1–7.0)
Kansas 5.9 (3.7–9.2) 6.9 (4.7–10.1) 6.4 (5.1–8.2) — — — — — — — — — — — —
Kentucky 3.0 (1.4–6.2) 4.3 (2.8–6.8) 3.9 (2.5–6.1) 3.8 (2.6–5.7) 6.0 (1.2–25.7) — — 5.1 (3.2–8.1) 5.2 (2.0–12.9) 1.2 (0.3–4.5)
Louisiana 9.5 (6.0–14.8) 10.6 (6.9–15.9) 10.0 (6.9–14.4) — — — — — — — — — — — —
Maine 3.0 (2.2–4.1) 5.3 (4.3–6.5) 4.3 (3.6–5.1) 3.8 (3.1–4.5) 4.4 (2.9–6.6) 14.0 (8.7–21.7) 5.5 (4.4–6.7) 10.4 (7.0–15.1) 0.6 (0.3–1.4)
Maryland 4.4 (3.8–5.0) 6.7 (6.1–7.3) 5.9 (5.5–6.4) 4.3 (3.9–4.7) 10.1 (8.6–11.9) 11.3 (8.7–14.6) — — — — — —
Massachusetts 3.8 (2.6–5.6) 7.4 (5.5–9.8) 5.7 (4.3–7.4) 5.2 (3.9–7.1) 7.3 (3.6–14.1) 7.9 (1.8–27.8) 8.3 (6.3–10.9) 8.8 (5.0–15.2) 0.9 (0.3–2.7)
Michigan 2.7 (1.3–5.4) 4.4 (2.4–8.0) 3.7 (2.4–5.5) 3.2 (1.9–5.4) 5.4 (2.0–14.1) 11.4 (3.9–28.8) 5.0 (2.9–8.5) 9.7 (4.9–18.3) 0.5 (0.4–0.7)
Missouri 3.6 (2.3–5.4) 6.6 (4.3–10.1) 5.3 (4.2–6.6) — — — — — — — — — — — —
Montana 6.7 (5.6–8.1) 8.4 (7.0–10.1) 7.6 (6.6–8.8) — — — — — — — — — — — —
Nebraska 5.7 (3.6–9.1) 6.9 (4.2–11.1) 6.3 (4.3–9.1) 6.0 (4.0–8.8) 11.7 (5.5–23.2) 4.3 (0.6–26.0) 12.2 (8.2–17.6) 20.0 (8.6–40.1) 0.5 (0.1–1.7)
Nevada 3.3 (1.9–5.5) 6.2 (4.2–8.9) 5.0 (3.5–7.2) 4.4 (3.2–6.0) 6.7 (1.7–22.6) — — 5.8 (3.9–8.5) 20.5 (10.2–36.8) 0.8 (0.2–2.7)
New Hampshire 4.5 (3.7–5.5) 6.8 (5.8–7.8) 5.8 (5.2–6.6) 5.3 (4.6–6.1) 8.2 (5.6–11.8) 12.3 (8.4–17.8) 7.4 (6.5–8.6) 17.2 (13.2–22.1) 1.1 (0.7–1.9)
New Mexico 6.0 (4.5–7.9) 6.9 (5.4–8.7) 6.5 (5.4–8.0) 5.4 (4.4–6.7) 11.5 (7.8–16.6) 17.2 (11.0–25.8) 9.2 (7.6–11.1) 16.2 (11.7–21.9) 1.1 (0.6–1.9)
New York — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
North Carolina 5.5 (3.9–7.6) 5.3 (3.9–7.2) 5.4 (4.3–6.7) 4.6 (3.5–5.9) 12.5 (7.0–21.2) 8.5 (3.1–21.4) 7.2 (5.3–9.8) 15.1 (10.0–22.0) 0.9 (0.2–3.2)
North Dakota 4.9 (3.6–6.6) 8.1 (5.8–11.2) 6.5 (5.1–8.3) 6.5 (5.0–8.4) 9.8 (4.4–20.3) 1.7 (0.2–11.2) — — — — — —
Oklahoma 5.3 (3.2–8.7) 5.3 (2.8–10.0) 5.3 (3.4–8.3) 5.0 (3.0–8.4) 12.3 (5.0–27.2) 0.0 — 8.2 (5.1–12.9) 13.0 (4.4–32.6) 0.5 (0.1–2.2)
Pennsylvania 4.2 (2.4–7.3) 5.4 (3.7–7.6) 5.0 (3.7–6.7) 4.8 (3.5–6.5) 5.2 (2.5–10.7) 3.7 (0.6–20.7) 7.2 (4.8–10.6) 6.5 (2.9–13.9) 1.1 (0.4–3.0)
Rhode Island — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
South Carolina 5.2 (3.6–7.4) 9.0 (6.0–13.4) 7.5 (5.5–10.1) 6.4 (4.6–8.9) 9.9 (4.4–20.6) — — 9.7 (6.8–13.6) 16.5 (8.3–30.1) 1.3 (0.4–4.4)
Tennessee — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Texas 5.7 (3.7–8.6) 8.3 (6.0–11.3) 7.1 (5.2–9.6) 6.6 (4.8–9.1) 8.3 (4.0–16.3) 10.1 (2.9–30.1) 10.8 (7.5–15.2) 15.7 (8.2–27.7) 1.2 (0.4–3.3)
Utah 1.6 (0.8–3.1) 3.7 (2.2–6.3) 2.8 (1.9–4.1) — — — — — — — — — — — —
Vermont 5.3 (4.8–6.0) 8.8 (8.1–9.5) 7.3 (6.8–7.8) 6.7 (6.3–7.2) 9.6 (7.9–11.6) 14.3 (11.2–18.0) 9.6 (8.9–10.3) 19.0 (16.3–22.0) 0.7 (0.5–1.0)
Virginia 4.8 (3.5–6.6) 6.0 (4.6–7.9) 5.6 (4.5–6.9) — — — — — — — — — — — —
West Virginia 2.6 (1.2–5.5) 7.6 (5.6–10.4) 5.4 (3.9–7.5) 5.2 (3.6–7.3) 8.5 (2.9–22.6) — — 7.2 (5.4–9.6) 13.4 (6.3–26.3) 1.0 (0.3–3.2)
Wisconsin 3.4 (2.0–5.5) 7.2 (4.9–10.5) 5.5 (3.8–8.0) 5.0 (3.3–7.5) 8.4 (4.0–16.8) 8.6 (2.8–23.4) 7.2 (4.5–11.3) 18.0 (8.9–33.0) 1.2 (0.5–2.8)
Median 4.8 6.8 5.7 5.0 8.4 9.4 7.5 13.3 1.1
Range 1.6–9.5 3.0–12.8 2.8–10.7 3.2–8.2 3.7–18.3 0.0–17.2 5.0–13.6 5.2–20.5 0.5–2.8
Large urban school district surveys
Baltimore, MD 3.0 (1.3–6.9) 6.0 (2.4–13.9) 4.6 (2.4–8.5) 1.5 (0.5–4.4) 2.9 (0.4–20.2) — — 1.0 (0.1–7.2) 21.3 (8.3–44.9) 0.9 (0.2–4.3)
Boston, MA — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Broward County, FL 4.9 (2.3–10.1) 7.3 (2.9–17.3) 6.2 (3.1–11.8) 6.8 (3.2–14.1) 1.2 (0.2–8.8) — — 10.8 (4.9–22.3) 6.6 (1.2–28.6) 0.1 (0.0–0.8)
Chicago, IL 3.0 (1.6–5.5) 6.6 (3.5–12.1) 5.4 (3.1–9.0) 4.4 (2.2–8.7) 10.9 (5.6–20.1) — — 6.6 (3.2–12.8) 14.5 (7.0–27.5) 1.2 (0.4–4.1)
Cleveland, OH 3.9 (2.0–7.6) 7.6 (5.0–11.3) 6.2 (4.4–8.7) 4.4 (2.9–6.6) 12.1 (6.2–22.3) — — 4.5 (2.5–7.7) 17.9 (9.2–31.8) 1.6 (0.4–5.7)
DeKalb County, GA 3.1 (1.7–5.8) 3.5 (1.7–7.0) 3.3 (2.2–5.0) 2.9 (1.8–4.6) 5.0 (1.8–13.3) 5.1 (1.1–21.4) 4.2 (2.5–7.0) 9.6 (4.2–20.6) 0.9 (0.3–3.0)
Detroit, MI 2.7 (1.4–5.0) 4.3 (1.9–9.2) 3.5 (2.0–6.0) 2.9 (1.3–6.3) 3.2 (0.9–11.4) — — 4.5 (1.9–10.3) 7.8 (3.6–16.0) 1.3 (0.3–4.9)
District of Columbia 5.5 (4.3–7.0) 7.0 (5.6–8.7) 7.0 (5.9–8.1) 4.6 (3.7–5.7) 14.3 (10.7–18.8) 18.8 (12.3–27.7) 4.7 (3.5–6.3) 19.1 (14.9–24.2) 1.0 (0.4–2.4)
Duval County, FL 3.6 (2.5–5.3) 5.4 (4.1–7.0) 5.1 (4.0–6.5) 2.7 (2.0–3.6) 7.9 (4.8–12.7) 7.3 (3.6–14.5) 3.8 (2.8–5.2) 10.3 (6.8–15.3) 0.8 (0.3–2.3)
Ft. Worth, TX 4.7 (3.4–6.6) 8.6 (6.7–10.8) 6.9 (5.8–8.2) 6.6 (5.4–8.1) 6.7 (3.8–11.5) 2.5 (0.6–10.2) 11.2 (9.0–13.8) 11.6 (6.7–19.5) 0.9 (0.4–2.1)
Houston, TX 5.3 (3.7–7.7) 8.7 (6.7–11.2) 7.3 (5.9–9.0) 6.1 (4.8–7.7) 9.3 (5.3–15.9) 17.7 (8.9–32.1) 9.9 (7.6–12.9) 17.5 (10.8–27.2) 2.0 (1.1–3.9)
Los Angeles, CA 4.8 (2.5–8.9) 4.6 (2.0–10.3) 5.1 (2.8–8.9) 3.9 (2.0–7.6) 17.9 (6.1–42.5) — — 6.1 (2.8–12.8) 15.0 (4.9–37.9) 2.4 (0.8–7.0)
Miami-Dade County, FL 4.4 (2.7–7.1) 6.4 (4.4–9.2) 5.6 (4.3–7.3) 4.8 (3.6–6.4) 7.8 (3.9–14.8) 15.7 (5.0–39.8) 6.7 (4.7–9.3) 10.7 (5.7–19.4) 1.7 (0.7–4.1)
New York City, NY — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Oakland, CA — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Orange County, FL 3.3 (1.6–6.5) 8.9 (6.0–13.0) 6.5 (4.6–9.2) 4.5 (2.9–7.0) 15.8 (7.3–31.0) — — 9.1 (6.1–13.3) 15.1 (6.4–31.5) 0.9 (0.2–4.2)
Palm Beach County, FL 6.5 (4.1–10.1) 7.2 (5.2–9.7) 7.0 (5.2–9.2) 6.2 (4.4–8.6) 9.5 (4.9–17.8) 11.3 (5.5–21.6) 10.4 (7.3–14.6) 15.1 (8.3–26.0) 1.0 (0.4–2.5)
Philadelphia, PA 1.9 (0.6–6.0) 2.6 (1.1–5.8) 2.3 (1.2–4.4) 1.6 (0.6–4.2) 4.7 (0.9–21.6) — — 2.4 (0.9–6.5) 6.5 (1.4–25.2) 0.4 (0.1–3.1)
San Diego, CA 6.7 (4.8–9.4) 8.8 (6.6–11.6) 8.0 (6.2–10.2) 7.6 (6.0–9.7) 10.2 (4.4–21.6) 8.4 (2.4–25.4) 10.5 (8.1–13.5) 16.5 (7.4–32.8) 1.4 (0.4–5.0)
San Francisco, CA 3.5 (1.5–8.2) 4.7 (2.3–9.2) 4.9 (2.8–8.3) 3.9 (1.8–7.9) 4.9 (1.3–16.6) 15.5 (6.6–32.5) 4.1 (1.8–8.9) 14.7 (4.3–40.0) 1.0 (0.2–3.8)
Shelby County, TN 1.4 (0.5–3.7) 3.0 (1.5–5.7) 2.2 (1.2–3.9) 1.2 (0.6–2.4) 2.8 (1.0–7.8) 16.5 (7.1–34.0) 2.0 (0.8–4.9) 9.4 (4.5–18.7) 0.5 (0.1–3.7)
Median 3.7 6.5 5.5 4.4 7.8 13.4 5.4 14.6 1.0
Range 1.4–6.7 2.6–8.9 2.2–8.0 1.2–7.6 1.2–17.9 2.5–18.8 1.0–11.2 6.5–21.3 0.1–2.4

* In a car or other vehicle, one or more times during the 30 days before the survey, among students who had driven a car or other vehicle during the 30 days before the survey.
† 95% confidence interval.
§ Not available.

TABLE 13. Percentage of high school students who drove when they had been using marijuana,* by sex, race/ethnicity, grade, sexual identity, and sex of sexual contacts — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2017Return to your place in the text
Category Sex Total
Female Male
% CI† % CI % CI
Total 11.3 (9.6–13.2) 14.6 (13.1–16.3) 13.0 (11.7–14.6)
Race/Ethnicity
White§ 10.2 (8.1–12.8) 13.7 (11.7–16.1) 11.9 (10.2–13.9)
Black§ 13.3 (9.9–17.7) 14.1 (10.3–19.0) 13.7 (11.4–16.6)
Hispanic 13.6 (10.2–18.0) 15.9 (13.9–18.3) 14.8 (12.5–17.5)
Grade
9 4.5 (2.8–7.2) 10.2 (7.6–13.5) 7.3 (5.5–9.7)
10 8.9 (6.5–12.2) 13.5 (11.0–16.5) 11.3 (9.4–13.5)
11 11.7 (9.0–15.2) 12.8 (10.5–15.4) 12.3 (10.2–14.6)
12 16.5 (13.2–20.5) 20.1 (16.6–24.1) 18.3 (15.5–21.5)
Sexual identity
Heterosexual (straight) 10.0 (8.3–12.0) 14.1 (12.5–15.9) 12.2 (10.9–13.7)
Gay, lesbian, or bisexual 20.2 (15.3–26.1) 21.0 (12.7–32.5) 20.5 (16.1–25.7)
Not sure 18.0 (8.5–34.3) 23.8 (14.4–36.5) 21.7 (13.3–33.3)
Sex of sexual contacts
Opposite sex only 16.0 (13.6–18.8) 21.4 (19.0–24.1) 19.1 (17.0–21.2)
Same sex only or both sexes 30.5 (24.4–37.2) 28.7 (19.0–40.9) 30.0 (24.6–36.1)
No sexual contact 2.0 (1.3–3.1) 3.2 (2.1–5.0) 2.6 (1.9–3.6)

* Also called grass, pot, or weed, in a car or other vehicle, one or more times during the 30 days before the survey, among the 64.5% of students nationwide who had driven a car or other vehicle during the 30 days before the survey.
† 95% confidence interval.
§ Non-Hispanic.

TABLE 14. Percentage of high school students who texted or e-mailed while driving a car or other vehicle,* by sex, race/ethnicity, grade, sexual identity, and sex of sexual contacts — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2017Return to your place in the text
Category Sex Total
Female Male
% CI† % CI % CI
Total 40.2 (37.4–43.1) 38.2 (35.7–40.7) 39.2 (37.0–41.4)
Race/Ethnicity
White§ 46.0 (42.2–49.9) 41.7 (38.5–45.0) 43.9 (41.1–46.7)
Black§ 27.4 (23.0–32.2) 26.3 (22.1–31.1) 26.9 (24.4–29.5)
Hispanic 36.8 (32.0–41.9) 36.5 (32.6–40.5) 36.6 (33.6–39.6)
Grade
9 11.3 (8.6–14.6) 14.4 (11.5–18.0) 12.9 (11.1–14.9)
10 25.1 (20.5–30.2) 24.0 (20.4–28.0) 24.5 (21.2–28.2)
11 47.9 (42.6–53.2) 43.2 (39.0–47.6) 45.5 (41.4–49.7)
12 60.3 (56.4–64.0) 58.5 (53.3–63.5) 59.3 (55.8–62.6)
Sexual identity
Heterosexual (straight) 41.5 (38.1–44.9) 38.0 (35.8–40.4) 39.5 (37.3–41.8)
Gay, lesbian, or bisexual 39.9 (33.5–46.5) 32.1 (21.9–44.3) 38.1 (32.4–44.1)
Not sure 34.6 (25.0–45.5) 35.1 (23.2–49.3) 35.9 (28.0–44.6)
Sex of sexual contacts
Opposite sex only 55.6 (51.3–59.7) 50.7 (47.8–53.6) 52.9 (50.0–55.7)
Same sex only or both sexes 45.3 (39.0–51.8) 40.2 (27.5–54.4) 44.0 (37.5–50.7)
No sexual contact 25.1 (22.2–28.2) 20.9 (18.2–23.8) 23.0 (20.7–25.5)

* On at least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey, among the 62.8% of students nationwide who had driven a car or other vehicle during the 30 days before the survey.
† 95% confidence interval.
§ Non-Hispanic.

TABLE 15. Percentage of high school students who texted or e-mailed while driving a car or other vehicle,* by sex, sexual identity, and sex of sexual contacts — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2017Return to your place in the text
Site Sex Total Sexual identity Sex of sexual contacts
Female Male Heterosexual (straight) Gay, lesbian, or bisexual Not sure Opposite sex only Same sex only or both sexes No sexual contact
% CI† % CI % CI % CI % CI % CI % CI % CI % CI
State surveys
Alaska 32.6 (25.7–40.2) 24.8 (19.6–30.8) 28.6 (23.8–34.0) —§ — — — — — — — — — — —
Arizona — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Arkansas 45.8 (39.3–52.3) 45.4 (36.3–54.8) 46.2 (39.7–52.8) 42.8 (35.6–50.2) 59.2 (46.6–70.7) — — 52.1 (47.1–57.0) 61.6 (50.8–71.3) 26.1 (18.6–35.4)
California 33.6 (23.3–45.8) 34.2 (24.0–46.2) 34.3 (25.1–44.8) 35.1 (25.6–46.1) 27.4 (14.8–45.0) — — 46.7 (34.2–59.7) 37.4 (25.5–51.1) 18.3 (11.5–27.8)
Colorado 37.4 (29.0–46.6) 32.8 (27.2–38.9) 35.2 (29.4–41.4) 36.3 (29.9–43.1) 46.9 (38.3–55.7) — — — — — — — —
Connecticut 32.6 (27.7–38.0) 33.3 (28.0–39.1) 33.0 (28.7–37.7) 34.4 (29.7–39.4) 24.3 (16.2–34.9) 30.9 (15.4–52.2) 46.0 (41.4–50.6) 31.8 (23.3–41.7) 17.0 (12.3–22.9)
Delaware 47.1 (40.4–54.0) 42.8 (38.5–47.3) 45.0 (40.3–49.8) 45.2 (40.1–50.4) 43.9 (32.3–56.3) 50.1 (28.6–71.5) 52.1 (46.1–58.0) 53.1 (42.3–63.6) 27.4 (21.9–33.8)
Florida 33.1 (30.2–36.2) 36.9 (33.8–40.1) 35.1 (33.0–37.4) 35.2 (32.8–37.7) 33.4 (27.7–39.6) 35.7 (28.3–43.9) 47.5 (44.1–50.9) 49.1 (41.8–56.6) 18.1 (15.9–20.5)
Hawaii 36.3 (32.3–40.5) 38.8 (34.8–42.9) 38.2 (35.0–41.4) 37.3 (33.6–41.2) 40.5 (31.5–50.2) 34.1 (25.1–44.5) 47.8 (42.7–52.9) 47.4 (37.0–58.1) 23.4 (20.1–27.0)
Idaho 49.0 (43.3–54.8) 45.0 (39.0–51.1) 47.0 (41.8–52.2) — — — — — — — — — — — —
Illinois 36.5 (30.0–43.5) 37.0 (31.5–42.8) 37.1 (31.7–42.9) 37.5 (31.6–43.9) 35.9 (27.3–45.5) 30.4 (21.5–41.1) 49.9 (41.0–58.7) 45.2 (36.2–54.5) 21.1 (17.3–25.3)
Iowa 56.0 (47.7–64.0) 53.8 (48.0–59.4) 55.2 (49.9–60.3) 55.8 (49.7–61.7) 44.1 (30.3–58.8) 66.5 (42.4–84.3) 71.2 (67.0–75.1) 55.6 (43.4–67.2) 33.8 (24.3–44.9)
Kansas 49.4 (44.1–54.7) 46.4 (39.3–53.6) 48.0 (43.5–52.5) — — — — — — — — — — — —
Kentucky 30.2 (22.7–39.0) 37.7 (32.8–42.9) 34.7 (29.9–39.9) 34.7 (29.7–40.1) 35.4 (24.7–47.8) 31.8 (16.2–52.9) 45.4 (40.1–50.8) 31.9 (19.2–48.0) 19.6 (13.0–28.4)
Louisiana 41.1 (32.3–50.4) 44.7 (35.7–54.0) 43.0 (35.4–51.0) — — — — — — — — — — — —
Maine — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Maryland 26.7 (25.2–28.2) 28.3 (27.1–29.6) 28.1 (27.0–29.2) 27.1 (26.0–28.3) 32.3 (29.6–35.2) 31.5 (27.3–36.0) — — — — — —
Massachusetts 34.0 (30.1–38.1) 36.8 (31.2–42.9) 35.6 (31.4–40.0) 35.7 (31.1–40.7) 34.8 (26.4–44.3) 28.3 (14.4–48.2) 48.3 (41.9–54.8) 46.0 (37.5–54.7) 16.1 (12.3–20.8)
Michigan 40.4 (32.3–49.0) 38.0 (32.7–43.5) 39.4 (33.5–45.8) 38.9 (32.3–45.9) 39.7 (27.8–53.0) 39.3 (28.8–50.8) 51.7 (43.9–59.4) 49.7 (34.9–64.6) 20.6 (15.9–26.1)
Missouri 47.7 (42.8–52.6) 44.5 (37.5–51.7) 46.4 (41.4–51.3) — — — — — — — — — — — —
Montana 56.6 (53.3–59.9) 51.9 (48.6–55.2) 54.2 (51.4–57.0) — — — — — — — — — — — —
Nebraska 51.0 (43.4–58.5) 45.8 (39.6–52.1) 48.3 (43.1–53.6) 49.9 (44.6–55.2) 52.9 (36.2–68.9) 34.9 (22.6–49.7) 65.8 (59.2–71.7) 58.5 (36.8–77.4) 35.6 (30.3–41.3)
Nevada 31.0 (24.5–38.4) 32.2 (26.9–37.9) 31.9 (27.1–37.2) 31.4 (26.6–36.7) 35.8 (27.3–45.2) — — 43.0 (35.8–50.5) 36.3 (24.8–49.6) 18.0 (13.2–23.9)
New Hampshire 43.0 (40.0–46.0) 40.3 (37.4–43.3) 41.7 (39.2–44.2) 42.5 (39.9–45.2) 37.0 (31.9–42.4) 34.5 (27.9–41.8) 52.3 (49.6–55.1) 53.0 (46.5–59.4) 23.9 (21.3–26.8)
New Mexico 39.8 (35.6–44.2) 39.3 (36.0–42.6) 39.6 (36.3–43.0) 39.5 (36.1–42.9) 38.5 (33.4–43.9) 45.6 (35.0–56.6) 51.5 (47.3–55.7) 51.9 (44.5–59.2) 23.4 (21.1–26.0)
New York 21.9 (19.3–24.8) 31.3 (26.1–37.1) 27.4 (24.8–30.1) 25.6 (22.1–29.5) 32.3 (24.6–41.0) 41.3 (34.5–48.6) 34.0 (28.9–39.5) 48.1 (39.0–57.3) 14.4 (12.0–17.3)
North Carolina 40.2 (33.9–46.8) 35.8 (29.7–42.5) 38.0 (32.4–43.8) 37.8 (32.2–43.8) 41.0 (33.3–49.1) 35.6 (22.3–51.6) 48.2 (41.2–55.1) 53.0 (43.6–62.2) 22.2 (17.0–28.4)
North Dakota 55.3 (50.5–60.0) 50.1 (45.2–54.9) 52.6 (48.6–56.6) 54.3 (50.0–58.5) 42.5 (30.8–55.2) 35.1 (21.2–52.0) — — — — — —
Oklahoma 50.7 (43.2–58.0) 41.7 (35.9–47.7) 45.7 (41.9–49.6) 46.6 (42.7–50.7) 41.2 (25.1–59.4) 49.3 (28.4–70.4) 55.5 (50.1–60.8) 52.5 (34.1–70.3) 31.3 (23.1–40.9)
Pennsylvania 38.5 (33.5–43.7) 36.4 (31.1–42.1) 37.4 (33.0–42.0) 38.0 (33.3–42.8) 35.9 (24.6–49.0) 29.0 (14.0–50.5) 50.0 (44.4–55.6) 44.7 (31.3–58.8) 19.2 (14.7–24.7)
Rhode Island 31.5 (25.4–38.3) 41.3 (37.3–45.4) 37.3 (33.9–40.8) 36.7 (32.6–41.0) 42.8 (30.7–56.0) 34.7 (18.3–55.9) 47.0 (41.5–52.6) 49.4 (34.8–64.1) 19.7 (13.3–28.2)
South Carolina 44.1 (34.6–54.1) 46.0 (39.1–52.9) 45.4 (38.9–52.1) 44.8 (38.2–51.5) 44.3 (32.9–56.3) 33.5 (14.2–60.6) 54.3 (48.1–60.4) 54.0 (44.8–62.9) 31.1 (24.5–38.5)
Tennessee 51.1 (43.4–58.7) 46.8 (41.5–52.2) 49.0 (43.7–54.3) — — — — — — — — — — — —
Texas 39.7 (34.3–45.4) 38.5 (34.4–42.8) 39.3 (35.2–43.5) 38.8 (34.4–43.3) 42.5 (31.0–54.8) 34.0 (15.6–58.9) 51.2 (45.8–56.5) 50.0 (36.7–63.3) 21.8 (16.6–28.1)
Utah 38.2 (31.7–45.2) 42.5 (35.9–49.4) 40.6 (35.0–46.4) — — — — — — — — — — — —
Vermont 33.9 (32.7–35.2) 34.0 (32.8–35.2) 34.1 (33.2–34.9) 34.5 (33.6–35.4) 30.4 (27.6–33.3) 33.7 (29.4–38.2) 45.3 (44.1–46.5) 42.9 (39.4–46.4) 14.0 (13.0–15.1)
Virginia — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
West Virginia 34.2 (25.5–44.1) 33.7 (28.5–39.2) 34.0 (28.2–40.4) 34.4 (28.1–41.3) 33.6 (25.3–43.0) — — 42.4 (35.5–49.7) 41.7 (26.2–59.0) 18.9 (12.7–27.3)
Wisconsin 47.3 (42.3–52.3) 44.0 (38.5–49.7) 45.7 (41.7–49.7) 46.6 (42.3–50.9) 44.5 (36.1–53.2) 35.0 (22.1–50.6) 62.0 (56.0–67.7) 61.5 (50.4–71.6) 24.1 (19.9–28.9)
Median 39.7 39.0 39.3 37.7 39.1 34.7 49.9 49.4 21.1
Range 21.9–56.6 24.8–53.8 27.4–55.2 25.6–55.8 24.3–59.2 28.3–66.5 34.0–71.2 31.8–61.6 14.0–35.6
Large urban school district surveys
Baltimore, MD 17.2 (11.8–24.4) 32.6 (23.5–43.2) 25.7 (20.3–32.1) 23.0 (17.8–29.3) 28.4 (16.9–43.5) — — 22.6 (14.6–33.3) 47.3 (29.8–65.5) 9.7 (4.7–19.0)
Boston, MA 29.4 (22.2–37.9) 39.4 (32.0–47.2) 35.1 (29.5–41.2) 35.3 (29.6–41.5) 35.1 (20.0–54.1) — — 37.0 (30.1–44.5) — — 24.5 (17.4–33.3)
Broward County, FL 30.5 (21.6–41.1) 37.4 (29.2–46.4) 34.4 (27.3–42.3) 35.2 (27.3–44.1) 25.4 (13.2–43.3) — — 46.9 (34.3–59.9) 44.0 (24.1–66.0) 14.2 (9.3–21.1)
Chicago, IL 24.4 (18.8–30.9) 29.0 (23.5–35.1) 27.4 (22.7–32.6) 26.5 (21.9–31.8) 31.3 (19.7–45.9) 29.7 (15.1–50.1) 32.4 (24.8–41.0) 44.7 (29.3–61.1) 14.7 (10.2–20.8)
Cleveland, OH 19.8 (14.9–25.9) 21.6 (17.2–26.7) 21.0 (17.8–24.7) 21.3 (17.7–25.4) 15.9 (9.1–26.5) — — 24.6 (19.5–30.7) 29.8 (17.2–46.3) 9.3 (5.6–15.1)
DeKalb County, GA 25.1 (19.9–31.1) 29.7 (23.8–36.3) 27.6 (23.0–32.7) 25.0 (20.9–29.7) 41.2 (29.6–53.9) 30.9 (16.7–49.9) 33.4 (27.5–39.8) 49.5 (36.8–62.3) 15.4 (10.7–21.7)
Detroit, MI 25.0 (19.8–30.9) 28.3 (22.3–35.2) 26.8 (21.9–32.3) 28.8 (23.0–35.4) 17.5 (10.1–28.6) — — 33.3 (26.8–40.5) 29.3 (19.4–41.6) 20.6 (14.3–28.8)
District of Columbia — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Duval County, FL 30.5 (26.5–34.8) 31.3 (27.3–35.6) 31.4 (28.2–34.7) 28.6 (25.4–32.1) 39.3 (33.5–45.6) 33.2 (23.6–44.4) 39.3 (35.0–43.8) 44.0 (37.2–51.1) 15.5 (12.0–19.7)
Ft. Worth, TX 33.5 (29.9–37.3) 38.5 (34.9–42.3) 36.3 (33.6–39.2) 36.0 (33.2–38.9) 41.1 (33.3–49.3) 28.9 (18.1–42.7) 47.9 (43.7–52.1) 51.5 (41.7–61.3) 22.2 (19.0–25.8)
Houston, TX 30.2 (26.4–34.3) 34.8 (31.3–38.5) 33.1 (30.3–36.0) 31.3 (28.0–34.9) 41.9 (34.1–50.2) 36.8 (24.8–50.7) 41.8 (37.5–46.3) 50.9 (42.0–59.8) 19.7 (16.2–23.6)
Los Angeles, CA 15.4 (8.1–27.5) 19.7 (12.9–29.1) 18.0 (12.0–26.2) 16.8 (11.6–23.9) 31.2 (12.6–58.7) — — 25.4 (16.3–37.2) 32.0 (16.5–52.8) 7.5 (3.6–15.1)
Miami-Dade County, FL 33.4 (28.9–38.3) 38.8 (34.2–43.5) 36.6 (32.8–40.6) 37.0 (33.3–40.8) 37.1 (27.6–47.7) 37.3 (20.6–57.7) 47.4 (42.7–52.2) 35.7 (26.6–46.1) 22.0 (18.0–26.6)
New York City, NY 25.8 (20.8–31.6) 36.5 (33.5–39.6) 33.8 (31.5–36.3) 27.7 (24.9–30.7) 44.7 (37.1–52.5) 47.2 (42.7–51.8) 34.5 (30.5–38.8) 53.3 (42.4–63.9) 20.5 (16.1–25.8)
Oakland, CA — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
Orange County, FL 35.2 (29.3–41.5) 31.9 (26.3–38.1) 33.9 (29.5–38.6) 32.4 (27.4–37.9) 53.7 (39.7–67.1) — — 43.0 (37.4–48.9) 58.4 (44.4–71.2) 18.7 (13.7–25.0)
Palm Beach County, FL 35.2 (29.6–41.3) 36.1 (30.4–42.1) 36.0 (31.0–41.3) 36.9 (31.5–42.6) 34.7 (25.9–44.6) 30.6 (21.4–41.8) 46.8 (39.7–54.0) 46.4 (35.0–58.2) 20.9 (16.3–26.4)
Philadelphia, PA 16.3 (11.8–22.1) 30.6 (20.6–42.9) 24.6 (18.1–32.5) 24.0 (17.3–32.3) 26.6 (13.5–45.6) — — 29.2 (20.3–40.1) 39.2 (22.5–58.8) 9.0 (4.9–16.1)
San Diego, CA 33.7 (28.2–39.7) 26.4 (21.6–31.9) 29.9 (26.1–34.0) 30.2 (26.3–34.4) 28.5 (17.2–43.3) 27.3 (15.6–43.3) 37.7 (32.6–43.1) 34.1 (22.5–48.0) 18.2 (13.3–24.4)
San Francisco, CA 18.6 (13.6–24.9) 16.7 (12.6–21.8) 18.1 (14.7–22.1) 16.4 (12.8–20.6) 23.2 (11.5–41.3) 26.3 (14.4–42.9) 23.5 (16.9–31.7) 30.2 (18.1–45.9) 6.1 (3.5–10.5)
Shelby County, TN 30.7 (25.7–36.1) 34.9 (28.7–41.6) 33.7 (29.1–38.6) 32.2 (26.9–37.9) 37.9 (26.0–51.6) 38.6 (23.3–56.6) 38.5 (31.1–46.5) 45.4 (32.1–59.4) 20.3 (15.0–26.8)
Median 29.4 31.9 31.4 28.8 34.7 30.9 37.0 44.3 18.2
Range 15.4–35.2 16.7–39.4 18.0–36.6 16.4–37.0 15.9–53.7 26.3–47.2 22.6–47.9 29.3–58.4 6.1–24.5

* On at least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey, among students who had driven a car or other vehicle during the 30 days before the survey.
† 95% confidence interval.
§ Not available.

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