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Assessment of Skin
Exposure to Permanent Hair Dyes
Marie-Louise Lind, Occupational Dermatology, National Institute for Working
Life, Stockholm, Sweden (Corresponding Author)
Birgitta Meding, Occupational Dermatology, National Institute for Working
Life, Stockholm, Sweden
Jan Sollenberg, Occupational Dermatology, National Institute for Working
Life, Stockholm, Sweden
Jouni Surakka, Occupational Dermatology, National Institute for Working
Life, Stockholm, Sweden
Anders Boman, Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Department of
Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, Stockholm,
Sweden
Background
Hairdressers are a high-risk group for developing hand eczema. Permanent
hair dye products contain contact allergens such as p-phenylenediamine
and similar aromatic amines. Assessment of dermal exposure of the hands
may be a useful tool for prevention of occupational skin disease in hairdressers.
Aim
To develop a method for assessment of occupational skin exposure to permanent
hair dyes.
Method
Human volunteers were exposed to known amounts of hair dye products on
the hands. Skin sampling was performed by hand washing with a borate buffer
using a bag rinsing technique. The wash fluids were collected and analysed
by HPLC. The sampling efficiency, the effect of residence time and sample
load were studied for two hair dye products and a solution of 5 reference
compounds that were stabilized with ascorbic acid. The 5 reference compounds
were selected after an inventory of existing compounds in common permanent
hair dye products in Sweden.
Results and conclusion
Preliminary results indicate that the sampling efficiency decreases with
increasing residence time for the compounds in the hair dye products while
the sampling efficiency for the compounds in the reference solution is
not affected to the same extent. The sampling efficiency is sufficient
for assessment of dermal exposure in the laboratory and in a pilot study
performed in a hairdressing salon.
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