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Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance — United States, 2011

Danice K. Eaton, PhD,1 Laura Kann, PhD,1 Steve Kinchen,1 Shari Shanklin, MS,1 Katherine H. Flint, MS,2 Joseph Hawkins, MA,3 William A. Harris, MM,1 Richard Lowry, MD,1 Tim McManus, MS,1 David Chyen, MS,1 Lisa Whittle, MPH,1 Connie Lim, MPA,1
Howell Wechsler, EdD1

1Division of Adolescent and School Health, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, CDC

2ICF Macro, Calverton, Maryland

3Westat, Rockville, Maryland



Abstract

Problem: Priority health-risk behaviors, which are behaviors that contribute to the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among youth and adults, often are established during childhood and adolescence, extend into adulthood, and are interrelated and preventable.

Reporting Period Covered: September 2010–December 2011.

Description of the System: The Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) monitors six categories of priority health-risk behaviors among youth and young adults: 1) behaviors that contribute to unintentional injuries and violence; 2) tobacco use; 3) alcohol and other drug use; 4) sexual behaviors that contribute to unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection; 5) unhealthy dietary behaviors; and 6) physical inactivity. In addition, YRBSS monitors the prevalence of obesity and asthma. YRBSS includes a national school-based Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) conducted by CDC and state and large urban school district school-based YRBSs conducted by state and local education and health agencies. This report summarizes results from the 2011 national survey, 43 state surveys, and 21 large urban school district surveys conducted among students in grades 9–12.

Results: Results from the 2011 national YRBS indicated that many high school students are engaged in priority health-risk behaviors associated with the leading causes of death among persons aged 10–24 years in the United States. During the 30 days before the survey, 32.8% of high school students nationwide had texted or e-mailed while driving, 38.7% had drunk alcohol, and 23.1% had used marijuana. During the 12 months before the survey, 32.8% of students had been in a physical fight, 20.1% had ever been bullied on school property, and 7.8% had attempted suicide. Many high school students nationwide are engaged in sexual risk behaviors associated with unintended pregnancies and STDs, including HIV infection. Nearly half (47.4%) of students had ever had sexual intercourse, 33.7% had had sexual intercourse during the 3 months before the survey (i.e., currently sexually active), and 15.3% had had sexual intercourse with four or more people during their life. Among currently sexually active students, 60.2% had used a condom during their last sexual intercourse. Results from the 2011 national YRBS also indicate many high school students are engaged in behaviors associated with the leading causes of death among adults aged ≥25 years in the United States. During the 30 days before the survey, 18.1% of high school students had smoked cigarettes and 7.7% had used smokeless tobacco. During the 7 days before the survey, 4.8% of high school students had not eaten fruit or drunk 100% fruit juices and 5.7% had not eaten vegetables. Nearly one-third (31.1%) had played video or computer games for 3 or more hours on an average school day.

Interpretation: Since 1991, the prevalence of many priority health-risk behaviors among high school students nationwide has decreased. However, many high school students continue to engage in behaviors that place them at risk for the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Variations were observed in many health-risk behaviors by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade. The prevalence of some health-risk behaviors varied substantially among states and large urban school districts.

Public Health Action: YRBS data are used to measure progress toward achieving 20 national health objectives for Healthy People 2020 and one of the 26 leading health indicators; to assess trends in priority health-risk behaviors among high school students; and to evaluate the impact of broad school and community interventions at the national, state, and local levels. More effective school health programs and other policy and programmatic interventions are needed to reduce risk and improve health outcomes among youth.

Introduction

In the United States, 72% of all deaths among youth and young adults aged 10–24 years result from four causes: motor vehicle crashes (26%), other unintentional injuries (17%), homicide (16%), and suicide (13%) (1). Substantial morbidity and social problems also result from the estimated 410,000 births (2); 517,174 cases of chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis (3); and 2,036 cases of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (4) reported in 2009 among youth aged 15–19 years. Among adults aged ≥25 years, 57% of all deaths in the United States result from cardiovascular disease (34%) and cancer (23%) (1). These leading causes of morbidity and mortality among youth and adults in the United States are related to six categories of priority health-risk behaviors: 1) behaviors that contribute to unintentional injuries and violence; 2) tobacco use; 3) alcohol and other drug use; 4) sexual behaviors that contribute to unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), including HIV infection; 5) unhealthy dietary behaviors; and 6) physical inactivity. These behaviors frequently are interrelated and are established during childhood and adolescence and extend into adulthood. To monitor priority health-risk behaviors in each of these six categories and obesity and asthma among youth and young adults, CDC developed the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) (5). YRBSS includes school-based national, state, and large urban school district Youth Risk Behavior Surveys (YRBS) conducted among representative samples of students in grades 9–12. National, state, and large urban school district surveys have been conducted biennially since 1991 (Table 1). Additional information about the YRBSS is available at http://www.cdc.gov/yrbs.

This report summarizes results from the 2011 national YRBS and trends in health-risk behaviors during 1991–2011. Data from the 43 state and 21 large urban school district surveys with weighted data for the 2011 YRBSS cycle (Figure) also are included in this report. Data from the remaining four state surveys and one large urban school district survey with unweighted data are not included. Among those with weighted data for 2011, one state and five large urban school district surveys were conducted during fall 2010; the national survey, 39 state surveys, and 15 large urban school district surveys were conducted during spring 2011; and three state surveys and one large urban school district survey were conducted during fall 2011.

Methods

Detailed information about the methodology of the national, state, and large urban school district YRBSs has been described elsewhere (5).

Sampling

National Youth Risk Behavior Survey

The sampling frame for the 2011 national YRBS consisted of all regular public and private schools with students in at least one of grades 9–12 in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. The sampling frame was obtained from the Market Data Retrieval (MDR) database (6). The MDR database includes information on both public and private schools and the most recent data from the Common Core of Data from the National Center for Education Statistics (7). A three-stage cluster sample design produced a nationally representative sample of students in grades 9–12 who attend public and private schools. The first-stage sampling frame consisted of 1,276 primary sampling units (PSUs), consisting of counties, subareas of large counties, or groups of smaller, adjacent counties. The 1,276 PSUs were categorized into 16 strata according to their metropolitan statistical area (MSA) status (i.e., urban city) and the percentages of black and Hispanic students in the PSUs. From the 1,276 PSUs, 57 were sampled with probability proportional to overall school enrollment size for the PSU.

In the second stage of sampling, 194 schools with any of grades 9–12 were sampled with probability proportional to school enrollment size. The third stage of sampling consisted of random sampling in each of grades 9–12, one or two classrooms from either a required subject (e.g., English or social studies) or a required period (e.g., homeroom or second period). All students in sampled classes were eligible to participate. Schools, classes, and students that refused to participate were not replaced.

To enable a separate analysis of data for black and Hispanic students, three strategies were used to oversample these students: 1) larger sampling rates were used to select PSUs that were in high-black and high-Hispanic strata; 2) a modified measure of size was used to increase the probability of sampling schools with a disproportionately high minority enrollment; and 3) two classes per grade, rather than one, were sampled in schools with a high minority enrollment.

State and Large Urban School District Youth Risk Behavior Surveys

In 2011, a two-stage cluster sample design was used to produce a representative sample of public school students in grades 9–12 in 41 states and 21 large urban school districts and of public and private school students in grades 9–12 in two states (Ohio and South Dakota). In the first sampling stage, schools with any of grades 9–12 were sampled with probability proportional to school enrollment size in 42 states and four large urban school districts; all schools with any of grades 9–12 were invited to participate in one state and 17 large urban school districts. In the second sampling stage, intact classes from either a required subject (e.g., English or social studies) or a required period (e.g., homeroom or second period) were sampled randomly in 42 states and 21 large urban school districts, and all students in the sampled classes were eligible to participate. In one state, all students in sampled schools were eligible to participate.

Data Collection Procedures and Questionnaires

Survey procedures for the national, state, and large urban school district surveys were designed to protect students' privacy by allowing for anonymous and voluntary participation. Before survey administration, local parental permission procedures were followed. Students completed the self-administered questionnaire during one class period and recorded their responses directly on a computer-scannable booklet or answer sheet. CDC's Institutional Review Board approved the protocol for the national YRBS.

The 2011 YRBS standard questionnaire contained 86 questions. States and large urban school districts could add or delete questions from the standard questionnaire. For the national questionnaire, 11 questions were added to the standard questionnaire. Skip patterns were not included in any YRBS questionnaire to protect students' privacy by ensuring all students took about the same amount of time to complete the questionnaire. For state and large urban school district surveys, only data from standard questions are presented in this report. Information about the reliability of the standard questionnaire has been published elsewhere (8). The standard and national YRBS questionnaires are available at http://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/yrbs/questionnaire_rationale.htm.

Data Processing Procedures and Response Rates

For the 2011 national YRBS, 15,503 questionnaires were completed in 158 schools. The national data set was cleaned and edited for inconsistencies. Missing data were not statistically imputed. Among the 15,503 completed questionnaires, 78 failed quality control* and were excluded from analysis, leaving 15,425 usable questionnaires (Table 2). The school response rate was 81%; the student response rate was 87%; the overall response rate was 71% (Table 2).

Data from each state and large urban school district survey were cleaned and edited for inconsistencies with the same procedures used for the national data set. The number of completed questionnaires that failed quality control checks and were excluded from analysis ranged from 0 to 351 (median: 13) across the state surveys and from 0 to 231 (median: 13) across the large urban school district surveys. The student sample sizes ranged from 1,147 to 13,201 (median: 2,170) across the state surveys and from 1,013 to 11,570 (median: 1,767) across the large urban school district surveys (Table 2). Among the state surveys, the school response rates ranged from 73% to 100%; student response rates ranged from 60% to 88%; and overall response rates ranged from 60% to 84%, and among the large urban school district surveys, the school response rates ranged from 84% to 100%; student response rates ranged from 61% to 86%; and overall response rates ranged from 61% to 86% (Table 2).

Race/ethnicity was computed from two questions: 1) "Are you Hispanic or Latino?" (response options were "yes" or "no"), and 2) "What is your race?" (response options were "American Indian or Alaska Native," "Asian," "black or African American," "Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander," or "white"). For the second question, students could select more than one response option. For this report, students were classified as "Hispanic/Latino" and were referred to as "Hispanic" if they answered "yes" to the first question, regardless of how they answered the second question. Students who answered, "no" to the first question and selected only "black or African American" to the second question were classified as "black or African American" and are referred to as "black." Students who answered "no" to the first question and selected only "white" to the second question were classified, and were referred to, as "white." Race/ethnicity was classified as missing for students who did not answer the first question and for students who answered "no" to the first question but did not answer the second question.

Students were classified as obese or overweight based on their body mass index (kg/m2) (BMI), which was calculated from self-reported height and weight. The BMI values were compared with sex- and age-specific reference data from the 2000 CDC growth charts (9). Obese was defined as a BMI of ≥95th percentile for age and sex. Overweight was defined as a BMI of ≥85th percentile and <95th percentile for age and sex. These classifications are not intended to diagnose obesity or overweight in individual students, but to provide population-level estimates of obesity and overweight.

Weighting

For the national YRBS, a weight based on student sex, race/ethnicity, and grade was applied to each record to adjust for school and student nonresponse and oversampling of black and Hispanic students. The overall weights were scaled so that the weighted count of students equals the total sample size, and the weighted proportions of students in each grade match the national population proportions. Therefore, weighted estimates are representative of all students in grades 9–12 attending public and private school in the United States.

State and large urban school district surveys that had a representative sample of students, appropriate documentation, and an overall response rate of 60% or higher were weighted. A weight was applied to each record to adjust for student nonresponse and the distribution of students by grade, sex, and race/ethnicity in each jurisdiction. Data from 43 state and 21 large urban school district surveys were weighted. In 41 states and all large urban school districts, weighted estimates are representative of all students in grades 9–12 attending public schools in each jurisdiction. In two states (Ohio and South Dakota), weighted estimates are representative of all students in grades 9–12 attending public and private schools in each jurisdiction.

Analytic Methods

Statistical analyses were conducted on weighted data using SAS (10) and SUDAAN (11) software to account for the complex sampling designs. Prevalence estimates and confidence intervals were computed for all variables and all data sets. In addition, for the national YRBS data, t tests were used to determine pairwise differences between subpopulations (12). Differences between prevalence estimates were considered statistically significant if the t test p value was <0.05 for main effects (sex, race/ethnicity, and grade) and for interactions (sex by race/ethnicity, sex by grade, race/ethnicity by sex, and grade by sex). In the results section, only statistically significant differences in prevalence estimates are reported in the following order: sex, sex by race/ethnicity, sex by grade, race/ethnicity, race/ethnicity by sex, grade, and grade by sex.

To identify long-term temporal changes in health-risk behaviors nationwide, prevalence estimates from the earliest year of data collection to 2011 for each variable assessed with identically worded questions in three or more survey years were examined. Logistic regression analyses were used to account for all available estimates; control for sex, grade, and racial/ethnic changes over time; and simultaneously assess orthogonal linear and quadratic time effects (12). Cubic and other higher order time effects are not reported here. A quadratic time effect indicates a significant but nonlinear trend in prevalence over time. A temporal change that includes a significant linear and quadratic time effect demonstrates nonlinear variation (e.g., leveling off or change in direction) in addition to an overall increase or decrease over time. In this report, if both linear and quadratic time effects are significant only the quadratic time effect is reported. In addition, to identify 2-year temporal changes in health-risk behaviors nationwide, prevalence estimates from 2009 and 2011 were compared using t tests for each variable assessed with identically worded questions in both survey years. Prevalence estimates were considered statistically different if the t test p value was <0.05. In the results section, long-term temporal changes are described first, followed by 2-year (from 2009 to 2011) temporal changes.

Results

Behaviors that Contribute to Unintentional Injuries

Rarely or Never Wore a Bicycle Helmet

Among the 70.2% of students nationwide who had ridden a bicycle during the 12 months before the survey, 87.5% had rarely or never worn a bicycle helmet (Table 3). Overall, the prevalence of having rarely or never worn a bicycle helmet was higher among male (88.8%) than female (85.9%) students; higher among white male (87.1%) and black male (94.4%) than white female (83.9%) and black female (89.4%) students, respectively; and higher among 12th-grade male (92.0%) than 12th-grade female (87.3%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having rarely or never worn a bicycle helmet was higher among black (92.3%) and Hispanic (92.1%) than white (85.7%) students; higher among Hispanic female (92.0%) than white female (83.9%) students; and higher among black male (94.4%) and Hispanic male (92.2%) than white male (87.1%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having rarely or never worn a bicycle helmet was higher among 12th-grade (89.9%) than 9th-grade (86.6%), 10th-grade (86.7%), and 11th-grade (87.7%) students and higher among 12th-grade male (92.0%) than 9th-grade male (87.2%), 10th-grade male (87.9%), and 11th-grade male (89.2%) students. The prevalence of having rarely or never worn a bicycle helmet among students who had ridden a bicycle during the 12 months before the survey ranged from 52.7% to 95.1% across state surveys (median: 87.1%) and from 59.3% to 94.3% across large urban school district surveys (median: 89.7%) (Table 4).

Among students nationwide who had ridden a bicycle, the prevalence of rarely or never wearing a bicycle helmet decreased during 1991–2001 (96.2%–84.7%) and then did not change significantly during 2001–2011 (84.7%–87.5%). The prevalence of rarely or never wearing a bicycle helmet also did not change significantly from 2009 (84.7%) to 2011 (87.5%).

Rarely or Never Wore a Seat Belt

Nationwide, 7.7% of students rarely or never wore a seat belt when riding in a car driven by someone else (Table 3). Overall, the prevalence of rarely or never wearing a seat belt was higher among male (8.9%) than female (6.3%) students; higher among white male (7.3%) and black male (12.6%) than white female (5.1%) and black female (8.0%) students, respectively; and higher among 10th-grade male (9.0%), 11th-grade male (7.0%), and 12th-grade male (8.5%) than 10th-grade female (5.9%), 11th-grade female (4.9%), and 12th-grade female (5.5%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of rarely or never wearing a seat belt was higher among black (10.3%) and Hispanic (9.3%) than white (6.3%) students; higher among black female (8.0%) and Hispanic female (8.4%) than white female (5.1%) students; and higher among black male (12.6%) than white male (7.3%) students. Overall, the prevalence of rarely or never wearing a seat belt was higher among 9th-grade (9.5%) than 10th-grade (7.5%), 11th-grade (6.0%), and 12th-grade (7.1%) students; higher among 10th-grade (7.5%) than 11th-grade (6.0%) students; higher among 9th-grade female (8.4%) than 10th-grade female (5.9%), 11th-grade female (4.9%), and 12th-grade female (5.5%) students; and higher among 9th-grade male (10.3%) than 11th-grade male (7.0%) students. The prevalence of rarely or never wearing a seat belt ranged from 4.4% to 20.1% across state surveys (median: 10.3%) and from 4.1% to 25.8% across large urban school district surveys (median: 10.9%) (Table 4).

During 1991–2011, among students nationwide, a significant linear decrease occurred in the prevalence of rarely or never wearing a seat belt (25.9%–7.7%). The prevalence of rarely or never wearing a seat belt also decreased from 2009 (9.7%) to 2011 (7.7%).

Rode with a Driver Who Had Been Drinking Alcohol

During the 30 days before the survey, 24.1% of students nationwide had ridden one or more times in a car or other vehicle driven by someone who had been drinking alcohol (Table 5). The prevalence of having ridden with a driver who had been drinking alcohol was higher among white female (23.8%) than white male (20.5%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having ridden with a driver who had been drinking alcohol was higher among Hispanic (30.7%) than white (22.1%) and black (22.8%) students; higher among Hispanic female (30.7%) than white female (23.8%) and black female (23.2%) students; and higher among Hispanic male (30.7%) than white male (20.5%) and black male (22.5%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having ridden with a driver who had been drinking alcohol was higher among 12th-grade (27.7%) than 9th-grade (21.8%), 10th-grade (23.3%), and 11th-grade (23.8%) students; higher among 12th-grade female (28.0%) than 9th-grade female (22.9%) and 10th-grade female (23.5%) students; and higher among 12th-grade male (27.4%) than 9th-grade male (20.7%), 10th-grade male (23.1%), and 11th-grade male (22.4%) students. The prevalence of having ridden with a driver who had been drinking alcohol ranged from 13.5% to 32.2% across state surveys (median: 23.2%) and from 17.6% to 34.2% across large urban school district surveys (median: 24.2%) (Table 6).

During 1991–2011, among students nationwide, a significant linear decrease occurred in the prevalence of riding with a driver who had been drinking alcohol (39.9%–24.1%). The prevalence of riding with a driver who had been drinking alcohol also decreased from 2009 (28.3%) to 2011 (24.1%).

Drove When Drinking Alcohol

During the 30 days before the survey, 8.2% of students nationwide had driven a car or other vehicle one or more times when they had been drinking alcohol (Table 5). Overall, the prevalence of having driven when they had been drinking alcohol was higher among male (9.5%) than female (6.7%) students; higher among white male (8.9%), black male (7.8%), and Hispanic male (11.5%) than white female (7.0%), black female (4.0%), and Hispanic female (7.8%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (6.1%), 11th-grade male (10.4%), and 12th-grade male (16.0%) than 9th-grade female (3.3%), 11th-grade female (7.8%), and 12th-grade female (11.2%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having driven when they had been drinking alcohol was higher among white (8.0%) than black (5.9%) students; higher among Hispanic (9.7%) than white (8.0%) and black (5.9%) students; higher among white female (7.0%) and Hispanic female (7.8%) than black female (4.0%) students; and higher among Hispanic male (11.5%) than white male (8.9%) and black male (7.8%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having driven when they had been drinking alcohol was higher among 11th-grade (9.1%) and 12th-grade (13.6%) than 9th-grade (4.7%) and 10th-grade (5.6%) students; higher among 12th-grade (13.6%) than 11th-grade (9.1%) students; higher among 10th-grade female (5.2%), 11th-grade female (7.8%), and 12th-grade female (11.2%) than 9th-grade female (3.3%) students; higher among 11th-grade female (7.8%) and 12th-grade female (11.2%) than 10th-grade female (5.2%) students; higher among 12th-grade female (11.2%) than 11th-grade female (7.8%) students; higher among 11th-grade male (10.4%) and 12th-grade male (16.0%) than 9th-grade male (6.1%) and 10th-grade male (6.0%) students; and higher among 12th-grade male (16.0%) than 11th-grade male (10.4%) students. The prevalence of having driven a car when they had been drinking alcohol ranged from 4.0% to 11.7% across state surveys (median: 7.7%) and from 2.9% to 11.9% across large urban school district surveys (median: 6.8%) (Table 6).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of having driven a car when they had been drinking alcohol did not change significantly during 1991–1997 (16.7%–16.9%) and then decreased during 1997–2011 (16.9%–8.2%). The prevalence of having driven a car when they had been drinking alcohol also decreased from 2009 (9.7%) to 2011 (8.2%).

Texted or E-mailed While Driving

Nationwide, 32.8% of students had texted or e-mailed while driving a car or other vehicle on at least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey (Table 7). Overall, the prevalence of having texted or e-mailed while driving was higher among male (34.9%) than female (30.4%) students; higher among black male (29.3%) and Hispanic male (35.2%) than black female (19.0%) and Hispanic female (26.3%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (13.9%) and 10th-grade male (25.6%) than 9th-grade female (9.4%) and 10th-grade female (20.6%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having texted or e-mailed while driving was higher among white (36.2%) than black (24.1%) and Hispanic (30.9%) students; higher among Hispanic (30.9%) than black (24.1%) students; higher among white female (35.4%) than black female (19.0%) and Hispanic female (26.3%) students; higher among Hispanic female (26.3%) than black female (19.0%) students; and higher among white male (36.9%) and Hispanic male (35.2%) than black male (29.3%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having texted or e-mailed while driving was higher among 10th-grade (23.2%), 11th-grade (42.9%), and 12th-grade (58.0%) than 9th-grade (11.7%) students; higher among 11th-grade (42.9%) and 12th-grade (58.0%) than 10th-grade (23.2%) students; higher among 12th-grade (58.0%) than 11th-grade (42.9%) students; higher among 10th-grade female (20.6%), 11th-grade female (40.6%), and 12th-grade female (55.9%) than 9th-grade female (9.4%) students; higher among 11th-grade female (40.6%) and 12th-grade female (55.9%) than 10th-grade female (20.6%) students; higher among 12th-grade female (55.9%) than 11th-grade female (40.6%) students; higher among 10th-grade male (25.6%), 11th-grade male (45.0%), and 12th-grade male (60.0%) than 9th-grade male (13.9%) students; higher among 11th-grade male (45.0%) and 12th-grade male (60.0%) than 10th-grade male (25.6%) students; and higher among 12th-grade male (60.0%) than 11th-grade male (45.0%) students.

Behaviors that Contribute to Violence

Carried a Weapon

Nationwide, 16.6% of students had carried a weapon (e.g., a gun, knife, or club) on at least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey (Table 8). Overall, the prevalence of having carried a weapon was higher among male (25.9%) than female (6.8%) students; higher among white male (27.2%), black male (21.0%), and Hispanic male (24.5%) than white female (6.2%), black female (7.5%), and Hispanic female (7.5%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (26.6%), 10th-grade male (26.4%), 11th-grade male (25.9%), and 12th-grade male (24.1%) than 9th-grade female (7.6%), 10th-grade female (6.1%), 11th-grade female (6.2%), and 12th-grade female (7.1%) students, respectively. The prevalence of having carried a weapon was higher among white male (27.2%) and Hispanic male (24.5%) than black male (21.0%) students. The prevalence of having carried a weapon ranged from 9.6% to 27.1% across state surveys (median: 17.6%) and from 9.1% to 18.9% across large urban school district surveys (median: 13.8%) (Table 9).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of having carried a weapon decreased during 1991–1999 (26.1%–17.3%) and then did not change significantly during 1999–2011 (17.3%–16.6%). The prevalence of having carried a weapon also did not change significantly from 2009 (17.5%) to 2011 (16.6%).

Carried a Gun

Nationwide, 5.1% of students had carried a gun on at least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey (Table 8). Overall, the prevalence of having carried a gun was higher among male (8.6%) than female (1.4%) students; higher among white male (7.2%), black male (10.3%), and Hispanic male (9.2%) than white female (1.1%), black female (1.7%), and Hispanic female (1.4%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (7.7%), 10th-grade male (9.4%), 11th-grade male (8.6%), and 12th-grade male (8.2%) than 9th-grade female (1.4%), 10th-grade female (1.6%), 11th-grade female (1.1%), and 12th-grade female (1.0%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having carried a gun was higher among black (6.1%) than white (4.3%) students and higher among black male (10.3%) than white male (7.2%) students. The prevalence of having carried a gun ranged from 2.5% to 10.8% across state surveys (median: 6.0%) and from 2.3% to 7.5% across large urban school district surveys (median: 5.0%) (Table 9).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of having carried a gun decreased during 1993–1999 (7.9%–4.9%) and then did not change significantly during 1999–2011 (4.9%–5.1%). The prevalence of having carried a gun also did not change significantly from 2009 (5.9%) to 2011 (5.1%).

Carried a Weapon on School Property

Nationwide, 5.4% of students had carried a weapon (e.g., a gun, knife, or club) on school property on at least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey (Table 10). Overall, the prevalence of having carried a weapon on school property was higher among male (8.2%) than female (2.3%) students; higher among white male (7.8%), black male (6.7%), and Hispanic male (8.8%) than white female (2.3%), black female (2.5%), and Hispanic female (2.6%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (7.4%), 10th-grade male (9.4%), 11th-grade male (7.5%), and 12th-grade male (8.2%) than 9th-grade female (2.1%), 10th-grade female (2.5%), 11th-grade female (1.8%), and 12th-grade female (2.8%) students, respectively. The prevalence of having carried a weapon on school property ranged from 3.1% to 10.5% across state surveys (median: 5.7%) and from 2.1% to 8.1% across large urban school district surveys (median: 4.5%) (Table 11).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of having carried a weapon on school property decreased during 1993–2003 (11.8%–6.1%) and then did not change significantly during 2003–2011 (6.1%–5.4%). The prevalence of having carried a weapon on school property also did not change significantly from 2009 (5.6%) to 2011 (5.4%).

Threatened or Injured with a Weapon on School Property

During the 12 months before the survey, 7.4% of students nationwide had been threatened or injured with a weapon (e.g., a gun, knife, or club) on school property one or more times (Table 10). Overall, the prevalence of having been threatened or injured with a weapon on school property was higher among male (9.5%) than female (5.2%) students; higher among white male (8.0%), black male (11.2%), and Hispanic male (12.1%) than white female (4.2%), black female (6.6%), and Hispanic female (6.0%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (10.3%), 10th-grade male (9.7%), 11th-grade male (9.2%), and 12th-grade male (8.3%) than 9th-grade female (6.2%), 10th-grade female (5.3%), 11th-grade female (5.3%), and 12th-grade female (3.4%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having been threatened or injured with a weapon on school property was higher among black (8.9%) and Hispanic (9.2%) than white (6.1%) students; higher among black female (6.6%) and Hispanic female (6.0%) than white female (4.2%) students; and higher among black male (11.2%) and Hispanic male (12.1%) than white male (8.0%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having been threatened or injured with a weapon on school property was higher among 9th-grade (8.3%) and 10th-grade (7.7%) than 12th-grade (5.9%) students and higher among 9th-grade female (6.2%), 10th-grade female (5.3%), and 11th-grade female (5.3%) than 12th-grade female (3.4%) students. The prevalence of having been threatened or injured with a weapon on school property ranged from 5.1% to 11.7% across state surveys (median: 6.8%) and from 6.7% to 11.1% across large urban school district surveys (median: 8.2%) (Table 11).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of having been threatened or injured with a weapon on school property did not change significantly during 1993–2003 (7.3%–9.2%) and then decreased during 2003–2011 (9.2%–7.4%). The prevalence of having been threatened or injured with a weapon on school property did not change significantly from 2009 (7.7%) to 2011 (7.4%).

In a Physical Fight

Nationwide, 32.8% of students had been in a physical fight one or more times during the 12 months before the survey (Table 12). Overall, the prevalence of having been in a physical fight was higher among male (40.7%) than female (24.4%) students; higher among white male (37.7%), black male (45.8%), and Hispanic male (44.4%) than white female (20.4%), black female (32.3%), and Hispanic female (28.7%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (46.0%), 10th-grade male (44.2%), 11th-grade male (36.3%), and 12th-grade male (34.1%) than 9th-grade female (28.8%), 10th-grade female (25.5%), 11th-grade female (22.7%), and 12th-grade female (19.4%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having been in a physical fight was higher among black (39.1%) and Hispanic (36.8%) than white (29.4%) students; higher among black female (32.3%) and Hispanic female (28.7%) than white female (20.4%) students; higher among black female (32.3%) than Hispanic female (28.7%) students; and higher among black male (45.8%) and Hispanic male (44.4%) than white male (37.7%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having been in a physical fight was higher among 9th-grade (37.7%) and 10th-grade (35.3%) than 11th-grade (29.7%) and 12th-grade (26.9%) students; higher among 9th-grade female (28.8%) than 11th-grade female (22.7%) and 12th-grade female (19.4%) students; higher among 10th-grade female (25.5%) than 12th-grade female (19.4%) students; and higher among 9th-grade male (46.0%) and 10th-grade male (44.2%) than 11th-grade male (36.3%) and 12th-grade male (34.1%) students. The prevalence of having been in a physical fight ranged from 19.5% to 36.0% across state surveys (median: 26.8%) and from 18.7% to 42.2% across large urban school district surveys (median: 31.9%) (Table 13).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of having been in a physical fight decreased during 1991–2009 (42.5%–31.5%), and then did not change significantly during 2009–2011 (31.5%–32.8%).

Injured in a Physical Fight

During the 12 months before the survey, 3.9% of students nationwide had been in a physical fight one or more times in which they were injured and had to be treated by a doctor or nurse (Table 12). Overall, the prevalence of having been injured in a physical fight was higher among male (5.1%) than female (2.6%) students; higher among white male (3.5%), black male (8.1%), and Hispanic male (7.0%) than white female (1.9%), black female (3.2%), and Hispanic female (3.7%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (5.9%), 10th-grade male (5.1%), 11th-grade male (4.8%), and 12th-grade male (4.3%) than 9th-grade female (2.7%), 10th-grade female (3.0%), 11th-grade female (2.2%), and 12th-grade female (2.1%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having been injured in a physical fight was higher among black (5.7%) and Hispanic (5.5%) than white (2.8%) students; higher among black female (3.2%) and Hispanic female (3.7%) than white female (1.9%) students; and higher among black male (8.1%) and Hispanic male (7.0%) than white male (3.5%) students. The prevalence of having been injured in a physical fight was higher among 9th-grade male (5.9%) than 12th-grade male (4.3%) students. The prevalence of having been injured in a physical fight ranged from 2.1% to 5.2% across state surveys (median: 3.5%) and from 3.5% to 7.2% across large urban school district surveys (median: 4.4%) (Table 13).

During 1991–2011, among students nationwide, a significant linear decrease occurred in the prevalence of having been injured in a physical fight (4.4%–3.9%). The prevalence of having been injured in a physical fight did not change significantly from 2009 (3.8%) to 2011 (3.9%).

In a Physical Fight on School Property

Nationwide, 12.0% of students had been in a physical fight on school property one or more times during the 12 months before the survey (Table 14). Overall, the prevalence of having been in a physical fight on school property was higher among male (16.0%) than female (7.8%) students; higher among white male (13.8%), black male (19.6%), and Hispanic male (19.4%) than white female (5.6%), black female (13.1%), and Hispanic female (9.0%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (21.7%), 10th-grade male (17.0%), 11th-grade male (12.3%), and 12th-grade male (11.4%) than 9th-grade female (10.4%), 10th-grade female (8.0%), 11th-grade female (6.0%), and 12th-grade female (6.1%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having been in a physical fight on school property was higher among black (16.4%) and Hispanic (14.4%) than white (9.9%) students; higher among black female (13.1%) and Hispanic female (9.0%) than white female (5.6%) students; higher among black female (13.1%) than Hispanic female (9.0%) students; and higher among black male (19.6%) and Hispanic male (19.4%) than white male (13.8%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having been in a physical fight on school property was higher among 9th-grade (16.2%) than 10th-grade (12.8%), 11th-grade (9.2%), and 12th-grade (8.8%) students; higher among 10th-grade (12.8%) than 11th-grade (9.2%) and 12th-grade (8.8%) students; higher among 9th-grade female (10.4%) than 11th-grade female (6.0%) and 12th-grade female (6.1%) students; higher among 9th-grade male (21.7%) than 10th-grade male (17.0%), 11th-grade male (12.3%), and 12th-grade male (11.4%) students; and higher among 10th-grade male (17.0%) than 11th-grade male (12.3%) and 12th-grade male (11.4%) students. The prevalence of having been in a physical fight on school property ranged from 7.1% to 15.7% across state surveys (median: 9.4%) and from 7.6% to 18.9% across large urban school district surveys (median: 13.2%) (Table 15).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of having been in a physical fight on school property decreased during 1993–2009 (16.2%–11.1%) and then did not change significantly during 2009–2011 (11.1%–12.0%).

Bullied on School Property

Nationwide, 20.1% of students had been bullied on school property during the 12 months before the survey (Table 14). Overall, the prevalence of having been bullied on school property was higher among female (22.0%) than male (18.2%) students; higher among white female (25.2%) than white male (20.7%) students; and higher among 9th-grade female (27.1%), 10th-grade female (24.6%), and 12th-grade female (17.2%) than 9th-grade male (21.5%), 10th-grade male (20.4%), and 12th-grade male (13.4%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having been bullied on school property was higher among white (22.9%) than black (11.7%) and Hispanic (17.6%) students; higher among Hispanic (17.6%) than black (11.7%) students; higher among white female (25.2%) than black female (12.2%) and Hispanic female (19.3%) students; higher among Hispanic female (19.3%) than black female (12.2%) students; higher among white male (20.7%) than black male (11.1%) and Hispanic male (16.0%) students; and higher among Hispanic male (16.0%) than black male (11.1%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having been bullied on school property was higher among 9th-grade (24.2%) and 10th-grade (22.4%) than 11th-grade (17.1%) and 12th-grade (15.2%) students; higher among 9th-grade female (27.1%) and 10th-grade female (24.6%) than 11th-grade female (17.5%) and 12th-grade female (17.2%) students; higher among 9th-grade male (21.5%) than 11th-grade male (16.7%) and 12th-grade male (13.4%) students; and higher among 10th-grade male (20.4%) and 11th-grade male (16.7%) than 12th-grade male (13.4%) students. The prevalence of having been bullied on school property ranged from 14.0% to 26.7% across state surveys (median: 20.3%) and from 9.7% to 19.5% across large urban school district surveys (median: 13.8%) (Table 15).

The prevalence of having been bullied on school property did not change significantly from 2009 (19.9%) to 2011 (20.1%).

Electronically Bullied

Nationwide, 16.2% of students had been electronically bullied, including being bullied through e-mail, chat rooms, instant messaging, websites, or texting, during the 12 months before the survey (Table 16). Overall, the prevalence of having been electronically bullied was higher among female (22.1%) than male (10.8%) students; higher among white female (25.9%), black female (11.0%), and Hispanic female (18.0%) than white male (11.8%), black male (6.9%), and Hispanic male (9.5%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade female (22.6%), 10th-grade female (24.2%), 11th-grade female (19.8%), and 12th-grade female (21.5%) than 9th-grade male (8.9%), 10th-grade male (12.6%), 11th-grade male (12.4%), and 12th-grade male (8.8%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having been electronically bullied was higher among white (18.6%) than black (8.9%) and Hispanic (13.6%) students; higher among Hispanic (13.6%) than black (8.9%) students; higher among white female (25.9%) than black female (11.0%) and Hispanic female (18.0%) students; higher among Hispanic female (18.0%) than black female (11.0%) students; and higher among white male (11.8%) and Hispanic male (9.5%) than black male (6.9%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having been electronically bullied was higher among 10th-grade (18.1%) than 9th-grade (15.5%) and 12th-grade (15.0%) students; higher among 10th-grade female (24.2%) than 11th-grade female (19.8%) students; and higher among 10th-grade male (12.6%) and 11th-grade male (12.4%) than 9th-grade male (8.9%) students. The prevalence of having been electronically bullied ranged from 12.3% to 21.6% across state surveys (median: 15.6%) and from 8.2% to 16.1% across large urban school district surveys (median: 11.0%) (Table 17).

Did Not Go to School Because of Safety Concerns

Nationwide, 5.9% of students had not gone to school on at least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey because they felt they would be unsafe at school or on their way to or from school (Table 16). The prevalence of having not gone to school because of safety concerns was higher among black male (8.0%) than black female (5.3%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having not gone to school because of safety concerns was higher among black (6.7%) and Hispanic (9.1%) than white (4.4%) students; higher among Hispanic (9.1%) than black (6.7%) students; higher among Hispanic female (9.6%) than white female (4.7%) and black female (5.3%) students; and higher among black male (8.0%) and Hispanic male (8.5%) than white male (4.0%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having not gone to school because of safety concerns was higher among 10th-grade (6.8%) than 11th-grade (5.2%) students and higher among 10th-grade female (7.1%) than 11th-grade female (5.1%) students. The prevalence of having not gone to school because of safety concerns ranged from 3.4% to 9.0% across state surveys (median: 5.2%) and from 5.1% to 20.9% across large urban school district surveys (median: 8.2%) (Table 17).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of having not gone to school because of safety concerns did not change significantly during 1993–2011 (4.4%–5.9%). The prevalence of having not gone to school because of safety concerns also did not change significantly from 2009 (5.0%) to 2011 (5.9%).

Had Property Stolen or Damaged on School Property

Nationwide, 26.1% of students had had their property (e.g., car, clothing or books) stolen or deliberately damaged on school property one or more times during the 12 months before the survey (Table 18). Overall, the prevalence of having property stolen or damaged on school property was higher among male (28.8%) than female (23.4%) students; higher among white male (26.8%) and Hispanic male (33.3%) than white female (21.0%) and Hispanic female (27.8%) students, respectively; and higher among 11th-grade male (26.7%) and 12th-grade male (26.9%) than 11th-grade female (20.1%) and 12th-grade female (19.5%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having property stolen or damaged on school property was higher among black (27.3%) and Hispanic (30.7%) than white (24.0%) students; higher among Hispanic (30.7%) than black (27.3%) students; higher among Hispanic female (27.8%) than white female (21.0%) students; and higher among Hispanic male (33.3%) than white male (26.8%) and black male (28.7%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having property stolen or damaged on school property was higher among 10th-grade (30.6%) than 9th-grade (26.6%) students; higher among 9th-grade (26.6%) and 10th-grade (30.6%) than 11th-grade (23.5%) and 12th-grade (23.3%) students; higher among 9th-grade female (25.5%) and 10th-grade female (27.4%) than 11th-grade female (20.1%) and 12th-grade female (19.5%) students; and higher among 10th-grade male (33.4%) than 11th-grade male (26.7%) and 12th-grade male (26.9%) students.

During 2003–2011, among students nationwide, a significant linear decrease occurred in the prevalence of having property stolen or damaged on school property (29.8%–26.2%).

Dating Violence

During the 12 months before the survey, 9.4% of students nationwide had been hit, slapped, or physically hurt on purpose by their boyfriend or girlfriend (i.e., dating violence) (Table 19). Overall, the prevalence of dating violence was higher among black (12.2%) and Hispanic (11.4%) than white (7.6%) students; higher among black female (11.8%) and Hispanic female (10.6%) than white female (7.7%) students; and higher among black male (12.4%) and Hispanic male (12.1%) than white male (7.4%) students. Overall, the prevalence of dating violence was higher among 10th-grade (9.6%), 11th-grade (10.3%), and 12th-grade (10.3%) than 9th-grade (7.5%) students; higher among 10th-grade female (9.8%) and 12th-grade female (10.7%) than 9th-grade female (7.6%) students; and higher among 11th-grade male (11.2%) and 12th-grade male (10.0%) than 9th-grade male (7.4%) students. The prevalence of dating violence ranged from 6.5% to 16.1% across state surveys (median: 11.0%) and from 7.6% to 24.2% across large urban school district surveys (median: 11.6%) (Table 20).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of dating violence did not change significantly during 1999–2011 (8.8%–9.4%) or from 2009 (9.8%) to 2011 (9.4%).

Forced to Have Sexual Intercourse

Nationwide, 8.0% of students had ever been physically forced to have sexual intercourse when they did not want to (Table 19). Overall, the prevalence of having been forced to have sexual intercourse was higher among female (11.8%) than male (4.5%) students; higher among white female (12.0%), black female (11.0%), and Hispanic female (11.2%) than white male (3.2%), black male (6.1%), and Hispanic male (5.4%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade female (8.2%), 10th-grade female (12.2%), 11th-grade female (12.7%), and 12th-grade female (14.5%) than 9th-grade male (3.5%), 10th-grade male (4.2%), 11th-grade male (5.2%), and 12th-grade male (4.7%) students, respectively. The prevalence of having been forced to have sexual intercourse was higher among black male (6.1%) and Hispanic male (5.4%) than white male (3.2%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having been forced to have sexual intercourse was higher among 10th-grade (8.0%), 11th-grade (8.8%), and 12th-grade (9.5%) than 9th-grade (5.8%) students; higher among 10th-grade female (12.2%), 11th-grade female (12.7%), and 12th-grade female (14.5%) than 9th-grade female (8.2%) students; and higher among 11th-grade male (5.2%) than 9th-grade male (3.5%) students. The prevalence of having been forced to have sexual intercourse ranged from 5.6% to 12.2% across state surveys (median: 8.4%) and from 6.5% to 12.6% across large urban school district surveys (median: 8.1%) (Table 20).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of having been forced to have sexual intercourse did not change significantly during 2001–2011 (7.7%–8.0%) or from 2009 (7.4%) to 2011 (8.0%).

Felt Sad or Hopeless

During the 12 months before the survey, 28.5% of students nationwide had felt so sad or hopeless almost every day for 2 or more weeks in a row that they stopped doing some usual activities (Table 21). Overall, the prevalence of having felt sad or hopeless almost every day for 2 or more weeks in a row was higher among female (35.9%) than male (21.5%) students; higher among white female (34.3%), black female (31.4%), and Hispanic female (41.4%) than white male (20.7%), black male (18.0%), and Hispanic male (24.4%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade female (37.4%), 10th-grade female (37.2%), 11th-grade female (34.3%), and 12th-grade female (34.4%) than 9th-grade male (18.2%), 10th-grade male (21.1%), 11th-grade male (23.6%), and 12th-grade male (23.6%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having felt sad or hopeless almost every day for 2 or more weeks in a row was higher among Hispanic (32.6%) than white (27.2%) and black (24.7%) students; higher among Hispanic female (41.4%) than white female (34.3%) and black female (31.4%) students; and higher among Hispanic male (24.4%) than black male (18.0%) students. The prevalence of having felt sad or hopeless almost every day for 2 or more weeks in a row was higher among 11th-grade male (23.6%) and 12th-grade male (23.6%) than 9th-grade male (18.2%) students. The prevalence of having felt sad or hopeless almost every day for 2 or more weeks in a row ranged from 19.2% to 33.6% across state surveys (median: 25.8%) and from 21.7% to 32.8% across large urban school district surveys (median: 27.6%) (Table 22).

During 1999–2011, among students nationwide, the prevalence of having felt sad or hopeless almost every day for 2 or more weeks in a row did not change significantly (28.3%–28.5%). The prevalence of having felt sad or hopeless almost every day for 2 or more weeks in a row increased from 2009 (26.1%) to 2011 (28.5%).

Seriously Considered Attempting Suicide

Nationwide, 15.8% of students had seriously considered attempting suicide during the 12 months before the survey (Table 23). Overall, the prevalence of having seriously considered attempting suicide was higher among female (19.3%) than male (12.5%) students; higher among white female (18.4%), black female (17.4%), and Hispanic female (21.0%) than white male (12.8%), black male (9.0%), and Hispanic male (12.6%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade female (21.5%), 10th-grade female (22.3%), and 12th-grade female (15.8%) than 9th-grade male (12.9%), 10th-grade male (11.4%), and 12th-grade male (11.5%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having seriously considered attempting suicide was higher among white (15.5%) and Hispanic (16.7%) than black (13.2%) students; higher among Hispanic female (21.0%) than black female (17.4%) students; and higher among white male (12.8%) and Hispanic male (12.6%) than black male (9.0%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having seriously considered attempting suicide was higher among 9th-grade (17.1%) and 10th-grade (16.5%) than 12th-grade (13.6%) students and higher among 9th-grade female (21.5%) and 10th-grade female (22.3%) than 11th-grade female (16.7%) and 12th-grade female (15.8%) students. The prevalence of having seriously considered attempting suicide ranged from 11.4% to 18.9% across state surveys (median: 14.6%) and from 10.7% to 15.7% across large urban school district surveys (median: 13.2%) (Table 24).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of having seriously considered attempting suicide decreased during 1991–2009 (29.0%–13.8%) and then increased during 2009 –2011(13.8%–15.8%).

Made a Suicide Plan

During the 12 months before the survey, 12.8% of students nationwide had made a plan about how they would attempt suicide (Table 23). Overall, the prevalence of having made a suicide plan was higher among female (15.0%) than male (10.8%) students; higher among white female (13.7%), black female (13.9%), and Hispanic female (17.6%) than white male (10.6%), black male (8.4%), and Hispanic male (11.1%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade female (16.9%), 10th-grade female (17.9%), and 12th-grade female (12.0%) than 9th-grade male (10.4%), 10th-grade male (11.3%), and 12th-grade male (9.5%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having made a suicide plan was higher among Hispanic (14.3%) than white (12.1%) and black (11.1%) students and higher among Hispanic female (17.6%) than white female (13.7%) and black female (13.9%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having made a suicide plan was higher among 9th-grade (13.6%) and 10th-grade (14.4%) than 12th-grade (10.7%) students; higher among 10th-grade (14.4%) than 11th-grade (11.9%) students; and higher among 9th-grade female (16.9%) and 10th-grade female (17.9%) than 11th-grade female (12.3%) and 12th-grade female (12.0%) students. The prevalence of having made a suicide plan ranged from 8.4% to 16.3% across state surveys (median: 12.3%) and from 8.6% to 14.9% across large urban school district surveys (median: 11.4%) (Table 24).

During 1991–2011, among students nationwide, a significant linear decrease occurred in the prevalence of having made a suicide plan (18.6%–12.8%). The prevalence of having made a suicide plan increased from 2009 (10.9%) to 2011 (12.8%).

Attempted Suicide

Nationwide, 7.8% of students had attempted suicide one or more times during the 12 months before the survey (Table 25). Overall, the prevalence of having attempted suicide was higher among female (9.8%) than male (5.8%) students; higher among white female (7.9%) and Hispanic female (13.5%) than white male (4.6%) and Hispanic male (6.9%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade female (11.8%), 10th-grade female (11.6%), and 12th-grade female (7.7%) than 9th-grade male (6.8%), 10th-grade male (5.1%), and 12th-grade male (5.0%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having attempted suicide was higher among black (8.3%) and Hispanic (10.2%) than white (6.2%) students; higher among Hispanic female (13.5%) than white female (7.9%) and black female (8.8%) students; and higher among black male (7.7%) and Hispanic male (6.9%) than white male (4.6%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having attempted suicide was higher among 9th-grade (9.3%) and 10th-grade (8.2%) than 11th-grade (6.6%) and 12th-grade (6.3%) students and higher among 9th-grade female (11.8%) and 10th-grade female (11.6%) than 11th-grade female (7.4%) and 12th-grade female (7.7%) students. The prevalence of having attempted suicide ranged from 3.6% to 11.3% across state surveys (median: 7.8%) and from 6.0% to 15.8% across large urban school district surveys (median: 9.2%) (Table 26).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of having attempted suicide did not change significantly during 1991–2001 (7.3%–8.8%) and then decreased during 2001–2011 (8.8%–7.8%). The prevalence of having attempted suicide increased from 2009 (6.3%) to 2011 (7.8%).

Suicide Attempt Treated by a Doctor or Nurse

During the 12 months before the survey, 2.4% of students nationwide had made a suicide attempt that resulted in an injury, poisoning, or overdose that had to be treated by a doctor or nurse (Table 25). Overall, the prevalence of having made a suicide attempt that resulted in an injury, poisoning, or overdose that had to be treated by a doctor or nurse was higher among female (2.9%) than male (1.9%) students; higher among white female (2.2%) and Hispanic female (4.1%) than white male (1.5%) and Hispanic male (2.2%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade female (3.7%) and 10th-grade female (3.4%) than 9th-grade male (2.0%) and 10th-grade male (1.8%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having made a suicide attempt that resulted in an injury, poisoning, or overdose that had to be treated by a doctor or nurse was higher among Hispanic (3.2%) than white (1.9%) students and higher among Hispanic female (4.1%) than white female (2.2%) and black female (2.4%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having made a suicide attempt that resulted in an injury, poisoning, or overdose that had to be treated by a doctor or nurse was higher among 9th-grade (2.8%) than 11th-grade (1.9%) and 12th-grade (2.0%) students; higher among 10th-grade (2.6%) than 11th-grade (1.9%) students; higher among 9th-grade female (3.7%) than 11th-grade female (2.0%) and 12th-grade female (2.3%) students; and higher among 10th-grade female (3.4%) than 11th-grade female (2.0%) students. The prevalence of having made a suicide attempt that resulted in an injury, poisoning, or overdose that had to be treated by a doctor or nurse ranged from 1.1% to 5.4% across state surveys (median: 2.7%) and from 1.6% to 5.6% across large urban school district surveys (median: 3.4%) (Table 26).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of having made a suicide attempt that resulted in an injury, poisoning, or overdose that had to be treated by a doctor or nurse increased during 1991–1995 (1.7%–2.8%) and then decreased during 1995–2011 (2.8%–2.4%). The prevalence of having made a suicide attempt that resulted in an injury, poisoning, or overdose that had to be treated by a doctor or nurse did not change significantly from 2009 (1.9%) to 2011 (2.4%).

Tobacco Use

Ever Smoked Cigarettes

Nationwide, 44.7% of students had ever tried cigarette smoking (even one or two puffs) (i.e., ever smoked cigarettes) (Table 27). Overall, the prevalence of having ever smoked cigarettes was higher among male (46.3%) than female (42.9%) students; higher among Hispanic male (51.5%) than Hispanic female (45.5%) students; and higher among 11th-grade male (50.2%) than 11th-grade female (43.9%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having ever smoked cigarettes was higher among white (44.2%) and Hispanic (48.6%) than black (39.1%) students; higher among Hispanic female (45.5%) than black female (38.0%) students; higher among white male (45.6%) than black male (40.0%) students; and higher among Hispanic male (51.5%) than white male (45.6%) and black male (40.0%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having ever smoked cigarettes was higher among 11th-grade (47.1%) and 12th-grade (54.5%) than 9th-grade (37.6%) and 10th-grade (41.0%) students; higher among 12th-grade (54.5%) than 11th-grade (47.1%) students; higher among 10th-grade female (40.8%), 11th-grade female (43.9%), and 12th-grade female (53.6%) than 9th-grade female (35.0%) students; higher among 12th-grade female (53.6%) than 10th-grade female (40.8%) and 11th-grade female (43.9%) students; and higher among 11th-grade male (50.2%) and 12th-grade male (55.3%) than 9th-grade male (40.0%) and 10th-grade male (41.1%) students. The prevalence of having ever smoked cigarettes ranged from 23.1% to 59.5% across state surveys (median: 46.4%) and from 28.9% to 51.1% across large urban school district surveys (median: 41.0%) (Table 28).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of having ever smoked cigarettes did not change significantly during 1991–1999 (70.1%–70.4%) and then decreased during 1999–2011 (70.4%–44.7%). The prevalence of having ever smoked cigarettes did not change significantly from 2009 (46.3%) to 2011 (44.7%).

Ever Smoked Cigarettes Daily

Nationwide, 10.2% of students had ever smoked at least one cigarette every day for 30 days (i.e., ever smoked cigarettes daily) (Table 27). Overall, the prevalence of having ever smoked cigarettes daily was higher among male (11.0%) than female (9.2%) students; higher among Hispanic male (9.0%) than Hispanic female (6.4%) students; and higher among 9th-grade male (6.8%) than 9th-grade female (5.0%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having ever smoked cigarettes daily was higher among white (12.0%) than black (5.3%) and Hispanic (7.8%) students; higher among Hispanic (7.8%) than black (5.3%) students; higher among white female (11.4%) than black female (4.3%) and Hispanic female (6.4%) students; higher among white male (12.5%) than black male (6.3%) and Hispanic male (9.0%) students; and higher among Hispanic male (9.0%) than black male (6.3%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having ever smoked cigarettes daily was higher among 10th-grade (8.4%), 11th-grade (11.1%), and 12th-grade (15.7%) than 9th-grade (6.0%) students; higher among 11th-grade (11.1%) and 12th-grade (15.7%) than 10th-grade (8.4%) students; higher among 12th-grade (15.7%) than 11th-grade (11.1%) students; higher among 10th-grade female (8.6%), 11th-grade female (9.7%), and 12th-grade female (14.1%) than 9th-grade female (5.0%) students; higher among 12th-grade female (14.1%) than 10th-grade female (8.6%) and 11th-grade female (9.7%) students; higher among 11th-grade male (12.3%) and 12th-grade male (17.3%) than 9th-grade male (6.8%) and 10th-grade male (8.3%) students; and higher among 12th-grade male (17.3%) than 11th-grade male (12.3%) students. The prevalence of having ever smoked cigarettes daily ranged from 4.2% to 19.4% across state surveys (median: 10.5%) and from 3.0% to 8.1% across large urban school district surveys (median: 6.0%) (Table 28).

During 2001–2011, among students nationwide, a significant linear decrease occurred in the prevalence of having ever smoked cigarettes daily (20.0%–10.2%). The prevalence of having ever smoked cigarettes daily did not change significantly from 2009 (11.2%) to 2011 (10.2%).

Smoked a Whole Cigarette Before Age 13 Years

Nationwide, 10.3% of students had smoked a whole cigarette for the first time before age 13 years (Table 29). Overall, the prevalence of having smoked a whole cigarette before age 13 years was higher among male (12.0%) than female (8.4%) students; higher among white male (11.2%), black male (11.1%), and Hispanic male (14.7%) than white female (8.4%), black female (6.6%), and Hispanic female (8.7%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (14.8%), 10th-grade male (11.5%), and 12th-grade male (9.6%) than 9th-grade female (9.2%), 10th-grade female (8.5%), and 12th-grade female (6.8%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having smoked a whole cigarette before age 13 years was higher among Hispanic (11.8%) than black (8.8%) students and higher among Hispanic male (14.7%) than white male (11.2%) and black male (11.1%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having smoked a whole cigarette before age 13 years was higher among 9th-grade (12.1%) than 11th-grade (9.8%) and 12th-grade (8.2%) students; higher among 10th-grade (10.1%) than 12th-grade (8.2%) students; and higher among 9th-grade male (14.8%) than 10th-grade male (11.5%), 11th-grade male (10.9%), and 12th-grade male (9.6%) students. The prevalence of having smoked a whole cigarette before age 13 years ranged from 4.6% to 19.7% across state surveys (median: 10.9%) and from 6.4% to 12.7% across large urban school district surveys (median: 9.1%) (Table 30).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of having smoked a whole cigarette before age 13 years increased during 1991–1993 (23.8%–26.9%) and then decreased during 1993–2011 (26.9%–10.3%). The prevalence of having smoked a whole cigarette before age 13 years did not change significantly from 2009 (10.7%) to 2011 (10.3%).

Current Cigarette Use

Nationwide, 18.1% of students had smoked cigarettes on at least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey (i.e., current cigarette use) (Table 29). Overall, the prevalence of current cigarette use was higher among male (19.9%) than female (16.1%) students; higher among black male (13.7%) and Hispanic male (19.5%) than black female (7.4%) and Hispanic female (15.2%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (15.1%) and 12th-grade male (28.0%) than 9th-grade female (10.9%) and 12th-grade female (22.2%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of current cigarette use was higher among white (20.3%) and Hispanic (17.5%) than black (10.5%) students; higher among white female (18.9%) than black female (7.4%) and Hispanic female (15.2%) students; higher among Hispanic female (15.2%) than black female (7.4%) students; and higher among white male (21.5%) and Hispanic male (19.5%) than black male (13.7%) students. Overall, the prevalence of current cigarette use was higher among 10th-grade (15.6%), 11th-grade (19.3%), and 12th-grade (25.1%) than 9th-grade (13.0%) students; higher among 11th-grade (19.3%) and 12th-grade (25.1%) than 10th-grade (15.6%) students; higher among 12th-grade (25.1%) than 11th-grade (19.3%) students; higher among 10th-grade female (15.1%), 11th-grade female (17.2%), and 12th-grade female (22.2%) than 9th-grade female (10.9%) students; higher among 12th-grade female (22.2%) than 10th-grade female (15.1%) and 11th-grade female (17.2%) students; higher among 11th-grade male (21.2%) and 12th-grade male (28.0%) than 9th-grade male (15.1%) and 10th-grade male (16.1%) students; and higher among 12th-grade male (28.0%) than 11th-grade male (21.2%) students. The prevalence of current cigarette use ranged from 5.9% to 24.1% across state surveys (median: 17.4%) and from 4.8% to 14.7% across large urban school district surveys (median: 11.0%) (Table 30).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of current cigarette use increased during 1991–1997 (27.5%–36.4%) and then decreased during 1997–2011 (36.4%–18.1%). The prevalence of current cigarette use did not change significantly from 2009 (19.5%) to 2011 (18.1%).

Current Frequent Cigarette Use

Nationwide, 6.4% of students had smoked cigarettes 20 or more days during the 30 days before the survey (i.e., current frequent cigarette use) (Table 31). Overall, the prevalence of current frequent cigarette use was higher among male (7.4%) than female (5.4%) students; higher among Hispanic male (5.8%) than Hispanic female (2.8%) students; and higher among 9th-grade male (4.3%), 11th-grade male (9.2%), and 12th-grade male (12.3%) than 9th-grade female (2.3%), 11th-grade female (6.2%), and 12th-grade female (9.3%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of current frequent cigarette use was higher among white (8.0%) than black (2.6%) and Hispanic (4.4%) students; higher among Hispanic (4.4%) than black (2.6%) students; higher among white female (7.4%) than black female (1.9%) and Hispanic female (2.8%) students; higher among white male (8.6%) than black male (3.4%) and Hispanic male (5.8%) students; and higher among Hispanic male (5.8%) than black male (3.4%) students. Overall, the prevalence of current frequent cigarette use was higher among 11th-grade (7.7%) and 12th-grade (10.8%) than 9th-grade (3.3%) and 10th-grade (4.3%) students; higher among 12th-grade (10.8%) than 11th-grade (7.7%) students; higher among 10th-grade female (4.2%), 11th-grade female (6.2%), and 12th-grade female (9.3%) than 9th-grade female (2.3%) students; higher among 12th-grade female (9.3%) than 10th-grade female (4.2%) and 11th-grade female (6.2%) students; higher among 11th-grade male (9.2%) and 12th-grade male (12.3%) than 9th-grade male (4.3%) and 10th-grade male (4.4%) students; and higher among 12th-grade male (12.3%) than 11th-grade male (9.2%) students. Prevalence of current frequent cigarette use ranged from 2.1% to 11.6% across state surveys (median: 6.3%) and from 0.9% to 5.3% across large urban school district surveys (median: 3.2%) (Table 32).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of current frequent cigarette use increased during 1991–1999 (12.7%–16.8%) and then decreased during 1999–2011 (16.8%–6.4%). The prevalence of current frequent cigarette use did not change significantly from 2009 (7.3%) to 2011 (6.4%).

Smoked More than 10 Cigarettes per Day

Among the 18.1% of students nationwide who currently smoked cigarettes, 7.8% of students had smoked more than 10 cigarettes per day on the days they smoked during the 30 days before the survey (Table 31). Overall, the prevalence of having smoked more than 10 cigarettes per day was higher among male (9.4%) than female (5.7%) students; higher among Hispanic male (8.8%) than Hispanic female (2.7%) students; and higher among 11th-grade male (11.6%) than 11th-grade female (3.9%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having smoked more than 10 cigarettes per day was higher among white (8.5%) than black (4.6%) students and higher among white female (7.4%) than Hispanic female (2.7%) students. The prevalence of having smoked more than 10 cigarettes per day ranged from 3.5% to 18.2% across state surveys (median: 7.8%) and from 1.9% to 12.9% across large urban school district surveys (median: 8.3%) (Table 32).

During 1991–2011, among students nationwide, a significant linear decrease occurred in the prevalence of having smoked more than 10 cigarettes per day (18.0%–7.8%). The prevalence of having smoked more than 10 cigarettes per day did not change significantly from 2009 (7.8%) to 2011 (7.8%).

Smoked Cigarettes on School Property

Nationwide, 4.9% of students had smoked cigarettes on school property on at least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey (Table 33). Overall, the prevalence of having smoked cigarettes on school property was higher among male (5.7%) than female (4.1%) students; higher among black male (4.3%) and Hispanic male (5.5%) than black female (1.8%) and Hispanic female (3.1%) students, respectively; and higher among 12th-grade male (8.5%) than 12th-grade female (4.7%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having smoked cigarettes on school property was higher among white (5.4%) than black (3.0%) students and higher among white female (5.0%) than black female (1.8%) and Hispanic female (3.1%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having smoked cigarettes on school property was higher among 10th-grade (4.4%), 11th-grade (5.9%), and 12th-grade (6.6%) than 9th-grade (2.8%) students; higher among 11th-grade (5.9%) and 12th-grade (6.6%) than 10th-grade (4.4%) students; higher among 10th-grade female (4.2%), 11th-grade female (5.2%), and 12th-grade female (4.7%) than 9th-grade female (2.2%) students; higher among 11th-grade male (6.7%) and 12th-grade male (8.5%) than 9th-grade male (3.4%) students; and higher among 12th-grade male (8.5%) than 10th-grade male (4.6%) students. The prevalence of having smoked cigarettes on school property ranged from 2.3% to 9.3% across state surveys (median: 4.3%) and from 1.5% to 6.1% across large urban school district surveys (median: 3.7%) (Table 34).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of having smoked cigarettes on school property did not change significantly during 1993–1995 (13.2%–16.0%) and then decreased during 1995–2011 (16.0%–4.9%). The prevalence of having smoked cigarettes on school property did not change significantly from 2009 (5.1%) to 2011 (4.9%).

Bought Cigarettes in a Store or Gas Station

Among the 14.2% of students nationwide who currently smoked cigarettes and were aged <18 years, 14.0% had usually obtained their own cigarettes by buying them in a store (e.g., convenience store, supermarket, or discount store) or gas station during the 30 days before the survey (Table 33). Overall, the prevalence of having bought their own cigarettes in a store or gas station was higher among male (17.1%) than female (10.2%) students; higher among white male (17.5%) and Hispanic male (20.8%) than white female (9.8%) and Hispanic female (7.5%) students, respectively; and higher among 10th-grade male (16.1%) than 10th-grade female (6.6%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having bought their own cigarettes in a store or gas station was higher among 11th-grade (18.3%) and 12th-grade (18.1%) than 9th-grade (8.7%) students; higher among 11th-grade (18.3%) than 10th-grade (11.8%) students; higher among 11th-grade female (13.4%) than 10th-grade female (6.6%) students; and higher among 11th-grade male (22.4%) and 12th-grade male (20.8%) than 9th-grade male (10.3%) students. The prevalence of having bought their own cigarettes in a store or gas station ranged from 3.0% to 25.5% across state surveys (median: 12.3%) and from 10.3% to 30.1% across large urban school district surveys (median: 18.0%) (Table 34).

During 2001–2011, among students nationwide who currently smoked cigarettes and were aged <18 years, a significant linear decrease occurred in the prevalence of having bought their own cigarettes in a store or gas station (19.0%–14.0%). The prevalence of having bought their own cigarettes in a store or gas station did not change significantly from 2009 (14.1%) to 2011 (14.0%).

Tried to Quit Smoking Cigarettes

Among the 18.1% of students nationwide who currently smoked cigarettes, 49.9% had tried to quit smoking cigarettes during the 12 months before the survey (Table 35). Overall, the prevalence of having tried to quit smoking cigarettes was higher among female (53.9%) than male (47.0%) students; higher among white female (54.0%) and Hispanic female (55.9%) than white male (46.3%) and Hispanic male (44.7%) students, respectively; and higher among 11th-grade female (55.1%) and 12th-grade female (52.6%) than 11th-grade male (43.1%) and 12th-grade male (44.1%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having tried to quit smoking cigarettes was higher among 10th-grade (55.9%) than 12th-grade (47.8%) students and higher among 10th-grade male (53.9%) than 11th-grade male (43.1%) and 12th-grade male (44.1%) students. The prevalence of having tried to quit smoking cigarettes ranged from 44.3% to 68.0% across state surveys (median: 52.1%) and from 40.5% to 61.6% across large urban school district surveys (median: 53.3%) (Table 36).

During 2001–2011, among students nationwide who currently smoke cigarettes, a significant linear decrease occurred in the prevalence of having ever tried to quit smoking cigarettes (57.4%–49.9%). The prevalence of having ever tried to quit smoking cigarettes did not change significantly from 2009 (50.8%) to 2011 (49.9%).

Current Smokeless Tobacco Use

Nationwide, 7.7% of students had used smokeless tobacco (e.g., chewing tobacco, snuff, or dip) on at least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey (i.e., current smokeless tobacco use) (Table 37). Overall, the prevalence of current smokeless tobacco use was higher among male (12.8%) than female (2.2%) students; higher among white male (15.6%), black male (5.4%), and Hispanic male (8.7%) than white female (2.4%), black female (0.8%), and Hispanic female (2.8%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (9.6%), 10th-grade male (12.1%), 11th-grade male (14.5%), and 12th-grade male (15.0%) than 9th-grade female (2.0%), 10th-grade female (2.1%), 11th-grade female (2.3%), and 12th-grade female (2.2%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of current smokeless tobacco use was higher among white (9.3%) than black (3.1%) and Hispanic (5.9%) students; higher among Hispanic (5.9%) than black (3.1%) students; higher among white female (2.4%) and Hispanic female (2.8%) than black female (0.8%) students; higher among white male (15.6%) than black male (5.4%) and Hispanic male (8.7%) students; and higher among Hispanic male (8.7%) than black male (5.4%) students. Overall, the prevalence of current smokeless tobacco use was higher among 11th-grade (8.6%) and 12th-grade (8.8%) than 9th-grade (5.9%) students; higher among 11th-grade male (14.5%) and 12th-grade male (15.0%) than 9th-grade male (9.6%) students; and higher among 12th-grade male (15.0%) than 10th-grade male (12.1%) students. The prevalence of current smokeless tobacco use ranged from 3.5% to 16.9% across state surveys (median: 8.8%) and from 1.4% to 7.5% across large urban school district surveys (median: 3.8%) (Table 38).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of current smokeless tobacco use decreased during 1995–2003 (11.4%–6.7%) and then did not change significantly during 2003–2011 (6.7%–7.7%). The prevalence of current smokeless tobacco use also did not change significantly from 2009 (8.9%) to 2011 (7.7%).

Used Smokeless Tobacco on School Property

Nationwide, 4.8% of students had used smokeless tobacco (e.g., chewing tobacco, snuff, or dip) on school property on at least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey (Table 37). Overall, the prevalence of having used smokeless tobacco on school property was higher among male (8.4%) than female (0.9%) students; higher among white male (10.1%), black male (3.4%), and Hispanic male (5.7%) than white female (0.8%), black female (0.4%), and Hispanic female (1.4%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (6.4%), 10th-grade male (7.8%), 11th-grade male (9.1%), and 12th-grade male (10.4%) than 9th-grade female (0.9%), 10th-grade female (1.0%), 11th-grade female (0.8%), and 12th-grade female (0.7%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having used smokeless tobacco on school property was higher among white (5.6%) than black (1.9%) and Hispanic (3.7%) students; higher among Hispanic (3.7%) than black (1.9%) students; higher among white male (10.1%) than black male (3.4%) and Hispanic male (5.7%) students; and higher among Hispanic male (5.7%) than black male (3.4%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having used smokeless tobacco on school property was higher among 12th-grade (5.7%) than 9th-grade (3.8%) students; higher among 11th-grade male (9.1%) and 12th-grade male (10.4%) than 9th-grade male (6.4%) students; and higher among 12th-grade male (10.4%) than 10th-grade male (7.8%) students. The prevalence of having used smokeless tobacco on school property ranged from 2.3% to 11.6% across state surveys (median: 5.1%) and from 0.7% to 3.5% across large urban school district surveys (median: 2.2%) (Table 38).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of having used smokeless tobacco on school property did not change significantly during 1995–2011 (6.3%–4.8%) or from 2009 (5.5%) to 2011 (4.8%).

Current Cigar Use

Nationwide, 13.1% of students had smoked cigars, cigarillos, or little cigars on at least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey (i.e., current cigar use) (Table 39). Overall, the prevalence of current cigar use was higher among male (17.8%) than female (8.0%) students; higher among white male (19.0%), black male (15.1%), and Hispanic male (17.2%) than white female (7.5%), black female (8.5%), and Hispanic female (9.1%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (12.3%), 10th-grade male (15.4%), 11th-grade male (20.4%), and 12th-grade male (23.9%) than 9th-grade female (5.5%), 10th-grade female (8.1%), 11th-grade female (8.4%), and 12th-grade female (10.2%) students, respectively. The prevalence of current cigar use was higher among white male (19.0%) than black male (15.1%) students. Overall, the prevalence of current cigar use was higher among 10th-grade (11.9%), 11th-grade (14.5%), and 12th-grade (17.3%) than 9th-grade (9.0%) students; higher among 11th-grade (14.5%) and 12th-grade (17.3%) than 10th-grade (11.9%) students; higher among 10th-grade female (8.1%), 11th-grade female (8.4%), and 12th-grade female (10.2%) than 9th-grade female (5.5%) students; higher among 10th-grade male (15.4%), 11th-grade male (20.4%), and 12th-grade male (23.9%) than 9th-grade male (12.3%) students; and higher among 11th-grade male (20.4%) and 12th-grade male (23.9%) than 10th-grade male (15.4%) students. The prevalence of current cigar use ranged from 5.0% to 18.3% across state surveys (median: 13.9%) and from 6.0% to 15.7% across large urban school district surveys (median: 10.4%) (Table 40).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of current cigar use decreased during 1997–2005 (22.0%–14.0%) and then did not change significantly during 2005–2011 (14.0%–13.1%). The prevalence of current cigar use also did not change significantly from 2009 (14.0%) to 2011 (13.1%).

Current Tobacco Use

Nationwide, 23.4% of students had reported current cigarette use, current smokeless tobacco use, or current cigar use (i.e., current tobacco use) (Table 39). Overall, the prevalence of current tobacco use was higher among male (28.1%) than female (18.5%) students; higher among white male (31.5%), black male (18.8%), and Hispanic male (24.4%) than white female (21.2%), black female (12.3%), and Hispanic female (16.3%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (19.7%), 10th-grade male (25.3%), 11th-grade male (31.6%), and 12th-grade male (37.1%) than 9th-grade female (12.4%), 10th-grade female (17.2%), 11th-grade female (19.8%), and 12th-grade female (25.4%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of current tobacco use was higher among white (26.5%) than black (15.4%) and Hispanic (20.5%) students; higher among Hispanic (20.5%) than black (15.4%) students; higher among white female (21.2%) than black female (12.3%) and Hispanic female (16.3%) students; higher among Hispanic female (16.3%) than black female (12.3%) students; higher among white male (31.5%) than black male (18.8%) and Hispanic male (24.4%) students; and higher among Hispanic male (24.4%) than black male (18.8%) students. Overall, the prevalence of current tobacco use was higher among 10th-grade (21.5%), 11th-grade (25.8%), and 12th-grade (31.4%) than 9th-grade (16.1%) students; higher among 11th-grade (25.8%) and 12th-grade (31.4%) than 10th-grade (21.5%) students; higher among 12th-grade (31.4%) than 11th-grade (25.8%) students; higher among 10th-grade female (17.2%), 11th-grade female (19.8%), and 12th-grade female (25.4%) than 9th-grade female (12.4%) students; higher among 12th-grade female (25.4%) than 10th-grade female (17.2%) and 11th-grade female (19.8%) students; higher among 10th-grade male (25.3%), 11th-grade male (31.6%), and 12th-grade male (37.1%) than 9th-grade male (19.7%) students; and higher among 11th-grade male (31.6%) and 12th-grade male (37.1%) than 10th-grade male (25.3%) students. The prevalence of current tobacco use ranged from 7.8% to 31.9% across state surveys (median: 23.9%) and from 9.3% to 20.0% across large urban school district surveys (median: 14.9%) (Table 40).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of current tobacco use decreased during 1997–2007 (43.4%–25.7%) and then did not change significantly during 2007–2011 (25.7%–23.4%). The prevalence of current tobacco use also did not change significantly from 2009 (26.0%) to 2011 (23.4%).

Alcohol and Other Drug Use

Ever Drank Alcohol

Nationwide, 70.8% of students had had at least one drink of alcohol on at least 1 day during their life (i.e., ever drank alcohol) (Table 41). The prevalence of having ever drunk alcohol was higher among black female (66.1%) than black male (60.9%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having ever drunk alcohol was higher among white (71.7%) and Hispanic (73.2%) than black (63.5%) students; higher among Hispanic female (74.1%) than black female (66.1%) students; and higher among white male (72.3%) and Hispanic male (72.4%) than black male (60.9%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having ever drunk alcohol was higher among 10th-grade (69.2%), 11th-grade (75.3%), and 12th-grade (79.0%) than 9th-grade (61.7%) students; higher among 11th-grade (75.3%) and 12th-grade (79.0%) than 10th-grade (69.2%) students; higher among 12th-grade (79.0%) than 11th-grade (75.3%) students; higher among 10th-grade female (69.1%), 11th-grade female (74.8%), and 12th-grade female (80.0%) than 9th-grade female (61.9%) students; higher among 11th-grade female (74.8%) and 12th-grade female (80.0%) than 10th-grade female (69.1%) students; higher among 12th-grade female (80.0%) than 11th-grade female (74.8%) students; higher among 10th-grade male (69.2%), 11th-grade male (75.7%), and 12th-grade male (78.0%) than 9th-grade male (61.6%) students; and higher among 11th-grade male (75.7%) and 12th-grade male (78.0%) than 10th-grade male (69.2%) students. The prevalence of having ever drunk alcohol ranged from 35.1% to 75.6% across state surveys (median: 66.3%) and from 49.1% to 72.2% across large urban school district surveys (median: 65.2%) (Table 42).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of having ever drunk alcohol did not change significantly during 1991–1999 (81.6%–81.0%) and then decreased during 1999–2011 (81.0%–70.8%). The prevalence of having ever drunk alcohol did not change significantly from 2009 (72.5%) to 2011 (70.8%).

Drank Alcohol Before Age 13 Years

Nationwide, 20.5% of students had drunk alcohol (other than a few sips) for the first time before age 13 years (Table 41). Overall, the prevalence of having drunk alcohol before age 13 years was higher among male (23.3%) than female (17.4%) students; higher among white male (21.1%), black male (24.1%), and Hispanic male (27.2%) than white female (14.8%), black female (19.4%), and Hispanic female (23.0%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (28.9%), 10th-grade male (24.3%), 11th-grade male (20.9%), and 12th-grade male (17.9%) than 9th-grade female (24.1%), 10th-grade female (17.6%), 11th-grade female (14.2%), and 12th-grade female (12.2%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having drunk alcohol before age 13 years was higher among black (21.8%) than white (18.1%) students; higher among Hispanic (25.2%) than white (18.1%) and black (21.8%) students; higher among black female (19.4%) than white female (14.8%) students; higher among Hispanic female (23.0%) than white female (14.8%) and black female (19.4%) students; and higher among Hispanic male (27.2%) than white male (21.1%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having drunk alcohol before age 13 years was higher among 9th-grade (26.6%) than 10th-grade (21.1%), 11th-grade (17.6%), and 12th-grade (15.1%) students; higher among 10th-grade (21.1%) than 11th-grade (17.6%) and 12th-grade (15.1%) students; higher among 11th-grade (17.6%) than 12th-grade (15.1%) students; higher among 9th-grade female (24.1%) than 10th-grade female (17.6%), 11th-grade female (14.2%), and 12th-grade female (12.2%) students; higher among 10th-grade female (17.6%) than 11th-grade female (14.2%) and 12th-grade female (12.2%) students; higher among 9th-grade male (28.9%) than 10th-grade male (24.3%), 11th-grade male (20.9%), and 12th-grade male (17.9%) students; and higher among 10th-grade male (24.3%) and 11th-grade male (20.9%) than 12th-grade male (17.9%) students. The prevalence of having drunk alcohol before age 13 years ranged from ranged from 10.7% to 27.4% across state surveys (median: 19.0%) and from 16.2% to 26.4% across large urban school district surveys (median: 21.9%) (Table 42).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of having drunk alcohol before age 13 years did not change significantly during 1991–1999 (32.7%–32.2%) and then decreased during 1999–2011 (32.2%–20.5%). The prevalence of having drunk alcohol before age 13 years did not change significantly from 2009 (21.1%) to 2011 (20.5%).

Current Alcohol Use

Nationwide, 38.7% of students had had at least one drink of alcohol on at least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey (i.e., current alcohol use) (Table 43). The prevalence of current alcohol use was higher among 11th-grade male (45.2%) and 12th-grade male (51.2%) than 11th-grade female (40.1%) and 12th-grade female (45.4%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of current alcohol use was higher among white (40.3%) and Hispanic (42.3%) than black (30.5%) students; higher among white female (38.8%) and Hispanic female (42.4%) than black female (31.6%) students; and higher among white male (41.6%) and Hispanic male (42.1%) than black male (29.5%) students. Overall, the prevalence of current alcohol use was higher among 10th-grade (35.7%), 11th-grade (42.7%), and 12th-grade (48.4%) than 9th-grade (29.8%) students; higher among 11th-grade (42.7%) and 12th-grade (48.4%) than 10th-grade (35.7%) students; higher among 12th-grade (48.4%) than 11th-grade (42.7%) students; higher among 10th-grade female (37.1%), 11th-grade female (40.1%), and 12th-grade female (45.4%) than 9th-grade female (30.3%) students; and higher among 12th-grade female (45.4%) than 10th-grade female (37.1%) and 11th-grade female (40.1%) students; higher among 10th-grade male (34.4%), 11th-grade male (45.2%), and 12th-grade male (51.2%) than 9th-grade male (29.3%) students; higher among 11th-grade male (45.2%) and 12th-grade male (51.2%) than 10th-grade male (34.4%) students; and higher among 12th-grade male (51.2%) than 11th-grade male (45.2%) students. The prevalence of current alcohol use ranged from 15.0% to 44.4% across state surveys (median: 36.2%) and from 21.0% to 43.5% across large urban school district surveys (median: 33.0%) (Table 44).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of current alcohol use did not change significantly during 1991–1999 (50.8%–50.0%) and then decreased during 1999–2011 (50.0%–38.7%). The prevalence of current alcohol use also decreased from 2009 (41.8%) to 2011 (38.7%).

Binge Drinking

Nationwide, 21.9% of students had had five or more drinks of alcohol in a row (i.e., within a couple of hours) on at least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey (i.e., binge drinking) (Table 43). Overall, the prevalence of binge drinking was higher among male (23.8%) than female (19.8%) students; higher among white male (26.1%) and black male (14.5%) than white female (21.7%) and black female (10.3%) students, respectively; and higher among 11th-grade male (27.9%) and 12th-grade male (35.7%) than 11th-grade female (22.6%) and 12th-grade female (27.0%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of binge drinking was higher among white (24.0%) and Hispanic (24.2%) than black (12.4%) students; higher among white female (21.7%) and Hispanic female (22.4%) than black female (10.3%) students; and higher among white male (26.1%) and Hispanic male (25.9%) than black male (14.5%) students. Overall, the prevalence of binge drinking was higher among 10th-grade (18.4%), 11th-grade (25.2%), and 12th-grade (31.5%) than 9th-grade (14.0%) students; higher among 11th-grade (25.2%) and 12th-grade (31.5%) than 10th-grade (18.4%) students; higher among 12th-grade (31.5%) than 11th-grade (25.2%) students; higher among 10th-grade female (17.8%), 11th-grade female (22.6%), and 12th-grade female (27.0%) than 9th-grade female (13.0%) students; higher among 11th-grade female (22.6%) and 12th-grade female (27.0%) than 10th-grade female (17.8%) students; higher among 12th-grade female (27.0%) than 11th-grade female (22.6%) students; higher among 10th-grade male (19.0%), 11th-grade male (27.9%), and 12th-grade male (35.7%) than 9th-grade male (15.0%) students; higher among 11th-grade male (27.9%) and 12th-grade male (35.7%) than 10th-grade male (19.0%) students; and higher among 12th-grade male (35.7%) than 11th-grade male (27.9%) students. The prevalence of binge drinking ranged from 9.1% to 26.5% across state surveys (median: 21.8%) and from 7.4% to 25.2% across large urban school district surveys (median: 17.5%) (Table 44).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of binge drinking did not change significantly during 1991–1997 (31.3%–33.4%) and then decreased during 1997–2011 (33.4%–21.9%). The prevalence of binge drinking also decreased from 2009 (24.2%) to 2011 (21.9%).

Drank Alcohol on School Property

Nationwide, 5.1% of students had drunk at least one drink of alcohol on school property on at least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey (Table 45). The prevalence of having drunk alcohol on school property was higher among black male (6.5%) than black female (3.8%) students and higher among 12th-grade male (6.4%) than 12th-grade female (3.8%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having drunk alcohol on school property was higher among Hispanic (7.3%) than white (4.0%) and black (5.1%) students; higher among Hispanic female (6.6%) than white female (3.8%) and black female (3.8%) students; and higher among black male (6.5%) and Hispanic male (7.9%) than white male (4.2%) students. The prevalence of having drunk alcohol on school property ranged from 2.0% to 6.4% across state surveys (median: 4.1%) and from 2.6% to 10.7% across large urban school district surveys (median: 5.3%) (Table 46).

During 1993–2011, among students nationwide, a significant linear decrease occurred in the prevalence of having drunk alcohol on school property (5.2%–5.1%). The prevalence of having drunk alcohol on school property did not change significantly from 2009 (4.5%) to 2011 (5.1%).

Someone Gave Alcohol to Them

Among the 38.7% of students nationwide who currently drank alcohol, 40.0% had usually obtained the alcohol they drank by someone giving it to them during the 30 days before the survey (Table 45). Overall, the prevalence of having someone give alcohol to them was higher among female (45.7%) than male (35.0%) students; higher among white female (43.9%), black female (50.6%), and Hispanic female (46.9%) than white male (34.4%), black male (39.1%), and Hispanic male (33.1%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade female (49.4%), 11th-grade female (43.7%), and 12th-grade female (47.3%) than 9th-grade male (29.4%), 11th-grade male (32.9%), and 12th-grade male (36.3%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having someone give alcohol to them was higher among black (44.9%) than white (38.8%) students. The prevalence of having someone give alcohol to them was higher among 10th-grade male (41.8%) than 9th-grade male (29.4%) and 11th-grade male (32.9%) students. The prevalence of having someone give alcohol to them ranged from 31.2% to 44.2% across state surveys (median: 38.5%) and from 26.5% to 44.8% across large urban school district surveys (median: 36.3%) (Table 46).

Among students nationwide who currently drank alcohol, the prevalence of having someone give alcohol to them did not change significantly during 2007–2011 (41.7%–40.0%) or from 2009 (42.2%) to 2011 (40.0%).

Ever Used Marijuana

Nationwide, 39.9% of students had used marijuana one or more times during their life (i.e., ever used marijuana) (Table 47). Overall, the prevalence of having ever used marijuana was higher among male (42.5%) than female (37.2%) students; higher among white male (40.3%), black male (48.5%), and Hispanic male (45.0%) than white female (35.4%), black female (37.7%), and Hispanic female (39.1%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (34.9%) and 11th-grade male (48.7%) than 9th-grade female (26.4%) and 11th-grade female (42.1%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having ever used marijuana was higher among black (43.0%) and Hispanic (42.1%) than white (37.9%) students and higher among black male (48.5%) and Hispanic male (45.0%) than white male (40.3%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having ever used marijuana was higher among 10th-grade (36.4%), 11th-grade (45.5%), and 12th-grade (48.9%) than 9th-grade (30.8%) students; higher among 11th-grade (45.5%) and 12th-grade (48.9%) than 10th-grade (36.4%) students; higher among 10th-grade female (35.2%), 11th-grade female (42.1%), and 12th-grade female (47.1%) than 9th-grade female (26.4%) students; higher among 11th-grade female (42.1%) and 12th-grade female (47.1%) than 10th-grade female (35.2%) students; higher among 12th-grade female (47.1%) than 11th-grade female (42.1%) students; and higher among 11th-grade male (48.7%) and 12th-grade male (50.8%) than 9th-grade male (34.9%) and 10th-grade male (37.5%) students. The prevalence of having ever used marijuana ranged from 19.6% to 46.0% across state surveys (median: 37.3%) and from 30.1% to 54.1% across large urban school district surveys (median: 40.5%) (Table 48).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of having ever used marijuana increased during 1991–1999 (31.3%–47.2%) and then decreased during 1999–2011 (47.2%–39.9%). The prevalence of having ever used marijuana increased from 2009 (36.8%) to 2011 (39.9%).

Tried Marijuana Before Age 13 Years

Nationwide, 8.1% of students had tried marijuana for the first time before age 13 years (Table 47). Overall, the prevalence of having tried marijuana before age 13 years was higher among male (10.4%) than female (5.7%) students; higher among white male (8.5%), black male (14.2%), and Hispanic male (11.6%) than white female (4.4%), black female (6.9%), and Hispanic female (7.1%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (12.7%), 10th-grade male (10.1%), 11th-grade male (9.6%), and 12th-grade male (8.7%) than 9th-grade female (6.6%), 10th-grade female (4.8%), 11th-grade female (5.6%), and 12th-grade female (5.3%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having tried marijuana before age 13 years was higher among black (10.5%) and Hispanic (9.4%) than white (6.5%) students; higher among black female (6.9%) and Hispanic female (7.1%) than white female (4.4%) students; and higher among black male (14.2%) and Hispanic male (11.6%) than white male (8.5%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having tried marijuana before age 13 years was higher among 9th-grade (9.7%) than 10th-grade (7.5%), 11th-grade (7.6%), and 12th-grade (7.0%) students; higher among 9th-grade female (6.6%) than 10th-grade female (4.8%) students; and higher among 9th-grade male (12.7%) than 11th-grade male (9.6%) and 12th-grade male (8.7%) students. The prevalence of having tried marijuana before age 13 years ranged from 4.3% to 18.5% across state surveys (median: 7.8%) and from 6.3% to 15.2% across large urban school district surveys (median: 10.1%) (Table 48).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of having tried marijuana before age 13 years increased during 1991–1999 (7.4%–11.3%) and then decreased during 1999–2011 (11.3%–8.1%). The prevalence of having tried marijuana before age 13 years did not change significantly from 2009 (7.5%) to 2011 (8.1%).

Current Marijuana Use

Nationwide, 23.1% of students had used marijuana one or more times during the 30 days before the survey (i.e., current marijuana use) (Table 49). Overall, the prevalence of current marijuana use was higher among male (25.9%) than female (20.1%) students; higher among white male (24.4%), black male (29.1%), and Hispanic male (27.0%) than white female (18.8%), black female (21.3%), and Hispanic female (21.6%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (20.5%), 10th-grade male (24.2%), 11th-grade male (28.9%), and 12th-grade male (31.1%) than 9th-grade female (15.4%), 10th-grade female (18.9%), 11th-grade female (22.0%), and 12th-grade female (24.7%) students, respectively. The prevalence of current marijuana use was higher among black male (29.1%) than white male (24.4%) students. Overall, the prevalence of current marijuana use was higher among 10th-grade (21.6%), 11th-grade (25.5%), and 12th-grade (28.0%) than 9th-grade (18.0%) students; higher among 11th-grade (25.5%) and 12th-grade (28.0%) than 10th-grade (21.6%) students; higher among 10th-grade female (18.9%), 11th-grade female (22.0%), and 12th-grade female (24.7%) than 9th-grade female (15.4%) students; higher among 12th-grade female (24.7%) than 10th-grade female (18.9%) students; higher among 11th-grade male (28.9%) and 12th-grade male (31.1%) than 9th-grade male (20.5%) and 10th-grade male (24.2%) students. The prevalence of current marijuana use ranged from 9.6% to 28.4% across state surveys (median: 21.1%) and from 16.3% to 31.7% across large urban school district surveys (median: 22.1%) (Table 50).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of current marijuana use increased during 1991–1999 (14.7%–26.7%) and then decreased during 1999–2011 (26.7%–23.1%). The prevalence of current marijuana use increased from 2009 (20.8%) to 2011 (23.1%).

Used Marijuana on School Property

Nationwide, 5.9% of students had used marijuana on school property one or more times during the 30 days before the survey (Table 49). Overall, the prevalence of having used marijuana on school property was higher among male (7.5%) than female (4.1%) students; higher among white male (5.6%), black male (9.3%), and Hispanic male (9.6%) than white female (3.4%), black female (4.1%), and Hispanic female (5.7%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (7.0%), 10th-grade male (8.0%), 11th-grade male (7.5%), and 12th-grade male (7.2%) than 9th-grade female (3.7%), 10th-grade female (4.2%), 11th-grade female (4.7%), and 12th-grade female (3.5%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having used marijuana on school property was higher among black (6.7%) and Hispanic (7.7%) than white (4.5%) students; higher among Hispanic female (5.7%) than white female (3.4%) students; and higher among black male (9.3%) and Hispanic male (9.6%) than white male (5.6%) students. The prevalence of having used marijuana on school property ranged from 2.4% to 9.7% across state surveys (median: 4.7%) and from 4.5% to 11.5% across large urban school district surveys (median: 6.9%) (Table 50).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of having used marijuana on school property decreased during 1995–2005 (8.8%–4.5%) and then increased during 2005–2011 (4.5%–5.9%). The prevalence of having used marijuana on school property increased from 2009 (4.6%) to 2011 (5.9%).

Ever Used Cocaine

Nationwide, 6.8% of students had used any form of cocaine (e.g., powder, crack,§ or freebase) one or more times during their life (i.e., ever used cocaine) (Table 51). Overall, the prevalence of having ever used cocaine was higher among male (7.9%) than female (5.7%) students; higher among white male (7.6%), black male (4.2%), and Hispanic male (11.9%) than white female (5.8%), black female (1.1%), and Hispanic female (8.4%) students, respectively; and higher among 11th-grade male (8.5%) and 12th-grade male (10.1%) than 11th-grade female (6.4%) and 12th-grade female (6.8%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having ever used cocaine was higher among white (6.7%) and Hispanic (10.2%) than black (2.6%) students; higher among Hispanic (10.2%) than white (6.7%) students; higher among white female (5.8%) and Hispanic female (8.4%) than black female (1.1%) students; higher among Hispanic female (8.4%) than white female (5.8%) students; higher among white male (7.6%) and Hispanic male (11.9%) than black male (4.2%) students; and higher among Hispanic male (11.9%) than white male (7.6%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having ever used cocaine was higher among 11th-grade (7.5%) and 12th-grade (8.5%) than 9th-grade (5.0%) students; higher among 12th-grade (8.5%) than 10th-grade (6.5%) students; higher among 11th-grade female (6.4%) and 12th-grade female (6.8%) than 9th-grade female (4.1%) students; higher among 11th-grade male (8.5%) and 12th-grade male (10.1%) than 9th-grade male (5.8%) students; and higher among 12th-grade male (10.1%) than 10th-grade male (7.4%) students. The prevalence of having ever used cocaine ranged from 4.0% to 11.4% across state surveys (median: 5.9%) and from 1.5% to 9.3% across large urban school district surveys (median: 5.8%) (Table 52).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of having ever used cocaine increased during 1991–1999 (5.9%–9.5%) and then decreased during 1999–2011 (9.5%–6.8%). The prevalence of having ever used cocaine did not change significantly from 2009 (6.4%) to 2011 (6.8%).

Current Cocaine Use

Nationwide, 3.0% of students had used any form of cocaine (e.g., powder, crack, or freebase) one or more times during the 30 days before the survey (i.e., current cocaine use) (Table 51). Overall, the prevalence of current cocaine use was higher among male (4.1%) than female (1.8%) students; higher among white male (3.3%), black male (2.0%), and Hispanic male (7.5%) than white female (1.6%), black female (0.1%), and Hispanic female (3.2%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (3.8%), 10th-grade male (4.2%), 11th-grade male (4.1%), and 12th-grade male (4.2%) than 9th-grade female (1.6%), 10th-grade female (1.7%), 11th-grade female (1.9%), and 12th-grade female (1.9%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of current cocaine use was higher among white (2.5%) and Hispanic (5.4%) than black (1.1%) students; higher among Hispanic (5.4%) than white (2.5%) students; higher among white female (1.6%) and Hispanic female (3.2%) than black female (0.1%) students; higher among Hispanic female (3.2%) than white female (1.6%) students; higher among white male (3.3%) and Hispanic male (7.5%) than black male (2.0%) students; and higher among Hispanic male (7.5%) than white male (3.3%) students. The prevalence of current cocaine use ranged from 1.4% to 5.2% across state surveys (median: 2.7%) and from 0.8% to 4.3% across large urban school district surveys (median: 2.8%) (Table 52).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of current cocaine use increased during 1991–2001 (1.7%–4.2%) and then decreased during 2001–2011 (4.2%–3.0%). The prevalence of current cocaine use did not change significantly from 2009 (2.8%) to 2011 (3.0%).

Ever Used Inhalants

Nationwide, 11.4% of students had sniffed glue, breathed the contents of aerosol spray cans, or inhaled any paints or sprays to get high one or more times during their life (i.e., ever used inhalants) (Table 53). Overall, the prevalence of having ever used inhalants was higher among female (12.3%) than male (10.5%) students; higher among white female (11.6%) than white male (9.8%) students; and higher among 9th-grade female (14.2%) than 9th-grade male (11.1%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having ever used inhalants was higher among Hispanic (14.4%) than white (10.7%) and black (9.2%) students; higher among white female (11.6%) and Hispanic female (15.7%) than black female (9.1%) students; higher among Hispanic female (15.7%) than white female (11.6%) students; and higher among Hispanic male (13.1%) than white male (9.8%) and black male (9.3%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having ever used inhalants was higher among 9th-grade (12.7%), 10th-grade (11.8%), and 11th-grade (11.1%) than 12th-grade (9.3%) students; higher among 9th-grade female (14.2%) than 12th-grade female (10.1%) students; and higher among 9th-grade male (11.1%) and 10th-grade male (11.3%) than 12th-grade male (8.6%) students. The prevalence of having ever used inhalants ranged from 7.3% to 14.5% across state surveys (median: 10.9%) and from 5.6% to 18.7% across large urban school district surveys (median: 9.9%) (Table 54).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of having ever used inhalants decreased during 1995–2003 (20.3%–12.1%) and then did not change significantly during 2003–2011 (12.1%–11.4%). The prevalence of having ever used inhalants also did not change significantly from 2009 (11.7%) to 2011 (11.4%).

Ever Used Ecstasy

Nationwide, 8.2% of students had used ecstasy (also called "MDMA") one or more times during their life (i.e., ever used ecstasy) (Table 53). Overall, the prevalence of having ever used ecstasy was higher among male (9.8%) than female (6.5%) students; higher among white male (8.7%), black male (8.7%), and Hispanic male (12.6%) than white female (6.7%), black female (3.3%), and Hispanic female (8.4%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (6.5%), 10th-grade male (9.5%), and 11th-grade male (11.0%) than 9th-grade female (3.7%), 10th-grade female (5.8%), and 11th-grade female (7.2%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having ever used ecstasy was higher among Hispanic (10.6%) than white (7.7%) and black (6.0%) students; higher among white female (6.7%) and Hispanic female (8.4%) than black female (3.3%) students; and higher among Hispanic male (12.6%) than white male (8.7%) and black male (8.7%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having ever used ecstasy was higher among 10th-grade (7.7%), 11th-grade (9.2%), and 12th-grade (11.3%) than 9th-grade (5.2%) students; higher among 12th-grade (11.3%) than 10th-grade (7.7%) and 11th-grade (9.2%) students; higher among 10th-grade female (5.8%), 11th-grade female (7.2%), and 12th-grade female (9.9%) than 9th-grade female (3.7%) students; higher among 12th-grade female (9.9%) than 10th-grade female (5.8%) and 11th-grade female (7.2%) students; higher among 10th-grade male (9.5%), 11th-grade male (11.0%), and 12th-grade male (12.6%) than 9th-grade male (6.5%) students; and higher among 12th-grade male (12.6%) than 10th-grade male (9.5%) students. The prevalence of having ever used ecstasy ranged from 4.5% to 12.2% across state surveys (median: 7.0%) and from 2.7% to 16.4% across large urban school district surveys (median: 8.5%) (Table 54).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of having ever used ecstasy decreased during 2001–2007 (11.1%–5.8%) and then increased during 2007–2011 (5.8%–8.2%). The prevalence of having ever used ecstasy also increased from 2009 (6.7%) to 2011 (8.2%).

Ever Used Heroin

Nationwide, 2.9% of students had used heroin (also called "smack," "junk," or "China White") one or more times during their life (i.e., ever used heroin) (Table 55). Overall, the prevalence of having ever used heroin was higher among male (3.9%) than female (1.8%) students; higher among white male (3.4%), black male (4.3%), and Hispanic male (4.0%) than white female (1.5%), black female (1.1%), and Hispanic female (2.6%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (3.9%), 10th-grade male (3.8%), and 11th-grade male (4.1%) than 9th-grade female (1.8%), 10th-grade female (1.8%), and 11th-grade female (1.6%) students, respectively. The prevalence of having ever used heroin was higher among Hispanic female (2.6%) than black female (1.1%) students. The prevalence of having ever used heroin ranged from 1.3% to 5.2% across state surveys (median: 3.0%) and from 0.8% to 5.3% across large urban school district surveys (median: 2.8%) (Table 56).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of having ever used heroin did not change significantly during 1999–2011 (2.4%–2.9%) or from 2009 (2.5%) to 2011 (2.9%).

Ever Used Methamphetamines

Nationwide, 3.8% of students had used methamphetamines (also called "speed," "crystal," "crank," or "ice") one or more times during their life (i.e., ever used methamphetamines) (Table 55). Overall, the prevalence of having ever used methamphetamines was higher among male (4.5%) than female (3.0%) students; higher among black male (4.2%) and Hispanic male (5.7%) than black female (1.0%) and Hispanic female (3.4%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (3.8%), 10th-grade male (4.7%), and 11th-grade male (4.9%) than 9th-grade female (2.6%), 10th-grade female (2.6%), and 11th-grade female (3.1%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having ever used methamphetamines was higher among Hispanic (4.6%) than black (2.6%) students and higher among white female (3.1%) and Hispanic female (3.4%) than black female (1.0%) students. The prevalence of having ever used methamphetamines ranged from 2.4% to 6.0% across state surveys (median: 3.6%) and from 1.3% to 6.9% across large urban school district surveys (median: 4.0%) (Table 56).

During 1999–2011, among students nationwide, a significant linear decrease occurred in the prevalence of having ever used methamphetamines (9.1%–3.8%). The prevalence of having ever used methamphetamines did not change significantly from 2009 (4.1%) to 2011 (3.8%).

Ever Used Hallucinogenic Drugs

Nationwide, 8.7% of students had used hallucinogenic drugs (e.g., LSD, acid, PCP, angel dust, mescaline, or mushrooms) one or more times during their life (i.e., ever used hallucinogenic drugs) (Table 57). Overall, the prevalence of having ever used hallucinogenic drugs was higher among male (11.3%) than female (5.9%) students; higher among white male (11.6%), black male (6.0%), and Hispanic male (12.2%) than white female (6.9%), black female (0.7%), and Hispanic female (5.7%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (8.7%), 10th-grade male (9.3%), 11th-grade male (13.4%), and 12th-grade male (14.1%) than 9th-grade female (3.9%), 10th-grade female (5.9%), 11th-grade female (5.2%), and 12th-grade female (8.7%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having ever used hallucinogenic drugs was higher among white (9.3%) and Hispanic (9.1%) than black (3.3%) students; higher among white female (6.9%) and Hispanic female (5.7%) than black female (0.7%) students; and higher among white male (11.6%) and Hispanic male (12.2%) than black male (6.0%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having ever used hallucinogenic drugs was higher among 11th-grade (9.4%) and 12th-grade (11.5%) than 9th-grade (6.3%) students; higher among 12th-grade (11.5%) than 10th-grade (7.7%) students; higher among 10th-grade female (5.9%) than 9th-grade female (3.9%) students; higher among 12th-grade female (8.7%) than 9th-grade female (3.9%), 10th-grade female (5.9%), and 11th-grade female (5.2%) students; and higher among 11th-grade male (13.4%) and 12th-grade male (14.1%) than 9th-grade male (8.7%) and 10th-grade male (9.3%) students.

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of having ever used hallucinogenic drugs decreased during 2001–2007 (13.3%–7.8%) and then did not change significantly during 2007–2011 (7.8%–8.7%). The prevalence of having ever used hallucinogenic drugs also did not change significantly from 2009 (8.0%) to 2011 (8.7%).

Ever Took Steroids Without a Doctor's Prescription

Nationwide, 3.6% of students had taken steroid pills or shots without a doctor's prescription one or more times during their life (i.e., ever took steroids without a doctor's prescription) (Table 57). Overall, the prevalence of having ever taken steroids without a doctor's prescription was higher among male (4.2%) than female (2.9%) students; higher among black male (4.5%) than black female (1.3%) students; and higher among 10th-grade male (4.0%) and 12th-grade male (3.7%) than 10th-grade female (2.3%) and 12th-grade female (1.9%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having ever taken steroids without a doctor's prescription was higher among Hispanic (4.3%) than black (2.9%) students and higher among white female (2.8%) and Hispanic female (4.3%) than black female (1.3%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having ever taken steroids without a doctor's prescription was higher among 9th-grade (4.2%) than 12th-grade (2.8%) students and higher among 9th-grade female (3.9%) than 12th-grade female (1.9%) students. The prevalence of having ever taken steroids without a doctor's prescription ranged from 1.8% to 6.1% across state surveys (median: 3.4%) and from 1.8% to 5.2% across large urban school district surveys (median: 3.7%) (Table 58).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of having ever taken steroids without a doctor's prescription increased during 1991–2003 (2.7%–6.1%) and then decreased during 2003–2011 (6.1%–3.6%). The prevalence of having ever taken steroids without a doctor's prescription did not change significantly from 2009 (3.3%) to 2011 (3.6%).

Ever Took Prescription Drugs Without a Doctor's Prescription

Nationwide, 20.7% of students had taken prescription drugs (e.g., Oxycontin, Percocet, Vicodin, codeine, Adderall, Ritalin, or Xanax) without a doctor's prescription one or more times during their life (i.e., ever took prescription drugs without a doctor's prescription) (Table 59). The prevalence of having ever taken prescription drugs without a doctor's prescription was higher among black male (17.5%) than black female (11.9%) students and higher among 12th-grade male (27.9%) than 12th-grade female (23.2%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having ever taken prescription drugs without a doctor's prescription was higher among white (22.9%) than black (14.7%) and Hispanic (19.4%) students; higher among Hispanic (19.4%) than black (14.7%) students; higher among white female (22.2%) and Hispanic female (19.0%) than black female (11.9%) students; and higher among white male (23.6%) than black male (17.5%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having ever taken prescription drugs without a doctor's prescription was higher among 11th-grade (23.3%) and 12th-grade (25.6%) than 9th-grade (16.5%) and 10th-grade (18.2%) students; higher among 11th-grade female (22.2%) and 12th-grade female (23.2%) than 9th-grade female (16.2%) students; higher among 12th-grade female (23.2%) than 10th-grade female (18.1%) students; and higher among 11th-grade male (24.5%) and 12th-grade male (27.9%) than 9th-grade male (16.7%) and 10th-grade male (18.3%) students. The prevalence of having ever taken prescription drugs without a doctor's prescription ranged from 12.4% to 22.1% across state surveys (median: 17.6%) and from 7.3% to 18.3% across large urban school district surveys (median: 12.6%) (Table 60).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of having ever taken prescription drugs without a doctor's prescription did not change significantly from 2009 (20.2%) to 2011 (20.7%).

Ever Injected Any Illegal Drug

Nationwide, 2.3% of students had used a needle to inject any illegal drug into their body one or more times during their life (i.e., ever injected any illegal drug) (Table 59). Overall, the prevalence of having ever injected any illegal drug was higher among male (2.9%) than female (1.6%) students; higher among white male (2.3%) and black male (3.5%) than white female (1.4%) and black female (1.4%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (2.6%) and 11th-grade male (3.6%) than 9th-grade female (1.5%) and 11th-grade female (1.1%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having ever injected any illegal drug was higher among Hispanic (2.9%) than white (1.9%) students. The prevalence of having ever injected any illegal drug ranged from 1.6% to 4.2% across state surveys (median: 2.5%) and from 1.0% to 13.0% across large urban school district surveys (median: 2.9%) (Table 60).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of having ever injected any illegal drug did not change significantly during 1995–2011 (2.1%–2.3%) or from 2009 (2.1%) to 2011 (2.3%).

Offered, Sold, or Given an Illegal Drug on School Property

Nationwide, 25.6% of students had been offered, sold, or given an illegal drug by someone on school property during the 12 months before the survey (Table 61). Overall, the prevalence of having been offered, sold, or given an illegal drug on school property was higher among male (29.2%) than female (21.7%) students; higher among white male (26.3%), black male (28.7%), and Hispanic male (35.8%) than white female (18.8%), black female (17.0%), and Hispanic female (30.5%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (25.9%), 10th-grade male (30.8%), 11th-grade male (32.5%), and 12th-grade male (28.1%) than 9th-grade female (21.3%), 10th-grade female (24.6%), 11th-grade female (21.3%), and 12th-grade female (19.3%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having been offered, sold, or given an illegal drug on school property was higher among Hispanic (33.2%) than white (22.7%) and black (22.8%) students; higher among Hispanic female (30.5%) than white female (18.8%) and black female (17.0%) students; and higher among Hispanic male (35.8%) than white male (26.3%) and black male (28.7%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having been offered, sold, or given an illegal drug on school property was higher among 10th-grade (27.8%) and 11th-grade (27.0%) than 9th-grade (23.7%) and 12th-grade (23.8%) students; higher among 10th-grade female (24.6%) than 9th-grade female (21.3%), 11th-grade female (21.3%), and 12th-grade female (19.3%) students; and higher among 10th-grade male (30.8%) and 11th-grade male (32.5%) than 9th-grade male (25.9%) students. The prevalence of having been offered, sold, or given an illegal drug on school property ranged from 11.9% to 34.6% across state surveys (median: 24.3%) and from 14.3% to 39.3% across large urban school district surveys (median: 28.7%) (Table 62).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of having been offered, sold, or given an illegal drug by someone on school property increased during 1993–1995 (24.0%–32.1%) and then decreased during 1995–2011 (32.1%–25.6%). The prevalence of having been offered, sold, or given an illegal drug on school property increased from 2009 (22.7%) to 2011 (25.6%).

Sexual Behaviors that Contribute to Unintended Pregnancy and Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Including HIV Infection

Ever Had Sexual Intercourse

Nationwide, 47.4% of students had ever had sexual intercourse (Table 63). Overall, the prevalence of having ever had sexual intercourse was higher among male (49.2%) than female (45.6%) students; higher among black male (66.9%) and Hispanic male (53.0%) than black female (53.6%) and Hispanic female (43.9%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (37.8%) than 9th-grade female (27.8%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having ever had sexual intercourse was higher among black (60.0%) and Hispanic (48.6%) than white (44.3%) students; higher among black (60.0%) than Hispanic (48.6%) students; higher among black female (53.6%) than white female (44.5%) and Hispanic female (43.9%) students; higher among black male (66.9%) and Hispanic male (53.0%) than white male (44.0%) students; and higher among black male (66.9%) than Hispanic male (53.0%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having ever had sexual intercourse was higher among 10th-grade (43.8%), 11th-grade (53.2%), and 12th-grade (63.1%) than 9th-grade (32.9%) students; higher among 11th-grade (53.2%) and 12th-grade (63.1%) than 10th-grade (43.8%) students; higher among 12th-grade (63.1%) than 11th-grade (53.2%) students; higher among 10th-grade female (43.0%), 11th-grade female (51.9%), and 12th-grade female (63.6%) than 9th-grade female (27.8%) students; higher among 11th-grade female (51.9%) and 12th-grade female (63.6%) than 10th-grade female (43.0%) students; higher among 12th-grade female (63.6%) than 11th-grade female (51.9%) students; higher among 10th-grade male (44.5%), 11th-grade male (54.5%), and 12th-grade male (62.6%) than 9th-grade male (37.8%) students; higher among 11th-grade male (54.5%) and 12th-grade male (62.6%) than 10th-grade male (44.5%) students; and higher among 12th-grade male (62.6%) than 11th-grade male (54.5%) students. The prevalence of having ever had sexual intercourse ranged from 37.0% to 59.0% across state surveys (median: 46.9%) and from 27.8% to 62.2% across large urban school district surveys (median: 50.0%) (Table 64).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of having ever had sexual intercourse decreased during 1991–2001 (54.1%–45.6%) and then did not change significantly during 2001–2011 (45.6%–47.4%). The prevalence of having ever had sexual intercourse also did not change significantly from 2009 (46.0%) to 2011 (47.4%).

Had First Sexual Intercourse Before Age 13 Years

Nationwide, 6.2% of students had had sexual intercourse for the first time before age 13 years (Table 63). Overall, the prevalence of having had sexual intercourse before age 13 years was higher among male (9.0%) than female (3.4%) students; higher among white male (5.2%), black male (21.1%), and Hispanic male (11.1%) than white female (2.6%), black female (7.0%), and Hispanic female (2.9%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (13.3%), 10th-grade male (8.6%), 11th-grade male (6.8%), and 12th-grade male (6.2%) than 9th-grade female (4.1%), 10th-grade female (3.9%), 11th-grade female (3.0%), and 12th-grade female (2.2%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having had sexual intercourse before age 13 years was higher among black (13.9%) and Hispanic (7.1%) than white (3.9%) students; higher among black (13.9%) than Hispanic (7.1%) students; higher among black female (7.0%) than white female (2.6%) and Hispanic female (2.9%) students; higher among black male (21.2%) and Hispanic male (11.1%) than white male (5.2%) students; and higher among black male (21.2%) than Hispanic male (11.1%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having had sexual intercourse before age 13 years was higher among 9th-grade (8.8%) than 10th-grade (6.3%), 11th-grade (4.9%), and 12th-grade (4.2%) students; higher among 10th-grade (6.3%) than 11th-grade (4.9%) and 12th-grade (4.2%) students; higher among 9th-grade female (4.1%) and 10th-grade female (3.9%) than 12th-grade female (2.2%) students; and higher among 9th-grade male (13.3%) than 10th-grade male (8.6%), 11th-grade male (6.8%), and 12th-grade male (6.2%) students. The prevalence of having had sexual intercourse before age 13 years ranged from 3.6% to 11.8% across state surveys (median: 5.0%) and from 4.9% to 15.6% across large urban school district surveys (median: 8.7%) (Table 64).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of having had sexual intercourse for the first time before age 13 years decreased during 1991–2005 (10.2%–6.2%) and then did not change significantly during 2005–2011 (6.2%–6.2%). The prevalence of having had sexual intercourse for the first time before age 13 years also did not change significantly from 2009 (5.9%) to 2011 (6.2%).

Had Sexual Intercourse with Four or More Persons During Their Life

Nationwide, 15.3% of students had had sexual intercourse with four or more persons during their life (Table 65). Overall, the prevalence of having had sexual intercourse with four or more persons was higher among male (17.8%) than female (12.6%) students; higher among black male (32.6%) and Hispanic male (20.3%) than black female (17.5%) and Hispanic female (9.0%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (12.4%), 10th-grade male (15.1%), and 11th-grade male (19.4%) than 9th-grade female (4.9%), 10th-grade female (9.4%), and 11th-grade female (15.2%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having had sexual intercourse with four or more persons was higher among black (24.8%) and Hispanic (14.8%) than white (13.1%) students; higher among black (24.8%) than Hispanic (14.8%) students; higher among black female (17.5%) than white female (12.8%) students; higher among white female (12.8%) and black female (17.5%) than Hispanic female (9.0%) students; higher among black male (32.6%) and Hispanic male (20.3%) than white male (13.3%) students; and higher among black male (32.6%) than Hispanic male (20.3%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having had sexual intercourse with four or more persons was higher among 10th-grade (12.3%), 11th-grade (17.3%), and 12th-grade (24.1%) than 9th-grade (8.7%) students; higher among 11th-grade (17.3%) and 12th-grade (24.1%) than 10th-grade (12.3%) students; higher among 12th-grade (24.1%) than 11th-grade (17.3%) students; higher among 10th-grade female (9.4%), 11th-grade female (15.2%), and 12th-grade female (22.8%) than 9th-grade female (4.9%) students; higher among 11th-grade female (15.2%) and 12th-grade female (22.8%) than 10th-grade female (9.4%) students; higher among 12th-grade female (22.8%) than 11th-grade female (15.2%) students; higher among 11th-grade male (19.4%) and 12th-grade male (25.5%) than 9th-grade male (12.4%) and 10th-grade male (15.1%) students; and higher among 12th-grade male (25.5%) than 11th-grade male (19.4%) students. The prevalence of having had sexual intercourse with four or more persons ranged from 8.0% to 22.8% across state surveys (median: 13.8%) and from 7.0% to 27.2% across large urban school district surveys (median: 17.0%) (Table 66).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of having had sexual intercourse with four or more persons during their life decreased during 1991–2001 (18.7%–14.2%) and then did not change significantly during 2001–2011 (14.2%–15.3%). The prevalence of having had sexual intercourse with four or more persons during their life also did not change significantly from 2009 (13.8%) to 2011 (15.3%).

Currently Sexually Active

Nationwide, 33.7% of students had had sexual intercourse with at least one person during the 3 months before the survey (i.e., currently sexually active) (Table 65). The prevalence of being currently sexually active was higher among white female (35.0%), black male (46.0%), and Hispanic male (35.3%) than white male (30.0%), black female (36.9%), and Hispanic female (31.6%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (23.6%) and 12th-grade female (50.7%) than 9th-grade female (19.0%) and 12th-grade male (44.4%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of being currently sexually active was higher among black (41.3%) than white (32.4%) and Hispanic (33.5%) students; higher among black female (36.9%) than Hispanic female (31.6%) students; higher among black male (46.0%) and Hispanic male (35.3%) than white male (30.0%) students; and higher among black male (46.0%) than Hispanic male (35.3%) students. Overall, the prevalence of being currently sexually active was higher among 10th-grade (30.3%), 11th-grade (38.7%), and 12th-grade (47.5%) than 9th-grade (21.3%) students; higher among 11th-grade (38.7%) and 12th-grade (47.5%) than 10th-grade (30.3%) students; higher among 12th-grade (47.5%) than 11th-grade (38.7%) students; higher among 10th-grade female (31.4%), 11th-grade female (38.9%), and 12th-grade female (50.7%) than 9th-grade female (19.0%) students; higher among 11th-grade female (38.9%) and 12th-grade female (50.7%) than 10th-grade female (31.4%) students; higher among 12th-grade female (50.7%) than 11th-grade female (38.9%) students; higher among 10th-grade male (29.1%), 11th-grade male (38.5%), and 12th-grade male (44.4%) than 9th-grade male (23.6%) students; higher among 11th-grade male (38.5%) and 12th-grade male (44.4%) than 10th-grade male (29.1%) students; and higher among 12th-grade male (44.4%) than 11th-grade male (38.5%) students. The prevalence of being currently sexually active ranged from 23.9% to 44.1% across state surveys (median: 33.8%) and from 19.5% to 44.9% across large urban school district surveys (median: 34.6%) (Table 66).

During 1991–2011, among students nationwide, a significant linear decrease occurred in the prevalence of being currently sexually active (37.5%–33.7%). The prevalence of being currently sexually active did not change significantly from 2009 (34.2%) to 2011 (33.7%).

Condom Use

Among the 33.7% of currently sexually active students nationwide, 60.2% reported that either they or their partner had used a condom during last sexual intercourse (Table 67). Overall, the prevalence of having used a condom during last sexual intercourse was higher among male (67.0%) than female (53.6%) students; higher among white male (66.3%), black male (75.4%), and Hispanic male (63.4%) than white female (53.4%), black female (53.8%), and Hispanic female (53.0%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (67.0%), 10th-grade male (69.9%), 11th-grade male (67.0%), and 12th-grade male (64.7%) than 9th-grade female (56.3%), 10th-grade female (56.7%), 11th-grade female (55.5%), and 12th-grade female (48.9%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having used a condom during last sexual intercourse was higher among black (65.3%) than Hispanic (58.4%) students and higher among black male (75.4%) than white male (66.3%) and Hispanic male (63.4%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having used a condom during last sexual intercourse was higher among 10th-grade (63.3%) and 11th-grade (61.1%) than 12th-grade (56.3%) students and higher among 10th-grade female (56.7%) and 11th-grade female (55.5%) than 12th-grade female (48.9%) students. The prevalence of having used a condom during last sexual intercourse ranged from 43.9% to 70.8% across state surveys (median: 59.9%) and from 52.9% to 75.1% across large urban school district surveys (median: 63.2%) (Table 68).

Among currently sexually active students nationwide, the prevalence of condom use increased during 1991–2003 (46.2%–63.0%) then did not change significantly during 2003–2011 (63.0%–60.2%). The prevalence of condom use also did not change significantly from 2009 (61.1%) to 2011 (60.2%).

Birth Control Pill Use

Among the 33.7% of currently sexually active students nationwide, 18.0% reported that either they or their partner had used birth control pills to prevent pregnancy before last sexual intercourse (Table 67). Overall, the prevalence of having used birth control pills before last sexual intercourse was higher among female (22.6%) than male (13.4%) students; higher among white female (30.9%) than white male (16.4%) students; and higher among 10th-grade female (20.8%), 11th-grade female (22.7%), and 12th-grade female (30.0%) than 10th-grade male (8.7%), 11th-grade male (12.3%), and 12th-grade male (19.7%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having used birth control pills before last sexual intercourse was higher among white (24.0%) than black (10.1%) and Hispanic (10.6%) students; higher among white female (30.9%) than black female (11.3%) and Hispanic female (10.4%) students; and higher among white male (16.4%) than black male (9.2%) and Hispanic male (10.8%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having used birth control pills before last sexual intercourse was higher among 10th-grade (14.9%), 11th-grade (17.5%), and 12th-grade (25.1%) than 9th-grade (9.4%) students; higher among 12th-grade (25.1%) than 10th-grade (14.9%) and 11th-grade (17.5%) students; higher among 10th-grade female (20.8%), 11th-grade female (22.7%), and 12th-grade female (30.0%) than 9th-grade female (8.3%) students; higher among 12th-grade female (30.0%) than 10th-grade female (20.8%) and 11th-grade female (22.7%) students; and higher among 12th-grade male (19.7%) than 9th-grade male (10.4%), 10th-grade male (8.7%), and 11th-grade male (12.3%) students. The prevalence of having used birth control pills before last sexual intercourse ranged from 11.3% to 35.7% across state surveys (median: 21.4%) and from 5.9% to 27.6% across large urban school district surveys (median: 10.5%) (Table 68).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of having used birth control pills did not change significantly during 1991–2011 (20.8%–18.0%) or from 2009 (19.8%) to 2011 (18.0%).

Depo-Provera, Nuva Ring, Implanon, or Any IUD Use

Among the 33.7% of currently sexually active students nationwide, 5.3% reported that either they or their partner had used Depo-Provera (or any injectable birth control), Nuva Ring (or any birth control ring), Implanon (or any implant), or any IUD to prevent pregnancy before last sexual intercourse (Table 69). Overall, the prevalence of having used Depo-Provera, Nuva Ring, Implanon, or any IUD before last sexual intercourse was higher among female (7.5%) than male (3.2%) students; higher among white female (6.6%), black female (10.5%), and Hispanic female (6.9%) than white male (3.4%), black male (3.0%), and Hispanic male (2.5%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade female (7.7%), 10th-grade female (7.4%), 11th-grade female (7.2%), and 12th-grade female (7.7%) than 9th-grade male (1.1%), 10th-grade male (3.5%), 11th-grade male (3.7%), and 12th-grade male (3.8%) students, respectively. The prevalence of having used Depo-Provera, Nuva Ring, Implanon, or any IUD before last sexual intercourse was higher among 10th-grade male (3.5%), 11th-grade male (3.7%), and 12th-grade male (3.8%) than 9th-grade male (1.1%) students. The prevalence of having used Depo-Provera, Nuva Ring, Implanon, or any IUD before last sexual intercourse ranged from 2.1% to 12.4% across state surveys (median: 5.9%) and from 1.0% to 14.9% across large urban school district surveys (median: 5.1%) (Table 70).

Birth Control Pill, Depo-Provera, Nuva Ring, Implanon, or Any IUD Use

Among the 33.7% of currently sexually active students nationwide, 23.3% reported that either they or their partner had used birth control pills, Depo-Provera, Nuva Ring, Implanon, or any IUD to prevent pregnancy before last sexual intercourse (Table 69). Overall, the prevalence of having used birth control pills, Depo-Provera, Nuva Ring, Implanon, or any IUD before last sexual intercourse was higher among female (30.0%) than male (16.6%) students; higher among white female (37.5%) and black female (21.8%) than white male (19.8%) and black male (12.2%) students, respectively; and higher among 10th-grade female (28.2%), 11th-grade female (29.9%), and 12th-grade female (37.6%) than 10th-grade male (12.2%), 11th-grade male (16.1%), and 12th-grade male (23.5%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having used birth control pills, Depo-Provera, Nuva Ring, Implanon, or any IUD before last sexual intercourse was higher among white (29.1%) than black (16.6%) and Hispanic (15.1%) students; higher among white female (37.5%) than black female (21.8%) and Hispanic female (17.2%) students; and higher among white male (19.8%) than black male (12.2%) and Hispanic male (13.3%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having used birth control pills, Depo-Provera, Nuva Ring, Implanon, or any IUD before last sexual intercourse was higher among 10th-grade (20.3%), 11th-grade (23.0%), and 12th-grade (31.0%) than 9th-grade (13.5%) students; higher among 12th-grade (31.0%) than 10th-grade (20.3%) and 11th-grade (23.0%) students; higher among 10th-grade female (28.2%), 11th-grade female (29.9%), and 12th-grade female (37.6%) than 9th-grade female (16.0%) students; higher among 12th-grade female (37.6%) than 10th-grade female (28.2%) and 11th-grade female (29.9%) students; and higher among 12th-grade male (23.5%) than 9th-grade male (11.6%), 10th-grade male (12.2%), and 11th-grade male (16.1%) students. The prevalence of having used birth control pills, Depo-Provera, Nuva Ring, Implanon, or any IUD before last sexual intercourse ranged from 15.7% to 42.3% across state surveys (median: 27.7%) and from 7.1% to 36.3% across large urban school district surveys (median: 16.5%) (Table 70).

Condom Use and Birth Control Pill, Depo-Provera, Nuva Ring, Implanon, or Any IUD Use

Among the 33.7% of currently sexually active students nationwide, 9.5% reported that either they or their partner had used both a condom during last sexual intercourse and birth control pills, Depo-Provera, Nuva Ring, Implanon, or any IUD to prevent pregnancy before last sexual intercourse (Table 71). Overall, the prevalence of having used both a condom during last sexual intercourse and birth control pills, Depo-Provera, Nuva Ring, Implanon, or any IUD before last sexual intercourse was higher among female (12.4%) than male (6.6%) students; higher among white female (15.9%) than white male (7.8%) students; and higher among 10th-grade female (14.4%), 11th-grade female (12.6%), and 12th-grade female (13.4%) than 10th-grade male (5.6%), 11th-grade male (7.0%), and 12th-grade male (8.3%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having used both a condom during last sexual intercourse and birth control pills, Depo-Provera, Nuva Ring, Implanon, or any IUD before last sexual intercourse was higher among white (12.1%) than black (7.3%) and Hispanic (5.3%) students; higher among white female (15.9%) than black female (9.1%) and Hispanic female (6.1%) students; and higher among white male (7.8%) than Hispanic male (4.5%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having used both a condom during last sexual intercourse and birth control pills, Depo-Provera, Nuva Ring, Implanon, or any IUD before last sexual intercourse was higher among 10th-grade (10.0%), 11th-grade (9.8%), and 12th-grade (11.0%), than 9th-grade (5.6%) students; higher among 10th-grade female (14.4%), 11th-grade female (12.6%), and 12th-grade female (13.4%) than 9th-grade female (6.9%) students; and higher among 12th-grade male (8.3%) than 9th-grade male (4.4%) students. The prevalence of having used both a condom during last sexual intercourse and birth control pills, Depo-Provera, Nuva Ring, Implanon, or any IUD before last sexual intercourse ranged from 5.5% to 17.5% across state surveys (median: 10.5%) and from 2.2% to 12.6% across large urban school district surveys (median: 5.9%) (Table 72).

Did Not Use Any Method to Prevent Pregnancy

Among the 33.7% of currently sexually active students nationwide, 12.9% had not used any method to prevent pregnancy during last sexual intercourse (Table 71). Overall, the prevalence of not having used any method to prevent pregnancy was higher among female (15.1%) than male (10.6%) students; higher among white female (11.7%), black female (17.5%), and Hispanic female (22.6%) than white male (8.3%), black male (9.9%), and Hispanic male (14.7%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade female (22.3%) and 12th-grade female (13.3%) than 9th-grade male (13.1%) and 12th-grade male (8.1%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of not having used any method to prevent pregnancy was higher among black (13.3%) and Hispanic (18.5%) than white (10.0%) students; higher among Hispanic (18.5%) than black (13.3%) students; higher among black female (17.5%) and Hispanic female (22.6%) than white female (11.7%) students; and higher among Hispanic male (14.7%) than white male (8.3%) and black male (9.9%) students. Overall, the prevalence of not having used any method to prevent pregnancy was higher among 9th-grade (17.3%) than 11th-grade (12.0%) and 12th-grade (10.9%) students; higher among 9th-grade female (22.3%) than 11th-grade female (12.7%) and 12th-grade female (13.3%) students; and higher among 11th-grade male (11.4%) than 12th-grade male (8.1%) students. The prevalence of not having used any method to prevent pregnancy ranged from 6.3% to 20.0% across state surveys (median: 12.2%) and from 10.3% to 25.0% across large urban school district surveys (median: 15.2%) (Table 72).

During 1991–2011, among currently sexually active students nationwide, a significant linear decrease occurred in the prevalence of not having used any method to prevent pregnancy (16.5%–12.9%). The prevalence of not having used any method to prevent pregnancy did not change significantly from 2009 (11.9%) to 2011 (12.9%).

Drank Alcohol or Used Drugs Before Last Sexual Intercourse

Among the 33.7% of currently sexually active students nationwide, 22.1% had drunk alcohol or used drugs before last sexual intercourse (Table 73). Overall, the prevalence of having drunk alcohol or used drugs before last sexual intercourse was higher among male (26.0%) than female (18.1%) students; higher among white male (28.4%) and Hispanic male (25.6%) than white female (18.7%) and Hispanic female (17.4%) students, respectively; and higher among 10th-grade male (23.8%) and 12th-grade male (31.2%) than 10th-grade female (16.8%) and 12th-grade female (17.9%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having drunk alcohol or used drugs before last sexual intercourse was higher among white (23.4%) than black (18.1%) students and higher among white male (28.4%) and Hispanic male (25.6%) than black male (19.0%) students. The prevalence of having drunk alcohol or used drugs before last sexual intercourse was higher among 12th-grade male (31.2%) than 10th-grade male (23.8%) and 11th-grade male (23.3%) students. The prevalence of having drunk alcohol or used drugs before last sexual intercourse ranged from 16.0% to 26.7% across state surveys (median: 20.6%) and from 14.6% to 27.0% across large urban school district surveys (median: 21.1%) (Table 74).

Among currently sexually active students nationwide, the prevalence of having drunk alcohol or used drugs before last sexual intercourse increased during 1991–2001 (21.6%–25.6%) and then decreased during 2001–2011 (25.6%–22.1%). The prevalence of having drunk alcohol or used drugs before last sexual intercourse did not change significantly from 2009 (21.6%) to 2011 (22.1%).

Were Taught in School About AIDS or HIV Infection

Nationwide, 84.0% of students had ever been taught in school about AIDS or HIV infection (Table 73). Overall, the prevalence of having been taught in school about AIDS or HIV infection was higher among white (86.0%) and black (87.1%) than Hispanic (77.5%) students; higher among white female (85.3%) and black female (87.9%) than Hispanic female (76.9%) students; and higher among white male (86.6%) and black male (86.2%) than Hispanic male (78.1%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having been taught in school about AIDS or HIV infection was higher among 11th-grade (85.4%) and 12th-grade (86.1%) than 9th-grade (81.1%) students; higher among 10th-grade female (84.8%) and 12th-grade female (85.1%) than 9th-grade female (80.8%) students; and higher among 11th-grade male (86.5%) and 12th-grade male (86.9%) than 9th-grade male (81.5%) students. The prevalence of having been taught in school about AIDS or HIV infection ranged from 74.9% to 91.4% across state surveys (median: 83.7%) and from 72.9% to 87.3% across large urban school district surveys (median: 81.5%) (Table 74).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of having been taught in school about AIDS or HIV increased during 1991–1997 (83.3%–91.5%) and then decreased during 1997–2011 (91.5%–84.0%). The prevalence of having ever been taught in school about AIDS or HIV infection also decreased from 2009 (87.0%) to 2011 (84.0%).

Tested for HIV

Nationwide, 12.9% of students had been tested for HIV, not counting tests done when donating blood (Table 75). Overall, the prevalence of having been tested for HIV was higher among female (14.6%) than male (11.2%) students; higher among white female (12.6%) than white male (8.7%) students; and higher among 10th-grade female (13.1%), 11th-grade female (16.9%), and 12th-grade female (19.1%) than 10th-grade male (9.7%), 11th-grade male (10.3%), and 12th-grade male (14.6%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having been tested for HIV was higher among black (24.0%) and Hispanic (12.5%) than white (10.6%) students; higher among black (24.0%) than Hispanic (12.5%) students; higher among black female (24.2%) than white female (12.6%) and Hispanic female (14.0%) students; and higher among black male (23.7%) than white male (8.7%) and Hispanic male (11.0%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having been tested for HIV was higher among 11th-grade (13.5%) and 12th-grade (16.9%) than 9th-grade (10.3%) students; higher among 12th-grade (16.9%) than 10th-grade (11.3%) and 11th-grade (13.5%) students; higher among 11th-grade female (16.9%) and 12th-grade female (19.1%) than 9th-grade female (10.2%) and 10th-grade female (13.1%) students; and higher among 12th-grade male (14.6%) than 9th-grade male (10.3%), 10th-grade male (9.7%), and 11th-grade male (10.3%) students.

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of having been tested for HIV did not change significantly during 2005–2011 (11.9%–12.9%) or from 2009 (12.7%) to 2011 (12.9%).

Dietary Behaviors

Did Not Eat Fruit or Drink 100% Fruit Juices

Nationwide, 4.8% of students had not eaten fruit or drunk 100% fruit juices during the 7 days before the survey (Table 76). Overall, the prevalence of having not eaten fruit or drunk 100% fruit juices was higher among male (5.3%) than female (4.3%) students and higher among white male (5.2%) than white female (3.8%) students. Overall, the prevalence of not having eaten fruit or drunk 100% fruit juices was higher among black (6.5%) than white (4.5%) and Hispanic (4.5%) students and higher among black female (6.3%) than white female (3.8%) and Hispanic female (4.0%) students. The prevalence of having not eaten fruit or drunk 100% fruit juices ranged from 2.8% to 10.3% across state surveys (median: 6.1%) and from 3.8% to 9.7% across large urban school district surveys (median: 6.7%) (Table 77).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of having not eaten fruit or drunk 100% fruit juices did not change significantly during 1999–2003 (5.4%–6.1%) and then decreased during 2003–2011 (6.1%–4.8%). The prevalence of having not eaten fruit or drunk 100% fruit juices did not change significantly from 2009 (5.1%) to 2011 (4.8%).

Ate Fruit or Drank 100% Fruit Juices One or More Times per Day

Nationwide, 64.0% of students had eaten fruit or drunk 100% fruit juices one or more times per day during the 7 days before the survey (Table 76). Overall, the prevalence of having eaten fruit or drunk 100% fruit juices one or more times per day was higher among male (66.1%) than female (61.6%) students; higher among black male (67.1%) and Hispanic male (68.9%) than black female (60.2%) and Hispanic female (60.3%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (66.2%) and 10th-grade male (68.7%) than 9th-grade female (60.3%) and 10th-grade female (63.1%) students, respectively. The prevalence of having eaten fruit or drunk 100% fruit juices one or more times per day was higher among Hispanic male (68.9%) than white male (64.8%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having eaten fruit or drunk 100% fruit juices one or more times per day was higher among 10th-grade (66.0%) than 12th-grade (62.1%) students and higher among 10th-grade male (68.7%) than 12th-grade male (63.1%) students. The prevalence of having eaten fruit or drunk 100% fruit juices one or more times per day ranged from 49.4% to 69.3% across state surveys (median: 60.5%) and from 47.1% to 68.4% across large urban school district surveys (median: 61.8%) (Table 77).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of having eaten fruit or drunk 100% fruit juices one or more times per day did not change significantly during 1999–2005 (62.6%–59.9%) and then increased during 2005–2011 (59.9%–64.0%). The prevalence of having eaten fruit or drunk 100% fruit juices one or more times per day did not change significantly from 2009 (64.8%) to 2011 (64.0%).

Ate Fruit or Drank 100% Fruit Juices Two or More Times per Day

Nationwide, 34.0% of students had eaten fruit or drunk 100% fruit juices two or more times per day during the 7 days before the survey (Table 78). Overall, the prevalence of having eaten fruit or drunk 100% fruit juices two or more times per day was higher among male (36.5%) than female (31.2%) students; higher among white male (34.8%), black male (40.0%), and Hispanic male (40.0%) than white female (30.6%), black female (34.5%), and Hispanic female (30.9%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (39.3%) and 12th-grade male (34.9%) than 9th-grade female (30.7%) and 12th-grade female (29.3%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having eaten fruit or drunk 100% fruit juices two or more times per day was higher among black (37.2%) than white (32.8%) students and higher among Hispanic male (40.0%) than white male (34.8%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having eaten fruit or drunk 100% fruit juices two or more times per day was higher among 10th-grade (35.4%) than 11th-grade (32.6%) and 12th-grade (32.2%) students; higher among 10th-grade female (33.3%) than 12th-grade female (29.3%) students; and higher among 9th-grade male (39.3%) than 11th-grade male (34.0%) and 12th-grade male (34.9%) students. The prevalence of having eaten fruit or drunk 100% fruit juices two or more times per day ranged from 23.0% to 36.8% across state surveys (median: 30.2%) and from 26.6% to 39.2% across large urban school district surveys (median: 34.3%) (Table 79).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of having eaten fruits or drunk 100% fruit juices two or more times per day decreased during 1999–2005 (34.8%–30.1%) and then increased during 2005–2011 (30.1%–34.0%). The prevalence of having eaten fruits or drunk 100% fruit juices two or more times per day did not change significantly from 2009 (33.9%) to 2011 (34.0%).

Ate Fruit or Drank 100% Fruit Juices Three or More Times per Day

Nationwide, 22.4% of students had eaten fruit or drunk 100% fruit juices three or more times per day during the 7 days before the survey (Table 78). Overall, the prevalence of having eaten fruit or drunk 100% fruit juices three or more times per day was higher among male (24.8%) than female (19.8%) students; higher among white male (22.3%), black male (30.3%), and Hispanic male (27.6%) than white female (17.4%), black female (25.6%), and Hispanic female (21.8%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (27.2%) and 12th-grade male (23.2%) than 9th-grade female (19.4%) and 12th-grade female (18.1%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having eaten fruit or drunk 100% fruit juices three or more times per day was higher among black (27.9%) and Hispanic (24.8%) than white (20.0%) students; higher among black (27.9%) than Hispanic (24.8%) students; higher among black female (25.6%) and Hispanic female (21.8%) than white female (17.4%) students; higher among black female (25.6%) than Hispanic female (21.8%) students; and higher among black male (30.3%) and Hispanic male (27.6%) than white male (22.3%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having eaten fruit or drunk 100% fruit juices three or more times per day was higher among 10th-grade (24.2%) than 11th-grade (20.7%) and 12th-grade (20.7%) students; higher among 10th-grade female (22.0%) than 12th-grade female (18.1%) students; higher among 9th-grade male (27.2%) than 11th-grade male (21.7%) and 12th-grade male (23.2%) students; and higher among 10th-grade male (26.3%) than 11th-grade male (21.7%) students. The prevalence of having eaten fruit or drunk 100% fruit juices three or more times per day ranged from 13.7% to 25.6% across state surveys (median: 19.3%) and from 19.6% to 29.6% across large urban school district surveys (median: 24.4%) (Table 79).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of having eaten fruit or drunk 100% fruit juices three or more times per day decreased during 1999–2005 (24.9%–19.8%) and then increased during 2005–2011 (19.8%–22.4%). The prevalence of having eaten fruit or drunk 100% fruit juices three or more times per day did not change significantly from 2009 (22.9%) to 2011 (22.4%).

Did Not Eat Vegetables

Nationwide, 5.7% of students had not eaten vegetables** during the 7 days before the survey (Table 80). Overall, the prevalence of not having eaten vegetables was higher among male (6.9%) than female (4.5%) students; higher among white male (5.5%) than white female (2.4%) students; and higher among 9th-grade male (8.1%), 10th-grade male (5.9%), and 11th-grade male (8.2%) than 9th-grade female (5.0%), 10th-grade female (3.7%), and 11th-grade female (4.6%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of not having eaten vegetables was higher among black (9.9%) and Hispanic (8.2%) than white (4.0%) students; higher among black female (8.6%) and Hispanic female (8.1%) than white female (2.4%) students; and higher among black male (11.1%) and Hispanic male (8.2%) than white male (5.5%) students. Overall, the prevalence of not having eaten vegetables was higher among 9th-grade (6.6%) and 11th-grade (6.4%) than 10th-grade (4.9%) and 12th-grade (4.8%) students; higher among 9th-grade male (8.1%) than 10th-grade male (5.9%) and 12th-grade male (5.2%) students; and higher among 11th-grade male (8.2%) than 12th-grade male (5.2%) students. The prevalence of not having eaten vegetables ranged from 3.0% to 12.2% across state surveys (median: 5.8%) and from 4.9% to 12.5% across large urban school district surveys (median: 8.8%) (Table 81).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of not having eaten vegetables increased during 1999–2005 (4.2%–6.0%) and then did not change significantly during 2005–2011 (6.0%–5.7%). The prevalence of not having eaten vegetables also did not change significantly from 2009 (6.0%) to 2011 (5.7%).

Ate Vegetables One or More Times per Day

Nationwide, 62.3% of students had eaten vegetables one or more times per day during the 7 days before the survey (Table 80). The prevalence of having eaten vegetables one or more times per day was higher among Hispanic male (58.9%) than Hispanic female (53.8%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having eaten vegetables one or more times per day was higher among white (65.7%) than black (54.3%) and Hispanic (56.4%) students; higher among white female (66.1%) than black female (52.7%) and Hispanic female (53.8%) students; and higher among white male (65.3%) than black male (55.9%) and Hispanic male (58.9%) students. The prevalence of having eaten vegetables one or more times per day ranged from 49.9% to 73.6% across state surveys (median: 61.1%) and from 45.9% to 69.1% across large urban school district surveys (median: 55.1%) (Table 81).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of having eaten vegetables one or more times per day did not change significantly during 1999–2011 (64.5%–62.3%) or from 2009 (62.7%) to 2011 (62.3%).

Ate Vegetables Two or More Times per Day

Nationwide, 28.3% of students had eaten vegetables two or more times per day during the 7 days before the survey (Table 82). Overall, the prevalence of having eaten vegetables two or more times per day was higher among male (30.2%) than female (26.1%) students; higher among white male (30.9%) and Hispanic male (29.7%) than white female (27.2%) and Hispanic female (23.8%) students, respectively; higher among 9th-grade male (30.6%), 10th-grade male (30.0%), and 12th-grade male (31.4%) than 9th-grade female (26.5%), 10th-grade female (25.3%), and 12th-grade female (24.3%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having eaten vegetables two or more times per day was higher among white (29.1%) than black (24.9%) students and higher among white female (27.2%) than black female (23.2%) and Hispanic female (23.8%) students. The prevalence of having eaten vegetables two or more times per day was higher among 11th-grade female (28.4%) than 10th-grade female (25.3%) students. The prevalence of having eaten vegetables two or more times per day ranged from 19.0% to 36.8% across state surveys (median: 26.6%) and from 19.3% to 34.9% across large urban school district surveys (median: 25.6%) (Table 83).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of having eaten vegetables two or more times per day did not change significantly during 1999–2011 (28.5%–28.3%) or from 2009 (27.6%) to 2011 (28.3%).

Ate Vegetables Three or More Times per Day

Nationwide, 15.3% of students had eaten vegetables three or more times per day during the 7 days before the survey (Table 82). Overall, the prevalence of having eaten vegetables three or more times per day was higher among male (16.6%) than female (13.9%) students; higher among white male (15.5%) and Hispanic male (18.1%) than white female (13.3%) and Hispanic female (13.7%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (18.3%) and 12th-grade male (16.7%) than 9th-grade female (14.1%) and 12th-grade female (13.3%) students, respectively. The prevalence of having eaten vegetables three or more times per day ranged from 9.0% to 18.7% across state surveys (median: 13.2%) and from 9.1% to 18.5% across large urban school district surveys (median: 14.1%) (Table 83).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of having eaten vegetables three or more times per day did not change significantly during 1999–2011 (14.0%–15.3%). The prevalence of having eaten vegetables three or more times per day increased from 2009 (13.8%) to 2011 (15.3%).

Did Not Drink Milk

Nationwide, 17.3% of students had not drunk milk during the 7 days before the survey (Table 84). Overall, the prevalence of not having drunk milk was higher among female (23.0%) than male (11.8%) students; higher among white female (19.6%), black female (38.6%), and Hispanic female (21.9%) than white male (9.7%), black male (21.8%), and Hispanic male (12.3%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade female (20.3%), 10th-grade female (21.2%), 11th-grade female (24.4%), and 12th-grade female (26.9%) than 9th-grade male (10.6%), 10th-grade male (11.3%), 11th-grade male (13.4%), and 12th-grade male (12.0%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of not having drunk milk was higher among black (30.4%) than white (14.5%) and Hispanic (16.9%) students; higher among black female (38.6%) than white female (19.6%) and Hispanic female (21.9%) students; higher among black male (21.8%) and Hispanic male (12.3%) than white male (9.7%) students; and higher among black male (21.8%) than Hispanic male (12.3%) students. Overall, the prevalence of not having drunk milk was higher among 11th-grade (18.8%) and 12th-grade (19.3%) than 9th-grade (15.4%) students; higher among 11th-grade (18.8%) than 10th-grade (16.1%) students; higher among 11th-grade female (24.4%) and 12th-grade female (26.9%) than 9th-grade female (20.3%) students; higher among 12th-grade female (26.9%) than 10th-grade female (21.2%) students; and higher among 11th-grade male (13.4%) than 9th-grade male (10.6%) students.

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of not having drunk milk did not change significantly during 1999–2011 (17.0%–17.3%) or from 2009 (17.3%) to 2011 (17.3%).

Drank One or More Glasses per Day of Milk

Nationwide, 44.4% of students had drunk one or more glasses per day of milk during the 7 days before the survey (Table 84). Overall, the prevalence of having drunk one or more glasses per day of milk was higher among male (53.4%) than female (34.8%) students; higher among white male (58.1%), black male (38.5%), and Hispanic male (47.3%) than white female (39.0%), black female (20.0%), and Hispanic female (33.6%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (56.9%), 10th-grade male (54.5%), 11th-grade male (52.4%), and 12th-grade male (49.0%) than 9th-grade female (36.5%), 10th-grade female (39.0%), 11th-grade female (32.3%), and 12th-grade female (30.8%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having drunk one or more glasses per day of milk was higher among white (48.8%) than black (29.0%) and Hispanic (40.7%) students; higher among Hispanic (40.7%) than black (29.0%) students; higher among white female (39.0%) than black female (20.0%) and Hispanic female (33.6%) students; higher among Hispanic female (33.6%) than black female (20.0%) students; higher among white male (58.1%) than black male (38.5%) and Hispanic male (47.3%) students; and higher among Hispanic male (47.3%) than black male (38.5%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having drunk one or more glasses per day of milk was higher among 9th-grade (46.8%) and 10th-grade (47.1%) than 11th-grade (42.5%) and 12th-grade (40.2%) students; higher among 9th-grade female (36.5%) and 10th-grade female (39.0%) than 11th-grade female (32.3%) and 12th-grade female (30.8%) students; higher among 9th-grade male (56.9%) than 11th-grade male (52.4%) and 12th-grade male (49.0%) students; and higher among 10th-grade male (54.5%) than 12th-grade male (49.0%) students.

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of having drunk one or more glasses per day of milk did not change significantly during 1999–2011 (47.1%–44.4%) or from 2009 (43.9%) to 2011 (44.4%).

Drank Two or More Glasses per Day of Milk

Nationwide, 29.9% of students had drunk two or more glasses per day of milk during the 7 days before the survey (Table 85). Overall, the prevalence of having drunk two or more glasses per day of milk was higher among male (37.6%) than female (21.6%) students; higher among white male (42.2%), black male (25.5%), and Hispanic male (32.6%) than white female (24.5%), black female (10.4%), and Hispanic female (20.9%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (41.1%), 10th-grade male (39.5%), 11th-grade male (35.7%), and 12th-grade male (33.4%) than 9th-grade female (24.6%), 10th-grade female (24.5%), 11th-grade female (18.8%), and 12th-grade female (17.8%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having drunk two or more glasses per day of milk was higher among white (33.6%) than black (17.7%) and Hispanic (27.0%) students; higher among Hispanic (27.0%) than black (17.7%) students; higher among white female (24.5%) and Hispanic female (20.9%) than black female (10.4%) students; higher among white male (42.2%) than black male (25.5%) and Hispanic male (32.6%) students; and higher among Hispanic male (32.6%) than black male (25.5%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having drunk two or more glasses per day of milk was higher among 9th-grade (32.9%) and 10th-grade (32.3%) than 11th-grade (27.4%) and 12th-grade (25.8%) students; higher among 9th-grade female (24.6%) and 10th-grade female (24.5%) than 11th-grade female (18.8%) and 12th-grade female (17.8%) students; higher among 9th-grade male (41.1%) than 11th-grade male (35.7%) and 12th-grade male (33.4%) students; and higher among 10th-grade male (39.5%) than 12th-grade male (33.4%) students.

During 1999–2011, among students nationwide, a significant linear decrease occurred in the prevalence of having drunk two or more glasses per day of milk (33.6%–29.9%). The prevalence of having drunk two or more glasses per day of milk did not change significantly from 2009 (28.8%) to 2011 (29.9%).

Drank Three or More Glasses per Day of Milk

Nationwide, 14.9% of students had drunk three or more glasses per day of milk during the 7 days before the survey (Table 85). Overall, the prevalence of having drunk three or more glasses per day of milk was higher among male (20.0%) than female (9.3%) students; higher among white male (22.9%), black male (13.0%), and Hispanic male (16.6%) than white female (9.9%), black female (6.3%), and Hispanic female (9.9%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (22.5%), 10th-grade male (21.0%), 11th-grade male (17.2%), and 12th-grade male (18.4%) than 9th-grade female (11.8%), 10th-grade female (11.0%), 11th-grade female (7.4%), and 12th-grade female (6.5%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having drunk three or more glasses per day of milk was higher among white (16.6%) than black (9.5%) and Hispanic (13.4%) students; higher among Hispanic (13.4%) than black (9.5%) students; higher among white female (9.9%) and Hispanic female (9.9%) than black female (6.3%) students; higher among white male (22.9%) than black male (13.0%) and Hispanic male (16.6%) students; and higher among Hispanic male (16.6%) than black male (13.0%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having drunk three or more glasses per day of milk was higher among 9th-grade (17.2%) and 10th-grade (16.2%) than 11th-grade (12.4%) and 12th-grade (12.6%) students; higher among 9th-grade female (11.8%) and 10th-grade female (11.0%) than 11th-grade female (7.4%) and 12th-grade female (6.5%) students; higher among 9th-grade male (22.5%) than 11th-grade male (17.2%) and 12th-grade male (18.4%) students; and higher among 10th-grade male (21.0%) than 11th-grade male (17.2%) students.

During 1999–2011, among students nationwide, a significant linear decrease occurred in the prevalence of having drunk three or more glasses per day of milk (18.0%–14.9%). The prevalence of having drunk three or more glasses per day of milk did not change significantly from 2009 (14.5%) to 2011 (14.9%).

Did Not Drink Soda or Pop

Nationwide, 20.9% of students had not drunk soda or pop (not counting diet soda or diet pop) during the 7 days before the survey (Table 86). Overall, the prevalence of not having drunk soda or pop was higher among female (23.6%) than male (18.4%) students; higher among white female (25.9%) than white male (17.6%) students; and higher among 9th-grade female (19.3%), 10th-grade female (22.9%), 11th-grade female (26.9%), and 12th-grade female (26.2%) than 9th-grade male (16.0%), 10th-grade male (17.9%), 11th-grade male (20.0%), and 12th-grade male (20.5%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of not having drunk soda or pop was higher among white (21.6%) than black (18.8%) students and higher among white female (25.9%) than black female (18.5%) and Hispanic female (20.8%) students. Overall, the prevalence of not having drunk soda or pop was higher among 10th-grade (20.3%), 11th-grade (23.4%), and 12th-grade (23.3%) than 9th-grade (17.6%) students; higher among 11th-grade (23.4%) and 12th-grade (23.3%) than 10th-grade (20.3%) students; higher among 11th-grade female (26.9%) and 12th-grade female (26.2%) than 9th-grade female (19.3%) students; and higher among 11th-grade male (20.0%) and 12th-grade male (20.5%) than 9th-grade male (16.0%) students. The prevalence of not having drunk soda or pop ranged from 14.3% to 32.9% across state surveys (median: 21.6%) and from 13.4% to 32.2% across large urban school district surveys (median: 20.9%) (Table 87).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of not having drunk soda or pop did not change significantly during 2007–2011 (18.6%–20.9%) or from 2009 (19.4%) to 2011 (20.9%).

Drank Soda or Pop One or More Times per Day

Nationwide, 27.8% of students had drunk a can, bottle, or glass of soda or pop (not counting diet soda or diet pop) one or more times per day during the 7 days before the survey (Table 86). Overall, the prevalence of having drunk soda or pop one or more times per day was higher among male (31.4%) than female (24.0%) students; higher among white male (34.0%) than white female (23.2%) students; and higher among 9th-grade male (32.8%), 10th-grade male (29.6%), 11th-grade male (31.7%), and 12th-grade male (31.2%) than 9th-grade female (26.4%), 10th-grade female (24.7%), 11th-grade female (21.2%), and 12th-grade female (22.7%) students, respectively. The prevalence of having drunk soda or pop at least one or more times per day was higher among white male (34.0%) than Hispanic male (28.0%) students. The prevalence of having drunk soda or pop at least one time per day was higher among 9th-grade female (26.4%) than 11th-grade female (21.2%) students. The prevalence of having drunk soda or pop one or more times per day ranged from 14.3% to 40.9% across state surveys (median: 26.0%) and from 12.7% to 38.9% across large urban school district surveys (median: 24.6%) (Table 87).

During 2007–2011, among students nationwide, a significant linear decrease occurred in the prevalence of having drunk soda or pop one or more times per day (33.8%–27.8%). The prevalence of having drunk soda or pop one or more times per day did not change significantly from 2009 (29.2%) to 2011 (27.8%).

Drank Soda or Pop Two or More Times per Day

Nationwide, 19.0% of students had drunk a can, bottle, or glass of soda or pop (not counting diet soda or diet pop) two or more times per day during the 7 days before the survey (Table 88). Overall, the prevalence of having drunk soda or pop two or more times per day was higher among male (21.8%) than female (16.1%) students; higher among white male (22.9%) than white female (14.8%) students; and higher among 9th-grade male (22.6%), 11th-grade male (22.1%), and 12th-grade male (22.5%) than 9th-grade female (17.8%), 11th-grade female (13.4%), and 12th-grade female (14.9%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having drunk soda or pop two or more times per day was higher among black (22.2%) than Hispanic (18.0%) students; higher among black female (21.1%) than white female (14.8%) and Hispanic female (16.8%) students; and higher among white male (22.9%) and black male (19.0%) than Hispanic male (19.0%) students. The prevalence of having drunk soda or pop two or more times per day was higher among 9th-grade female (17.8%) and 10th-grade female (17.6%) than 11th-grade female (13.4%) students. The prevalence of having drunk soda or pop two or more times per day ranged from 8.4% to 31.7% across state surveys (median: 17.5%) and from 8.1% to 31.5% across large urban school district surveys (median: 17.9%) (Table 89).

During 2007–2011, among students nationwide, a significant linear decrease occurred in the prevalence of having drunk soda or pop two or more times per day (24.4%–19.0%). The prevalence of having drunk soda or pop two or more times per day did not change significantly from 2009 (19.7%) to 2011 (19.0%).

Drank Soda or Pop Three or More Times per Day

Nationwide, 11.3% of students had drunk a can, bottle, or glass of soda or pop (not counting diet soda or diet pop) three or more times per day during the 7 days before the survey (Table 88). Overall, the prevalence of having drunk soda or pop three or more times per day was higher among male (13.2%) than female (9.3%) students; higher among white male (13.2%) and Hispanic male (11.8%) than white female (8.1%) and Hispanic female (9.3%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (14.2%), 11th-grade male (13.1%), and 12th-grade male (12.9%) than 9th-grade female (10.7%), 11th-grade female (7.5%), and 12th-grade female (8.1%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having drunk soda or pop three or more times per day was higher among black (14.6%) than white (10.7%) and Hispanic (10.6%) students; higher among black female (13.0%) than white female (8.1%) and Hispanic female (9.3%) students; and higher among black male (16.2%) than Hispanic male (11.8%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having drunk soda or pop three or more times per day was higher among 9th-grade (12.5%) than 11th-grade (10.3%) students and higher among 9th-grade female (10.7%) and 10th-grade female (10.3%) than 11th-grade female (7.5%) students. The prevalence of having drunk soda or pop three or more times per day ranged from 4.5% to 19.5% across state surveys (median: 9.1%) and from 4.7% to 20.4% across large urban school district surveys (median: 11.0%) (Table 89).

During 2007–2011, among students nationwide, a significant linear decrease occurred in the prevalence of having drunk soda or pop three or more times per day (14.4%–11.3%). The prevalence of having drunk soda or pop three or more times per day did not change significantly from 2009 (11.2%) to 2011 (11.3%).

Ate Breakfast on 0 Days

Nationwide, 13.1% of students had eaten breakfast on 0 days during the 7 days before the survey (Table 90). Overall, the prevalence of having eaten breakfast on 0 days was higher among female (13.9%) than male (12.3%) students; higher among white female (12.8%) and black female (19.0%) than white male (11.2%) and black male (12.9%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade female (14.7%) and 10th-grade female (14.5%) than 9th-grade male (11.3%) and 10th-grade male (11.4%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having eaten breakfast on 0 days was higher among black (16.1%) and Hispanic (14.4%) than white (12.0%) students; higher among black female (19.0%) than white female (12.8%) and Hispanic female (14.6%) students; and higher among Hispanic male (14.1%) than white male (11.2%) students. The prevalence of having eaten breakfast on 0 days was higher among 11th-grade male (14.3%) than 9th-grade male (11.3%) students.

Ate Breakfast on All 7 Days

Nationwide, 37.7% of students had eaten breakfast on all 7 days before the survey (Table 90). Overall, the prevalence of having eaten breakfast on all 7 days was higher among male (41.0%) than female (34.3%) students; higher among white male (42.1%), black male (35.7%), and Hispanic male (42.5%) than white female (37.1%), black female (26.9%), and Hispanic female (31.4%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (47.1%) and 10th-grade male (43.2%) than 9th-grade female (32.6%) and 10th-grade female (33.3%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having eaten breakfast on all 7 days was higher among white (39.7%) and Hispanic (37.1%) than black (31.2%) students; higher among white female (37.1%) than black female (26.9%) and Hispanic female (31.4%) students; and higher among white male (42.1%) and Hispanic male (42.5%) than black male (35.7%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having eaten breakfast on all 7 days was higher among 9th-grade (39.9%), 10th-grade (38.4%), and 11th-grade (37.9%) than 12th-grade (34.2%) students; higher among 11th-grade female (37.9%) than 9th-grade female (32.6%), 10th-grade female (33.3%), and 12th-grade female (33.4%) students; and higher among 9th-grade male (47.1%) and 10th-grade male (43.2%) than 11th-grade male (37.9%) and 12th-grade male (35.0%) students.

Physical Activity

Did Not Participate in at Least 60 Minutes of Physical Activity on Any Day††

Nationwide, 13.8% of students had not participated in at least 60 minutes of any kind of physical activity that increased their heart rate and made them breathe hard some of the time on at least 1 day during the 7 days before the survey (i.e., did not participate in at least 60 minutes of physical activity on any day) (Table 91). Overall, the prevalence of not having participated in at least 60 minutes of physical activity on any day was higher among female (17.7%) than male (10.0%) students; higher among white female (13.7%), black female (26.7%), and Hispanic female (21.3%) than white male (8.5%), black male (12.3%), and Hispanic male (10.7%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade female (13.9%), 10th-grade female (17.9%), 11th-grade female (19.0%), and 12th-grade female (20.6%) than 9th-grade male (8.7%), 10th-grade male (10.0%), 11th-grade male (10.5%), and 12th-grade male (10.8%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of not having participated in at least 60 minutes of physical activity on any day was higher among black (19.6%) and Hispanic (15.9%) than white (11.0%) students; higher among black (19.6%) than Hispanic (15.9%) students; higher among black female (26.7%) and Hispanic female (21.3%) than white female (13.7%) students; higher among black female (26.7%) than Hispanic female (21.3%) students; and higher among black male (12.3%) and Hispanic male (10.7%) than white male (8.5%) students. Overall, the prevalence of not having participated in at least 60 minutes of physical activity on any day was higher among 11th-grade (14.7%) and 12th-grade (15.6%) than 9th-grade (11.2%) students and higher among 10th-grade female (17.9%), 11th-grade female (19.0%), and 12th-grade female (20.6%) than 9th-grade female (13.9%) students. The prevalence of not having participated in at least 60 minutes of physical activity on any day ranged from 9.0% to 20.6% across state surveys (median: 13.8%) and from 15.5% to 27.1% across large urban school district surveys (median: 20.0%) (Table 92).

Physically Active at Least 60 Minutes per Day on 5 or More Days

Nationwide, 49.5% of students had been physically active doing any kind of physical activity that increased their heart rate and made them breathe hard some of the time for a total of at least 60 minutes per day on 5 or more days during the 7 days before the survey (i.e., physically active at least 60 minutes per day on 5 or more days) (Table 91). Overall, the prevalence of having been physically active at least 60 minutes per day on 5 or more days was higher among male (59.9%) than female (38.5%) students; higher among white male (62.1%), black male (57.1%), and Hispanic male (57.1%) than white female (42.6%), black female (31.9%), and Hispanic female (33.0%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (61.0%), 10th-grade male (62.3%), 11th-grade male (58.5%), and 12th-grade male (57.3%) than 9th-grade female (44.5%), 10th-grade female (40.3%), 11th-grade female (35.7%), and 12th-grade female (32.0%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having been physically active at least 60 minutes per day on 5 or more days was higher among white (52.7%) than black (44.4%) and Hispanic (45.4%) students; higher among white female (42.6%) than black female (31.9%) and Hispanic female (33.0%) students; and higher among white male (62.1%) than Hispanic male (57.1%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having been physically active at least 60 minutes per day on 5 or more days was higher among 9th-grade (52.9%) and 10th-grade (51.8%) than 11th-grade (47.3%) and 12th-grade (44.8%) students and higher among 9th-grade female (44.5%) and 10th-grade female (40.3%) than 11th-grade female (35.7%) and 12th-grade female (32.0%) students. The prevalence of having been physically active at least 60 minutes per day on 5 or more days ranged from 37.9% to 54.7% across state surveys (median: 46.9%) and from 26.7% to 45.7% across large urban school district surveys (median: 37.1%) (Table 92).

Physically Active at Least 60 Minutes per Day on All 7 Days

Nationwide, 28.7% of students had been physically active doing any kind of physical activity that increased their heart rate and made them breathe hard some of the time for a total of least 60 minutes per day on each of the 7 days before the survey (i.e., physically active at least 60 minutes on all 7 days) (Table 93). Overall, the prevalence of having been physically active at least 60 minutes on all 7 days was higher among male (38.3%) than female (18.5%) students; higher among white male (40.4%), black male (35.2%), and Hispanic male (35.6%) than white female (19.7%), black female (16.9%), and Hispanic female (16.9%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (38.8%), 10th-grade male (42.6%), 11th-grade male (36.2%), and 12th-grade male (34.9%) than 9th-grade female (22.2%), 10th-grade female (18.1%), 11th-grade female (18.0%), and 12th-grade female (14.9%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having been physically active at least 60 minutes on all 7 days was higher among white (30.4%) than black (26.0%) and Hispanic (26.5%) students and higher among white male (40.4%) than black male (35.2%) and Hispanic male (35.6%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having been physically active at least 60 minutes on all 7 days was higher among 9th-grade (30.7%) and 10th-grade (30.8%) than 11th-grade (27.3%) and 12th-grade (25.1%) students; higher among 9th-grade female (22.2%) than 10th-grade female (18.1%), 11th-grade female (18.0%), and 12th-grade female (14.9%) students; higher among 10th-grade female (18.1%) and 11th-grade female (18.0%) than 12th-grade female (14.9%) students; higher among 9th-grade male (38.8%) than 12th-grade male (34.9%) students; and higher among 10th-grade male (42.6%) than 11th-grade male (36.2%) and 12th-grade male (34.9%) students. The prevalence of having been physically active at least 60 minutes on all 7 days ranged from 20.8% to 33.1% across state surveys (median: 25.8%) and from 13.4% to 25.9% across large urban school district surveys (median: 19.9%) (Table 94).

Participated in Muscle Strengthening Activities on 3 or More Days

Nationwide, 55.6% of students had participated in muscle strengthening activities (e.g., push-ups, sit-ups, or weightlifting) on 3 or more days during the 7 days before the survey (Table 93). Overall, the prevalence of having participated in muscle strengthening activities on 3 or more days was higher among male (66.7%) than female (43.8%) students; higher among white male (65.5%), black male (71.5%), and Hispanic male (67.6%) than white female (45.3%), black female (37.3%), and Hispanic female (44.7%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (68.6%), 10th-grade male (68.8%), 11th-grade male (64.9%), and 12th-grade male (63.8%) than 9th-grade female (49.8%), 10th-grade female (43.3%), 11th-grade female (41.3%), and 12th-grade female (39.8%) students, respectively. The prevalence of having participated in muscle strengthening activities on 3 or more days was higher among white female (45.3%) than black female (37.3%) students and higher among black male (71.5%) than white male (65.5%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having participated in muscle strengthening activities on 3 or more days was higher among 9th-grade (59.3%) than 11th-grade (53.4%) and 12th-grade (52.2%) students; higher among 9th-grade female (49.8%) than 10th-grade female (43.3%), 11th-grade female (41.3%), and 12th-grade female (39.8%) students; and higher among 9th-grade male (68.6%) and 10th-grade male (68.8%) than 12th-grade male (63.8%) students.

During 1991–2011, among students nationwide, a significant linear increase occurred in the prevalence of having participated in muscle strengthening activities on 3 or more days (47.8%–55.6%).

Used Computers 3 or More Hours per Day

Nationwide, 31.1% of students played video or computer games or used a computer for something that was not school work for 3 or more hours per day on an average school day (i.e., used computers 3 or more hours per day) (Table 95). Overall, the prevalence of using computers 3 or more hours per day was higher among male (35.3%) than female (26.6%) students; higher among white male (33.3%), black male (41.1%), and Hispanic male (36.3%) than white female (22.6%), black female (35.2%), and Hispanic female (28.3%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (35.5%), 10th-grade male (36.1%), 11th-grade male (36.7%), and 12th-grade male (32.4%) than 9th-grade female (29.5%), 10th-grade female (26.7%), 11th-grade female (24.6%), and 12th-grade female (25.0%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of using computers 3 or more hours per day was higher among black (38.1%) and Hispanic (32.4%) than white (28.1%) students; higher among black (38.1%) than Hispanic (32.4%) students; higher among black female (35.2%) and Hispanic female (28.3%) than white female (22.6%) students; higher among black female (35.2%) than Hispanic female (28.3%) students; and higher among black male (41.1%) than white male (33.3%) and Hispanic male (36.3%) students. Overall, the prevalence of using computers 3 or more hours per day was higher among 9th-grade (32.5%) and 10th-grade (31.6%) than 12th-grade (28.8%) students; higher among 9th-grade female (29.5%) than 11th-grade female (24.6%) and 12th-grade female (25.0%) students; and higher among 11th-grade male (36.7%) than 12th-grade male (32.4%) students. The prevalence of using computers 3 or more hours per day ranged from 18.7% to 37.3% across state surveys (median: 28.8%) and from 28.2% to 43.9% across large urban school district surveys (median: 34.6%) (Table 96).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of using computers 3 or more hours per day did not change significantly during 2003–2005 (22.1–21.1%) and then increased during 2005–2011 (21.1%–31.1%). The prevalence of having used computers 3 or more hours per day also increased from 2009 (24.9%) to 2011 (31.1%).

Watched Television 3 or More Hours per Day

Nationwide, 32.4% of students watched television 3 or more hours per day on an average school day (Table 95). The prevalence of watching television 3 or more hours per day was higher among white male (27.3%) than white female (23.9%) students. Overall, the prevalence of watching television 3 or more hours per day was higher among black (54.6%) and Hispanic (37.8%) than white (25.6%) students; higher among black (54.6%) than Hispanic (37.8%) students; higher among black female (54.9%) and Hispanic female (37.2%) than white female (23.9%) students; higher among black female (54.9%) than Hispanic female (37.2%) students; higher among black male (54.4%) and Hispanic male (38.4%) than white male (27.3%) students; and higher among black male (54.4%) than Hispanic male (38.4%) students. Overall, the prevalence of watching television 3 or more hours per day was higher among 9th-grade (33.9%) than 12th-grade (30.4%) students and higher among 10th-grade male (35.3%) than 12th-grade male (30.9%) students. The prevalence of watching television 3 or more hours per day ranged from 19.3% to 42.9% across state surveys (median: 29.5%) and from 22.7% to 56.4% across large urban school district surveys (median: 40.6%) (Table 96).

During 1999–2011, a significant linear decrease occurred in the prevalence of watching television 3 or more hours per day (42.8%–32.4%). The prevalence of watching television 3 or more hours per day did not change significantly from 2009 (32.8%) to 2011 (32.4%).

Attended Physical Education Classes

Nationwide, 51.8% of students went to physical education (PE) classes on 1 or more days in an average week when they were in school (i.e., attended PE classes) (Table 97). Overall, the prevalence of attending PE classes was higher among male (56.7%) than female (46.7%) students; higher among white male (56.3%), black male (58.0%), and Hispanic male (58.1%) than white female (47.4%), black female (40.7%), and Hispanic female (48.6%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (70.8%), 10th-grade male (59.2%), 11th-grade male (49.2%), and 12th-grade male (44.7%) than 9th-grade female (65.3%), 10th-grade female (49.8%), 11th-grade female (36.3%), and 12th-grade female (32.1%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of attending PE classes was higher among 9th-grade (68.1%) than 10th-grade (54.6%), 11th-grade (42.9%), and 12th-grade (38.5%) students; higher among 10th-grade (54.6%) than 11th-grade (42.9%) and 12th-grade (38.5%) students; higher among 11th-grade (42.9%) than 12th-grade (38.5%) students; higher among 9th-grade female (65.3%) than 10th-grade female (49.8%), 11th-grade female (36.3%), and 12th-grade female (32.1%) students; higher among 10th-grade female (49.8%) than 11th-grade female (36.3%) and 12th-grade female (32.1%) students; higher among 11th-grade female (36.3%) than 12th-grade female (32.1%) students; higher among 9th-grade male (70.8%) than 10th-grade male (59.2%), 11th-grade male (49.2%), and 12th-grade male (44.7%) students; higher among 10th-grade male (59.2%) than 11th-grade male (49.2%) and 12th-grade male (44.7%) students; and higher among 11th-grade male (49.2%) than 12th-grade male (44.7%) students. The prevalence of attending PE classes ranged from 32.8% to 91.3% across state surveys (median: 46.2%) and from 31.7% to 79.5% across large urban school district surveys (median: 47.0%) (Table 98).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of attending PE classes did not change significantly during 1991–2011 (48.9%–51.8%) or from 2009 (56.4%) to 2011 (51.8%).

Attended Physical Education Classes Daily

Nationwide, 31.5% of students went to physical education (PE) classes 5 days in an average week when they were in school (i.e., attended PE classes daily) (Table 97). Overall, the prevalence of attending PE classes daily was higher among male (35.5%) than female (27.2%) students; higher among white male (37.0%), black male (33.2%), and Hispanic male (34.1%) than white female (28.8%), black female (22.1%), and Hispanic female (25.7%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (44.0%), 10th-grade male (36.7%), 11th-grade male (31.6%), and 12th-grade male (27.9%) than 9th-grade female (38.6%), 10th-grade female (29.3%), 11th-grade female (18.4%), and 12th-grade female (20.4%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of attending PE classes daily was higher among 9th-grade (41.3%) than 10th-grade (33.1%), 11th-grade (25.1%), and 12th-grade (24.2%) students; higher among 10th-grade (33.1%) than 11th-grade (25.1%) and 12th-grade (24.2%) students; higher among 9th-grade female (38.6%) than 10th-grade female (29.3%), 11th-grade female (18.4%), and 12th-grade female (20.4%) students; higher among 10th-grade female (29.3%) than 11th-grade female (18.4%) and 12th-grade female (20.4%) students; higher among 9th-grade male (44.0%) than 10th-grade male (36.7%), 11th-grade male (31.6%), and 12th-grade male (27.9%) students; and higher among 10th-grade male (36.7%) than 12th-grade male (27.9%) students. The prevalence of attending PE classes daily ranged from 6.3% to 71.2% across state surveys (median: 24.2%) and from 9.0% to 50.5% across large urban school district surveys (median: 23.0%) (Table 98).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of attending PE classes daily decreased during 1991–1995 (41.6%–25.4%) and then did not change significantly during 1995–2011 (25.4%–31.5%). The prevalence of attending PE classes daily also did not change significantly from 2009 (33.3%) to 2011 (31.5%).

Played on at Least One Sports Team

Nationwide, 58.4% of students had played on at least one sports team (run by their school or community groups) during the 12 months before the survey (Table 99). Overall, the prevalence of having played on at least one sports team was higher among male (64.0%) than female (52.6%) students; higher among white male (64.7%), black male (67.3%), and Hispanic male (63.0%) than white female (57.1%), black female (46.9%), and Hispanic female (44.6%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (65.6%), 10th-grade male (68.2%), 11th-grade male (60.9%), and 12th-grade male (60.2%) than 9th-grade female (57.1%), 10th-grade female (56.1%), 11th-grade female (51.3%), and 12th-grade female (44.5%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having played on at least one sports team was higher among white (60.9%) than Hispanic (54.1%) students; higher among white female (57.1%) than black female (46.9%) and Hispanic female (44.6%) students; and higher among black male (67.3%) than Hispanic male (63.0%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having played on at least one sports team was higher among 9th-grade (61.4%) and 10th-grade (62.3%) than 11th-grade (56.2%) and 12th-grade (52.5%) students; higher among 11th-grade (56.2%) than 12th-grade (52.5%) students; higher among 9th-grade female (57.1%) than 11th-grade female (51.3%) and 12th-grade female (44.5%) students; higher among 10th-grade female (56.1%) and 11th-grade female (51.3%) than 12th-grade female (44.5%) students; and higher among 9th-grade male (65.6%) and 10th-grade male (68.2%) than 11th-grade male (60.9%) and 12th-grade male (60.2%) students. The prevalence of having played on at least one sports team ranged from 46.3% to 64.1% across state surveys (median: 56.0%) and from 42.8% to 57.3% across large urban school district surveys (median: 49.0%) (Table 100).

During 1999–2011, among students nationwide, a significant linear increase occurred in the prevalence of having played on at least one sports team (55.1%–58.4%). The prevalence of having played on at least one sports team did not change significantly from 2009 (58.3%) to 2011 (58.4%).

Obesity, Overweight, and Weight Control

Obese

Nationwide, 13.0% of students were obese (Table 101). Overall, the prevalence of obesity was higher among male (16.1%) than female (9.8%) students; higher among white male (15.0%) and Hispanic male (19.2%) than white female (7.7%) and Hispanic female (8.6%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (15.8%), 10th-grade male (15.5%), 11th-grade male (17.7%), and 12th-grade male (15.1%) than 9th-grade female (11.4%), 10th-grade female (9.8%), 11th-grade female (8.0%), and 12th-grade female (9.8%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of obesity was higher among black (18.2%) and Hispanic (14.1%) than white (11.5%) students; higher among black (18.2%) than Hispanic (14.1%) students; higher among black female (18.6%) than white female (7.7%) and Hispanic female (8.6%) students; and higher among Hispanic male (19.2%) than white male (15.0%) students. The prevalence of obesity was higher among 9th-grade female (11.4%) than 11th-grade female (8.0%) students. The prevalence of obesity ranged from 7.3% to 17.0% across state surveys (median: 12.0%) and from 7.4% to 18.9% across large urban school district surveys (median: 13.3%) (Table 102).

During 1999–2011, a significant linear increase occurred in the prevalence of obesity (10.6%–13.0%). The prevalence of obesity did not change significantly from 2009 (11.8%) to 2011 (13.0%).

Overweight

Nationwide, 15.2% of students were overweight (Table 101). The prevalence of overweight was higher among black female (19.6%) than black male (12.8%) students. Overall, the prevalence of overweight was higher among Hispanic (17.4%) than white (14.2%) students; higher among black female (19.6%) and Hispanic female (18.0%) than white female (13.8%) students; and higher among Hispanic male (16.9%) than black male (12.8%) students. Overall, the prevalence of overweight was higher among 9th-grade (17.3%) than 10th-grade (14.4%), 11th-grade (14.3%), and 12th-grade (14.7%) students and higher among 9th-grade male (18.2%) than 11th-grade male (13.4%) and 12th-grade male (14.0%) students. The prevalence of overweight ranged from 10.7% to 19.5% across state surveys (median: 14.7%) and from 11.6% to 22.7% across large urban school district surveys (median: 16.8%) (Table 102).

During 1999–2011, a significant linear increase occurred in the prevalence of overweight (14.2%–15.2%). The prevalence of overweight did not change significantly from 2009 (15.6%) to 2011 (15.2%).

Described Themselves as Overweight

Nationwide, 29.2% of students described themselves as slightly or very overweight (Table 103). Overall, the prevalence of describing themselves as overweight was higher among female (34.8%) than male (23.9%) students; higher among white female (33.7%), black female (35.4%), and Hispanic female (36.3%) than white male (23.7%), black male (18.2%), and Hispanic male (27.4%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade female (33.4%), 10th-grade female (34.3%), 11th-grade female (35.3%), and 12th-grade female (36.4%) than 9th-grade male (23.5%), 10th-grade male (23.0%), 11th-grade male (23.6%), and 12th-grade male (25.4%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of describing themselves as overweight was higher among Hispanic (31.7%) than white (28.5%) and black (26.8%) students; higher among white male (23.7%) than black male (18.2%) students; and higher among Hispanic male (27.4%) than white male (23.7%) and black male (18.2%) students. The prevalence of describing themselves as overweight ranged from 24.1% to 32.7% across state surveys (median: 28.6%) and from 19.0% to 33.8% across large urban school district surveys (median: 26.0%) (Table 104).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of describing themselves as slightly or very overweight decreased during 1991–1997 (31.8%–27.3%) and then did not change significantly during 1997–2011 (27.3%–29.2%). The prevalence of describing themselves as slightly or very overweight also did not change significantly from 2009 (27.7%) to 2011 (29.2%).

Were Trying to Lose Weight

Nationwide, 46.0% of students were trying to lose weight (Table 103). Overall, the prevalence of trying to lose weight was higher among female (61.2%) than male (31.6%) students; higher among white female (61.4%), black female (55.2%), and Hispanic female (66.4%) than white male (29.2%), black male (26.6%), and Hispanic male (39.6%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade female (59.2%), 10th-grade female (61.6%), 11th-grade female (61.6%), and 12th-grade female (63.0%) than 9th-grade male (33.3%), 10th-grade male (30.4%), 11th-grade male (30.7%), and 12th-grade male (31.2%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of trying to lose weight was higher among white (44.8%) than black (40.9%) students; higher among Hispanic (52.6%) than white (44.8%) and black (40.9%) students; higher among white female (61.4%) than black female (55.2%) students; higher among Hispanic female (66.4%) than white female (61.4%) and black female (55.2%) students; and higher among Hispanic male (39.6%) than white male (29.2%) and black male (26.6%) students. The prevalence of trying to lose weight ranged from 39.6% to 49.3% across state surveys (median: 44.9%) and from 33.7% to 52.1% across large urban school district surveys (median: 43.5%) (Table 104).

During 1991–2011, among students nationwide, a significant linear increase occurred in the prevalence of trying to lose weight (41.8%–46.0%). The prevalence of trying to lose weight did not change significantly from 2009 (44.4%) to 2011 (46.0%).

Did Not Eat for ≥24 Hours to Lose Weight or to Keep from Gaining Weight

Nationwide, 12.2% of students had not eaten for 24 or more hours to lose weight or to keep from gaining weight during the 30 days before the survey (Table 105). Overall, the prevalence of having not eaten for 24 or more hours to lose weight or to keep from gaining weight was higher among female (17.4%) than male (7.2%) students; higher among white female (17.5%), black female (15.1%), and Hispanic female (18.8%) than white male (6.7%), black male (8.0%), and Hispanic male (7.8%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade female (18.8%), 10th-grade female (17.4%), 11th-grade female (17.3%), and 12th-grade female (15.6%) than 9th-grade male (6.3%), 10th-grade male (6.8%), 11th-grade male (8.6%), and 12th-grade male (7.1%) students, respectively. The prevalence of having not eaten for 24 or more hours to lose weight or to keep from gaining weight was higher among 9th-grade female (18.8%) than 12th-grade female (15.6%) students and higher among 11th-grade male (8.6%) than 9th-grade male (6.3%) students. The prevalence of having not eaten for 24 or more hours to lose weight or to keep from gaining weight ranged from 8.4% to 17.7% across state surveys (median: 13.1%) and from 9.0% to 17.5% across large urban school district surveys (median: 12.8%) (Table 106).

During 1999–2011, among students nationwide, a significant linear decrease occurred in the prevalence of having not eaten for 24 hours or more to lose weight or to keep from gaining weight (12.6%–12.2%). The prevalence of having not eaten for 24 hours or more to lose weight or to keep from gaining weight increased from 2009 (10.6%) to 2011 (12.2%).

Took Diet Pills, Powders, or Liquids to Lose Weight or to Keep from Gaining Weight

Nationwide, 5.1% of students had taken diet pills, powders, or liquids without a doctor's advice to lose weight or to keep from gaining weight during the 30 days before the survey (Table 105). Overall, the prevalence of having taken diet pills, powders, or liquids without a doctor's advice to lose weight or to keep from gaining weight was higher among female (5.9%) than male (4.2%) students; higher among white female (5.8%) and Hispanic female (7.8%) than white male (3.7%) and Hispanic male (5.0%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade female (5.5%) and 12th-grade female (6.8%) than 9th-grade male (3.6%) and 12th-grade male (4.0%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having taken diet pills, powders, or liquids without a doctor's advice to lose weight or to keep from gaining weight was higher among Hispanic (6.4%) than white (4.7%) and black (4.2%) students and higher among white female (5.8%) and Hispanic female (7.8%) than black female (4.1%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having taken diet pills, powders, or liquids without a doctor's advice to lose weight or to keep from gaining weight was higher among 11th-grade (5.9%) than 9th-grade (4.6%) and 10th-grade (4.3%) students; higher among 11th-grade female (6.8%) and 12th-grade female (6.8%) than 10th-grade female (4.5%) students; and higher among 11th-grade male (5.1%) than 9th-grade male (3.6%) students. The prevalence of having taken diet pills, powders, or liquids without a doctor's advice to lose weight or to keep from gaining weight ranged from 4.0% to 9.6% across state surveys (median: 5.6%) and from 3.4% to 7.9% across large urban school district surveys (median: 5.7%) (Table 106).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of having taken diet pills, powders, or liquids without a doctor's advice to lose weight or to keep from gaining weight increased during 1999–2001 (7.6%–9.2%) and then decreased during 2001–2011 (9.2%–5.1%). The prevalence of having taken diet pills, powders, or liquids without a doctor's advice to lose weight or to keep from gaining weight did not change significantly from 2009 (5.0%) to 2011 (5.1%).

Vomited or Took Laxatives to Lose Weight or to Keep from Gaining Weight

Nationwide, 4.3% of students had vomited or taken laxatives to lose weight or to keep from gaining weight during the 30 days before the survey (Table 107). Overall, the prevalence of having vomited or taken laxatives to lose weight or to keep from gaining weight was higher among female (6.0%) than male (2.5%) students; higher among white female (6.5%) and Hispanic female (7.2%) than white male (1.8%) and Hispanic male (3.3%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade female (5.9%), 10th-grade female (5.9%), 11th-grade female (5.8%), and 12th-grade female (6.4%) than 9th-grade male (2.4%), 10th-grade male (2.3%), 11th-grade male (2.9%), and 12th-grade male (2.5%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of having vomited or taken laxatives to lose weight or to keep from gaining weight was higher among white (4.1%) and Hispanic (5.2%) than black (3.0%) students; higher among white female (6.5%) and Hispanic female (7.2%) than black female (2.9%) students; and higher among Hispanic male (3.3%) than white male (1.8%) students. The prevalence of having vomited or taken laxatives to lose weight or to keep from gaining weight ranged from 2.9% to 8.4% across state surveys (median: 5.0%) and from 3.0% to 6.5% across large urban school district surveys (median: 5.0%) (Table 108).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of having vomited or taken laxatives to lose weight or to keep from gaining weight did not change significantly during 1995–2003 (4.8%–6.0%) and then decreased during 2003–2011 (6.0%–4.3%). The prevalence of having vomited or taken laxatives to lose weight or to keep from gaining weight did not change significantly from 2009 (4.0%) to 2011 (4.3%).

Other Health-Related Topics

Ever Had Asthma

Nationwide, 23.0% of students had ever been told by a doctor or nurse that they had asthma (i.e., ever had asthma) (Table 109). The prevalence of having ever had asthma was higher among black male (29.9%) than black female (23.5%) students. Overall, the prevalence of having ever had asthma was higher among black (26.8%) than white (22.8%) and Hispanic (20.3%) students and higher among black male (29.9%) than white male (22.8%) and Hispanic male (20.8%) students. The prevalence of having ever had asthma ranged from 16.0% to 28.7% across state surveys (median: 22.3%) and from 16.4% to 29.5% across large urban school district surveys (median: 21.5%) (Table 110).

During 2003–2011, among students nationwide, a significant linear increase occurred in the prevalence of having ever had asthma (18.9%–23.0%). The prevalence of having ever had asthma did not change significantly from 2009 (22.0%) to 2011 (23.0%).

Current Asthma

Nationwide, 11.9% of students had ever had and still had asthma (i.e., current asthma) (Table 109). Overall, the prevalence of current asthma was higher among female (13.5%) than male (10.4%) students; higher among white female (14.5%) than white male (10.5%) students; and higher among 11th-grade female (13.9%) and 12th-grade female (13.4%) than 11th-grade male (9.3%) and 12th-grade male (9.6%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of current asthma was higher among white (12.4%) and black (13.5%) than Hispanic (9.1%) students; higher among white female (14.5%) than Hispanic female (9.8%) students; and higher among black male (13.9%) than white male (10.5%) and Hispanic male (8.4%) students. The prevalence of current asthma was higher among 10th-grade male (11.2%) than 11th-grade male (9.3%) students. The prevalence of current asthma ranged from 7.5% to 14.4% across state surveys (median: 11.1%) and from 6.4% to 16.3% across large urban school district surveys (median: 9.1%) (Table 110).

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of current asthma did not change significantly during 2007–2011 (10.9%–11.9%) or from 2009 (10.8%) to 2011 (11.9%).

Routine Sunscreen Use

Nationwide, 10.8% of students most of the time or always wore sunscreen with an SPF of 15 or higher when outside for more than 1 hour on a sunny day (i.e., routine sunscreen use)(Table 111). Overall, the prevalence of routine sunscreen use was higher among female (14.4%) than male (7.3%) students; higher among white female (17.4%), black female (6.3%), and Hispanic female (9.2%) than white male (8.8%), black male (3.2%), and Hispanic male (4.4%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade female (14.6%), 10th-grade female (13.4%), 11th-grade female (13.7%), and 12th-grade female (15.9%) than 9th-grade male (7.8%), 10th-grade male (7.5%), 11th-grade male (7.4%), and 12th-grade male (6.1%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of routine sunscreen use was higher among white (13.0%) than black (4.8%) and Hispanic (6.7%) students; higher among Hispanic (6.7%) than black (4.8%) students; higher among white female (17.4%) than black female (6.3%) and Hispanic female (9.2%) students; higher among Hispanic female (9.2%) than black female (6.3%) students; and higher among white male (8.8%) than black male (3.2%) and Hispanic male (4.4%) students.

During 1999–2011, among students nationwide, a significant linear decrease occurred in the prevalence of routine sunscreen use (13.3%–10.8%). The prevalence of routine sunscreen use did not change significantly from 2009 (9.3%) to 2011 (10.8%).

Indoor Tanning Device Use

Nationwide, 13.3% of students had used an indoor tanning device, such as a sunlamp, sunbed, or tanning booth, one or more times during the 12 months before the survey (i.e., indoor tanning device use) (Table 111). Overall, the prevalence of indoor tanning device use was higher among female (20.9%) than male (6.2%) students; higher among white female (29.3%) and Hispanic female (9.6%) than white male (6.2%) and Hispanic male (5.7%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade female (11.7%), 10th-grade female (15.7%), 11th-grade female (26.5%), and 12th-grade female (31.8%) than 9th-grade male (4.5%), 10th-grade male (4.9%), 11th-grade male (6.8%), and 12th-grade male (8.5%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of indoor tanning device use was higher among white (17.4%) than black (3.9%) and Hispanic (7.6%) students; higher among Hispanic (7.6%) than black (3.9%) students; higher among white female (29.3%) than black female (3.3%) and Hispanic female (9.6%) students; and higher among Hispanic female (9.6%) than black female (3.3%) students. Overall, the prevalence of indoor tanning device use was higher among 11th-grade (16.4%) and 12th-grade (19.7%) than 9th-grade (8.1%) and 10th-grade (10.1%) students; higher among 12th-grade (19.7%) than 11th-grade (16.4%) students; higher among 10th-grade female (15.7%), 11th-grade female (26.5%), and 12th-grade female (31.8%) than 9th-grade female (11.7%) students; higher among 11th-grade female (26.5%) and 12th-grade female (31.8%) than 10th-grade female (15.7%) students; higher among 12th-grade female (31.8%) than 11th-grade female (26.5%) students; and higher among 12th-grade male (8.5%) than 9th-grade male (4.5%) and 10th-grade male (4.9%) students.

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of indoor tanning device use did not change significantly from 2009 (15.6%) to 2011 (13.3%).

Eight or More Hours of Sleep

Nationwide, 31.4% of students got 8 or more hours of sleep on an average school night (Table 112). Overall, the prevalence of getting 8 or more hours of sleep was higher among male (33.6%) than female (29.1%) students; higher among white male (35.0%) and Hispanic male (33.7%) than white female (30.2%) and Hispanic female (27.7%) students, respectively; and higher among 9th-grade male (43.1%), 10th-grade male (35.9%), and 11th-grade male (28.7%) than 9th-grade female (36.8%), 10th-grade female (30.8%), and 11th-grade female (24.5%) students, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of getting 8 or more hours of sleep was higher among white (32.7%) than black (27.9%) students and higher among white male (35.0%) and Hispanic male (33.7%) than black male (27.9%) students. Overall, the prevalence of getting 8 or more hours of sleep was higher among 9th-grade (40.0%) than 10th-grade (33.4%), 11th-grade (26.7%), and 12th-grade (23.8%) students; higher among 10th-grade (33.4%) than 11th-grade (26.7%) and 12th-grade (23.8%) students; higher among 11th-grade (26.7%) than 12th-grade (23.8%) students; higher among 9th-grade female (36.8%) than 10th-grade female (30.8%), 11th-grade female (24.5%), and 12th-grade female (22.8%) students; higher among 10th-grade female (30.8%) than 11th-grade female (24.5%) and 12th-grade female (22.8%) students; higher among 9th-grade male (43.1%) than 10th-grade male (35.9%), 11th-grade male (28.7%), and 12th-grade male (24.8%) students; higher among 10th-grade male (35.9%) than 11th-grade male (28.7%) and 12th-grade male (24.8%) students; and higher among 11th-grade male (28.7%) than 12th-grade male (24.8%) students.

Among students nationwide, the prevalence of getting 8 or more hours of sleep did not change significantly during 2007–2011 (31.1%–31.4%) or from 2009 (30.9%) to 2011 (31.4%).

Discussion

YRBSS is the largest public health surveillance system in the United States monitoring a broad range of health-risk behaviors among high school students. In addition to describing the prevalence of health-risk behaviors, YRBSS data are used widely to compare health-risk behavior prevalence among students overall and by sex, race/ethnicity, grade, and age; assess trends in health-risk behaviors over time; monitor progress toward achieving national health objectives; provide comparable state and local data; and evaluate and improve health-related policies and programs.

Compare Health-Risk Behavior Prevalence Among Student Subpopulations

Variations in health-risk behaviors among subpopulations of high school students as defined by sex and race/ethnicity can be identified with YRBSS data. For example, male high school students were more likely than female high school students to have engaged in certain behaviors related to unintentional injury (e.g., rarely or never worn a seatbelt and drove when drinking alcohol); violence (e.g., carried a weapon and been in a physical fight); tobacco use (e.g., currently smoked cigarettes, currently smoked cigars, and currently used smokeless tobacco); alcohol and other drug use (e.g., binge drank and ever used marijuana, cocaine, ecstasy, heroin, methamphetamines, and hallucinogenic drugs); and sexual behaviors related to unintentional pregnancy and STDs, including HIV infection (e.g., ever had sexual intercourse and had sexual intercourse with four or more persons during their life). Female high school students were more likely than male high school students to have been bullied on school property, electronically bullied, forced to have sexual intercourse, engaged in suicide-related behaviors (e.g., felt sad or hopeless and attempted suicide), been physically inactive, engaged in unhealthy weight control behaviors, and used an indoor tanning device.

Variations by race/ethnicity also were observed. For example, white high school students were most likely to have texted or e-mailed while driving, been bullied on school property, been electronically bullied, used tobacco (e.g., smoked cigarettes daily and currently used smokeless tobacco), and to have used an indoor tanning device. Black high school students were most likely to have engaged in risky sexual behaviors (e.g., ever had sexual intercourse and had sexual intercourse for the first time before age 13 years), been physically inactive, watched television for 3 or more hours per day, and to be obese. Hispanic high school students were most likely to have ridden with a driver who had been drinking alcohol; felt sad or hopeless; had their first drink of alcohol before age 13 years; ever used cocaine, inhalants, and ecstasy; and to have not used any method to prevent pregnancy during last sexual intercourse.

However, this analysis could not isolate the effects of these demographic characteristics from the effects of socioeconomic status (SES) or culture on health-risk behaviors. In a national study, the likelihood of behavioral cardiovascular disease risks, including obesity, sedentary behaviors, and tobacco exposure, increased among adolescents aged 12–17 years as the SES based on poverty-income ratio decreased (13). Additional research is needed to assess the effect of specific educational, socioeconomic, cultural, and racial/ethnic factors on the prevalence of health-risk behaviors among high school students.

Assess Trends in Health-Risk Behaviors Over Time

Long-term trends in health-risk behaviors can be assessed using YRBSS data. Since 1991, substantial progress has been made in decreasing the prevalence of many health-risk behaviors among high school students nationwide, including never or rarely wearing a seatbelt, riding with a driver who had been drinking alcohol, current frequent cigarette use, and being currently sexually active. However, the percentage of high school students who are obese increased during 1999–2011, and the percentage who drank three or more glasses per day of milk and who routinely used sunscreen decreased during this same period. In addition, among students who currently smoke cigarettes, the percentage who tried to quit smoking cigarettes decreased during 2001–2011. Emerging behavior patterns can be detected by examining temporal changes during 2009–2011. For example, encouraging changes during 2009–2011 include a decrease in the percentage of students who currently used alcohol and binge drank and an increase in the percentage of students who ate vegetables three or more times per day. Concerning changes during 2009–2011 include a decrease in the percentage of students who were taught in school about AIDS or HIV infection and an increase in the percentage of students who attempted suicide and currently used marijuana.

Monitor Progress Toward Achieving National Health Objectives

The national YRBS is the primary source of data to measure 20 Healthy People 2020 objectives, including one leading health indicator (14). The Healthy People 2020 objectives provide a comprehensive agenda for improving the health of all persons in the United States during the second decade of the 21st century. This report provides the Healthy People 2020 target and data from the 2011 national YRBS for all 20 objectives (Table 113). The data indicate that as of 2011 two of the 20 Healthy People 2020 objectives have been achieved. Healthy People 2020 objective C-20.3 is to reduce the proportion of adolescents in grades 9 through 12 who report using artificial sources of ultraviolet light for tanning to below 14.0%. In 2011, 13.3% of high school students nationally had used an indoor tanning device during the 12 months before the survey. Healthy People 2020 Objective SA-1 is to reduce the proportion of adolescents who report that they rode, during the previous 30 days, with a driver who had been drinking alcohol to below 25.5%. In 2011, 24.1% of high school students nationally had ridden in a car or other vehicle driven by someone who had been drinking alcohol during the 30 days before the survey. Although the data indicate the Healthy People 2020 objective PA-3.1 to increase the proportion of adolescents who meet current federal physical activity guidelines for aerobic physical activity has been met, the 2011 YRBS prevalence estimate for aerobic physical activity is not comparable to the baseline prevalence upon which the target was set because of a change in the context of the question starting with the 2011 national YRBS questionnaire.§§

To obtain certain Healthy People 2020 objectives, substantial progress still must be made. For example, Healthy People 2020 objective PA-8.3.3 is to increase the proportion of adolescents in grades 9 –12 who use a computer or play computer games outside of school (for nonschool work) for no more than 2 hours a day to 82.6%. As of 2011, only 68.9% of high school students nationally met this objective. To reach many of the Healthy People 2020 goals, additional support is needed for coordinated, comprehensive school health programs and other interventions that address health-risk behaviors.

Provide Comparable State and Large Urban School District Data

Because all state and large urban school district surveys share similar sampling, questionnaires, data collection, and data-processing procedures, it is possible to compare state and large urban school district YRBS data. The prevalence of some health-risk behaviors varied substantially among states and large urban school districts. Across state surveys, a range of 25 or more percentage points or a fivefold variation or greater was identified for the following health-risk behaviors:

  • rarely or never wore a bicycle helmet (minimum: 52.7%; maximum: 95.1%);
  • ever smoked cigarettes (minimum: 23.1%; maximum: 59.5%);
  • current frequent cigarette use (minimum: 2.1%; maximum: 11.6%);
  • smoked more than 10 cigarettes/day (minimum: 3.5%; maximum: 18.2%);
  • bought cigarettes in a store or gas station (minimum: 3.0%; maximum: 25.5%);
  • used smokeless tobacco on school property (minimum: 2.3%; maximum: 11.6%);
  • ever drank alcohol (minimum: 35.1%; maximum: 75.6%);
  • current alcohol use (minimum: 15.0%; maximum: 44.4%);
  • ever used marijuana (minimum: 19.6%; maximum: 46.0%);
  • condom use (minimum: 43.9%; maximum: 70.8%);
  • Depo-Provera, Nuva Ring, Implanon, or any IUD use (minimum: 2.1%; maximum: 12.4%);
  • birth control pill, Depo-Provera, Nuva Ring, Implanon, or any IUD use (minimum: 15.7%; maximum: 42.3%);
  • drank soda or pop one or more times/day (minimum: 14.3%; maximum: 40.9%);
  • attended PE classes (minimum: 32.8%; maximum: 91.3%); and
  • attended PE classes daily (minimum: 6.3%; maximum: 71.2%).

Across large urban school district surveys, a range of 25 or more percentage points or a fivefold variation or greater was identified for the following health-risk behaviors:

  • rarely or never wore a bicycle helmet (minimum: 59.3%; maximum: 94.3%);
  • rarely or never wore a seat belt (minimum: 4.1%; maximum: 25.8%);
  • current frequent cigarette use (minimum: 0.9%; maximum: 5.3%);
  • smoked more than 10 cigarettes/day (minimum: 1.9%; maximum: 12.9%);
  • current smokeless tobacco use (minimum: 1.4%; maximum: 7.5%);
  • ever used cocaine (minimum: 1.5%; maximum: 9.3%);
  • current cocaine use (minimum: 0.8%; maximum: 4.3%);
  • ever used ecstasy (minimum: 2.7%; maximum: 16.4%);
  • ever used heroin (minimum: 0.8%; maximum: 5.3%);
  • ever used methamphetamines (minimum: 1.3%; maximum: 6.9%);
  • ever injected any illegal drug (minimum: 1.0%; maximum: 13.0%);
  • ever had sexual intercourse (minimum: 27.8%; maximum: 62.2%);
  • currently sexually active (minimum: 19.5%; maximum: 44.9%);
  • Depo-Provera, Nuva Ring, Implanon, or any IUD use (minimum: 1.0%; maximum: 14.9%);
  • birth control pill, Depo-Provera, Nuva Ring, Implanon, or any IUD use (minimum: 7.1%; maximum: 36.3%);
  • condom use and birth control pill, Depo-Provera, Nuva Ring, Implanon, or any IUD use (minimum: 2.2%; maximum: 12.6%);
  • drank soda or pop one or more times/day (minimum: 12.7%; maximum: 38.9%);
  • watched television 3 or more hours/day (minimum: 22.7%; maximum: 56.4%);
  • attended PE classes (minimum: 31.7%; maximum: 79.5%); and
  • attended PE classes daily (minimum: 9.0%; maximum: 50.5%).

These variations might occur, in part, because of differences in state and local laws and policies, enforcement practices, access to illegal drugs, availability of effective school and community interventions, prevailing behavioral and social norms, demographic characteristics of the population, and adult practices. Longitudinal research is needed to better understand the effect of these factors on the development and prevalence of health-risk behaviors.

Evaluate and Improve Health-Related Policies and Programs

CDC and other federal agencies use national YRBS data to evaluate components of CDC's Performance Plan in compliance with the Government Performance and Results Act (15) and to evaluate the contribution of HIV prevention and chronic disease prevention efforts toward helping reduce health-risk behaviors among youth. State and local agencies and nongovernmental organizations use YRBS data to improve health-related policies and programs. For example, YRBS data were used in Massachusetts to develop a fact sheet on student obesity, physical activity, and eating behaviors. This fact sheet was used to build support for legislation limiting competitive foods in schools and for best practice guidelines on school physical education and physical activity programs. In New York City, YRBS data were cited by the New York City Commissioner of Health in testimony before the City Council to support a smoking ban in all New York City public parks and beaches. The law took effect in May 2011, and prohibits smoking in 1,700 city parks and along 14 miles of the city's public beaches. In Wisconsin, the Department of Public Instruction and the Department of Health Services developed a joint report on sexual behaviors based on YRBS data. This report is used to identify high-risk populations in the state. In South Dakota, YRBS data were used to identify underage alcohol use and binge drinking among youth as priority health risk behaviors in a grant application. As a result, the South Dakota Department of Human Services/Social Services received the Strategic Prevention Framework State Incentive Grant to address this issue.

Limitations

The findings in this report are subject to at least four limitations. First, these data apply only to youth who attend school and, therefore, are not representative of all persons in this age group. Nationwide, in 2009, of persons aged 16–17 years, approximately 4% were not enrolled in a high school program and had not completed high school (16). Second, the extent of underreporting or overreporting of behaviors cannot be determined, although the survey questions demonstrate good test-retest reliability (8). Third, BMI is calculated on the basis of self-reported height and weight, and, therefore, tends to underestimate the prevalence of obesity and overweight (17). Fourth, not all states and large urban school districts include all of the standard questions on their YRBS questionnaire. For example, five states (Georgia, Louisiana, Maryland, Utah, and Virginia) do not ask any questions on sexual risk behaviors.

Conclusion

The results of this report indicate a need for continued monitoring of health-risk behaviors among high school students nationally and at the state and local levels. In 2011, a total of 43 states and 21 large urban school districts collected YRBS data representative of high school students in their jurisdiction. YRBSS provides ongoing, systematic monitoring of youth risk behaviors at the national, state, and local levels. During the preceding 20 years, analysis and interpretation of YRBSS data have been instrumental in planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health and school-based policies and practices. Additional support for YRBSS will ensure data on priority risk behaviors are available to enhance and inform future efforts to protect and promote the health of youth.

References

  1. CDC, NCHS. Mortality data file for 2008 with all state identifiers [CD-ROM]. 2011.
  2. CDC. Vital signs: teen pregnancy — United States, 1991–2009. MMWR 2011;60(No. 13):414–20.
  3. CDC, NCHHSTP. Sexually transmitted disease morbidity for selected STDs by age, race/ethnicity and gender, 1996–2009, CDC WONDER Online Database, June 2011. Available at http://wonder.cdc.gov/std-std-race-age.html. Accessed April 5, 2012.
  4. CDC. HIV surveillance report, 2009; vol. 21. Available at http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/topics/surveillance/resources/reports. Accessed April 5, 2012.
  5. Brener ND, Kann L, Kinchen S, et al. Methodology of the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System. MMWR 2004;53(No RR-12).
  6. MDR National Education Database Master Extract, Shelton, CT: Market Data Retrieval, Inc.: 2010.
  7. US Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics. Common Core of Data Public Elementary/Secondary School Universe Survey. Washington, DC: US Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics. Available at http://nces.ed.gov/ccd. Accessed April 5, 2012.
  8. Brener ND, Kann L, McManus T, Kinchen SA, Sundberg EC, Ross JG. Reliability of the 1999 Youth Risk Behavior Survey questionnaire. J Adolesc Health 2002;31:336–42.
  9. Kuczmarski RJ, Ogden CL, Grummer-Strawn LM, et al. CDC growth charts: United States. In: Advance Data from Vital and Health Statistics, no. 314. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics; 2000.
  10. SAS Institute, Inc. SAS,(r) version 9.2 [software and documentation].Cary, NC: SAS Institute; 2008.
  11. Research Triangle Institute. SUDAAN,(r) version 10 [software and documentation]. Research Triangle Park, NC: Research Triangle Institute; 2008.
  12. Hinkle DE, Wiersma W, Jurs SG. Applied statistics for the behavioral sciences. 5th ed. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin Co.; 2003.
  13. Ali MK, McKeever Bullard K, Beckles GL, Stevens MR, Barker L, Narayan V, Imperatore G. Household income and cardiovascular disease risks in U.S. children and young adults. Diabetes Care 2011;34:1998–2004.
  14. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. Healthy People 2020. Washington, DC. Available at http://www.healthypeople.gov. Accessed April 5, 2012.
  15. CDC. FY 2012 Online Performance Appendix. Atlanta, GA: US Department of Health and Human Services, CDC; 2011. Available at http://www.cdc.gov/fmo/topic/Performance/performance_docs/FY2012_CDC_Online_Performance_Appendix.pdf. Accessed April 5, 2012.
  16. Chapman C, Laird J, Ifill N, KewalRamani A (2011). Trends in high school dropout and completion rates in the United States: 1972-2009 (NCES 2012-006). Washington, DC: National Center for Education Statistics, US Department of Education. Available at http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2012/2012006.pdf. Accessed April 5, 2012.
  17. Brener ND, McManus T, Galuska DA, Lowry R, Wechsler H. Reliability and validity of self-reported height and weight among high school students. J Adolesc Health 2003;32:281–7.

State and Large Urban School District Youth Risk Behavior Survey Coordinators

States: Alabama, Elainer Jones, MEd, Department of Education; Alaska, Wendy S. Hamilton, Department of Health and Social Services; Arizona, Jean Ajamie, Department of Education; Arkansas, Kathleen Courtney, MS, Department of Education; Colorado, Amy Dillon, MEd, Department of Education; Connecticut, Diane Aye, PhD, Department of Public Health; Delaware, John B. Ray, MS, Department of Education; Florida, Meredith Jagger, MS, Department of Health; Georgia, Suparna Bagchi, DrPH, Department of Health; Hawaii, Katherine Sakuda, MEd, Department of Education; Idaho, Patricia Stewart, Department of Education; Illinois, Glenn Steinhausen, PhD, State Board of Education; Indiana, Joseph A. Haddix, MPH, Department of Health; Iowa, Sara A. Peterson, MA, Department of Education; Kansas, Mark Thompson, PhD, State Department of Education; Kentucky, Stephanie Bunge, MEd, Department of Education; Louisiana, Raegan Carter, MPH, Department of Education; Maine, Jean Zimmerman, MS, Department of Education; Maryland, Richard D. Scott, DMin, Department of Education; Massachusetts, Chiniqua Milligan, MPH, Department of Elementary and Secondary Education; Michigan, Kimberly Kovalchick, MPH, Department of Education; Mississippi, Shalonda Matthews, MS, Department of Education; Montana, Susan Court, Office of Public Instruction; Nebraska, Julane Hill, Department of Education; New Hampshire, Mary Bubnis, MEd, Department of Education; New Jersey, Gregory Kocher, MS, Department of Education; New Mexico, Kristine M. Meurer, PhD, Public Education Department; New York, Martha R. Morrissey, MA, Department of Education; North Carolina, Sherry Lehman, MEd, Department of Public Instruction; North Dakota, Gail Schauer, MS, Department of Public Instruction; Ohio, Angela Norton, MA, Department of Health; Oklahoma, Thad Burk, MPH, Department of Health; Rhode Island, Bruce Cryan, MS, Department of Health; South Carolina, Delores Pluto, PhD, Department of Education; South Dakota, Amy Beshara, Department of Education; Tennessee, Mark A. Bloodworth, EdS, Department of Education; Texas, Jennifer Haussler Garing, MS, Department of State Health Services; Utah, Michael Friedrichs, MS, Department of Health; Vermont, Jessie Brosseau, MPH, Department of Health; Virginia, Shanee Harmon, MS, Department of Health; West Virginia, Rick Deem, MS, Department of Education; Wisconsin, Emily S. Holder, MA, Department of Public Instruction; Wyoming, Shannon Cranmore, Department of Education.

Large Urban School Districts: Boston, MA, Barbara Huscher Cohen, MEd, Boston Public Schools; Broward County, FL, Sebrina James, MS, Broward County Public Schools; Charlotte, NC, Nancy A. Langenfeld, MS, Charlotte-Mecklenburg Schools; Chicago, IL, Blair Harvey-Gintoft, MA, Chicago Public Schools; Dallas, TX, Angelica Duran Harkins, LMSW, Dallas Independent School District; Detroit, MI, Arlene Richardson, EdD, Detroit Public Schools; District of Columbia, Julie Christine Ost, MPH, Office of the State Superintendent of Education; Duval County, FL, Kathleen Bowles, MAT, Duval County Public Schools; Houston, TX, Rose Haggerty, MEd, Houston Independent School District; Los Angeles, CA, Timothy Kordic, MA, Los Angeles Unified School District; Memphis, TN, Carla Shirley, PhD, Memphis City Schools; Miami-Dade County, FL, Rodolfo Abella, PhD, Miami-Dade County Public Schools; Milwaukee, WI, Brett A. Fuller, MAE, Milwaukee Public Schools; New York City, NY, Kinjia Hinterland, MPH, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene; Orange County, FL, Brenda Christopher-Muench, Orange County Public Schools; Palm Beach, FL, Danette Fitzgerald, MS, School District of Palm Beach County; Philadelphia, PA, Bettyann Creighton, MEd, School District of Philadelphia; San Bernardino, CA, Charlene D. Long, San Bernardino City Unified School District; San Diego, CA, Marge Kleinsmith-Hildebrand, MS, San Diego Unified School District; San Francisco, CA, Kim Levine, MHA, San Francisco Unified School District; Seattle, WA, Lisa Sharp, Seattle Public Schools.


Figure. State and Large Urban School District Youth Risk Behavior Surveys United States, 2011

United States map showing data from the 43 state and 21 large urban district surveys with weighted data for the 2011 YRBSS cycle.

* A questionnaire that fails quality control has <20 remaining responses after editing or has the same answer to ≥15 questions in a row.

Overall response rate = (number of participating schools/number of eligible sampled schools) x (number of usable questionnaires/number of eligible students sampled).

§ Pellet-sized pieces of highly purified cocaine.

A process in which cocaine is dissolved in ether or sodium hydroxide and the precipitate is filtered off.

** Green salad, potatoes (excluding French fries, fried potatoes, or potato chips), carrots, or other vegetables.

†† Because of changes in question context starting in 2011, national YRBS prevalence estimates derived from the 60 minutes of physical activity question in 2011 are not comparable to those reported in 2009 or earlier. On the 2005–2009 national YRBS questionnaire, physical activity was assessed with three questions (in the following order) that asked the number of days students participated in 1) at least 20 minutes of vigorous physical activity; 2) at least 30 minutes of moderate physical activity; and 3) at least 60 minutes of aerobic (moderate and vigorous) physical activity. On the 2011 national YRBS questionnaire, only the 60 minutes of aerobic physical activity question was included.

§§ On the 2005–2009 national YRBS questionnaire, physical activity was assessed with three questions (in the following order) that asked the number of days students participated in 1) at least 20 minutes of vigorous physical activity; 2) at least 30 minutes of moderate physical activity; and 3) at least 60 minutes of aerobic (moderate and vigorous) physical activity. On the 2011 national YRBS questionnaire, only the 60 minutes of aerobic physical activity question was included.

Alternate Text: United States map showing data from the 43 state and 21 large urban district surveys with weighted data for the 2011 YRBSS cycle.


TABLE 1. Number of states and large urban school districts that conducted a Youth Risk Behavior Survey, and number with weighted and unweighted data, by year of survey — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System, 1991–2011

Year

Number of states

Number of large urban school districts

Total

Weighted

Unweighted

Total

Weighted

Unweighted

1991

26

9

17

11

7

4

1993

40

22

18

14

9

5

1995

39

22

17

17

12

5

1997

38

24

14

17

15

2

1999

41

22

19

17

14

3

2001

37

22

15

19

14

5

2003

43

32

11

22

20

2

2005

44

40

4

23

21

2

2007

44

39

5

22

22

0

2009

47

42

5

23

20

3

2011

47

43

4

22

21

1


TABLE 2. Sample sizes, response rates, and demographic characteristics*— United States and selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2011

Site

Student sample size

Response rate (%)

Sex (%)

Grade (%)

Race/Ethnicity (%)

School

Student

Overall

Female

Male

9

10

11

12

White

Black

Hispanic

Other§

National survey

15,425

81

87

71

48.4

51.6

27.6

25.8

23.8

22.6

56.9

14.2

20.0

9.0

State surveys

Alabama

1,358

88

68

60

49.3

50.7

28.2

25.8

23.4

22.3

58.5

35.7

3.3

2.5

Alaska

1,327

95

65

62

48.4

51.6

27.0

25.2

25.6

22.1

53.0

2.4

7.3

37.3

Arizona

2,899

87

81

71

49.1

50.9

25.9

25.2

24.0

24.6

45.1

5.3

40.5

9.1

Arkansas

1,375

83

82

68

49.1

50.9

28.0

26.2

23.9

21.9

66.6

21.8

7.8

3.9

Colorado

1,523

83

81

67

49.0

51.0

26.2

25.4

24.1

24.1

61.2

5.2

26.9

6.7

Connecticut

2,058

80

75

60

49.0

51.0

26.3

25.2

24.4

23.7

65.4

13.1

16.4

5.1

Delaware

2,299

98

80

78

50.7

49.3

29.6

26.3

22.9

21.0

48.0

27.6

13.8

10.6

Florida

6,212

96

78

75

49.2

50.8

27.3

26.0

23.7

22.6

45.5

22.7

26.2

5.5

Georgia

1,969

84

86

72

49.4

50.6

30.1

26.0

21.6

21.7

45.1

38.9

9.6

6.4

Hawaii

4,329

100

60

60

50.9

49.1

29.0

25.4

23.5

21.9

14.1

1.2

10.0

74.7

Idaho

1,702

84

88

74

48.4

51.6

26.3

25.2

24.5

23.9

81.7

0.4

13.5

4.4

Illinois

3,616

80

85

68

49.4

50.6

26.8

26.5

23.4

23.2

56.9

17.4

19.0

6.7

Indiana

2,855

76

79

60

48.8

51.2

26.6

25.6

24.4

23.2

75.4

13.8

5.9

4.9

Iowa

1,535

75

83

62

48.6

51.4

24.8

25.1

24.7

25.4

85.0

3.0

6.4

5.6

Kansas

1,876

79

84

67

48.9

51.1

26.4

25.5

24.2

23.9

71.3

7.7

13.4

7.6

Kentucky

1,829

98

81

79

49.2

50.8

27.8

25.6

23.7

22.4

84.9

9.9

2.3

2.9

Louisiana

1,160

80

81

65

50.8

49.2

29.8

25.4

22.7

21.7

51.8

41.8

3.0

3.4

Maine

9,918

85

77

65

48.5

51.5

24.7

24.8

25.0

25.1

93.1

1.4

2.0

3.5

Maryland

2,920

100

72

72

49.3

50.7

27.3

25.8

23.8

22.8

45.5

36.1

9.7

8.8

Massachusetts

2,729

81

86

69

49.2

50.8

26.8

25.3

24.3

23.3

70.0

8.8

14.0

7.2

Michigan

4,194

90

87

78

48.8

51.2

25.9

26.2

23.7

24.1

71.2

19.5

4.8

4.6

Mississippi

1,828

80

86

69

50.2

49.8

27.5

25.9

22.5

21.1

46.0

50.7

1.0

2.3

Montana

4,148

92

81

74

48.2

51.8

26.7

24.8

24.4

23.9

86.9

0.4

2.3

10.5

Nebraska

3,832

91

72

66

48.6

51.4

25.5

24.9

24.3

25.2

73.8

6.4

13.7

6.1

New Hampshire

1,413

85

83

70

48.5

51.5

26.6

25.2

24.2

23.6

91.2

1.2

4.1

3.5

New Jersey

1,657

82

73

60

49.6

50.4

26.3

25.3

24.5

23.6

56.9

16.2

18.3

8.7

New Mexico

5,875

93

68

63

48.8

51.2

29.8

26.2

22.4

20.9

27.7

1.4

56.6

14.4

New York

13,201

87

79

68

49.2

50.8

27.1

25.8

23.4

22.8

56.7

16.9

18.0

8.3

North Carolina

2,278

83

85

70

49.1

50.9

29.1

25.8

23.7

21.1

55.1

28.0

9.6

7.3

North Dakota

1,911

96

81

84

48.6

51.4

24.9

25.5

24.4

25.0

85.3

0.5

2.2

12.0

Ohio

1,442

78

77

60

48.7

51.3

26.6

24.9

23.9

23.4

78.0

15.0

3.7

3.3

Oklahoma

1,147

73

81

60

50.0

50.0

27.3

25.9

24.1

22.7

58.8

10.7

9.0

21.4

Rhode Island

3,961

88

79

69

49.7

50.3

27.7

25.3

23.3

23.5

67.5

8.4

18.9

5.1

South Carolina

1,493

86

79

68

49.1

50.9

29.0

26.1

23.2

21.4

55.9

35.4

5.5

3.3

South Dakota

1,543

96

87

84

48.8

51.2

27.0

25.8

24.0

22.9

79.6

1.1

2.5

16.7

Tennessee

2,635

93

82

76

48.8

51.2

27.3

26.4

24.2

21.9

68.8

26.4

2.7

2.0

Texas

4,209

84

85

72

48.8

51.2

28.9

25.5

23.3

22.2

34.0

13.5

46.9

5.6

Utah

1,729

96

68

66

48.4

51.6

26.5

25.7

24.8

22.7

79.6

1.2

13.3

5.9

Vermont

8,654

96

80

77

48.6

51.4

24.5

25.1

25.4

24.6

92.0

1.4

2.1

4.5

Virginia

1,440

97

64

62

49.0

51.0

26.9

25.4

24.0

23.5

56.1

24.4

10.0

9.5

West Virginia

2,170

100

82

82

48.6

51.4

27.9

25.8

23.6

22.7

92.7

5.2

0.8

1.3

Wisconsin

3,043

89

85

76

48.7

51.3

24.9

24.0

25.2

25.2

77.7

9.2

7.1

6.1

Wyoming

2,519

100

83

83

48.8

51.2

26.0

25.5

24.5

23.9

83.3

0.5

10.7

5.5


TABLE 2. (Continued) Sample sizes, response rates, and demographic characteristics*— United States and selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Surveys, 2011

Site

Student sample size

Response rate (%)

Sex (%)

Grade (%)

Race/Ethnicity (%)

School

Student

Overall

Female

Male

9

10

11

12

White

Black

Hispanic

Other§

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

1,013

95

72

68

48.9

51.1

27.0

23.9

23.7

25.1

13.1

36.9

39.2

10.8

Broward County, FL

1,681

100

80

80

49.1

50.9

25.0

25.8

24.1

24.8

30.2

38.5

24.8

6.5

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

1,555

100

85

85

49.7

50.3

31.6

26.5

22.0

19.3

33.6

44.4

13.6

8.4

Chicago, IL

1,907

84

82

69

52.1

47.9

28.7

28.6

21.6

20.6

9.0

46.1

40.4

4.5

Dallas, TX

1,152

100

61

61

50.4

49.6

31.9

24.6

22.4

20.9

3.7

25.1

68.2

3.0

Detroit, MI

2,237

100

86

86

52.7

47.3

25.4

28.2

22.4

23.3

0.2

95.9

2.1

1.8

District of Columbia

1,396

100

74

74

51.3

48.7

31.1

25.1

23.0

20.3

10.6

64.6

10.6

14.2

Duval County, FL

3,336

100

76

76

50.2

49.8

28.3

27.2

22.8

21.3

41.1

46.1

7.5

5.3

Houston, TX

2,182

100

86

86

49.3

50.7

29.8

25.2

22.8

22.1

8.8

29.5

57.0

4.7

Los Angeles, CA

1,767

100

86

86

48.0

52.0

35.0

25.8

21.5

17.1

8.6

11.1

73.6

6.7

Memphis, TN

1,466

100

71

71

50.2

49.8

27.3

25.6

24.2

22.8

6.8

86.6

3.1

3.5

Miami-Dade County, FL

2,302

98

76

75

50.2

49.8

27.2

26.0

22.8

23.6

9.4

24.6

64.1

1.8

Milwaukee, WI

1,862

100

71

71

49.0

51.0

31.5

23.3

25.2

19.0

11.9

62.1

19.9

6.1

New York City, NY

11,570

93

79

73

50.0

50.0

29.7

27.2

22.1

20.5

14.1

34.6

35.4

15.9

Orange County, FL

1,524

95

84

80

49.9

50.1

27.0

26.1

24.0

22.7

41.8

20.4

31.7

6.1

Palm Beach County, FL

2,198

96

78

75

49.7

50.3

26.4

25.9

23.4

23.9

40.7

27.9

24.9

6.4

Philadelphia, PA

1,539

94

78

73

50.9

49.1

28.1

26.5

22.8

22.4

13.1

61.1

16.3

9.5

San Bernardino, CA

1,430

100

80

80

49.6

50.4

28.3

26.9

23.7

21.0

10.7

15.8

68.8

4.6

San Diego, CA

1,529

100

86

86

48.7

51.3

27.7

26.1

23.7

22.4

23.7

11.9

42.6

21.8

San Francisco, CA

2,220

95

77

74

49.3

50.7

25.3

26.0

24.4

23.4

8.5

9.9

21.1

60.5

Seattle, WA

1,896

100

84

84

47.9

52.1

28.8

25.7

22.7

21.9

40.0

22.5

6.3

31.2

* Weighted population estimates for the United States and each site.

Non-Hispanic.

§ American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander, and multiple race (non-Hispanic).


TABLE 3. Percentage of high school students who rarely or never wore a bicycle helmet* and who rarely or never wore a seat belt, by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Rarely or never wore a bicycle helmet

Rarely or never wore a seat belt

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White

83.9

(79.3–87.7)

87.1

(84.0–89.6)

85.7

(82.1–88.6)

5.1

(4.0–6.6)

7.3

(5.4–9.8)

6.3

(4.8–8.1)

Black

89.4

(84.8–92.7)

94.4

(92.0–96.1)

92.3

(90.2–94.0)

8.0

(6.1–10.4)

12.6

(10.2–15.5)

10.3

(8.5–12.5)

Hispanic

92.0

(89.8–93.7)

92.2

(89.3–94.5)

92.1

(90.0–93.8)

8.4

(6.8–10.3)

10.1

(7.9–12.9)

9.3

(7.7–11.2)

Grade

9

85.8

(82.1–88.8)

87.2

(83.4–90.3)

86.6

(83.3–89.3)

8.4

(6.7–10.5)

10.3

(8.2–13.0)

9.5

(7.8–11.4)

10

85.2

(80.1–89.1)

87.9

(85.2–90.1)

86.7

(83.6–89.2)

5.9

(4.6–7.6)

9.0

(7.0–11.4)

7.5

(6.2–9.1)

11

85.7

(80.5–89.7)

89.2

(85.7–91.9)

87.7

(84.2–90.4)

4.9

(3.5–6.9)

7.0

(5.6–8.8)

6.0

(4.8–7.5)

12

87.3

(84.1–89.9)

92.0

(90.0–93.6)

89.9

(88.0–91.5)

5.5

(4.1–7.4)

8.5

(6.3–11.5)

7.1

(5.5–9.0)

Total

85.9

(82.6–88.6)

88.8

(86.5–90.7)

87.5

(85.0–89.7)

6.3

(5.3–7.6)

8.9

(7.4–10.7)

7.7

(6.5–9.1)

* Among the 70.2% of students nationwide who had ridden a bicycle during the 12 months before the survey.

When riding in a car driven by someone else.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 4. Percentage of high school students who rarely or never wore a bicycle helmet* and who rarely or never wore a seat belt, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Rarely or never wore a bicycle helmet

Rarely or never wore a seat belt

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

93.7

(91.1–95.6)

90.9

(85.6–94.3)

92.1

(88.5–94.6)

8.9

(5.8–13.5)

15.0

(13.0–17.3)

12.1

(9.9–14.9)

Alaska

72.4

(65.3–78.5)

72.3

(67.7–76.4)

72.3

(68.0–76.2)

7.2

(4.5–11.3)

10.0

(7.3–13.4)

8.7

(6.3–11.8)

Arizona

84.3

(77.7–89.2)

87.0

(81.3–91.2)

85.7

(80.4–89.7)

13.7

(10.5–17.7)

15.3

(12.0–19.4)

14.6

(11.8–17.9)

Arkansas

94.4

(91.3–96.5)

92.6

(89.2–95.0)

93.1

(91.3–94.6)

9.4

(7.0–12.6)

18.9

(13.8–25.3)

14.4

(11.3–18.2)

Colorado

Connecticut

7.3

(5.5–9.6)

10.9

(9.3–12.8)

9.2

(7.8–10.8)

Delaware

86.4

(82.7–89.4)

89.8

(87.2–91.8)

88.3

(85.9–90.3)

3.4

(2.5–4.7)

7.9

(6.3–10.0)

5.7

(4.7–6.9)

Florida

89.6

(88.0–91.0)

89.8

(88.0–91.3)

89.7

(88.3–90.9)

6.8

(5.8–7.9)

10.6

(9.1–12.3)

8.8

(7.8–9.9)

Georgia

86.7

(75.3–93.3)

87.7

(81.5–92.1)

87.1

(79.3–92.3)

12.0

(7.5–18.6)

13.2

(8.8–19.4)

12.8

(8.5–18.8)

Hawaii

86.8

(83.0–89.8)

88.5

(85.9–90.7)

87.6

(85.4–89.5)

Idaho

85.6

(81.4–89.0)

83.0

(78.9–86.5)

84.3

(81.1–87.0)

6.8

(4.9–9.5)

8.9

(6.8–11.6)

7.9

(6.3–9.9)

Illinois

91.8

(88.4–94.2)

93.6

(90.5–95.7)

92.7

(90.1–94.6)

5.9

(4.6–7.5)

8.1

(6.4–10.1)

7.0

(5.9–8.4)

Indiana

92.4

(89.7–94.5)

93.9

(90.4–96.2)

93.3

(90.5–95.3)

6.0

(4.4–8.3)

11.1

(9.0–13.6)

8.6

(7.0–10.6)

Iowa

87.4

(81.0–91.8)

89.4

(83.2–93.5)

88.5

(83.6–92.1)

2.2

(1.2–4.1)

6.2

(4.0–9.5)

4.4

(2.9–6.6)

Kansas

82.9

(76.6–87.8)

89.0

(82.9–93.0)

86.2

(81.5–89.8)

4.2

(2.8–6.2)

11.8

(9.2–14.9)

8.1

(6.4–10.2)

Kentucky

93.5

(89.1–96.2)

94.9

(91.7–96.9)

94.0

(91.6–95.8)

8.8

(6.6–11.7)

15.7

(12.6–19.3)

12.4

(10.4–14.7)

Louisiana

96.7

(93.5–98.3)

94.4

(89.3–97.2)

95.1

(90.7–97.5)

4.6

(2.3–9.0)

16.5

(11.1–23.9)

10.5

(8.2–13.5)

Maine

61.1

(55.3–66.7)

70.7

(66.6–74.4)

66.4

(61.8–70.8)

6.2

(5.2–7.3)

10.2

(8.7–12.0)

8.4

(7.2–9.6)

Maryland

78.8

(71.9–84.4)

81.4

(73.2–87.5)

80.4

(73.9–85.6)

10.0

(6.5–15.0)

12.9

(9.3–17.7)

11.8

(8.3–16.3)

Massachusetts

10.3

(7.5–14.0)

16.4

(13.4–20.0)

13.5

(10.8–16.9)

Michigan

89.0

(86.2–91.3)

89.8

(85.2–93.1)

89.4

(86.0–92.1)

3.7

(2.7–4.9)

7.9

(6.2–10.0)

5.9

(4.8–7.2)

Mississippi

93.4

(89.9–95.7)

96.6

(94.8–97.8)

95.1

(93.4–96.4)

7.7

(6.7–9.0)

17.5

(14.2–21.4)

12.6

(10.6–14.8)

Montana

80.2

(77.3–82.8)

82.1

(79.5–84.4)

81.2

(79.1–83.2)

8.2

(7.1–9.5)

14.0

(11.9–16.4)

11.2

(9.8–12.8)

Nebraska

91.1

(88.4–93.2)

91.0

(89.1–92.6)

91.0

(89.3–92.5)

12.3

(10.1–14.9)

18.8

(16.4–21.3)

15.7

(13.8–17.6)

New Hampshire

59.1

(53.7–64.3)

66.5

(61.9–70.8)

63.2

(59.8–66.5)

9.0

(6.7–12.0)

12.3

(9.6–15.5)

10.7

(8.7–13.1)

New Jersey

8.1

(5.9–11.1)

12.5

(9.9–15.7)

10.5

(8.2–13.3)

New Mexico

84.0

(78.9–88.1)

88.1

(84.7–90.8)

86.3

(82.3–89.6)

6.1

(5.2–7.2)

9.7

(8.3–11.2)

8.0

(6.9–9.1)

New York

80.8

(77.1–84.0)

86.0

(83.4–88.3)

83.6

(80.8–86.0)

North Carolina

85.9

(78.4–91.0)

87.4

(80.7–92.1)

86.8

(80.5–91.3)

5.0

(3.7–6.8)

10.9

(9.0–13.1)

8.1

(6.6–9.7)

North Dakota

10.0

(7.8–12.6)

16.6

(13.7–19.9)

13.4

(11.2–15.9)

Ohio

13.9

(10.5–18.1)

19.3

(15.9–23.3)

16.7

(13.8–20.1)

Oklahoma

91.2

(87.0–94.2)

94.7

(91.9–96.6)

93.1

(90.8–94.9)

4.9

(3.3–7.1)

11.5

(8.9–14.8)

8.2

(6.5–10.4)

Rhode Island

72.7

(63.5–80.3)

81.0

(75.4–85.5)

77.5

(70.9–82.9)

7.5

(5.4–10.3)

12.4

(9.6–15.9)

10.1

(7.7–13.2)

South Carolina

90.8

(85.6–94.3)

94.7

(91.3–96.8)

92.7

(89.3–95.1)

South Dakota

14.7

(10.7–20.0)

25.2

(20.9–30.1)

20.1

(16.6–24.2)

Tennessee

88.2

(84.4–91.1)

89.9

(84.9–93.4)

89.1

(85.3–92.0)

7.2

(5.6–9.2)

13.7

(11.0–17.1)

10.5

(8.7–12.7)

Texas

90.3

(87.6–92.4)

93.1

(90.9–94.9)

91.9

(89.7–93.7)

6.5

(5.4–7.9)

9.4

(7.6–11.6)

8.0

(6.7–9.6)

Utah

76.0

(72.0–79.5)

78.8

(75.3–82.0)

77.7

(74.7–80.5)

4.8

(3.2–7.1)

8.1

(6.1–10.6)

6.5

(5.1–8.1)

Vermont

49.4

(41.7–57.2)

55.1

(45.1–64.7)

52.7

(43.7–61.5)

4.9

(3.5–6.8)

7.8

(6.2–9.8)

6.4

(4.9–8.4)

Virginia

85.6

(80.9–89.3)

88.5

(84.9–91.3)

87.1

(83.7–89.8)

5.8

(4.6–7.3)

8.7

(6.4–11.7)

7.3

(5.9–8.8)

West Virginia

83.6

(76.0–89.2)

87.4

(81.5–91.7)

85.8

(79.9–90.2)

10.4

(8.0–13.5)

17.1

(13.7–21.0)

13.8

(11.3–16.8)

Wisconsin

7.8

(5.8–10.3)

12.7

(10.4–15.4)

10.3

(8.4–12.6)

Wyoming

81.3

(76.9–85.1)

85.4

(82.6–87.9)

83.6

(81.1–85.8)

10.9

(9.2–12.9)

20.3

(17.6–23.4)

15.8

(13.9–17.9)

Median

86.4

88.5

87.1

7.3

12.4

10.3

Range

49.4–96.7

55.1–96.6

52.7–95.1

2.2–14.7

6.2–25.2

4.4–20.1


TABLE 4. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who rarely or never wore a bicycle helmet* and who rarely or never wore a seat belt, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Rarely or never wore a bicycle helmet

Rarely or never wore a seat belt

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

90.6

(85.3–94.1)

92.4

(87.1–95.6)

91.6

(87.8–94.4)

18.0

(14.6–21.9)

29.5

(24.9–34.5)

23.8

(21.2–26.6)

Broward County, FL

87.3

(84.0–90.1)

90.8

(88.1–93.0)

89.3

(87.0–91.2)

6.4

(4.8–8.5)

10.2

(8.2–12.6)

8.4

(7.2–9.8)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

8.8

(6.3–12.1)

13.5

(11.1–16.4)

11.3

(9.2–13.7)

Chicago, IL

93.9

(90.1–96.3)

95.8

(93.6–97.2)

94.3

(92.0–96.0)

11.1

(8.5–14.3)

16.6

(13.7–19.8)

13.9

(11.6–16.6)

Dallas, TX

93.4

(90.1–95.7)

93.9

(90.3–96.2)

93.7

(91.3–95.5)

6.1

(3.8–9.8)

8.9

(6.1–12.8)

7.6

(5.4–10.6)

Detroit, MI

72.1

(65.4–78.0)

91.0

(86.7–94.0)

82.3

(78.1–85.8)

8.3

(6.7–10.3)

18.2

(14.4–22.7)

13.2

(11.1–15.5)

District of Columbia

8.3

(6.5–10.6)

13.1

(10.2–16.8)

10.9

(8.9–13.3)

Duval County, FL

87.9

(85.3–90.1)

91.2

(88.9–93.1)

89.7

(88.0–91.2)

10.3

(8.6–12.3)

15.2

(13.0–17.7)

12.9

(11.4–14.5)

Houston, TX

88.1

(83.7–91.4)

91.3

(88.8–93.3)

89.9

(87.3–92.0)

9.0

(7.0–11.4)

11.2

(9.3–13.5)

10.1

(8.5–11.9)

Los Angeles, CA

86.9

(81.2–91.1)

87.3

(81.1–91.6)

86.8

(81.5–90.8)

4.6

(3.1–6.8)

6.7

(3.8–11.5)

5.9

(4.4–7.9)

Memphis, TN

92.0

(88.7–94.4)

91.1

(88.0–93.5)

91.5

(89.4–93.2)

5.7

(4.0–8.0)

8.9

(7.0–11.4)

7.3

(6.0–8.8)

Miami-Dade County, FL

89.8

(87.1–92.1)

90.8

(87.4–93.4)

90.4

(88.1–92.3)

9.4

(7.4–11.8)

14.5

(11.9–17.5)

12.0

(10.2–14.0)

Milwaukee, WI

21.6

(18.5–25.0)

26.4

(22.6–30.5)

24.0

(21.4–26.8)

New York City, NY

86.0

(82.5–88.8)

89.0

(86.9–90.8)

87.6

(85.0–89.7)

Orange County, FL

87.5

(83.0–91.0)

89.1

(85.5–91.8)

88.4

(85.4–90.8)

5.6

(4.0–7.8)

8.9

(7.2–11.1)

7.2

(6.0–8.8)

Palm Beach County, FL

86.3

(83.7–88.5)

91.6

(88.8–93.7)

89.2

(87.1–91.0)

6.9

(5.3–9.1)

10.0

(7.7–12.9)

8.4

(6.8–10.5)

Philadelphia, PA

90.3

(86.2–93.2)

93.5

(90.7–95.6)

92.1

(89.4–94.1)

23.8

(20.5–27.4)

27.6

(23.6–32.0)

25.8

(22.8–29.0)

San Bernardino, CA

87.6

(84.0–90.4)

92.1

(88.4–94.7)

90.2

(87.8–92.1)

6.2

(4.6–8.4)

5.1

(3.4–7.5)

5.6

(4.3–7.3)

San Diego, CA

73.6

(67.8–78.8)

79.1

(73.2–84.1)

76.8

(71.8–81.1)

3.3

(2.1–5.1)

4.9

(3.4–7.0)

4.1

(3.0–5.6)

San Francisco, CA

52.4

(46.3–58.5)

64.2

(58.5–69.5)

59.3

(54.8–63.5)

11.9

(8.5–16.3)

11.8

(8.9–15.3)

12.2

(9.6–15.5)

Seattle, WA

Median

87.6

91.1

89.7

8.3

11.8

10.9

Range

52.4–93.9

64.2–95.8

59.3–94.3

3.3–23.8

4.9–29.5

4.1–25.8

* Among students who had ridden a bicycle during the 12 months before the survey.

When riding in a car driven by someone else.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Not available.


TABLE 5. Percentage of high school students who rode in a car or other vehicle driven by someone who had been drinking alcohol* and who drove a car or other vehicle when they had been drinking alcohol,* by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Rode with a driver who had been drinking alcohol

Drove when drinking alcohol

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White§

23.8

(21.9–25.9)

20.5

(18.5–22.6)

22.1

(20.7–23.5)

7.0

(5.8–8.4)

8.9

(8.1–9.8)

8.0

(7.3–8.8)

Black§

23.2

(20.2–26.4)

22.5

(19.8–25.4)

22.8

(20.9–24.9)

4.0

(2.9–5.5)

7.8

(5.8–10.4)

5.9

(4.6–7.5)

Hispanic

30.7

(27.4–34.2)

30.7

(27.2–34.5)

30.7

(27.8–33.7)

7.8

(6.3–9.7)

11.5

(9.7–13.6)

9.7

(8.5–11.2)

Grade

9

22.9

(20.3–25.7)

20.7

(18.5–23.0)

21.8

(20.0–23.7)

3.3

(2.4–4.5)

6.1

(4.7–7.9)

4.7

(3.8–5.9)

10

23.5

(21.0–26.1)

23.1

(20.3–26.1)

23.3

(21.5–25.2)

5.2

(4.1–6.5)

6.0

(4.6–7.8)

5.6

(4.6–6.8)

11

25.2

(21.8–29.0)

22.4

(20.1–24.8)

23.8

(21.6–26.1)

7.8

(5.9–10.2)

10.4

(8.9–12.2)

9.1

(7.7–10.8)

12

28.0

(25.5–30.7)

27.4

(24.6–30.3)

27.7

(25.7–29.7)

11.2

(8.9–14.0)

16.0

(14.0–18.1)

13.6

(12.3–15.1)

Total

24.9

(23.4–26.4)

23.3

(21.8–25.0)

24.1

(22.9–25.3)

6.7

(5.8–7.7)

9.5

(8.6–10.4)

8.2

(7.6–8.8)

* One or more times during the 30 days before the survey.

95% confidence interval.

§ Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 6. Percentage of high school students who rode in a car or other vehicle driven by someone who had been drinking alcohol* and who drove a car or other vehicle when they had been drinking alcohol,* by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Rode with a driver who had been drinking alcohol

Drove when drinking alcohol

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

24.2

(20.3–28.6)

24.4

(18.1–32.0)

24.4

(19.7–29.9)

7.8

(6.0–10.2)

12.0

(9.3–15.4)

9.9

(7.8–12.5)

Alaska

18.1

(14.0–23.1)

18.9

(16.0–22.3)

18.6

(16.1–21.5)

4.7

(2.8–7.8)

6.4

(4.9–8.4)

5.6

(4.4–7.2)

Arizona

§

8.3

(6.3–11.0)

10.2

(8.4–12.3)

9.3

(7.8–11.1)

Arkansas

25.5

(20.7–30.9)

25.4

(20.6–30.7)

25.6

(21.4–30.2)

6.3

(4.0–9.9)

11.2

(8.3–15.0)

8.9

(6.9–11.3)

Colorado

22.3

(18.3–27.0)

20.8

(17.8–24.3)

21.8

(18.8–25.1)

3.7

(2.6–5.1)

7.5

(4.7–11.6)

5.8

(4.2–7.9)

Connecticut

25.4

(22.3–28.8)

25.0

(21.1–29.4)

25.2

(22.1–28.5)

4.6

(3.5–6.1)

9.1

(7.3–11.2)

6.9

(5.8–8.1)

Delaware

24.7

(21.7–27.9)

24.9

(21.5–28.5)

24.9

(22.1–27.8)

7.2

(5.7–9.2)

8.8

(7.0–11.0)

8.0

(6.7–9.4)

Florida

25.2

(23.6–27.0)

22.6

(21.4–23.8)

24.0

(22.9–25.0)

6.7

(5.8–7.8)

11.3

(10.0–12.7)

9.1

(8.1–10.1)

Georgia

23.7

(17.9–30.7)

24.6

(20.1–29.7)

24.3

(19.5–29.9)

4.6

(2.8–7.3)

8.6

(6.7–11.1)

6.8

(5.3–8.7)

Hawaii

Idaho

19.1

(15.6–23.1)

22.5

(18.7–26.7)

20.8

(17.6–24.4)

5.9

(4.6–7.6)

10.4

(7.6–14.1)

8.2

(6.4–10.4)

Illinois

27.9

(25.1–30.9)

24.1

(21.9–26.5)

26.0

(24.0–28.1)

5.4

(4.1–7.2)

9.9

(7.9–12.5)

7.7

(6.1–9.7)

Indiana

21.1

(17.5–25.2)

22.2

(18.3–26.7)

21.7

(18.7–25.0)

3.7

(2.5–5.5)

6.9

(5.3–8.9)

5.3

(4.1–6.8)

Iowa

22.8

(19.7–26.3)

24.7

(18.5–32.2)

23.8

(20.4–27.7)

7.9

(5.8–10.7)

12.8

(8.7–18.4)

10.5

(8.3–13.2)

Kansas

24.8

(21.5–28.3)

22.8

(19.3–26.7)

23.8

(21.4–26.3)

8.4

(6.2–11.3)

9.1

(7.5–10.9)

8.7

(7.2–10.5)

Kentucky

19.5

(16.4–23.0)

20.4

(16.8–24.5)

20.2

(17.5–23.2)

4.3

(3.0–6.2)

9.1

(6.9–11.9)

6.9

(5.6–8.5)

Louisiana

30.0

(26.1–34.3)

33.7

(27.9–39.9)

32.1

(28.7–35.6)

9.5

(6.5–13.6)

13.8

(9.4–19.8)

11.7

(9.0–15.1)

Maine

Maryland

26.0

(21.9–30.7)

25.2

(21.7–29.0)

25.9

(22.4–29.6)

7.0

(5.3–9.2)

7.9

(6.1–10.1)

7.7

(6.4–9.2)

Massachusetts

22.5

(19.8–25.3)

23.2

(20.5–26.2)

22.9

(20.7–25.4)

4.9

(3.8–6.4)

8.0

(6.9–9.4)

6.5

(5.6–7.6)

Michigan

20.7

(18.2–23.4)

22.7

(20.6–25.0)

21.7

(19.7–23.8)

4.8

(3.6–6.5)

7.0

(5.7–8.5)

6.0

(5.0–7.1)

Mississippi

27.3

(23.9–30.9)

27.2

(23.8–31.0)

27.3

(24.8–30.0)

6.1

(4.5–8.3)

13.8

(9.9–19.0)

10.0

(7.4–13.3)

Montana

26.5

(24.1–29.1)

25.7

(23.6–27.9)

26.1

(24.1–28.1)

9.6

(8.3–11.2)

11.6

(10.1–13.2)

10.6

(9.5–11.8)

Nebraska

26.1

(23.1–29.4)

21.7

(19.3–24.4)

23.9

(21.7–26.3)

6.9

(5.2–9.1)

7.2

(5.5–9.4)

7.2

(5.7–9.1)

New Hampshire

21.5

(18.2–25.2)

23.8

(20.7–27.2)

22.7

(20.3–25.2)

7.2

(5.1–10.1)

9.9

(7.4–13.2)

8.6

(6.9–10.6)

New Jersey

23.0

(20.5–25.8)

19.7

(15.6–24.5)

21.4

(19.0–23.9)

6.0

(4.0–9.0)

6.8

(4.8–9.5)

6.4

(4.6–9.0)

New Mexico

27.1

(24.1–30.4)

24.6

(21.7–27.7)

25.8

(23.2–28.7)

8.2

(6.8–9.9)

10.4

(8.8–12.3)

9.3

(8.1–10.8)

New York

3.9

(2.8–5.4)

6.9

(5.1–9.2)

5.4

(4.5–6.5)

North Carolina

20.1

(17.8–22.6)

21.8

(19.0–25.0)

21.0

(18.9–23.2)

4.0

(3.1–5.1)

8.6

(6.8–10.7)

6.3

(5.3–7.5)

North Dakota

26.5

(22.7–30.7)

23.6

(20.7–26.7)

25.1

(22.7–27.7)

11.6

(9.1–14.7)

11.8

(9.5–14.6)

11.7

(9.7–14.1)

Ohio

21.5

(18.2–25.3)

20.5

(15.7–26.5)

21.0

(17.5–25.0)

5.5

(3.8–7.7)

8.8

(6.9–11.3)

7.2

(5.8–9.0)

Oklahoma

19.0

(15.2–23.4)

20.5

(15.9–25.9)

19.7

(16.8–23.0)

4.5

(2.3–8.6)

10.1

(6.9–14.4)

7.2

(5.0–10.3)

Rhode Island

21.5

(19.1–24.0)

22.3

(19.1–25.8)

21.9

(19.4–24.6)

5.5

(4.3–6.9)

7.3

(5.9–9.1)

6.5

(5.3–7.9)

South Carolina

24.6

(20.1–29.7)

27.6

(23.2–32.6)

26.3

(22.9–30.1)

7.9

(6.2–10.2)

14.0

(10.6–18.3)

11.1

(8.9–13.6)

South Dakota

23.0

(18.4–28.4)

23.3

(18.9–28.5)

23.2

(19.2–27.9)

7.7

(6.2–9.6)

14.0

(10.5–18.5)

10.9

(8.7–13.7)

Tennessee

19.8

(16.7–23.3)

20.6

(18.4–23.1)

20.3

(18.2–22.4)

5.3

(4.1–6.8)

10.0

(7.8–12.8)

7.7

(6.3–9.4)

Texas

32.3

(29.2–35.6)

32.0

(27.6–36.7)

32.2

(28.8–35.7)

8.3

(7.0–9.8)

11.9

(9.8–14.4)

10.2

(8.8–11.7)

Utah

11.7

(9.0–15.3)

14.4

(11.4–18.1)

13.5

(10.9–16.5)

2.3

(1.3–3.9)

5.2

(3.6–7.3)

4.0

(3.0–5.4)

Vermont

20.6

(18.7–22.5)

20.9

(19.1–22.7)

20.7

(19.3–22.3)

5.1

(3.7–7.0)

8.9

(7.6–10.4)

7.1

(6.1–8.3)

Virginia

20.2

(17.6–23.2)

19.6

(15.7–24.2)

20.0

(17.4–22.9)

4.9

(3.4–7.0)

6.5

(4.5–9.3)

5.7

(4.4–7.3)

West Virginia

17.5

(14.4–21.1)

19.9

(16.7–23.5)

18.7

(16.1–21.7)

4.1

(2.8–6.2)

9.1

(7.6–10.9)

6.7

(5.6–8.0)

Wisconsin

21.8

(18.7–25.1)

24.0

(20.8–27.5)

22.9

(20.8–25.2)

7.8

(6.0–10.1)

9.5

(7.4–12.1)

8.7

(7.2–10.5)

Wyoming

25.4

(22.8–28.3)

26.0

(23.1–29.1)

25.7

(23.5–28.0)

10.3

(8.3–12.6)

13.0

(10.9–15.5)

11.7

(10.1–13.5)

Median

23.0

23.2

23.2

6.0

9.1

7.7

Range

11.7–32.3

14.4–33.7

13.5–32.2

2.3–11.6

5.2–14.0

4.0–11.7


TABLE 6. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who rode in a car or other vehicle driven by someone who had been drinking alcohol* and who drove a car or other vehicle when they had been drinking alcohol,* by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Rode with a driver who had been drinking alcohol

Drove when drinking alcohol

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

22.7

(18.8–27.2)

21.4

(17.1–26.5)

22.0

(19.2–25.0)

4.9

(2.8–8.5)

6.1

(4.0–9.2)

5.5

(4.1–7.4)

Broward County, FL

23.8

(20.7–27.1)

24.8

(21.9–27.9)

24.4

(22.1–27.0)

5.2

(3.9–7.0)

11.3

(8.9–14.3)

8.5

(7.0–10.4)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

23.1

(20.2–26.2)

23.9

(20.3–27.9)

23.8

(21.5–26.1)

5.5

(4.0–7.4)

10.5

(8.5–13.0)

8.1

(6.7–9.9)

Chicago, IL

33.1

(29.6–36.9)

33.3

(30.0–36.7)

33.2

(30.7–35.7)

4.8

(3.2–7.1)

10.7

(8.8–12.9)

7.6

(6.3–9.2)

Dallas, TX

32.2

(27.5–37.3)

36.2

(32.3–40.3)

34.2

(31.1–37.4)

6.9

(4.8–9.9)

9.9

(7.3–13.4)

8.3

(6.4–10.7)

Detroit, MI

25.3

(21.9–29.0)

26.9

(23.2–30.9)

26.2

(23.4–29.1)

2.9

(1.9–4.3)

4.7

(3.0–7.3)

3.9

(2.9–5.2)

District of Columbia

23.6

(20.6–26.9)

22.2

(18.9–25.8)

22.8

(20.8–24.9)

2.9

(1.9–4.3)

7.5

(5.5–10.2)

5.4

(4.1–7.2)

Duval County, FL

28.4

(25.8–31.1)

27.6

(25.3–30.1)

28.2

(26.4–30.1)

8.4

(6.8–10.2)

9.1

(7.5–11.1)

8.9

(7.7–10.2)

Houston, TX

31.9

(28.5–35.5)

31.4

(28.0–35.0)

31.7

(29.2–34.3)

6.2

(4.9–7.9)

9.5

(7.4–12.1)

8.0

(6.6–9.6)

Los Angeles, CA

23.0

(19.8–26.4)

25.1

(22.3–28.3)

24.3

(21.6–27.2)

2.6

(1.7–4.2)

8.5

(5.4–13.1)

5.9

(4.1–8.5)

Memphis, TN

21.2

(18.2–24.5)

21.3

(18.1–24.9)

21.3

(18.9–24.0)

2.4

(1.5–3.7)

3.4

(2.1–5.5)

2.9

(2.0–4.3)

Miami-Dade County, FL

28.4

(25.0–32.0)

24.1

(20.5–28.1)

26.2

(23.6–29.0)

6.4

(5.0–8.1)

9.0

(6.6–12.0)

7.7

(6.3–9.3)

Milwaukee, WI

24.1

(21.0–27.5)

21.8

(18.4–25.6)

23.2

(20.7–25.9)

3.1

(2.1–4.4)

5.7

(4.2–7.8)

4.5

(3.5–5.8)

New York City, NY

1.9

(1.3–2.6)

3.6

(3.0–4.5)

2.9

(2.3–3.5)

Orange County, FL

24.2

(20.2–28.6)

24.1

(21.0–27.6)

24.1

(21.3–27.1)

5.9

(4.2–8.2)

10.1

(7.7–13.2)

8.0

(6.4–9.9)

Palm Beach County, FL

31.4

(28.4–34.5)

25.9

(23.1–29.0)

28.7

(26.5–31.0)

9.9

(7.8–12.6)

13.7

(11.2–16.6)

11.9

(10.0–14.1)

Philadelphia, PA

23.3

(20.3–26.5)

21.4

(18.2–24.8)

22.2

(19.8–24.7)

3.9

(2.8–5.5)

5.3

(3.6–7.7)

4.7

(3.6–6.0)

San Bernardino, CA

30.1

(26.2–34.3)

29.8

(25.3–34.7)

29.9

(26.8–33.2)

4.5

(3.0–6.5)

8.7

(6.7–11.2)

6.6

(5.2–8.2)

San Diego, CA

24.0

(20.0–28.5)

23.8

(20.4–27.6)

24.0

(21.1–27.0)

5.0

(3.5–7.1)

8.7

(6.7–11.1)

6.8

(5.5–8.5)

San Francisco, CA

17.9

(15.3–20.7)

16.9

(14.2–20.2)

17.6

(15.6–19.9)

3.5

(2.3–5.3)

5.0

(3.4–7.5)

4.5

(3.2–6.1)

Seattle, WA

19.8

(16.6–23.4)

22.1

(18.4–26.2)

21.1

(18.4–24.1)

4.3

(3.1–6.0)

8.8

(6.7–11.3)

6.9

(5.6–8.5)

Median

24.0

24.1

24.2

4.8

8.7

6.8

Range

17.9–33.1

16.9–36.2

17.6–34.2

1.9–9.9

3.4–13.7

2.9–11.9

* One or more times during the 30 days before the survey.

95% confidence interval.

§ Not available.


TABLE 7. Percentage of high school students who texted or e-mailed while driving a car or other vehicle* by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White§

35.4

(31.5–39.4)

36.9

(33.6–40.3)

36.2

(32.8–39.7)

Black§

19.0

(14.9–24.0)

29.3

(26.1–32.8)

24.1

(20.7–27.9)

Hispanic

26.3

(22.8–30.2)

35.2

(32.0–38.6)

30.9

(28.0–34.0)

Grade

9

9.4

(7.5–11.7)

13.9

(11.5–16.6)

11.7

(9.9–13.8)

10

20.6

(16.5–25.4)

25.6

(22.5–28.9)

23.2

(20.0–26.8)

11

40.6

(34.4–47.2)

45.0

(40.7–49.5)

42.9

(37.9–48.0)

12

55.9

(51.0–60.7)

60.0

(54.6–65.2)

58.0

(53.6–62.4)

Total

30.4

(27.5–33.6)

34.9

(32.6–37.3)

32.8

(30.3–35.3)

* On at least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey.

95% confidence interval.

§ Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 8. Percentage of high school students who carried a weapon*,† and who carried a gun, by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Carried a weapon

Carried a gun

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White

6.2

(5.2–7.5)

27.2

(23.7–31.1)

17.0

(15.0–19.3)

1.1

(0.7–1.8)

7.2

(5.8–8.9)

4.3

(3.5–5.2)

Black

7.5

(6.0–9.3)

21.0

(18.4–23.9)

14.2

(12.6–16.0)

1.7

(1.1–2.8)

10.3

(8.3–12.9)

6.1

(4.9–7.4)

Hispanic

7.5

(5.7–9.9)

24.5

(22.4–26.6)

16.2

(14.6–17.9)

1.4

(0.8–2.3)

9.2

(7.9–10.8)

5.5

(4.6–6.5)

Grade

9

7.6

(6.2–9.2)

26.6

(23.1–30.4)

17.3

(15.2–19.6)

1.4

(0.9–2.2)

7.7

(6.4–9.2)

4.7

(3.9–5.5)

10

6.1

(4.8–7.6)

26.4

(23.5–29.5)

16.6

(14.9–18.5)

1.6

(1.0–2.5)

9.4

(7.8–11.3)

5.7

(4.8–6.8)

11

6.2

(4.9–7.9)

25.9

(23.2–28.9)

16.2

(14.6–18.0)

1.1

(0.7–1.9)

8.6

(7.2–10.3)

5.0

(4.2–5.9)

12

7.1

(5.7–8.9)

24.1

(20.7–27.8)

15.8

(14.0–17.7)

1.0

(0.6–1.8)

8.2

(6.3–10.6)

4.8

(3.7–6.0)

Total

6.8

(6.1–7.7)

25.9

(23.8–28.2)

16.6

(15.4–18.0)

1.4

(1.1–1.8)

8.6

(7.6–9.7)

5.1

(4.6–5.7)

* For example, a gun, knife, or club.

On at least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 9. Percentage of high school students who carried a weapon*,† and who carried a gun, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Carried a weapon

Carried a gun

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

10.5

(8.4–13.0)

32.0

(26.4–38.2)

21.5

(18.4–24.9)

2.9

(1.7–4.8)

12.9

(9.3–17.6)

8.1

(5.9–10.9)

Alaska

10.5

(8.2–13.2)

27.0

(23.7–30.6)

19.0

(16.7–21.5)

1.6

(0.9–2.8)

7.7

(5.7–10.2)

4.8

(3.6–6.2)

Arizona

7.9

(6.4–9.8)

26.9

(23.3–30.9)

17.5

(15.2–20.0)

2.0

(1.2–3.4)

9.9

(7.3–13.2)

6.0

(4.6–7.9)

Arkansas

7.8

(5.9–10.3)

34.4

(29.6–39.4)

21.1

(17.7–25.0)

2.0

(1.3–3.2)

15.6

(12.8–18.9)

8.8

(7.1–10.7)

Colorado

6.9

(5.1–9.5)

23.4

(19.4–27.9)

15.5

(12.9–18.4)

Connecticut

Delaware

6.6

(4.6–9.2)

20.3

(18.0–22.8)

13.5

(11.8–15.3)

1.3

(0.8–2.1)

7.3

(5.7–9.5)

4.4

(3.5–5.5)

Florida

7.9

(6.6–9.5)

22.9

(21.0–25.1)

15.6

(14.1–17.2)

Georgia

13.0

(8.7–18.9)

32.3

(27.2–37.8)

22.8

(18.5–27.8)

Hawaii

7.7

(6.1–9.7)

20.1

(17.7–22.7)

13.9

(12.4–15.6)

Idaho

9.4

(7.1–12.3)

35.3

(32.1–38.7)

22.8

(20.3–25.6)

Illinois

6.2

(4.8–7.9)

19.0

(16.3–22.0)

12.6

(10.9–14.5)

1.2

(0.7–1.9)

6.0

(4.8–7.4)

3.6

(3.0–4.3)

Indiana

5.4

(4.0–7.2)

28.0

(23.1–33.5)

17.0

(14.2–20.2)

1.0

(0.5–1.8)

8.1

(6.2–10.5)

4.6

(3.6–5.9)

Iowa

3.9

(2.7–5.6)

27.0

(22.9–31.6)

15.8

(13.3–18.7)

0.6

(0.2–1.6)

9.3

(6.5–13.0)

5.1

(3.6–7.2)

Kansas

Kentucky

8.9

(6.6–11.9)

36.4

(31.4–41.7)

22.8

(19.5–26.6)

2.2

(1.4–3.5)

14.7

(11.7–18.2)

8.6

(7.0–10.6)

Louisiana

11.5

(7.2–18.0)

32.9

(28.8–37.2)

22.2

(20.1–24.4)

2.9

(2.0–4.2)

17.9

(14.2–22.3)

10.4

(8.3–12.9)

Maine

Maryland

8.5

(6.8–10.6)

22.9

(19.4–26.9)

15.9

(13.7–18.4)

2.1

(1.3–3.3)

8.9

(6.3–12.4)

5.7

(4.2–7.7)

Massachusetts

4.4

(3.2–6.2)

19.9

(17.2–23.0)

12.3

(10.5–14.4)

0.2

(0.0–0.6)

4.7

(3.9–5.6)

2.5

(2.1–3.1)

Michigan

6.2

(4.4–8.5)

24.8

(21.3–28.8)

15.7

(13.8–17.7)

1.6

(1.2–2.2)

8.3

(7.0–9.8)

5.1

(4.3–6.0)

Mississippi

6.4

(4.8–8.5)

29.9

(25.6–34.6)

18.0

(15.4–21.0)

1.5

(0.9–2.7)

14.3

(12.2–16.6)

7.9

(6.6–9.4)

Montana

9.1

(7.8–10.7)

37.1

(34.1–40.3)

23.5

(21.7–25.5)

2.2

(1.6–2.8)

15.2

(13.3–17.5)

9.0

(7.9–10.2)

Nebraska

6.5

(5.1–8.3)

30.3

(27.2–33.7)

18.6

(16.9–20.4)

2.7

(1.9–3.9)

15.2

(12.7–18.0)

9.1

(7.7–10.6)

New Hampshire

6.0

(4.3–8.3)

22.2

(19.2–25.6)

14.5

(12.6–16.7)

New Jersey

4.7

(3.3–6.5)

14.3

(10.5–19.3)

9.6

(7.4–12.4)

New Mexico

11.9

(10.4–13.7)

33.3

(30.5–36.3)

22.8

(21.0–24.8)

3.3

(2.5–4.2)

13.6

(12.3–15.1)

8.5

(7.6–9.6)

New York

5.8

(4.6–7.4)

19.2

(16.9–21.8)

12.6

(11.2–14.2)

1.3

(0.8–2.1)

7.7

(6.0–9.8)

4.5

(3.6–5.7)

North Carolina

9.6

(7.5–12.1)

32.0

(27.7–36.6)

20.8

(18.4–23.5)

North Dakota

Ohio

7.2

(4.7–10.9)

24.5

(20.6–28.9)

16.4

(13.8–19.5)

Oklahoma

7.8

(5.5–11.1)

31.0

(25.7–37.0)

19.4

(15.8–23.5)

1.4

(0.5–3.8)

10.3

(7.1–14.8)

5.9

(4.1–8.4)

Rhode Island

4.7

(3.7–6.0)

17.4

(14.2–21.0)

11.2

(9.5–13.1)

South Carolina

8.6

(6.4–11.6)

37.8

(32.0–43.9)

23.4

(19.8–27.5)

1.3

(0.9–2.1)

19.0

(15.6–22.9)

10.2

(8.4–12.5)

South Dakota

Tennessee

7.4

(6.2–8.8)

34.4

(30.1–39.0)

21.1

(18.5–24.0)

1.2

(0.7–2.0)

11.6

(9.8–13.6)

6.5

(5.4–7.9)

Texas

7.5

(6.4–8.8)

27.3

(24.7–30.0)

17.6

(16.1–19.1)

1.6

(1.2–2.0)

10.3

(8.4–12.5)

6.0

(5.0–7.3)

Utah

5.6

(3.9–7.9)

27.2

(23.2–31.6)

16.8

(14.0–20.1)

2.1

(1.3–3.6)

9.3

(7.1–12.1)

5.9

(4.5–7.7)

Vermont

Virginia

9.5

(7.4–12.0)

31.2

(26.9–35.8)

20.4

(17.9–23.2)

4.4

(2.9–6.6)

13.6

(10.0–18.3)

9.1

(6.8–12.1)

West Virginia

6.0

(4.5–8.0)

35.0

(29.8–40.5)

20.7

(17.5–24.4)

1.2

(0.5–2.6)

9.8

(7.3–13.0)

5.6

(4.1–7.6)

Wisconsin

3.9

(2.9–5.2)

16.5

(14.2–19.2)

10.4

(9.1–11.8)

0.4

(0.2–1.0)

8.5

(6.3–11.5)

4.6

(3.3–6.2)

Wyoming

13.5

(11.5–15.7)

40.4

(37.0–43.8)

27.1

(24.8–29.6)

5.1

(3.9–6.6)

16.2

(13.9–18.8)

10.8

(9.4–12.5)

Median

7.5

27.3

17.6

1.6

10.3

6.0

Range

3.9–13.5

14.3–40.4

9.6–27.1

0.2–5.1

4.7–19.0

2.5–10.8


TABLE 9. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who carried a weapon*,† and who carried a gun, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Carried a weapon

Carried a gun

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

9.3

(6.5–13.3)

21.5

(17.1–26.7)

15.4

(12.0–19.6)

0.9

(0.3–2.4)

5.8

(3.4–9.7)

3.3

(2.0–5.6)

Broward County, FL

5.3

(3.8–7.4)

17.0

(14.3–20.1)

11.4

(9.6–13.6)

1.5

(0.6–3.4)

6.0

(4.0–8.9)

3.9

(2.5–5.9)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

7.5

(5.8–9.7)

24.4

(21.4–27.6)

15.9

(13.8–18.3)

1.7

(1.0–2.8)

8.9

(6.8–11.7)

5.4

(4.1–7.0)

Chicago, IL

12.5

(9.4–16.4)

21.1

(17.9–24.6)

16.5

(13.8–19.7)

2.0

(1.3–3.1)

9.5

(7.8–11.6)

5.8

(4.6–7.2)

Dallas, TX

6.8

(5.0–9.1)

22.4

(17.6–27.9)

14.4

(11.6–17.7)

1.0

(0.5–2.2)

9.1

(6.8–12.1)

5.0

(3.6–6.8)

Detroit, MI

8.0

(6.2–10.4)

18.2

(14.6–22.5)

13.2

(11.3–15.5)

1.4

(0.8–2.4)

7.3

(5.1–10.3)

4.4

(3.3–5.9)

District of Columbia

13.8

(11.1–17.1)

23.8

(20.2–27.8)

18.9

(16.3–21.7)

2.3

(1.3–4.1)

12.5

(9.9–15.6)

7.5

(5.8–9.7)

Duval County, FL

11.1

(9.5–13.0)

26.5

(24.1–29.1)

18.8

(17.1–20.6)

3.2

(2.4–4.4)

11.1

(9.4–13.0)

7.1

(6.1–8.3)

Houston, TX

6.2

(4.8–8.0)

21.5

(18.8–24.4)

13.9

(12.2–15.9)

1.2

(0.7–2.1)

9.1

(7.1–11.7)

5.3

(4.2–6.7)

Los Angeles, CA

5.7

(4.1–8.0)

18.5

(15.0–22.5)

12.5

(10.3–15.1)

1.6

(0.8–2.9)

6.7

(4.2–10.5)

4.4

(3.0–6.5)

Memphis, TN

6.5

(4.9–8.7)

16.5

(14.2–19.0)

11.4

(9.9–13.1)

1.3

(0.7–2.4)

9.6

(7.8–11.9)

5.5

(4.4–6.7)

Miami-Dade County, FL

6.4

(4.8–8.6)

15.9

(13.2–19.1)

11.1

(9.2–13.4)

2.0

(1.2–3.4)

7.5

(5.7–10.0)

4.8

(3.6–6.3)

Milwaukee, WI

8.0

(6.0–10.8)

21.7

(18.6–25.1)

14.9

(12.8–17.4)

1.4

(0.6–3.1)

12.7

(10.1–15.9)

7.1

(5.6–9.1)

New York City, NY

5.5

(4.5–6.7)

12.5

(11.2–14.0)

9.1

(8.2–10.1)

0.7

(0.5–1.1)

3.8

(3.1–4.7)

2.3

(1.9–2.8)

Orange County, FL

7.5

(5.5–10.3)

20.2

(17.1–23.7)

13.8

(11.9–15.9)

2.0

(1.3–3.2)

6.9

(5.0–9.6)

4.4

(3.4–5.8)

Palm Beach County, FL

7.9

(6.3–9.9)

20.4

(17.4–23.6)

14.2

(12.4–16.2)

3.0

(2.0–4.5)

7.0

(5.3–9.3)

5.1

(4.0–6.5)

Philadelphia, PA

10.2

(8.1–12.7)

20.7

(17.3–24.6)

15.6

(13.5–17.9)

1.5

(0.7–2.9)

9.0

(6.9–11.6)

5.4

(4.3–6.7)

San Bernardino, CA

6.4

(4.8–8.5)

19.8

(15.9–24.3)

13.1

(10.9–15.5)

0.9

(0.4–1.8)

7.4

(5.2–10.6)

4.2

(3.0–5.8)

San Diego, CA

6.2

(4.4–8.6)

17.9

(15.4–20.8)

12.2

(10.6–14.1)

0.8

(0.4–1.9)

6.6

(4.6–9.4)

3.9

(2.7–5.4)

San Francisco, CA

6.7

(5.1–8.8)

14.8

(12.2–17.7)

11.4

(9.4–13.6)

1.9

(1.1–3.1)

6.0

(4.2–8.6)

4.3

(3.2–5.8)

Seattle, WA

2.1

(1.4–3.3)

7.9

(6.1–10.3)

5.3

(4.2–6.7)

Median

7.1

20.3

13.8

1.5

7.5

5.0

Range

5.3–13.8

12.5–26.5

9.1–18.9

0.7–3.2

3.8–12.7

2.3–7.5

* For example, a gun, knife, or club.

On at least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Not available.


TABLE 10. Percentage of high school students who carried a weapon on school property*,† and who were threatened or injured with a weapon on school property,†,§ by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Carried a weapon on school property

Threatened or injured with a weapon on school property

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White**

2.3

(1.8–2.8)

7.8

(6.5–9.3)

5.1

(4.4–6.0)

4.2

(3.3–5.2)

8.0

(7.2–8.8)

6.1

(5.5–6.9)

Black**

2.5

(1.6–3.8)

6.7

(4.8–9.2)

4.6

(3.4–6.1)

6.6

(5.0–8.6)

11.2

(8.8–14.2)

8.9

(7.7–10.3)

Hispanic

2.6

(1.8–3.8)

8.8

(6.6–11.6)

5.8

(4.6–7.4)

6.0

(4.9–7.4)

12.1

(9.8–14.9)

9.2

(7.7–11.0)

Grade

9

2.1

(1.5–3.0)

7.4

(5.7–9.5)

4.8

(3.9–5.9)

6.2

(4.9–7.7)

10.3

(8.6–12.2)

8.3

(7.1–9.7)

10

2.5

(1.8–3.5)

9.4

(7.1–12.3)

6.1

(4.8–7.7)

5.3

(4.2–6.7)

9.7

(8.1–11.6)

7.7

(6.6–8.9)

11

1.8

(1.2–2.6)

7.5

(6.2–9.1)

4.7

(3.9–5.7)

5.3

(4.1–6.7)

9.2

(7.6–11.2)

7.3

(6.1–8.6)

12

2.8

(2.0–3.9)

8.2

(6.5–10.4)

5.6

(4.6–6.7)

3.4

(2.4–4.8)

8.3

(7.0–9.8)

5.9

(5.1–6.9)

Total

2.3

(2.0–2.8)

8.2

(7.1–9.5)

5.4

(4.7–6.1)

5.2

(4.5–6.0)

9.5

(8.7–10.3)

7.4

(6.8–8.1)

* On at least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey.

For example, a gun, knife, or club.

§ One or more times during the 12 months before the survey.

95% confidence interval.

** Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 11. Percentage of high school students who carried a weapon on school property*,† and who were threatened or injured with a weapon on school property,†,§ by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Carried a weapon on school property

Threatened or injured with a weapon on school property

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

4.5

(2.7–7.2)

11.6

(8.3–15.9)

8.2

(6.3–10.6)

5.2

(3.6–7.7)

9.6

(6.9–13.3)

7.6

(5.4–10.5)

Alaska

3.3

(1.9–5.5)

8.0

(6.0–10.5)

5.7

(4.4–7.3)

3.2

(2.0–5.1)

7.6

(5.8–9.9)

5.6

(4.4–7.2)

Arizona

3.0

(2.1–4.2)

8.3

(6.2–11.1)

5.7

(4.6–7.0)

7.2

(5.8–9.0)

13.1

(10.7–15.9)

10.4

(8.9–12.0)

Arkansas

2.3

(1.4–3.8)

10.6

(7.4–14.9)

6.5

(4.8–8.8)

4.5

(2.6–7.6)

7.3

(5.6–9.4)

6.3

(4.7–8.3)

Colorado

3.3

(2.0–5.3)

7.6

(5.6–10.1)

5.5

(4.2–7.1)

4.0

(3.1–5.3)

9.3

(6.4–13.3)

6.7

(5.2–8.6)

Connecticut

3.4

(2.2–5.2)

9.8

(7.8–12.4)

6.6

(5.4–8.2)

4.6

(3.1–6.6)

8.8

(6.9–11.1)

6.8

(5.4–8.4)

Delaware

3.3

(2.0–5.3)

7.1

(5.8–8.7)

5.2

(4.2–6.4)

4.4

(3.2–6.1)

8.5

(6.7–10.7)

6.4

(5.3–7.7)

Florida

—**

5.8

(4.9–6.8)

8.4

(7.6–9.4)

7.2

(6.6–7.9)

Georgia

5.4

(2.8–10.3)

11.4

(7.7–16.5)

8.6

(5.5–13.2)

9.2

(5.5–15.0)

13.5

(9.6–18.6)

11.7

(8.0–16.8)

Hawaii

2.3

(1.5–3.5)

6.2

(4.9–7.7)

4.2

(3.4–5.2)

4.7

(3.6–6.1)

7.9

(6.1–10.2)

6.3

(5.2–7.7)

Idaho

2.2

(1.3–3.7)

10.2

(8.1–12.8)

6.3

(4.9–8.1)

4.9

(3.3–7.1)

9.6

(6.9–13.1)

7.3

(5.5–9.6)

Illinois

2.6

(1.8–3.8)

5.2

(3.5–7.6)

3.9

(3.0–5.1)

6.2

(4.7–8.1)

8.9

(7.9–10.1)

7.6

(6.7–8.7)

Indiana

1.6

(0.9–2.6)

5.8

(4.4–7.6)

3.7

(2.9–4.8)

5.7

(3.7–8.5)

7.8

(5.4–11.1)

6.8

(4.8–9.5)

Iowa

1.8

(1.1–2.9)

6.6

(4.2–10.3)

4.5

(3.1–6.4)

3.9

(2.5–5.8)

8.2

(5.5–12.1)

6.3

(4.7–8.3)

Kansas

2.6

(1.6–4.1)

7.4

(5.4–10.0)

5.2

(3.9–6.9)

3.5

(2.4–5.2)

7.4

(5.5–9.9)

5.5

(4.3–7.1)

Kentucky

3.1

(1.8–5.2)

11.6

(8.1–16.3)

7.4

(5.2–10.4)

5.1

(3.5–7.4)

8.7

(6.5–11.6)

7.4

(5.6–9.7)

Louisiana

1.9

(0.9–3.8)

6.1

(3.6–10.3)

4.2

(2.4–7.0)

6.9

(3.8–12.3)

10.0

(8.0–12.4)

8.7

(6.4–11.6)

Maine

3.7

(3.1–4.3)

11.9

(10.4–13.5)

8.0

(7.1–8.9)

4.7

(4.1–5.3)

8.4

(7.6–9.2)

6.8

(6.3–7.3)

Maryland

2.8

(1.9–4.2)

7.2

(5.5–9.4)

5.3

(4.2–6.6)

5.3

(4.1–6.9)

10.6

(8.5–13.1)

8.4

(7.0–9.9)

Massachusetts

1.9

(1.2–2.9)

5.3

(4.2–6.8)

3.7

(2.8–4.7)

4.2

(3.2–5.6)

9.0

(7.1–11.3)

6.8

(5.5–8.3)

Michigan

1.7

(0.9–3.3)

5.2

(3.9–6.9)

3.5

(2.8–4.3)

5.1

(4.0–6.5)

8.3

(7.0–9.9)

6.8

(5.8–7.9)

Mississippi

1.6

(1.0–2.7)

6.7

(4.4–10.1)

4.2

(2.9–6.1)

5.3

(3.8–7.3)

9.3

(7.6–11.3)

7.5

(6.3–8.9)

Montana

3.5

(2.6–4.7)

14.7

(12.6–17.0)

9.3

(8.0–10.7)

5.0

(4.0–6.3)

9.7

(8.2–11.4)

7.5

(6.5–8.6)

Nebraska

1.2

(0.7–2.0)

6.1

(4.7–7.9)

3.8

(3.0–4.8)

4.2

(3.1–5.7)

8.3

(6.8–10.3)

6.4

(5.4–7.6)

New Hampshire

New Jersey

4.2

(3.1–5.8)

7.0

(5.1–9.4)

5.7

(4.7–6.8)

New Mexico

3.9

(3.1–4.8)

9.0

(7.5–10.7)

6.5

(5.5–7.6)

New York

2.4

(1.8–3.3)

5.8

(4.9–7.0)

4.2

(3.6–4.8)

5.2

(3.9–6.9)

9.3

(7.7–11.2)

7.3

(6.2–8.6)

North Carolina

2.6

(1.7–4.1)

9.5

(7.5–11.9)

6.1

(4.9–7.6)

6.7

(4.9–9.2)

11.1

(8.5–14.3)

9.1

(7.3–11.3)

North Dakota

2.9

(1.9–4.4)

8.3

(6.3–10.8)

5.7

(4.4–7.3)

Ohio

Oklahoma

2.0

(1.0–3.8)

10.0

(6.8–14.5)

6.1

(4.1–8.9)

4.3

(2.3–8.0)

6.9

(4.6–10.1)

5.7

(4.1–7.8)

Rhode Island

2.1

(1.4–3.1)

5.7

(4.6–7.1)

4.0

(3.2–5.0)

South Carolina

2.3

(1.5–3.6)

9.7

(6.8–13.7)

6.3

(4.6–8.4)

6.4

(4.4–9.3)

11.0

(8.8–13.7)

9.2

(7.5–11.3)

South Dakota

2.2

(1.2–3.9)

8.9

(7.1–11.1)

5.7

(4.7–6.9)

3.7

(2.6–5.3)

8.2

(6.0–11.1)

6.0

(4.6–7.8)

Tennessee

1.8

(1.1–3.0)

8.4

(6.0–11.7)

5.2

(3.8–7.1)

4.9

(3.6–6.7)

6.6

(5.4–8.0)

5.8

(4.8–7.0)

Texas

2.6

(1.9–3.5)

7.0

(5.7–8.5)

4.9

(4.0–5.9)

5.1

(4.4–6.0)

8.0

(6.6–9.8)

6.8

(6.0–7.7)

Utah

2.0

(0.9–4.2)

9.3

(6.7–12.8)

5.9

(4.2–8.4)

4.5

(3.2–6.4)

9.0

(6.4–12.4)

7.0

(5.3–9.3)

Vermont

3.7

(3.1–4.4)

14.1

(11.5–17.3)

9.1

(7.6–10.8)

4.4

(3.5–5.4)

6.6

(5.4–7.9)

5.5

(4.8–6.3)

Virginia

2.8

(1.9–4.3)

8.3

(6.1–11.1)

5.7

(4.5–7.2)

5.5

(3.9–7.6)

8.0

(5.6–11.5)

7.0

(5.4–9.0)

West Virginia

1.4

(0.8–2.3)

9.5

(7.2–12.5)

5.5

(4.1–7.3)

4.7

(3.4–6.5)

8.3

(5.8–11.6)

6.5

(4.8–8.8)

Wisconsin

1.6

(0.9–2.6)

4.5

(3.4–6.1)

3.1

(2.4–4.1)

2.9

(2.0–4.3)

7.1

(5.8–8.5)

5.1

(4.2–6.2)

Wyoming

3.9

(2.9–5.4)

16.8

(14.5–19.4)

10.5

(9.2–12.0)

5.3

(4.2–6.9)

9.0

(7.4–10.9)

7.3

(6.2–8.5)

Median

2.6

8.3

5.7

4.9

8.4

6.8

Range

1.2–5.4

4.5–16.8

3.1–10.5

2.9–9.2

6.6–13.5

5.1–11.7


TABLE 11. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who carried a weapon on school property*,† and who were threatened or injured with a weapon on school property,†,§ by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Carried a weapon on school property

Threatened or injured with a weapon on school property

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

4.7

(2.7–8.1)

8.1

(5.6–11.6)

6.4

(4.5–9.1)

6.3

(4.7–8.5)

10.1

(7.0–14.3)

8.2

(6.3–10.7)

Broward County, FL

2.2

(1.2–4.0)

4.6

(3.1–6.7)

3.5

(2.4–5.0)

6.0

(4.5–8.0)

8.0

(6.1–10.3)

7.1

(5.8–8.6)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

2.5

(1.6–4.0)

5.3

(3.9–7.2)

4.0

(3.0–5.3)

5.3

(3.8–7.4)

13.9

(11.0–17.4)

10.2

(8.2–12.6)

Chicago, IL

4.4

(3.0–6.4)

5.0

(3.7–6.8)

4.7

(3.6–6.1)

8.1

(6.4–10.4)

13.6

(11.2–16.4)

11.1

(9.4–13.1)

Dallas, TX

1.9

(1.0–3.6)

5.5

(3.5–8.6)

3.7

(2.5–5.4)

4.6

(2.8–7.6)

9.7

(7.0–13.2)

7.1

(5.6–9.0)

Detroit, MI

2.7

(1.9–4.0)

4.9

(3.2–7.4)

4.2

(3.2–5.5)

6.9

(5.4–8.8)

8.3

(6.2–11.0)

7.8

(6.5–9.3)

District of Columbia

3.1

(2.0–4.8)

8.2

(5.7–11.5)

5.5

(4.0–7.6)

5.8

(4.1–8.0)

11.1

(8.4–14.5)

8.7

(7.0–10.7)

Duval County, FL

5.2

(4.2–6.5)

7.8

(6.3–9.5)

6.5

(5.6–7.6)

8.8

(7.3–10.6)

12.2

(10.6–13.9)

10.7

(9.4–12.1)

Houston, TX

2.1

(1.3–3.2)

6.0

(4.5–8.1)

4.1

(3.3–5.0)

5.0

(3.5–7.1)

11.1

(9.0–13.5)

8.2

(6.8–9.9)

Los Angeles, CA

1.9

(1.0–3.5)

7.0

(4.6–10.5)

4.8

(3.3–6.8)

4.5

(3.0–6.7)

10.4

(7.1–15.0)

7.9

(6.0–10.2)

Memphis, TN

1.7

(0.9–3.1)

2.5

(1.5–4.0)

2.1

(1.4–3.1)

7.3

(5.5–9.5)

8.9

(7.1–11.2)

8.2

(6.6–10.1)

Miami-Dade County, FL

2.4

(1.6–3.6)

5.2

(3.7–7.1)

3.7

(2.8–4.9)

6.2

(4.9–7.9)

8.7

(6.9–10.9)

7.5

(6.3–8.9)

Milwaukee, WI

3.8

(2.5–5.9)

5.3

(3.4–8.1)

4.6

(3.4–6.2)

6.8

(5.1–9.1)

10.0

(7.7–12.9)

8.7

(6.9–10.8)

New York City, NY

1.8

(1.3–2.5)

5.3

(4.4–6.3)

3.6

(3.1–4.3)

4.8

(4.0–5.8)

8.3

(7.2–9.4)

6.7

(5.9–7.6)

Orange County, FL

2.4

(1.5–3.7)

5.2

(3.5–7.7)

3.8

(2.8–5.0)

5.6

(4.2–7.3)

8.7

(6.2–12.1)

7.1

(5.6–9.0)

Palm Beach County, FL

3.0

(1.9–4.6)

7.0

(5.1–9.6)

5.1

(3.8–6.8)

6.9

(5.4–8.9)

10.5

(8.6–12.8)

8.9

(7.6–10.4)

Philadelphia, PA

2.7

(1.7–4.2)

4.3

(3.0–6.1)

3.7

(2.8–4.9)

7.9

(5.9–10.4)

9.0

(7.1–11.3)

8.8

(7.3–10.5)

San Bernardino, CA

3.2

(2.1–4.8)

6.5

(4.6–9.0)

4.8

(3.7–6.2)

7.6

(5.8–10.0)

12.1

(9.7–15.0)

9.9

(8.3–11.7)

San Diego, CA

2.4

(1.4–4.1)

6.5

(4.7–9.0)

4.5

(3.3–6.0)

4.6

(3.3–6.3)

8.5

(6.5–11.2)

6.7

(5.3–8.4)

San Francisco, CA

2.8

(1.8–4.3)

8.0

(6.1–10.4)

5.8

(4.4–7.6)

4.3

(3.0–6.1)

8.6

(6.5–11.2)

7.1

(5.7–8.7)

Seattle, WA

4.3

(3.2–5.9)

11.1

(8.8–13.9)

8.1

(6.6–9.8)

4.5

(3.2–6.1)

8.3

(6.7–10.3)

6.9

(5.6–8.5)

Median

2.7

5.5

4.5

6.0

9.7

8.2

Range

1.7–5.2

2.5–11.1

2.1–8.1

4.3–8.8

8.0–13.9

6.7–11.1

* On at least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey.

For example, a gun, knife, or club.

§ One or more times during the 12 months before the survey.

95% confidence interval.

** Not available.


TABLE 12. Percentage of high school students who were in a physical fight* and who were injured in a physical fight,*,† by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

In a physical fight

Injured in a physical fight

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White

20.4

(18.2–22.8)

37.7

(35.7–39.7)

29.4

(27.9–30.9)

1.9

(1.5–2.4)

3.5

(2.9–4.3)

2.8

(2.4–3.2)

Black

32.3

(29.2–35.5)

45.8

(41.3–50.3)

39.1

(36.0–42.1)

3.2

(2.2–4.6)

8.1

(6.2–10.6)

5.7

(4.5–7.2)

Hispanic

28.7

(25.9–31.7)

44.4

(41.2–47.8)

36.8

(34.0–39.8)

3.7

(2.7–5.0)

7.0

(5.9–8.2)

5.5

(4.7–6.4)

Grade

9

28.8

(25.6–32.2)

46.0

(43.4–48.7)

37.7

(35.4–39.9)

2.7

(2.0–3.6)

5.9

(4.6–7.5)

4.4

(3.6–5.3)

10

25.5

(22.4–28.8)

44.2

(40.4–48.1)

35.3

(32.7–38.1)

3.0

(2.2–4.0)

5.1

(4.1–6.5)

4.1

(3.4–5.0)

11

22.7

(19.4–26.4)

36.3

(33.3–39.3)

29.7

(27.4–32.0)

2.2

(1.6–3.2)

4.8

(3.8–6.1)

3.6

(2.9–4.4)

12

19.4

(16.8–22.3)

34.1

(31.0–37.3)

26.9

(25.0–28.9)

2.1

(1.3–3.3)

4.3

(3.3–5.4)

3.3

(2.6–4.1)

Total

24.4

(22.6–26.3)

40.7

(39.2–42.2)

32.8

(31.5–34.1)

2.6

(2.2–3.0)

5.1

(4.6–5.8)

3.9

(3.5–4.4)

* One or more times during the 12 months before the survey.

Injuries had to be treated by a doctor or nurse.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 13. Percentage of high school students who were in a physical fight* and who were injured in a physical fight,*,† by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

In a physical fight

Injured in a physical fight

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

23.8

(19.5–28.8)

32.6

(28.1–37.6)

28.4

(24.8–32.3)

2.9

(1.6–5.4)

3.2

(1.9–5.5)

3.1

(1.9–4.9)

Alaska

18.0

(14.9–21.6)

29.0

(25.6–32.7)

23.7

(21.4–26.1)

1.7

(0.9–3.2)

4.3

(3.0–6.0)

3.0

(2.3–4.0)

Arizona

18.3

(16.1–20.8)

36.4

(33.0–40.0)

27.6

(24.9–30.6)

Arkansas

20.6

(16.5–25.4)

37.1

(33.0–41.4)

29.1

(25.6–32.9)

1.9

(1.1–3.3)

4.3

(2.7–6.7)

3.3

(2.4–4.5)

Colorado

18.2

(15.2–21.6)

30.3

(25.7–35.3)

24.9

(21.5–28.6)

Connecticut

17.6

(14.7–20.8)

32.4

(28.8–36.2)

25.1

(22.0–28.4)

Delaware

22.0

(18.7–25.8)

33.9

(29.9–38.2)

28.0

(25.0–31.3)

3.5

(2.3–5.2)

4.8

(3.5–6.5)

4.2

(3.2–5.5)

Florida

21.1

(19.5–22.7)

34.7

(32.6–36.8)

28.0

(26.5–29.4)

2.6

(2.0–3.3)

5.4

(4.6–6.2)

4.0

(3.6–4.5)

Georgia

25.9

(21.1–31.4)

39.8

(36.7–42.9)

33.1

(29.8–36.6)

3.9

(2.5–6.1)

5.2

(3.5–7.6)

4.9

(3.6–6.6)

Hawaii

17.3

(15.0–19.8)

27.5

(24.5–30.7)

22.3

(20.2–24.6)

Idaho

19.0

(16.2–22.2)

33.3

(29.3–37.5)

26.4

(23.5–29.5)

2.3

(1.3–3.8)

4.2

(2.9–6.0)

3.2

(2.4–4.4)

Illinois

23.7

(20.8–26.9)

35.3

(32.3–38.4)

29.5

(26.8–32.4)

2.5

(1.8–3.4)

5.0

(3.9–6.5)

3.8

(3.1–4.6)

Indiana

20.0

(17.0–23.3)

37.3

(33.4–41.5)

29.0

(26.3–31.8)

3.0

(2.0–4.6)

4.3

(3.0–6.3)

3.7

(2.7–5.1)

Iowa

16.6

(13.2–20.6)

31.7

(26.4–37.6)

24.4

(20.6–28.6)

1.2

(0.7–2.2)

3.3

(2.1–5.3)

2.4

(1.6–3.7)

Kansas

14.7

(12.3–17.4)

29.5

(25.9–33.4)

22.4

(19.6–25.4)

Kentucky

21.2

(17.6–25.4)

35.7

(31.1–40.6)

28.7

(25.4–32.2)

2.7

(1.9–4.0)

5.2

(4.0–6.8)

4.2

(3.3–5.3)

Louisiana

27.8

(18.6–39.2)

44.9

(42.4–47.4)

36.0

(30.3–42.1)

2.9

(1.5–5.7)

6.6

(3.9–11.0)

5.0

(3.3–7.4)

Maine

11.9

(10.8–13.0)

26.5

(24.6–28.4)

19.5

(18.6–20.5)

1.8

(1.4–2.4)

3.7

(3.2–4.3)

2.9

(2.6–3.2)

Maryland

23.6

(19.4–28.5)

33.6

(28.9–38.6)

29.1

(25.4–33.1)

3.9

(2.8–5.5)

5.9

(3.8–9.2)

5.2

(3.6–7.2)

Massachusetts

17.9

(16.1–19.9)

32.5

(29.8–35.4)

25.4

(23.5–27.3)

2.3

(1.4–3.9)

5.1

(4.0–6.5)

3.8

(3.0–4.7)

Michigan

20.6

(16.0–26.2)

33.8

(31.1–36.6)

27.4

(24.7–30.2)

1.7

(1.2–2.4)

3.1

(2.4–4.0)

2.5

(2.0–3.0)

Mississippi

19.5

(16.2–23.5)

39.0

(35.3–42.8)

29.3

(25.9–33.0)

2.1

(1.4–3.1)

5.2

(3.8–6.9)

3.6

(2.8–4.8)

Montana

19.3

(17.4–21.3)

31.0

(28.9–33.1)

25.4

(24.0–26.8)

2.1

(1.6–2.8)

3.2

(2.4–4.2)

2.7

(2.3–3.2)

Nebraska

20.6

(18.3–23.1)

32.1

(29.2–35.2)

26.7

(24.6–28.9)

2.4

(1.7–3.6)

3.7

(2.6–5.1)

3.1

(2.4–4.0)

New Hampshire

16.2

(13.3–19.6)

31.1

(27.7–34.7)

23.8

(21.4–26.4)

3.5

(2.4–5.0)

4.8

(3.2–7.2)

4.2

(3.0–5.7)

New Jersey

16.2

(13.0–20.1)

31.4

(26.0–37.5)

23.9

(20.7–27.4)

New Mexico

25.1

(22.5–27.9)

37.6

(34.9–40.4)

31.5

(29.4–33.6)

New York

20.8

(17.9–24.0)

33.1

(29.7–36.7)

27.0

(24.6–29.5)

North Carolina

19.4

(15.9–23.5)

35.6

(31.8–39.6)

27.6

(24.9–30.5)

2.6

(1.7–4.0)

4.7

(3.1–7.2)

3.7

(2.6–5.2)

North Dakota

Ohio

24.2

(19.9–29.0)

37.5

(33.5–41.6)

31.2

(28.0–34.6)

Oklahoma

20.7

(16.9–25.1)

36.4

(30.9–42.2)

28.5

(24.7–32.7)

3.2

(2.0–5.1)

2.9

(1.5–5.4)

3.0

(2.0–4.6)

Rhode Island

17.3

(15.0–19.9)

29.7

(27.0–32.5)

23.5

(21.8–25.3)

South Carolina

24.7

(19.7–30.6)

40.3

(35.7–45.0)

32.6

(28.5–37.0)

South Dakota

17.5

(12.7–23.7)

31.1

(26.3–36.5)

24.5

(20.2–29.3)

1.5

(0.8–2.5)

2.6

(1.6–4.2)

2.1

(1.4–3.1)

Tennessee

24.4

(21.4–27.7)

36.8

(33.7–39.9)

30.8

(28.3–33.4)

2.2

(1.5–3.3)

4.1

(2.8–6.1)

3.2

(2.4–4.4)

Texas

24.7

(22.1–27.5)

42.9

(40.3–45.6)

34.1

(32.1–36.0)

3.0

(2.4–3.7)

4.7

(3.7–6.1)

3.9

(3.2–4.8)

Utah

14.6

(11.2–18.8)

32.5

(28.2–37.2)

23.9

(20.3–28.0)

1.9

(1.1–3.1)

4.7

(3.4–6.3)

3.4

(2.6–4.5)

Vermont

15.1

(12.1–18.5)

30.8

(27.8–33.9)

23.1

(20.2–26.3)

Virginia

20.2

(15.5–25.9)

29.4

(25.0–34.3)

24.9

(21.5–28.7)

3.5

(2.2–5.3)

3.5

(2.1–5.8)

3.5

(2.5–4.9)

West Virginia

17.8

(14.2–22.1)

33.4

(29.9–37.1)

25.7

(22.4–29.4)

2.2

(1.4–3.5)

4.9

(4.0–6.0)

3.6

(2.8–4.5)

Wisconsin

19.6

(15.7–24.1)

30.8

(27.2–34.6)

25.3

(22.0–29.0)

2.4

(1.4–4.2)

2.8

(1.8–4.3)

2.7

(1.8–3.8)

Wyoming

18.9

(16.7–21.3)

33.8

(30.9–36.9)

26.5

(24.4–28.7)

3.3

(2.5–4.3)

4.8

(3.8–6.1)

4.1

(3.4–4.9)

Median

19.5

33.3

26.8

2.4

4.5

3.5

Range

11.9–27.8

26.5–44.9

19.5–36.0

1.2–3.9

2.6–6.6

2.1–5.2


TABLE 13. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who were in a physical fight* and who were injured in a physical fight,*,† by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

In a physical fight

Injured in a physical fight

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

24.2

(18.9–30.4)

32.1

(27.4–37.3)

28.2

(23.6–33.3)

3.4

(2.4–4.7)

5.2

(3.3–8.1)

4.3

(3.2–5.8)

Broward County, FL

21.5

(18.1–25.4)

36.0

(32.3–40.0)

28.9

(26.2–31.8)

3.1

(2.0–4.9)

5.1

(3.8–6.7)

4.2

(3.3–5.4)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

24.5

(21.7–27.6)

38.3

(34.3–42.6)

31.5

(28.5–34.6)

2.4

(1.5–3.9)

5.3

(3.7–7.5)

3.9

(2.8–5.4)

Chicago, IL

36.5

(32.1–41.1)

42.5

(38.1–46.9)

39.3

(35.5–43.3)

5.5

(4.3–6.9)

7.6

(5.1–11.0)

6.5

(5.0–8.5)

Dallas, TX

32.5

(28.5–36.7)

42.2

(36.6–48.1)

37.2

(33.6–40.9)

2.5

(1.5–4.2)

4.8

(2.9–8.0)

3.6

(2.5–5.3)

Detroit, MI

29.3

(26.0–32.9)

40.5

(36.3–44.9)

34.7

(31.7–37.8)

4.1

(2.8–5.9)

6.0

(4.3–8.2)

5.2

(4.1–6.5)

District of Columbia

33.5

(29.4–37.9)

42.2

(38.1–46.4)

37.9

(34.6–41.4)

Duval County, FL

27.2

(24.5–30.0)

37.3

(34.5–40.2)

32.3

(30.1–34.6)

3.7

(2.7–4.9)

7.0

(5.7–8.5)

5.5

(4.6–6.5)

Houston, TX

27.5

(23.6–31.8)

41.7

(38.0–45.5)

34.7

(31.5–38.0)

4.0

(2.8–5.8)

7.5

(5.9–9.5)

5.9

(4.8–7.1)

Los Angeles, CA

21.1

(19.0–23.4)

36.3

(32.1–40.7)

29.0

(26.5–31.7)

2.7

(1.6–4.6)

5.3

(3.2–8.7)

4.1

(2.9–5.9)

Memphis, TN

29.9

(26.2–34.0)

41.0

(36.5–45.7)

35.4

(32.2–38.8)

3.3

(2.0–5.3)

6.3

(4.2–9.2)

4.8

(3.5–6.5)

Miami-Dade County, FL

24.3

(21.1–27.8)

36.8

(32.4–41.4)

30.5

(27.2–34.0)

3.1

(2.4–4.2)

6.2

(4.7–8.2)

4.6

(3.7–5.7)

Milwaukee, WI

39.1

(35.0–43.4)

42.9

(38.9–46.9)

41.0

(37.7–44.5)

5.0

(3.5–7.0)

6.9

(5.2–8.9)

6.0

(4.8–7.6)

New York City, NY

23.8

(21.3–26.4)

33.1

(31.3–34.9)

28.6

(26.8–30.4)

Orange County, FL

19.2

(16.0–22.7)

36.3

(31.8–41.1)

27.6

(24.7–30.7)

2.3

(1.3–3.8)

4.8

(3.3–6.9)

3.5

(2.6–4.7)

Palm Beach County, FL

20.8

(17.8–24.1)

33.5

(29.9–37.2)

27.2

(24.5–30.1)

4.3

(3.0–6.0)

6.5

(4.8–8.7)

5.6

(4.5–6.9)

Philadelphia, PA

38.4

(34.0–43.0)

45.8

(40.8–50.8)

42.2

(38.7–45.8)

6.3

(4.8–8.3)

7.6

(5.6–10.3)

7.2

(5.7–9.0)

San Bernardino, CA

27.5

(23.4–32.0)

42.3

(37.6–47.1)

34.9

(31.2–38.9)

1.9

(1.1–3.1)

6.4

(4.4–9.4)

4.2

(3.0–5.8)

San Diego, CA

23.5

(20.1–27.3)

34.2

(30.1–38.5)

29.0

(26.0–32.2)

2.3

(1.4–3.6)

5.3

(3.8–7.3)

3.8

(2.9–5.1)

San Francisco, CA

13.1

(10.9–15.7)

23.3

(20.3–26.7)

18.7

(16.6–21.0)

2.0

(1.2–3.3)

4.5

(3.0–6.6)

3.7

(2.7–5.0)

Seattle, WA

Median

25.8

37.8

31.9

3.2

6.1

4.4

Range

13.1–39.1

23.3–45.8

18.7–42.2

1.9–6.3

4.5–7.6

3.5–7.2

* One or more times during the 12 months before the survey.

Injuries had to be treated by a doctor or nurse.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Not available.


TABLE 14. Percentage of high school students who were in a physical fight on school property* and who were bullied on school property, by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

In a physical fight on school property

Bullied on school property

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White

5.6

(4.6–6.8)

13.8

(12.3–15.5)

9.9

(8.9–10.9)

25.2

(23.6–27.0)

20.7

(18.4–23.2)

22.9

(21.4–24.5)

Black

13.1

(10.7–15.9)

19.6

(17.1–22.5)

16.4

(14.6–18.3)

12.2

(9.8–15.2)

11.1

(8.9–13.9)

11.7

(9.7–13.9)

Hispanic

9.0

(7.7–10.5)

19.4

(17.5–21.5)

14.4

(12.9–16.1)

19.3

(16.6–22.2)

16.0

(13.2–19.3)

17.6

(15.4–20.0)

Grade

9

10.4

(8.8–12.1)

21.7

(19.3–24.2)

16.2

(14.7–17.8)

27.1

(23.9–30.5)

21.5

(19.3–23.9)

24.2

(22.1–26.4)

10

8.0

(6.3–10.1)

17.0

(14.7–19.6)

12.8

(11.1–14.6)

24.6

(22.2–27.2)

20.4

(16.7–24.6)

22.4

(20.0–25.0)

11

6.0

(4.7–7.7)

12.3

(10.5–14.4)

9.2

(8.2–10.4)

17.5

(14.6–20.9)

16.7

(14.2–19.6)

17.1

(14.8–19.7)

12

6.1

(4.8–7.6)

11.4

(9.2–14.1)

8.8

(7.5–10.3)

17.2

(14.7–20.0)

13.4

(11.7–15.4)

15.2

(13.5–17.1)

Total

7.8

(7.0–8.7)

16.0

(14.9–17.2)

12.0

(11.3–12.8)

22.0

(20.6–23.5)

18.2

(16.6–20.1)

20.1

(18.7–21.5)

* One or more times during the 12 months before the survey.

During the 12 months before the survey.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 15. Percentage of high school students who were in a physical fight on school property* and who were bullied on school property, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

In a physical fight on school property

Bullied on school property

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

6.5

16.6

(12.6–21.6)

11.8

(9.3–14.8)

15.5

(12.4–19.1)

12.5

(9.7–15.9)

14.1

(11.7–16.8)

Alaska

4.9

(3.3–7.0)

10.3

(8.1–13.1)

7.7

(6.1–9.7)

25.1

(21.7–28.9)

20.9

(17.8–24.3)

23.0

(20.5–25.8)

Arizona

6.6

(5.3–8.3)

14.7

(12.2–17.5)

10.7

(9.3–12.4)

Arkansas

7.2

(4.9–10.5)

14.5

(11.2–18.6)

11.0

(8.5–14.2)

25.5

(20.9–30.6)

18.6

(14.4–23.6)

21.9

(18.5–25.7)

Colorado

21.0

(17.9–24.4)

17.4

(14.3–21.0)

19.3

(16.6–22.3)

Connecticut

4.8

(3.4–6.8)

12.4

(10.3–14.8)

8.7

(7.1–10.6)

20.6

(17.4–24.3)

22.3

(19.0–26.1)

21.6

(19.4–24.0)

Delaware

6.4

(4.6–8.7)

11.1

(8.4–14.4)

8.8

(7.0–11.1)

19.3

(16.6–22.5)

13.8

(11.3–16.7)

16.5

(14.5–18.6)

Florida

7.0

(6.2–7.9)

13.2

(11.7–14.7)

10.2

(9.3–11.1)

15.5

(13.9–17.3)

12.5

(11.3–13.7)

14.0

(13.0–15.2)

Georgia

8.7

(6.8–11.2)

14.5

(11.9–17.6)

11.9

(9.9–14.3)

21.3

(17.2–26.0)

16.8

(13.7–20.4)

19.1

(15.9–22.8)

Hawaii

6.2

(5.0–7.8)

10.2

(7.8–13.2)

8.1

(6.8–9.7)

20.6

(17.6–23.9)

20.0

(17.5–22.8)

20.3

(17.9–22.9)

Idaho

4.9

(3.4–7.0)

13.8

(11.4–16.6)

9.4

(7.9–11.2)

25.3

(21.3–29.7)

20.6

(16.8–25.0)

22.8

(19.4–26.6)

Illinois

6.6

(5.2–8.3)

12.9

(11.0–15.0)

9.8

(8.5–11.3)

20.4

(17.3–23.9)

18.2

(15.3–21.6)

19.3

(16.8–22.1)

Indiana

6.6

(5.3–8.3)

11.0

(8.4–14.2)

8.9

(7.3–10.6)

28.2

(24.5–32.3)

21.8

(18.7–25.2)

25.0

(22.3–27.9)

Iowa

6.2

(4.7–8.1)

12.7

(10.4–15.4)

9.6

(7.9–11.7)

26.4

(22.8–30.3)

18.6

(14.3–23.7)

22.5

(19.5–25.8)

Kansas

4.7

(3.4–6.6)

10.5

(8.3–13.2)

7.8

(6.2–9.7)

22.3

(19.5–25.4)

18.6

(15.2–22.6)

20.5

(18.0–23.3)

Kentucky

7.2

(5.6–9.2)

15.1

(12.7–17.9)

11.4

(9.6–13.5)

20.8

(17.3–24.8)

17.1

(14.8–19.8)

18.9

(16.5–21.6)

Louisiana

11.8

(6.1–21.7)

20.0

(16.7–23.7)

15.7

(11.6–21.1)

22.2

(18.0–27.1)

15.6

(11.8–20.3)

19.2

(16.3–22.4)

Maine

4.0

(3.3–4.7)

11.1

(10.1–12.2)

7.9

(7.3–8.4)

23.7

(22.5–24.9)

21.0

(19.8–22.3)

22.4

(21.5–23.3)

Maryland

8.5

(6.4–11.2)

13.0

(9.9–16.8)

11.0

(8.7–14.0)

20.8

(17.1–25.1)

21.2

(18.4–24.3)

21.2

(18.6–24.1)

Massachusetts

4.1

(3.2–5.3)

9.8

(7.8–12.1)

7.1

(5.9–8.6)

20.4

(17.9–23.0)

15.9

(13.6–18.5)

18.1

(16.1–20.3)

Michigan

6.3

(4.3–9.1)

11.7

(9.6–14.1)

9.1

(7.8–10.6)

24.7

(21.0–28.8)

20.8

(17.9–24.0)

22.7

(20.0–25.8)

Mississippi

7.4

(5.4–10.1)

17.3

(14.6–20.4)

12.3

(10.3–14.7)

17.9

(14.8–21.6)

13.2

(10.8–16.1)

15.6

(13.1–18.5)

Montana

6.3

(5.0–7.8)

11.7

(10.2–13.4)

9.1

(8.2–10.2)

28.4

(25.6–31.4)

23.6

(21.5–25.9)

26.0

(23.9–28.2)

Nebraska

5.0

(3.8–6.6)

9.7

(7.9–11.8)

7.4

(6.2–8.9)

23.2

(21.0–25.6)

22.6

(20.3–25.1)

22.9

(21.2–24.6)

New Hampshire

6.4

(4.7–8.8)

13.2

(11.0–15.9)

9.9

(8.2–11.8)

27.4

(23.9–31.1)

23.7

(20.3–27.6)

25.3

(23.0–27.8)

New Jersey

21.9

(18.2–26.1)

18.0

(14.4–22.2)

20.0

(16.8–23.5)

New Mexico

8.4

(6.7–10.6)

14.1

(12.4–15.9)

11.3

(9.8–13.0)

20.5

(19.1–22.1)

17.0

(14.9–19.4)

18.7

(17.3–20.3)

New York

17.8

(15.7–20.0)

17.6

(15.7–19.7)

17.7

(16.5–19.1)

North Carolina

6.4

(4.7–8.7)

14.6

(11.7–17.9)

10.6

(8.7–12.9)

22.6

(19.1–26.4)

18.2

(15.4–21.3)

20.5

(17.8–23.4)

North Dakota

4.9

(3.7–6.4)

11.1

(9.1–13.4)

8.2

(6.9–9.8)

29.5

(26.8–32.5)

20.6

(17.6–24.0)

24.9

(22.5–27.4)

Ohio

6.2

(4.5–8.6)

10.8

(8.4–13.7)

8.8

(7.4–10.3)

24.0

(19.7–28.8)

21.1

(16.9–25.9)

22.7

(19.1–26.7)

Oklahoma

6.1

(3.7–9.7)

12.7

(8.7–18.2)

9.4

(7.1–12.3)

18.7

(15.7–22.1)

14.5

(11.3–18.3)

16.7

(14.3–19.5)

Rhode Island

5.2

(3.8–7.0)

10.2

(8.5–12.2)

7.8

(6.7–9.0)

20.5

(16.0–25.9)

17.6

(14.9–20.8)

19.1

(15.6–23.2)

South Carolina

9.4

(6.5–13.5)

14.4

(10.8–19.0)

12.2

(9.5–15.6)

21.8

(18.8–25.2)

14.7

(11.5–18.5)

18.3

(15.6–21.2)

South Dakota

4.8

(3.3–6.9)

11.3

(8.4–15.1)

8.2

(6.4–10.3)

28.1

(24.1–32.5)

25.5

(21.2–30.3)

26.7

(24.2–29.4)

Tennessee

8.4

(6.6–10.5)

12.4

(10.5–14.5)

10.5

(8.9–12.3)

20.4

(17.0–24.2)

14.7

(12.8–16.8)

17.5

(15.8–19.4)

Texas

8.5

(6.9–10.3)

16.2

(14.3–18.2)

12.5

(11.1–13.9)

18.5

(16.4–20.7)

14.6

(13.2–16.0)

16.5

(15.0–18.1)

Utah

4.0

(2.5–6.4)

11.8

(8.9–15.5)

8.1

(5.9–10.8)

22.7

(20.1–25.6)

20.6

(17.7–23.9)

21.7

(19.8–23.8)

Vermont

4.7

(3.5–6.3)

12.6

(10.7–14.7)

8.8

(7.3–10.5)

Virginia

6.2

(4.1–9.1)

9.7

(7.2–12.9)

7.9

(6.2–10.1)

22.3

(18.4–26.7)

18.4

(15.0–22.3)

20.3

(17.6–23.4)

West Virginia

6.9

(5.0–9.4)

13.6

(11.4–16.3)

10.3

(8.4–12.7)

21.5

(17.4–26.3)

15.8

(12.5–19.8)

18.6

(15.2–22.4)

Wisconsin

6.2

(4.3–8.8)

11.9

(9.7–14.6)

9.1

(7.4–11.3)

25.8

(22.1–29.8)

22.3

(19.6–25.4)

24.0

(21.4–26.9)

Wyoming

8.0

(6.5–9.7)

14.5

(12.7–16.5)

11.3

(10.1–12.7)

28.1

(25.3–31.0)

22.0

(19.3–24.9)

25.0

(23.1–27.0)

Median

6.3

12.6

9.4

21.9

18.4

20.3

Range

4.0–11.8

9.7–20.0

7.1–15.7

15.5–29.5

12.5–25.5

14.0–26.7


TABLE 15. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who were in a physical fight on school property* and who were bullied on school property, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

In a physical fight on school property

Bullied on school property

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

7.0

(4.6–10.5)

10.4

(7.6–13.9)

8.7

(6.6–11.4)

17.7

(14.8–21.0)

10.4

(7.2–14.6)

13.9

(11.7–16.5)

Broward County, FL

7.3

(5.3–9.9)

12.0

(9.9–14.4)

9.8

(8.3–11.4)

14.9

(12.2–18.1)

11.7

(9.5–14.3)

13.2

(11.3–15.4)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

8.1

(6.4–10.1)

15.1

(12.1–18.7)

11.7

(9.7–13.9)

18.5

(15.3–22.2)

18.8

(16.1–21.9)

18.8

(16.5–21.2)

Chicago, IL

14.4

(11.6–17.8)

20.7

(16.9–25.1)

17.7

(14.8–20.9)

13.3

(10.2–17.0)

12.2

(10.0–14.9)

12.8

(10.8–15.1)

Dallas, TX

12.8

(9.7–16.7)

20.0

(15.7–25.1)

16.3

(13.3–19.8)

15.4

(11.8–19.9)

10.1

(7.6–13.4)

12.9

(10.4–15.9)

Detroit, MI

12.1

(9.9–14.8)

19.4

(16.4–22.8)

15.6

(13.6–17.7)

23.6

(19.9–27.8)

15.0

(12.3–18.1)

19.5

(16.9–22.5)

District of Columbia

12.9

(10.4–16.1)

18.3

(14.5–22.9)

15.8

(13.0–19.2)

7.2

(5.4–9.7)

12.1

(9.0–16.0)

9.7

(7.7–12.1)

Duval County, FL

11.2

(9.5–13.1)

15.9

(13.8–18.3)

13.7

(12.2–15.4)

18.4

(16.4–20.5)

16.8

(14.9–19.0)

17.6

(16.2–19.2)

Houston, TX

11.5

(9.1–14.4)

17.2

(14.6–20.1)

14.5

(12.5–16.7)

11.5

(9.6–13.7)

12.4

(10.2–15.0)

12.0

(10.4–13.8)

Los Angeles, CA

7.6

(5.8–9.8)

17.2

(14.2–20.7)

12.8

(10.8–15.1)

16.7

(13.4–20.8)

14.0

(10.2–18.7)

15.3

(12.0–19.4)

Memphis, TN

11.9

(9.7–14.5)

16.9

(13.6–20.9)

14.4

(12.1–17.0)

10.6

(8.6–13.1)

10.2

(8.1–12.9)

10.5

(8.9–12.5)

Miami-Dade County, FL

8.3

(6.7–10.4)

16.1

(13.1–19.6)

12.1

(10.1–14.4)

11.3

(9.4–13.5)

9.9

(7.9–12.2)

10.6

(9.2–12.3)

Milwaukee, WI

15.4

(13.0–18.2)

20.1

(16.6–24.1)

17.8

(15.4–20.5)

13.5

(11.1–16.3)

11.0

(8.6–14.1)

12.2

(10.4–14.3)

New York City, NY

11.8

(9.9–14.0)

11.5

(10.2–13.0)

11.7

(10.5–13.0)

Orange County, FL

7.0

(5.2–9.4)

12.9

(10.5–15.8)

10.0

(8.4–11.8)

15.9

(12.9–19.5)

12.5

(10.1–15.3)

14.2

(12.3–16.4)

Palm Beach County, FL

7.3

(5.7–9.4)

11.5

(9.3–14.1)

9.6

(8.0–11.4)

16.6

(14.5–18.9)

14.4

(12.0–17.2)

15.5

(13.8–17.4)

Philadelphia, PA

16.9

(14.0–20.3)

20.7

(17.4–24.5)

18.9

(16.4–21.8)

12.6

(10.1–15.6)

14.8

(11.9–18.1)

13.8

(11.9–15.9)

San Bernardino, CA

11.4

(9.1–14.2)

21.2

(18.0–24.8)

16.4

(14.2–18.9)

15.6

(12.4–19.4)

13.0

(10.6–15.7)

14.3

(12.1–16.8)

San Diego, CA

8.3

(6.3–11.0)

13.3

(10.6–16.6)

10.9

(9.1–13.1)

17.6

(13.9–21.9)

13.8

(11.4–16.5)

15.6

(13.2–18.3)

San Francisco, CA

5.2

(3.7–7.4)

9.3

(7.0–12.1)

7.6

(6.3–9.3)

9.2

(7.4–11.4)

11.4

(9.3–13.8)

10.6

(9.0–12.4)

Seattle, WA

8.0

(6.2–10.4)

15.2

(12.9–17.7)

12.1

(10.4–14.1)

14.0

(11.9–16.5)

14.1

(11.9–16.5)

14.2

(12.7–15.9)

Median

9.7

16.5

13.2

14.9

12.4

13.8

Range

5.2–16.9

9.3–21.2

7.6–18.9

7.2–23.6

9.9–18.8

9.7–19.5

* One or more times during the 12 months before the survey.

During the 12 months before the survey.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Not available.


TABLE 16. Percentage of high school students who were electronically bullied,*,† and who did not go to school because they felt unsafe at school or on their way to or from school,§ by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Electronically bullied

Did not go to school because of safety concerns

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White**

25.9

(24.1–27.9)

11.8

(10.0–13.9)

18.6

(17.2–20.1)

4.7

(3.7–6.0)

4.0

(3.2–5.0)

4.4

(3.6–5.4)

Black**

11.0

(9.2–13.1)

6.9

(5.0–9.4)

8.9

(7.6–10.4)

5.3

(3.5–7.8)

8.0

(6.3–10.1)

6.7

(5.3–8.5)

Hispanic

18.0

(16.0–20.2)

9.5

(8.1–11.3)

13.6

(12.1–15.3)

9.6

(7.7–11.8)

8.5

(6.7–10.8)

9.1

(7.7–10.6)

Grade

9

22.6

(20.1–25.3)

8.9

(7.3–10.8)

15.5

(14.0–17.2)

6.3

(4.8–8.1)

5.4

(4.2–6.8)

5.8

(4.7–7.2)

10

24.2

(21.8–26.7)

12.6

(9.6–16.3)

18.1

(16.4–20.0)

7.1

(5.5–9.1)

6.4

(4.8–8.6)

6.8

(5.4–8.4)

11

19.8

(17.3–22.5)

12.4

(9.9–15.4)

16.0

(13.7–18.5)

5.1

(3.8–6.8)

5.3

(4.2–6.8)

5.2

(4.2–6.4)

12

21.5

(18.9–24.4)

8.8

(7.0–10.9)

15.0

(13.3–16.8)

5.1

(3.8–6.9)

5.9

(4.6–7.5)

5.5

(4.5–6.8)

Total

22.1

(20.9–23.3)

10.8

(9.6–12.0)

16.2

(15.3–17.2)

6.0

(5.0–7.2)

5.8

(5.0–6.9)

5.9

(5.1–6.9)

* During the 12 months before the survey.

Including being bullied through e-mail, chat rooms, instant messaging, Web sites, or texting.

§ On at least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey.

95% confidence interval.

** Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 17. Percentage of high school students who were electronically bullied,*,† and who did not go to school because they felt unsafe at school or on their way to or from school,§ by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Electronically bullied

Did not go to school because of safety concerns

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

17.0

(12.6–22.7)

7.4

(5.5–10.1)

12.3

(9.3–16.2)

4.6

(3.3–6.6)

5.2

(3.0–9.0)

5.1

(3.4–7.5)

Alaska

20.5

(17.4–24.1)

10.2

(7.7–13.5)

15.3

(13.3–17.5)

4.8

(3.3–6.9)

4.4

(2.9–6.7)

4.7

(3.5–6.1)

Arizona

—**

6.6

(4.8–9.0)

7.1

(5.7–8.8)

7.0

(5.7–8.5)

Arkansas

22.5

(18.9–26.6)

11.1

(8.2–15.0)

16.7

(13.8–20.0)

5.3

(3.0–9.1)

5.5

(4.3–6.9)

5.7

(4.3–7.4)

Colorado

17.9

(14.9–21.3)

11.1

(8.9–13.6)

14.4

(12.3–16.9)

3.4

(2.2–5.2)

4.7

(3.3–6.7)

4.4

(3.2–6.0)

Connecticut

20.1

(17.1–23.3)

12.5

(10.7–14.5)

16.3

(14.6–18.0)

4.3

(2.6–7.1)

6.1

(4.8–7.7)

5.3

(3.9–7.0)

Delaware

5.4

(4.2–7.1)

4.8

(3.3–6.8)

5.1

(4.0–6.5)

Florida

16.6

(15.1–18.1)

8.3

(7.2–9.6)

12.4

(11.3–13.5)

6.8

(5.5–8.3)

6.0

(5.0–7.3)

6.5

(5.5–7.6)

Georgia

17.5

(14.6–20.8)

9.4

(7.3–12.1)

13.6

(11.5–16.0)

7.9

(4.5–13.4)

9.6

(5.8–15.4)

9.0

(5.6–14.1)

Hawaii

18.8

(16.0–22.0)

10.9

(9.3–12.9)

14.9

(13.4–16.6)

6.7

(5.6–8.1)

6.2

(4.9–7.9)

6.6

(5.7–7.6)

Idaho

21.4

(19.0–24.0)

12.8

(9.8–16.7)

17.0

(14.7–19.6)

3.5

(2.2–5.6)

3.3

(2.5–4.4)

3.5

(2.6–4.7)

Illinois

21.5

(18.0–25.4)

10.5

(8.3–13.2)

16.0

(13.4–18.9)

5.2

(4.0–6.7)

4.1

(3.2–5.3)

4.7

(3.8–5.6)

Indiana

25.5

(22.6–28.7)

12.1

(9.3–15.7)

18.7

(16.4–21.2)

6.2

(4.1–9.2)

3.7

(2.0–6.6)

4.9

(3.2–7.6)

Iowa

23.5

(20.8–26.4)

10.2

(7.8–13.3)

16.8

(14.9–19.0)

3.5

(2.2–5.5)

4.2

(2.7–6.4)

4.0

(2.9–5.5)

Kansas

19.2

(16.6–22.1)

11.8

(9.7–14.3)

15.5

(13.7–17.4)

5.3

(3.6–7.8)

3.6

(1.9–6.7)

4.6

(3.3–6.3)

Kentucky

21.9

(18.3–25.9)

13.1

(10.2–16.8)

17.4

(15.2–19.9)

7.3

(5.8–9.1)

8.9

(6.4–12.3)

8.4

(6.5–10.8)

Louisiana

25.0

(19.5–31.3)

10.7

(8.0–14.3)

18.0

(14.9–21.6)

7.8

(4.5–13.4)

6.6

(3.6–11.7)

7.2

(4.5–11.3)

Maine

25.5

(23.8–27.2)

14.1

(13.1–15.2)

19.7

(18.6–20.9)

4.5

(4.0–5.1)

4.3

(3.8–4.9)

4.6

(4.1–5.0)

Maryland

17.4

(14.6–20.7)

10.4

(8.9–12.3)

14.2

(12.6–15.9)

4.9

(3.4–7.2)

9.0

(6.2–12.9)

7.4

(5.4–10.1)

Massachusetts

4.4

(3.5–5.6)

5.0

(3.6–7.0)

4.8

(3.8–6.1)

Michigan

22.8

(19.7–26.2)

13.4

(11.6–15.4)

18.0

(16.2–19.9)

6.1

(4.3–8.6)

4.4

(3.2–6.0)

5.3

(4.1–6.9)

Mississippi

16.4

(14.0–19.1)

8.4

(6.1–11.3)

12.5

(10.8–14.6)

4.7

(3.2–6.9)

6.0

(4.7–7.8)

5.5

(4.3–7.0)

Montana

27.3

(25.0–29.8)

11.4

(9.9–13.2)

19.2

(17.4–21.1)

4.2

(3.3–5.2)

4.2

(3.3–5.3)

4.2

(3.6–4.9)

Nebraska

20.1

(17.9–22.6)

11.8

(10.0–13.8)

15.8

(14.2–17.4)

2.8

(2.0–3.9)

4.5

(3.4–6.0)

3.8

(3.0–4.7)

New Hampshire

28.5

(24.7–32.7)

15.2

(12.6–18.1)

21.6

(19.2–24.2)

4.6

(3.2–6.6)

5.2

(3.6–7.5)

4.9

(3.8–6.3)

New Jersey

20.5

(16.1–25.7)

10.8

(8.2–14.1)

15.6

(12.4–19.4)

4.0

(2.8–5.8)

3.0

(1.7–5.3)

3.6

(2.6–5.1)

New Mexico

18.5

(16.6–20.7)

8.2

(7.0–9.5)

13.2

(11.9–14.6)

9.0

(6.0–13.3)

7.1

(5.1–9.8)

8.1

(5.6–11.4)

New York

20.9

(19.2–22.8)

11.6

(10.1–13.3)

16.2

(14.9–17.6)

6.2

(4.5–8.5)

6.6

(5.0–8.8)

6.4

(4.9–8.4)

North Carolina

20.7

(18.9–22.6)

10.6

(8.3–13.5)

15.7

(14.0–17.5)

6.8

(5.3–8.6)

6.8

(5.0–9.1)

6.8

(5.4–8.6)

North Dakota

23.4

(20.2–26.8)

11.8

(9.4–14.8)

17.4

(15.2–19.8)

Ohio

21.8

(18.1–25.9)

7.7

(5.7–10.2)

14.7

(12.6–17.1)

5.1

(3.3–7.6)

7.0

(4.9–9.8)

6.2

(4.4–8.7)

Oklahoma

22.3

(18.2–27.0)

8.8

(6.1–12.5)

15.6

(13.3–18.3)

4.4

(2.6–7.5)

2.3

(1.1–4.8)

3.5

(2.3–5.2)

Rhode Island

20.4

(16.9–24.3)

10.1

(8.7–11.8)

15.3

(13.0–18.0)

5.5

(4.3–7.0)

5.7

(4.6–7.2)

5.9

(4.8–7.2)

South Carolina

21.8

(17.7–26.6)

9.5

(6.7–13.3)

15.6

(12.8–18.8)

6.9

(5.0–9.6)

10.7

(7.7–14.6)

9.0

(6.8–11.7)

South Dakota

25.7

(22.1–29.6)

13.7

(10.7–17.3)

19.6

(17.7–21.6)

3.3

(1.9–5.6)

4.3

(3.2–5.7)

3.9

(3.0–5.1)

Tennessee

19.6

(17.2–22.2)

8.5

(7.2–10.1)

13.9

(12.6–15.4)

5.1

(3.8–6.9)

4.8

(3.5–6.5)

5.0

(4.2–5.9)

Texas

17.7

(15.3–20.5)

8.6

(7.5–9.8)

13.0

(11.7–14.5)

7.7

(6.0–9.8)

6.3

(4.9–8.1)

7.1

(5.7–8.7)

Utah

20.3

(16.9–24.1)

13.2

(10.9–15.9)

16.6

(14.4–19.0)

5.0

(3.7–6.8)

5.8

(3.8–8.7)

5.6

(4.2–7.4)

Vermont

20.7

(18.8–22.7)

10.2

(9.4–11.0)

15.2

(14.1–16.4)

4.4

(3.4–5.7)

4.0

(2.9–5.6)

4.3

(3.4–5.4)

Virginia

21.0

(16.7–26.0)

8.8

(6.4–12.1)

14.8

(12.0–18.2)

6.2

(4.0–9.4)

4.7

(2.7–7.9)

5.5

(3.9–7.8)

West Virginia

20.7

(17.4–24.4)

10.6

(8.0–13.8)

15.5

(13.2–18.1)

5.7

(3.3–9.7)

4.2

(3.0–5.8)

4.9

(3.4–7.2)

Wisconsin

21.8

(19.3–24.5)

11.7

(9.9–13.7)

16.6

(15.2–18.2)

3.9

(2.7–5.6)

2.9

(1.8–4.5)

3.4

(2.4–4.7)

Wyoming

25.0

(22.4–27.8)

12.5

(10.8–14.3)

18.7

(17.2–20.4)

6.8

(5.4–8.4)

5.3

(4.2–6.8)

6.1

(5.2–7.2)

Median

20.8

10.7

15.6

5.1

5.1

5.2

Range

16.4–28.5

7.4–15.2

12.3–21.6

2.8–9.0

2.3–10.7

3.4–9.0


TABLE 17. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who were electronically bullied,*,† and who did not go to school because they felt unsafe at school or on their way to or from school§ by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Electronically bullied

Did not go to school because of safety concerns

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

14.9

(11.1–19.8)

6.5

(3.7–11.0)

10.8

(8.6–13.4)

8.4

(6.2–11.3)

8.4

(5.5–12.6)

8.4

(6.3–11.1)

Broward County, FL

13.6

(11.3–16.2)

8.4

(6.6–10.8)

11.0

(9.4–12.8)

8.3

(6.4–10.6)

7.6

(5.9–9.7)

8.0

(6.6–9.8)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

20.1

(16.7–24.0)

11.6

(9.2–14.4)

16.1

(13.9–18.7)

7.5

(5.4–10.4)

8.3

(6.1–11.3)

8.4

(6.5–10.9)

Chicago, IL

14.5

(12.4–17.0)

8.3

(6.4–10.6)

11.5

(9.9–13.3)

11.4

(8.8–14.6)

9.8

(7.4–12.9)

10.8

(8.8–13.2)

Dallas, TX

12.4

(9.6–15.9)

5.7

(3.7–8.5)

9.3

(7.2–11.9)

7.4

(5.3–10.2)

7.7

(5.4–10.9)

7.5

(5.8–9.7)

Detroit, MI

9.0

(6.9–11.6)

8.9

(6.8–11.5)

9.1

(7.6–10.9)

25.3

(21.6–29.3)

14.9

(11.8–18.6)

20.9

(18.3–23.7)

District of Columbia

11.5

(8.8–14.8)

9.1

(6.7–12.2)

10.6

(8.7–12.8)

6.4

(4.6–8.8)

8.7

(6.6–11.4)

7.7

(6.3–9.4)

Duval County, FL

11.4

(9.5–13.5)

10.5

(8.8–12.4)

11.0

(9.7–12.6)

Houston, TX

13.2

(10.9–16.0)

9.6

(7.7–11.8)

11.4

(9.8–13.2)

11.2

(8.9–13.9)

12.2

(9.8–15.0)

11.8

(9.9–14.0)

Los Angeles, CA

16.0

(13.5–18.8)

9.5

(7.1–12.5)

12.8

(10.8–15.2)

7.8

(5.9–10.2)

7.7

(5.6–10.5)

7.9

(6.1–10.2)

Memphis, TN

10.9

(8.7–13.6)

5.4

(3.8–7.6)

8.2

(6.7–10.1)

7.7

(5.9–10.0)

6.2

(4.5–8.7)

7.0

(5.6–8.8)

Miami-Dade County, FL

13.4

(10.8–16.5)

8.8

(7.2–10.8)

11.0

(9.8–12.4)

6.9

(5.5–8.7)

7.0

(5.4–9.0)

7.0

(5.8–8.4)

Milwaukee, WI

12.7

(10.9–14.6)

8.4

(6.4–11.0)

10.5

(9.2–12.1)

11.7

(9.5–14.5)

8.2

(6.2–10.8)

10.2

(8.4–12.5)

New York City, NY

12.8

(11.1–14.7)

8.9

(7.9–9.9)

11.0

(10.1–11.9)

8.2

(7.0–9.6)

8.5

(7.2–10.0)

8.4

(7.5–9.4)

Orange County, FL

16.7

(13.9–20.1)

7.6

(5.8–10.0)

12.2

(10.5–14.2)

7.6

(5.8–9.9)

6.5

(4.5–9.2)

7.0

(5.5–8.8)

Palm Beach County, FL

18.7

(16.1–21.5)

9.2

(7.4–11.3)

13.9

(12.4–15.6)

7.4

(5.8–9.3)

8.5

(6.8–10.6)

8.2

(6.8–9.7)

Philadelphia, PA

11.5

(9.5–13.9)

7.4

(5.5–10.0)

9.5

(8.0–11.3)

9.9

(8.1–12.1)

8.1

(6.2–10.5)

9.3

(7.9–11.1)

San Bernardino, CA

12.4

(9.8–15.4)

8.3

(6.3–10.8)

10.4

(8.7–12.4)

10.1

(8.1–12.5)

10.1

(7.5–13.6)

10.1

(8.3–12.4)

San Diego, CA

16.2

(13.1–20.0)

8.6

(6.7–10.9)

12.4

(10.4–14.6)

6.8

(4.8–9.4)

5.4

(3.9–7.4)

6.1

(4.8–7.7)

San Francisco, CA

11.5

(9.4–13.9)

11.0

(8.8–13.6)

11.4

(9.8–13.3)

5.1

(3.6–7.1)

5.8

(4.4–7.7)

6.1

(4.9–7.5)

Seattle, WA

10.8

(8.8–13.2)

9.2

(7.7–11.1)

10.1

(8.7–11.6)

5.2

(3.5–7.6)

4.2

(3.0–5.7)

5.1

(4.0–6.6)

Median

13.0

8.7

11.0

7.8

8.2

8.2

Range

9.0–20.1

5.4–11.6

8.2–16.1

5.1–25.3

4.2–14.9

5.1–20.9

* During the 12 months before the survey.

Including being bullied through e-mail, chat rooms, instant messaging, Web sites, or texting.

§ On at least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey.

95% confidence interval.

** Not available.


TABLE 18. Percentage of high school students who had their property stolen or deliberately damaged on school property,*,† by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White

21.0

(19.0–23.2)

26.8

(24.4–29.3)

24.0

(22.4–25.8)

Black

25.9

(20.6–31.9)

28.7

(25.4–32.4)

27.3

(24.6–30.1)

Hispanic

27.8

(24.3–31.6)

33.3

(30.1–36.7)

30.7

(28.4–33.2)

Grade

9

25.5

(22.2–29.2)

27.7

(24.6–31.0)

26.6

(24.2–29.2)

10

27.4

(24.1–31.0)

33.4

(28.4–38.7)

30.6

(27.4–33.9)

11

20.1

(16.7–24.1)

26.7

(24.0–29.4)

23.5

(21.1–26.1)

12

19.5

(16.9–22.3)

26.9

(24.6–29.4)

23.3

(21.5–25.1)

Total

23.4

(21.4–25.5)

28.8

(26.6–31.1)

26.1

(24.6–27.8)

* One or more times during the 12 months before the survey.

For example, car, clothing, or books.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 19. Percentage of high school students who experienced dating violence* and who were ever physically forced to have sexual intercourse, by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Dating violence

Forced to have sexual intercourse

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White

7.7

(6.3–9.4)

7.4

(6.4–8.7)

7.6

(6.6–8.6)

12.0

(10.3–13.8)

3.2

(2.6–3.9)

7.4

(6.5–8.4)

Black

11.8

(9.9–14.1)

12.4

(10.6–14.4)

12.2

(10.8–13.7)

11.0

(8.4–14.4)

6.1

(4.7–8.0)

8.6

(7.0–10.6)

Hispanic

10.6

(9.0–12.4)

12.1

(9.7–14.9)

11.4

(9.9–13.0)

11.2

(9.6–13.1)

5.4

(4.1–7.0)

8.2

(7.2–9.4)

Grade

9

7.6

(6.3–9.2)

7.4

(5.8–9.2)

7.5

(6.4–8.8)

8.2

(6.7–9.9)

3.5

(2.5–4.9)

5.8

(4.9–6.9)

10

9.8

(8.0–12.0)

9.5

(8.0–11.1)

9.6

(8.4–11.0)

12.2

(10.1–14.5)

4.2

(3.2–5.6)

8.0

(6.7–9.5)

11

9.3

(7.7–11.1)

11.2

(9.2–13.7)

10.3

(8.7–12.1)

12.7

(10.8–14.7)

5.2

(3.9–6.9)

8.8

(7.6–10.2)

12

10.7

(8.7–13.0)

10.0

(8.2–12.0)

10.3

(8.9–11.9)

14.5

(12.5–16.8)

4.7

(3.6–6.1)

9.5

(8.4–10.8)

Total

9.3

(8.2–10.5)

9.5

(8.5–10.6)

9.4

(8.6–10.3)

11.8

(10.6–13.0)

4.5

(3.8–5.3)

8.0

(7.3–8.8)

* Hit, slapped, or physically hurt on purpose by their boyfriend or girlfriend during the 12 months before the survey.

When they did not want to.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 20. Percentage of high school students who experienced dating violence* and who were ever physically forced to have sexual intercourse, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Dating violence

Forced to have sexual intercourse

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

10.5

(7.7–14.1)

12.4

(9.9–15.5)

11.5

(9.4–13.9)

13.3

(9.4–18.5)

7.5

(4.6–11.9)

10.5

(8.0–13.6)

Alaska

10.5

(7.5–14.5)

13.4

(10.6–16.9)

12.0

(9.6–15.0)

11.3

(8.5–14.7)

7.2

(5.3–9.7)

9.2

(7.3–11.6)

Arizona

11.7

(10.1–13.6)

11.1

(8.6–14.1)

11.4

(9.7–13.3)

12.8

(10.7–15.2)

7.1

(5.4–9.2)

10.0

(8.8–11.2)

Arkansas

15.2

(12.6–18.1)

15.7

(12.4–19.8)

15.6

(13.1–18.4)

12.1

(8.6–16.9)

8.4

(6.3–11.1)

10.2

(8.1–12.8)

Colorado

6.3

(4.6–8.7)

8.7

(7.1–10.7)

7.7

(6.3–9.3)

9.9

(7.1–13.7)

4.2

(2.8–6.4)

7.0

(5.2–9.4)

Connecticut

7.0

(5.3–9.1)

9.3

(7.3–11.8)

8.2

(6.8–9.8)

10.2

(8.4–12.4)

4.4

(3.6–5.4)

7.3

(6.3–8.4)

Delaware

10.3

(7.8–13.4)

9.3

(6.9–12.3)

9.7

(7.6–12.3)

12.3

(9.9–15.0)

4.6

(3.1–6.8)

8.5

(7.1–10.2)

Florida

8.3

(7.3–9.4)

10.2

(9.0–11.5)

9.3

(8.5–10.2)

9.3

(8.4–10.4)

5.0

(4.2–5.8)

7.2

(6.6–8.0)

Georgia

16.6

(12.6–21.7)

15.4

(12.0–19.7)

16.1

(12.7–20.3)

Hawaii

9.0

(7.0–11.6)

7.9

(6.3–10.0)

8.5

(7.1–10.2)

9.8

(8.0–12.0)

4.2

(3.0–5.9)

7.1

(5.8–8.5)

Idaho

8.9

(6.9–11.3)

8.5

(6.3–11.4)

8.7

(7.1–10.5)

13.9

(11.1–17.3)

4.0

(2.2–7.0)

8.8

(7.1–10.8)

Illinois

9.6

(8.2–11.2)

12.4

(10.7–14.2)

11.1

(10.0–12.2)

11.5

(10.0–13.3)

5.3

(4.0–7.1)

8.4

(7.4–9.6)

Indiana

10.6

(8.1–13.8)

12.0

(9.1–15.6)

11.3

(9.0–14.0)

14.5

(12.0–17.5)

5.2

(3.5–7.7)

9.8

(8.1–11.9)

Iowa

6.9

(5.5–8.6)

8.7

(5.8–13.0)

8.0

(6.4–10.0)

10.0

(7.5–13.2)

3.8

(2.3–6.3)

6.9

(5.2–9.0)

Kansas

11.6

(9.7–13.8)

9.9

(7.7–12.8)

10.7

(9.0–12.7)

10.0

(8.1–12.2)

5.2

(4.1–6.7)

7.5

(6.4–8.9)

Kentucky

13.8

(10.8–17.6)

14.8

(11.9–18.2)

14.3

(12.4–16.4)

13.0

(10.4–16.2)

8.8

(6.4–12.1)

11.0

(9.1–13.2)

Louisiana

13.3

(9.3–18.7)

15.2

(12.0–19.1)

14.2

(11.2–17.9)

Maine

10.7

(9.8–11.6)

11.6

(10.5–12.7)

11.3

(10.6–12.0)

10.3

(9.5–11.2)

5.7

(5.1–6.4)

8.0

(7.4–8.7)

Maryland

14.8

(11.4–19.0)

17.0

(13.5–21.2)

16.0

(13.0–19.5)

Massachusetts

Michigan

12.1

(9.6–15.1)

11.6

(10.0–13.3)

11.9

(10.3–13.7)

10.8

(9.0–12.9)

5.1

(3.9–6.7)

7.9

(6.7–9.3)

Mississippi

9.9

(7.8–12.6)

14.1

(11.8–16.6)

12.0

(10.2–14.2)

11.0

(8.9–13.6)

5.4

(3.7–7.9)

8.2

(6.9–9.9)

Montana

10.5

(9.2–11.9)

11.4

(10.0–12.9)

11.0

(10.1–11.9)

13.2

(11.3–15.4)

6.6

(5.6–7.9)

9.8

(8.7–11.1)

Nebraska

11.1

(9.4–13.2)

10.7

(8.9–12.7)

10.9

(9.7–12.3)

11.1

(9.2–13.3)

5.3

(4.1–6.9)

8.1

(6.9–9.5)

New Hampshire

7.2

(5.4–9.5)

9.6

(7.7–12.1)

8.4

(7.1–10.0)

8.4

(6.3–11.1)

4.1

(2.7–6.3)

6.1

(4.8–7.8)

New Jersey

10.5

(8.6–12.8)

11.4

(8.3–15.5)

11.0

(9.1–13.3)

10.3

(7.1–14.7)

5.6

(3.4–9.0)

8.0

(5.8–10.9)

New Mexico

8.9

(7.9–10.0)

9.6

(8.5–10.8)

9.2

(8.5–10.1)

11.4

(10.4–12.5)

5.9

(5.0–7.0)

8.6

(7.8–9.5)

New York

9.3

(8.1–10.7)

11.2

(9.7–12.8)

10.3

(9.5–11.1)

8.4

(7.2–9.8)

6.4

(5.1–7.8)

7.4

(6.6–8.2)

North Carolina

13.3

(9.7–18.1)

14.7

(11.4–18.7)

14.1

(11.5–17.2)

12.3

(9.7–15.6)

6.6

(5.1–8.5)

9.5

(7.6–11.7)

North Dakota

6.7

(5.3–8.4)

6.7

(4.9–9.2)

6.7

(5.5–8.1)

10.2

(8.1–12.7)

3.0

(2.0–4.4)

6.4

(5.2–7.9)

Ohio

14.2

(10.8–18.4)

3.9

(2.6–5.7)

9.0

(6.8–11.6)

Oklahoma

7.4

(5.2–10.3)

6.3

(4.4–9.0)

6.8

(5.3–8.7)

14.4

(11.3–18.2)

3.6

(2.0–6.1)

8.9

(6.9–11.4)

Rhode Island

7.6

(6.4–8.9)

8.6

(7.0–10.6)

8.2

(7.5–8.9)

8.3

(7.1–9.7)

5.2

(4.4–6.2)

6.9

(6.0–7.9)

South Carolina

12.9

(10.0–16.4)

10.7

(8.8–13.1)

11.8

(10.1–13.9)

13.4

(10.3–17.3)

8.0

(5.8–10.9)

10.7

(9.1–12.6)

South Dakota

11.6

(9.1–14.8)

13.8

(11.3–16.8)

12.8

(10.8–15.1)

13.5

(10.8–16.7)

5.8

(4.4–7.8)

9.6

(8.0–11.5)

Tennessee

10.1

(8.6–11.7)

8.7

(6.6–11.4)

9.4

(8.1–10.9)

11.1

(9.1–13.6)

4.2

(3.0–5.8)

7.6

(6.4–8.9)

Texas

13.2

(11.6–15.0)

10.4

(9.4–11.6)

11.8

(11.0–12.7)

12.7

(11.0–14.5)

5.0

(3.9–6.5)

8.8

(7.8–9.9)

Utah

9.4

(7.7–11.4)

13.9

(10.6–18.1)

11.8

(9.6–14.4)

9.3

(7.2–11.9)

6.5

(4.2–10.0)

7.9

(6.5–9.6)

Vermont

5.2

(4.2–6.4)

7.7

(6.8–8.6)

6.5

(5.7–7.3)

7.7

(6.3–9.4)

3.5

(3.0–4.0)

5.6

(4.9–6.3)

Virginia

13.4

(10.8–16.4)

10.7

(8.0–14.0)

12.1

(10.3–14.1)

West Virginia

8.1

(6.4–10.2)

12.4

(9.7–15.6)

10.3

(8.8–11.9)

10.9

(8.8–13.4)

6.3

(4.6–8.7)

8.5

(7.0–10.4)

Wisconsin

7.9

(6.2–10.1)

7.8

(6.4–9.6)

7.9

(6.7–9.3)

Wyoming

14.5

(12.1–17.2)

13.9

(11.9–16.2)

14.2

(12.6–16.0)

16.5

(14.2–19.1)

7.9

(6.6–9.4)

12.2

(10.9–13.6)

Median

10.5

11.1

11.0

11.1

5.3

8.4

Range

5.2–16.6

6.3–17.0

6.5–16.1

7.7–16.5

3.0–8.8

5.6–12.2


TABLE 20. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who experienced dating violence* and who were ever physically forced to have sexual intercourse, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Dating violence

Forced to have sexual intercourse

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

12.6

(8.6–18.1)

14.7

(10.7–20.0)

13.7

(10.4–17.8)

15.8

(12.1–20.4)

9.2

(6.4–13.1)

12.6

(10.0–15.7)

Broward County, FL

7.3

(5.7–9.4)

12.2

(9.7–15.4)

9.9

(8.3–11.8)

7.4

(5.7–9.7)

5.5

(4.1–7.3)

6.5

(5.4–7.9)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

12.7

(10.5–15.4)

14.1

(10.8–18.1)

13.6

(11.4–16.2)

13.2

(10.4–16.6)

7.0

(5.0–9.7)

10.3

(8.5–12.4)

Chicago, IL

15.3

(12.8–18.2)

16.8

(14.4–19.6)

16.3

(14.4–18.4)

10.9

(8.5–13.7)

7.5

(5.6–9.9)

9.3

(7.7–11.2)

Dallas, TX

13.9

(10.3–18.5)

12.9

(10.1–16.4)

13.4

(10.8–16.3)

11.2

(8.8–14.1)

6.4

(4.4–9.2)

8.8

(7.2–10.6)

Detroit, MI

29.0

(25.3–33.0)

18.6

(15.7–21.8)

24.2

(21.9–26.7)

11.3

(9.3–13.6)

7.4

(5.5–9.9)

9.7

(8.3–11.4)

District of Columbia

13.6

(10.8–17.0)

15.5

(12.7–18.7)

14.7

(12.7–17.0)

12.7

(10.3–15.7)

6.3

(4.5–8.6)

9.7

(8.0–11.7)

Duval County, FL

15.1

(13.2–17.2)

15.9

(13.8–18.1)

15.5

(14.1–17.1)

14.0

(12.2–16.2)

9.6

(7.9–11.5)

11.9

(10.6–13.4)

Houston, TX

12.6

(10.5–15.1)

16.1

(13.7–18.8)

14.3

(12.6–16.3)

9.3

(7.6–11.4)

7.7

(6.0–9.8)

8.5

(7.2–10.0)

Los Angeles, CA

11.0

(8.9–13.7)

10.9

(7.7–15.2)

11.1

(9.0–13.8)

9.5

(7.4–12.0)

5.8

(4.0–8.2)

7.7

(6.1–9.8)

Memphis, TN

10.8

(8.6–13.5)

9.7

(7.5–12.5)

10.4

(8.9–12.2)

8.8

(7.0–11.0)

5.5

(3.8–8.0)

7.2

(5.9–8.7)

Miami-Dade County, FL

10.3

(8.2–12.8)

10.9

(9.2–12.9)

10.7

(9.4–12.2)

7.5

(5.9–9.3)

7.0

(5.3–9.2)

7.3

(6.1–8.7)

Milwaukee, WI

13.3

(10.7–16.5)

13.2

(11.1–15.6)

13.2

(11.4–15.2)

New York City, NY

9.6

(8.7–10.7)

11.0

(9.7–12.5)

10.4

(9.6–11.3)

7.7

(6.8–8.7)

5.2

(4.4–6.2)

6.5

(5.8–7.2)

Orange County, FL

8.1

(6.2–10.5)

9.5

(7.1–12.5)

8.9

(7.3–10.8)

9.0

(6.6–12.2)

5.1

(3.5–7.4)

7.0

(5.6–8.7)

Palm Beach County, FL

9.2

(7.5–11.3)

12.0

(9.7–14.7)

10.7

(8.9–12.7)

10.0

(8.1–12.3)

7.0

(5.1–9.5)

8.5

(7.1–10.2)

Philadelphia, PA

16.4

(13.9–19.2)

13.5

(10.5–17.1)

15.2

(13.2–17.4)

11.6

(9.8–13.7)

9.2

(6.8–12.3)

10.7

(8.8–12.9)

San Bernardino, CA

9.3

(7.3–11.9)

9.3

(7.2–11.7)

9.3

(7.8–11.1)

9.0

(6.7–12.1)

5.3

(3.5–7.8)

7.1

(5.7–8.8)

San Diego, CA

11.2

(8.8–14.2)

11.9

(9.7–14.6)

11.6

(9.8–13.6)

7.9

(6.3–9.9)

5.9

(4.3–8.2)

6.9

(5.7–8.3)

San Francisco, CA

6.4

(4.8–8.4)

8.1

(6.4–10.3)

7.6

(6.3–9.0)

6.9

(4.9–9.4)

7.0

(5.0–9.6)

7.1

(5.6–9.1)

Seattle, WA

10.2

(8.0–12.9)

12.2

(10.0–14.8)

11.4

(9.8–13.2)

6.3

(4.8–8.2)

6.6

(5.0–8.6)

6.7

(5.5–8.1)

Median

11.2

12.2

11.6

9.4

6.8

8.1

Range

6.4–29.0

8.1–18.6

7.6–24.2

6.3–15.8

5.1–9.6

6.5–12.6

* Hit, slapped, or physically hurt on purpose by their boyfriend or girlfriend during the 12 months before the survey.

When they did not want to.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Not available.


TABLE 21. Percentage of high school students who felt sad or hopeless,*,† by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White

34.3

(31.9–36.8)

20.7

(18.5–22.9)

27.2

(25.8–28.7)

Black

31.4

(27.6–35.4)

18.0

(14.7–22.0)

24.7

(22.1–27.4)

Hispanic

41.4

(38.9–43.9)

24.4

(21.5–27.4)

32.6

(30.6–34.7)

Grade

9

37.4

(34.1–41.0)

18.2

(15.7–21.0)

27.6

(25.3–30.1)

10

37.2

(34.4–40.0)

21.1

(18.2–24.3)

28.7

(26.5–31.1)

11

34.3

(30.8–37.9)

23.6

(21.4–25.9)

28.8

(26.8–30.9)

12

34.4

(31.4–37.5)

23.6

(21.4–25.8)

28.9

(27.1–30.6)

Total

35.9

(34.1–37.8)

21.5

(19.9–23.1)

28.5

(27.2–29.7)

* Almost every day for 2 or more weeks in a row so that they stopped doing some usual activities.

During the 12 months before the survey.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 22. Percentage of high school students who felt sad or hopeless,*,† by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

32.6

(28.2–37.3)

19.2

(14.9–24.3)

25.8

(22.0–29.9)

Alaska

32.8

(28.4–37.6)

19.4

(16.6–22.6)

25.9

(23.2–28.9)

Arizona

38.9

(35.3–42.7)

28.5

(25.9–31.3)

33.6

(31.1–36.2)

Arkansas

36.2

(32.8–39.7)

20.9

(17.6–24.7)

28.4

(25.6–31.3)

Colorado

27.1

(21.8–33.1)

16.9

(14.3–20.0)

21.9

(18.6–25.5)

Connecticut

31.0

(26.8–35.5)

18.0

(15.2–21.2)

24.4

(21.7–27.2)

Delaware

34.0

(30.2–38.1)

19.2

(16.4–22.4)

26.8

(24.5–29.2)

Florida

32.9

(30.6–35.3)

18.7

(17.0–20.5)

25.7

(24.2–27.3)

Georgia

38.5

(34.8–42.4)

22.6

(18.5–27.2)

30.6

(27.5–33.9)

Hawaii

35.2

(31.8–38.8)

23.5

(21.1–26.0)

29.5

(27.4–31.6)

Idaho

33.6

(29.6–38.0)

21.3

(18.5–24.4)

27.3

(24.7–30.1)

Illinois

34.7

(30.7–38.8)

20.7

(18.7–22.9)

27.6

(25.1–30.2)

Indiana

34.5

(31.2–37.9)

23.7

(19.0–29.2)

29.1

(26.3–31.9)

Iowa

28.3

(24.8–32.2)

17.5

(14.5–21.0)

22.8

(20.4–25.2)

Kansas

26.9

(23.6–30.6)

17.0

(14.0–20.4)

21.9

(19.1–24.9)

Kentucky

32.1

(28.6–35.9)

22.1

(19.0–25.5)

27.0

(24.5–29.8)

Louisiana

34.9

(30.9–39.1)

24.9

(19.0–32.0)

30.1

(26.6–33.9)

Maine

27.5

(26.0–29.1)

16.6

(15.6–17.8)

22.0

(21.0–23.0)

Maryland

31.4

(27.5–35.6)

19.2

(16.6–22.1)

25.4

(22.6–28.3)

Massachusetts

31.5

(29.1–34.1)

19.0

(16.6–21.7)

25.2

(23.3–27.2)

Michigan

31.6

(29.0–34.3)

20.5

(18.6–22.7)

26.0

(24.1–27.9)

Mississippi

34.0

(31.3–36.7)

16.7

(13.5–20.6)

25.5

(23.4–27.8)

Montana

30.8

(28.3–33.3)

19.9

(17.8–22.1)

25.2

(23.4–27.1)

Nebraska

27.7

(24.3–31.4)

14.5

(12.7–16.5)

21.0

(18.9–23.2)

New Hampshire

31.3

(27.0–35.8)

19.4

(16.9–22.2)

25.2

(22.6–27.8)

New Jersey

33.4

(29.1–38.0)

19.0

(15.8–22.8)

26.1

(23.4–29.0)

New Mexico

37.3

(35.2–39.4)

21.2

(19.4–23.1)

29.1

(28.0–30.2)

New York

31.8

(28.7–35.1)

18.1

(15.7–20.9)

24.9

(23.0–26.8)

North Carolina

32.6

(29.4–36.0)

24.0

(20.7–27.7)

28.3

(25.6–31.2)

North Dakota

31.2

(27.8–34.9)

16.6

(13.9–19.6)

23.8

(21.1–26.8)

Ohio

33.9

(27.3–41.2)

20.2

(17.5–23.2)

27.1

(23.0–31.6)

Oklahoma

35.7

(32.3–39.3)

21.2

(16.5–26.9)

28.6

(25.5–32.0)

Rhode Island

31.5

(28.9–34.2)

17.6

(15.7–19.6)

24.6

(22.8–26.5)

South Carolina

38.1

(32.0–44.7)

22.8

(17.7–28.8)

30.5

(25.8–35.7)

South Dakota

Tennessee

32.8

(29.8–35.9)

19.3

(16.8–22.1)

25.9

(23.8–28.0)

Texas

36.9

(34.6–39.1)

22.0

(20.3–23.7)

29.2

(27.8–30.8)

Utah

33.2

(28.4–38.4)

20.4

(16.8–24.5)

26.7

(23.6–30.0)

Vermont

24.6

(21.3–28.3)

14.0

(12.1–16.2)

19.2

(16.8–22.0)

Virginia

33.9

(29.8–38.2)

17.3

(13.3–22.2)

25.5

(22.0–29.4)

West Virginia

32.6

(28.2–37.4)

16.8

(13.9–20.1)

24.5

(21.6–27.6)

Wisconsin

30.1

(26.7–33.7)

15.5

(13.1–18.3)

22.7

(20.5–25.0)

Wyoming

30.0

(27.3–32.8)

21.1

(18.7–23.7)

25.5

(23.7–27.4)

Median

32.7

19.3

25.8

Range

24.6–38.9

14.0–28.5

19.2–33.6


TABLE 22. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who felt sad or hopeless,*,† by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

31.9

(26.9–37.2)

18.1

(13.5–23.8)

24.8

(20.8–29.2)

Broward County, FL

34.7

(31.3–38.2)

18.7

(16.1–21.6)

26.7

(24.5–29.0)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

36.6

(32.2–41.3)

22.6

(19.7–25.8)

29.9

(26.8–33.1)

Chicago, IL

38.7

(34.5–43.2)

21.1

(18.3–24.3)

30.3

(27.2–33.6)

Dallas, TX

41.3

(36.3–46.6)

23.7

(20.4–27.4)

32.8

(29.7–36.0)

Detroit, MI

33.8

(30.3–37.5)

22.1

(18.5–26.2)

28.2

(25.7–31.0)

District of Columbia

28.1

(24.5–31.9)

21.0

(17.4–25.1)

24.9

(22.2–27.7)

Duval County, FL

34.1

(31.5–36.9)

20.9

(18.8–23.2)

27.6

(25.7–29.5)

Houston, TX

35.4

(31.3–39.7)

25.7

(22.9–28.7)

30.5

(27.9–33.3)

Los Angeles, CA

36.5

(31.8–41.5)

19.2

(16.4–22.4)

27.6

(24.7–30.8)

Memphis, TN

32.3

(29.0–35.7)

15.6

(12.9–18.8)

24.0

(21.5–26.5)

Miami-Dade County, FL

32.6

(29.7–35.7)

18.1

(15.5–21.0)

25.4

(23.6–27.4)

Milwaukee, WI

34.4

(30.2–38.9)

21.2

(18.2–24.7)

27.7

(24.8–30.9)

New York City, NY

33.0

(31.0–35.0)

20.8

(19.5–22.2)

26.9

(25.6–28.2)

Orange County, FL

39.1

(34.6–43.7)

19.5

(16.6–22.7)

29.3

(26.3–32.5)

Palm Beach County, FL

32.6

(29.6–35.8)

18.0

(15.7–20.6)

25.3

(23.2–27.4)

Philadelphia, PA

39.0

(35.5–42.6)

23.7

(20.3–27.4)

31.5

(29.3–33.9)

San Bernardino, CA

39.3

(35.4–43.4)

23.1

(20.2–26.2)

31.2

(28.3–34.2)

San Diego, CA

33.0

(29.2–37.0)

18.5

(15.8–21.5)

25.6

(23.0–28.3)

San Francisco, CA

31.4

(28.0–35.0)

20.0

(17.1–23.2)

25.9

(23.6–28.3)

Seattle, WA

25.2

(22.0–28.7)

18.1

(15.5–21.1)

21.7

(19.3–24.3)

Median

34.1

20.8

27.6

Range

25.2–41.3

15.6–25.7

21.7–32.8

* Almost every day for 2 or more weeks in a row so that they stopped doing some usual activities.

During the 12 months before the survey.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Not available.


TABLE 23. Percentage of high school students who seriously considered attempting suicide* and who made a plan about how they would attempt suicide,* by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Seriously considered attempting suicide

Made a suicide plan

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White§

18.4

(16.8–20.2)

12.8

(11.5–14.2)

15.5

(14.3–16.8)

13.7

(12.3–15.1)

10.6

(9.3–12.1)

12.1

(11.2–13.1)

Black§

17.4

(14.9–20.1)

9.0

(6.9–11.7)

13.2

(11.5–15.0)

13.9

(11.6–16.6)

8.4

(5.9–11.6)

11.1

(9.5–12.9)

Hispanic

21.0

(19.0–23.2)

12.6

(10.7–14.6)

16.7

(15.2–18.4)

17.6

(16.2–19.0)

11.1

(9.3–13.2)

14.3

(12.9–15.8)

Grade

9

21.5

(19.2–24.0)

12.9

(11.3–14.8)

17.1

(15.6–18.8)

16.9

(14.8–19.1)

10.4

(8.9–12.2)

13.6

(12.2–15.1)

10

22.3

(20.0–24.7)

11.4

(9.4–13.7)

16.5

(15.2–18.0)

17.9

(15.9–20.1)

11.3

(9.6–13.4)

14.4

(13.3–15.7)

11

16.7

(14.8–18.9)

14.3

(11.9–17.1)

15.5

(13.7–17.4)

12.3

(10.3–14.5)

11.6

(9.3–14.5)

11.9

(10.1–14.0)

12

15.8

(13.8–18.1)

11.5

(9.6–13.7)

13.6

(12.2–15.1)

12.0

(10.3–14.0)

9.5

(7.9–11.4)

10.7

(9.4–12.2)

Total

19.3

(18.2–20.4)

12.5

(11.6–13.5)

15.8

(15.1–16.5)

15.0

(14.0–16.0)

10.8

(9.7–11.9)

12.8

(12.0–13.6)

* During the 12 months before the survey.

95% confidence interval.

§ Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 24. Percentage of high school students who seriously considered attempting suicide* and who made a plan about how they would attempt suicide,* by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Seriously considered attempting suicide

Made a suicide plan

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

18.9

(15.4–23.0)

12.3

(10.2–14.8)

15.7

(13.2–18.5)

14.7

(11.6–18.6)

9.0

(6.7–12.0)

11.8

(9.5–14.5)

Alaska

16.8

(13.3–21.1)

12.2

(9.6–15.4)

14.5

(12.1–17.3)

14.3

(11.2–17.9)

11.2

(8.5–14.6)

12.8

(10.9–14.9)

Arizona

22.0

(19.4–24.9)

15.5

(12.9–18.6)

18.7

(16.6–21.0)

17.6

(15.3–20.2)

14.9

(13.2–16.7)

16.3

(15.2–17.4)

Arkansas

17.6

(13.3–22.9)

11.2

(8.7–14.3)

14.3

(11.9–17.2)

14.4

(11.2–18.4)

12.3

(9.8–15.2)

13.4

(11.2–16.0)

Colorado

17.5

(13.5–22.5)

12.1

(9.6–15.0)

14.8

(12.2–17.8)

13.7

(10.5–17.7)

9.3

(6.9–12.3)

11.4

(9.3–13.8)

Connecticut

17.3

(14.7–20.4)

11.9

(9.4–15.0)

14.6

(12.8–16.6)

§

Delaware

16.7

(14.1–19.5)

10.3

(8.1–13.0)

13.5

(11.8–15.3)

11.8

(9.5–14.5)

8.7

(6.8–11.2)

10.3

(8.6–12.2)

Florida

15.0

(13.2–16.9)

9.2

(8.2–10.4)

12.1

(11.0–13.2)

11.1

(9.7–12.5)

7.8

(6.8–9.0)

9.4

(8.6–10.4)

Georgia

19.1

(16.1–22.5)

11.7

(9.0–15.0)

15.5

(13.4–17.8)

14.1

(12.1–16.4)

11.5

(9.0–14.5)

12.8

(10.9–14.9)

Hawaii

20.2

(18.2–22.4)

12.0

(9.8–14.4)

16.1

(14.4–18.1)

17.9

(15.5–20.6)

11.8

(10.0–13.8)

15.0

(13.3–16.9)

Idaho

16.8

(14.1–20.0)

14.0

(11.6–16.9)

15.4

(13.1–17.9)

13.2

(10.7–16.2)

11.9

(9.5–14.7)

12.6

(10.8–14.5)

Illinois

17.9

(15.7–20.4)

10.6

(9.0–12.6)

14.3

(13.1–15.6)

16.1

(14.2–18.3)

10.1

(8.3–12.2)

13.1

(11.6–14.8)

Indiana

21.5

(17.6–26.1)

16.3

(13.0–20.3)

18.9

(15.8–22.5)

14.2

(12.4–16.3)

12.8

(10.4–15.7)

13.6

(11.9–15.5)

Iowa

17.6

(15.0–20.6)

11.8

(9.1–15.2)

14.6

(12.7–16.7)

13.8

(11.2–17.0)

9.2

(6.9–12.1)

11.5

(9.8–13.4)

Kansas

13.6

(11.1–16.7)

10.0

(8.5–11.9)

11.8

(10.3–13.5)

10.6

(8.4–13.3)

9.3

(7.6–11.4)

9.9

(8.2–11.9)

Kentucky

18.0

(14.7–21.8)

11.6

(9.3–14.4)

14.8

(12.4–17.6)

14.5

(12.1–17.2)

12.8

(11.1–14.7)

13.7

(12.0–15.5)

Louisiana

17.1

(11.0–25.6)

15.6

(11.4–21.0)

16.4

(12.1–21.9)

13.8

(9.2–20.1)

10.2

(6.8–15.0)

12.0

(8.4–16.9)

Maine

12.8

(11.8–13.9)

9.8

(8.9–10.8)

11.4

(10.5–12.3)

10.4

(9.3–11.6)

7.7

(6.9–8.6)

9.0

(8.3–9.8)

Maryland

19.3

(16.7–22.1)

12.9

(9.7–16.9)

16.2

(13.7–19.0)

14.5

(12.7–16.5)

10.0

(7.6–13.1)

12.6

(10.9–14.4)

Massachusetts

16.1

(14.1–18.3)

10.5

(9.1–12.1)

13.3

(12.1–14.7)

13.9

(12.1–15.9)

10.5

(8.8–12.6)

12.2

(10.9–13.6)

Michigan

18.7

(16.9–20.7)

12.8

(11.2–14.6)

15.7

(14.5–17.0)

14.7

(13.1–16.4)

11.0

(9.4–12.9)

12.8

(11.6–14.0)

Mississippi

16.0

(13.6–18.9)

10.6

(8.4–13.2)

13.3

(11.3–15.5)

12.7

(10.8–14.9)

8.0

(6.1–10.3)

10.4

(9.1–11.8)

Montana

17.1

(15.4–18.9)

13.4

(11.9–15.0)

15.2

(14.1–16.5)

13.1

(11.6–14.8)

11.4

(10.0–13.0)

12.3

(11.2–13.5)

Nebraska

18.0

(15.5–20.9)

10.8

(9.1–12.7)

14.2

(12.7–15.9)

13.4

(11.5–15.5)

8.6

(6.9–10.8)

10.9

(9.7–12.3)

New Hampshire

16.8

(13.6–20.5)

12.2

(9.9–15.0)

14.3

(12.1–16.8)

11.4

(8.8–14.7)

10.8

(8.8–13.3)

11.0

(9.1–13.3)

New Jersey

16.0

(12.7–20.0)

9.8

(8.2–11.7)

12.9

(10.6–15.6)

12.3

(9.7–15.3)

9.6

(7.6–12.1)

10.9

(8.9–13.3)

New Mexico

20.8

(19.0–22.6)

12.8

(11.7–14.1)

16.7

(15.7–17.8)

16.1

(14.7–17.5)

10.8

(9.7–12.2)

13.4

(12.6–14.4)

New York

15.9

(14.6–17.3)

10.0

(8.1–12.3)

12.9

(12.1–13.8)

North Carolina

15.1

(12.5–18.1)

13.5

(11.0–16.5)

14.3

(12.5–16.4)

13.2

(11.2–15.6)

13.6

(11.7–15.9)

13.5

(12.1–15.0)

North Dakota

19.4

(16.3–22.8)

10.0

(8.2–12.3)

14.7

(12.7–16.9)

14.5

(12.1–17.2)

9.6

(7.4–12.4)

12.1

(10.6–13.8)

Ohio

18.1

(14.2–22.8)

10.7

(8.3–13.6)

14.3

(11.5–17.6)

16.0

(11.9–21.1)

12.9

(10.6–15.6)

14.5

(11.6–17.9)

Oklahoma

18.7

(15.7–22.1)

9.8

(7.6–12.6)

14.3

(12.7–16.0)

13.8

(11.0–17.1)

7.3

(5.2–10.3)

10.7

(9.3–12.2)

Rhode Island

14.6

(13.6–15.7)

10.1

(8.6–11.7)

12.3

(11.4–13.3)

12.7

(10.8–14.9)

8.8

(7.9–9.8)

10.7

(9.5–12.1)

South Carolina

19.9

(15.9–24.6)

10.9

(8.7–13.6)

15.5

(12.8–18.6)

17.8

(14.7–21.3)

11.0

(9.0–13.4)

14.4

(12.5–16.5)

South Dakota

22.3

(17.1–28.5)

13.5

(10.3–17.6)

17.8

(13.9–22.7)

15.8

(11.8–20.8)

10.0

(7.3–13.7)

12.8

(9.7–16.8)

Tennessee

17.8

(15.0–21.1)

11.4

(9.8–13.3)

14.7

(13.1–16.3)

13.6

(11.5–16.0)

8.7

(6.9–11.0)

11.1

(9.7–12.8)

Texas

19.8

(18.1–21.7)

11.8

(10.2–13.7)

15.8

(14.6–17.1)

16.9

(15.4–18.4)

9.6

(8.2–11.2)

13.2

(12.2–14.2)

Utah

16.4

(13.6–19.8)

11.7

(9.5–14.5)

14.2

(12.3–16.4)

13.2

(10.1–17.2)

11.1

(8.9–13.9)

12.4

(10.4–14.7)

Vermont

10.1

(8.1–12.6)

6.8

(5.6–8.2)

8.4

(7.0–10.1)

Virginia

21.9

(18.5–25.7)

12.0

(9.1–15.8)

16.9

(14.3–20.0)

16.0

(12.2–20.7)

10.6

(8.3–13.5)

13.2

(10.5–16.5)

West Virginia

16.7

(13.2–21.0)

9.6

(7.7–11.9)

13.0

(10.9–15.6)

12.4

(9.2–16.4)

7.9

(5.8–10.7)

10.1

(8.0–12.7)

Wisconsin

17.0

(14.6–19.6)

10.0

(8.1–12.4)

13.5

(11.8–15.3)

13.2

(11.1–15.7)

9.8

(8.0–12.0)

11.5

(9.8–13.4)

Wyoming

20.2

(17.9–22.7)

14.7

(12.6–17.0)

17.4

(15.9–19.1)

16.5

(14.5–18.8)

12.0

(9.9–14.4)

14.2

(12.8–15.9)

Median

17.6

11.7

14.6

13.8

10.1

12.3

Range

12.8–22.3

9.2–16.3

11.4–18.9

10.1–17.9

6.8–14.9

8.4–16.3


TABLE 24. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who seriously considered attempting suicide* and who made a plan about how they would attempt suicide,* by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Seriously considered attempting suicide

Made a suicide plan

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

17.5

(13.1–23.0)

9.0

(6.4–12.4)

13.2

(10.6–16.3)

10.3

(7.6–13.8)

8.4

(5.3–12.9)

9.3

(7.4–11.7)

Broward County, FL

14.4

(11.3–18.2)

10.2

(8.4–12.4)

12.3

(10.3–14.6)

12.3

(9.7–15.5)

7.9

(6.1–10.1)

10.1

(8.4–12.0)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

16.7

(13.3–20.7)

12.0

(9.8–14.5)

14.5

(12.4–17.0)

13.8

(11.1–17.0)

11.2

(8.7–14.4)

12.9

(10.8–15.3)

Chicago, IL

19.8

(17.4–22.4)

10.8

(9.1–12.7)

15.5

(14.2–17.0)

16.1

(13.6–18.9)

11.5

(9.4–14.0)

13.9

(12.4–15.6)

Dallas, TX

17.0

(13.0–22.0)

8.9

(6.4–12.2)

13.1

(10.9–15.6)

13.6

(10.8–16.9)

7.8

(5.5–11.1)

10.7

(8.6–13.3)

Detroit, MI

19.6

(16.7–22.9)

10.8

(8.6–13.5)

15.7

(13.6–18.0)

15.6

(13.1–18.6)

10.6

(8.2–13.6)

13.2

(11.3–15.4)

District of Columbia

12.4

(10.1–15.0)

9.3

(7.1–12.1)

11.1

(9.6–12.9)

11.2

(9.0–13.8)

10.7

(7.8–14.4)

11.2

(9.1–13.7)

Duval County, FL

18.1

(15.9–20.5)

11.6

(9.9–13.5)

14.9

(13.5–16.4)

16.6

(14.6–18.8)

12.8

(11.1–14.7)

14.7

(13.4–16.1)

Houston, TX

15.9

(13.2–19.0)

12.5

(10.6–14.6)

14.2

(12.6–15.8)

15.6

(13.0–18.5)

12.7

(10.8–14.9)

14.1

(12.6–15.8)

Los Angeles, CA

19.3

(17.1–21.6)

9.5

(6.0–14.7)

14.3

(12.2–16.8)

16.9

(14.3–19.8)

10.4

(8.2–13.0)

13.6

(11.8–15.7)

Memphis, TN

17.9

(14.9–21.3)

7.9

(5.9–10.6)

12.9

(11.1–15.1)

12.1

(9.9–14.7)

5.0

(3.6–7.0)

8.6

(7.1–10.3)

Miami-Dade County, FL

13.4

(11.1–16.1)

7.7

(6.0–9.8)

10.7

(9.2–12.3)

11.0

(9.2–13.1)

6.9

(5.6–8.6)

9.1

(7.9–10.5)

Milwaukee, WI

16.3

(14.0–18.9)

9.0

(7.2–11.1)

12.6

(11.1–14.4)

13.4

(11.6–15.5)

10.2

(8.1–12.8)

11.8

(10.4–13.3)

New York City, NY

14.9

(13.6–16.2)

8.1

(7.3–8.9)

11.6

(10.9–12.2)

Orange County, FL

20.0

(17.0–23.4)

9.0

(6.7–12.0)

14.5

(12.5–16.7)

13.7

(10.8–17.2)

7.6

(5.4–10.7)

10.6

(8.7–12.9)

Palm Beach County, FL

15.4

(13.3–17.7)

10.4

(8.5–12.7)

12.9

(11.4–14.6)

12.0

(10.0–14.4)

9.3

(7.5–11.3)

10.6

(9.3–12.1)

Philadelphia, PA

17.0

(14.8–19.5)

11.0

(8.7–13.8)

14.1

(12.4–15.9)

12.4

(10.6–14.5)

9.3

(7.1–12.0)

10.9

(9.3–12.8)

San Bernardino, CA

19.0

(16.3–22.0)

10.7

(8.4–13.4)

14.9

(12.9–17.1)

13.8

(11.6–16.4)

8.9

(7.0–11.4)

11.4

(9.8–13.1)

San Diego, CA

16.3

(12.9–20.4)

10.4

(8.2–13.0)

13.3

(11.1–15.8)

15.1

(11.9–18.9)

7.9

(6.0–10.5)

11.5

(9.5–13.8)

San Francisco, CA

14.5

(12.2–17.2)

10.5

(8.6–12.8)

12.9

(11.3–14.7)

16.9

(14.4–19.7)

12.0

(9.9–14.5)

14.9

(13.1–16.9)

Seattle, WA

12.1

(10.0–14.6)

10.4

(8.4–12.8)

11.4

(9.8–13.2)

12.4

(10.3–14.8)

11.6

(9.6–13.9)

12.1

(10.8–13.6)

Median

16.7

10.4

13.2

13.6

9.7

11.4

Range

12.1–20.0

7.7–12.5

10.7–15.7

10.3–16.9

5.0–12.8

8.6–14.9

* During the 12 months before the survey.

95% confidence interval.

§ Not available.


TABLE 25. Percentage of high school students who attempted suicide* and whose suicide attempt resulted in an injury, poisoning, or overdose that had to be treated by a doctor or nurse, by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Attempted suicide

Suicide attempt treated by a doctor or nurse

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White

7.9

(6.9–9.1)

4.6

(3.8–5.5)

6.2

(5.6–6.9)

2.2

(1.6–3.0)

1.5

(1.1–2.0)

1.9

(1.4–2.4)

Black

8.8

(7.0–11.0)

7.7

(5.2–11.3)

8.3

(6.8–10.0)

2.4

(1.7–3.3)

2.4

(1.4–4.1)

2.4

(1.7–3.4)

Hispanic

13.5

(11.8–15.3)

6.9

(5.4–8.7)

10.2

(8.8–11.8)

4.1

(3.0–5.6)

2.2

(1.5–3.3)

3.2

(2.4–4.2)

Grade

9

11.8

(10.0–13.8)

6.8

(5.4–8.6)

9.3

(8.0–10.8)

3.7

(2.7–5.0)

2.0

(1.4–2.9)

2.8

(2.2–3.6)

10

11.6

(10.2–13.1)

5.1

(4.0–6.5)

8.2

(7.5–9.1)

3.4

(2.6–4.4)

1.8

(1.3–2.7)

2.6

(2.1–3.2)

11

7.4

(6.0–9.0)

5.9

(4.6–7.6)

6.6

(5.5–7.9)

2.0

(1.4–2.9)

1.9

(1.2–2.9)

1.9

(1.4–2.6)

12

7.7

(6.3–9.3)

5.0

(4.0–6.3)

6.3

(5.4–7.4)

2.3

(1.6–3.2)

1.8

(1.1–3.0)

2.0

(1.5–2.8)

Total

9.8

(8.9–10.7)

5.8

(5.0–6.7)

7.8

(7.1–8.5)

2.9

(2.4–3.6)

1.9

(1.5–2.4)

2.4

(2.0–2.9)

* One or more times during the 12 months before the survey.

During the 12 months before the survey.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 26. Percentage of high school students who attempted suicide* and whose suicide attempt resulted in an injury, poisoning, or overdose that had to be treated by a doctor or nurse, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Attempted suicide

Suicide attempt treated by a doctor or nurse

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

9.6

(7.1–12.8)

4.7

(3.0–7.1)

7.1

(5.5–9.2)

3.7

(2.1–6.5)

1.5

(0.7–3.2)

2.6

(1.5–4.4)

Alaska

9.9

(6.7–14.5)

7.4

(5.3–10.2)

8.7

(6.5–11.6)

2.4

(1.4–4.4)

2.7

(1.6–4.7)

2.7

(1.8–3.9)

Arizona

11.7

(9.7–14.1)

9.0

(7.0–11.3)

10.3

(9.1–11.7)

3.9

(2.6–5.7)

2.8

(1.8–4.4)

3.3

(2.6–4.3)

Arkansas

11.3

(8.7–14.6)

8.5

(5.4–13.1)

10.0

(8.1–12.2)

4.5

(2.7–7.3)

3.5

(1.8–6.7)

4.1

(2.9–5.7)

Colorado

8.4

(5.7–12.2)

3.8

(2.2–6.7)

6.1

(4.3–8.6)

2.7

(1.6–4.5)

1.7

(0.9–3.0)

2.2

(1.4–3.4)

Connecticut

8.2

(6.7–10.0)

5.2

(3.8–7.0)

6.7

(5.5–8.0)

Delaware

8.8

(6.6–11.6)

6.7

(5.1–8.9)

7.8

(6.3–9.6)

2.4

(1.5–3.8)

2.4

(1.5–4.1)

2.4

(1.6–3.5)

Florida

8.2

(7.1–9.5)

5.5

(4.6–6.6)

6.9

(6.1–7.8)

2.0

(1.6–2.5)

2.4

(1.8–3.3)

2.3

(1.9–2.7)

Georgia

10.9

(8.3–14.3)

10.0

(7.6–13.0)

10.8

(8.6–13.5)

3.2

(2.1–4.8)

3.8

(2.3–6.1)

3.6

(2.6–4.8)

Hawaii

10.5

(8.6–12.9)

6.5

(4.8–8.6)

8.6

(7.1–10.5)

4.1

(3.0–5.5)

2.6

(1.6–4.4)

3.4

(2.5–4.6)

Idaho

8.1

(5.9–11.0)

5.1

(3.7–7.0)

6.5

(5.0–8.5)

2.3

(1.3–3.8)

1.5

(0.9–2.5)

1.9

(1.3–2.7)

Illinois

9.4

(7.5–11.8)

6.3

(5.0–8.0)

8.0

(6.7–9.4)

2.8

(1.7–4.6)

2.4

(1.6–3.6)

2.6

(1.9–3.6)

Indiana

11.4

(8.5–15.1)

10.5

(7.6–14.3)

11.0

(8.9–13.4)

3.9

(2.4–6.3)

4.0

(2.5–6.3)

3.9

(3.2–4.9)

Iowa

7.7

(6.0–9.7)

4.1

(2.5–6.6)

6.0

(4.8–7.4)

2.0

(1.2–3.2)

1.8

(0.9–3.5)

1.9

(1.2–3.0)

Kansas

5.7

(3.8–8.3)

6.0

(4.7–7.6)

5.9

(4.6–7.6)

2.2

(1.2–3.8)

2.8

(1.9–3.9)

2.5

(1.8–3.3)

Kentucky

10.8

(7.8–14.7)

10.4

(7.7–13.8)

10.9

(8.6–13.8)

4.1

(2.5–6.5)

4.9

(3.3–7.3)

4.6

(3.2–6.5)

Louisiana

10.4

(6.1–17.3)

10.6

(6.6–16.6)

10.6

(6.9–15.9)

6.3

(3.6–10.7)

4.3

(2.7–6.7)

5.4

(3.5–8.2)

Maine

7.1

(6.2–8.1)

7.7

(7.0–8.4)

7.6

(6.9–8.2)

Maryland

11.1

(8.2–14.9)

10.1

(7.6–13.2)

10.9

(8.5–13.9)

4.9

(3.2–7.6)

5.2

(4.0–6.7)

5.2

(3.9–6.9)

Massachusetts

8.2

(6.5–10.3)

5.2

(3.9–6.9)

6.8

(5.5–8.3)

2.1

(1.4–3.2)

2.4

(1.6–3.5)

2.3

(1.7–3.0)

Michigan

9.2

(7.7–10.9)

7.0

(5.7–8.5)

8.1

(7.0–9.3)

3.3

(2.2–4.9)

2.1

(1.5–2.9)

2.7

(2.0–3.6)

Mississippi

9.5

(7.0–12.7)

7.2

(5.1–10.1)

8.5

(6.6–11.0)

2.8

(1.6–4.8)

3.1

(1.8–5.3)

3.1

(2.1–4.6)

Montana

6.9

(5.7–8.3)

6.0

(4.8–7.5)

6.5

(5.5–7.7)

2.4

(1.7–3.4)

2.2

(1.7–2.8)

2.4

(1.9–3.0)

Nebraska

8.5

(6.8–10.5)

6.8

(5.2–8.8)

7.7

(6.4–9.2)

2.5

(1.7–3.6)

2.6

(1.7–3.9)

2.6

(1.9–3.4)

New Hampshire

7.5

(5.4–10.3)

4.8

(3.3–6.9)

6.1

(4.8–7.9)

2.9

(1.7–4.7)

2.0

(1.1–3.4)

2.4

(1.6–3.6)

New Jersey

6.5

(5.0–8.5)

5.6

(4.0–7.7)

6.0

(4.7–7.6)

1.8

(0.8–3.9)

2.5

(1.6–4.0)

2.1

(1.4–3.3)

New Mexico

12.3

(10.8–13.9)

5.0

(4.1–6.2)

8.6

(7.8–9.6)

4.2

(3.4–5.1)

1.8

(1.3–2.3)

3.0

(2.6–3.5)

New York

8.0

(6.6–9.7)

6.1

(4.6–8.1)

7.1

(6.1–8.3)

2.7

(1.8–4.0)

2.4

(1.7–3.4)

2.6

(2.0–3.4)

North Carolina

3.8

(2.8–5.3)

6.1

(4.3–8.7)

5.0

(3.8–6.5)

North Dakota

12.0

(9.9–14.5)

9.6

(7.8–11.8)

10.8

(9.4–12.3)

Ohio

9.9

(6.8–14.1)

8.0

(6.0–10.7)

9.1

(7.1–11.6)

3.9

(2.4–6.2)

4.1

(2.5–6.4)

4.0

(2.8–5.7)

Oklahoma

9.1

(6.4–12.9)

3.4

(1.8–6.2)

6.3

(4.5–8.7)

1.4

(0.6–3.0)

0.9

(0.2–3.7)

1.1

(0.6–2.1)

Rhode Island

8.1

(6.5–10.0)

9.1

(7.5–11.0)

8.7

(7.3–10.4)

3.0

(2.2–4.2)

4.7

(3.6–6.3)

3.9

(2.9–5.1)

South Carolina

12.8

(9.4–17.2)

8.6

(6.2–11.8)

11.0

(9.0–13.3)

4.3

(2.9–6.4)

3.1

(2.1–4.5)

3.7

(2.8–5.0)

South Dakota

10.6

(6.2–17.5)

5.1

(2.7–9.6)

7.9

(4.7–13.0)

4.3

(2.7–6.9)

1.3

(0.7–2.6)

2.8

(2.0–4.0)

Tennessee

8.5

(6.9–10.4)

3.9

(2.7–5.6)

6.2

(5.1–7.4)

3.0

(2.3–4.0)

1.3

(0.6–2.6)

2.2

(1.6–3.0)

Texas

12.9

(11.0–15.1)

8.4

(7.0–10.2)

10.8

(9.7–12.1)

4.6

(3.5–6.1)

2.2

(1.4–3.4)

3.5

(2.8–4.3)

Utah

6.5

(4.4–9.6)

7.3

(5.5–9.8)

7.2

(5.6–9.2)

2.8

(1.5–5.1)

3.3

(2.0–5.6)

3.1

(2.1–4.6)

Vermont

4.5

(3.3–6.2)

2.7

(2.2–3.3)

3.6

(2.8–4.6)

Virginia

12.4

(9.4–16.2)

8.4

(5.4–12.8)

10.5

(8.2–13.2)

3.7

(2.2–6.3)

3.1

(1.7–5.4)

3.4

(2.3–4.9)

West Virginia

6.2

(4.2–9.1)

4.8

(3.2–7.2)

5.5

(4.0–7.6)

1.9

(0.9–4.2)

1.8

(1.0–3.2)

1.9

(1.1–3.1)

Wisconsin

7.8

(6.1–9.9)

5.5

(4.2–7.1)

6.7

(5.5–8.1)

3.0

(2.0–4.6)

2.3

(1.7–2.9)

2.6

(2.0–3.5)

Wyoming

12.0

(10.0–14.4)

10.5

(8.5–12.9)

11.3

(9.9–13.0)

6.0

(4.7–7.7)

3.7

(2.6–5.4)

4.9

(4.0–6.1)

Median

9.1

6.6

7.8

3.0

2.5

2.7

Range

4.5–12.9

2.7–10.6

3.6–11.3

1.4–6.3

0.9–6.1

1.1–5.4


TABLE 26. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who attempted suicide* and whose suicide attempt resulted in an injury, poisoning, or overdose that had to be treated by a doctor or nurse, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Attempted suicide

Suicide attempt treated by a doctor or nurse

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

9.7

(7.0–13.4)

7.6

(5.3–10.8)

8.6

(6.8–10.8)

2.9

(1.5–5.4)

4.3

(2.6–6.9)

3.6

(2.4–5.2)

Broward County, FL

7.5

(5.6–10.0)

4.4

(3.0–6.4)

6.0

(4.8–7.4)

2.1

(1.2–3.6)

2.3

(1.3–4.1)

2.2

(1.5–3.2)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

12.8

(10.3–15.9)

16.7

(13.1–20.9)

15.3

(12.7–18.4)

Chicago, IL

16.0

(12.4–20.4)

15.3

(12.4–18.7)

15.8

(12.9–19.3)

5.6

(3.9–8.0)

5.6

(3.3–9.1)

5.6

(3.9–7.9)

Dallas, TX

11.4

(8.4–15.3)

6.6

(4.6–9.5)

9.1

(7.2–11.5)

4.1

(2.4–6.9)

2.5

(1.5–4.3)

3.3

(2.2–4.9)

Detroit, MI

14.0

(11.5–16.9)

9.6

(7.0–13.1)

12.3

(10.3–14.7)

5.4

(3.7–7.8)

4.0

(2.5–6.4)

5.0

(3.8–6.6)

District of Columbia

10.6

(8.2–13.6)

12.5

(9.3–16.6)

11.5

(9.5–13.9)

4.7

(3.2–6.8)

5.0

(3.2–7.7)

4.8

(3.5–6.4)

Duval County, FL

12.9

(11.1–14.9)

12.1

(9.9–14.6)

12.7

(11.3–14.3)

4.5

(3.4–6.0)

5.2

(3.9–6.8)

4.9

(4.0–6.0)

Houston, TX

10.6

(8.6–13.2)

11.4

(9.2–14.0)

11.1

(9.6–12.8)

3.0

(1.9–4.6)

3.9

(2.8–5.5)

3.6

(2.8–4.6)

Los Angeles, CA

12.8

(10.4–15.7)

8.5

(5.7–12.5)

10.8

(9.2–12.8)

4.0

(2.8–5.7)

4.2

(2.6–6.9)

4.1

(3.0–5.6)

Memphis, TN

10.6

(8.3–13.6)

4.1

(2.7–6.4)

7.6

(6.1–9.4)

2.6

(1.5–4.2)

0.3

(0.1–1.3)

1.6

(0.9–2.6)

Miami-Dade County, FL

7.9

(6.0–10.2)

5.6

(4.0–7.8)

6.8

(5.5–8.4)

2.7

(1.7–4.1)

2.9

(1.8–4.8)

2.9

(2.0–4.1)

Milwaukee, WI

14.2

(11.7–17.2)

11.6

(8.8–15.2)

13.1

(10.8–15.8)

4.4

(3.3–5.9)

3.7

(2.3–5.8)

4.0

(3.0–5.3)

New York City, NY

9.4

(8.1–10.8)

7.0

(6.0–8.0)

8.4

(7.5–9.3)

2.8

(2.3–3.5)

1.9

(1.5–2.5)

2.5

(2.1–2.9)

Orange County, FL

11.2

(8.4–14.7)

4.9

(3.3–7.2)

8.1

(6.5–10.1)

3.1

(1.9–5.0)

1.2

(0.5–2.9)

2.2

(1.5–3.3)

Palm Beach County, FL

8.8

(6.9–11.1)

7.9

(5.7–10.8)

8.5

(7.0–10.4)

2.9

(1.9–4.4)

3.6

(2.3–5.7)

3.3

(2.4–4.6)

Philadelphia, PA

13.0

(10.7–15.7)

8.8

(6.7–11.5)

11.2

(9.4–13.3)

3.7

(2.3–5.8)

3.2

(1.9–5.2)

3.6

(2.6–5.2)

San Bernardino, CA

11.5

(9.3–14.2)

6.6

(4.7–9.3)

9.2

(7.5–11.1)

3.2

(2.0–5.1)

1.7

(0.9–3.2)

2.5

(1.7–3.5)

San Diego, CA

11.2

(8.5–14.5)

6.9

(4.8–9.7)

9.1

(7.5–11.1)

3.2

(1.9–5.4)

2.7

(1.7–4.2)

3.0

(2.1–4.2)

San Francisco, CA

8.1

(6.3–10.4)

9.7

(7.4–12.6)

9.4

(7.7–11.4)

3.0

(1.8–4.8)

4.4

(3.1–6.4)

3.8

(2.8–5.3)

Seattle, WA

6.5

(4.9–8.6)

8.0

(6.0–10.6)

7.3

(5.9–8.9)

2.4

(1.5–3.9)

3.0

(1.9–4.6)

2.7

(2.0–3.7)

Median

11.2

8.0

9.2

3.1

3.4

3.4

Range

6.5–16.0

4.1–16.7

6.0–15.8

2.1–5.6

0.3–5.6

1.6–5.6

* One or more times during the 12 months before the survey.

During the 12 months before the survey.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Not available.


TABLE 27. Percentage of high school students who ever smoked cigarettes, by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Ever smoked cigarettes*

Ever smoked cigarettes daily

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

C§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White

42.6

(38.9–46.3)

45.6

(42.0–49.2)

44.2

(40.9–47.5)

11.4

(9.5–13.7)

12.5

(11.1–14.1)

12.0

(10.6–13.5)

Black

38.0

(33.7–42.6)

40.0

(36.2–43.9)

39.1

(35.7–42.5)

4.3

(2.8–6.6)

6.3

(4.7–8.4)

5.3

(4.0–7.1)

Hispanic

45.5

(40.9–50.2)

51.5

(47.1–55.8)

48.6

(44.8–52.5)

6.4

(5.3–7.7)

9.0

(7.7–10.5)

7.8

(6.8–8.8)

Grade

9

35.0

(30.2–40.1)

40.0

(36.5–43.6)

37.6

(34.2–41.1)

5.0

(3.8–6.5)

6.8

(5.2–8.9)

6.0

(4.7–7.6)

10

40.8

(36.9–44.9)

41.1

(36.8–45.6)

41.0

(37.3–44.8)

8.6

(6.8–10.8)

8.3

(6.8–10.0)

8.4

(7.2–9.9)

11

43.9

(39.5–48.5)

50.2

(45.8–54.6)

47.1

(43.5–50.8)

9.7

(7.5–12.5)

12.3

(10.6–14.3)

11.1

(9.5–12.8)

12

53.6

(49.2–57.9)

55.3

(50.6–59.9)

54.5

(50.6–58.3)

14.1

(11.8–16.9)

17.3

(14.9–19.9)

15.7

(14.1–17.4)

Total

42.9

(40.1–45.8)

46.3

(43.5–49.1)

44.7

(42.3–47.2)

9.2

(7.9–10.7)

11.0

(10.0–12.1)

10.2

(9.2–11.2)

* Ever tried cigarette smoking, even one or two puffs.

Ever smoked at least one cigarette every day for 30 days.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 28. Percentage of high school students who ever smoked cigarettes, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Ever smoked cigarettes*

Ever smoked cigarettes daily

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

47.6

(42.5–52.9)

52.9

(47.5–58.2)

50.4

(46.5–54.3)

11.5

(8.6–15.1)

15.5

(11.4–20.6)

13.5

(10.6–16.9)

Alaska

42.4

(36.7–48.2)

46.1

(41.1–51.1)

44.3

(40.4–48.3)

9.6

(6.5–14.0)

8.4

(5.6–12.3)

9.1

(6.5–12.7)

Arizona

45.8

(40.4–51.3)

47.2

(39.2–55.3)

46.5

(41.0–52.0)

Arkansas

48.0

(43.1–53.0)

54.1

(47.7–60.4)

51.0

(47.0–54.9)

9.3

(6.8–12.5)

14.4

(11.2–18.4)

11.8

(9.4–14.7)

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware

46.2

(42.3–50.1)

46.2

(42.3–50.1)

46.4

(43.1–49.6)

11.9

(9.4–15.0)

11.1

(9.2–13.5)

11.6

(9.7–13.9)

Florida

Georgia

46.8

(42.6–51.0)

47.2

(42.0–52.4)

47.1

(43.1–51.1)

Hawaii

35.7

(30.6–41.1)

39.2

(35.2–43.4)

37.3

(33.3–41.5)

6.6

(4.9–8.7)

9.2

(7.1–11.7)

7.8

(6.3–9.6)

Idaho

35.1

(29.5–41.2)

42.6

(37.8–47.5)

39.0

(34.3–43.9)

7.1

(4.6–10.8)

11.6

(8.1–16.4)

9.5

(6.9–13.0)

Illinois

44.6

(40.1–49.1)

50.1

(46.9–53.4)

47.4

(44.2–50.5)

9.0

(7.0–11.6)

11.9

(9.7–14.5)

10.5

(8.7–12.6)

Indiana

46.6

(42.2–51.1)

52.2

(48.3–56.0)

49.5

(45.9–53.0)

12.6

(10.0–15.7)

14.9

(12.3–18.1)

13.8

(11.7–16.3)

Iowa

36.6

(31.5–42.0)

41.3

(34.6–48.3)

39.1

(34.7–43.7)

9.2

(6.7–12.5)

11.5

(8.6–15.4)

10.4

(8.4–12.7)

Kansas

37.8

(32.8–43.1)

44.7

(40.3–49.2)

41.3

(37.2–45.5)

7.7

(5.8–10.2)

9.9

(7.4–13.0)

8.8

(7.1–10.8)

Kentucky

57.0

(51.4–62.4)

61.2

(56.5–65.7)

59.2

(55.0–63.2)

18.7

(15.0–23.0)

20.1

(16.2–24.6)

19.4

(16.4–22.9)

Louisiana

54.7

(46.6–62.6)

64.7

(56.6–72.0)

59.5

(52.4–66.2)

13.0

(8.4–19.6)

17.4

(12.3–24.2)

15.2

(10.9–20.8)

Maine

Maryland

41.4

(35.5–47.5)

40.6

(36.0–45.4)

41.2

(36.6–45.8)

10.9

(7.2–16.3)

10.0

(6.9–14.2)

10.5

(7.7–14.1)

Massachusetts

35.4

(31.1–39.9)

41.6

(38.1–45.3)

38.5

(35.6–41.6)

7.6

(6.1–9.5)

10.7

(8.6–13.2)

9.2

(7.6–11.0)

Michigan

36.4

(32.6–40.3)

43.8

(40.2–47.4)

40.1

(36.8–43.5)

7.2

(5.3–9.7)

11.0

(8.8–13.6)

9.1

(7.2–11.5)

Mississippi

43.9

(40.5–47.3)

52.0

(46.1–57.8)

48.0

(43.7–52.2)

7.6

(6.2–9.5)

13.0

(10.3–16.1)

10.4

(8.6–12.5)

Montana

40.6

(36.7–44.6)

47.2

(43.6–50.9)

44.0

(40.7–47.4)

10.3

(8.5–12.4)

12.5

(10.2–15.2)

11.4

(9.6–13.5)

Nebraska

38.8

(35.6–42.0)

38.5

(35.5–41.6)

38.7

(36.2–41.3)

8.7

(7.1–10.6)

9.8

(8.3–11.7)

9.3

(8.0–10.7)

New Hampshire

New Jersey

38.5

(33.4–43.9)

42.4

(35.7–49.4)

40.6

(35.8–45.5)

New Mexico

51.4

(48.3–54.5)

55.4

(51.8–59.0)

53.5

(50.5–56.4)

New York

32.7

(29.3–36.3)

34.3

(30.1–38.7)

33.5

(30.6–36.5)

North Carolina

North Dakota

41.9

(37.2–46.8)

45.9

(40.8–51.0)

44.1

(39.8–48.5)

Ohio

50.3

(42.2–58.4)

52.3

(45.7–58.8)

51.5

(45.1–57.9)

12.1

(8.4–17.1)

13.6

(10.0–18.1)

13.1

(9.9–17.2)

Oklahoma

45.8

(39.9–51.9)

54.1

(48.5–59.6)

50.0

(45.2–54.8)

9.2

(6.9–12.2)

14.5

(11.2–18.6)

11.8

(9.9–14.0)

Rhode Island

33.0

(28.8–37.4)

37.1

(32.2–42.2)

35.0

(30.9–39.3)

6.9

(5.4–8.8)

9.1

(6.3–13.0)

8.0

(6.0–10.7)

South Carolina

52.5

(47.9–56.9)

63.0

(58.3–67.5)

57.7

(53.8–61.4)

11.2

(8.3–15.0)

15.6

(12.1–19.9)

13.4

(10.8–16.6)

South Dakota

47.0

(35.9–58.3)

48.3

(40.5–56.3)

47.6

(38.8–56.5)

14.8

(10.4–20.5)

14.8

(10.3–20.8)

14.7

(10.6–20.1)

Tennessee

45.2

(40.4–50.1)

51.1

(45.5–56.7)

48.2

(43.5–53.0)

10.8

(8.1–14.2)

14.6

(11.6–18.2)

12.7

(10.2–15.8)

Texas

47.0

(43.5–50.6)

53.4

(49.5–57.2)

50.2

(47.1–53.4)

6.9

(5.7–8.4)

10.1

(8.3–12.3)

8.5

(7.3–10.0)

Utah

19.4

(15.0–24.6)

25.9

(21.5–30.7)

23.1

(19.4–27.2)

2.7

(1.8–4.1)

5.6

(3.9–7.9)

4.2

(3.2–5.4)

Vermont

Virginia

42.4

(36.4–48.6)

38.8

(33.7–44.1)

40.6

(35.5–45.8)

8.1

(5.4–12.0)

9.9

(6.8–14.2)

9.0

(6.5–12.4)

West Virginia

46.2

(39.5–53.1)

48.0

(41.3–54.8)

47.1

(41.1–53.1)

11.8

(9.0–15.3)

12.2

(9.7–15.1)

12.0

(9.8–14.5)

Wisconsin

39.8

(35.0–44.7)

41.5

(38.4–44.7)

40.7

(37.2–44.3)

7.4

(5.8–9.4)

9.8

(7.5–12.6)

8.6

(7.0–10.6)

Wyoming

46.4

(42.3–50.5)

49.8

(45.3–54.4)

48.1

(44.6–51.7)

16.6

(13.6–20.2)

15.4

(13.0–18.2)

16.0

(13.6–18.6)

Median

44.2

47.2

46.4

9.2

11.7

10.5

Range

19.4–57.0

25.9–64.7

23.1–59.5

2.7–18.7

5.6–20.1

4.2–19.4


TABLE 28. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who ever smoked cigarettes, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Ever smoked cigarettes*

Ever smoked cigarettes daily

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

38.0

(33.5–42.7)

44.2

(39.8–48.7)

41.0

(37.7–44.4)

6.9

(4.2–11.1)

9.2

(6.3–13.2)

8.0

(6.3–10.1)

Broward County, FL

32.3

(26.8–38.4)

38.5

(33.6–43.6)

35.5

(31.3–39.9)

4.3

(2.6–7.2)

6.6

(4.7–9.2)

5.5

(4.0–7.5)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

Chicago, IL

51.2

(46.6–55.7)

51.4

(47.1–55.6)

51.1

(47.7–54.6)

5.8

(4.3–7.9)

9.4

(7.2–12.3)

7.5

(6.0–9.5)

Dallas, TX

43.4

(39.1–47.8)

57.6

(53.0–62.1)

50.4

(46.5–54.3)

4.7

(3.2–6.9)

5.8

(3.8–8.7)

5.2

(3.9–6.9)

Detroit, MI

47.5

(43.7–51.3)

49.5

(43.9–55.2)

48.6

(45.2–51.9)

2.5

(1.6–3.8)

3.4

(2.4–4.9)

3.0

(2.3–3.9)

District of Columbia

41.4

(37.0–45.9)

44.0

(39.5–48.7)

43.1

(39.7–46.5)

5.7

(4.2–7.8)

10.4

(8.0–13.5)

8.1

(6.5–10.0)

Duval County, FL

6.2

(4.8–7.9)

8.8

(7.0–11.0)

7.5

(6.4–8.9)

Houston, TX

41.7

(37.6–46.0)

50.2

(46.6–53.8)

46.0

(43.1–48.8)

3.8

(2.7–5.4)

7.3

(5.6–9.5)

5.6

(4.5–7.0)

Los Angeles, CA

38.3

(33.7–43.1)

39.9

(33.9–46.1)

39.2

(34.8–43.7)

4.7

(3.3–6.7)

5.5

(3.1–9.5)

5.2

(3.7–7.4)

Memphis, TN

31.4

(27.5–35.6)

33.7

(29.9–37.7)

32.5

(29.6–35.5)

2.0

(1.1–3.9)

4.4

(2.9–6.7)

3.2

(2.3–4.5)

Miami-Dade County, FL

35.3

(32.4–38.3)

32.5

(29.4–35.7)

34.1

(31.8–36.5)

4.0

(2.9–5.6)

6.5

(4.7–8.9)

5.3

(4.1–6.8)

Milwaukee, WI

43.2

(39.9–46.6)

48.0

(43.8–52.2)

45.7

(42.8–48.7)

4.0

(2.9–5.4)

7.8

(5.6–10.7)

5.9

(4.6–7.6)

New York City, NY

28.8

(26.3–31.5)

28.9

(26.8–31.1)

28.9

(26.8–31.0)

Orange County, FL

32.0

(27.8–36.4)

40.3

(35.9–44.9)

36.2

(32.9–39.6)

4.9

(3.3–7.4)

7.1

(4.8–10.3)

6.0

(4.5–8.0)

Palm Beach County, FL

36.0

(32.0–40.3)

39.0

(34.9–43.3)

37.5

(34.0–41.2)

6.5

(5.0–8.4)

7.7

(5.6–10.5)

7.1

(5.6–8.9)

Philadelphia, PA

43.3

(39.6–47.1)

45.6

(41.6–49.6)

44.6

(41.8–47.4)

7.2

(5.7–9.0)

6.3

(4.2–9.4)

7.0

(5.5–8.8)

San Bernardino, CA

42.4

(37.6–47.3)

48.8

(43.8–53.7)

45.5

(41.8–49.4)

4.5

(3.1–6.5)

6.4

(4.5–9.0)

5.4

(4.2–7.0)

San Diego, CA

41.7

(36.3–47.3)

45.0

(40.2–49.8)

43.4

(39.0–47.9)

5.3

(3.5–7.8)

8.4

(6.8–10.3)

6.9

(5.5–8.7)

San Francisco, CA

33.6

(30.0–37.4)

37.1

(33.3–41.1)

35.6

(32.8–38.6)

6.1

(4.0–9.2)

8.9

(6.8–11.6)

7.7

(6.4–9.2)

Seattle, WA

27.8

(24.7–31.1)

34.2

(30.1–38.5)

31.4

(28.5–34.4)

5.2

(3.7–7.2)

6.6

(4.6–9.2)

6.0

(4.5–8.0)

Median

38.3

44.0

41.0

4.9

7.1

6.0

Range

27.8–51.2

28.9–57.6

28.9–51.1

2.0–7.2

3.4–10.4

3.0–8.1

* Ever tried cigarette smoking, even one or two puffs.

Ever smoked at least one cigarette every day for 30 days.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Not available.


TABLE 29. Percentage of high school students who smoked a whole cigarette for the first time before age 13 years and who currently smoked cigarettes,* by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Smoked a whole cigarette before age 13 years

Current cigarette use

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White§

8.4

(6.7–10.4)

11.2

(9.7–12.9)

9.8

(8.4–11.5)

18.9

(16.5–21.5)

21.5

(19.5–23.8)

20.3

(18.4–22.2)

Black§

6.6

(4.4–9.6)

11.1

(8.8–13.8)

8.8

(7.1–10.9)

7.4

(5.4–10.0)

13.7

(10.7–17.3)

10.5

(8.4–13.0)

Hispanic

8.7

(7.2–10.6)

14.7

(12.7–16.9)

11.8

(10.3–13.5)

15.2

(13.5–17.2)

19.5

(16.4–23.1)

17.5

(15.3–19.9)

Grade

9

9.2

(7.3–11.5)

14.8

(12.4–17.5)

12.1

(10.3–14.1)

10.9

(9.0–13.0)

15.1

(12.5–18.0)

13.0

(11.1–15.1)

10

8.5

(6.9–10.4)

11.5

(9.8–13.5)

10.1

(8.8–11.5)

15.1

(12.8–17.7)

16.1

(13.7–18.9)

15.6

(13.8–17.7)

11

8.7

(6.9–10.9)

10.9

(9.2–12.8)

9.8

(8.5–11.3)

17.2

(14.7–20.1)

21.2

(17.7–25.3)

19.3

(17.0–21.8)

12

6.8

(4.9–9.3)

9.6

(8.2–11.1)

8.2

(6.9–9.7)

22.2

(19.2–25.5)

28.0

(24.9–31.3)

25.1

(23.2–27.1)

Total

8.4

(7.1–10.0)

12.0

(10.9–13.2)

10.3

(9.3–11.5)

16.1

(14.6–17.8)

19.9

(18.2–21.7)

18.1

(16.7–19.5)

* Smoked cigarettes on at least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey.

95% confidence interval.

§ Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 30. Percentage of high school students who smoked a whole cigarette for the first time before age 13 years and who currently smoked cigarettes,* by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Smoked a whole cigarette before age 13 years

Current cigarette use

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

10.3

(8.1–13.0)

16.7

(13.4–20.6)

13.6

(11.4–16.2)

19.0

(15.6–23.0)

26.4

(21.5–32.1)

22.9

(19.5–26.6)

Alaska

10.2

(7.5–13.7)

11.7

(8.9–15.2)

11.1

(8.7–14.0)

14.7

(10.1–20.8)

13.5

(10.8–16.9)

14.1

(10.8–18.3)

Arizona

8.7

(6.8–11.0)

13.4

(11.3–15.8)

11.2

(9.8–12.8)

14.7

(12.0–17.8)

20.0

(16.5–23.9)

17.4

(14.8–20.4)

Arkansas

12.2

(8.3–17.7)

16.2

(12.7–20.5)

14.4

(11.3–18.1)

15.1

(12.1–18.7)

21.1

(17.2–25.5)

18.2

(15.2–21.6)

Colorado

6.4

(4.1–9.8)

11.2

(8.0–15.4)

8.9

(7.0–11.3)

14.0

(10.4–18.6)

17.0

(13.1–21.7)

15.7

(12.8–19.0)

Connecticut

§

14.4

(11.1–18.3)

17.3

(14.3–20.7)

15.9

(13.1–19.1)

Delaware

12.2

(9.9–14.9)

12.4

(10.2–14.9)

12.3

(10.5–14.2)

18.7

(15.8–21.9)

17.3

(14.9–20.1)

18.3

(16.2–20.5)

Florida

7.5

(6.6–8.5)

10.9

(9.5–12.4)

9.2

(8.3–10.2)

12.6

(11.2–14.2)

15.9

(13.8–18.2)

14.3

(12.9–15.8)

Georgia

10.4

(8.0–13.4)

13.2

(10.5–16.5)

12.2

(9.9–14.9)

14.5

(11.4–18.4)

19.1

(15.2–23.8)

17.0

(14.2–20.1)

Hawaii

7.6

(6.3–9.2)

9.7

(7.8–12.0)

8.7

(7.5–10.1)

10.3

(8.0–13.2)

9.8

(7.6–12.5)

10.1

(8.4–12.2)

Idaho

5.5

(3.6–8.4)

11.6

(8.8–15.1)

8.7

(6.8–11.1)

11.9

(8.7–16.0)

16.5

(12.4–21.7)

14.3

(11.1–18.3)

Illinois

8.5

(7.0–10.2)

12.1

(9.8–14.8)

10.3

(8.8–12.0)

15.9

(13.2–18.9)

19.1

(16.4–22.1)

17.5

(15.3–20.0)

Indiana

10.4

(8.5–12.7)

11.8

(10.0–13.9)

11.1

(9.6–12.9)

16.0

(13.4–19.0)

19.9

(17.4–22.8)

18.1

(15.9–20.4)

Iowa

6.9

(5.0–9.5)

10.0

(7.2–13.7)

8.5

(6.4–11.2)

18.1

(15.0–21.7)

18.2

(14.2–23.1)

18.1

(15.5–21.0)

Kansas

8.3

(6.1–11.1)

11.2

(8.6–14.4)

9.7

(7.7–12.2)

13.0

(10.5–16.1)

15.6

(12.4–19.5)

14.4

(12.0–17.2)

Kentucky

16.1

(12.4–20.7)

23.2

(18.6–28.5)

19.7

(16.8–23.1)

21.4

(17.1–26.4)

26.7

(22.4–31.4)

24.1

(21.0–27.6)

Louisiana

10.4

(6.4–16.6)

18.4

(15.2–22.0)

14.5

(10.8–19.3)

18.7

(13.4–25.4)

24.7

(18.6–32.1)

21.8

(17.7–26.5)

Maine

7.1

(6.0–8.4)

10.3

(8.9–11.9)

8.9

(7.9–10.1)

12.9

(11.7–14.3)

17.2

(15.4–19.1)

15.2

(14.0–16.5)

Maryland

9.4

(6.7–13.1)

12.2

(9.1–16.1)

10.9

(8.5–14.0)

12.3

(8.9–16.9)

12.2

(8.9–16.6)

12.5

(9.4–16.3)

Massachusetts

5.2

(3.9–7.0)

7.5

(6.0–9.4)

6.5

(5.2–8.0)

12.4

(9.8–15.5)

15.6

(13.1–18.6)

14.0

(12.2–16.0)

Michigan

6.1

(4.6–8.1)

10.2

(8.3–12.4)

8.2

(6.7–9.9)

11.1

(8.4–14.6)

16.9

(14.2–19.9)

14.0

(11.5–17.0)

Mississippi

7.7

(6.0–10.0)

18.8

(16.1–21.9)

13.3

(11.2–15.7)

13.8

(11.8–16.1)

22.2

(18.1–27.0)

17.9

(15.2–21.1)

Montana

9.6

(8.1–11.3)

12.6

(10.3–15.3)

11.1

(9.5–12.9)

14.8

(12.5–17.4)

18.1

(15.4–21.1)

16.5

(14.4–18.8)

Nebraska

7.3

(6.0–8.8)

9.1

(7.6–10.9)

8.2

(7.2–9.4)

15.5

(13.6–17.7)

14.4

(12.3–16.7)

15.0

(13.3–16.8)

New Hampshire

7.6

(5.4–10.6)

10.1

(7.8–13.2)

8.9

(7.0–11.3)

17.5

(13.4–22.6)

22.1

(18.0–26.8)

19.8

(16.3–23.9)

New Jersey

3.5

(2.3–5.4)

5.6

(3.6–8.6)

4.6

(3.4–6.2)

14.8

(11.2–19.4)

17.2

(13.3–22.0)

16.1

(13.2–19.6)

New Mexico

12.0

(10.0–14.3)

17.7

(15.0–20.8)

14.9

(12.8–17.3)

16.5

(14.6–18.6)

23.2

(19.9–26.9)

19.9

(17.6–22.4)

New York

11.8

(10.3–13.6)

13.2

(10.8–16.2)

12.5

(10.8–14.5)

North Carolina

9.3

(7.5–11.4)

15.3

(11.9–19.5)

12.4

(10.3–14.8)

14.7

(11.3–19.0)

20.5

(17.2–24.1)

17.7

(14.9–20.9)

North Dakota

7.6

(5.7–10.1)

9.3

(6.9–12.6)

8.6

(6.9–10.7)

20.5

(17.0–24.4)

18.0

(15.0–21.4)

19.4

(16.6–22.5)

Ohio

13.2

(9.6–18.0)

14.8

(11.0–19.7)

14.2

(11.0–18.2)

19.0

(13.3–26.4)

22.9

(17.7–28.9)

21.1

(16.1–27.1)

Oklahoma

7.2

(4.7–11.0)

12.8

(8.6–18.8)

10.0

(7.0–14.0)

18.7

(14.9–23.3)

26.9

(21.5–33.1)

22.7

(19.1–26.7)

Rhode Island

5.1

(3.8–6.9)

9.1

(7.5–10.9)

7.1

(5.8–8.7)

9.6

(7.6–12.1)

13.3

(9.8–17.7)

11.4

(9.0–14.4)

South Carolina

9.6

(7.1–12.8)

20.0

(16.5–24.1)

15.0

(12.5–17.8)

15.9

(12.7–19.8)

22.3

(18.4–26.9)

19.1

(16.1–22.5)

South Dakota

9.9

(6.0–15.9)

14.7

(8.4–24.4)

12.4

(7.5–19.8)

24.3

(16.6–34.1)

22.0

(17.0–27.9)

23.1

(17.1–30.5)

Tennessee

10.1

(8.3–12.4)

15.3

(12.0–19.2)

12.7

(10.8–15.0)

19.0

(15.5–22.9)

24.0

(20.3–28.2)

21.6

(18.4–25.1)

Texas

7.6

(6.2–9.2)

12.1

(10.6–13.9)

10.0

(8.9–11.1)

14.1

(12.4–16.0)

20.6

(17.5–24.0)

17.4

(15.5–19.4)

Utah

2.5

(1.4–4.3)

8.0

(5.6–11.1)

5.4

(3.9–7.4)

4.5

(3.1–6.4)

7.0

(5.1–9.5)

5.9

(4.9–7.2)

Vermont

5.5

(4.1–7.5)

8.0

(6.6–9.6)

6.8

(5.5–8.5)

11.9

(10.5–13.4)

14.3

(12.8–16.1)

13.3

(12.1–14.6)

Virginia

10.5

(7.4–14.7)

11.6

(8.2–16.2)

11.2

(8.4–14.8)

15.5

(11.3–21.0)

14.4

(10.4–19.5)

15.0

(11.3–19.5)

West Virginia

11.9

(8.5–16.4)

14.3

(11.2–18.0)

13.1

(10.1–16.8)

16.3

(12.7–20.8)

21.8

(17.6–26.8)

19.1

(16.0–22.6)

Wisconsin

8.6

(6.6–11.2)

9.2

(7.6–11.0)

8.9

(7.4–10.8)

13.5

(11.0–16.6)

15.5

(13.1–18.3)

14.6

(12.5–16.9)

Wyoming

12.4

(10.3–14.9)

14.8

(12.3–17.7)

13.7

(11.9–15.8)

21.3

(18.0–25.0)

22.8

(19.2–26.7)

22.0

(19.2–25.1)

Median

8.6

12.1

10.9

14.8

18.1

17.4

Range

2.5–16.1

5.6–23.2

4.6–19.7

4.5–24.3

7.0–26.9

5.9–24.1


TABLE 30. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who smoked a whole cigarette for the first time before age 13 years and who currently smoked cigarettes,* by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Smoked a whole cigarette before age 13 years

Current cigarette use

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

9.0

(6.8–11.8)

9.7

(7.1–13.0)

9.3

(7.6–11.3)

8.4

(6.0–11.8)

11.6

(8.1–16.4)

10.0

(8.1–12.3)

Broward County, FL

5.5

(4.0–7.5)

8.3

(6.5–10.7)

6.9

(5.6–8.4)

10.0

(7.8–12.7)

12.0

(9.6–14.9)

11.0

(9.3–12.9)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

8.2

(6.0–10.9)

11.4

(8.3–15.6)

10.0

(8.0–12.5)

11.5

(9.0–14.7)

16.2

(12.6–20.6)

14.2

(11.7–17.2)

Chicago, IL

8.5

(6.4–11.2)

14.1

(11.9–16.6)

11.1

(9.5–13.0)

12.0

(9.4–15.1)

15.5

(12.2–19.4)

13.6

(11.2–16.5)

Dallas, TX

8.0

(5.7–11.1)

17.5

(13.8–21.9)

12.7

(10.2–15.6)

11.3

(8.7–14.6)

18.2

(14.1–23.2)

14.7

(12.1–17.8)

Detroit, MI

7.3

(5.8–9.2)

9.8

(7.8–12.1)

8.6

(7.4–10.1)

3.2

(2.1–4.9)

6.1

(4.7–7.9)

4.8

(3.8–5.9)

District of Columbia

5.4

(3.8–7.5)

11.4

(8.5–15.1)

8.3

(6.5–10.6)

9.3

(7.0–12.2)

15.3

(12.1–19.2)

12.5

(10.2–15.1)

Duval County, FL

8.2

(6.7–10.1)

14.0

(12.2–16.0)

11.3

(10.0–12.8)

10.1

(8.5–11.9)

14.5

(12.1–17.2)

12.4

(10.9–14.2)

Houston, TX

6.6

(4.9–8.9)

14.6

(12.1–17.4)

10.7

(9.1–12.6)

9.2

(7.2–11.8)

15.1

(12.5–18.3)

12.3

(10.4–14.4)

Los Angeles, CA

5.7

(4.2–7.6)

12.2

(8.6–17.0)

9.2

(7.0–12.0)

6.8

(5.2–8.8)

11.0

(7.9–15.2)

9.1

(7.1–11.7)

Memphis, TN

6.3

(4.3–9.0)

7.0

(5.1–9.7)

6.6

(5.1–8.5)

4.6

(3.1–6.8)

9.7

(7.7–12.3)

7.2

(5.9–8.7)

Miami-Dade County, FL

6.0

(4.6–7.9)

6.8

(5.1–9.0)

6.4

(5.1–8.0)

10.6

(8.3–13.5)

10.9

(8.3–14.0)

10.8

(8.9–13.0)

Milwaukee, WI

10.7

(8.5–13.3)

13.5

(10.2–17.7)

12.2

(10.3–14.5)

8.2

(6.4–10.3)

12.4

(9.9–15.5)

10.4

(8.5–12.6)

New York City, NY

7.9

(6.7–9.3)

9.0

(7.8–10.4)

8.5

(7.5–9.6)

Orange County, FL

6.3

(4.3–9.1)

8.8

(6.6–11.6)

7.5

(5.8–9.5)

10.1

(7.6–13.2)

14.4

(11.3–18.2)

12.3

(10.2–14.7)

Palm Beach County, FL

6.6

(5.2–8.5)

11.4

(9.2–14.0)

9.0

(7.5–10.7)

12.8

(10.6–15.3)

12.7

(10.3–15.7)

12.8

(10.9–15.0)

Philadelphia, PA

8.3

(6.5–10.5)

11.2

(8.8–14.2)

9.9

(8.3–11.9)

7.7

(6.0–9.9)

10.8

(8.2–14.0)

9.6

(7.9–11.7)

San Bernardino, CA

7.2

(5.2–9.7)

12.7

(9.7–16.5)

10.0

(8.1–12.2)

11.3

(8.8–14.4)

16.2

(13.1–19.8)

13.6

(11.3–16.3)

San Diego, CA

6.5

(4.5–9.4)

10.8

(8.5–13.7)

8.8

(7.1–10.9)

12.4

(8.6–17.6)

15.9

(13.4–18.7)

14.2

(11.5–17.6)

San Francisco, CA

6.7

(5.1–8.7)

10.1

(7.5–13.5)

8.8

(7.3–10.7)

8.4

(6.4–11.0)

12.2

(10.0–14.9)

10.7

(9.1–12.5)

Seattle, WA

4.8

(3.5–6.6)

8.6

(6.5–11.4)

6.9

(5.5–8.5)

7.6

(5.5–10.3)

9.1

(7.2–11.5)

8.5

(6.8–10.6)

Median

6.6

11.3

9.1

9.3

12.4

11.0

Range

4.8–10.7

6.8–17.5

6.4–12.7

3.2–12.8

6.1–18.2

4.8–14.7

* Smoked cigarettes on at least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey.

95% confidence interval.

§ Not available.


TABLE 31. Percentage of high school students who currently smoked cigarettes, by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Current frequent cigarette use*

Smoked more than 10 cigarettes/day

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White

7.4

(6.0–9.1)

8.6

(7.4–10.1)

8.0

(7.1–9.1)

7.4

(4.6–11.8)

9.3

(7.4–11.6)

8.5

(6.6–10.9)

Black

1.9

(1.1–3.2)

3.4

(2.2–5.3)

2.6

(1.8–3.8)

—**

6.9

(3.0–15.2)

4.6

(2.2–9.6)

Hispanic

2.8

(1.9–4.0)

5.8

(4.9–6.8)

4.4

(3.7–5.2)

2.7

(1.2–6.1)

8.8

(5.5–13.7)

6.4

(4.2–9.7)

Grade

9

2.3

(1.6–3.3)

4.3

(3.0–6.2)

3.3

(2.5–4.4)

4.1

(1.9–8.9)

7.5

(4.5–12.3)

6.2

(4.1–9.3)

10

4.2

(3.1–5.7)

4.4

(3.2–6.0)

4.3

(3.5–5.4)

7.6

(4.0–13.8)

6.2

(3.3–11.3)

6.8

(4.1–11.1)

11

6.2

(4.5–8.4)

9.2

(7.7–10.9)

7.7

(6.5–9.1)

3.9

(1.9–8.1)

11.6

(8.3–16.0)

8.2

(5.8–11.5)

12

9.3

(7.5–11.6)

12.3

(10.7–14.1)

10.8

(9.7–12.0)

6.0

(3.1–11.5)

10.8

(7.5–15.3)

8.7

(6.1–12.3)

Total

5.4

(4.5–6.5)

7.4

(6.5–8.3)

6.4

(5.8–7.1)

5.7

(3.6–8.9)

9.4

(7.7–11.4)

7.8

(6.3–9.7)

* Smoked cigarettes on 20 or more days during the 30 days before the survey.

On the days they smoked during the 30 days before the survey, among the 18.1% of students nationwide who currently smoked cigarettes.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Non-Hispanic.

** Not available.


TABLE 32. Percentage of high school students who currently smoked cigarettes, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Current frequent cigarette use*

Smoked more than 10 cigarettes/day

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

8.1

(5.9–11.0)

10.9

(7.9–14.8)

9.5

(7.4–12.0)

7.2

(3.6–13.7)

10.7

(6.2–17.9)

9.2

(5.6–14.5)

Alaska

4.9

(3.0–7.9)

5.3

(3.2–8.8)

5.2

(3.5–7.6)

5.7

(2.5–12.1)

Arizona

4.2

(2.8–6.0)

7.5

(5.3–10.6)

5.8

(4.4–7.6)

4.6

(2.7–8.0)

9.6

(5.9–15.2)

7.4

(5.1–10.7)

Arkansas

6.3

(4.1–9.6)

8.7

(6.5–11.7)

7.5

(5.8–9.6)

8.8

(5.1–14.8)

7.8

(5.0–11.9)

Colorado

5.2

(3.1–8.6)

5.2

(3.5–7.5)

5.3

(4.4–6.5)

Connecticut

4.7

(3.0–7.3)

6.2

(4.3–9.0)

5.4

(3.9–7.5)

Delaware

7.1

(4.9–10.0)

7.9

(5.9–10.5)

7.6

(6.1–9.5)

7.8

(4.8–12.5)

10.1

(5.7–17.2)

8.7

(6.1–12.2)

Florida

3.2

(2.7–3.9)

6.0

(5.1–7.2)

4.7

(4.1–5.4)

Georgia

6.4

(4.5–8.9)

8.4

(6.1–11.7)

7.5

(5.8–9.6)

9.2

(4.8–16.8)

10.0

(5.4–17.6)

10.3

(6.6–15.6)

Hawaii

3.9

(2.8–5.5)

3.9

(2.8–5.4)

3.9

(3.0–5.1)

4.9

(2.8–8.3)

7.0

(3.2–14.6)

6.0

(3.7–9.5)

Idaho

4.0

(2.6–6.1)

7.1

(4.7–10.8)

5.7

(4.0–7.9)

3.7

(1.1–11.4)

10.4

(5.5–18.7)

7.7

(4.1–13.8)

Illinois

5.2

(3.8–7.3)

7.2

(5.6–9.3)

6.3

(5.0–7.8)

3.0

(1.0–9.0)

9.9

(6.4–15.1)

6.8

(4.3–10.5)

Indiana

7.0

(5.4–9.1)

9.1

(7.3–11.3)

8.1

(6.7–9.8)

5.5

(2.7–10.9)

9.5

(5.1–16.9)

7.7

(5.1–11.4)

Iowa

5.0

(3.0–8.3)

8.5

(5.9–12.2)

6.8

(4.8–9.7)

5.3

(2.3–11.9)

11.6

(5.7–22.3)

8.5

(4.5–15.5)

Kansas

4.4

(3.1–6.2)

6.0

(4.3–8.3)

5.2

(4.1–6.7)

3.5

(1.3–9.3)

9.0

(4.9–16.0)

6.5

(3.6–11.5)

Kentucky

10.5

(7.5–14.5)

12.3

(9.2–16.4)

11.6

(9.2–14.5)

15.8

(9.5–25.1)

20.3

(14.8–27.2)

18.2

(13.7–23.7)

Louisiana

7.2

(4.8–10.8)

11.9

(8.1–17.1)

9.4

(6.6–13.3)

16.5

(7.4–32.8)

13.2

(8.1–20.9)

Maine

5.4

(4.6–6.3)

7.8

(6.6–9.2)

6.7

(5.9–7.6)

11.0

(8.4–14.3)

18.3

(15.2–21.9)

15.3

(12.9–18.1)

Maryland

4.1

(2.1–7.9)

4.5

(2.7–7.5)

4.4

(2.7–7.2)

1.6

(0.4–6.8)

10.5

(4.7–21.9)

6.3

(3.0–12.4)

Massachusetts

4.0

(2.9–5.4)

7.2

(5.6–9.2)

5.6

(4.4–7.0)

Michigan

3.9

(2.8–5.4)

7.0

(5.1–9.4)

5.4

(4.0–7.2)

5.4

(3.8–7.6)

9.3

(6.7–12.7)

7.8

(6.0–10.0)

Mississippi

3.9

(3.1–4.9)

9.7

(7.4–12.6)

6.7

(5.4–8.3)

4.2

(1.8–9.8)

13.8

(9.3–19.9)

10.0

(7.0–14.2)

Montana

6.2

(5.0–7.6)

6.7

(5.2–8.6)

6.4

(5.3–7.9)

5.0

(3.1–7.9)

8.3

(5.3–12.8)

6.9

(4.7–9.9)

Nebraska

5.3

(4.1–7.0)

6.2

(5.1–7.6)

5.8

(4.8–6.9)

3.1

(1.6–6.0)

11.4

(7.8–16.4)

7.1

(5.1–9.8)

New Hampshire

7.9

(5.1–12.2)

11.6

(8.5–15.5)

9.7

(7.1–13.3)

New Jersey

4.4

(2.7–7.2)

5.4

(3.5–8.3)

4.9

(3.6–6.7)

2.3

(0.7–6.7)

11.2

(6.3–19.1)

7.1

(4.1–12.0)

New Mexico

4.2

(3.1–5.7)

7.3

(5.6–9.6)

5.8

(4.5–7.4)

3.8

(2.3–6.3)

7.2

(5.3–9.7)

5.9

(4.4–7.9)

New York

4.3

(3.2–5.7)

6.7

(5.2–8.6)

5.5

(4.5–6.6)

13.3

(9.2–19.0)

18.9

(14.8–23.9)

16.3

(13.7–19.4)

North Carolina

4.3

(2.5–7.3)

9.1

(7.4–11.1)

6.8

(5.1–8.8)

North Dakota

8.4

(6.5–10.7)

8.2

(5.9–11.3)

8.3

(6.5–10.5)

Ohio

8.9

(5.8–13.4)

9.8

(7.0–13.4)

9.5

(7.1–12.6)

7.2

(3.6–14.1)

17.6

(10.3–28.5)

13.5

(8.7–20.4)

Oklahoma

7.3

(5.3–10.0)

10.0

(7.2–13.7)

8.6

(7.0–10.5)

3.4

(0.7–14.6)

3.6

(1.3–9.7)

3.5

(1.5–8.1)

Rhode Island

3.2

(2.2–4.8)

5.6

(3.4–9.1)

4.4

(3.0–6.5)

4.7

(1.7–11.9)

11.4

(6.0–20.7)

8.6

(5.0–14.6)

South Carolina

5.5

(3.3–9.2)

9.7

(6.8–13.5)

7.5

(5.4–10.5)

9.4

(4.3–19.3)

7.6

(4.1–13.8)

8.3

(5.6–12.3)

South Dakota

10.4

(6.9–15.3)

9.1

(6.0–13.6)

9.8

(6.8–13.8)

1.5

(0.4–5.2)

8.0

(4.2–14.7)

4.6

(2.4–8.4)

Tennessee

7.8

(5.6–10.9)

11.1

(8.6–14.3)

9.5

(7.4–12.2)

6.8

(3.7–12.2)

15.1

(11.1–20.2)

11.5

(8.6–15.2)

Texas

3.6

(2.7–4.9)

5.4

(4.4–6.7)

4.5

(3.8–5.3)

4.5

(2.5–7.9)

3.2

(1.6–6.2)

3.7

(2.1–6.3)

Utah

1.0

(0.4–2.3)

2.8

(1.6–4.9)

2.1

(1.4–3.3)

Vermont

4.5

(3.5–5.8)

5.8

(4.8–6.9)

5.2

(4.3–6.3)

7.0

(4.2–11.6)

13.2

(10.5–16.5)

10.6

(8.6–13.0)

Virginia

4.4

(2.1–8.7)

6.4

(4.2–9.5)

5.4

(3.4–8.5)

6.7

(2.4–17.5)

14.3

(8.7–22.6)

10.7

(7.3–15.5)

West Virginia

7.0

(4.8–10.1)

9.6

(7.1–12.8)

8.3

(6.3–11.0)

9.2

(4.7–17.3)

11.7

(7.3–18.0)

10.6

(7.9–14.1)

Wisconsin

4.3

(3.3–5.5)

6.1

(4.5–8.3)

5.2

(4.2–6.5)

2.2

(0.7–7.1)

5.1

(2.0–12.1)

3.9

(2.0–7.3)

Wyoming

9.7

(7.2–13.0)

10.8

(8.5–13.7)

10.2

(8.1–12.9)

11.2

(7.8–15.7)

13.3

(8.8–19.7)

12.3

(9.2–16.2)

Median

5.0

7.3

6.3

5.1

10.4

7.8

Range

1.0–10.5

2.8–12.3

2.1–11.6

1.5–15.8

3.2–20.3

3.5–18.2


TABLE 32. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who currently smoked cigarettes, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Current frequent cigarette use*

Smoked more than 10 cigarettes/day

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

3.1

(1.6–6.2)

4.3

(2.6–7.0)

3.7

(2.7–5.1)

Broward County, FL

2.0

(1.1–3.5)

4.1

(3.0–5.7)

3.1

(2.3–4.2)

10.4

(4.8–21.0)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

4.5

(3.1–6.6)

5.9

(4.0–8.8)

5.3

(3.9–7.0)

10.3

(4.1–23.5)

8.2

(3.5–18.1)

Chicago, IL

2.0

(1.1–3.6)

4.6

(3.1–7.0)

3.2

(2.2–4.6)

4.3

(2.3–7.9)

3.1

(1.8–5.3)

Dallas, TX

1.0

(0.3–3.1)

2.8

(1.7–4.8)

2.0

(1.2–3.4)

1.9

(0.7–4.7)

Detroit, MI

0.4

(0.1–1.0)

1.5

(0.8–2.6)

0.9

(0.5–1.4)

District of Columbia

1.9

(1.0–3.7)

6.9

(5.0–9.2)

4.2

(3.2–5.5)

7.3

(3.5–14.6)

Duval County, FL

3.6

(2.7–4.8)

5.8

(4.5–7.4)

4.7

(3.8–5.8)

Houston, TX

1.0

(0.5–1.9)

3.4

(2.3–5.1)

2.2

(1.5–3.0)

4.5

(2.0–10.0)

3.8

(1.8–7.7)

Los Angeles, CA

0.9

(0.5–1.6)

3.1

(1.3–7.5)

2.2

(1.1–4.3)

11.2

(5.4–21.6)

Memphis, TN

1.0

(0.4–2.1)

3.6

(2.3–5.6)

2.3

(1.5–3.4)

9.2

(4.6–17.5)

Miami-Dade County, FL

1.7

(1.0–2.9)

4.3

(2.8–6.5)

3.0

(2.0–4.3)

9.0

(3.9–19.5)

10.8

(5.5–20.1)

9.8

(6.0–15.6)

Milwaukee, WI

2.5

(1.6–4.0)

3.8

(2.4–6.0)

3.2

(2.2–4.5)

8.3

(4.4–15.0)

New York City, NY

1.7

(1.2–2.6)

3.3

(2.7–4.1)

2.5

(2.0–3.2)

3.6

(2.1–6.1)

12.1

(8.2–17.5)

8.4

(6.1–11.4)

Orange County, FL

2.2

(1.1–4.3)

4.4

(2.8–6.7)

3.3

(2.3–4.8)

10.2

(5.9–16.9)

Palm Beach County, FL

3.8

(2.7–5.4)

4.4

(3.0–6.4)

4.2

(3.2–5.4)

7.7

(3.9–14.6)

17.2

(9.5–29.0)

12.9

(8.0–20.0)

Philadelphia, PA

2.8

(1.8–4.4)

3.5

(2.1–5.8)

3.3

(2.3–4.7)

7.9

(4.0–14.7)

San Bernardino, CA

1.7

(1.0–3.0)

4.3

(2.8–6.6)

3.0

(2.0–4.4)

6.7

(3.0–14.2)

5.2

(2.7–9.5)

San Diego, CA

2.9

(1.6–5.2)

4.4

(2.9–6.7)

3.7

(2.6–5.1)

4.0

(1.4–11.1)

2.8

(1.1–7.2)

San Francisco, CA

2.5

(1.5–4.1)

3.6

(2.4–5.5)

3.3

(2.4–4.5)

16.2

(8.7–28.1)

11.1

(6.2–19.2)

Seattle, WA

2.7

(1.6–4.4)

2.9

(1.6–5.2)

2.9

(1.8–4.5)

8.6

(5.0–14.6)

Median

2.0

4.1

3.2

7.7

10.3

8.3

Range

0.4–4.5

1.5–6.9

0.9–5.3

3.6–9.0

4.0–17.2

1.9–12.9

* Smoked cigarettes on 20 or more days during the 30 days before the survey.

On the days they smoked during the 30 days before the survey, among students who currently smoked cigarettes.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Not available.


TABLE 33. Percentage of high school students who smoked cigarettes on school property* and who usually obtained their own cigarettes by buying them in a store or gas station, by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Smoked cigarettes on school property

Bought cigarettes in a store or gas station

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White

5.0

(4.0–6.2)

5.7

(4.7–7.1)

5.4

(4.6–6.3)

9.8

(6.3–15.1)

17.5

(12.9–23.3)

13.9

(10.6–18.0)

Black

1.8

(0.8–4.0)

4.3

(3.0–6.0)

3.0

(2.1–4.4)

—**

13.7

(8.5–21.2)

Hispanic

3.1

(2.2–4.2)

5.5

(4.4–6.9)

4.4

(3.6–5.4)

7.5

(4.4–12.5)

20.8

(15.5–27.2)

14.9

(11.2–19.5)

Grade

9

2.2

(1.6–3.1)

3.4

(2.5–4.6)

2.8

(2.2–3.6)

6.5

(3.4–12.1)

10.3

(6.1–16.9)

8.7

(5.9–12.7)

10

4.2

(3.2–5.6)

4.6

(3.4–6.3)

4.4

(3.5–5.5)

6.6

(3.4–12.3)

16.1

(10.9–23.2)

11.8

(8.5–16.1)

11

5.2

(3.9–6.8)

6.7

(4.9–9.0)

5.9

(4.9–7.2)

13.4

(9.0–19.6)

22.4

(16.8–29.2)

18.3

(14.8–22.5)

12

4.7

(3.1–7.0)

8.5

(7.2–10.1)

6.6

(5.6–7.9)

15.5

(8.5–26.5)

20.8

(13.3–31.1)

18.1

(11.7–27.0)

Total

4.1

(3.4–4.8)

5.7

(5.0–6.5)

4.9

(4.4–5.4)

10.2

(7.6–13.7)

17.1

(13.5–21.3)

14.0

(11.5–16.9)

* On at least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey.

During the 30 days before the survey, among the 14.2% of students nationwide who currently smoked cigarettes and who were aged <18 years.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Non-Hispanic.

** Not available.


TABLE 34. Percentage of high school students who smoked cigarettes on school property* and who usually obtained their own cigarettes by buying them in a store or gas station, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Smoked cigarettes on school property

Bought cigarettes in a store or gas station

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

4.9

(3.1–7.5)

7.1

(4.9–10.0)

6.1

(4.8–7.8)

11.8

(5.5–23.4)

17.8

(9.5–31.1)

15.0

(8.7–24.6)

Alaska

3.9

(2.2–6.8)

3.8

(2.2–6.3)

3.9

(2.6–5.8)

3.1

(1.3–7.1)

Arizona

3.3

(2.3–4.6)

4.8

(3.4–6.7)

4.2

(3.1–5.5)

8.3

(3.8–16.9)

21.6

(12.8–34.1)

15.1

(9.7–22.7)

Arkansas

1.7

(0.9–3.3)

6.6

(4.9–8.7)

4.3

(3.4–5.6)

21.9

(14.1–32.5)

16.2

(10.5–24.1)

Colorado

11.2

(6.0–19.9)

Connecticut

Delaware

6.1

(4.4–8.5)

5.9

(4.2–8.3)

6.2

(4.8–8.0)

8.5

(4.8–14.4)

17.9

(10.7–28.5)

12.9

(9.1–17.8)

Florida

3.1

(2.4–4.0)

5.7

(4.7–6.9)

4.4

(3.8–5.2)

Georgia

5.4

(4.0–7.3)

6.9

(5.0–9.5)

6.4

(5.0–8.1)

14.9

(9.3–23.0)

21.8

(13.8–32.7)

18.1

(12.2–26.1)

Hawaii

3.4

(2.3–4.9)

3.3

(2.3–4.7)

3.4

(2.6–4.5)

1.2

(0.5–3.0)

10.1

(5.1–18.9)

5.5

(2.9–10.2)

Idaho

2.3

(1.5–3.4)

4.4

(2.7–7.2)

3.4

(2.3–4.9)

3.0

(1.3–6.6)

Illinois

3.5

(2.5–4.9)

6.8

(5.3–8.8)

5.2

(4.1–6.5)

11.3

(6.5–19.0)

20.9

(13.1–31.6)

16.4

(11.0–23.8)

Indiana

3.6

(2.2–5.6)

5.5

(4.0–7.4)

4.5

(3.5–5.8)

13.0

(6.8–23.3)

14.8

(9.3–22.7)

13.9

(10.1–19.0)

Iowa

1.7

(0.9–3.4)

5.2

(3.0–8.8)

3.5

(2.3–5.3)

5.6

(1.9–15.4)

6.4

(4.0–10.0)

6.0

(3.6–9.8)

Kansas

2.3

(1.4–3.7)

3.8

(2.5–5.8)

3.1

(2.2–4.2)

4.4

(1.7–10.8)

11.9

(8.0–17.3)

8.5

(5.8–12.4)

Kentucky

7.5

(5.4–10.2)

10.9

(8.1–14.6)

9.3

(7.3–11.8)

8.7

(4.1–17.5)

32.0

(24.2–41.0)

21.2

(15.0–29.2)

Louisiana

2.1

(1.2–3.6)

5.7

(3.9–8.2)

3.8

(2.8–5.2)

16.9

(9.0–29.4)

Maine

4.9

(3.6–6.7)

12.6

(10.3–15.4)

9.6

(8.1–11.4)

Maryland

3.6

(2.3–5.7)

4.8

(3.1–7.3)

4.3

(3.0–6.2)

10.5

(4.8–21.5)

15.2

(9.5–23.3)

Massachusetts

4.1

(2.9–5.8)

7.7

(6.0–9.8)

5.9

(4.8–7.4)

Michigan

1.9

(1.4–2.8)

4.4

(3.4–5.7)

3.2

(2.5–4.1)

11.6

(7.6–17.3)

18.6

(14.7–23.3)

15.7

(12.5–19.5)

Mississippi

2.2

(1.5–3.1)

5.6

(4.0–7.8)

3.9

(2.9–5.1)

9.0

(4.2–18.2)

25.3

(19.1–32.8)

18.9

(13.4–25.9)

Montana

3.4

(2.7–4.4)

5.1

(3.5–7.5)

4.3

(3.2–5.7)

6.0

(3.4–10.2)

11.6

(6.9–18.8)

9.0

(6.0–13.4)

Nebraska

3.5

(2.5–4.7)

4.1

(3.1–5.5)

3.8

(3.0–4.8)

3.0

(1.5–6.1)

6.7

(3.6–12.0)

5.1

(3.2–8.1)

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New Mexico

4.7

(4.0–5.6)

8.2

(6.3–10.6)

6.5

(5.4–7.8)

6.9

(4.5–10.5)

15.7

(11.5–21.0)

12.0

(9.2–15.5)

New York

North Carolina

North Dakota

3.7

(1.4–9.1)

16.6

(9.7–26.9)

9.7

(5.9–15.6)

Ohio

4.0

(2.4–6.6)

7.1

(5.0–10.2)

5.7

(4.1–8.0)

8.3

(5.9–11.6)

Oklahoma

3.0

(1.5–5.8)

4.8

(2.8–8.3)

3.9

(2.9–5.2)

16.2

(10.6–23.8)

Rhode Island

3.3

(2.2–4.8)

5.9

(4.1–8.5)

4.6

(3.5–6.1)

14.3

(8.8–22.3)

33.2

(24.9–42.7)

25.5

(20.3–31.6)

South Carolina

3.2

(1.9–5.5)

8.3

(5.5–12.3)

5.8

(3.8–8.6)

18.6

(10.7–30.4)

14.0

(9.3–20.7)

South Dakota

5.8

(4.0–8.4)

5.5

(3.5–8.4)

5.7

(4.1–7.8)

3.7

(0.8–15.8)

9.0

(5.1–15.5)

Tennessee

3.8

(2.5–5.7)

7.2

(5.5–9.4)

5.6

(4.3–7.2)

7.0

(3.7–12.8)

25.8

(20.1–32.4)

17.3

(13.1–22.5)

Texas

2.3

(1.6–3.1)

4.4

(3.1–6.0)

3.4

(2.6–4.3)

6.2

(3.1–11.7)

17.4

(12.7–23.5)

12.6

(9.4–16.6)

Utah

1.0

(0.5–1.9)

3.2

(1.8–5.5)

2.3

(1.5–3.4)

Vermont

3.5

(1.8–6.5)

9.8

(6.6–14.3)

6.9

(5.0–9.5)

Virginia

3.5

(2.0–6.1)

4.1

(2.6–6.6)

3.8

(2.6–5.6)

8.7

(5.6–13.3)

West Virginia

2.7

(1.5–4.7)

5.3

(3.3–8.2)

4.0

(2.8–5.6)

0.8

(0.1–5.2)

14.3

(6.9–27.3)

8.1

(4.1–15.4)

Wisconsin

2.9

(2.1–4.0)

4.5

(3.4–6.1)

3.7

(2.9–4.8)

Wyoming

6.8

(5.3–8.7)

7.5

(5.9–9.3)

7.1

(6.1–8.4)

7.3

(4.1–12.5)

15.6

(10.6–22.2)

11.3

(8.3–15.2)

Median

3.4

5.5

4.3

7.0

17.4

12.3

Range

1.0–7.5

3.2–10.9

2.3–9.3

0.8–14.9

6.4–33.2

3.0–25.5


TABLE 34. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who smoked cigarettes on school property* and who usually obtained their own cigarettes by buying them in a store or gas station, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Smoked cigarettes on school property

Bought cigarettes in a store or gas station

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

3.9

(2.1–7.0)

6.1

(3.8–9.8)

5.0

(3.7–6.7)

Broward County, FL

2.9

(2.0–4.2)

4.4

(3.3–6.0)

3.7

(3.0–4.7)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

4.0

(2.7–5.8)

7.6

(5.5–10.6)

6.1

(4.6–8.1)

Chicago, IL

4.4

(2.9–6.6)

7.7

(5.7–10.4)

5.9

(4.5–7.9)

42.2

(31.5–53.6)

30.1

(22.9–38.4)

Dallas, TX

2.6

(1.6–4.2)

5.1

(3.0–8.6)

3.9

(2.6–5.9)

16.4

(10.0–25.9)

Detroit, MI

0.7

(0.4–1.5)

1.9

(1.1–3.1)

1.5

(1.0–2.2)

District of Columbia

3.4

(2.1–5.3)

5.5

(3.6–8.3)

4.4

(3.2–6.0)

21.7

(14.4–31.3)

Duval County, FL

15.7

(9.4–24.9)

19.6

(13.8–27.0)

18.0

(13.6–23.5)

Houston, TX

1.1

(0.6–2.1)

3.7

(2.6–5.1)

2.5

(1.9–3.3)

33.5

(24.7–43.6)

24.5

(18.7–31.4)

Los Angeles, CA

1.7

(0.9–2.9)

3.0

(1.6–5.6)

2.6

(1.7–4.0)

10.3

(6.2–16.4)

Memphis, TN

0.9

(0.4–2.0)

3.5

(2.3–5.4)

2.2

(1.5–3.2)

Miami-Dade County, FL

2.3

(1.5–3.6)

4.5

(3.0–6.8)

3.4

(2.5–4.6)

21.2

(14.1–30.5)

Milwaukee, WI

3.1

(2.1–4.5)

4.8

(3.2–7.0)

4.1

(3.0–5.5)

New York City, NY

Orange County, FL

2.0

(1.0–4.0)

4.1

(2.4–6.7)

3.0

(1.9–4.8)

15.6

(9.9–23.8)

Palm Beach County, FL

2.8

(1.8–4.2)

4.2

(2.8–6.3)

3.5

(2.6–4.7)

13.5

(8.0–21.8)

19.3

(14.0–26.1)

Philadelphia, PA

3.2

(2.1–4.6)

5.3

(3.8–7.4)

4.3

(3.3–5.6)

San Bernardino, CA

3.1

(2.1–4.6)

7.2

(5.2–9.9)

5.1

(3.8–6.8)

12.6

(8.0–19.3)

San Diego, CA

1.6

(0.8–3.2)

4.5

(3.2–6.3)

3.2

(2.3–4.5)

15.4

(10.0–23.1)

San Francisco, CA

1.6

(0.8–3.0)

4.3

(3.1–6.0)

3.2

(2.4–4.3)

24.7

(18.5–32.1)

Seattle, WA

3.7

(2.5–5.5)

4.8

(3.1–7.2)

4.4

(3.1–6.1)

11.9

(5.9–22.6)

Median

2.8

4.5

3.7

14.6

33.5

18.0

Range

0.7–4.4

1.9–7.7

1.5–6.1

13.5–15.7

19.6–42.2

10.3–30.1

* On at least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey.

During the 30 days before the survey, among students who were aged <18 years and who currently smoked cigarettes.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Not available.


TABLE 35. Percentage of high school students who tried to quit smoking cigarettes,* by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White§

54.0

(49.5–58.5)

46.3

(41.3–51.3)

49.7

(45.7–53.7)

Black§

49.5

(38.7–60.3)

48.3

(40.4–56.4)

Hispanic

55.9

(46.8–64.6)

44.7

(37.8–51.9)

49.3

(43.5–55.1)

Grade

9

50.5

(39.8–61.2)

47.4

(40.3–54.6)

48.7

(42.4–55.0)

10

58.5

(51.7–64.9)

53.9

(47.5–60.3)

55.9

(50.7–60.9)

11

55.1

(47.3–62.7)

43.1

(35.9–50.7)

48.5

(42.3–54.6)

12

52.6

(46.8–58.3)

44.1

(37.2–51.3)

47.8

(42.7–52.9)

Total

53.9

(49.7–58.0)

47.0

(43.1–50.9)

49.9

(46.9–53.0)

* During the 12 months before the survey, among the 18.1% of students nationwide who currently smoked cigarettes.

95% confidence interval.

§ Non-Hispanic.

Not available.


TABLE 36. Percentage of high school students who tried to quit smoking cigarettes,* by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

46.9

(35.5–58.5)

44.2

(36.0–52.7)

45.7

(40.4–51.1)

Alaska

§

68.0

(57.6–76.9)

Arizona

50.3

(41.1–59.5)

44.5

(36.3–53.1)

46.8

(41.4–52.2)

Arkansas

50.6

(38.5–62.7)

52.8

(44.4–60.9)

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware

43.7

(35.1–52.6)

44.0

(34.3–54.1)

44.3

(37.4–51.4)

Florida

Georgia

51.5

(40.5–62.3)

47.0

(41.6–52.5)

48.6

(42.4–54.7)

Hawaii

67.2

(55.2–77.2)

66.4

(56.3–75.2)

66.8

(58.5–74.1)

Idaho

58.0

(47.4–68.0)

53.3

(42.1–64.1)

54.9

(47.5–62.2)

Illinois

56.5

(49.3–63.4)

54.9

(46.7–62.9)

55.6

(50.4–60.6)

Indiana

60.1

(50.6–68.9)

54.6

(44.9–64.0)

56.8

(49.7–63.6)

Iowa

44.7

(36.2–53.5)

45.7

(40.6–50.8)

45.3

(39.9–50.8)

Kansas

54.4

(45.9–62.6)

49.8

(39.7–60.0)

52.1

(46.5–57.7)

Kentucky

55.5

(47.5–63.3)

49.0

(40.3–57.7)

51.6

(46.4–56.7)

Louisiana

57.0

(43.8–69.3)

52.1

(40.4–63.6)

Maine

Maryland

50.8

(43.5–58.0)

50.7

(44.4–57.0)

Massachusetts

54.2

(46.6–61.6)

51.8

(41.9–61.6)

52.9

(46.0–59.6)

Michigan

59.0

(50.8–66.8)

54.0

(48.1–59.9)

55.9

(50.7–61.1)

Mississippi

61.8

(51.9–70.7)

55.3

(47.2–63.0)

57.8

(50.6–64.8)

Montana

59.9

(53.2–66.2)

53.0

(47.9–58.1)

56.2

(51.7–60.5)

Nebraska

62.4

(55.8–68.5)

53.3

(46.3–60.1)

57.7

(52.8–62.4)

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New Mexico

49.9

(45.4–54.4)

48.3

(44.1–52.7)

48.9

(45.4–52.5)

New York

44.7

(38.8–50.6)

45.6

(38.9–52.4)

45.1

(41.1–49.2)

North Carolina

57.7

(47.2–67.5)

44.6

(38.5–50.8)

50.0

(44.0–56.0)

North Dakota

54.9

(47.3–62.3)

50.0

(39.9–60.2)

52.8

(46.7–58.9)

Ohio

54.1

(44.0–63.8)

56.5

(48.9–63.8)

Oklahoma

42.2

(29.8–55.7)

48.9

(41.3–56.5)

46.1

(39.0–53.5)

Rhode Island

45.6

(35.2–56.4)

50.6

(46.3–54.9)

48.5

(42.9–54.3)

South Carolina

58.4

(45.7–70.1)

47.9

(39.8–56.1)

52.5

(45.3–59.5)

South Dakota

60.3

(51.7–68.2)

55.9

(42.4–68.6)

58.0

(48.8–66.8)

Tennessee

53.2

(47.5–58.9)

45.6

(39.6–51.8)

49.0

(44.0–54.0)

Texas

52.8

(44.1–61.3)

47.0

(39.7–54.4)

49.3

(43.5–55.2)

Utah

Vermont

50.9

(42.4–59.3)

39.7

(32.7–47.1)

44.4

(38.4–50.5)

Virginia

49.5

(35.4–63.8)

44.1

(31.8–57.1)

46.7

(35.4–58.3)

West Virginia

63.9

(55.5–71.5)

45.2

(38.9–51.8)

53.1

(47.1–59.0)

Wisconsin

49.1

(41.5–56.8)

47.7

(39.6–56.0)

48.3

(42.4–54.3)

Wyoming

56.4

(49.0–63.6)

53.0

(47.3–58.6)

54.7

(49.9–59.4)

Median

54.3

49.4

52.1

Range

42.2–67.2

39.7–66.4

44.3–68.0


TABLE 36. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who tried to quit smoking cigarettes,* by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

Broward County, FL

49.9

(39.0–60.9)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

55.2

(45.4–64.5)

55.5

(48.3–62.5)

Chicago, IL

55.9

(45.7–65.6)

53.3

(46.0–60.4)

Dallas, TX

58.8

(51.4–65.9)

Detroit, MI

District of Columbia

61.6

(50.9–71.2)

Duval County, FL

45.4

(36.7–54.3)

45.7

(37.7–53.9)

45.9

(40.1–51.9)

Houston, TX

51.3

(41.4–61.0)

49.3

(41.4–57.3)

Los Angeles, CA

50.4

(38.9–61.8)

Memphis, TN

53.4

(43.5–63.1)

Miami-Dade County, FL

43.7

(33.9–54.0)

37.9

(28.4–48.5)

40.5

(34.8–46.3)

Milwaukee, WI

55.1

(45.9–64.0)

New York City, NY

52.8

(45.0–60.4)

54.9

(50.3–59.4)

53.9

(49.3–58.4)

Orange County, FL

46.3

(38.4–54.5)

Palm Beach County, FL

42.6

(32.7–53.1)

42.3

(33.3–51.9)

42.8

(35.6–50.2)

Philadelphia, PA

56.9

(48.4–65.0)

San Bernardino, CA

53.2

(40.8–65.3)

57.2

(46.6–67.2)

San Diego, CA

55.3

(45.3–64.9)

52.1

(44.9–59.2)

San Francisco, CA

59.1

(48.0–69.4)

53.9

(46.2–61.4)

Seattle, WA

49.4

(38.7–60.2)

Median

44.5

54.0

53.3

Range

42.6–52.8

37.9–59.1

40.5–61.6

* During the 12 months before the survey, among students who currently smoked cigarettes.

95% confidence interval.

§ Not available.


TABLE 37. Percentage of high school students who currently used smokeless tobacco* and who used smokeless tobacco on school property,* by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Current smokeless tobacco use

Used smokeless tobacco on school property

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White§

2.4

(1.7–3.3)

15.6

(12.9–18.8)

9.3

(7.8–11.0)

0.8

(0.5–1.4)

10.1

(7.8–12.9)

5.6

(4.5–7.1)

Black§

0.8

(0.4–1.5)

5.4

(3.8–7.7)

3.1

(2.2–4.4)

0.4

(0.1–1.3)

3.4

(2.2–5.4)

1.9

(1.2–3.1)

Hispanic

2.8

(1.7–4.5)

8.7

(6.8–11.1)

5.9

(4.4–7.7)

1.4

(0.7–3.0)

5.7

(4.4–7.5)

3.7

(2.7–4.9)

Grade

9

2.0

(1.4–2.8)

9.6

(7.0–13.2)

5.9

(4.4–7.9)

0.9

(0.4–1.9)

6.4

(4.4–9.3)

3.8

(2.6–5.3)

10

2.1

(1.5–3.0)

12.1

(9.9–14.8)

7.4

(6.0–8.9)

1.0

(0.5–1.9)

7.8

(6.0–10.0)

4.5

(3.5–5.8)

11

2.3

(1.4–3.8)

14.5

(12.1–17.4)

8.6

(7.0–10.4)

0.8

(0.4–1.7)

9.1

(7.2–11.5)

5.0

(4.0–6.3)

12

2.2

(1.2–4.0)

15.0

(12.3–18.2)

8.8

(7.2–10.7)

0.7

(0.3–1.7)

10.4

(8.3–13.1)

5.7

(4.5–7.1)

Total

2.2

(1.7–2.8)

12.8

(10.9–15.0)

7.7

(6.6–9.0)

0.9

(0.6–1.3)

8.4

(6.9–10.3)

4.8

(4.0–5.9)

* Chewing tobacco, snuff, or dip on at least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey.

95% confidence interval.

§ Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 38. Percentage of high school students who currently used smokeless tobacco* and who used smokeless tobacco on school property,* by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Current smokeless tobacco use

Used smokeless tobacco on school property

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

1.8

(1.1–3.2)

17.5

(12.4–24.1)

9.8

(6.9–13.6)

0.9

(0.4–2.1)

12.1

(8.7–16.7)

6.6

(4.7–9.2)

Alaska

4.3

(2.3–7.7)

12.1

(9.3–15.5)

8.4

(6.7–10.4)

1.5

(0.7–3.3)

6.9

(4.8–9.7)

4.3

(3.1–6.0)

Arizona

3.5

(2.7–4.5)

10.4

(8.2–13.2)

7.1

(5.7–8.8)

1.3

(0.7–2.5)

5.5

(3.9–7.6)

3.5

(2.6–4.7)

Arkansas

2.6

(1.3–5.3)

20.3

(15.2–26.6)

11.6

(8.6–15.5)

1.0

(0.3–2.9)

14.4

(10.3–19.7)

7.9

(5.6–11.0)

Colorado

1.8

(0.9–3.6)

11.1

(8.2–14.9)

7.0

(5.5–8.9)

§

Connecticut

Delaware

2.1

(1.3–3.5)

11.1

(9.2–13.4)

6.6

(5.4–8.0)

1.2

(0.6–2.6)

7.1

(5.5–9.1)

4.1

(3.2–5.4)

Florida

Georgia

3.8

(1.9–7.3)

14.8

(11.6–18.8)

9.6

(7.3–12.5)

2.5

(1.3–4.6)

10.1

(7.2–14.0)

6.5

(4.7–9.0)

Hawaii

2.0

(1.4–3.0)

4.8

(3.3–6.9)

3.5

(2.6–4.7)

1.4

(0.8–2.5)

2.9

(1.8–4.7)

2.3

(1.6–3.2)

Idaho

3.3

(2.2–4.9)

14.5

(10.6–19.5)

9.0

(6.8–11.9)

0.9

(0.4–1.9)

9.3

(6.5–13.1)

5.2

(3.7–7.3)

Illinois

1.4

(0.8–2.4)

10.1

(7.8–13.1)

5.8

(4.6–7.3)

0.4

(0.2–0.9)

4.8

(3.4–6.8)

2.7

(1.9–3.8)

Indiana

2.3

(1.5–3.3)

13.9

(12.2–15.8)

8.2

(7.2–9.3)

0.8

(0.4–1.5)

7.9

(6.4–9.8)

4.4

(3.5–5.6)

Iowa

2.8

(1.6–5.0)

17.5

(14.1–21.7)

10.4

(8.4–12.9)

1.6

(0.8–3.2)

10.2

(6.9–14.7)

6.1

(4.2–8.6)

Kansas

3.0

(1.7–5.2)

14.1

(11.0–17.9)

8.8

(7.1–10.9)

1.0

(0.4–2.3)

7.0

(5.3–9.2)

4.0

(3.1–5.3)

Kentucky

5.0

(3.4–7.3)

28.1

(23.4–33.3)

16.9

(14.0–20.2)

2.7

(1.6–4.6)

19.7

(15.1–25.4)

11.6

(8.9–15.0)

Louisiana

3.1

(1.5–6.2)

20.0

(16.4–24.2)

11.4

(9.0–14.2)

1.5

(0.6–3.8)

8.5

(5.9–12.1)

5.1

(3.5–7.4)

Maine

3.0

(2.4–3.7)

11.9

(10.4–13.6)

7.7

(6.8–8.7)

Maryland

2.8

(1.6–4.8)

10.9

(6.9–16.9)

7.2

(4.7–11.1)

1.1

(0.5–2.2)

6.5

(3.7–11.3)

4.2

(2.6–6.8)

Massachusetts

Michigan

1.6

(1.0–2.4)

13.2

(10.5–16.5)

7.6

(6.0–9.6)

0.6

(0.3–1.1)

7.3

(5.5–9.5)

4.0

(3.1–5.3)

Mississippi

2.0

(1.3–3.1)

18.5

(14.4–23.3)

10.2

(8.0–12.9)

0.8

(0.4–1.8)

13.0

(10.0–16.7)

6.9

(5.3–9.0)

Montana

5.2

(3.8–7.1)

21.2

(18.0–24.8)

13.5

(11.3–15.9)

2.6

(1.8–3.7)

13.1

(10.7–16.0)

8.0

(6.5–9.8)

Nebraska

2.2

(1.6–3.1)

10.2

(8.8–11.8)

6.4

(5.5–7.4)

0.7

(0.3–1.4)

5.2

(4.1–6.6)

3.1

(2.5–3.8)

New Hampshire

2.2

(1.3–3.6)

14.2

(10.8–18.3)

8.4

(6.5–10.8)

New Jersey

New Mexico

3.9

(3.2–4.8)

14.8

(12.4–17.7)

9.5

(8.0–11.1)

New York

3.4

(2.1–5.2)

11.0

(8.8–13.6)

7.3

(6.0–8.8)

North Carolina

2.6

(1.8–3.7)

19.0

(15.1–23.6)

11.0

(8.7–13.8)

North Dakota

4.6

(3.1–6.7)

22.2

(18.1–26.8)

13.6

(11.1–16.6)

Ohio

4.4

(2.5–7.7)

19.2

(14.1–25.5)

12.2

(9.0–16.4)

2.1

(0.9–5.1)

11.1

(7.5–16.1)

7.0

(4.7–10.2)

Oklahoma

2.7

(1.3–5.3)

23.8

(18.8–29.6)

13.1

(10.1–16.9)

0.9

(0.4–2.1)

17.1

(13.4–21.5)

8.9

(6.8–11.5)

Rhode Island

1.5

(1.0–2.2)

9.8

(7.9–12.0)

5.7

(4.7–6.7)

0.6

(0.4–0.9)

5.6

(4.3–7.2)

3.2

(2.6–3.9)

South Carolina

3.7

(2.1–6.4)

21.6

(16.5–27.8)

13.0

(9.8–17.1)

1.8

(0.8–4.0)

15.0

(11.0–20.2)

8.7

(6.1–12.1)

South Dakota

7.1

(3.6–13.7)

22.0

(17.1–27.9)

14.7

(10.9–19.6)

3.5

(1.5–8.0)

11.5

(7.7–16.7)

7.6

(4.8–11.7)

Tennessee

2.9

(2.0–4.3)

21.8

(17.2–27.1)

12.6

(10.0–15.7)

1.4

(0.8–2.4)

13.1

(9.8–17.3)

7.4

(5.5–9.9)

Texas

2.0

(1.5–2.6)

10.2

(8.6–12.1)

6.2

(5.3–7.2)

0.8

(0.5–1.3)

6.4

(5.3–7.7)

3.7

(3.1–4.4)

Utah

1.0

(0.5–2.2)

6.2

(4.6–8.2)

3.7

(2.8–5.0)

0.9

(0.4–1.9)

3.8

(2.2–6.3)

2.5

(1.6–3.8)

Vermont

2.1

(1.4–3.2)

11.0

(9.7–12.4)

6.7

(5.8–7.7)

Virginia

2.3

(1.0–4.8)

13.7

(10.2–18.2)

8.2

(5.9–11.2)

0.8

(0.3–2.0)

7.0

(4.4–11.0)

4.0

(2.6–6.2)

West Virginia

2.8

(1.8–4.3)

25.5

(20.5–31.2)

14.4

(11.6–17.8)

1.4

(0.8–2.6)

16.7

(12.9–21.3)

9.2

(7.1–11.9)

Wisconsin

2.2

(1.3–3.7)

14.1

(11.5–17.1)

8.3

(6.8–10.0)

Wyoming

7.8

(6.3–9.6)

22.1

(19.6–24.7)

15.1

(13.4–16.8)

Median

2.8

14.2

8.8

1.1

8.5

5.1

Range

1.0–7.8

4.8–28.1

3.5–16.9

0.4–3.5

2.9–19.7

2.3–11.6


TABLE 38. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who currently used smokeless tobacco* and who used smokeless tobacco on school property,* by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Current smokeless tobacco use

Used smokeless tobacco on school property

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

3.1

(1.6–6.2)

5.0

(3.3–7.7)

4.1

(2.8–5.9)

1.2

(0.4–3.7)

2.1

(1.1–4.1)

1.6

(0.9–2.7)

Broward County, FL

1.4

(0.6–3.2)

7.2

(5.0–10.3)

4.5

(3.2–6.4)

0.5

(0.2–1.4)

5.5

(3.5–8.4)

3.2

(2.1–5.0)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

2.4

(1.4–4.0)

12.0

(8.5–16.5)

7.5

(5.3–10.5)

Chicago, IL

2.4

(1.5–3.8)

4.1

(2.7–6.3)

3.5

(2.6–4.6)

1.1

(0.6–2.1)

1.9

(1.0–3.5)

1.8

(1.2–2.6)

Dallas, TX

1.5

(0.9–2.5)

4.5

(2.8–7.1)

3.0

(2.0–4.3)

0.3

(0.1–1.4)

1.9

(1.0–3.6)

1.1

(0.6–2.0)

Detroit, MI

1.3

(0.7–2.2)

2.9

(2.0–4.3)

2.2

(1.6–3.1)

0.8

(0.4–1.7)

1.9

(1.1–3.2)

1.5

(1.0–2.3)

District of Columbia

1.8

(1.0–3.0)

6.0

(3.8–9.4)

4.1

(2.8–6.0)

0.5

(0.2–1.5)

3.7

(2.1–6.4)

2.2

(1.4–3.7)

Duval County, FL

3.9

(3.0–5.0)

10.6

(9.0–12.5)

7.5

(6.4–8.7)

Houston, TX

2.1

(1.3–3.2)

5.8

(4.5–7.4)

4.0

(3.2–4.9)

1.3

(0.7–2.3)

2.6

(1.7–4.0)

2.0

(1.5–2.8)

Los Angeles, CA

2.2

(1.2–3.9)

4.6

(2.7–7.8)

3.6

(2.5–5.4)

0.9

(0.4–1.8)

3.5

(1.9–6.3)

2.5

(1.6–4.1)

Memphis, TN

0.6

(0.2–1.3)

2.2

(1.3–3.7)

1.4

(0.9–2.3)

0.2

(0.1–1.0)

1.1

(0.5–2.2)

0.7

(0.4–1.4)

Miami-Dade County, FL

2.3

(1.4–3.7)

5.1

(3.6–7.1)

3.7

(2.7–5.0)

1.7

(1.0–2.8)

2.9

(1.8–4.5)

2.2

(1.5–3.2)

Milwaukee, WI

New York City, NY

2.1

(1.6–2.7)

4.3

(3.6–5.1)

3.3

(2.8–4.0)

Orange County, FL

2.2

(1.1–4.0)

7.4

(5.5–10.0)

4.8

(3.7–6.1)

1.5

(0.7–3.0)

4.9

(3.4–7.1)

3.2

(2.3–4.3)

Palm Beach County, FL

2.6

(1.7–3.9)

8.8

(6.9–11.3)

5.9

(4.7–7.3)

1.8

(1.1–3.1)

4.8

(3.3–6.8)

3.5

(2.6–4.7)

Philadelphia, PA

1.5

(0.8–2.5)

4.1

(2.5–6.5)

2.8

(1.9–4.2)

0.5

(0.1–1.5)

2.0

(1.0–4.1)

1.2

(0.6–2.5)

San Bernardino, CA

2.7

(1.7–4.1)

4.7

(3.2–6.9)

3.7

(2.7–5.0)

1.6

(0.9–2.9)

3.1

(1.9–4.9)

2.3

(1.6–3.5)

San Diego, CA

2.5

(1.6–3.9)

5.1

(3.7–7.0)

3.9

(2.9–5.1)

1.1

(0.5–2.5)

2.9

(1.9–4.4)

2.0

(1.3–3.1)

San Francisco, CA

2.3

(1.2–4.2)

5.4

(3.7–7.9)

4.1

(3.0–5.7)

1.2

(0.5–2.7)

4.5

(3.0–6.6)

3.2

(2.2–4.6)

Seattle, WA

2.5

(1.5–4.1)

4.2

(3.1–5.8)

3.8

(2.8–5.0)

1.3

(0.7–2.3)

2.9

(1.9–4.3)

2.3

(1.7–3.3)

Median

2.2

5.0

3.8

1.1

2.9

2.2

Range

0.6–3.9

2.2–12.0

1.4–7.5

0.2–1.8

1.1–5.5

0.7–3.5

* Chewing tobacco, snuff, or dip on at least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey.

95% confidence interval.

§ Not available.


TABLE 39. Percentage of high school students who currently smoked cigars* and who currently used tobacco, by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Current cigar use

Current tobacco use

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White

7.5

(6.3–8.9)

19.0

(17.4–20.8)

13.5

(12.6–14.4)

21.2

(18.7–24.0)

31.5

(28.8–34.3)

26.5

(24.5–28.7)

Black

8.5

(6.3–11.4)

15.1

(12.2–18.6)

11.8

(9.8–14.2)

12.3

(9.8–15.2)

18.8

(14.8–23.5)

15.4

(12.8–18.5)

Hispanic

9.1

(7.3–11.3)

17.2

(15.0–19.6)

13.3

(11.5–15.3)

16.3

(14.4–18.4)

24.4

(21.2–27.9)

20.5

(18.1–23.0)

Grade

9

5.5

(4.2–7.1)

12.3

(10.6–14.2)

9.0

(7.8–10.4)

12.4

(10.2–15.0)

19.7

(16.6–23.2)

16.1

(13.9–18.7)

10

8.1

(6.3–10.3)

15.4

(13.2–17.8)

11.9

(10.4–13.6)

17.2

(14.7–20.1)

25.3

(22.0–28.9)

21.5

(19.1–24.1)

11

8.4

(6.8–10.4)

20.4

(17.2–24.1)

14.5

(12.5–16.8)

19.8

(17.1–22.9)

31.6

(27.5–36.0)

25.8

(23.2–28.5)

12

10.2

(8.2–12.5)

23.9

(20.8–27.2)

17.3

(15.5–19.1)

25.4

(22.3–28.8)

37.1

(33.8–40.6)

31.4

(29.3–33.5)

Total

8.0

(7.1–9.1)

17.8

(16.3–19.4)

13.1

(12.2–14.1)

18.5

(16.8–20.3)

28.1

(25.9–30.3)

23.4

(21.8–25.1)

* Smoked cigars, cigarillos, or little cigars on at least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey.

Current cigarette use, current smokeless tobacco use, or current cigar use.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 40. Percentage of high school students who currently smoked cigars* and who currently used tobacco, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Current cigar use

Current tobacco use

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

12.1

(9.0–16.0)

19.4

(14.3–25.8)

15.8

(12.4–19.9)

22.6

(18.6–27.2)

33.1

(26.8–40.1)

28.0

(23.8–32.6)

Alaska

6.1

(4.0–9.1)

14.2

(11.1–18.0)

10.3

(8.0–13.1)

17.9

(12.7–24.7)

21.9

(18.4–26.0)

20.0

(16.1–24.5)

Arizona

10.4

(8.2–12.9)

21.1

(18.2–24.4)

15.8

(13.6–18.4)

17.6

(14.7–20.9)

26.0

(21.9–30.6)

21.8

(18.7–25.3)

Arkansas

7.4

(5.4–10.1)

21.1

(17.4–25.3)

14.4

(12.7–16.4)

17.2

(14.4–20.3)

32.9

(26.9–39.5)

24.9

(21.0–29.2)

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware

8.6

(6.6–11.1)

17.0

(14.6–19.7)

12.9

(11.0–15.0)

20.7

(17.7–24.1)

26.0

(22.9–29.4)

23.5

(21.2–26.0)

Florida

Georgia

13.1

(9.8–17.3)

22.0

(18.9–25.5)

17.8

(15.0–21.0)

18.3

(14.6–22.7)

27.1

(21.9–33.0)

22.7

(18.9–27.0)

Hawaii

5.4

(4.1–7.2)

8.1

(6.4–10.1)

6.8

(5.4–8.6)

11.5

(9.1–14.4)

12.5

(10.4–14.9)

12.0

(10.1–14.1)

Idaho

6.0

(3.9–9.2)

15.7

(12.6–19.3)

11.0

(8.6–13.9)

14.0

(10.6–18.4)

25.1

(20.3–30.7)

19.7

(15.9–24.2)

Illinois

8.2

(6.7–9.9)

17.9

(14.9–21.3)

13.1

(10.8–15.9)

19.3

(16.3–22.8)

27.5

(23.8–31.4)

23.4

(20.2–26.9)

Indiana

8.4

(6.5–10.9)

20.4

(17.4–23.9)

14.6

(12.6–16.9)

19.1

(16.4–22.0)

29.6

(26.1–33.4)

24.5

(21.8–27.3)

Iowa

7.8

(6.0–10.2)

17.2

(12.7–23.0)

12.8

(10.3–15.9)

20.4

(16.7–24.7)

29.9

(23.8–36.8)

25.3

(21.3–29.7)

Kansas

7.1

(5.3–9.4)

14.1

(11.5–17.2)

10.7

(8.9–12.9)

16.1

(13.3–19.4)

25.4

(21.5–29.8)

20.8

(17.9–24.2)

Kentucky

11.0

(8.5–14.1)

23.4

(19.9–27.4)

17.5

(15.3–19.9)

23.4

(19.3–28.1)

40.1

(34.8–45.8)

31.9

(28.2–35.7)

Louisiana

12.2

(7.7–18.9)

21.4

(17.7–25.7)

17.0

(14.5–19.9)

21.1

(16.5–26.5)

36.0

(28.2–44.6)

28.3

(24.5–32.4)

Maine

6.9

(6.0–8.0)

17.8

(16.4–19.4)

12.6

(11.6–13.7)

15.0

(13.7–16.4)

25.2

(23.1–27.3)

20.3

(19.0–21.6)

Maryland

8.9

(6.8–11.4)

16.1

(12.9–20.0)

12.9

(10.7–15.6)

15.4

(11.4–20.6)

19.9

(14.7–26.4)

17.9

(13.8–22.8)

Massachusetts

8.0

(6.2–10.1)

20.2

(17.1–23.7)

14.3

(12.3–16.5)

Michigan

6.9

(5.5–8.7)

16.8

(14.2–19.9)

12.1

(10.5–13.8)

13.7

(11.0–17.0)

25.3

(21.9–29.1)

19.6

(16.8–22.7)

Mississippi

8.0

(6.4–9.8)

21.1

(17.6–25.0)

14.6

(12.6–16.9)

17.7

(15.4–20.2)

33.6

(28.2–39.5)

25.5

(22.2–29.1)

Montana

9.6

(8.1–11.3)

22.1

(19.8–24.6)

16.1

(14.6–17.8)

20.2

(17.6–22.9)

34.2

(30.8–37.7)

27.3

(24.7–30.1)

Nebraska

6.5

(5.3–8.0)

12.5

(10.7–14.5)

9.6

(8.3–11.1)

17.2

(15.0–19.5)

20.5

(18.3–22.9)

18.9

(17.1–20.8)

New Hampshire

8.9

(6.5–12.2)

22.9

(19.1–27.2)

16.4

(13.9–19.2)

19.6

(15.3–24.6)

35.3

(30.5–40.5)

27.9

(24.0–32.1)

New Jersey

New Mexico

10.7

(9.0–12.8)

19.3

(16.8–22.0)

15.1

(13.6–16.8)

18.3

(16.2–20.7)

31.5

(28.3–35.0)

25.0

(22.6–27.6)

New York

North Carolina

North Dakota

9.1

(7.0–11.6)

17.6

(14.4–21.4)

13.5

(11.3–15.9)

22.9

(19.3–26.9)

33.2

(28.3–38.6)

28.3

(24.5–32.6)

Ohio

8.2

(5.9–11.3)

18.7

(13.7–25.1)

13.7

(10.5–17.7)

22.4

(16.9–29.2)

33.0

(26.1–40.7)

27.9

(22.4–34.2)

Oklahoma

8.3

(5.6–12.2)

20.1

(16.7–23.9)

14.1

(12.1–16.4)

21.3

(16.7–26.7)

39.1

(33.8–44.7)

29.9

(25.7–34.6)

Rhode Island

7.2

(6.1–8.5)

19.1

(15.4–23.5)

13.3

(10.9–16.0)

12.8

(10.5–15.5)

23.3

(18.4–29.1)

17.9

(14.6–21.7)

South Carolina

11.2

(9.2–13.6)

24.9

(20.5–29.8)

18.3

(15.4–21.6)

21.1

(17.5–25.3)

36.0

(31.3–41.1)

28.4

(24.6–32.6)

South Dakota

Tennessee

10.8

(8.7–13.3)

20.0

(17.0–23.3)

15.5

(13.5–17.8)

22.5

(19.3–26.1)

37.0

(31.8–42.6)

29.9

(26.0–34.2)

Texas

11.5

(10.2–13.0)

20.0

(17.9–22.2)

16.0

(14.8–17.3)

17.3

(15.6–19.1)

28.6

(25.2–32.3)

22.9

(20.9–25.2)

Utah

2.4

(1.4–4.3)

6.9

(5.2–9.1)

5.0

(3.7–6.6)

5.1

(3.5–7.4)

10.2

(8.2–12.5)

7.8

(6.6–9.1)

Vermont

7.9

(6.0–10.2)

17.6

(16.0–19.2)

12.8

(11.5–14.4)

15.7

(13.8–17.7)

24.8

(22.9–26.9)

20.4

(18.8–22.2)

Virginia

9.0

(6.0–13.4)

14.6

(11.5–18.2)

12.0

(9.3–15.2)

17.3

(12.5–23.5)

23.9

(20.2–28.0)

20.7

(17.0–24.9)

West Virginia

6.1

(4.7–8.0)

17.0

(13.3–21.4)

11.7

(9.4–14.4)

18.9

(14.8–23.7)

35.4

(30.6–40.4)

27.2

(23.8–30.9)

Wisconsin

8.5

(6.5–11.0)

20.8

(17.5–24.5)

14.8

(12.7–17.1)

18.3

(15.4–21.5)

29.4

(26.2–32.7)

23.9

(21.4–26.5)

Wyoming

11.5

(9.4–13.9)

21.5

(18.7–24.6)

16.6

(14.6–18.7)

25.0

(22.0–28.3)

34.9

(30.9–39.1)

30.0

(27.1–33.0)

Median

8.3

19.2

13.9

18.3

29.4

23.9

Range

2.4–13.1

6.9–24.9

5.0–18.3

5.1–25.0

10.2–40.1

7.8–31.9


TABLE 40. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who currently smoked cigars* and who currently used tobacco, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Current cigar use

Current tobacco use

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

7.4

(5.2–10.5)

14.0

(10.7–18.2)

10.7

(8.4–13.5)

10.6

(8.0–13.9)

16.1

(12.2–21.0)

13.2

(11.0–15.9)

Broward County, FL

5.6

(3.8–8.2)

12.9

(9.9–16.8)

9.8

(7.4–12.7)

11.6

(8.5–15.6)

16.1

(12.7–20.1)

14.2

(11.5–17.3)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

Chicago, IL

11.7

(9.6–14.2)

13.9

(11.5–16.7)

13.0

(11.2–15.0)

15.4

(12.5–18.9)

17.9

(14.8–21.5)

16.5

(14.0–19.4)

Dallas, TX

12.9

(9.8–16.9)

17.9

(13.9–22.6)

15.3

(12.9–18.1)

15.8

(12.7–19.5)

20.3

(15.7–25.7)

18.0

(15.2–21.2)

Detroit, MI

7.4

(5.8–9.3)

11.4

(9.1–14.2)

9.7

(8.3–11.5)

6.4

(4.9–8.5)

12.1

(9.7–14.9)

9.3

(7.9–11.0)

District of Columbia

9.6

(7.4–12.5)

17.3

(13.9–21.2)

13.7

(11.6–16.2)

13.0

(10.2–16.5)

20.4

(16.6–24.9)

16.8

(14.5–19.4)

Duval County, FL

11.4

(9.7–13.2)

19.6

(17.1–22.3)

15.7

(14.1–17.5)

15.6

(13.7–17.7)

24.4

(21.3–27.9)

20.0

(18.0–22.2)

Houston, TX

11.0

(8.8–13.6)

17.9

(15.2–20.8)

14.6

(12.6–16.8)

12.7

(10.1–15.9)

18.7

(15.7–22.0)

15.7

(13.4–18.2)

Los Angeles, CA

4.5

(3.2–6.1)

11.8

(8.3–16.5)

8.5

(6.4–11.3)

7.6

(6.0–9.6)

13.0

(9.4–17.7)

10.5

(8.3–13.2)

Memphis, TN

8.8

(6.5–11.7)

12.0

(9.7–14.9)

10.4

(8.9–12.2)

11.5

(8.8–14.8)

16.3

(13.3–20.0)

13.9

(11.8–16.2)

Miami-Dade County, FL

6.5

(4.8–8.9)

10.8

(8.7–13.3)

8.7

(7.3–10.4)

11.5

(9.1–14.4)

12.6

(10.0–15.7)

12.0

(10.0–14.4)

Milwaukee, WI

New York City, NY

Orange County, FL

7.4

(5.6–9.8)

16.0

(12.2–20.7)

11.7

(9.4–14.4)

12.7

(10.1–15.8)

20.6

(16.6–25.3)

16.6

(14.2–19.4)

Palm Beach County, FL

8.0

(6.3–10.2)

14.7

(12.0–17.7)

11.5

(9.8–13.5)

15.7

(13.1–18.6)

21.0

(17.7–24.8)

18.3

(16.0–20.9)

Philadelphia, PA

3.3

(2.2–4.9)

8.6

(6.0–12.0)

6.0

(4.8–7.6)

8.7

(6.9–11.0)

12.5

(9.5–16.3)

10.7

(8.7–13.0)

San Bernardino, CA

7.2

(5.2–9.7)

11.1

(8.6–14.2)

9.1

(7.4–11.1)

12.2

(9.7–15.2)

19.1

(15.8–23.0)

15.6

(13.1–18.4)

San Diego, CA

6.3

(4.6–8.6)

14.3

(12.1–16.9)

10.5

(8.9–12.4)

14.0

(10.0–19.4)

19.3

(16.4–22.6)

16.8

(13.8–20.4)

San Francisco, CA

4.7

(3.3–6.8)

9.8

(7.7–12.4)

7.8

(6.4–9.5)

9.2

(7.1–11.9)

13.3

(10.9–16.1)

11.5

(9.9–13.5)

Seattle, WA

5.4

(4.0–7.2)

11.5

(9.2–14.3)

9.0

(7.4–10.9)

8.3

(6.2–11.0)

12.6

(10.3–15.3)

10.7

(8.9–12.8)

Median

7.4

13.4

10.4

11.9

17.1

14.9

Range

3.3–12.9

8.6–19.6

6.0–15.7

6.4–15.8

12.1–24.4

9.3–20.0

* Smoked cigars, cigarillos, or little cigars on at least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey.

Current cigarette use, current smokeless tobacco use, or current cigar use.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Not available.


TABLE 41. Percentage of high school students who ever drank alcohol* and who drank alcohol for the first time before age 13 years, by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Ever drank alcohol

Drank alcohol for the first time before age 13 years

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White

71.0

(67.9–73.9)

72.3

(69.6–74.9)

71.7

(69.4–73.9)

14.8

(13.2–16.7)

21.1

(19.5–22.9)

18.1

(16.6–19.7)

Black

66.1

(61.4–70.5)

60.9

(55.8–65.7)

63.5

(59.3–67.5)

19.4

(16.9–22.2)

24.1

(20.5–28.2)

21.8

(19.4–24.3)

Hispanic

74.1

(71.3–76.7)

72.4

(69.4–75.3)

73.2

(70.8–75.5)

23.0

(20.4–25.7)

27.2

(24.7–29.9)

25.2

(23.2–27.3)

Grade

9

61.9

(57.0–66.5)

61.6

(58.7–64.3)

61.7

(58.5–64.9)

24.1

(21.4–27.1)

28.9

(26.0–32.0)

26.6

(24.4–28.8)

10

69.1

(65.4–72.6)

69.2

(65.8–72.4)

69.2

(66.7–71.5)

17.6

(15.4–20.1)

24.3

(21.3–27.5)

21.1

(19.0–23.4)

11

74.8

(71.8–77.5)

75.7

(73.2–78.1)

75.3

(73.2–77.2)

14.2

(12.2–16.5)

20.9

(18.7–23.2)

17.6

(16.0–19.3)

12

80.0

(77.3–82.5)

78.0

(74.8–80.8)

79.0

(76.7–81.1)

12.2

(10.3–14.3)

17.9

(15.5–20.6)

15.1

(13.6–16.9)

Total

70.9

(68.6–73.2)

70.6

(68.7–72.5)

70.8

(69.0–72.5)

17.4

(16.0–19.0)

23.3

(21.9–24.8)

20.5

(19.2–21.8)

* Had at least one drink of alcohol on at least 1 day during their life.

Other than a few sips.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 42. Percentage of high school students who ever drank alcohol* and who drank alcohol for the first time before age 13 years, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Ever drank alcohol

Drank alcohol for the first time before age 13 years

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

68.1

(62.3–73.5)

65.1

(59.3–70.6)

66.6

(62.7–70.4)

21.7

(18.0–26.0)

25.3

(20.7–30.4)

23.6

(20.5–27.1)

Alaska

68.2

(63.5–72.6)

62.0

(56.4–67.2)

65.0

(60.8–68.9)

14.4

(11.7–17.5)

19.1

(15.8–23.0)

16.9

(14.7–19.3)

Arizona

17.4

(14.4–21.0)

24.8

(22.0–27.7)

21.3

(18.9–23.9)

Arkansas

66.9

(63.8–70.0)

64.9

(60.0–69.4)

65.9

(63.0–68.7)

20.5

(15.7–26.2)

27.5

(24.4–30.8)

24.1

(21.2–27.2)

Colorado

67.4

(62.2–72.2)

63.4

(57.2–69.2)

65.5

(60.9–69.8)

15.1

(10.9–20.6)

23.3

(19.7–27.4)

19.4

(16.7–22.4)

Connecticut

12.7

(10.6–15.1)

18.2

(15.6–21.1)

15.6

(13.4–18.0)

Delaware

75.2

(71.4–78.7)

68.7

(65.0–72.2)

72.0

(69.4–74.5)

19.4

(16.4–22.8)

26.1

(23.2–29.3)

22.7

(20.4–25.2)

Florida

16.9

(15.4–18.6)

22.0

(20.6–23.5)

19.5

(18.3–20.7)

Georgia

68.2

(62.9–73.1)

63.8

(58.9–68.4)

66.1

(62.2–69.8)

21.9

(16.7–28.1)

23.7

(20.0–27.8)

23.0

(19.2–27.4)

Hawaii

18.2

(15.9–20.7)

20.3

(18.4–22.4)

19.2

(18.0–20.6)

Idaho

64.9

(57.5–71.7)

65.5

(59.0–71.5)

65.2

(58.8–71.1)

14.0

(11.1–17.5)

21.0

(17.5–24.9)

17.6

(15.0–20.7)

Illinois

72.0

(68.2–75.5)

67.6

(64.5–70.5)

69.8

(66.9–72.5)

16.9

(14.1–20.0)

19.5

(16.5–22.9)

18.2

(16.0–20.6)

Indiana

71.3

(66.2–75.9)

69.4

(65.0–73.5)

70.4

(66.3–74.1)

15.0

(12.9–17.4)

20.1

(16.8–23.8)

17.6

(15.6–19.8)

Iowa

68.0

(63.0–72.7)

64.5

(58.0–70.6)

66.3

(61.5–70.8)

12.7

(10.8–14.9)

18.4

(14.8–22.6)

15.7

(13.5–18.1)

Kansas

67.7

(62.7–72.3)

60.3

(55.3–65.2)

63.9

(59.5–68.2)

14.8

(11.9–18.3)

19.9

(16.4–23.8)

17.5

(15.0–20.3)

Kentucky

67.5

(62.2–72.3)

64.6

(60.1–68.8)

66.1

(62.2–69.9)

16.1

(12.8–20.2)

24.4

(20.7–28.4)

20.5

(17.7–23.6)

Louisiana

78.3

(72.1–83.5)

72.6

(65.9–78.4)

75.6

(70.0–80.5)

22.5

(17.9–27.9)

29.0

(25.0–33.3)

26.0

(22.8–29.4)

Maine

59.2

(57.2–61.2)

58.5

(57.0–60.1)

59.0

(57.6–60.3)

13.1

(12.0–14.3)

18.0

(16.2–19.9)

15.8

(14.5–17.1)

Maryland

66.8

(61.3–71.9)

59.8

(55.1–64.3)

63.5

(59.1–67.6)

22.2

(19.2–25.5)

24.1

(20.5–28.1)

23.2

(20.7–26.0)

Massachusetts

67.3

(63.5–70.8)

67.7

(64.3–70.9)

67.5

(65.1–69.8)

13.0

(10.7–15.7)

16.0

(13.5–18.9)

14.6

(12.6–16.8)

Michigan

63.9

(59.9–67.7)

63.8

(60.5–67.0)

63.8

(60.8–66.8)

12.1

(9.9–14.6)

18.9

(16.2–21.8)

15.6

(13.6–17.8)

Mississippi

65.8

(62.5–68.9)

63.6

(59.0–67.9)

64.8

(61.4–68.0)

17.8

(15.1–20.9)

29.9

(26.4–33.8)

23.9

(21.7–26.3)

Montana

73.1

(70.6–75.5)

72.5

(70.1–74.7)

72.8

(70.8–74.6)

16.9

(15.2–18.8)

25.4

(23.1–27.9)

21.4

(19.7–23.1)

Nebraska

62.0

(58.3–65.6)

59.1

(55.4–62.8)

60.6

(57.9–63.3)

14.0

(11.8–16.6)

18.8

(16.5–21.3)

16.5

(14.7–18.5)

New Hampshire

67.3

(62.2–72.1)

66.7

(62.8–70.4)

67.1

(63.9–70.1)

13.9

(10.2–18.6)

14.7

(12.1–17.6)

14.3

(11.9–17.1)

New Jersey

70.6

(65.8–75.0)

67.6

(61.5–73.3)

69.1

(64.4–73.5)

11.4

(9.4–13.7)

17.5

(12.8–23.4)

14.4

(11.7–17.6)

New Mexico

23.0

(21.0–25.1)

31.5

(28.7–34.5)

27.4

(25.4–29.4)

New York

16.8

(15.2–18.6)

21.1

(18.8–23.7)

19.0

(17.5–20.7)

North Carolina

13.8

(10.7–17.6)

22.3

(20.1–24.8)

18.2

(16.1–20.5)

North Dakota

68.9

(65.2–72.3)

67.6

(63.7–71.3)

68.3

(65.4–71.1)

13.1

(10.8–15.9)

19.7

(16.4–23.6)

16.7

(14.4–19.3)

Ohio

71.3

(64.9–77.0)

69.9

(64.0–75.2)

70.7

(65.5–75.5)

16.5

(12.3–21.7)

19.4

(15.5–23.8)

18.1

(14.8–21.9)

Oklahoma

70.0

(65.9–73.7)

72.2

(66.4–77.3)

71.0

(67.6–74.2)

16.7

(12.7–21.6)

22.2

(16.5–29.1)

19.4

(15.3–24.3)

Rhode Island

64.2

(61.2–67.0)

59.7

(55.9–63.3)

62.0

(59.1–64.7)

14.3

(11.8–17.3)

16.7

(13.9–19.9)

15.6

(13.3–18.1)

South Carolina

72.2

(67.9–76.2)

70.5

(65.5–75.0)

71.4

(68.6–74.0)

20.1

(17.0–23.7)

27.7

(23.6–32.2)

24.1

(21.3–27.1)

South Dakota

71.0

(64.5–76.7)

67.1

(61.1–72.7)

69.1

(64.5–73.3)

17.6

(14.6–21.2)

20.2

(15.7–25.5)

19.0

(16.0–22.3)

Tennessee

66.5

(63.2–69.6)

63.8

(60.0–67.4)

65.1

(62.1–68.0)

18.2

(15.1–21.9)

21.0

(18.2–24.0)

19.7

(17.3–22.3)

Texas

75.6

(72.6–78.5)

70.0

(66.4–73.3)

72.7

(69.9–75.4)

19.3

(17.1–21.8)

26.0

(23.8–28.4)

22.8

(21.0–24.7)

Utah

34.8

(29.6–40.4)

35.2

(30.3–40.4)

35.1

(30.6–39.8)

7.9

(5.3–11.6)

13.1

(10.2–16.8)

10.7

(8.1–13.9)

Vermont

11.8

(9.6–14.4)

17.6

(15.2–20.3)

14.8

(12.7–17.3)

Virginia

64.5

(58.6–70.0)

56.6

(51.4–61.5)

60.5

(55.9–64.9)

19.0

(16.2–22.1)

16.9

(13.5–20.9)

18.1

(15.3–21.2)

West Virginia

70.2

(64.6–75.1)

66.9

(62.6–70.9)

68.5

(64.3–72.3)

15.6

(12.0–20.0)

22.8

(18.6–27.6)

19.2

(15.5–23.6)

Wisconsin

72.4

(69.1–75.6)

69.9

(66.2–73.4)

71.2

(68.5–73.7)

15.8

(12.9–19.1)

21.3

(19.0–23.7)

18.6

(16.5–20.9)

Wyoming

66.6

(63.3–69.8)

65.0

(61.1–68.8)

65.7

(62.7–68.6)

21.1

(18.6–24.0)

25.8

(23.3–28.6)

23.5

(21.8–25.4)

Median

68.0

65.1

66.3

16.5

21.0

19.0

Range

34.8–78.3

35.2–72.6

35.1–75.6

7.9–23.0

13.1–31.5

10.7–27.4


TABLE 42. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who ever drank alcohol* and who drank alcohol for the first time before age 13 years, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Ever drank alcohol

Drank alcohol for the first time before age 13 years

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

67.6

(62.3–72.4)

68.4

(62.3–73.9)

67.8

(63.0–72.2)

18.3

(14.6–22.7)

22.9

(18.4–28.0)

20.5

(17.5–23.9)

Broward County, FL

70.7

(66.3–74.7)

63.5

(58.4–68.3)

66.9

(63.3–70.3)

21.1

(18.3–24.3)

23.1

(20.1–26.4)

22.0

(19.9–24.2)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

69.2

(64.5–73.5)

68.8

(64.7–72.7)

69.1

(65.6–72.3)

17.5

(14.9–20.4)

26.3

(23.0–29.8)

22.2

(20.2–24.4)

Chicago, IL

70.2

(65.6–74.5)

67.6

(62.7–72.1)

68.9

(64.9–72.7)

21.6

(18.4–25.1)

31.8

(28.7–35.0)

26.4

(24.4–28.5)

Dallas, TX

71.6

(66.0–76.6)

70.9

(66.2–75.2)

71.3

(67.6–74.6)

19.4

(16.2–23.0)

25.6

(21.5–30.3)

22.6

(19.6–25.9)

Detroit, MI

73.1

(69.8–76.1)

63.4

(59.4–67.3)

68.8

(65.8–71.6)

17.5

(14.6–20.8)

24.3

(20.4–28.7)

21.0

(18.4–23.9)

District of Columbia

64.8

(59.9–69.3)

55.3

(50.1–60.3)

60.3

(56.7–63.7)

20.7

(16.7–25.3)

21.6

(18.1–25.6)

21.3

(18.1–24.9)

Duval County, FL

66.8

(63.7–69.7)

63.6

(60.5–66.6)

65.2

(62.9–67.5)

19.8

(17.5–22.3)

23.7

(21.4–26.3)

21.9

(20.1–23.7)

Houston, TX

66.9

(63.2–70.4)

62.1

(58.1–65.9)

64.5

(61.5–67.4)

18.9

(16.5–21.5)

25.7

(22.9–28.8)

22.4

(20.2–24.7)

Los Angeles, CA

66.3

(62.2–70.2)

63.8

(59.8–67.5)

65.1

(62.2–67.9)

22.8

(16.0–31.5)

27.5

(23.8–31.6)

25.5

(20.8–30.8)

Memphis, TN

59.4

(55.2–63.5)

52.0

(47.0–56.9)

55.8

(52.5–59.0)

16.5

(13.8–19.6)

20.6

(17.1–24.6)

18.5

(16.4–20.9)

Miami-Dade County, FL

67.5

(63.8–71.0)

58.7

(54.6–62.6)

63.1

(60.1–66.1)

20.6

(17.0–24.6)

24.0

(20.8–27.5)

22.2

(19.5–25.2)

Milwaukee, WI

67.9

(63.9–71.6)

61.5

(57.1–65.8)

64.9

(61.9–67.8)

19.9

(16.7–23.6)

23.9

(20.9–27.2)

22.2

(20.0–24.5)

New York City, NY

21.4

(19.1–23.9)

24.0

(22.0–26.1)

22.8

(21.0–24.7)

Orange County, FL

68.2

(63.1–72.8)

64.8

(60.2–69.2)

66.5

(62.5–70.2)

17.9

(14.7–21.7)

21.5

(17.9–25.6)

19.7

(17.0–22.8)

Palm Beach County, FL

70.8

(66.8–74.5)

66.8

(62.3–71.0)

68.8

(65.3–72.2)

19.1

(16.3–22.2)

24.3

(21.0–27.9)

21.7

(19.4–24.2)

Philadelphia, PA

66.8

(62.6–70.7)

61.7

(56.4–66.8)

64.3

(60.4–68.1)

17.5

(14.4–21.0)

24.9

(21.4–28.8)

21.1

(18.7–23.8)

San Bernardino, CA

75.0

(70.8–78.8)

69.5

(64.7–73.8)

72.2

(68.9–75.3)

22.3

(18.9–26.2)

29.5

(26.0–33.2)

25.9

(23.1–29.0)

San Diego, CA

68.0

(63.8–72.0)

62.2

(57.9–66.3)

65.1

(61.5–68.6)

20.6

(17.0–24.8)

22.8

(19.6–26.3)

21.7

(18.8–25.0)

San Francisco, CA

49.5

(45.4–53.5)

48.4

(44.5–52.3)

49.1

(46.0–52.2)

16.2

(13.4–19.4)

19.5

(16.4–23.1)

18.1

(16.0–20.5)

Seattle, WA

13.6

(11.0–16.6)

18.5

(15.6–21.8)

16.2

(14.0–18.7)

Median

67.9

63.5

65.2

19.4

24.0

21.9

Range

49.5–75.0

48.4–70.9

49.1–72.2

13.6–22.8

18.5–31.8

16.2–26.4

* Had at least one drink of alcohol on at least 1 day during their life.

Other than a few sips.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Not available.


TABLE 43. Percentage of high school students who drank alcohol, by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Current alcohol use*

Binge drinking

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White

38.8

(36.1–41.6)

41.6

(39.2–44.1)

40.3

(38.3–42.2)

21.7

(20.0–23.5)

26.1

(24.3–28.1)

24.0

(22.8–25.3)

Black

31.6

(28.0–35.3)

29.5

(25.8–33.5)

30.5

(27.8–33.4)

10.3

(8.3–12.6)

14.5

(12.2–17.2)

12.4

(10.7–14.2)

Hispanic

42.4

(39.4–45.5)

42.1

(38.4–45.8)

42.3

(39.5–45.1)

22.4

(20.5–24.5)

25.9

(22.1–30.1)

24.2

(21.9–26.7)

Grade

9

30.3

(27.2–33.6)

29.3

(25.9–32.8)

29.8

(27.1–32.6)

13.0

(10.9–15.3)

15.0

(12.3–18.3)

14.0

(11.9–16.4)

10

37.1

(33.9–40.3)

34.4

(30.8–38.2)

35.7

(33.0–38.5)

17.8

(15.9–19.9)

19.0

(17.0–21.1)

18.4

(17.1–19.9)

11

40.1

(36.9–43.3)

45.2

(41.6–48.8)

42.7

(40.1–45.3)

22.6

(19.9–25.4)

27.9

(24.7–31.3)

25.2

(23.0–27.7)

12

45.4

(41.6–49.4)

51.2

(48.0–54.4)

48.4

(45.8–51.0)

27.0

(23.8–30.6)

35.7

(33.1–38.5)

31.5

(29.2–33.8)

Total

37.9

(36.1–39.8)

39.5

(37.6–41.3)

38.7

(37.2–40.3)

19.8

(18.6–21.1)

23.8

(22.5–25.2)

21.9

(21.0–22.8)

* Had at least one drink of alcohol on at least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey.

Had five or more drinks of alcohol in a row within a couple of hours on at least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 44. Percentage of high school students who drank alcohol, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Current alcohol use*

Binge drinking

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

34.9

(30.4–39.6)

36.4

(30.1–43.3)

35.6

(31.6–39.9)

19.7

(16.0–23.9)

22.1

(16.6–28.7)

21.0

(17.5–24.9)

Alaska

31.0

(26.2–36.1)

26.2

(21.5–31.5)

28.6

(24.8–32.6)

16.7

(12.9–21.4)

16.7

(13.8–20.0)

16.7

(14.1–19.7)

Arizona

44.4

(41.0–47.9)

43.4

(39.2–47.6)

43.8

(40.8–46.8)

26.2

(23.6–29.1)

26.8

(22.8–31.2)

26.5

(23.9–29.2)

Arkansas

33.9

(29.7–38.4)

33.6

(27.8–40.0)

33.9

(30.2–37.7)

17.6

(14.2–21.5)

22.4

(17.4–28.5)

20.1

(16.6–24.1)

Colorado

38.0

(32.0–44.4)

34.7

(29.6–40.2)

36.4

(31.7–41.4)

21.6

(17.5–26.5)

22.8

(17.9–28.5)

22.3

(18.4–26.7)

Connecticut

42.1

(38.1–46.1)

41.3

(36.1–46.6)

41.5

(37.7–45.5)

19.3

(15.8–23.4)

25.4

(20.6–30.9)

22.3

(18.9–26.1)

Delaware

41.9

(37.9–46.1)

38.8

(35.1–42.5)

40.4

(37.4–43.5)

21.6

(18.8–24.7)

22.1

(19.1–25.4)

21.9

(19.4–24.6)

Florida

37.7

(35.4–40.0)

36.2

(33.8–38.7)

37.0

(35.0–39.0)

18.8

(17.0–20.7)

19.4

(17.3–21.6)

19.1

(17.3–20.9)

Georgia

36.3

(30.8–42.1)

32.4

(28.6–36.6)

34.6

(30.7–38.7)

17.0

(13.2–21.6)

17.7

(14.4–21.5)

17.5

(14.4–21.0)

Hawaii

32.3

(28.2–36.6)

25.8

(22.6–29.2)

29.1

(25.9–32.4)

16.4

(14.3–18.6)

14.3

(11.9–17.1)

15.4

(13.7–17.2)

Idaho

35.6

(30.3–41.3)

36.9

(31.8–42.4)

36.2

(31.7–41.0)

19.4

(16.4–22.9)

24.1

(19.8–28.9)

21.8

(18.6–25.5)

Illinois

38.7

(34.4–43.2)

36.9

(31.4–42.7)

37.8

(34.1–41.6)

21.1

(18.5–23.9)

24.0

(18.2–30.8)

22.5

(19.2–26.3)

Indiana

33.6

(29.7–37.8)

33.2

(29.5–37.0)

33.4

(30.2–36.9)

18.4

(15.7–21.4)

21.0

(17.7–24.8)

19.8

(17.0–22.9)

Iowa

35.8

(31.1–40.7)

38.2

(30.6–46.4)

37.1

(31.8–42.7)

20.4

(16.7–24.8)

25.5

(18.7–33.7)

23.0

(18.3–28.6)

Kansas

35.0

(31.5–38.6)

30.2

(26.5–34.2)

32.6

(29.5–35.8)

20.7

(17.6–24.2)

20.5

(18.0–23.2)

20.7

(18.3–23.3)

Kentucky

33.3

(28.5–38.6)

35.6

(31.4–40.0)

34.6

(31.4–37.8)

21.2

(17.8–25.0)

24.8

(21.6–28.3)

23.2

(20.7–25.9)

Louisiana

45.8

(39.6–52.2)

42.5

(37.0–48.2)

44.4

(40.1–48.8)

19.2

(16.4–22.4)

26.6

(20.7–33.4)

23.0

(19.7–26.8)

Maine

28.0

(26.2–29.9)

29.1

(27.4–30.9)

28.7

(27.3–30.1)

14.5

(13.2–15.9)

17.7

(16.3–19.3)

16.2

(15.1–17.4)

Maryland

36.8

(31.6–42.3)

32.3

(27.4–37.7)

34.8

(30.7–39.2)

18.2

(14.1–23.1)

18.4

(14.3–23.3)

18.4

(14.9–22.6)

Massachusetts

39.0

(35.5–42.7)

41.3

(37.4–45.3)

40.1

(37.0–43.3)

19.8

(17.3–22.5)

24.8

(20.9–29.1)

22.2

(19.6–25.1)

Michigan

28.8

(25.2–32.8)

32.2

(28.3–36.3)

30.5

(27.3–34.0)

15.5

(12.5–19.0)

20.0

(16.9–23.6)

17.8

(15.0–21.1)

Mississippi

35.1

(31.7–38.8)

37.3

(31.6–43.4)

36.2

(32.1–40.6)

15.6

(12.6–19.3)

22.8

(18.0–28.5)

19.3

(15.9–23.3)

Montana

36.9

(34.1–39.7)

39.7

(37.2–42.3)

38.3

(36.2–40.5)

23.0

(20.9–25.3)

27.3

(25.2–29.5)

25.2

(23.5–27.1)

Nebraska

27.5

(24.6–30.7)

25.7

(22.8–28.9)

26.6

(24.2–29.1)

17.3

(14.7–20.2)

15.6

(13.4–18.0)

16.4

(14.5–18.5)

New Hampshire

37.5

(32.7–42.5)

39.0

(34.1–44.1)

38.4

(34.8–42.1)

22.9

(18.6–27.8)

24.5

(20.4–29.0)

23.8

(20.7–27.3)

New Jersey

44.3

(38.6–50.0)

41.5

(35.8–47.5)

42.9

(37.8–48.2)

23.3

(18.8–28.3)

24.1

(18.8–30.3)

23.7

(19.1–28.9)

New Mexico

38.3

(34.7–42.1)

35.7

(33.3–38.2)

36.9

(34.1–39.8)

22.0

(19.5–24.8)

22.8

(20.2–25.5)

22.4

(20.3–24.6)

New York

40.5

(36.2–44.9)

36.3

(32.3–40.5)

38.4

(34.6–42.3)

21.8

(18.2–26.0)

22.1

(18.7–26.0)

22.0

(18.9–25.4)

North Carolina

33.2

(29.5–37.0)

35.5

(31.2–40.1)

34.3

(31.5–37.3)

13.6

(11.3–16.2)

21.7

(18.6–25.2)

17.6

(15.5–20.1)

North Dakota

39.5

(35.0–44.1)

37.9

(33.7–42.4)

38.8

(35.5–42.2)

24.0

(20.6–27.8)

26.9

(23.3–30.8)

25.6

(22.8–28.7)

Ohio

38.7

(33.7–43.9)

37.2

(29.8–45.3)

38.0

(32.1–44.3)

22.1

(18.3–26.3)

25.0

(20.0–30.8)

23.7

(19.9–28.0)

Oklahoma

36.3

(30.4–42.7)

40.2

(34.9–45.8)

38.3

(34.8–42.0)

21.1

(16.6–26.4)

25.4

(20.4–31.0)

23.3

(19.7–27.2)

Rhode Island

35.2

(32.3–38.3)

32.6

(29.2–36.3)

34.0

(31.3–36.8)

17.2

(15.4–19.1)

19.1

(16.0–22.7)

18.3

(16.1–20.7)

South Carolina

39.0

(35.3–42.9)

40.4

(35.2–45.9)

39.7

(36.2–43.3)

16.9

(13.9–20.4)

26.3

(21.0–32.3)

21.7

(17.8–26.1)

South Dakota

39.9

(34.6–45.5)

38.6

(32.8–44.7)

39.2

(34.9–43.7)

24.1

(18.7–30.5)

28.3

(22.9–34.3)

26.2

(21.9–30.9)

Tennessee

34.0

(31.4–36.7)

32.4

(28.4–36.7)

33.3

(30.4–36.2)

16.9

(14.6–19.4)

20.1

(17.1–23.6)

18.6

(16.3–21.1)

Texas

39.3

(36.1–42.6)

40.2

(36.6–43.9)

39.7

(37.4–42.2)

21.6

(18.8–24.7)

25.2

(21.9–28.9)

23.5

(21.1–26.0)

Utah

13.1

(9.5–17.9)

16.4

(12.9–20.7)

15.0

(12.1–18.5)

7.1

(4.8–10.3)

10.9

(8.1–14.4)

9.1

(7.0–11.9)

Vermont

33.7

(31.5–35.9)

36.7

(33.6–39.9)

35.3

(33.0–37.8)

18.5

(17.0–20.1)

23.1

(20.8–25.7)

20.9

(19.3–22.7)

Virginia

33.0

(27.4–39.2)

28.0

(22.5–34.2)

30.5

(25.5–35.9)

16.2

(12.7–20.3)

15.3

(11.9–19.5)

15.7

(12.9–19.1)

West Virginia

33.8

(27.7–40.6)

34.7

(29.5–40.3)

34.3

(29.5–39.5)

18.5

(14.3–23.5)

21.9

(18.6–25.5)

20.2

(16.9–24.0)

Wisconsin

39.1

(35.1–43.3)

39.3

(35.2–43.5)

39.2

(36.5–42.0)

21.5

(18.4–24.9)

26.1

(22.4–30.1)

23.8

(21.1–26.8)

Wyoming

36.6

(33.5–39.8)

35.7

(32.0–39.5)

36.1

(33.5–38.7)

23.5

(20.9–26.4)

26.7

(23.9–29.7)

25.1

(23.0–27.4)

Median

36.3

36.3

36.2

19.4

22.8

21.8

Range

13.1–45.8

16.4–43.4

15.0–44.4

7.1–26.2

10.9–28.3

9.1–26.5


TABLE 44. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who drank alcohol, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Current alcohol use*

Binge drinking

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

37.5

(32.5–42.8)

39.4

(33.9–45.2)

38.3

(34.2–42.7)

16.5

(12.1–22.0)

16.8

(12.9–21.6)

16.6

(13.5–20.2)

Broward County, FL

36.7

(33.0–40.6)

37.4

(33.9–41.2)

37.2

(34.6–40.0)

15.2

(13.0–17.7)

19.6

(16.3–23.5)

17.6

(15.5–20.0)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

33.1

(29.4–36.9)

35.0

(30.8–39.4)

34.1

(30.9–37.5)

13.9

(11.6–16.6)

16.9

(14.0–20.2)

15.6

(13.6–17.9)

Chicago, IL

39.3

(35.5–43.2)

35.9

(31.3–40.9)

37.7

(34.3–41.3)

18.9

(14.8–23.9)

20.7

(17.3–24.5)

19.7

(16.5–23.4)

Dallas, TX

37.6

(32.4–43.1)

32.9

(27.5–38.9)

35.4

(31.6–39.4)

20.0

(16.3–24.4)

19.1

(14.8–24.3)

19.6

(16.5–23.1)

Detroit, MI

24.7

(21.5–28.2)

23.9

(20.1–28.3)

24.7

(22.2–27.3)

7.8

(6.2–9.7)

8.5

(6.8–10.5)

8.2

(7.0–9.6)

District of Columbia

34.9

(29.5–40.7)

30.5

(25.8–35.7)

32.8

(29.1–36.7)

12.9

(10.3–16.2)

12.2

(9.4–15.8)

12.6

(10.4–15.3)

Duval County, FL

38.0

(35.1–41.0)

32.8

(29.5–36.4)

35.6

(33.1–38.2)

17.1

(15.1–19.4)

17.9

(15.4–20.7)

17.6

(15.8–19.6)

Houston, TX

34.5

(30.3–39.0)

31.3

(27.3–35.5)

33.0

(30.1–36.0)

17.8

(15.6–20.2)

17.1

(14.5–20.2)

17.5

(15.6–19.6)

Los Angeles,CA

33.8

(29.3–38.5)

32.0

(27.3–37.2)

32.9

(29.5–36.5)

17.5

(14.5–21.1)

18.1

(14.4–22.5)

17.9

(15.5–20.5)

Memphis, TN

25.8

(22.5–29.4)

18.8

(15.8–22.2)

22.4

(19.9–25.1)

8.4

(6.2–11.2)

6.4

(4.5–8.9)

7.4

(5.8–9.5)

Miami- Dade County, FL

39.6

(36.3–43.1)

30.3

(26.1–34.9)

35.1

(32.0–38.4)

17.8

(15.8–20.1)

17.1

(14.1–20.6)

17.5

(15.4–19.8)

Milwaukee,WI

30.5

(27.2–34.0)

30.0

(26.4–33.8)

30.5

(28.0–33.2)

12.6

(10.7–14.9)

14.4

(12.0–17.1)

13.6

(12.1–15.3)

New York City, NY

32.6

(29.8–35.5)

28.3

(26.2–30.5)

30.6

(28.8–32.5)

12.7

(11.4–14.2)

12.5

(11.2–13.9)

12.7

(11.7–13.9)

Orange County, FL

37.8

(33.2–42.6)

35.0

(30.2–40.1)

36.2

(32.5–40.1)

15.9

(12.7–19.7)

19.3

(15.3–24.0)

17.5

(14.6–20.8)

Palm Beach County, FL

45.4

(40.8–50.2)

41.2

(36.8–45.6)

43.5

(39.6–47.4)

24.8

(21.6–28.3)

25.2

(21.4–29.5)

25.2

(22.2–28.4)

Philadelphia, PA

33.6

(29.2–38.4)

29.0

(24.6–33.8)

31.6

(27.9–35.5)

14.6

(11.8–18.0)

15.6

(12.5–19.3)

15.2

(12.7–18.0)

San Bernardino, CA

42.3

(37.7–47.1)

39.0

(34.3–44.0)

40.6

(37.0–44.4)

22.6

(19.1–26.5)

23.0

(19.6–26.8)

22.7

(20.2–25.5)

San Diego, CA

32.3

(27.7–37.3)

33.6

(28.8–38.7)

33.0

(28.9–37.2)

18.2

(14.8–22.3)

19.8

(16.5–23.5)

19.0

(16.1–22.3)

San Francisco, CA

21.6

(18.5–25.0)

20.2

(17.3–23.4)

21.0

(18.8–23.5)

10.0

(7.7–13.0)

13.0

(10.7–15.8)

11.7

(10.0–13.5)

Seattle, WA

29.9

(26.1–33.9)

24.4

(20.8–28.4)

27.2

(24.1–30.6)

17.5

(14.5–21.0)

16.8

(13.9–20.3)

17.4

(15.0–20.2)

Median

34.5

32.0

33.0

16.5

17.1

17.5

Range

21.6–45.4

18.8–41.2

21.0–43.5

7.8–24.8

6.4–25.2

7.4–25.2

* Had at least one drink of alcohol on at least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey.

Had five or more drinks of alcohol in a row within a couple of hours on at least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey.

§ 95% confidence interval.


TABLE 45. Percentage of high school students who drank alcohol on school property* and who usually obtained the alcohol they drank by someone giving it to them, by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Drank alcohol on school property

Someone gave alcohol to them

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White

3.8

(3.1–4.7)

4.2

(3.3–5.2)

4.0

(3.3–4.8)

43.9

(39.2–48.7)

34.4

(30.2–38.9)

38.8

(35.7–41.9)

Black

3.8

(3.0–4.8)

6.5

(5.1–8.2)

5.1

(4.2–6.3)

50.6

(43.7–57.5)

39.1

(33.2–45.2)

44.9

(39.5–50.5)

Hispanic

6.6

(5.4–8.1)

7.9

(6.1–10.1)

7.3

(6.1–8.8)

46.9

(42.1–51.7)

33.1

(29.7–36.6)

39.8

(37.2–42.5)

Grade

9

5.2

(3.9–6.8)

5.6

(4.2–7.5)

5.4

(4.4–6.7)

49.4

(42.3–56.6)

29.4

(24.1–35.4)

39.3

(35.3–43.5)

10

4.5

(3.4–6.0)

4.2

(3.1–5.8)

4.4

(3.4–5.5)

42.8

(36.6–49.3)

41.8

(33.6–50.4)

42.3

(37.1–47.6)

11

4.9

(3.7–6.5)

5.4

(4.2–7.0)

5.2

(4.1–6.4)

43.7

(38.0–49.7)

32.9

(28.0–38.2)

37.9

(34.4–41.5)

12

3.8

(2.8–5.2)

6.4

(5.0–8.2)

5.1

(4.2–6.2)

47.3

(41.7–53.1)

36.3

(32.1–40.8)

41.3

(38.3–44.4)

Total

4.7

(4.0–5.4)

5.4

(4.6–6.4)

5.1

(4.5–5.8)

45.7

(41.8–49.6)

35.0

(31.6–38.6)

40.0

(37.5–42.5)

* At least one drink of alcohol on at least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey.

Among the 38.7% of students nationwide who currently drank alcohol during the 30 days before the survey.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 46. Percentage of high school students who drank alcohol on school property* and who usually obtained the alcohol they drank by someone giving it to them, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Drank alcohol on school property

Someone gave alcohol to them

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

4.5

(3.0–6.7)

6.9

(4.2–11.0)

5.7

(3.8–8.4)

49.6

(42.3–56.9)

28.0

(21.3–35.9)

38.5

(32.9–44.4)

Alaska

3.1

(1.9–5.0)

3.7

(2.4–5.7)

3.4

(2.5–4.6)

Arizona

4.8

(3.9–5.8)

7.6

(5.7–10.2)

6.2

(5.2–7.5)

Arkansas

2.9

(1.6–5.2)

5.3

(3.6–7.8)

4.1

(2.9–5.8)

38.1

(32.0–44.6)

25.2

(18.8–32.9)

31.6

(26.2–37.5)

Colorado

4.6

(3.1–6.9)

5.4

(3.3–8.8)

5.3

(3.7–7.5)

47.5

(40.7–54.5)

25.6

(19.3–33.1)

36.9

(33.0–41.0)

Connecticut

3.4

(2.3–5.0)

5.8

(4.1–7.9)

4.6

(3.4–6.0)

41.4

(35.5–47.5)

27.0

(21.7–33.0)

34.1

(30.3–38.2)

Delaware

4.1

(3.0–5.4)

6.0

(4.6–7.8)

5.0

(4.1–6.1)

45.3

(40.2–50.5)

37.0

(31.6–42.7)

41.5

(38.2–44.9)

Florida

4.0

(3.3–4.8)

6.1

(5.2–7.2)

5.1

(4.6–5.7)

Georgia

3.9

(2.0–7.2)

6.4

(4.5–8.9)

5.4

(3.9–7.3)

48.5

(42.4–54.7)

32.4

(24.6–41.4)

40.9

(36.3–45.7)

Hawaii

5.2

(4.3–6.4)

4.7

(3.4–6.4)

5.0

(4.3–5.9)

47.9

(41.8–54.1)

32.9

(26.6–39.9)

41.4

(37.0–46.1)

Idaho

3.2

(2.2–4.7)

4.9

(3.5–6.7)

4.1

(3.1–5.2)

51.7

(46.6–56.8)

37.2

(29.8–45.2)

44.0

(39.2–49.0)

Illinois

2.6

(1.9–3.6)

4.1

(2.9–5.6)

3.3

(2.6–4.2)

42.9

(37.4–48.6)

29.4

(23.6–35.8)

36.3

(31.7–41.3)

Indiana

1.5

(0.8–2.8)

2.5

(1.5–4.2)

2.0

(1.4–2.9)

49.8

(43.8–55.9)

28.0

(23.2–33.4)

39.0

(36.2–41.9)

Iowa

1.6

(1.0–2.6)

2.9

(1.6–5.0)

2.3

(1.6–3.4)

50.0

(43.4–56.7)

35.3

(30.1–40.7)

42.2

(37.5–47.0)

Kansas

2.4

(1.4–3.9)

3.3

(2.2–4.9)

2.9

(2.1–3.9)

43.6

(36.7–50.7)

38.0

(29.7–47.0)

41.0

(36.0–46.2)

Kentucky

2.7

(2.0–3.6)

5.3

(3.7–7.6)

4.1

(3.1–5.3)

39.5

(31.8–47.8)

26.6

(21.0–33.0)

32.8

(27.6–38.3)

Louisiana

4.6

(2.2–9.2)

7.1

(3.9–12.5)

6.0

(3.7–9.8)

37.7

(28.8–47.4)

28.2

(19.0–39.6)

33.0

(27.2–39.4)

Maine

2.3

(1.8–2.9)

3.8

(3.2–4.4)

3.1

(2.7–3.5)

39.0

(35.1–43.1)

28.8

(25.0–32.9)

33.5

(30.8–36.3)

Maryland

4.8

(3.3–7.0)

5.6

(4.2–7.3)

5.3

(4.2–6.9)

49.2

(43.9–54.6)

38.4

(33.4–43.7)

44.2

(40.3–48.1)

Massachusetts

2.6

(1.6–4.3)

4.5

(3.4–6.0)

3.6

(2.8–4.6)

Michigan

2.2

(1.6–3.0)

3.0

(2.1–4.4)

2.7

(2.0–3.5)

43.6

(38.6–48.6)

28.7

(25.6–32.1)

35.6

(33.2–38.1)

Mississippi

3.0

(1.9–4.7)

6.0

(4.0–9.0)

4.5

(3.4–6.1)

49.2

(43.7–54.7)

29.5

(23.6–36.3)

39.5

(35.6–43.6)

Montana

2.5

(1.9–3.3)

4.4

(3.4–5.6)

3.5

(2.8–4.2)

39.3

(35.0–43.7)

29.6

(26.5–32.8)

34.1

(31.4–36.9)

Nebraska

2.5

(1.8–3.4)

3.4

(2.3–4.9)

3.0

(2.3–3.9)

37.7

(30.9–45.0)

32.3

(27.2–37.8)

35.2

(30.5–40.2)

New Hampshire

4.9

(3.1–7.6)

6.3

(4.5–8.7)

5.6

(4.4–7.2)

41.3

(35.0–47.9)

26.1

(20.0–33.3)

33.0

(28.0–38.4)

New Jersey

37.5

(32.4–42.9)

29.7

(24.8–35.2)

33.6

(29.1–38.3)

New Mexico

6.0

(5.0–7.3)

6.7

(5.6–8.1)

6.4

(5.4–7.6)

50.6

(47.3–54.0)

32.7

(27.8–38.1)

41.9

(38.6–45.1)

New York

35.9

(31.5–40.6)

26.1

(22.3–30.2)

31.2

(27.8–34.9)

North Carolina

3.7

(2.3–6.0)

7.1

(5.4–9.4)

5.5

(4.1–7.4)

41.1

(34.9–47.7)

27.8

(22.6–33.6)

34.2

(30.1–38.5)

North Dakota

2.8

(1.7–4.6)

3.4

(2.4–4.8)

3.1

(2.2–4.3)

40.6

(34.4–47.0)

26.6

(22.1–31.7)

33.5

(29.4–37.9)

Ohio

Oklahoma

2.3

(1.0–5.0)

3.0

(1.6–5.4)

2.6

(1.6–4.4)

53.2

(43.9–62.3)

33.0

(25.0–42.1)

42.5

(35.9–49.4)

Rhode Island

South Carolina

4.8

(3.2–6.9)

6.8

(4.6–10.0)

5.9

(4.3–8.1)

South Dakota

Tennessee

2.7

(2.1–3.6)

3.6

(2.5–5.1)

3.2

(2.6–4.0)

48.9

(43.3–54.5)

30.9

(26.0–36.3)

39.8

(36.0–43.8)

Texas

3.7

(2.8–4.9)

3.9

(3.0–5.0)

3.9

(3.2–4.7)

44.3

(39.4–49.4)

32.7

(28.6–37.1)

38.3

(34.5–42.3)

Utah

1.8

(1.0–3.1)

3.4

(2.0–5.8)

2.7

(1.8–4.1)

47.0

(35.4–58.9)

33.3

(22.9–45.6)

39.4

(32.3–47.0)

Vermont

2.2

(1.1–4.5)

4.2

(3.1–5.7)

3.3

(2.4–4.6)

Virginia

2.8

(1.7–4.5)

3.8

(2.4–5.9)

3.3

(2.3–4.8)

51.4

(40.4–62.4)

28.4

(21.2–37.0)

40.7

(34.1–47.6)

West Virginia

3.0

(1.9–4.7)

5.4

(3.6–7.9)

4.2

(3.0–5.9)

51.3

(45.5–57.0)

37.2

(30.4–44.4)

44.0

(39.4–48.8)

Wisconsin

46.0

(40.0–52.1)

31.6

(27.9–35.6)

38.6

(35.3–42.0)

Wyoming

4.1

(3.1–5.3)

6.0

(4.7–7.6)

5.1

(4.2–6.1)

50.2

(44.9–55.4)

29.7

(25.0–34.9)

40.0

(36.1–44.0)

Median

3.0

4.9

4.1

45.6

29.6

38.5

Range

1.5–6.0

2.5–7.6

2.0–6.4

35.9–53.2

25.2–38.4

31.2–44.2


TABLE 46. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who drank alcohol on school property* and who usually obtained the alcohol they drank by someone giving it to them, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Drank alcohol on school property

Someone gave alcohol to them

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

4.7

(2.7–8.0)

5.4

(3.5–8.3)

5.0

(3.6–7.0)

39.4

(28.1–52.1)

28.6

(21.1–37.5)

34.4

(27.4–42.1)

Broward County, FL

3.3

(2.3–4.8)

5.5

(4.2–7.3)

4.5

(3.6–5.6)

43.8

(35.8–52.2)

33.4

(26.7–40.8)

38.6

(34.3–43.0)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

5.2

(3.5–7.6)

7.8

(5.9–10.3)

6.6

(4.9–8.7)

Chicago, IL

4.4

(3.3–5.9)

6.1

(4.6–8.2)

5.2

(4.2–6.5)

36.9

(31.7–42.3)

28.4

(22.8–34.7)

33.3

(29.1–37.7)

Dallas, TX

4.3

(3.0–6.1)

7.0

(4.7–10.2)

5.6

(4.2–7.4)

51.4

(42.2–60.5)

31.7

(24.8–39.6)

42.9

(36.2–49.8)

Detroit, MI

2.2

(1.5–3.3)

4.5

(3.4–6.1)

3.3

(2.6–4.2)

40.8

(35.6–46.3)

33.6

(23.7–45.2)

37.6

(32.6–42.9)

District of Columbia

6.6

(4.7–9.3)

6.9

(4.9–9.7)

6.7

(5.1–8.8)

Duval County, FL

6.3

(5.0–7.8)

6.2

(5.0–7.8)

6.3

(5.4–7.4)

46.0

(41.5–50.6)

32.4

(27.2–38.2)

39.8

(36.2–43.6)

Houston, TX

4.5

(3.2–6.1)

4.8

(3.7–6.3)

4.7

(3.9–5.7)

39.1

(33.3–45.2)

29.0

(24.1–34.4)

34.3

(30.1–38.7)

Los Angeles, CA

8.9

(6.6–12.1)

9.4

(6.5–13.6)

9.3

(7.1–11.9)

44.3

(37.8–51.1)

23.0

(17.2–30.1)

33.4

(28.4–38.7)

Memphis, TN

2.9

(2.0–4.1)

2.1

(1.2–3.8)

2.6

(1.8–3.6)

56.5

(48.2–64.5)

28.7

(20.2–39.1)

44.8

(37.7–52.1)

Miami-Dade County, FL

4.5

(3.4–5.9)

5.1

(3.9–6.7)

4.8

(3.8–6.0)

43.3

(37.1–49.6)

28.4

(21.7–36.2)

37.0

(32.5–41.8)

Milwaukee, WI

53.8

(47.7–59.9)

32.6

(26.5–39.4)

43.2

(38.2–48.4)

New York City, NY

36.4

(33.3–39.6)

27.2

(24.2–30.4)

32.0

(29.7–34.5)

Orange County, FL

3.5

(2.2–5.6)

4.5

(3.1–6.7)

4.0

(3.0–5.4)

51.6

(43.9–59.3)

34.5

(28.4–41.1)

43.3

(38.1–48.6)

Palm Beach County, FL

6.1

(4.4–8.3)

6.3

(4.6–8.5)

6.4

(5.0–8.0)

43.7

(38.2–49.3)

31.3

(25.5–37.6)

37.8

(33.2–42.7)

Philadelphia, PA

4.2

(2.8–6.2)

5.4

(3.7–7.8)

4.8

(3.7–6.3)

33.8

(27.1–41.3)

26.7

(21.0–33.2)

30.5

(25.8–35.6)

San Bernardino, CA

10.6

(8.4–13.4)

10.9

(8.0–14.7)

10.7

(8.8–13.0)

42.7

(35.9–49.9)

29.5

(24.1–35.5)

36.3

(32.1–40.6)

San Diego, CA

7.8

(5.1–11.6)

7.8

(5.6–10.8)

7.8

(5.7–10.5)

44.6

(36.3–53.2)

19.6

(15.0–25.1)

31.6

(26.0–37.8)

San Francisco, CA

4.9

(3.6–6.6)

5.6

(4.0–7.7)

5.3

(4.2–6.8)

32.3

(25.1–40.5)

20.5

(15.4–26.7)

26.5

(22.1–31.4)

Seattle, WA

5.9

(4.3–7.9)

5.9

(4.0–8.5)

6.1

(4.8–7.8)

40.4

(33.7–47.5)

28.6

(21.9–36.3)

34.8

(29.7–40.2)

Median

4.7

5.9

5.3

43.3

28.7

36.3

Range

2.2–10.6

2.1–10.9

2.6–10.7

32.3–56.5

19.6–34.5

26.5–44.8

* At least one drink of alcohol on at least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey.

Among students who currently drank alcohol during the 30 days before the survey.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Not available.


TABLE 47. Percentage of high school students who used marijuana, by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Ever used marijuana*

Tried marijuana for the first time before age 13 years

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White§

35.4

(32.6–38.3)

40.3

(36.9–43.8)

37.9

(35.3–40.6)

4.4

(3.4–5.7)

8.5

(7.4–9.7)

6.5

(5.7–7.4)

Black§

37.7

(33.3–42.4)

48.5

(43.2–53.7)

43.0

(38.9–47.3)

6.9

(4.9–9.7)

14.2

(11.5–17.3)

10.5

(8.8–12.6)

Hispanic

39.1

(35.5–42.7)

45.0

(41.8–48.2)

42.1

(39.2–45.0)

7.1

(5.7–8.6)

11.6

(9.4–14.3)

9.4

(7.9–11.2)

Grade

9

26.4

(23.3–29.8)

34.9

(31.5–38.6)

30.8

(28.0–33.7)

6.6

(5.2–8.3)

12.7

(10.8–14.9)

9.7

(8.3–11.3)

10

35.2

(31.9–38.7)

37.5

(33.2–42.0)

36.4

(33.4–39.5)

4.8

(3.6–6.2)

10.1

(8.1–12.4)

7.5

(6.3–8.9)

11

42.1

(38.5–45.9)

48.7

(44.4–53.0)

45.5

(42.1–48.9)

5.6

(4.2–7.3)

9.6

(8.0–11.5)

7.6

(6.4–9.1)

12

47.1

(42.6–51.6)

50.8

(46.9–54.6)

48.9

(45.7–52.1)

5.3

(4.0–7.1)

8.7

(7.1–10.6)

7.0

(5.8–8.5)

Total

37.2

(34.7–39.7)

42.5

(39.8–45.2)

39.9

(37.8–42.1)

5.7

(4.8–6.7)

10.4

(9.3–11.6)

8.1

(7.3–9.0)

* Used marijuana one or more times during their life.

95% confidence interval.

§ Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 48. Percentage of high school students who used marijuana, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Ever used marijuana*

Tried marijuana for the first time before age 13 years

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

32.4

(27.8–37.5)

44.7

(38.1–51.6)

38.5

(33.7–43.5)

4.5

(2.8–7.2)

12.5

(8.8–17.4)

8.5

(6.1–11.7)

Alaska

40.2

(34.3–46.4)

42.1

(36.7–47.8)

41.2

(36.3–46.3)

8.7

(6.0–12.3)

11.9

(8.3–16.7)

10.4

(7.7–13.8)

Arizona

40.9

(37.2–44.7)

45.0

(40.4–49.7)

42.8

(39.2–46.5)

8.4

(6.9–10.2)

14.2

(11.9–16.9)

11.4

(9.9–13.1)

Arkansas

29.2

(25.8–32.8)

37.0

(30.3–44.3)

33.3

(29.0–37.9)

4.5

(3.3–5.9)

10.7

(8.3–13.8)

7.8

(6.5–9.4)

Colorado

37.2

(31.3–43.6)

40.6

(35.0–46.5)

39.5

(34.3–44.9)

7.2

(5.0–10.2)

10.4

(7.5–14.1)

9.0

(7.1–11.3)

Connecticut

35.7

(31.8–39.7)

43.7

(39.4–48.1)

39.6

(36.2–43.2)

4.4

(2.9–6.5)

8.3

(6.2–10.9)

6.3

(5.1–7.9)

Delaware

43.8

(39.0–48.8)

47.7

(43.3–52.1)

46.0

(42.1–49.9)

7.0

(5.5–8.8)

13.9

(11.5–16.7)

10.4

(8.9–12.2)

Florida

36.2

(33.9–38.6)

41.9

(39.5–44.4)

39.1

(37.1–41.2)

6.4

(5.5–7.4)

11.0

(9.8–12.5)

8.8

(7.8–9.8)

Georgia

36.4

(30.8–42.3)

39.2

(35.9–42.7)

37.9

(34.4–41.6)

8.1

(6.0–10.9)

11.8

(9.0–15.2)

10.2

(8.4–12.3)

Hawaii

§

7.5

(6.1–9.0)

11.6

(9.7–13.8)

9.5

(8.3–10.8)

Idaho

29.8

(24.3–35.9)

39.0

(32.6–45.6)

34.6

(29.4–40.1)

3.9

(2.7–5.6)

7.8

(5.8–10.3)

5.9

(4.5–7.6)

Illinois

35.6

(32.0–39.3)

41.1

(36.9–45.4)

38.4

(34.7–42.2)

5.8

(4.1–8.0)

8.5

(6.9–10.5)

7.2

(6.0–8.5)

Indiana

33.3

(29.4–37.4)

41.0

(35.9–46.3)

37.2

(33.5–41.1)

5.8

(4.1–8.0)

8.1

(6.4–10.2)

6.9

(5.6–8.6)

Iowa

24.8

(19.6–30.8)

30.5

(22.3–40.1)

27.8

(21.7–34.8)

2.6

(1.5–4.5)

6.0

(4.0–8.9)

4.4

(3.2–5.9)

Kansas

29.6

(25.4–34.2)

33.6

(29.2–38.4)

31.6

(28.4–35.0)

4.8

(3.5–6.5)

7.2

(5.1–10.2)

6.0

(4.5–8.0)

Kentucky

34.8

(29.0–41.2)

39.7

(35.4–44.1)

37.4

(33.4–41.5)

6.6

(4.6–9.2)

13.1

(10.0–16.9)

10.0

(8.2–12.3)

Louisiana

29.2

(21.2–38.8)

39.7

(33.5–46.2)

34.2

(28.1–40.8)

5.8

(3.8–8.8)

16.0

(12.7–19.9)

10.7

(9.1–12.4)

Maine

33.1

(30.9–35.4)

38.2

(36.2–40.3)

35.8

(34.1–37.5)

5.2

(4.4–6.2)

9.1

(8.0–10.4)

7.3

(6.5–8.3)

Maryland

36.9

(30.9–43.3)

36.9

(33.4–40.5)

37.0

(33.1–41.1)

6.0

(4.3–8.3)

11.1

(8.4–14.5)

8.5

(6.8–10.7)

Massachusetts

37.8

(34.2–41.5)

48.5

(44.5–52.5)

43.1

(39.9–46.4)

5.0

(3.5–7.2)

8.8

(6.9–11.0)

6.9

(5.5–8.7)

Michigan

30.7

(26.0–35.9)

38.2

(34.5–41.9)

34.5

(30.9–38.3)

4.4

(3.1–6.1)

9.0

(7.2–11.1)

6.8

(5.5–8.3)

Mississippi

25.7

(23.9–27.5)

40.5

(36.9–44.2)

33.2

(30.9–35.5)

4.3

(2.9–6.1)

12.8

(10.4–15.7)

8.6

(7.0–10.6)

Montana

36.0

(32.1–40.1)

42.2

(38.2–46.4)

39.2

(35.5–43.1)

5.8

(4.3–7.9)

10.0

(8.0–12.3)

8.0

(6.4–9.9)

Nebraska

23.6

(20.2–27.4)

26.3

(23.4–29.5)

25.0

(22.3–27.9)

2.7

(1.8–4.0)

6.8

(5.3–8.6)

4.9

(3.8–6.1)

New Hampshire

40.5

(34.7–46.6)

46.2

(41.9–50.5)

43.5

(39.6–47.6)

7.3

(5.2–10.1)

8.1

(5.9–10.9)

7.7

(5.9–10.0)

New Jersey

33.0

(28.0–38.4)

41.0

(35.9–46.2)

36.9

(33.3–40.7)

1.9

(1.1–3.4)

6.6

(4.6–9.3)

4.3

(3.2–5.8)

New Mexico

14.8

(11.9–18.2)

22.1

(18.4–26.3)

18.5

(15.4–22.0)

New York

5.8

(4.7–7.1)

9.3

(7.9–10.9)

7.6

(6.7–8.6)

North Carolina

37.5

(32.5–42.8)

48.3

(43.6–53.0)

42.9

(38.6–47.4)

6.1

(4.3–8.8)

12.3

(9.6–15.7)

9.4

(7.2–12.1)

North Dakota

4.0

(2.8–5.8)

8.3

(5.9–11.4)

6.3

(4.7–8.5)

Ohio

38.6

(32.0–45.8)

46.5

(40.2–53.0)

42.8

(37.4–48.3)

5.6

(3.9–7.9)

11.8

(8.8–15.8)

9.0

(7.0–11.5)

Oklahoma

32.1

(27.0–37.7)

40.2

(35.5–45.1)

36.1

(32.0–40.4)

4.7

(2.6–8.4)

9.9

(6.6–14.6)

7.4

(5.1–10.6)

Rhode Island

36.2

(31.4–41.2)

44.1

(40.4–47.8)

40.1

(36.5–43.9)

4.7

(3.4–6.5)

9.3

(7.6–11.3)

7.1

(5.9–8.6)

South Carolina

39.1

(34.0–44.5)

49.3

(43.2–55.3)

44.1

(40.2–48.2)

5.4

(3.8–7.5)

16.5

(12.9–20.8)

11.0

(8.7–13.8)

South Dakota

33.8

(23.5–46.0)

32.0

(23.1–42.4)

32.8

(23.5–43.8)

6.7

(3.6–12.1)

8.9

(4.1–18.2)

7.8

(3.9–14.9)

Tennessee

34.0

(30.7–37.5)

41.5

(37.8–45.3)

37.8

(35.0–40.7)

6.5

(5.1–8.3)

11.7

(9.2–14.7)

9.2

(7.5–11.2)

Texas

35.6

(31.3–40.3)

45.1

(41.0–49.4)

40.5

(36.8–44.3)

6.1

(4.7–7.8)

11.8

(10.2–13.5)

9.0

(7.9–10.3)

Utah

16.8

(12.6–22.0)

21.8

(17.4–26.9)

19.6

(15.8–24.1)

2.8

(1.4–5.5)

7.0

(4.6–10.4)

5.1

(3.4–7.6)

Vermont

4.0

(3.3–4.9)

8.7

(7.1–10.5)

6.4

(5.5–7.6)

Virginia

30.7

(24.0–38.3)

33.1

(27.4–39.4)

31.9

(26.6–37.8)

6.0

(4.4–8.1)

10.2

(6.9–14.8)

8.1

(6.1–10.7)

West Virginia

31.7

(27.4–36.4)

41.9

(37.5–46.5)

36.9

(33.2–40.8)

4.3

(2.7–6.8)

10.6

(8.2–13.7)

7.5

(5.8–9.8)

Wisconsin

34.3

(29.6–39.3)

40.2

(33.9–46.9)

37.3

(32.2–42.7)

4.0

(2.8–5.7)

7.7

(6.0–9.8)

5.9

(4.7–7.5)

Wyoming

33.7

(30.3–37.2)

38.1

(33.7–42.8)

35.9

(32.6–39.3)

8.4

(6.8–10.3)

10.2

(8.1–12.7)

9.3

(7.9–11.0)

Median

34.1

40.8

37.3

5.8

10.2

7.8

Range

16.8–43.8

21.8–49.3

19.6–46.0

1.9–14.8

6.0–22.1

4.3–18.5


TABLE 48. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who used marijuana, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Ever used marijuana*

Tried marijuana for the first time before age 13 years

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

36.2

(31.9–40.7)

44.5

(38.8–50.4)

40.3

(36.9–43.8)

6.6

(4.5–9.4)

12.8

(10.0–16.2)

9.7

(8.1–11.5)

Broward County, FL

34.4

(30.5–38.6)

41.5

(37.3–45.8)

38.1

(34.9–41.4)

4.3

(3.0–6.0)

10.7

(8.7–13.1)

7.5

(6.2–9.0)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

43.6

(38.3–49.1)

48.6

(42.9–54.2)

46.3

(42.0–50.6)

6.9

(5.0–9.5)

14.4

(11.6–17.8)

11.1

(9.1–13.4)

Chicago, IL

40.0

(35.5–44.7)

45.8

(40.3–51.4)

42.6

(38.4–46.9)

9.2

(7.5–11.4)

14.6

(12.3–17.3)

11.9

(10.1–14.0)

Dallas, TX

35.3

(30.7–40.1)

46.8

(42.3–51.4)

41.0

(37.3–44.8)

7.8

(5.2–11.5)

12.1

(9.0–16.1)

10.0

(7.7–12.8)

Detroit, MI

46.3

(42.3–50.4)

49.2

(44.1–54.3)

47.9

(44.5–51.3)

5.6

(4.4–7.1)

14.4

(11.0–18.5)

10.1

(8.2–12.3)

District of Columbia

40.3

(36.0–44.8)

46.1

(41.1–51.2)

43.0

(39.6–46.5)

9.0

(6.7–11.9)

13.2

(10.3–16.8)

11.0

(9.2–13.1)

Duval County, FL

36.7

(33.4–40.1)

44.1

(40.7–47.6)

40.5

(37.8–43.2)

8.3

(6.6–10.4)

14.4

(12.3–16.9)

11.5

(10.1–13.0)

Houston, TX

34.9

(31.1–38.8)

42.8

(38.8–46.9)

38.9

(36.0–42.0)

7.1

(5.5–9.1)

13.5

(11.2–16.2)

10.4

(8.8–12.1)

Los Angeles, CA

40.5

(35.9–45.4)

43.8

(36.6–51.4)

42.4

(37.0–47.9)

8.8

(6.3–12.3)

15.1

(12.1–18.8)

12.3

(10.3–14.5)

Memphis, TN

33.6

(30.1–37.2)

42.3

(37.4–47.4)

37.8

(34.2–41.5)

7.2

(5.4–9.7)

13.2

(10.5–16.4)

10.2

(8.4–12.3)

Miami-Dade County, FL

30.0

(26.7–33.4)

34.1

(29.9–38.5)

32.2

(29.4–35.1)

4.8

(3.5–6.5)

7.8

(6.2–9.7)

6.3

(5.2–7.7)

Milwaukee, WI

51.6

(47.7–55.4)

56.3

(52.4–60.1)

54.1

(51.2–56.9)

11.9

(9.7–14.6)

18.3

(15.2–21.9)

15.2

(13.1–17.6)

New York City, NY

5.2

(4.2–6.3)

8.9

(7.8–10.1)

7.1

(6.2–8.1)

Orange County, FL

31.5

(27.3–35.9)

36.2

(31.6–41.0)

33.9

(30.3–37.7)

5.0

(3.3–7.5)

10.1

(7.6–13.3)

7.6

(6.0–9.5)

Palm Beach County, FL

41.3

(37.7–45.0)

45.7

(41.8–49.6)

43.5

(40.2–46.9)

6.6

(4.9–8.7)

10.5

(8.3–13.2)

8.6

(7.1–10.3)

Philadelphia, PA

33.7

(29.5–38.2)

42.6

(37.9–47.5)

38.2

(34.6–42.1)

5.1

(3.7–6.9)

10.7

(8.1–14.0)

7.9

(6.2–9.8)

San Bernardino, CA

46.6

(41.3–52.1)

49.1

(44.4–53.8)

47.8

(43.5–52.1)

7.7

(5.9–10.1)

17.0

(13.4–21.3)

12.4

(10.1–15.1)

San Diego, CA

38.9

(34.4–43.7)

41.2

(35.8–46.8)

40.1

(35.6–44.8)

8.7

(6.2–12.1)

12.5

(9.6–16.1)

10.6

(8.2–13.7)

San Francisco, CA

28.3

(24.9–32.1)

31.0

(27.2–35.1)

30.1

(27.1–33.2)

6.7

(4.9–9.1)

9.2

(6.5–12.8)

8.3

(6.5–10.6)

Seattle, WA

5.1

(3.8–6.9)

9.4

(7.5–11.6)

7.5

(6.2–9.0)

Median

36.7

44.1

40.5

6.9

12.8

10.1

Range

28.3–51.6

31.0–56.3

30.1–54.1

4.3–11.9

7.8–18.3

6.3–15.2

* Used marijuana one or more times during their life.

95% confidence interval.

§ Not available.


TABLE 49. Percentage of high school students who currently used marijuana* and who used marijuana on school property, by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Current marijuana use

Used marijuana on school property

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White

18.8

(16.4–21.6)

24.4

(21.5–27.4)

21.7

(19.6–24.0)

3.4

(2.6–4.3)

5.6

(4.5–7.0)

4.5

(3.8–5.5)

Black

21.3

(17.9–25.3)

29.1

(25.8–32.5)

25.1

(22.5–27.9)

4.1

(2.8–6.1)

9.3

(7.1–12.1)

6.7

(5.3–8.4)

Hispanic

21.6

(18.8–24.7)

27.0

(24.3–29.9)

24.4

(22.0–27.1)

5.7

(4.6–7.0)

9.6

(8.2–11.1)

7.7

(6.7–8.9)

Grade

9

15.4

(13.0–18.2)

20.5

(18.1–23.2)

18.0

(15.9–20.4)

3.7

(2.7–5.0)

7.0

(5.3–9.2)

5.4

(4.2–6.9)

10

18.9

(16.7–21.3)

24.2

(20.7–28.0)

21.6

(19.4–24.0)

4.2

(3.2–5.5)

8.0

(6.2–10.3)

6.2

(5.0–7.6)

11

22.0

(18.8–25.5)

28.9

(25.3–32.7)

25.5

(22.7–28.5)

4.7

(3.6–6.1)

7.5

(5.6–10.0)

6.2

(4.9–7.8)

12

24.7

(21.3–28.6)

31.1

(28.6–33.8)

28.0

(25.9–30.2)

3.5

(2.6–4.7)

7.2

(6.0–8.5)

5.4

(4.6–6.2)

Total

20.1

(18.2–22.1)

25.9

(23.9–28.0)

23.1

(21.5–24.7)

4.1

(3.5–4.8)

7.5

(6.5–8.7)

5.9

(5.1–6.7)

* Used marijuana one or more times during the 30 days before the survey.

One or more times during the 30 days before the survey.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 50. Percentage of high school students who currently used marijuana* and who used marijuana on school property, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Current marijuana use

Used marijuana on school property

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

15.9

(12.7–19.6)

25.7

(20.5–31.7)

20.8

(17.6–24.3)

3.1

(1.7–5.6)

4.9

(3.1–7.5)

4.0

(2.8–5.7)

Alaska

18.7

(15.2–22.9)

23.5

(19.5–28.0)

21.2

(18.0–24.7)

4.0

(2.6–6.2)

4.5

(3.1–6.6)

4.3

(3.3–5.7)

Arizona

19.6

(16.8–22.7)

26.3

(22.2–30.9)

22.9

(19.8–26.3)

5.0

(3.7–6.6)

6.0

(4.3–8.4)

5.6

(4.2–7.3)

Arkansas

14.0

(10.8–18.0)

19.2

(15.4–23.8)

16.8

(13.5–20.7)

2.2

(1.0–4.5)

5.1

(3.2–8.0)

3.9

(2.5–5.9)

Colorado

20.1

(17.4–23.1)

23.6

(19.9–27.8)

22.0

(19.6–24.5)

4.7

(3.3–6.7)

6.8

(4.8–9.6)

6.0

(4.6–7.9)

Connecticut

21.0

(17.6–24.8)

27.3

(23.5–31.4)

24.1

(21.3–27.3)

3.3

(2.2–4.9)

7.0

(5.1–9.6)

5.2

(3.9–6.8)

Delaware

26.5

(23.3–30.1)

28.2

(24.8–31.9)

27.6

(24.9–30.4)

4.6

(3.1–6.7)

7.4

(5.8–9.5)

6.1

(4.9–7.5)

Florida

19.7

(17.9–21.7)

25.2

(23.0–27.5)

22.5

(20.8–24.3)

3.9

(3.3–4.6)

8.6

(7.4–10.0)

6.3

(5.5–7.1)

Georgia

19.6

(15.9–24.0)

22.5

(19.4–25.9)

21.2

(18.8–23.9)

4.1

(2.9–5.6)

6.9

(4.8–9.6)

5.6

(4.3–7.2)

Hawaii

21.1

(17.7–24.8)

22.9

(20.4–25.6)

21.9

(19.5–24.7)

7.8

(6.3–9.7)

7.2

(5.6–9.3)

7.6

(6.4–9.0)

Idaho

15.7

(12.6–19.3)

21.9

(17.1–27.5)

18.8

(15.5–22.7)

3.8

(2.6–5.6)

5.8

(3.9–8.6)

4.9

(3.6–6.6)

Illinois

18.6

(16.3–21.3)

27.5

(23.6–31.8)

23.1

(20.1–26.4)

3.3

(2.3–4.8)

6.0

(4.8–7.5)

4.7

(3.8–5.8)

Indiana

16.4

(14.0–19.2)

23.4

(19.9–27.3)

20.0

(17.8–22.4)

1.9

(1.2–3.1)

4.7

(2.8–7.8)

3.3

(2.2–5.0)

Iowa

11.2

(8.1–15.4)

17.9

(12.3–25.4)

14.6

(10.9–19.4)

1.7

(1.1–2.7)

5.1

(2.6–9.8)

3.4

(2.0–5.9)

Kansas

13.9

(11.9–16.2)

19.6

(16.8–22.6)

16.8

(15.0–18.6)

1.7

(1.0–2.7)

4.0

(2.7–6.0)

2.9

(2.0–4.2)

Kentucky

17.4

(14.4–20.9)

20.6

(16.7–25.3)

19.2

(16.4–22.4)

3.0

(1.9–4.9)

5.3

(3.7–7.6)

4.2

(3.1–5.8)

Louisiana

13.5

(10.9–16.7)

20.4

(16.2–25.4)

16.8

(14.7–19.2)

1.7

(0.8–3.8)

6.5

(4.5–9.5)

4.1

(3.0–5.6)

Maine

18.4

(16.9–20.0)

23.6

(21.7–25.7)

21.2

(19.7–22.7)

Maryland

20.4

(15.8–25.9)

25.9

(23.8–28.1)

23.2

(20.1–26.5)

4.5

(3.0–6.6)

6.3

(4.8–8.2)

5.7

(4.3–7.4)

Massachusetts

23.1

(19.9–26.6)

32.6

(29.7–35.5)

27.9

(25.3–30.6)

3.6

(2.8–4.6)

8.9

(7.2–10.9)

6.3

(5.3–7.4)

Michigan

15.5

(12.8–18.7)

21.6

(18.8–24.7)

18.6

(16.3–21.1)

2.2

(1.5–3.3)

4.3

(3.1–5.9)

3.3

(2.5–4.3)

Mississippi

11.5

(9.5–13.8)

23.2

(20.0–26.7)

17.5

(15.2–20.0)

2.3

(1.4–3.8)

4.0

(2.5–6.4)

3.2

(2.2–4.7)

Montana

19.4

(16.5–22.6)

23.0

(19.6–26.7)

21.2

(18.4–24.4)

4.0

(3.0–5.3)

7.0

(5.4–8.8)

5.5

(4.5–6.8)

Nebraska

12.0

(9.4–15.1)

13.5

(11.2–16.2)

12.7

(10.8–14.9)

0.9

(0.4–1.7)

4.5

(3.2–6.3)

2.7

(2.0–3.7)

New Hampshire

25.8

(21.0–31.3)

30.6

(26.5–35.0)

28.4

(24.9–32.2)

4.7

(3.3–6.6)

9.4

(7.0–12.5)

7.3

(5.7–9.2)

New Jersey

18.2

(15.0–21.9)

24.0

(20.2–28.4)

21.1

(18.4–24.0)

New Mexico

25.4

(21.8–29.4)

29.8

(26.6–33.3)

27.6

(24.5–31.0)

8.3

(6.8–10.1)

11.0

(9.0–13.3)

9.7

(8.1–11.5)

New York

19.2

(17.6–20.8)

21.9

(18.6–25.6)

20.5

(18.5–22.7)

North Carolina

18.0

(15.0–21.4)

30.2

(27.2–33.4)

24.2

(21.7–26.9)

2.4

(1.4–4.2)

8.1

(5.7–11.4)

5.2

(3.7–7.5)

North Dakota

13.7

(10.7–17.5)

16.5

(13.2–20.5)

15.3

(12.5–18.5)

1.4

(0.8–2.4)

5.3

(3.8–7.2)

3.4

(2.6–4.4)

Ohio

19.0

(14.6–24.4)

27.7

(21.8–34.4)

23.6

(19.8–27.9)

Oklahoma

17.3

(13.0–22.5)

21.0

(16.1–27.0)

19.1

(15.5–23.4)

0.9

(0.5–1.8)

4.0

(2.1–7.5)

2.4

(1.5–4.0)

Rhode Island

22.7

(18.8–27.2)

30.0

(26.7–33.6)

26.3

(23.5–29.4)

South Carolina

19.2

(15.6–23.4)

29.1

(23.7–35.3)

24.1

(20.2–28.5)

2.1

(1.3–3.4)

8.2

(5.6–11.8)

5.2

(3.9–7.0)

South Dakota

17.1

(11.2–25.1)

18.5

(11.7–28.0)

17.8

(11.6–26.3)

Tennessee

17.2

(15.1–19.6)

23.8

(20.9–27.0)

20.6

(18.7–22.6)

2.6

(2.1–3.3)

4.6

(3.3–6.3)

3.6

(2.9–4.5)

Texas

17.1

(14.6–20.0)

24.2

(20.5–28.3)

20.8

(18.2–23.6)

2.3

(1.7–3.2)

7.1

(5.5–9.2)

4.8

(3.9–5.9)

Utah

7.5

(5.0–11.2)

11.2

(8.2–15.1)

9.6

(7.3–12.5)

2.1

(1.3–3.2)

5.5

(3.4–8.9)

4.0

(2.8–5.8)

Vermont

20.5

(18.1–23.2)

27.8

(24.1–31.9)

24.4

(21.4–27.6)

3.9

(2.5–6.0)

7.9

(6.0–10.3)

6.0

(4.4–8.1)

Virginia

16.9

(13.1–21.6)

18.9

(14.3–24.6)

18.0

(14.5–22.1)

3.2

(1.6–6.0)

3.6

(2.3–5.6)

3.5

(2.3–5.3)

West Virginia

15.1

(12.1–18.9)

24.2

(20.4–28.4)

19.7

(16.6–23.3)

1.7

(0.9–3.0)

4.3

(3.1–6.1)

3.0

(2.2–4.1)

Wisconsin

18.4

(15.2–22.2)

24.5

(20.0–29.8)

21.6

(18.2–25.4)

Wyoming

17.1

(14.6–20.0)

19.8

(16.7–23.3)

18.5

(16.2–21.1)

3.0

(2.3–4.1)

6.3

(4.9–8.0)

4.7

(3.9–5.6)

Median

18.2

23.6

21.1

3.0

6.0

4.7

Range

7.5–26.5

11.2–32.6

9.6–28.4

0.9–8.3

3.6–11.0

2.4–9.7


TABLE 50. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who currently used marijuana* and who used marijuana on school property, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Current marijuana use

Used marijuana on school property

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

21.2

(17.6–25.4)

32.7

(27.3–38.6)

27.0

(24.1–30.2)

5.9

(3.9–8.8)

8.2

(5.5–12.3)

7.1

(5.3–9.5)

Broward County, FL

17.9

(15.3–21.0)

25.7

(22.5–29.2)

22.1

(19.8–24.5)

3.4

(2.3–4.9)

7.8

(6.0–10.0)

5.8

(4.6–7.3)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

24.0

(20.6–27.7)

31.0

(26.5–35.8)

27.6

(24.7–30.8)

Chicago, IL

21.7

(17.8–26.1)

29.1

(24.9–33.6)

25.0

(21.4–28.9)

6.2

(4.4–8.6)

12.6

(10.4–15.2)

9.1

(7.2–11.4)

Dallas, TX

17.1

(13.5–21.5)

22.2

(17.6–27.7)

19.5

(16.4–23.1)

1.8

(0.9–3.5)

7.8

(4.9–12.2)

4.7

(3.1–7.1)

Detroit, MI

13.6

(11.0–16.7)

18.8

(15.0–23.1)

16.3

(13.9–19.1)

2.1

(1.4–3.0)

6.9

(5.1–9.5)

4.6

(3.6–5.9)

District of Columbia

24.0

(20.9–27.3)

28.5

(24.3–33.1)

26.1

(23.6–28.7)

6.5

(4.9–8.6)

9.4

(6.6–13.3)

7.9

(6.2–9.9)

Duval County, FL

18.9

(16.6–21.5)

26.7

(23.9–29.8)

22.9

(20.9–25.0)

4.7

(3.5–6.3)

9.8

(8.1–11.7)

7.3

(6.3–8.5)

Houston, TX

16.0

(13.5–18.9)

22.8

(19.5–26.5)

19.5

(17.1–22.1)

4.5

(3.3–6.3)

6.2

(4.8–8.1)

5.5

(4.4–6.8)

Los Angeles, CA

19.8

(16.4–23.8)

24.8

(18.7–32.0)

22.4

(18.3–27.2)

7.8

(5.8–10.5)

12.3

(8.6–17.4)

10.3

(8.0–13.1)

Memphis, TN

15.2

(12.1–18.8)

26.0

(22.1–30.2)

20.4

(17.8–23.3)

2.1

(1.3–3.4)

7.8

(5.7–10.6)

4.9

(3.7–6.5)

Miami-Dade County, FL

15.7

(13.3–18.4)

20.8

(17.6–24.5)

18.3

(16.3–20.6)

5.0

(3.5–7.2)

8.1

(6.0–10.8)

6.5

(5.1–8.4)

Milwaukee, WI

28.5

(25.0–32.2)

34.7

(30.9–38.8)

31.7

(28.9–34.7)

New York City, NY

15.7

(14.1–17.5)

19.7

(18.2–21.1)

17.7

(16.6–19.0)

Orange County, FL

18.0

(15.1–21.4)

22.5

(18.7–26.9)

20.2

(17.6–23.2)

2.4

(1.3–4.5)

6.6

(4.2–10.3)

4.5

(3.1–6.4)

Palm Beach County, FL

25.5

(22.2–29.0)

27.4

(23.9–31.3)

26.6

(23.8–29.6)

5.7

(4.3–7.4)

8.5

(6.5–11.1)

7.2

(5.9–8.8)

Philadelphia, PA

17.7

(15.0–20.9)

24.5

(20.8–28.6)

21.3

(18.6–24.3)

3.7

(2.6–5.1)

7.4

(5.3–10.2)

5.4

(4.2–6.9)

San Bernardino, CA

23.1

(19.6–27.0)

28.4

(24.2–33.1)

25.8

(22.5–29.3)

8.6

(6.6–11.2)

14.5

(11.1–18.7)

11.5

(9.5–14.0)

San Diego, CA

21.5

(17.6–25.9)

26.4

(22.5–30.8)

24.0

(20.6–27.9)

5.8

(4.0–8.4)

10.3

(7.8–13.5)

8.2

(6.2–10.7)

San Francisco, CA

17.6

(14.7–20.9)

17.7

(14.6–21.3)

17.9

(15.8–20.3)

4.5

(3.0–6.7)

8.5

(6.3–11.4)

6.7

(5.3–8.5)

Seattle, WA

18.3

(14.9–22.2)

22.8

(19.4–26.6)

20.8

(18.2–23.7)

6.6

(4.8–8.9)

9.7

(7.6–12.3)

8.5

(6.8–10.6)

Median

18.3

25.7

22.1

4.8

8.3

6.9

Range

13.6–28.5

17.7–34.7

16.3–31.7

1.8–8.6

6.2–14.5

4.5–11.5

* Used marijuana one or more times during the 30 days before the survey.

One or more times during the 30 days before the survey.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Not available.


TABLE 51. Percentage of high school students who used cocaine, by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Ever used cocaine*

Current cocaine use

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White

5.8

(5.0–6.7)

7.6

(6.5–8.8)

6.7

(6.0–7.5)

1.6

(1.2–2.3)

3.3

(2.6–4.2)

2.5

(2.2–2.9)

Black

1.1

(0.4–2.7)

4.2

(2.7–6.4)

2.6

(1.8–3.8)

0.1

(0.0–0.5)

2.0

(1.3–3.2)

1.1

(0.7–1.7)

Hispanic

8.4

(6.6–10.7)

11.9

(10.3–13.8)

10.2

(8.8–11.9)

3.2

(2.3–4.3)

7.5

(6.1–9.2)

5.4

(4.5–6.5)

Grade

9

4.1

(3.0–5.5)

5.8

(4.6–7.4)

5.0

(4.2–6.1)

1.6

(1.1–2.3)

3.8

(2.9–4.9)

2.8

(2.2–3.4)

10

5.5

(4.4–6.8)

7.4

(5.6–9.7)

6.5

(5.4–7.8)

1.7

(1.1–2.7)

4.2

(3.0–5.9)

3.0

(2.3–4.0)

11

6.4

(5.0–8.3)

8.5

(7.0–10.1)

7.5

(6.4–8.9)

1.9

(1.2–2.9)

4.1

(3.1–5.4)

3.0

(2.3–4.0)

12

6.8

(5.4–8.6)

10.1

(8.7–11.7)

8.5

(7.5–9.6)

1.9

(1.2–2.9)

4.2

(3.1–5.5)

3.0

(2.4–3.9)

Total

5.7

(4.9–6.5)

7.9

(7.0–8.9)

6.8

(6.2–7.5)

1.8

(1.5–2.3)

4.1

(3.5–4.9)

3.0

(2.6–3.5)

* Used any form of cocaine (e.g., powder, crack, or freebase) one or more times during their life.

Used any form of cocaine one or more times during the 30 days before the survey.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 52. Percentage of high school students who used cocaine, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Ever used cocaine*

Current cocaine use

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

4.0

(2.6–6.1)

7.9

(4.9–12.4)

5.9

(4.0–8.6)

1.5

(1.0–2.4)

4.2

(2.4–7.2)

2.9

(1.8–4.6)

Alaska

5.0

(3.5–7.1)

4.8

(3.3–6.9)

4.9

(3.8–6.3)

1.7

(0.9–3.2)

2.2

(1.4–3.6)

2.0

(1.4–3.0)

Arizona

10.0

(8.3–11.9)

11.1

(8.7–13.9)

10.5

(8.8–12.5)

3.0

(2.2–4.2)

5.8

(4.0–8.3)

4.5

(3.3–6.0)

Arkansas

3.0

(1.7–5.3)

6.4

(4.2–9.6)

4.8

(3.5–6.6)

0.8

(0.3–1.8)

3.1

(1.7–5.6)

2.1

(1.3–3.2)

Colorado

5.7

(3.8–8.4)

6.8

(4.8–9.5)

6.3

(4.8–8.3)

Connecticut

3.6

(2.4–5.3)

6.3

(4.5–8.7)

5.0

(3.7–6.7)

Delaware

3.6

(2.5–5.2)

6.9

(5.1–9.2)

5.3

(4.1–6.6)

2.0

(1.2–3.3)

3.4

(2.2–5.1)

2.7

(1.9–3.9)

Florida

5.2

(4.4–6.3)

7.3

(6.2–8.6)

6.4

(5.6–7.2)

2.3

(1.8–3.0)

4.4

(3.6–5.3)

3.4

(2.9–4.1)

Georgia

4.7

(2.8–7.7)

8.2

(6.9–9.8)

6.7

(5.3–8.5)

2.3

(1.3–4.0)

3.3

(2.3–4.6)

2.9

(2.0–4.2)

Hawaii

5.6

(4.1–7.7)

7.0

(5.4–9.0)

6.4

(4.9–8.3)

Idaho

5.3

(3.5–7.9)

7.8

(5.2–11.3)

6.6

(4.7–9.1)

Illinois

4.3

(3.1–5.9)

7.1

(5.9–8.6)

5.7

(4.7–7.0)

1.9

(1.1–3.0)

3.2

(2.6–3.9)

2.5

(2.1–3.1)

Indiana

4.9

(3.6–6.6)

6.4

(3.9–10.1)

5.6

(4.1–7.7)

1.7

(0.9–3.1)

2.9

(1.7–4.7)

2.3

(1.7–3.2)

Iowa

3.5

(2.1–5.8)

5.7

(4.0–8.1)

4.6

(3.5–6.1)

1.7

(0.7–4.0)

2.8

(1.7–4.7)

2.3

(1.4–3.6)

Kansas

4.1

(3.0–5.7)

6.4

(4.4–9.2)

5.3

(3.8–7.3)

Kentucky

5.0

(3.6–7.1)

9.3

(6.9–12.5)

7.5

(6.0–9.3)

Louisiana

4.8

(2.3–9.9)

8.6

(6.5–11.5)

7.0

(5.0–9.7)

2.4

(0.9–5.8)

3.9

(2.4–6.3)

3.4

(2.1–5.5)

Maine

Maryland

4.6

(3.0–6.9)

6.8

(4.7–9.8)

5.9

(4.5–7.7)

1.6

(0.9–2.9)

3.3

(2.3–4.8)

2.7

(2.0–3.6)

Massachusetts

2.9

(2.0–4.1)

7.1

(5.8–8.5)

5.0

(4.3–5.9)

Michigan

2.9

(2.0–4.2)

5.4

(4.3–6.8)

4.2

(3.6–4.9)

1.1

(0.6–1.8)

2.6

(1.8–3.6)

1.9

(1.5–2.3)

Mississippi

2.4

(1.6–3.4)

6.2

(4.4–8.5)

4.3

(3.3–5.5)

1.0

(0.6–1.9)

2.8

(1.6–4.8)

1.9

(1.3–3.0)

Montana

4.6

(3.2–6.5)

7.5

(6.2–9.1)

6.1

(5.1–7.4)

1.5

(1.0–2.2)

3.1

(2.3–4.2)

2.4

(1.9–3.0)

Nebraska

3.1

(2.2–4.3)

5.0

(3.7–6.7)

4.2

(3.3–5.3)

0.8

(0.4–1.6)

2.1

(1.3–3.4)

1.6

(1.1–2.3)

New Hampshire

6.5

(4.4–9.5)

10.3

(7.6–13.7)

8.4

(6.3–11.0)

3.0

(1.8–5.0)

4.9

(3.3–7.2)

4.0

(2.8–5.5)

New Jersey

3.7

(2.4–5.7)

5.1

(3.3–7.9)

4.4

(3.3–5.9)

New Mexico

10.7

(9.5–12.0)

12.1

(10.1–14.4)

11.4

(10.0–13.0)

4.7

(3.9–5.6)

5.6

(4.3–7.2)

5.2

(4.3–6.2)

New York

5.1

(3.9–6.7)

7.2

(5.7–9.1)

6.2

(5.4–7.2)

North Carolina

4.2

(3.1–5.7)

9.9

(7.0–13.7)

7.1

(5.4–9.3)

North Dakota

4.9

(3.5–6.8)

7.1

(5.4–9.2)

6.0

(4.8–7.4)

Ohio

5.3

(3.1–8.9)

8.1

(5.4–12.1)

7.0

(4.8–10.0)

Oklahoma

4.6

(2.8–7.4)

5.8

(3.6–9.1)

5.2

(3.7–7.2)

2.2

(1.0–4.8)

2.6

(1.1–6.3)

2.4

(1.3–4.4)

Rhode Island

3.9

(2.8–5.5)

7.7

(6.5–9.0)

5.9

(4.8–7.3)

South Carolina

3.2

(1.8–5.6)

9.2

(6.9–12.3)

6.6

(5.0–8.8)

1.6

(0.8–3.0)

5.3

(3.3–8.4)

3.7

(2.4–5.7)

South Dakota

2.2

(1.0–4.6)

4.3

(2.7–6.8)

3.3

(2.0–5.5)

Tennessee

4.8

(3.9–5.9)

7.4

(5.7–9.5)

6.2

(5.2–7.4)

1.9

(1.3–2.7)

3.4

(2.4–4.8)

2.7

(2.1–3.4)

Texas

7.8

(6.8–9.1)

10.8

(8.8–13.1)

9.4

(8.1–11.0)

2.7

(2.2–3.5)

5.4

(4.1–6.9)

4.1

(3.5–4.9)

Utah

4.1

(2.5–6.5)

6.6

(4.6–9.3)

5.4

(3.9–7.3)

1.7

(0.9–3.2)

4.1

(2.5–6.6)

3.0

(1.9–4.5)

Vermont

2.1

(1.5–3.0)

4.5

(3.6–5.7)

3.4

(2.7–4.3)

Virginia

4.3

(3.1–5.8)

6.6

(4.6–9.3)

5.6

(4.2–7.5)

2.2

(1.3–3.7)

3.2

(1.8–5.6)

2.8

(1.8–4.5)

West Virginia

3.1

(1.9–5.2)

7.0

(5.3–9.2)

5.1

(4.1–6.4)

1.2

(0.6–2.2)

3.8

(2.5–5.8)

2.5

(1.8–3.6)

Wisconsin

3.2

(2.1–4.8)

4.7

(3.6–6.2)

4.0

(3.1–5.1)

0.9

(0.4–2.0)

1.8

(1.2–2.8)

1.4

(1.0–2.0)

Wyoming

7.9

(6.4–9.7)

9.2

(7.2–11.6)

8.6

(7.2–10.2)

2.6

(1.8–3.7)

4.3

(3.2–5.8)

3.5

(2.8–4.4)

Median

4.6

7.1

5.9

1.9

3.4

2.7

Range

2.4–10.7

4.7–12.1

4.0–11.4

0.8–4.7

1.8–5.8

1.4–5.2


TABLE 52. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who used cocaine, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Ever used cocaine*

Current cocaine use

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

1.6

(0.8–2.8)

4.6

(2.8–7.6)

3.1

(2.0–4.6)

1.2

(0.5–3.0)

2.3

(0.9–5.8)

1.7

(0.9–3.3)

Broward County, FL

4.8

(3.4–6.7)

5.8

(4.2–8.0)

5.5

(4.3–6.9)

2.0

(1.2–3.3)

3.3

(2.3–4.7)

2.7

(2.0–3.6)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

5.0

(3.6–7.1)

9.2

(6.4–13.1)

7.5

(5.5–10.0)

Chicago, IL

4.5

(3.3–6.0)

7.3

(5.4–9.8)

5.9

(4.7–7.4)

1.4

(0.8–2.3)

3.1

(2.0–4.6)

2.2

(1.6–3.1)

Dallas, TX

6.4

(4.3–9.5)

9.5

(7.4–12.3)

8.0

(6.5–9.8)

1.8

(1.0–3.2)

3.1

(2.0–4.7)

2.5

(1.7–3.4)

Detroit, MI

2.3

(1.4–3.8)

4.9

(3.5–6.9)

4.1

(3.0–5.4)

0.7

(0.4–1.5)

2.9

(1.8–4.8)

2.0

(1.4–3.0)

District of Columbia

1.8

(1.1–3.2)

7.3

(4.7–11.2)

4.6

(3.0–6.9)

Duval County, FL

4.4

(3.4–5.6)

6.8

(5.4–8.5)

5.7

(4.8–6.8)

2.3

(1.6–3.2)

3.6

(2.7–4.8)

3.0

(2.4–3.9)

Houston, TX

7.0

(5.3–9.0)

9.8

(7.8–12.4)

8.5

(7.1–10.1)

1.9

(1.2–3.0)

4.6

(3.4–6.1)

3.3

(2.6–4.3)

Los Angeles, CA

8.3

(6.4–10.7)

9.5

(6.6–13.5)

9.2

(7.4–11.4)

2.6

(1.7–4.1)

4.9

(2.8–8.4)

4.1

(2.8–6.0)

Memphis, TN

0.8

(0.4–1.6)

2.2

(1.4–3.4)

1.5

(1.0–2.3)

0.7

(0.3–1.4)

0.8

(0.4–1.7)

0.8

(0.5–1.2)

Miami-Dade County, FL

5.5

(4.1–7.3)

6.9

(5.1–9.4)

6.1

(5.0–7.6)

3.3

(2.3–4.6)

4.2

(2.9–6.1)

3.7

(2.8–4.9)

Milwaukee, WI

3.2

(2.1–4.7)

6.9

(5.1–9.2)

5.1

(4.0–6.4)

1.8

(1.1–3.1)

3.1

(1.9–5.0)

2.6

(1.8–3.9)

New York City, NY

3.0

(2.5–3.8)

4.9

(4.1–5.9)

4.1

(3.5–4.8)

Orange County, FL

3.2

(2.1–5.0)

7.1

(4.9–10.2)

5.1

(3.9–6.8)

2.0

(1.2–3.5)

4.1

(2.4–6.7)

3.0

(2.1–4.4)

Palm Beach County, FL

5.5

(4.2–7.2)

7.8

(6.0–10.0)

6.8

(5.7–8.1)

2.9

(1.9–4.3)

5.5

(4.0–7.4)

4.3

(3.4–5.4)

Philadelphia, PA

1.4

(0.7–2.8)

4.8

(3.1–7.3)

3.2

(2.3–4.5)

0.7

(0.3–1.6)

2.8

(1.6–5.0)

1.9

(1.2–2.9)

San Bernardino, CA

6.4

(4.6–8.7)

12.2

(9.5–15.5)

9.3

(7.6–11.3)

2.8

(1.6–4.6)

5.3

(3.6–7.6)

4.0

(2.9–5.4)

San Diego, CA

6.9

(4.6–10.3)

9.8

(7.6–12.5)

8.4

(6.6–10.7)

3.1

(1.9–5.0)

4.6

(3.2–6.7)

3.9

(3.0–5.0)

San Francisco, CA

4.8

(3.4–6.9)

8.1

(6.2–10.5)

7.1

(5.6–8.9)

Seattle, WA

Median

4.6

7.2

5.8

1.9

3.4

2.8

Range

0.8–8.3

2.2–12.2

1.5–9.3

0.7–3.3

0.8–5.5

0.8–4.3

* Used any form of cocaine (e.g., powder, crack, or freebase) one or more times during their life.

Used any form of cocaine one or more times during the 30 days before the survey.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Not available.


TABLE 53. Percentage of high school students who used inhalants* and who used ecstasy, by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Ever used inhalants

Ever used ecstasy

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White

11.6

(10.3–13.1)

9.8

(8.8–11.0)

10.7

(9.7–11.8)

6.7

(5.4–8.3)

8.7

(7.4–10.1)

7.7

(6.7–9.0)

Black

9.1

(7.5–11.1)

9.3

(7.1–12.1)

9.2

(7.8–10.8)

3.3

(2.3–4.8)

8.7

(6.7–11.3)

6.0

(4.7–7.7)

Hispanic

15.7

(13.0–18.8)

13.1

(11.4–14.9)

14.4

(12.7–16.2)

8.4

(6.0–11.7)

12.6

(10.2–15.5)

10.6

(8.3–13.6)

Grade

9

14.2

(12.4–16.4)

11.1

(9.5–13.0)

12.7

(11.2–14.3)

3.7

(2.8–4.7)

6.5

(5.3–8.0)

5.2

(4.3–6.2)

10

12.3

(10.9–13.9)

11.3

(9.5–13.5)

11.8

(10.5–13.3)

5.8

(4.4–7.7)

9.5

(7.6–11.8)

7.7

(6.4–9.4)

11

11.7

(9.6–14.1)

10.4

(8.9–12.3)

11.1

(9.7–12.7)

7.2

(5.5–9.4)

11.0

(9.1–13.2)

9.2

(7.6–11.0)

12

10.1

(7.8–13.0)

8.6

(7.0–10.4)

9.3

(8.0–10.8)

9.9

(7.6–12.8)

12.6

(10.7–14.8)

11.3

(9.7–13.1)

Total

12.3

(11.2–13.4)

10.5

(9.7–11.4)

11.4

(10.7–12.1)

6.5

(5.4–7.8)

9.8

(8.6–11.1)

8.2

(7.2–9.4)

* Sniffed glue, breathed the contents of aerosol spray cans, or inhaled any paints or sprays to get high one or more times during their life.

Used ecstasy (also called "MDMA") one or more times during their life.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 54. Percentage of high school students who used inhalants* and who used ecstasy, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Ever used inhalants

Ever used ecstasy

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

12.4

(8.9–17.0)

10.5

(7.7–14.2)

11.6

(8.6–15.3)

4.9

(3.3–7.2)

7.7

(5.2–11.4)

6.3

(4.6–8.6)

Alaska

8.4

(6.3–11.0)

6.2

(4.4–8.6)

7.3

(5.7–9.2)

4.1

(2.6–6.2)

7.3

(5.5–9.4)

5.7

(4.6–7.2)

Arizona

14.8

(11.2–19.3)

10.3

(8.2–13.0)

12.7

(10.3–15.5)

Arkansas

13.1

(10.4–16.3)

13.2

(10.3–16.8)

13.2

(11.2–15.5)

3.6

(2.2–5.8)

8.8

(6.0–12.6)

6.4

(4.5–8.9)

Colorado

7.9

(6.0–10.4)

8.9

(5.7–13.6)

8.6

(6.7–10.9)

11.9

(9.1–15.3)

11.2

(7.8–15.8)

11.7

(9.2–14.9)

Connecticut

9.1

(7.2–11.5)

8.7

(6.9–10.8)

9.0

(7.4–10.8)

5.1

(3.7–7.0)

7.5

(5.6–9.8)

6.3

(4.9–8.1)

Delaware

11.8

(9.7–14.3)

11.3

(9.2–13.7)

11.6

(9.9–13.5)

6.0

(4.3–8.3)

8.2

(6.4–10.5)

7.2

(5.8–8.9)

Florida

Georgia

13.5

(11.6–15.6)

12.5

(10.1–15.3)

13.2

(11.8–14.8)

6.0

(4.3–8.5)

10.7

(8.7–13.1)

8.5

(6.8–10.6)

Hawaii

9.6

(8.4–11.1)

9.5

(7.7–11.7)

9.7

(8.6–10.9)

9.0

(6.8–11.9)

8.8

(7.3–10.6)

9.0

(7.4–11.0)

Idaho

11.7

(9.3–14.7)

12.5

(10.1–15.4)

12.2

(10.3–14.4)

7.0

(5.0–9.6)

10.2

(6.9–14.9)

8.7

(6.3–11.7)

Illinois

10.1

(8.4–12.2)

9.5

(8.0–11.2)

9.8

(8.5–11.4)

5.3

(4.0–7.2)

7.9

(6.3–10.0)

6.7

(5.4–8.2)

Indiana

10.2

(8.2–12.5)

10.8

(7.6–15.1)

10.6

(8.1–13.6)

5.1

(4.1–6.2)

7.5

(4.7–11.7)

6.3

(4.6–8.5)

Iowa

8.9

(6.9–11.4)

8.4

(6.0–11.8)

8.6

(6.7–11.0)

3.8

(2.5–5.6)

6.3

(4.6–8.6)

5.1

(3.9–6.5)

Kansas

8.7

(6.9–10.9)

10.1

(8.4–12.1)

9.5

(8.1–11.2)

3.9

(2.6–5.7)

8.1

(6.1–10.7)

6.0

(4.6–7.9)

Kentucky

10.3

(8.2–12.9)

12.1

(10.1–14.5)

11.4

(9.8–13.2)

4.1

(2.7–6.1)

8.5

(6.4–11.1)

6.6

(5.3–8.1)

Louisiana

11.4

(8.0–16.1)

14.7

(11.3–18.7)

13.2

(10.7–16.2)

5.0

(3.2–7.8)

10.1

(7.4–13.5)

7.8

(6.0–10.0)

Maine

9.5

(8.5–10.6)

12.0

(10.7–13.5)

11.0

(10.1–11.9)

Maryland

8.2

(6.5–10.3)

9.9

(7.9–12.3)

9.4

(8.0–11.2)

5.5

(3.6–8.2)

7.5

(5.7–9.7)

6.9

(5.4–8.6)

Massachusetts

4.0

(3.2–4.9)

7.4

(6.0–9.1)

5.8

(5.1–6.7)

Michigan

10.1

(8.4–12.0)

9.4

(7.8–11.3)

9.8

(8.5–11.3)

Mississippi

10.0

(8.0–12.4)

11.7

(9.3–14.7)

11.0

(9.5–12.6)

3.2

(2.2–4.5)

7.5

(5.4–10.2)

5.3

(3.9–7.1)

Montana

12.1

(10.6–13.9)

11.0

(9.2–13.1)

11.6

(10.2–13.1)

6.2

(5.0–7.5)

10.1

(8.5–12.0)

8.2

(7.1–9.5)

Nebraska

10.6

(9.0–12.6)

8.8

(7.0–11.1)

9.7

(8.4–11.2)

3.3

(2.5–4.4)

5.6

(4.3–7.4)

4.5

(3.6–5.6)

New Hampshire

12.0

(9.1–15.6)

12.1

(9.6–15.1)

12.0

(9.8–14.6)

6.1

(4.3–8.6)

11.2

(8.5–14.8)

8.7

(6.9–11.0)

New Jersey

11.0

(8.8–13.6)

8.9

(6.8–11.6)

9.9

(8.3–11.8)

5.8

(3.8–8.7)

8.3

(5.7–12.0)

7.1

(5.4–9.4)

New Mexico

11.1

(9.4–13.1)

13.3

(11.1–15.7)

12.2

(10.6–13.9)

New York

10.1

(8.7–11.7)

9.6

(7.5–12.3)

9.9

(8.7–11.2)

5.5

(4.1–7.5)

8.3

(6.6–10.5)

7.0

(6.0–8.2)

North Carolina

9.7

(7.2–12.8)

12.4

(9.9–15.4)

11.2

(9.3–13.4)

North Dakota

11.9

(9.7–14.5)

11.4

(9.2–14.1)

11.6

(9.9–13.6)

Ohio

Oklahoma

9.2

(6.1–13.5)

10.0

(6.6–14.8)

9.6

(7.0–13.1)

5.6

(3.2–9.5)

10.0

(7.4–13.4)

7.9

(6.4–9.7)

Rhode Island

South Carolina

13.9

(11.0–17.4)

14.6

(10.8–19.6)

14.5

(11.9–17.6)

4.9

(3.0–7.8)

10.8

(8.2–14.1)

8.1

(6.0–10.7)

South Dakota

12.9

(9.2–17.8)

10.5

(8.0–13.6)

11.8

(8.8–15.5)

Tennessee

11.9

(9.8–14.3)

11.3

(9.4–13.6)

11.6

(10.1–13.4)

5.7

(4.7–7.1)

8.6

(6.8–10.8)

7.3

(6.1–8.7)

Texas

12.1

(10.5–13.9)

10.7

(9.0–12.7)

11.4

(10.1–12.9)

10.2

(8.4–12.3)

13.4

(11.0–16.3)

11.9

(10.0–14.1)

Utah

9.8

(7.1–13.5)

11.2

(8.5–14.6)

10.8

(8.5–13.8)

6.3

(4.0–9.9)

9.4

(7.0–12.6)

8.2

(6.1–10.8)

Vermont

7.7

(5.4–10.8)

8.4

(7.3–9.8)

8.2

(6.6–10.1)

Virginia

10.6

(8.3–13.5)

9.0

(6.3–12.7)

9.9

(7.7–12.7)

5.4

(3.6–7.9)

7.3

(5.3–9.9)

6.4

(4.8–8.4)

West Virginia

9.3

(7.1–12.2)

10.2

(7.9–13.1)

9.8

(8.0–11.8)

2.8

(1.8–4.3)

6.1

(4.3–8.5)

4.5

(3.4–5.9)

Wisconsin

9.0

(7.1–11.3)

7.7

(6.3–9.4)

8.4

(7.2–9.7)

3.5

(2.4–5.3)

6.5

(5.2–8.1)

5.1

(4.0–6.3)

Wyoming

15.0

(12.9–17.3)

13.9

(11.9–16.3)

14.4

(12.8–16.2)

8.7

(7.1–10.7)

10.1

(8.2–12.4)

9.4

(8.1–10.9)

Median

10.2

10.5

10.9

5.4

8.3

7.0

Range

7.7–15.0

6.2–14.7

7.3–14.5

2.8–11.9

5.6–13.4

4.5–12.2


TABLE 54. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who used inhalants* and who used ecstasy, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Ever used inhalants

Ever used ecstasy

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

3.9

(2.5–6.0)

7.4

(4.3–12.5)

5.6

(3.9–8.0)

2.0

(1.0–4.0)

4.6

(2.6–8.2)

3.3

(2.0–5.4)

Broward County, FL

9.4

(6.8–13.0)

8.4

(5.9–11.8)

9.0

(6.7–11.9)

7.1

(4.9–10.1)

10.6

(7.9–14.1)

9.2

(6.9–12.0)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

12.3

(9.8–15.4)

11.8

(8.5–16.0)

12.3

(10.2–14.7)

6.1

(4.3–8.4)

10.2

(7.2–14.2)

8.5

(6.5–11.2)

Chicago, IL

10.4

(8.2–13.0)

10.9

(8.7–13.6)

10.7

(9.1–12.5)

5.1

(3.7–7.1)

8.7

(6.8–11.0)

6.9

(5.6–8.4)

Dallas, TX

9.1

(6.8–12.2)

7.9

(5.8–10.9)

8.5

(6.7–10.7)

5.1

(3.5–7.4)

10.7

(8.1–14.0)

7.9

(6.5–9.7)

Detroit, MI

7.6

(5.8–9.9)

7.4

(5.4–10.0)

7.9

(6.5–9.5)

District of Columbia

11.4

(9.1–14.3)

12.2

(9.0–16.3)

11.8

(9.7–14.2)

2.9

(1.9–4.5)

6.8

(4.7–9.7)

4.8

(3.6–6.5)

Duval County, FL

11.3

(9.5–13.4)

9.6

(8.0–11.6)

10.7

(9.4–12.1)

5.2

(4.2–6.6)

10.4

(8.5–12.7)

8.0

(6.8–9.4)

Houston, TX

9.3

(7.4–11.6)

9.0

(7.0–11.5)

9.2

(8.0–10.7)

7.8

(6.0–10.0)

11.0

(8.8–13.7)

9.5

(8.1–11.2)

Los Angeles, CA

16.8

(14.3–19.7)

12.4

(9.2–16.6)

14.9

(12.7–17.3)

16.7

(13.5–20.5)

15.5

(11.6–20.4)

16.4

(13.8–19.3)

Memphis, TN

9.1

(7.0–11.7)

4.0

(2.7–6.0)

6.6

(5.2–8.5)

1.6

(0.9–2.7)

3.7

(2.3–5.9)

2.7

(1.8–3.9)

Miami-Dade County, FL

10.6

(7.9–13.9)

9.4

(7.4–11.9)

9.9

(8.1–12.1)

9.0

(7.2–11.3)

10.7

(8.5–13.4)

9.9

(8.2–11.9)

Milwaukee, WI

10.5

(8.4–13.2)

9.5

(7.0–12.7)

10.3

(8.4–12.5)

6.4

(4.6–8.8)

11.3

(8.6–14.7)

9.2

(7.2–11.6)

New York City, NY

11.2

(9.6–13.0)

8.4

(7.4–9.5)

10.0

(8.9–11.1)

3.0

(2.4–3.8)

6.2

(5.2–7.3)

4.7

(4.1–5.4)

Orange County, FL

10.9

(8.2–14.4)

10.0

(7.6–13.0)

10.5

(8.8–12.5)

5.6

(4.0–7.9)

8.7

(6.2–12.2)

7.2

(5.6–9.3)

Palm Beach County, FL

9.5

(7.8–11.5)

9.7

(7.5–12.4)

9.8

(8.5–11.3)

9.7

(7.8–12.0)

11.6

(9.2–14.6)

10.7

(9.0–12.7)

Philadelphia, PA

7.1

(5.5–9.1)

9.6

(7.1–12.8)

8.5

(7.0–10.2)

3.2

(1.9–5.3)

4.3

(2.6–7.1)

4.0

(2.6–6.1)

San Bernardino, CA

20.1

(17.0–23.6)

17.2

(14.2–20.8)

18.7

(16.4–21.2)

15.6

(12.9–18.7)

16.9

(14.1–20.1)

16.2

(13.9–18.7)

San Diego, CA

12.1

(9.4–15.4)

9.8

(8.0–12.0)

11.0

(9.2–13.1)

16.8

(13.0–21.4)

15.4

(12.6–18.7)

16.1

(13.3–19.2)

San Francisco, CA

5.0

(3.6–7.0)

8.6

(6.4–11.5)

7.4

(5.9–9.3)

10.6

(8.5–13.2)

12.6

(10.3–15.2)

12.1

(10.2–14.2)

Seattle, WA

6.4

(5.0–8.2)

9.0

(7.2–11.4)

8.1

(6.8–9.6)

Median

10.4

9.5

9.9

6.1

10.6

8.5

Range

3.9–20.1

4.0–17.2

5.6–18.7

1.6–16.8

3.7–16.9

2.7–16.4

* Sniffed glue, breathed the contents of aerosol spray cans, or inhaled any paints or sprays to get high one or more times during their life.

Used ecstasy (also called "MDMA") one or more times during their life.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Not available.


TABLE 55. Percentage of high school students who used heroin* and who used methamphetamines, by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Ever used heroin

Ever used methamphetamines

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White

1.5

(1.1–2.2)

3.4

(2.7–4.3)

2.5

(2.1–3.0)

3.1

(2.4–4.0)

4.1

(3.3–5.1)

3.7

(3.1–4.3)

Black

1.1

(0.5–2.0)

4.3

(3.0–6.1)

2.7

(1.9–3.7)

1.0

(0.5–1.9)

4.2

(3.0–5.9)

2.6

(1.9–3.6)

Hispanic

2.6

(1.7–3.9)

4.0

(3.0–5.3)

3.3

(2.6–4.3)

3.4

(2.5–4.7)

5.7

(4.4–7.4)

4.6

(3.7–5.8)

Grade

9

1.8

(1.3–2.7)

3.9

(2.9–5.2)

2.9

(2.3–3.7)

2.6

(1.8–3.7)

3.8

(2.9–4.9)

3.2

(2.6–4.1)

10

1.8

(1.2–2.6)

3.8

(2.8–5.2)

2.8

(2.2–3.7)

2.6

(1.7–3.9)

4.7

(3.5–6.4)

3.7

(2.9–4.7)

11

1.6

(0.9–2.7)

4.1

(3.2–5.2)

2.8

(2.2–3.6)

3.1

(2.3–4.2)

4.9

(3.7–6.5)

4.1

(3.3–5.0)

12

1.9

(1.1–3.3)

3.4

(2.4–4.8)

2.7

(2.1–3.5)

3.6

(2.7–4.9)

4.6

(3.7–5.7)

4.1

(3.4–4.9)

Total

1.8

(1.4–2.3)

3.9

(3.3–4.6)

2.9

(2.5–3.3)

3.0

(2.5–3.6)

4.5

(3.9–5.2)

3.8

(3.4–4.3)

* Used heroin (also called "smack," "junk," or "China White") one or more times during their life.

Used methamphetamines (also called "speed," "crystal," "crank," or "ice") one or more times during their life.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 56. Percentage of high school students who used heroin* and who used methamphetamines, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Ever used heroin

Ever used methamphetamines

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

1.4

(0.6–2.9)

4.9

(3.0–8.0)

3.1

(2.0–4.8)

3.7

(2.1–6.3)

6.3

(3.8–10.2)

5.0

(3.2–7.6)

Alaska

1.6

(0.9–3.0)

3.0

(1.9–4.7)

2.4

(1.7–3.4)

2.5

(1.4–4.1)

3.6

(2.4–5.6)

3.1

(2.2–4.4)

Arizona

2.8

(1.7–4.5)

4.9

(3.6–6.6)

4.0

(3.0–5.4)

4.4

(3.1–6.2)

5.9

(4.3–8.0)

5.2

(4.1–6.6)

Arkansas

1.4

(0.6–3.2)

4.3

(3.0–6.2)

2.9

(2.0–4.3)

2.2

(1.1–4.2)

6.0

(3.9–9.3)

4.3

(2.7–6.7)

Colorado

2.0

(1.2–3.4)

5.2

(3.0–9.0)

3.9

(2.5–6.0)

1.9

(1.2–3.1)

4.5

(2.9–7.0)

3.4

(2.3–5.0)

Connecticut

1.7

(0.9–3.3)

4.2

(2.7–6.4)

2.9

(1.9–4.4)

2.1

(1.3–3.3)

4.4

(3.0–6.4)

3.2

(2.3–4.6)

Delaware

1.8

(1.0–3.0)

4.2

(2.9–5.9)

3.1

(2.3–4.1)

2.4

(1.6–3.8)

4.9

(3.3–7.2)

3.7

(2.7–5.2)

Florida

Georgia

2.8

(1.6–4.9)

5.8

(4.2–7.9)

4.7

(3.4–6.3)

4.2

(3.0–6.0)

7.2

(5.6–9.2)

6.0

(4.8–7.6)

Hawaii

2.3

(1.5–3.6)

4.2

(3.1–5.7)

3.4

(2.5–4.4)

Idaho

1.9

(0.9–3.8)

3.5

(2.0–6.0)

2.7

(1.7–4.3)

1.5

(0.8–3.0)

4.8

(3.1–7.2)

3.2

(2.2–4.6)

Illinois

1.6

(1.0–2.5)

2.4

(1.8–3.3)

2.0

(1.6–2.6)

1.7

(1.0–2.9)

3.4

(2.5–4.5)

2.6

(2.0–3.4)

Indiana

1.7

(1.0–2.7)

3.9

(2.0–7.6)

2.8

(1.7–4.5)

3.4

(2.2–5.1)

4.5

(2.3–8.5)

3.9

(2.3–6.5)

Iowa

1.6

(0.8–3.1)

3.1

(1.8–5.5)

2.4

(1.4–3.9)

2.2

(1.1–4.3)

4.0

(2.7–6.1)

3.1

(2.1–4.7)

Kansas

2.9

(2.0–4.3)

3.5

(2.5–5.0)

3.3

(2.5–4.3)

Kentucky

2.1

(1.1–3.9)

7.4

(5.0–10.7)

5.2

(3.8–7.1)

3.2

(2.2–4.8)

7.2

(5.1–10.1)

5.6

(4.3–7.1)

Louisiana

1.9

(0.8–4.6)

6.8

(4.5–10.1)

4.6

(3.2–6.8)

3.7

(2.0–6.8)

7.8

(5.3–11.4)

6.0

(4.1–8.7)

Maine

Maryland

1.9

(1.2–3.2)

5.7

(3.9–8.4)

4.2

(2.9–6.0)

2.4

(1.5–3.9)

5.8

(3.8–8.8)

4.5

(3.1–6.5)

Massachusetts

1.5

(0.8–2.6)

2.4

(1.6–3.6)

2.1

(1.5–2.9)

1.8

(1.1–2.8)

3.4

(2.5–4.7)

2.7

(2.1–3.5)

Michigan

1.0

(0.5–1.8)

3.8

(2.6–5.6)

2.5

(1.8–3.5)

1.5

(1.0–2.2)

4.3

(3.3–5.5)

2.9

(2.3–3.7)

Mississippi

0.9

(0.4–1.8)

3.4

(1.9–6.0)

2.3

(1.4–3.6)

1.8

(1.2–2.8)

4.1

(2.5–6.6)

3.0

(2.0–4.3)

Montana

1.8

(1.3–2.5)

3.3

(2.4–4.5)

2.6

(2.1–3.2)

2.4

(1.8–3.2)

3.8

(2.9–5.1)

3.1

(2.5–3.9)

Nebraska

1.1

(0.7–1.9)

2.6

(1.7–3.8)

1.9

(1.3–2.6)

1.8

(1.2–2.6)

3.5

(2.5–4.8)

2.7

(2.1–3.5)

New Hampshire

2.1

(1.2–3.6)

5.0

(3.3–7.4)

3.6

(2.5–5.1)

2.8

(1.8–4.5)

5.6

(3.9–7.9)

4.2

(3.1–5.7)

New Jersey

1.0

(0.5–2.0)

2.1

(1.1–3.9)

1.6

(1.0–2.5)

1.8

(1.1–3.0)

3.6

(2.2–5.7)

2.7

(1.9–4.0)

New Mexico

4.2

(3.3–5.3)

5.2

(4.2–6.5)

4.7

(4.0–5.6)

4.4

(3.4–5.7)

6.6

(5.4–8.1)

5.5

(4.6–6.7)

New York

2.7

(1.9–3.8)

5.2

(3.7–7.2)

4.0

(3.2–5.1)

3.3

(2.2–4.9)

5.8

(4.1–8.2)

4.6

(3.6–5.9)

North Carolina

2.4

(1.5–3.7)

6.9

(4.5–10.5)

4.8

(3.3–6.8)

North Dakota

Ohio

2.7

(1.1–6.1)

3.6

(2.2–5.7)

3.1

(2.0–4.8)

Oklahoma

1.0

(0.4–2.6)

3.4

(1.6–7.0)

2.2

(1.2–4.0)

2.9

(1.6–5.4)

5.5

(3.8–7.9)

4.2

(3.0–5.9)

Rhode Island

South Carolina

2.4

(1.2–4.9)

5.5

(3.3–9.0)

4.2

(2.6–6.8)

3.6

(2.3–5.6)

7.7

(5.3–11.0)

5.9

(4.3–8.1)

South Dakota

3.4

(2.3–5.2)

3.5

(2.0–5.8)

3.5

(2.6–4.8)

Tennessee

1.0

(0.6–1.7)

2.8

(2.0–4.0)

2.0

(1.5–2.7)

2.7

(2.0–3.7)

4.2

(2.7–6.5)

3.5

(2.7–4.5)

Texas

2.1

(1.6–2.8)

4.3

(3.2–5.8)

3.3

(2.6–4.1)

4.1

(3.0–5.6)

5.8

(4.8–7.1)

5.0

(4.3–5.9)

Utah

1.7

(0.8–3.6)

4.5

(2.8–7.1)

3.5

(2.3–5.4)

2.2

(1.2–4.1)

4.4

(2.7–6.9)

3.6

(2.4–5.3)

Vermont

1.4

(1.1–1.8)

3.6

(2.8–4.8)

2.6

(2.0–3.3)

1.9

(1.4–2.6)

3.9

(3.0–5.2)

3.0

(2.4–3.8)

Virginia

2.1

(0.9–4.9)

4.2

(2.7–6.5)

3.4

(2.1–5.5)

3.6

(1.9–6.6)

3.9

(2.4–6.4)

4.0

(2.6–5.9)

West Virginia

1.6

(0.7–3.2)

4.3

(3.3–5.6)

3.0

(2.2–4.0)

2.3

(1.4–3.8)

5.0

(3.7–6.8)

3.7

(2.9–4.8)

Wisconsin

0.6

(0.3–1.2)

1.8

(1.2–2.9)

1.3

(0.9–1.8)

1.3

(0.7–2.3)

3.5

(2.6–4.6)

2.4

(1.8–3.2)

Wyoming

3.2

(2.5–4.2)

5.7

(4.4–7.4)

4.5

(3.7–5.5)

4.9

(3.7–6.4)

5.4

(4.1–7.1)

5.2

(4.3–6.2)

Median

1.7

4.2

3.0

2.4

4.5

3.6

Range

0.6–4.2

1.8–7.4

1.3–5.2

1.3–4.9

3.4–7.8

2.4–6.0


TABLE 56. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who used heroin* and who used methamphetamines, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Ever used heroin

Ever used methamphetamines

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

1.0

(0.4–2.3)

2.9

(1.5–5.8)

2.0

(1.1–3.5)

0.9

(0.3–2.4)

3.1

(1.5–6.2)

2.0

(1.1–3.7)

Broward County, FL

1.7

(0.9–3.2)

2.4

(1.4–4.2)

2.1

(1.2–3.5)

2.5

(1.2–4.9)

3.7

(2.3–6.0)

3.3

(2.0–5.2)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

2.2

(1.4–3.5)

6.5

(3.9–10.4)

4.8

(3.1–7.4)

3.3

(2.1–5.1)

6.8

(4.2–10.9)

5.6

(3.8–8.0)

Chicago, IL

2.2

(1.3–3.6)

5.1

(3.4–7.7)

3.9

(2.9–5.2)

2.0

(1.1–3.8)

4.4

(3.1–6.0)

3.4

(2.7–4.3)

Dallas, TX

1.5

(0.8–2.8)

3.6

(2.3–5.6)

2.6

(1.8–3.8)

1.7

(0.9–3.2)

4.5

(3.0–6.6)

3.1

(2.1–4.4)

Detroit, MI

1.1

(0.6–2.1)

3.3

(1.9–5.6)

2.4

(1.5–3.6)

1.5

(0.9–2.4)

4.3

(2.8–6.6)

3.3

(2.4–4.6)

District of Columbia

1.2

(0.4–3.9)

6.6

(4.1–10.3)

3.9

(2.4–6.4)

0.7

(0.2–1.9)

5.1

(3.1–8.4)

3.0

(1.8–4.9)

Duval County, FL

4.6

(3.6–5.9)

5.8

(4.5–7.5)

5.4

(4.5–6.5)

Houston, TX

1.9

(1.2–2.9)

5.5

(4.2–7.2)

3.8

(3.0–4.8)

2.9

(1.9–4.5)

5.4

(3.7–7.8)

4.3

(3.3–5.6)

Los Angeles, CA

1.3

(0.7–2.5)

6.7

(3.9–11.4)

4.4

(2.8–7.1)

5.2

(4.1–6.6)

8.0

(5.5–11.4)

6.9

(5.4–8.7)

Memphis, TN

0.3

(0.1–1.2)

1.2

(0.5–2.6)

0.8

(0.4–1.7)

0.6

(0.2–1.7)

2.0

(1.2–3.4)

1.3

(0.8–2.2)

Miami-Dade County, FL

2.0

(1.3–3.1)

4.0

(2.7–5.8)

3.0

(2.1–4.2)

3.7

(2.9–4.9)

4.4

(3.0–6.4)

4.0

(3.1–5.2)

Milwaukee, WI

3.9

(2.7–5.6)

6.1

(4.0–9.4)

5.3

(3.7–7.7)

2.8

(1.8–4.3)

7.5

(5.2–10.8)

5.4

(3.7–7.9)

New York City, NY

1.6

(1.2–2.1)

3.5

(2.8–4.2)

2.7

(2.3–3.2)

1.6

(1.3–2.0)

3.7

(2.9–4.7)

2.8

(2.3–3.4)

Orange County, FL

1.2

(0.6–2.3)

3.9

(2.2–6.9)

2.5

(1.6–4.0)

2.2

(1.3–3.7)

3.7

(2.2–6.1)

2.9

(2.0–4.3)

Palm Beach County, FL

3.2

(2.2–4.5)

5.3

(3.7–7.7)

4.4

(3.4–5.8)

3.6

(2.5–5.3)

5.6

(3.8–8.2)

4.8

(3.7–6.2)

Philadelphia, PA

1.2

(0.6–2.5)

4.0

(2.4–6.6)

2.8

(1.8–4.2)

1.6

(0.8–3.2)

3.7

(2.2–6.2)

2.8

(1.8–4.4)

San Bernardino, CA

1.5

(0.8–2.7)

2.9

(1.8–4.6)

2.2

(1.6–3.1)

4.1

(2.9–5.7)

5.3

(3.7–7.5)

4.6

(3.7–5.9)

San Diego, CA

1.9

(1.1–3.2)

3.5

(2.2–5.5)

2.8

(1.9–3.9)

3.2

(2.1–4.9)

6.4

(4.7–8.8)

4.9

(3.8–6.4)

San Francisco, CA

2.3

(1.3–4.1)

6.5

(4.8–8.7)

5.0

(3.7–6.6)

3.4

(2.2–5.2)

6.0

(4.5–8.0)

5.3

(4.2–6.6)

Seattle, WA

3.8

(2.5–5.8)

6.0

(4.8–7.5)

5.2

(4.0–6.6)

Median

1.6

4.0

2.8

2.8

5.1

4.0

Range

0.3–3.9

1.2–6.7

0.8–5.3

0.6–5.2

2.0–8.0

1.3–6.9

* Used heroin (also called "smack," "junk," or "China White") one or more times during their life.

Used methamphetamines (also called "speed," "crystal," "crank," or "ice") one or more times during their life.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Not available.


TABLE 57. Percentage of high school students who used hallucinogenic drugs* and who took steroids, by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Ever used hallucinogenic drugs

Ever took steroids without a doctor's prescription

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White

6.9

(5.8–8.2)

11.6

(10.2–13.2)

9.3

(8.4–10.3)

2.8

(2.1–3.9)

3.8

(3.1–4.6)

3.3

(2.8–3.9)

Black

0.7

(0.3–1.8)

6.0

(4.2–8.6)

3.3

(2.3–4.7)

1.3

(0.8–2.2)

4.5

(3.2–6.3)

2.9

(2.0–4.1)

Hispanic

5.7

(4.6–7.2)

12.2

(10.1–14.6)

9.1

(7.9–10.5)

4.3

(3.0–6.2)

4.2

(3.3–5.4)

4.3

(3.4–5.5)

Grade

9

3.9

(2.9–5.2)

8.7

(6.9–10.9)

6.3

(5.1–7.8)

3.9

(2.6–5.8)

4.5

(3.5–5.8)

4.2

(3.3–5.4)

10

5.9

(4.6–7.5)

9.3

(7.2–11.9)

7.7

(6.3–9.3)

2.3

(1.7–3.0)

4.0

(3.1–5.2)

3.2

(2.6–3.8)

11

5.2

(3.8–7.2)

13.4

(11.4–15.8)

9.4

(8.2–10.8)

3.3

(2.2–5.0)

4.1

(3.0–5.7)

3.7

(2.9–4.8)

12

8.7

(6.7–11.2)

14.1

(11.4–17.3)

11.5

(9.8–13.5)

1.9

(1.1–3.1)

3.7

(2.9–4.8)

2.8

(2.3–3.5)

Total

5.9

(5.0–6.9)

11.3

(10.1–12.6)

8.7

(7.9–9.5)

2.9

(2.3–3.7)

4.2

(3.7–4.7)

3.6

(3.2–4.1)

* Used hallucinogenic drugs (e.g., LSD, acid, PCP, angel dust, mescaline, or mushrooms) one or more times during their life.

Took steroid pills or shots without a doctor's prescription one or more times during their life.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 58. Percentage of high school students who ever took steroids without a doctor's prescription,* by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

2.1

(1.3–3.5)

6.7

(4.7–9.4)

4.4

(3.2–6.1)

Alaska

§

Arizona

4.9

(4.1–5.8)

5.2

(3.9–6.8)

5.2

(4.3–6.2)

Arkansas

1.3

(0.7–2.4)

5.3

(3.1–8.9)

3.4

(2.1–5.3)

Colorado

1.4

(0.8–2.5)

3.8

(2.1–7.0)

3.0

(1.9–4.7)

Connecticut

Delaware

2.5

(1.4–4.5)

4.9

(3.6–6.7)

3.8

(2.7–5.2)

Florida

2.1

(1.7–2.7)

5.5

(4.5–6.6)

3.9

(3.4–4.6)

Georgia

3.8

(2.3–6.3)

6.4

(4.5–8.9)

5.4

(3.9–7.4)

Hawaii

Idaho

2.1

(1.2–3.6)

3.3

(2.1–5.3)

2.8

(1.9–4.1)

Illinois

1.8

(1.1–3.0)

2.5

(1.8–3.4)

2.2

(1.6–3.1)

Indiana

2.5

(1.7–3.6)

4.2

(2.6–6.9)

3.4

(2.4–4.8)

Iowa

1.5

(0.7–3.2)

3.4

(2.1–5.3)

2.5

(1.6–3.7)

Kansas

1.7

(0.9–3.1)

3.5

(2.1–5.7)

2.7

(1.7–4.1)

Kentucky

2.4

(1.6–3.7)

7.6

(5.6–10.3)

5.3

(4.1–6.9)

Louisiana

3.9

(2.4–6.2)

7.7

(4.7–12.4)

6.1

(4.1–9.0)

Maine

Maryland

2.6

(1.8–3.8)

6.3

(4.4–9.1)

5.0

(4.0–6.2)

Massachusetts

2.0

(1.2–3.2)

3.5

(2.8–4.4)

2.8

(2.3–3.5)

Michigan

1.0

(0.5–1.8)

3.1

(2.2–4.3)

2.1

(1.5–3.0)

Mississippi

1.9

(1.3–2.9)

6.5

(4.7–8.9)

4.2

(3.3–5.4)

Montana

2.1

(1.5–3.1)

3.5

(2.8–4.5)

2.9

(2.3–3.7)

Nebraska

2.0

(1.3–2.9)

3.5

(2.5–4.8)

2.8

(2.1–3.6)

New Hampshire

1.1

(0.7–1.9)

4.4

(2.9–6.7)

2.8

(2.0–4.0)

New Jersey

0.7

(0.3–1.6)

3.8

(2.5–5.9)

2.3

(1.6–3.4)

New Mexico

New York

North Carolina

1.6

(1.0–2.6)

6.7

(4.6–9.7)

4.2

(2.9–6.1)

North Dakota

2.1

(1.3–3.4)

3.7

(2.2–6.1)

2.9

(2.0–4.4)

Ohio

2.2

(0.9–5.1)

5.2

(3.6–7.6)

3.8

(2.5–5.7)

Oklahoma

1.0

(0.5–2.1)

3.0

(2.0–4.6)

2.1

(1.5–2.9)

Rhode Island

South Carolina

4.5

(3.1–6.4)

6.2

(3.9–9.7)

5.6

(3.9–8.1)

South Dakota

1.1

(0.5–2.2)

2.5

(1.5–4.1)

1.8

(1.2–2.8)

Tennessee

2.2

(1.6–2.9)

4.4

(3.2–6.1)

3.4

(2.7–4.3)

Texas

3.6

(3.0–4.3)

5.7

(4.2–7.5)

4.8

(3.9–5.9)

Utah

1.5

(0.8–2.9)

4.2

(2.7–6.4)

3.1

(2.1–4.6)

Vermont

Virginia

2.3

(1.0–5.1)

3.3

(2.1–5.2)

2.9

(1.8–4.7)

West Virginia

1.1

(0.6–2.1)

6.3

(4.2–9.4)

3.8

(2.5–5.7)

Wisconsin

Wyoming

4.0

(3.0–5.3)

6.3

(5.0–8.0)

5.2

(4.3–6.4)

Median

2.1

4.4

3.4

Range

0.7–4.9

2.5–7.7

1.8–6.1


TABLE 58. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who ever took steroids without a doctor's prescription,* by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

1.1

(0.5–2.6)

4.0

(2.2–7.3)

2.6

(1.5–4.4)

Broward County, FL

1.7

(1.0–2.9)

3.6

(2.5–5.2)

2.8

(2.1–3.8)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

Chicago, IL

3.5

(2.2–5.5)

5.0

(3.5–7.1)

4.5

(3.5–5.7)

Dallas, TX

2.0

(1.1–3.8)

2.8

(1.5–5.2)

2.4

(1.5–3.8)

Detroit, MI

1.7

(1.1–2.8)

2.7

(1.6–4.4)

2.5

(1.8–3.5)

District of Columbia

1.2

(0.6–2.5)

6.6

(4.5–9.8)

3.9

(2.6–5.9)

Duval County, FL

3.4

(2.6–4.5)

6.6

(5.1–8.3)

5.2

(4.3–6.3)

Houston, TX

4.7

(3.5–6.4)

5.3

(4.0–7.0)

5.1

(4.2–6.3)

Los Angeles, CA

1.8

(1.1–2.9)

5.2

(3.0–8.7)

3.8

(2.5–5.7)

Memphis, TN

1.3

(0.6–2.8)

2.2

(1.3–3.8)

1.8

(1.2–2.8)

Miami-Dade County, FL

2.8

(1.8–4.5)

4.6

(3.3–6.4)

3.7

(2.7–5.0)

Milwaukee, WI

New York City, NY

Orange County, FL

3.4

(2.4–4.9)

4.8

(2.9–7.7)

4.1

(3.0–5.5)

Palm Beach County, FL

2.7

(1.8–4.1)

6.5

(4.7–8.8)

4.7

(3.7–6.1)

Philadelphia, PA

2.8

(1.9–4.2)

4.2

(2.8–6.3)

3.7

(2.7–5.0)

San Bernardino, CA

3.9

(2.6–6.0)

4.1

(2.7–6.3)

4.0

(2.9–5.5)

San Diego, CA

2.3

(1.3–4.0)

3.3

(2.1–5.2)

2.9

(1.9–4.3)

San Francisco, CA

Seattle, WA

Median

2.5

4.4

3.7

Range

1.1–4.7

2.2–6.6

1.8–5.2

* Took steroid pills or shots without a doctor's prescription one or more times during their life.

95% confidence interval.

§ Not available.


TABLE 59. Percentage of high school students who took prescription drugs* and who injected illegal drugs, by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Ever took prescription drugs without a doctor's prescription

Ever injected any illegal drug

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White

22.2

(19.6–25.0)

23.6

(21.4–26.0)

22.9

(21.1–24.8)

1.4

(1.0–2.0)

2.3

(1.8–2.9)

1.9

(1.6–2.3)

Black

11.9

(9.3–15.2)

17.5

(14.5–21.1)

14.7

(12.3–17.5)

1.4

(0.8–2.3)

3.5

(2.3–5.2)

2.4

(1.7–3.5)

Hispanic

19.0

(15.8–22.5)

19.7

(16.5–23.3)

19.4

(16.4–22.6)

2.2

(1.5–3.2)

3.5

(2.5–4.9)

2.9

(2.2–3.8)

Grade

9

16.2

(13.4–19.5)

16.7

(14.1–19.7)

16.5

(14.2–19.1)

1.5

(1.0–2.1)

2.6

(1.8–3.7)

2.1

(1.5–2.7)

10

18.1

(15.5–21.1)

18.3

(15.9–21.0)

18.2

(16.1–20.6)

1.9

(1.3–2.8)

2.7

(1.8–3.8)

2.3

(1.8–3.0)

11

22.2

(18.9–25.8)

24.5

(21.3–28.0)

23.3

(20.8–26.1)

1.1

(0.6–1.8)

3.6

(2.7–4.7)

2.4

(1.8–3.0)

12

23.2

(20.3–26.4)

27.9

(25.3–30.7)

25.6

(23.4–28.0)

1.7

(1.0–2.8)

2.6

(1.7–4.1)

2.2

(1.5–3.1)

Total

19.8

(17.8–21.9)

21.5

(19.9–23.2)

20.7

(19.2–22.2)

1.6

(1.3–2.0)

2.9

(2.4–3.4)

2.3

(1.9–2.7)

* Took prescription drugs (e.g., Oxycontin, Percocet, Vicodin, codeine, Adderall, Ritalin, or Xanax) without a doctor's prescription one or more times during their life.

Used a needle to inject any illegal drug into their body one or more times during their life.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 60. Percentage of high school students who took prescription drugs* and who injected illegal drugs, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Ever took prescription drugs without a doctor's prescription

Ever injected any illegal drug

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

15.0

(10.8–20.5)

20.8

(16.7–25.6)

17.9

(14.1–22.5)

1.7

(0.7–3.8)

4.7

(3.0–7.3)

3.2

(2.0–4.9)

Alaska

15.1

(12.1–18.7)

16.4

(13.1–20.3)

15.8

(13.5–18.4)

1.5

(0.8–2.8)

2.0

(1.1–3.6)

1.8

(1.2–2.7)

Arizona

Arkansas

18.2

(15.0–21.8)

19.1

(15.1–23.8)

18.7

(15.7–22.1)

1.7

(0.9–3.0)

4.0

(2.5–6.4)

2.9

(2.0–4.3)

Colorado

19.2

(16.3–22.6)

19.7

(16.5–23.3)

19.6

(17.2–22.1)

Connecticut

Delaware

1.8

(1.1–3.2)

3.7

(2.6–5.2)

2.7

(1.9–3.9)

Florida

14.8

(13.2–16.7)

15.1

(13.7–16.6)

15.0

(13.7–16.4)

Georgia

2.1

(1.3–3.2)

3.7

(2.5–5.4)

2.9

(2.2–3.9)

Hawaii

14.5

(11.9–17.6)

14.0

(12.1–16.2)

14.3

(12.6–16.3)

Idaho

19.0

(15.1–23.5)

21.2

(17.9–25.0)

20.1

(17.0–23.7)

1.0

(0.5–2.0)

2.7

(1.7–4.1)

1.8

(1.2–2.8)

Illinois

14.7

(12.1–17.7)

15.1

(12.7–18.0)

14.9

(12.8–17.4)

1.4

(0.9–2.3)

2.7

(2.1–3.5)

2.1

(1.7–2.6)

Indiana

21.5

(18.7–24.5)

21.3

(16.4–27.2)

21.4

(18.3–24.8)

2.0

(1.1–3.5)

2.2

(1.3–3.7)

2.1

(1.3–3.2)

Iowa

16.4

(13.9–19.1)

18.5

(13.9–24.2)

17.4

(14.4–20.8)

1.3

(0.6–2.6)

2.1

(1.1–3.8)

1.7

(1.0–2.9)

Kansas

14.2

(11.2–17.8)

15.8

(13.5–18.4)

15.0

(12.7–17.6)

1.7

(1.1–2.7)

2.4

(1.6–3.5)

2.1

(1.6–2.9)

Kentucky

17.0

(13.9–20.6)

20.6

(17.9–23.5)

19.0

(17.0–21.3)

2.7

(1.6–4.5)

5.6

(4.4–7.2)

4.2

(3.5–5.1)

Louisiana

18.2

(13.9–23.4)

19.4

(15.5–24.1)

19.1

(17.0–21.3)

2.5

(0.9–6.7)

4.8

(2.9–7.8)

3.7

(2.2–6.1)

Maine

12.1

(11.1–13.1)

15.4

(13.9–17.1)

13.9

(12.9–15.0)

2.4

(1.9–3.0)

4.4

(3.8–5.2)

3.6

(3.1–4.1)

Maryland

14.3

(11.3–17.9)

15.5

(13.0–18.3)

15.2

(13.3–17.3)

2.5

(1.8–3.5)

5.0

(3.6–6.9)

4.1

(3.1–5.2)

Massachusetts

0.8

(0.4–1.5)

2.7

(2.0–3.7)

1.8

(1.3–2.6)

Michigan

2.1

(1.3–3.4)

3.0

(2.1–4.1)

2.6

(2.0–3.4)

Mississippi

13.1

(10.8–15.7)

18.1

(15.0–21.8)

15.7

(13.2–18.4)

0.8

(0.5–1.3)

4.1

(2.2–7.6)

2.5

(1.4–4.2)

Montana

17.4

(15.3–19.6)

19.4

(17.4–21.5)

18.4

(16.8–20.2)

1.5

(0.9–2.4)

2.4

(1.7–3.3)

2.0

(1.6–2.6)

Nebraska

11.4

(9.4–13.6)

13.4

(11.1–16.2)

12.4

(10.8–14.3)

1.4

(0.8–2.4)

2.3

(1.5–3.6)

1.9

(1.4–2.7)

New Hampshire

20.3

(16.3–25.0)

21.3

(18.0–25.0)

20.8

(17.6–24.4)

New Jersey

15.5

(11.7–20.2)

14.8

(12.3–17.8)

15.1

(12.4–18.4)

1.6

(0.8–3.2)

2.8

(1.8–4.3)

2.3

(1.5–3.4)

New Mexico

19.8

(17.8–22.0)

20.5

(18.0–23.3)

20.2

(18.3–22.2)

3.1

(2.4–3.9)

4.5

(3.7–5.5)

3.8

(3.3–4.5)

New York

2.1

(1.4–3.1)

4.8

(3.6–6.3)

3.5

(2.8–4.4)

North Carolina

16.5

(13.8–19.7)

24.1

(20.0–28.6)

20.4

(17.3–23.9)

North Dakota

16.3

(13.7–19.2)

15.9

(13.2–19.0)

16.2

(14.2–18.5)

1.8

(1.1–3.1)

2.2

(1.4–3.4)

2.0

(1.4–2.9)

Ohio

4.0

(1.8–8.6)

2.3

(1.2–4.3)

3.2

(1.6–6.2)

Oklahoma

19.6

(15.2–25.0)

19.3

(15.4–23.9)

19.6

(15.9–23.8)

1.2

(0.5–2.9)

2.1

(0.9–4.9)

1.6

(0.8–3.4)

Rhode Island

11.6

(9.6–13.9)

16.3

(13.5–19.4)

14.1

(11.8–16.8)

South Carolina

19.4

(15.7–23.7)

21.7

(18.0–25.9)

20.9

(18.1–23.9)

1.6

(0.7–3.8)

4.7

(2.9–7.6)

3.3

(2.0–5.3)

South Dakota

13.5

(10.8–16.9)

16.0

(10.8–23.0)

14.8

(11.1–19.4)

1.8

(1.0–3.4)

2.4

(1.4–4.2)

2.1

(1.3–3.4)

Tennessee

19.2

(15.6–23.4)

20.4

(17.2–23.9)

19.9

(17.0–23.1)

1.4

(0.8–2.3)

2.7

(1.8–3.9)

2.1

(1.5–3.0)

Texas

21.7

(18.9–24.7)

22.3

(19.4–25.3)

22.1

(19.7–24.7)

2.1

(1.5–2.9)

4.0

(2.8–5.6)

3.1

(2.5–3.9)

Utah

10.5

(8.2–13.3)

13.6

(10.4–17.6)

12.4

(10.1–15.0)

1.5

(0.7–3.3)

3.8

(2.6–5.5)

2.9

(2.0–4.3)

Vermont

Virginia

15.9

(12.8–19.6)

15.2

(11.6–19.8)

15.6

(12.7–19.0)

1.5

(0.7–3.3)

3.2

(2.0–5.1)

2.5

(1.6–3.9)

West Virginia

15.2

(11.9–19.4)

18.6

(15.5–22.2)

16.9

(14.7–19.4)

0.9

(0.5–1.6)

3.4

(2.4–4.8)

2.2

(1.5–3.0)

Wisconsin

17.7

(15.5–20.2)

18.3

(16.1–20.7)

18.1

(16.4–19.9)

Wyoming

18.8

(16.3–21.6)

20.0

(17.1–23.3)

19.5

(17.3–21.9)

3.3

(2.4–4.5)

4.5

(3.4–6.0)

4.0

(3.3–4.9)

Median

16.3

18.5

17.6

1.7

3.2

2.5

Range

10.5–21.7

13.4–24.1

12.4–22.1

0.8–4.0

2.0–5.6

1.6–4.2


TABLE 60. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who took prescription drugs* and who injected illegal drugs, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Ever took prescription drugs without a doctor's prescription

Ever injected any illegal drug

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

0.9

(0.3–2.3)

2.7

(1.4–5.3)

1.8

(1.0–3.2)

Broward County, FL

11.1

(9.1–13.5)

14.1

(11.3–17.3)

12.8

(11.0–14.9)

1.3

(0.6–3.0)

1.3

(0.7–2.3)

1.4

(0.8–2.6)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

16.2

(13.1–19.9)

20.1

(16.4–24.4)

18.3

(15.5–21.5)

Chicago, IL

7.9

(5.6–11.2)

11.7

(9.4–14.5)

9.8

(7.9–12.0)

2.0

(1.4–3.1)

4.6

(3.1–6.6)

3.4

(2.7–4.2)

Dallas, TX

11.9

(8.8–15.8)

17.4

(14.5–20.6)

14.5

(12.4–17.0)

1.0

(0.4–2.1)

1.1

(0.5–2.5)

1.0

(0.6–1.8)

Detroit, MI

17.4

(13.8–21.6)

7.9

(5.5–11.1)

13.0

(10.4–16.0)

District of Columbia

5.8

(3.9–8.5)

8.8

(6.3–12.1)

7.3

(5.6–9.6)

Duval County, FL

3.7

(2.8–5.1)

4.9

(3.7–6.5)

4.5

(3.6–5.4)

Houston, TX

15.1

(12.8–17.8)

15.1

(12.5–18.0)

15.1

(13.3–17.1)

2.5

(1.8–3.5)

4.6

(3.4–6.2)

3.7

(2.9–4.6)

Los Angeles, CA

11.9

(9.8–14.3)

11.7

(8.3–16.1)

12.1

(10.0–14.5)

1.7

(0.9–3.1)

4.7

(2.3–9.2)

3.4

(1.9–6.0)

Memphis, TN

7.2

(5.6–9.2)

9.5

(7.5–12.0)

8.4

(7.0–10.0)

0.6

(0.3–1.2)

1.4

(0.7–2.6)

1.0

(0.6–1.7)

Miami-Dade County, FL

9.8

(8.3–11.5)

11.8

(9.7–14.3)

10.7

(9.3–12.3)

2.8

(1.9–4.2)

4.7

(3.3–6.5)

3.7

(2.8–5.0)

Milwaukee, WI

14.1

(12.3–16.3)

19.1

(16.3–22.4)

16.9

(15.1–18.8)

New York City, NY

1.5

(1.0–2.0)

3.4

(2.5–4.4)

2.5

(1.9–3.2)

Orange County, FL

11.3

(8.9–14.4)

13.6

(10.6–17.1)

12.5

(10.7–14.6)

1.3

(0.6–2.5)

3.4

(1.9–6.0)

2.3

(1.5–3.7)

Palm Beach County, FL

14.3

(12.0–17.0)

13.5

(11.2–16.1)

14.0

(12.3–15.8)

2.5

(1.5–4.1)

4.8

(3.3–7.0)

3.8

(2.8–5.2)

Philadelphia, PA

7.2

(5.4–9.5)

9.5

(7.4–12.2)

8.6

(7.1–10.5)

2.0

(1.1–3.5)

3.4

(2.1–5.3)

2.7

(1.8–4.0)

San Bernardino, CA

15.1

(12.0–18.9)

16.4

(13.4–20.0)

15.8

(13.5–18.4)

1.1

(0.5–2.5)

2.3

(1.2–4.4)

1.7

(1.0–2.8)

San Diego, CA

12.6

(9.3–16.7)

15.2

(12.4–18.5)

13.9

(11.5–16.6)

1.5

(0.9–2.6)

4.1

(2.8–5.8)

2.9

(2.1–3.9)

San Francisco, CA

9.5

(7.5–11.9)

12.0

(9.2–15.5)

11.4

(9.3–13.8)

Seattle, WA

2.5

(1.7–3.8)

4.2

(3.0–5.9)

3.5

(2.7–4.7)

Median

11.6

13.5

12.6

1.7

4.1

2.9

Range

5.8–16.2

8.8–20.1

7.3–18.3

0.6–17.4

1.1–7.9

1.0–13.0

* Took prescription drugs (e.g., Oxycontin, Percocet, Vicodin, codeine, Adderall, Ritalin, or Xanax) without a doctor's prescription one or more times during their life.

Used a needle to inject any illegal drug into their body one or more times during their life.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Not available.


TABLE 61. Percentage of high school students who were offered, sold, or given an illegal drug by someone on school property,* by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White§

18.8

(16.4–21.6)

26.3

(24.0–28.8)

22.7

(20.9–24.7)

Black§

17.0

(13.6–21.1)

28.7

(24.0–33.8)

22.8

(19.4–26.7)

Hispanic

30.5

(26.6–34.6)

35.8

(32.5–39.2)

33.2

(29.9–36.7)

Grade

9

21.3

(18.5–24.4)

25.9

(23.3–28.7)

23.7

(21.3–26.2)

10

24.6

(21.9–27.5)

30.8

(27.2–34.6)

27.8

(25.5–30.3)

11

21.3

(18.2–24.7)

32.5

(28.9–36.4)

27.0

(24.1–30.2)

12

19.3

(16.6–22.4)

28.1

(24.7–31.8)

23.8

(21.6–26.2)

Total

21.7

(19.5–24.2)

29.2

(27.1–31.5)

25.6

(23.6–27.6)

* During the 12 months before the survey.

95% confidence interval.

§ Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 62. Percentage of high school students who were offered, sold, or given an illegal drug by someone on school property,* by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

17.3

(13.6–21.7)

23.2

(20.4–26.4)

20.3

(17.6–23.2)

Alaska

20.2

(17.3–23.5)

26.0

(23.1–29.1)

23.1

(21.3–25.2)

Arizona

30.7

(27.4–34.2)

38.2

(33.9–42.6)

34.6

(31.5–37.8)

Arkansas

25.8

(22.6–29.2)

26.3

(22.6–30.4)

26.1

(23.5–28.9)

Colorado

15.0

(12.3–18.2)

19.0

(15.4–23.3)

17.2

(14.7–20.1)

Connecticut

23.3

(19.8–27.2)

32.3

(28.8–36.0)

27.8

(24.9–30.9)

Delaware

19.9

(16.9–23.2)

26.4

(23.8–29.2)

23.1

(20.8–25.6)

Florida

18.8

(16.8–20.8)

26.9

(24.6–29.3)

22.9

(21.2–24.6)

Georgia

30.8

(27.1–34.7)

33.1

(29.9–36.4)

32.1

(29.4–35.0)

Hawaii

28.1

(25.0–31.3)

35.6

(32.4–38.9)

31.7

(28.9–34.7)

Idaho

20.9

(17.7–24.4)

27.9

(24.0–32.2)

24.4

(21.4–27.8)

Illinois

23.4

(20.4–26.6)

31.2

(27.5–35.1)

27.3

(24.5–30.3)

Indiana

24.8

(21.5–28.4)

31.7

(28.9–34.6)

28.3

(25.6–31.1)

Iowa

8.9

(6.5–12.0)

14.5

(11.9–17.6)

11.9

(9.7–14.6)

Kansas

22.4

(19.6–25.5)

27.1

(23.8–30.6)

24.8

(22.5–27.4)

Kentucky

22.1

(18.5–26.1)

26.6

(23.5–29.9)

24.4

(21.6–27.4)

Louisiana

20.9

(16.6–25.9)

29.6

(25.5–34.1)

25.1

(21.3–29.3)

Maine

18.5

(17.0–20.1)

24.6

(22.8–26.6)

21.7

(20.1–23.4)

Maryland

27.4

(23.2–32.1)

33.1

(28.4–38.1)

30.4

(26.3–34.8)

Massachusetts

22.8

(20.4–25.4)

31.4

(28.1–34.8)

27.1

(25.0–29.3)

Michigan

20.6

(18.3–23.1)

29.9

(27.5–32.4)

25.4

(23.6–27.3)

Mississippi

11.3

(9.1–13.9)

20.6

(17.8–23.6)

15.9

(14.1–17.8)

Montana

21.3

(19.3–23.5)

28.7

(26.5–31.0)

25.2

(23.4–27.0)

Nebraska

19.8

(17.6–22.1)

20.7

(18.2–23.5)

20.3

(18.4–22.3)

New Hampshire

18.5

(14.9–22.7)

27.4

(23.8–31.5)

23.1

(20.4–26.2)

New Jersey

20.1

(16.1–24.8)

34.3

(30.8–37.9)

27.3

(24.5–30.4)

New Mexico

32.0

(29.2–34.9)

36.9

(34.1–39.7)

34.5

(32.0–37.1)

New York

§

North Carolina

24.0

(20.8–27.5)

35.5

(30.7–40.6)

29.8

(26.1–33.8)

North Dakota

20.2

(17.5–23.1)

21.5

(18.8–24.4)

20.8

(18.8–22.9)

Ohio

20.3

(15.9–25.6)

27.7

(23.2–32.8)

24.3

(21.0–28.0)

Oklahoma

14.8

(11.4–19.0)

19.4

(15.3–24.2)

17.2

(14.6–20.2)

Rhode Island

18.0

(15.6–20.6)

26.8

(24.3–29.5)

22.4

(20.4–24.5)

South Carolina

24.9

(19.9–30.8)

33.6

(29.6–37.9)

29.3

(25.6–33.2)

South Dakota

15.3

(11.8–19.6)

16.6

(13.0–21.1)

16.0

(12.6–20.0)

Tennessee

14.8

(12.9–16.8)

18.1

(15.6–21.0)

16.5

(14.8–18.4)

Texas

27.3

(24.8–29.8)

31.4

(27.5–35.6)

29.4

(26.7–32.3)

Utah

17.3

(13.8–21.5)

24.4

(20.8–28.6)

21.4

(18.4–24.8)

Vermont

12.6

(10.2–15.5)

22.2

(18.2–26.7)

17.6

(14.5–21.1)

Virginia

22.9

(18.2–28.5)

25.1

(21.3–29.4)

24.0

(20.6–27.7)

West Virginia

14.1

(11.8–16.7)

20.4

(17.1–24.2)

17.3

(15.2–19.5)

Wisconsin

15.9

(13.7–18.4)

25.5

(21.8–29.7)

20.9

(18.3–23.6)

Wyoming

23.8

(21.5–26.1)

26.3

(23.6–29.3)

25.2

(23.3–27.2)

Median

20.4

26.8

24.3

Range

8.9–32.0

14.5–38.2

11.9–34.6


TABLE 62. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who were offered, sold, or given an illegal drug by someone on school property,* by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

23.9

(20.1–28.1)

29.2

(24.0–35.0)

26.6

(24.0–29.3)

Broward County, FL

19.6

(16.9–22.7)

26.0

(23.1–29.1)

23.1

(21.1–25.1)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

32.0

(28.4–35.8)

44.3

(40.1–48.5)

38.3

(35.5–41.2)

Chicago, IL

29.2

(25.4–33.2)

37.5

(33.8–41.4)

33.0

(30.0–36.1)

Dallas, TX

32.4

(28.1–36.9)

40.3

(35.8–44.9)

36.4

(32.9–40.1)

Detroit, MI

37.8

(33.3–42.6)

35.2

(31.5–39.0)

36.6

(33.6–39.6)

District of Columbia

16.6

(13.5–20.2)

28.6

(24.5–33.1)

22.6

(19.7–25.8)

Duval County, FL

28.7

(26.5–31.0)

37.3

(34.2–40.5)

33.0

(30.9–35.1)

Houston, TX

27.2

(24.4–30.2)

32.6

(28.9–36.6)

29.9

(27.4–32.6)

Los Angeles, CA

41.4

(35.5–47.6)

37.1

(33.3–41.0)

39.3

(35.7–42.9)

Memphis, TN

10.5

(8.7–12.7)

17.9

(15.0–21.2)

14.3

(12.5–16.2)

Miami-Dade County, FL

21.3

(18.7–24.3)

24.9

(21.4–28.7)

23.2

(20.9–25.6)

Milwaukee, WI

24.4

(21.4–27.7)

33.6

(30.0–37.4)

29.2

(26.7–31.7)

New York City, NY

Orange County, FL

17.2

(14.4–20.4)

27.0

(23.7–30.6)

22.0

(19.7–24.5)

Palm Beach County, FL

18.2

(16.0–20.7)

27.4

(24.5–30.5)

22.7

(20.7–24.9)

Philadelphia, PA

22.9

(19.5–26.7)

28.6

(25.0–32.6)

26.0

(23.5–28.6)

San Bernardino, CA

33.4

(30.0–37.0)

38.7

(35.2–42.3)

36.1

(33.6–38.7)

San Diego, CA

26.8

(23.5–30.5)

37.0

(32.7–41.5)

32.0

(28.8–35.4)

San Francisco, CA

24.0

(21.1–27.0)

32.0

(28.7–35.5)

28.3

(25.9–30.8)

Seattle, WA

23.5

(20.6–26.8)

32.3

(29.0–35.8)

28.2

(25.9–30.6)

Median

24.2

32.4

28.7

Range

10.5–41.4

17.9–44.3

14.3–39.3

* During the 12 months before the survey.

95% confidence interval.

§ Not available.


TABLE 63. Percentage of high school students who ever had sexual intercourse and who had sexual intercourse for the first time before age 13 years, by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Ever had sexual intercourse

Had first sexual intercourse before age 13 years

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI*

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White

44.5

(40.8–48.3)

44.0

(40.9–47.2)

44.3

(41.1–47.4)

2.6

(2.0–3.3)

5.2

(4.2–6.4)

3.9

(3.3–4.7)

Black

53.6

(48.7–58.5)

66.9

(63.6–70.0)

60.0

(56.6–63.4)

7.0

(5.2–9.4)

21.2

(18.1–24.6)

13.9

(12.5–15.4)

Hispanic

43.9

(40.8–47.1)

53.0

(50.6–55.4)

48.6

(46.1–51.0)

2.9

(2.2–3.8)

11.1

(9.4–13.0)

7.1

(6.1–8.1)

Grade

9

27.8

(24.0–31.9)

37.8

(34.8–41.0)

32.9

(29.9–36.0)

4.1

(3.1–5.6)

13.3

(11.3–15.6)

8.8

(7.6–10.1)

10

43.0

(38.8–47.2)

44.5

(39.9–49.2)

43.8

(40.0–47.6)

3.9

(2.8–5.4)

8.6

(6.7–10.8)

6.3

(5.3–7.4)

11

51.9

(48.8–55.0)

54.5

(51.1–57.9)

53.2

(50.4–56.1)

3.0

(2.2–4.1)

6.8

(5.4–8.5)

4.9

(4.1–6.0)

12

63.6

(59.3–67.7)

62.6

(58.7–66.4)

63.1

(59.6–66.5)

2.2

(1.6–3.1)

6.2

(4.9–7.7)

4.2

(3.4–5.1)

Total

45.6

(43.0–48.3)

49.2

(46.6–51.8)

47.4

(45.0–49.9)

3.4

(2.9–4.0)

9.0

(7.9–10.2)

6.2

(5.6–6.9)

* 95% confidence interval.

Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 64. Percentage of high school students who ever had sexual intercourse and who had sexual intercourse for the first time before age 13 years, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Ever had sexual intercourse

Had first sexual intercourse before age 13 years

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI*

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

54.4

(49.1–59.7)

60.6

(54.9–65.9)

57.6

(52.6–62.4)

5.8

(3.8–8.9)

13.9

(9.5–19.7)

10.0

(7.4–13.3)

Alaska

37.3

(31.8–43.1)

39.3

(34.4–44.5)

38.3

(33.9–42.8)

2.4

(1.4–4.3)

6.2

(4.4–8.8)

4.4

(3.2–6.0)

Arizona

44.2

(38.7–49.9)

49.7

(44.2–55.2)

46.9

(42.3–51.5)

3.1

(2.1–4.7)

7.9

(5.8–10.7)

5.4

(4.3–6.9)

Arkansas

48.6

(42.9–54.3)

51.9

(46.2–57.5)

50.3

(46.2–54.3)

4.7

(2.8–7.9)

12.1

(8.4–17.3)

8.4

(6.0–11.6)

Colorado

36.1

(29.4–43.3)

44.5

(36.9–52.4)

40.8

(34.5–47.4)

2.0

(1.2–3.1)

5.4

(3.9–7.4)

3.6

(2.8–4.7)

Connecticut

41.8

(36.6–47.1)

43.7

(38.0–49.6)

42.7

(38.0–47.6)

3.3

(2.0–5.3)

6.5

(4.5–9.4)

4.9

(3.6–6.7)

Delaware

57.1

(51.7–62.4)

60.8

(56.0–65.5)

59.0

(54.6–63.3)

4.3

(3.1–6.0)

13.7

(11.2–16.6)

8.8

(7.3–10.7)

Florida

43.9

(41.4–46.5)

52.4

(49.7–55.1)

48.2

(46.0–50.4)

3.2

(2.7–3.9)

11.8

(10.5–13.2)

7.6

(6.8–8.4)

Georgia

Hawaii

37.4

(31.2–44.1)

36.7

(32.3–41.2)

37.0

(32.0–42.3)

3.0

(2.1–4.1)

7.5

(6.0–9.3)

5.2

(4.2–6.3)

Idaho

39.1

(32.4–46.2)

40.8

(34.7–47.2)

40.0

(34.4–46.0)

2.2

(1.3–3.6)

4.9

(3.3–7.2)

3.6

(2.5–5.1)

Illinois

45.3

(40.2–50.5)

44.4

(39.9–49.0)

44.8

(40.6–49.2)

3.4

(2.4–4.8)

9.1

(7.3–11.4)

6.3

(5.1–7.6)

Indiana

50.5

(45.1–55.9)

51.4

(46.6–56.2)

51.0

(46.4–55.5)

3.6

(2.5–5.2)

6.9

(5.1–9.4)

5.2

(4.0–6.8)

Iowa

43.5

(38.9–48.3)

44.3

(35.9–53.0)

43.9

(38.3–49.8)

2.5

(1.8–3.4)

5.6

(3.8–8.2)

4.2

(3.2–5.6)

Kansas

43.0

(35.3–51.1)

43.4

(39.2–47.8)

43.2

(37.7–48.8)

1.9

(1.1–3.2)

5.5

(3.7–7.9)

3.7

(2.6–5.2)

Kentucky

51.9

(45.0–58.7)

51.7

(46.5–56.9)

51.8

(46.6–56.9)

5.5

(3.9–7.6)

8.9

(6.9–11.4)

7.2

(5.8–9.0)

Louisiana

Maine

45.2

(42.7–47.8)

44.6

(42.5–46.8)

45.1

(43.0–47.3)

2.2

(1.8–2.7)

5.6

(4.7–6.7)

4.0

(3.4–4.6)

Maryland

Massachusetts

39.4

(34.2–44.8)

44.7

(39.5–50.0)

42.0

(37.5–46.6)

2.1

(1.4–3.1)

6.2

(4.2–9.0)

4.2

(3.1–5.5)

Michigan

40.4

(34.6–46.5)

42.1

(37.3–47.0)

41.2

(36.4–46.1)

2.9

(1.9–4.5)

5.9

(4.0–8.7)

4.4

(3.1–6.2)

Mississippi

53.3

(48.9–57.5)

62.5

(56.7–68.0)

57.9

(53.9–61.8)

4.8

(3.3–6.9)

19.1

(14.3–25.0)

11.8

(8.9–15.6)

Montana

46.6

(43.2–50.1)

49.1

(45.4–52.9)

47.9

(44.9–50.8)

2.4

(1.8–3.2)

6.3

(5.0–8.0)

4.4

(3.5–5.5)

Nebraska

37.2

(33.6–40.9)

37.2

(33.4–41.2)

37.1

(34.2–40.1)

2.7

(1.9–3.7)

4.8

(3.6–6.4)

3.8

(3.1–4.7)

New Hampshire

45.7

(40.3–51.2)

49.4

(43.8–55.1)

47.5

(42.9–52.1)

2.4

(1.4–4.2)

6.5

(4.5–9.1)

4.5

(3.4–6.0)

New Jersey

41.4

(35.4–47.7)

47.6

(40.6–54.7)

44.6

(38.9–50.4)

2.6

(1.7–3.8)

7.5

(4.9–11.2)

5.1

(3.6–7.2)

New Mexico

5.1

(4.2–6.1)

10.4

(8.4–12.6)

7.7

(6.6–9.1)

New York

39.6

(36.1–43.2)

44.5

(40.5–48.6)

42.0

(39.2–44.9)

4.0

(2.9–5.3)

7.6

(6.1–9.5)

5.7

(4.6–7.1)

North Carolina

47.1

(42.0–52.3)

51.4

(46.8–56.0)

49.3

(44.6–53.9)

5.3

(3.4–8.4)

12.0

(9.3–15.3)

8.6

(6.5–11.4)

North Dakota

46.2

(41.4–51.2)

43.4

(38.2–48.8)

44.8

(40.5–49.2)

3.0

(2.1–4.4)

4.4

(2.9–6.7)

3.7

(2.7–5.1)

Ohio

4.3

(2.5–7.5)

8.0

(5.8–11.1)

6.1

(4.4–8.4)

Oklahoma

50.1

(43.1–57.1)

51.0

(45.5–56.4)

50.5

(45.4–55.6)

2.7

(1.4–5.1)

7.2

(4.8–10.7)

5.0

(3.6–7.0)

Rhode Island

38.2

(34.7–41.8)

45.4

(40.1–50.7)

41.7

(37.6–46.0)

1.7

(1.0–2.9)

8.0

(5.8–10.9)

4.9

(3.5–6.7)

South Carolina

52.0

(45.7–58.3)

61.3

(55.0–67.3)

56.6

(51.0–61.9)

3.9

(2.5–6.1)

17.1

(12.8–22.5)

10.5

(8.1–13.5)

South Dakota

48.9

(41.2–56.6)

46.1

(36.8–55.7)

47.4

(39.7–55.2)

2.5

(1.4–4.3)

5.1

(3.1–8.3)

3.8

(2.5–5.8)

Tennessee

49.4

(44.6–54.1)

55.3

(50.8–59.7)

52.4

(48.3–56.4)

4.0

(2.9–5.4)

10.4

(7.9–13.6)

7.2

(5.8–9.0)

Texas

48.6

(44.6–52.6)

54.8

(49.6–59.9)

51.6

(47.5–55.7)

4.0

(3.3–4.9)

10.1

(7.6–13.3)

7.0

(5.7–8.7)

Utah

Vermont

2.6

(2.3–3.0)

5.7

(4.5–7.1)

4.2

(3.5–5.0)

Virginia

West Virginia

50.1

(43.9–56.4)

51.8

(46.1–57.4)

50.9

(45.5–56.3)

2.3

(1.3–4.2)

7.5

(4.7–11.7)

4.9

(3.1–7.7)

Wisconsin

41.4

(38.1–44.8)

41.7

(35.3–48.3)

41.6

(37.3–45.9)

2.7

(1.8–4.0)

6.0

(3.1–11.3)

4.4

(2.7–7.0)

Wyoming

47.4

(43.7–51.3)

48.5

(44.4–52.5)

47.9

(44.7–51.2)

4.3

(3.3–5.6)

7.6

(6.1–9.6)

6.0

(5.1–7.1)

Median

45.3

47.6

46.9

3.0

7.5

5.0

Range

36.1–57.1

36.7–62.5

37.0–59.0

1.7–5.8

4.4–19.1

3.6–11.8


TABLE 64. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who ever had sexual intercourse and who had sexual intercourse for the first time before age 13 years, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Ever had sexual intercourse

Had first sexual intercourse before age 13 years

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI*

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

45.3

(39.7–51.1)

66.1

(60.3–71.3)

55.5

(50.6–60.3)

4.5

(2.8–7.4)

18.6

(13.6–24.9)

11.4

(8.5–15.3)

Broward County, FL

41.6

(36.7–46.7)

55.5

(50.5–60.4)

48.8

(44.8–52.7)

4.5

(3.1–6.6)

12.0

(9.7–14.8)

8.3

(6.8–10.0)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

46.5

(40.5–52.7)

53.5

(47.2–59.6)

50.0

(44.6–55.3)

5.4

(4.0–7.3)

12.9

(9.7–16.9)

9.1

(7.4–11.3)

Chicago, IL

45.7

(39.5–51.9)

60.3

(54.7–65.7)

52.2

(46.8–57.5)

4.2

(2.8–6.2)

21.5

(17.7–26.0)

11.9

(10.0–14.3)

Dallas, TX

47.4

(41.3–53.6)

58.1

(50.1–65.7)

52.5

(46.4–58.4)

4.1

(2.6–6.3)

13.7

(9.7–19.2)

8.7

(6.5–11.4)

Detroit, MI

57.3

(51.8–62.5)

62.6

(57.6–67.4)

59.8

(56.3–63.2)

3.9

(2.7–5.6)

22.6

(18.6–27.1)

12.5

(10.5–14.9)

District of Columbia

49.3

(44.1–54.5)

61.7

(55.4–67.5)

54.9

(50.0–59.6)

4.6

(2.9–7.1)

24.0

(19.8–28.7)

13.3

(11.1–15.9)

Duval County, FL

46.8

(43.2–50.5)

55.1

(51.2–59.1)

50.9

(47.7–54.0)

4.7

(3.5–6.3)

16.3

(13.9–19.1)

10.4

(8.9–12.0)

Houston, TX

46.3

(42.1–50.6)

58.6

(54.0–63.1)

52.3

(48.5–56.2)

6.7

(4.6–9.6)

14.6

(11.9–17.9)

10.5

(8.8–12.6)

Los Angeles, CA

34.2

(28.2–40.8)

43.2

(35.1–51.6)

38.9

(32.4–45.7)

2.2

(1.3–3.5)

9.0

(6.1–13.2)

5.7

(4.2–7.8)

Memphis, TN

55.9

(51.4–60.3)

69.0

(64.0–73.6)

62.2

(58.4–65.9)

5.5

(4.1–7.4)

26.2

(23.0–29.7)

15.6

(13.6–17.9)

Miami-Dade County, FL

43.0

(38.9–47.1)

52.0

(47.7–56.2)

47.4

(43.9–50.9)

3.0

(2.1–4.3)

12.7

(10.0–15.9)

7.6

(6.1–9.5)

Milwaukee, WI

54.8

(50.2–59.2)

65.9

(60.6–70.9)

60.2

(56.5–63.8)

7.1

(5.3–9.3)

22.1

(17.3–27.6)

14.4

(12.0–17.3)

New York City, NY

32.1

(28.3–36.2)

43.9

(40.6–47.3)

37.8

(34.5–41.2)

3.9

(3.0–4.9)

10.5

(9.1–12.0)

7.0

(6.0–8.1)

Orange County, FL

38.1

(32.3–44.3)

45.4

(40.7–50.2)

41.5

(37.2–46.0)

4.1

(2.8–6.0)

11.2

(9.1–13.7)

7.6

(6.4–8.9)

Palm Beach County, FL

45.7

(41.2–50.3)

50.9

(46.4–55.3)

48.3

(44.4–52.1)

3.8

(2.6–5.5)

12.5

(9.8–15.7)

8.1

(6.5–10.0)

Philadelphia, PA

55.5

(50.2–60.6)

66.9

(60.8–72.4)

61.0

(56.1–65.6)

5.9

(4.1–8.4)

25.0

(21.3–29.3)

15.1

(13.0–17.5)

San Bernardino, CA

42.3

(35.9–49.1)

55.2

(49.9–60.5)

48.6

(43.6–53.6)

1.9

(1.1–3.3)

12.7

(10.0–15.9)

7.2

(5.7–9.1)

San Diego, CA

38.9

(32.8–45.3)

46.0

(39.8–52.2)

42.5

(37.3–47.8)

2.9

(1.8–4.6)

9.3

(7.1–12.2)

6.1

(4.8–7.7)

San Francisco, CA

26.4

(22.5–30.7)

29.0

(24.8–33.6)

27.8

(24.6–31.3)

2.0

(1.2–3.3)

7.5

(5.4–10.4)

4.9

(3.8–6.4)

Seattle, WA

26.7

(22.7–31.1)

32.7

(28.2–37.5)

29.8

(26.2–33.7)

2.4

(1.5–3.9)

7.3

(5.3–10.0)

5.0

(3.8–6.7)

Median

45.7

55.2

50.0

4.1

12.9

8.7

Range

26.4–57.3

29.0–69.0

27.8–62.2

1.9–7.1

7.3–26.2

4.9–15.6

* 95% confidence interval.

Not available.


TABLE 65. Percentage of high school students who had sexual intercourse with four or more persons during their life and who were currently sexually active,* by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Had sexual intercourse with four or more persons during their life

Currently sexually active

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White§

12.8

(11.1–14.7)

13.3

(11.7–15.0)

13.1

(11.7–14.5)

35.0

(31.7–38.4)

30.0

(27.1–33.0)

32.4

(29.7–35.3)

Black§

17.5

(14.3–21.3)

32.6

(29.3–36.0)

24.8

(22.4–27.3)

36.9

(33.1–40.9)

46.0

(42.2–49.8)

41.3

(38.4–44.3)

Hispanic

9.0

(7.7–10.6)

20.3

(18.9–21.8)

14.8

(13.6–16.0)

31.6

(29.0–34.3)

35.3

(33.3–37.3)

33.5

(31.6–35.4)

Grade

9

4.9

(3.6–6.4)

12.4

(10.4–14.6)

8.7

(7.5–10.0)

19.0

(16.1–22.2)

23.6

(20.9–26.4)

21.3

(19.0–23.8)

10

9.4

(7.8–11.3)

15.1

(12.5–18.1)

12.3

(10.6–14.3)

31.4

(28.2–34.8)

29.1

(25.6–32.9)

30.3

(27.5–33.2)

11

15.2

(12.8–17.9)

19.4

(16.7–22.3)

17.3

(15.3–19.6)

38.9

(36.4–41.5)

38.5

(35.3–41.8)

38.7

(36.2–41.4)

12

22.8

(19.6–26.3)

25.5

(22.9–28.2)

24.1

(22.0–26.4)

50.7

(47.0–54.4)

44.4

(40.6–48.3)

47.5

(44.6–50.5)

Total

12.6

(11.4–14.0)

17.8

(16.2–19.4)

15.3

(14.2–16.4)

34.2

(32.1–36.4)

33.3

(31.1–35.6)

33.7

(31.8–35.7)

* Had sexual intercourse with at least one person during the 3 months before the survey.

95% confidence interval.

§ Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 66. Percentage of high school students who had sexual intercourse with four or more persons during their life and who were currently sexually active,* by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Had sexual intercourse with four or more persons during their life

Currently sexually active

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

19.0

(14.9–24.0)

26.3

(20.5–33.0)

22.8

(18.3–28.0)

44.8

(40.2–49.6)

43.1

(37.5–48.9)

44.1

(39.7–48.6)

Alaska

7.5

(5.5–10.2)

11.8

(9.0–15.4)

9.7

(7.9–11.9)

26.2

(21.5–31.5)

24.2

(20.0–29.0)

25.2

(21.7–29.1)

Arizona

11.9

(9.4–15.0)

16.6

(13.8–19.9)

14.2

(12.4–16.3)

31.3

(26.6–36.5)

35.9

(31.9–40.0)

33.5

(29.8–37.5)

Arkansas

16.0

(13.2–19.2)

23.0

(18.0–28.9)

19.5

(16.4–22.9)

39.6

(34.9–44.5)

36.4

(31.0–42.2)

38.1

(34.2–42.2)

Colorado

11.1

(8.2–15.0)

14.8

(11.0–19.8)

13.2

(10.5–16.4)

29.2

(23.6–35.5)

33.5

(27.2–40.5)

31.8

(26.5–37.5)

Connecticut

8.6

(6.5–11.3)

12.6

(9.8–16.0)

10.6

(8.7–12.9)

31.9

(27.4–36.8)

29.2

(24.8–33.9)

30.5

(27.0–34.3)

Delaware

17.0

(14.3–20.2)

26.5

(23.1–30.1)

21.7

(19.2–24.5)

42.9

(38.3–47.5)

42.7

(37.8–47.8)

42.9

(39.2–46.8)

Florida

10.8

(9.5–12.2)

21.4

(19.0–24.0)

16.1

(14.6–17.7)

32.2

(30.2–34.2)

35.8

(33.5–38.3)

34.0

(32.3–35.8)

Georgia

§

Hawaii

7.4

(5.8–9.6)

8.7

(7.0–10.7)

8.0

(6.5–9.8)

25.9

(21.2–31.2)

21.7

(18.7–25.1)

23.9

(20.3–27.9)

Idaho

11.0

(7.8–15.4)

16.5

(12.5–21.3)

13.8

(10.6–17.7)

Illinois

10.4

(7.6–14.1)

14.4

(11.5–17.9)

12.4

(10.1–15.1)

35.2

(30.4–40.3)

30.3

(26.4–34.5)

32.8

(29.2–36.6)

Indiana

15.2

(11.6–19.8)

18.4

(15.2–22.2)

16.8

(14.1–20.0)

39.9

(34.5–45.6)

37.0

(31.6–42.8)

38.5

(34.4–42.8)

Iowa

13.1

(10.0–17.0)

13.1

(8.8–19.0)

13.1

(10.3–16.4)

34.3

(30.6–38.2)

31.7

(25.1–39.1)

33.0

(28.3–38.1)

Kansas

8.5

(6.2–11.6)

10.9

(8.3–14.3)

9.7

(7.6–12.2)

33.6

(26.9–41.1)

32.1

(27.6–36.9)

32.8

(27.7–38.4)

Kentucky

16.3

(12.1–21.5)

17.0

(12.8–22.2)

16.6

(13.2–20.6)

40.9

(34.9–47.3)

34.6

(29.2–40.3)

37.7

(32.7–43.1)

Louisiana

Maine

9.6

(8.6–10.8)

11.2

(10.0–12.5)

10.5

(9.7–11.4)

35.6

(33.3–38.0)

31.3

(29.7–32.9)

33.6

(31.9–35.3)

Maryland

Massachusetts

9.5

(7.3–12.1)

13.3

(9.9–17.6)

11.4

(9.1–14.2)

30.3

(26.1–34.8)

30.7

(27.0–34.5)

30.4

(27.0–34.1)

Michigan

9.0

(7.0–11.5)

12.2

(9.5–15.6)

10.7

(8.6–13.1)

30.9

(26.2–36.1)

27.2

(23.5–31.3)

29.1

(25.8–32.6)

Mississippi

13.7

(11.3–16.5)

30.6

(27.4–34.1)

22.1

(19.8–24.6)

38.6

(34.4–42.9)

45.4

(40.5–50.5)

42.1

(38.5–45.8)

Montana

14.5

(12.2–17.2)

15.5

(13.1–18.3)

15.0

(13.0–17.3)

36.8

(33.6–40.2)

32.6

(29.8–35.5)

34.7

(32.2–37.2)

Nebraska

9.9

(7.7–12.5)

11.3

(9.5–13.5)

10.6

(9.1–12.4)

28.5

(25.4–31.9)

25.7

(22.9–28.8)

27.0

(24.8–29.3)

New Hampshire

11.5

(8.6–15.1)

13.4

(10.5–16.9)

12.4

(10.2–15.1)

36.4

(31.3–41.8)

37.9

(32.7–43.3)

37.1

(32.9–41.6)

New Jersey

9.9

(7.5–13.0)

17.8

(12.2–25.3)

13.9

(10.2–18.7)

30.6

(25.0–36.8)

33.6

(26.5–41.6)

32.2

(26.6–38.3)

New Mexico

11.5

(10.2–12.9)

17.5

(15.0–20.3)

14.5

(12.9–16.3)

31.8

(28.5–35.3)

31.9

(28.9–35.1)

31.9

(29.1–34.8)

New York

11.1

(8.8–13.9)

15.5

(12.7–18.8)

13.3

(11.4–15.3)

31.1

(28.0–34.4)

31.0

(28.1–34.1)

31.0

(29.0–33.2)

North Carolina

14.6

(11.4–18.6)

18.9

(14.9–23.7)

16.8

(13.8–20.3)

36.7

(32.1–41.6)

32.9

(29.9–36.1)

34.9

(31.4–38.6)

North Dakota

14.7

(11.7–18.3)

11.5

(8.4–15.6)

13.2

(10.8–16.0)

Ohio

15.8

(11.0–22.0)

19.0

(15.4–23.3)

17.5

(13.6–22.2)

43.3

(35.8–51.2)

39.8

(32.3–47.9)

41.8

(34.7–49.3)

Oklahoma

14.9

(11.1–19.8)

18.6

(14.2–24.0)

16.8

(13.1–21.3)

39.2

(32.8–46.0)

36.4

(32.1–41.0)

37.8

(33.2–42.5)

Rhode Island

7.2

(5.9–8.9)

13.9

(10.6–18.1)

10.5

(8.3–13.1)

28.4

(25.4–31.7)

31.2

(27.3–35.5)

29.8

(26.4–33.4)

South Carolina

16.7

(12.8–21.6)

25.9

(20.1–32.8)

21.3

(17.7–25.5)

38.9

(33.8–44.3)

44.6

(39.1–50.4)

41.8

(37.2–46.5)

South Dakota

15.4

(11.2–20.7)

14.5

(10.8–19.2)

14.9

(11.3–19.4)

37.6

(30.3–45.6)

33.4

(27.4–40.0)

35.4

(29.6–41.7)

Tennessee

13.9

(11.7–16.5)

20.5

(17.8–23.5)

17.2

(15.3–19.3)

37.4

(33.2–41.7)

36.8

(33.6–40.1)

37.1

(33.9–40.4)

Texas

12.9

(11.4–14.5)

20.7

(16.7–25.3)

16.7

(14.5–19.2)

36.8

(33.3–40.4)

35.6

(30.9–40.6)

36.2

(32.3–40.2)

Utah

Vermont

10.0

(8.7–11.6)

12.1

(10.4–14.0)

11.1

(9.8–12.6)

32.8

(29.4–36.4)

30.7

(27.8–33.8)

31.8

(29.3–34.4)

Virginia

West Virginia

10.2

(7.5–13.7)

14.6

(11.5–18.5)

12.4

(9.8–15.6)

39.4

(34.3–44.8)

35.9

(31.3–40.8)

37.6

(34.0–41.4)

Wisconsin

9.6

(7.9–11.6)

10.1

(6.7–14.9)

9.9

(7.7–12.6)

32.9

(30.0–35.9)

28.8

(25.0–33.0)

30.8

(28.0–33.8)

Wyoming

16.2

(13.7–19.0)

18.4

(15.4–21.8)

17.3

(15.1–19.8)

37.8

(34.2–41.6)

31.6

(27.8–35.6)

34.7

(31.6–37.8)

Median

11.5

15.5

13.8

35.4

33.1

33.8

Range

7.2–19.0

8.7–30.6

8.0–22.8

25.9–44.8

21.7–45.4

23.9–44.1


TABLE 66. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who had sexual intercourse with four or more persons during their life and who were currently sexually active,* by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Had sexual intercourse with four or more persons during their life

Currently sexually active

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

13.1

(10.1–16.9)

31.6

(26.6–37.1)

22.2

(18.9–25.9)

30.4

(25.5–35.9)

41.3

(34.4–48.5)

35.8

(30.9–41.0)

Broward County, FL

10.4

(7.8–13.6)

23.2

(19.8–27.0)

16.8

(14.5–19.3)

29.9

(25.3–34.9)

36.7

(32.7–41.0)

33.6

(30.4–37.1)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

15.1

(11.9–19.1)

24.2

(19.2–30.1)

19.7

(16.3–23.7)

34.4

(29.1–40.1)

34.5

(29.7–39.6)

34.6

(30.3–39.1)

Chicago, IL

10.5

(7.9–13.9)

26.3

(21.8–31.3)

17.5

(14.4–21.2)

33.4

(28.7–38.6)

43.3

(38.5–48.2)

37.8

(33.8–41.9)

Dallas, TX

11.2

(8.1–15.2)

23.4

(19.0–28.5)

17.0

(13.7–20.8)

33.5

(28.7–38.7)

35.4

(29.7–41.5)

34.4

(30.3–38.8)

Detroit, MI

11.8

(9.9–14.1)

30.1

(25.8–34.8)

20.3

(17.9–23.1)

31.8

(27.2–36.8)

38.3

(33.3–43.7)

34.8

(31.3–38.6)

District of Columbia

15.4

(12.6–18.8)

34.5

(28.6–41.0)

23.9

(20.6–27.6)

36.8

(32.5–41.4)

49.3

(43.5–55.1)

42.3

(38.3–46.5)

Duval County, FL

11.8

(9.8–14.2)

26.7

(23.6–30.1)

19.0

(16.9–21.4)

34.9

(31.8–38.1)

38.6

(34.8–42.5)

36.7

(33.9–39.6)

Houston, TX

10.5

(7.9–13.8)

24.4

(20.8–28.5)

17.3

(14.5–20.4)

32.9

(28.7–37.4)

38.0

(34.1–42.2)

35.4

(31.9–39.1)

Los Angeles, CA

5.3

(3.4–8.2)

12.8

(9.1–17.7)

9.2

(6.8–12.3)

24.5

(19.3–30.4)

26.6

(20.0–34.5)

25.7

(20.1–32.1)

Memphis, TN

14.1

(11.2–17.6)

37.1

(32.8–41.5)

25.3

(22.3–28.6)

37.0

(32.2–42.2)

46.0

(41.1–51.0)

41.4

(37.5–45.4)

Miami-Dade County, FL

9.3

(7.4–11.6)

24.0

(20.3–28.1)

16.4

(14.2–18.9)

30.2

(26.3–34.5)

35.6

(32.0–39.5)

32.8

(29.7–36.1)

Milwaukee, WI

16.0

(12.6–20.0)

32.1

(27.6–37.0)

23.6

(20.7–26.9)

39.1

(35.1–43.3)

47.9

(43.2–52.5)

43.2

(39.7–46.8)

New York City, NY

7.1

(5.6–8.9)

18.2

(16.1–20.5)

12.3

(10.7–14.2)

22.5

(19.5–25.9)

27.8

(25.0–30.8)

25.1

(22.6–27.7)

Orange County, FL

11.6

(8.5–15.8)

16.9

(13.4–21.3)

14.2

(11.9–16.8)

28.7

(23.9–34.0)

30.3

(25.9–35.1)

29.3

(25.7–33.2)

Palm Beach County, FL

12.0

(9.8–14.6)

21.5

(18.3–25.0)

16.7

(14.4–19.1)

35.5

(31.4–39.9)

35.3

(31.3–39.5)

35.4

(32.2–38.7)

Philadelphia, PA

16.7

(13.6–20.4)

39.0

(34.0–44.3)

27.2

(23.9–30.8)

41.0

(36.0–46.3)

49.0

(43.5–54.5)

44.9

(40.4–49.6)

San Bernardino, CA

7.8

(5.3–11.1)

20.8

(17.4–24.8)

14.1

(11.9–16.7)

29.1

(23.9–34.9)

37.3

(32.4–42.6)

33.1

(29.0–37.5)

San Diego, CA

8.8

(6.1–12.4)

14.9

(11.9–18.4)

11.9

(9.7–14.5)

26.3

(21.5–31.6)

29.4

(25.5–33.5)

27.8

(24.1–31.9)

San Francisco, CA

4.4

(3.1–6.2)

9.6

(7.4–12.4)

7.0

(5.8–8.4)

19.7

(16.3–23.5)

19.1

(15.6–23.0)

19.5

(16.9–22.3)

Seattle, WA

5.3

(4.0–7.1)

9.1

(7.0–11.8)

7.3

(5.9–9.1)

20.1

(16.6–24.2)

21.6

(18.0–25.8)

21.0

(18.1–24.1)

Median

11.2

24.0

17.0

31.8

36.7

34.6

Range

4.4–16.7

9.1–39.0

7.0–27.2

19.7–41.0

19.1–49.3

19.5–44.9

* Had sexual intercourse with at least one person during the 3 months before the survey.

95% confidence interval.

§ Not available.


TABLE 67. Percentage of high school students who used a condom during last sexual intercourse* and who used birth control pills before last sexual intercourse,*,† by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Condom use

Birth control pill use

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White

53.4

(49.2–57.5)

66.3

(61.2–71.1)

59.5

(55.4–63.5)

30.9

(26.8–35.3)

16.4

(13.6–19.7)

24.0

(21.2–27.1)

Black

53.8

(47.1–60.4)

75.4

(70.0–80.1)

65.3

(60.4–69.9)

11.3

(7.8–16.0)

9.2

(7.2–11.7)

10.1

(8.2–12.5)

Hispanic

53.0

(48.5–57.4)

63.4

(56.8–69.5)

58.4

(54.0–62.7)

10.4

(6.6–15.9)

10.8

(7.7–14.9)

10.6

(8.0–13.8)

Grade

9

56.3

(49.2–63.1)

67.0

(60.0–73.2)

62.2

(57.2–66.8)

8.3

(4.8–13.8)

10.4

(7.3–14.7)

9.4

(6.8–13.0)

10

56.7

(50.0–63.2)

69.9

(64.2–75.1)

63.3

(58.3–67.9)

20.8

(17.2–25.0)

8.7

(6.3–11.9)

14.9

(12.6–17.5)

11

55.5

(51.8–59.0)

67.0

(63.0–70.7)

61.1

(58.3–64.0)

22.7

(18.6–27.4)

12.3

(9.4–16.1)

17.5

(14.6–20.9)

12

48.9

(44.7–53.0)

64.7

(57.9–70.9)

56.3

(52.0–60.5)

30.0

(25.2–35.2)

19.7

(15.7–24.4)

25.1

(21.7–28.9)

Total

53.6

(50.6–56.4)

67.0

(63.5–70.3)

60.2

(57.5–62.9)

22.6

(19.6–25.9)

13.4

(11.5–15.5)

18.0

(15.9–20.2)

* Among the 33.7% of students nationwide who were currently sexually active.

To prevent pregnancy.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 68. Percentage of high school students who used a condom during last sexual intercourse* and who used birth control pills before last sexual intercourse,*,† by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Condom use

Birth control pill use

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

49.3

(42.9–55.6)

64.8

(59.2–70.0)

57.0

(52.8–61.1)

20.9

(16.2–26.4)

14.3

(9.1–21.7)

18.0

(14.7–21.9)

Alaska

55.3

(47.2–63.1)

64.0

(55.4–71.8)

59.6

(53.2–65.6)

21.2

(15.6–28.1)

16.1

(11.0–22.9)

18.7

(15.1–23.0)

Arizona

48.6

(40.9–56.3)

69.2

(62.5–75.1)

59.2

(53.0–65.2)

25.3

(19.9–31.6)

20.2

(14.0–28.3)

22.6

(17.8–28.3)

Arkansas

47.3

(39.8–54.8)

63.8

(54.5–72.2)

55.1

(49.2–60.8)

19.8

(12.5–29.8)

18.2

(12.7–25.4)

19.2

(14.7–24.6)

Colorado

64.4

(52.9–74.4)

75.4

(69.6–80.4)

70.8

(63.5–77.1)

29.0

(22.1–36.9)

17.9

(13.1–24.1)

22.8

(17.8–28.7)

Connecticut

53.3

(46.5–60.0)

68.5

(62.7–73.7)

60.5

(55.5–65.3)

24.8

(19.1–31.6)

19.6

(14.2–26.3)

22.3

(18.4–26.7)

Delaware

54.1

(49.7–58.4)

64.1

(59.3–68.6)

58.7

(55.3–61.9)

21.1

(16.9–25.9)

16.1

(12.7–20.3)

18.5

(15.6–21.8)

Florida

58.2

(54.8–61.5)

69.9

(66.6–73.0)

64.3

(61.8–66.8)

18.6

(15.4–22.3)

10.3

(8.0–13.2)

14.2

(12.2–16.5)

Georgia

Hawaii

38.9

(33.2–44.9)

50.9

(44.3–57.5)

43.9

(39.6–48.3)

14.5

(10.9–19.1)

14.1

(9.5–20.4)

14.3

(11.8–17.2)

Idaho

Illinois

54.5

(48.6–60.3)

69.9

(63.2–75.9)

61.5

(56.3–66.4)

24.9

(18.1–33.2)

15.1

(11.7–19.4)

20.5

(15.7–26.4)

Indiana

55.1

(49.3–60.8)

60.8

(53.2–67.9)

57.8

(52.8–62.5)

28.2

(22.8–34.2)

25.3

(16.5–36.7)

26.8

(20.8–33.8)

Iowa

56.2

(46.7–65.3)

66.7

(59.4–73.3)

61.4

(55.0–67.4)

26.2

(20.5–32.8)

22.4

(15.9–30.6)

24.5

(19.2–30.6)

Kansas

52.8

(46.3–59.2)

69.4

(60.0–77.4)

60.9

(55.2–66.3)

28.5

(19.7–39.4)

15.6

(11.4–21.0)

22.3

(16.4–29.5)

Kentucky

46.4

(41.8–51.1)

55.9

(49.5–62.2)

50.6

(46.6–54.6)

27.1

(22.1–32.9)

13.8

(9.6–19.4)

21.2

(17.7–25.3)

Louisiana

Maine

55.3

(52.2–58.4)

65.5

(61.5–69.4)

59.9

(57.6–62.1)

40.7

(37.6–43.8)

27.6

(24.9–30.4)

34.5

(32.3–36.8)

Maryland

Massachusetts

51.0

(45.9–56.0)

64.5

(57.3–71.1)

57.7

(52.8–62.5)

30.5

(24.0–37.9)

22.5

(17.5–28.3)

26.5

(21.5–32.2)

Michigan

56.6

(51.1–61.9)

66.3

(60.8–71.4)

61.2

(56.8–65.5)

25.0

(20.4–30.3)

16.9

(13.0–21.7)

21.2

(17.8–25.0)

Mississippi

56.7

(50.6–62.6)

72.1

(66.3–77.2)

64.6

(59.7–69.3)

18.2

(14.5–22.7)

11.4

(8.2–15.7)

14.8

(12.1–17.9)

Montana

58.6

(54.9–62.2)

66.5

(62.8–69.9)

62.4

(59.3–65.3)

25.8

(22.0–29.9)

16.5

(13.5–19.9)

21.4

(18.8–24.2)

Nebraska

56.0

(50.4–61.4)

68.6

(63.2–73.6)

62.0

(57.8–66.0)

26.4

(21.6–31.7)

17.0

(12.6–22.5)

21.9

(18.6–25.6)

New Hampshire

56.6

(48.1–64.7)

64.7

(58.7–70.2)

60.8

(56.6–64.9)

40.8

(34.6–47.4)

24.8

(19.4–31.2)

32.4

(27.9–37.3)

New Jersey

55.4

(47.3–63.2)

69.5

(57.1–79.6)

62.6

(54.9–69.6)

19.6

(12.8–28.7)

15.0

(9.7–22.4)

17.4

(11.9–24.7)

New Mexico

51.3

(48.2–54.3)

64.4

(60.6–68.1)

57.8

(55.3–60.2)

15.9

(12.5–20.0)

13.2

(10.7–16.3)

14.5

(12.0–17.5)

New York

58.1

(53.2–62.8)

67.3

(60.9–73.2)

62.6

(58.3–66.6)

21.4

(17.1–26.4)

14.6

(11.4–18.4)

18.1

(15.3–21.2)

North Carolina

49.4

(44.2–54.7)

58.4

(52.5–64.1)

53.7

(49.4–57.9)

North Dakota

Ohio

27.6

(21.3–34.9)

17.8

(12.1–25.4)

22.8

(18.4–27.9)

Oklahoma

53.6

(43.9–62.9)

60.8

(51.4–69.4)

57.1

(49.2–64.7)

26.2

(17.9–36.7)

14.4

(10.6–19.3)

20.5

(15.0–27.5)

Rhode Island

54.5

(49.0–59.9)

63.7

(59.4–67.7)

59.1

(55.0–63.0)

29.4

(23.9–35.5)

22.7

(19.1–26.8)

26.1

(22.5–30.2)

South Carolina

51.3

(44.4–58.1)

63.6

(53.4–72.8)

57.5

(51.2–63.6)

21.4

(17.0–26.6)

13.8

(10.1–18.5)

17.4

(14.4–20.8)

South Dakota

51.8

(47.5–56.1)

70.7

(63.5–77.1)

60.6

(56.7–64.4)

31.5

(26.7–36.7)

14.5

(9.9–20.7)

23.6

(19.5–28.3)

Tennessee

51.2

(45.4–56.9)

66.0

(58.8–72.5)

58.7

(52.8–64.3)

20.6

(16.3–25.6)

14.1

(10.6–18.4)

17.3

(14.1–21.0)

Texas

46.2

(42.7–49.8)

62.0

(57.5–66.4)

53.8

(51.0–56.6)

13.2

(10.1–17.0)

9.3

(7.0–12.2)

11.3

(9.1–13.9)

Utah

Vermont

57.8

(52.0–63.5)

67.7

(62.7–72.2)

62.6

(57.7–67.4)

41.3

(38.9–43.7)

29.6

(25.8–33.8)

35.7

(33.3–38.2)

Virginia

West Virginia

57.7

(48.3–66.6)

62.9

(57.5–68.0)

60.3

(54.2–66.0)

29.1

(23.5–35.4)

21.7

(17.4–26.8)

25.5

(22.9–28.2)

Wisconsin

57.6

(52.6–62.5)

71.4

(63.9–77.8)

64.1

(59.5–68.4)

31.8

(24.7–39.9)

19.0

(14.4–24.7)

25.8

(21.1–31.3)

Wyoming

49.4

(43.9–54.8)

69.4

(64.0–74.4)

58.6

(54.7–62.5)

24.8

(20.0–30.3)

17.7

(13.2–23.3)

21.5

(18.3–25.1)

Median

54.5

66.0

59.9

25.3

16.5

21.4

Range

38.9–64.4

50.9–75.4

43.9–70.8

13.2–41.3

9.3–29.6

11.3–35.7


TABLE 68. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who used a condom during last sexual intercourse* and who used birth control pills before last sexual intercourse,*,† by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Condom use

Birth control pill use

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

53.0

(43.0–62.8)

78.0

(69.9–84.5)

67.0

(58.9–74.3)

20.9

(13.8–30.3)

12.7

(7.9–19.7)

16.4

(12.3–21.4)

Broward County, FL

66.1

(59.0–72.6)

76.3

(69.0–82.3)

71.2

(66.4–75.6)

8.2

(4.8–13.7)

7.8

(4.0–14.9)

7.9

(5.1–11.9)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

52.7

(45.1–60.1)

70.7

(64.9–75.8)

61.3

(56.3–66.0)

16.4

(11.3–23.2)

8.6

(5.8–12.6)

12.9

(10.0–16.5)

Chicago, IL

59.8

(51.5–67.5)

69.2

(63.8–74.1)

64.3

(59.4–69.0)

12.8

(9.0–17.8)

10.9

(7.4–15.8)

11.8

(9.1–15.2)

Dallas, TX

45.6

(36.3–55.3)

66.0

(58.9–72.4)

55.5

(49.7–61.1)

6.1

(3.4–10.6)

5.7

(2.8–11.3)

5.9

(3.7–9.1)

Detroit, MI

54.8

(48.2–61.3)

75.0

(69.6–79.8)

64.8

(60.2–69.1)

10.5

(7.4–14.8)

8.3

(4.6–14.6)

9.4

(6.7–13.1)

District of Columbia

67.7

(59.9–74.6)

81.8

(76.1–86.4)

75.1

(70.4–79.2)

7.6

(4.6–12.5)

5.3

(3.0–9.1)

6.4

(4.3–9.4)

Duval County, FL

53.1

(47.7–58.5)

65.5

(60.5–70.3)

59.2

(55.4–63.0)

14.9

(11.4–19.4)

12.1

(9.1–15.9)

13.6

(11.2–16.5)

Houston, TX

50.4

(42.4–58.5)

67.7

(60.7–74.0)

59.5

(54.7–64.0)

6.9

(4.1–11.2)

9.3

(6.0–14.3)

8.1

(5.9–11.1)

Los Angeles, CA

57.7

(45.8–68.8)

64.0

(52.8–73.9)

61.1

(55.2–66.7)

7.2

(3.7–13.7)

9.5

(5.1–16.9)

8.4

(5.4–12.8)

Memphis, TN

65.2

(58.4–71.4)

78.1

(72.6–82.8)

72.1

(67.8–76.1)

13.3

(8.9–19.3)

4.8

(2.7–8.4)

8.8

(6.3–12.2)

Miami-Dade County, FL

60.8

(53.3–67.8)

75.7

(70.1–80.5)

68.3

(62.7–73.4)

8.3

(4.8–14.0)

4.0

(2.0–7.7)

6.1

(4.0–9.1)

Milwaukee, WI

53.1

(47.8–58.3)

75.6

(70.6–79.9)

65.2

(61.3–68.8)

13.4

(9.6–18.4)

7.9

(5.7–10.8)

10.5

(8.4–13.0)

New York City, NY

59.6

(54.7–64.4)

70.8

(66.3–75.0)

65.4

(61.4–69.2)

10.4

(8.2–13.1)

8.4

(6.7–10.4)

9.3

(7.8–11.2)

Orange County, FL

59.6

(52.0–66.8)

73.0

(66.1–78.9)

66.4

(61.3–71.1)

12.9

(7.9–20.3)

13.9

(9.7–19.3)

13.4

(10.1–17.5)

Palm Beach County, FL

60.1

(54.0–66.0)

66.4

(60.0–72.2)

63.2

(58.5–67.5)

23.6

(19.4–28.4)

19.0

(14.0–25.2)

21.3

(18.1–24.9)

Philadelphia, PA

50.4

(43.7–57.1)

69.0

(61.3–75.8)

59.6

(54.2–64.8)

19.5

(14.9–25.0)

10.3

(7.1–14.7)

14.8

(12.1–18.0)

San Bernardino, CA

42.5

(34.4–51.0)

67.0

(59.3–73.9)

55.9

(49.5–62.2)

9.0

(5.9–13.5)

6.9

(4.4–10.5)

7.8

(5.8–10.4)

San Diego, CA

50.1

(41.6–58.6)

65.9

(57.2–73.7)

58.6

(52.2–64.7)

24.9

(17.2–34.5)

17.1

(10.6–26.2)

20.7

(14.8–28.0)

San Francisco, CA

47.3

(38.8–56.0)

60.4

(51.3–68.9)

52.9

(47.7–58.1)

17.2

(11.4–25.2)

5.6

(2.9–10.6)

11.5

(8.2–16.0)

Seattle, WA

58.3

(48.6–67.5)

57.1

(46.5–67.0)

57.6

(51.1–63.8)

32.9

(24.8–42.1)

23.3

(15.4–33.7)

27.6

(22.3–33.6)

Median

54.8

69.2

63.2

12.9

8.6

10.5

Range

42.5–67.7

57.1–81.8

52.9–75.1

6.1–32.9

4.0–23.3

5.9–27.6

* Among students who were currently sexually active.

To prevent pregnancy.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Not available.


TABLE 69. Percentage of high school students who used Depo-Provera,* Nuva Ring, Implanon,§ or any IUD before last sexual intercourse¶,** and who used birth control pills, Depo-Provera,* Nuva Ring, Implanon,§ or any IUD before last sexual intercourse,¶,** by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Depo-Provera, Nuva Ring, Implanon, or any IUD use

Birth control pill, Depo-Provera, Nuva Ring, Implanon, or any IUD use

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI††

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White§§

6.6

(4.9–8.8)

3.4

(2.3–5.1)

5.1

(3.9–6.6)

37.5

(33.8–41.4)

19.8

(16.5–23.5)

29.1

(26.3–32.0)

Black§§

10.5

(6.8–16.1)

3.0

(1.6–5.8)

6.5

(4.2–9.7)

21.8

(15.4–29.9)

12.2

(9.3–15.9)

16.6

(12.9–21.1)

Hispanic

6.9

(4.7–10.0)

2.5

(1.4–4.2)

4.6

(3.2–6.5)

17.2

(12.5–23.3)

13.3

(9.5–18.1)

15.1

(11.8–19.3)

Grade

9

7.7

(4.8–12.2)

1.1

(0.4–2.9)

4.1

(2.6–6.3)

16.0

(10.7–23.1)

11.6

(8.4–15.7)

13.5

(10.4–17.5)

10

7.4

(5.1–10.5)

3.5

(1.9–6.1)

5.4

(3.8–7.7)

28.2

(23.5–33.4)

12.2

(8.9–16.5)

20.3

(17.1–23.9)

11

7.2

(5.0–10.3)

3.7

(2.4–5.8)

5.5

(4.1–7.2)

29.9

(25.9–34.3)

16.1

(12.8–19.9)

23.0

(19.9–26.3)

12

7.7

(5.3–10.9)

3.8

(2.5–5.8)

5.9

(4.4–7.8)

37.6

(33.1–42.4)

23.5

(19.4–28.2)

31.0

(27.4–34.8)

Total

7.5

(6.0–9.2)

3.2

(2.5–4.2)

5.3

(4.4–6.4)

30.0

(26.9–33.3)

16.6

(14.4–18.9)

23.3

(21.0–25.7)

* Or any injectable birth control.

Or any birth control ring.

§ Or any implant.

Among the 33.7% of students nationwide who were currently sexually active.

** To prevent pregnancy.

†† 95% confidence interval.

§§ Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 70. Percentage of high school students who used Depo-Provera,* Nuva Ring, Implanon,§ or any IUD before last sexual intercourse¶,** and who used birth control pills, Depo-Provera,* Nuva Ring, Implanon,§ or any IUD before last sexual intercourse,¶,** by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Depo-Provera, Nuva Ring, Implanon, or any IUD use

Birth control pill, Depo-Provera, Nuva Ring, Implanon, or any IUD use

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI††

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

11.3

(7.8–16.2)

3.8

(2.1–7.1)

7.7

(5.5–10.7)

32.2

(27.2–37.6)

18.1

(13.1–24.5)

25.8

(23.1–28.7)

Alaska

16.7

(12.2–22.5)

5.8

(2.9–11.6)

11.6

(8.7–15.3)

37.9

(31.1–45.3)

21.9

(15.9–29.4)

30.4

(25.6–35.5)

Arizona

4.8

(2.9–8.0)

5.2

(3.1–8.6)

5.0

(3.5–7.3)

30.2

(25.7–35.0)

25.5

(19.0–33.2)

27.7

(23.1–32.7)

Arkansas

11.2

(7.4–16.8)

5.2

(2.8–9.7)

8.5

(6.3–11.2)

31.0

(23.3–40.0)

23.5

(17.0–31.5)

27.7

(23.4–32.4)

Colorado

9.6

(5.4–16.5)

3.7

(1.9–7.3)

6.3

(3.9–10.0)

38.5

(30.4–47.3)

21.7

(16.9–27.3)

29.1

(24.0–34.8)

Connecticut

5.2

(2.4–10.6)

2.9

(1.5–5.6)

4.1

(2.4–6.9)

30.0

(24.7–35.9)

22.5

(17.6–28.3)

26.4

(22.6–30.6)

Delaware

8.5

(5.9–12.0)

2.1

(1.0–4.7)

5.6

(4.1–7.5)

29.5

(24.4–35.2)

18.3

(14.5–22.7)

24.1

(20.7–27.8)

Florida

3.7

(2.7–4.9)

1.6

(0.9–2.7)

2.6

(2.0–3.3)

22.3

(18.9–26.1)

11.9

(9.7–14.5)

16.7

(14.8–18.9)

Georgia

§§

Hawaii

8.2

(5.4–12.3)

3.9

(2.0–7.6)

6.6

(4.2–10.0)

22.7

(17.5–28.9)

18.0

(12.8–24.6)

20.9

(16.7–25.7)

Idaho

Illinois

6.9

(5.1–9.3)

1.8

(0.9–3.5)

4.6

(3.4–6.2)

31.8

(25.4–38.9)

16.9

(13.0–21.7)

25.1

(20.5–30.3)

Indiana

10.5

(7.2–15.2)

3.8

(2.0–7.0)

7.4

(5.2–10.3)

38.7

(32.7–45.1)

29.0

(19.4–41.1)

34.2

(27.7–41.3)

Iowa

17.5

(10.9–27.0)

6.9

(3.7–12.3)

12.4

(9.0–16.7)

43.7

(33.3–54.6)

29.2

(22.1–37.5)

36.8

(30.1–44.1)

Kansas

11.0

(7.7–15.6)

2.9

(1.5–5.6)

7.1

(5.1–9.8)

39.5

(31.1–48.6)

18.5

(14.4–23.5)

29.3

(23.9–35.4)

Kentucky

7.6

(5.1–11.2)

1.8

(0.9–3.6)

5.0

(3.5–7.3)

34.7

(28.7–41.3)

15.6

(11.0–21.8)

26.2

(22.0–31.1)

Louisiana

Maine

8.9

(7.4–10.6)

6.5

(5.1–8.1)

7.8

(6.7–9.1)

49.6

(46.8–52.3)

34.0

(31.0–37.1)

42.3

(40.4–44.3)

Maryland

Massachusetts

6.9

(4.4–10.7)

2.7

(1.4–5.2)

4.8

(3.4–6.9)

37.4

(31.0–44.3)

25.2

(20.3–30.7)

31.4

(26.5–36.7)

Michigan

7.0

(4.9–9.8)

2.8

(1.2–6.3)

5.0

(3.5–7.0)

32.0

(26.3–38.3)

19.7

(15.2–25.0)

26.2

(22.1–30.8)

Mississippi

9.2

(5.9–14.1)

2.1

(0.8–5.0)

5.4

(3.5–8.2)

27.4

(23.1–32.3)

13.4

(9.2–19.3)

20.2

(16.4–24.5)

Montana

9.9

(7.5–13.1)

3.3

(2.0–5.3)

6.8

(5.2–8.8)

35.7

(31.8–39.8)

19.8

(16.3–23.8)

28.2

(25.5–31.0)

Nebraska

6.1

(4.2–8.7)

2.8

(1.4–5.6)

4.5

(3.2–6.4)

32.4

(26.9–38.5)

19.8

(15.1–25.6)

26.5

(22.7–30.6)

New Hampshire

7.0

(4.2–11.5)

5.1

(2.4–10.2)

6.0

(3.9–9.1)

47.8

(40.6–55.2)

29.9

(24.2–36.2)

38.4

(33.8–43.1)

New Jersey

4.4

(2.0–9.5)

0.1

(0.0–0.5)

2.1

(1.1–4.2)

24.0

(16.2–33.9)

15.1

(9.8–22.4)

19.5

(13.9–26.8)

New Mexico

12.2

(9.8–15.1)

4.7

(3.2–6.7)

8.4

(7.0–10.1)

28.1

(25.2–31.2)

17.9

(14.9–21.4)

23.0

(20.6–25.5)

New York

3.7

(2.1–6.4)

1.2

(0.5–3.1)

2.5

(1.5–3.9)

25.1

(20.4–30.4)

15.7

(12.5–19.6)

20.5

(17.5–23.9)

North Carolina

North Dakota

Ohio

13.7

(8.4–21.6)

3.4

(1.6–7.1)

9.1

(5.9–13.7)

41.3

(32.8–50.3)

21.2

(15.0–29.1)

31.8

(26.0–38.3)

Oklahoma

7.0

(2.8–16.4)

4.5

(2.3–8.9)

5.8

(2.9–11.2)

33.2

(24.0–43.9)

18.9

(14.5–24.3)

26.4

(20.1–33.7)

Rhode Island

4.5

(2.8–7.2)

2.7

(1.1–6.3)

3.6

(2.2–5.8)

33.9

(29.2–38.9)

25.4

(21.6–29.7)

29.7

(26.6–33.0)

South Carolina

7.2

(4.4–11.4)

3.1

(2.0–4.7)

5.0

(3.3–7.5)

28.6

(23.7–34.0)

16.9

(12.6–22.1)

22.4

(18.6–26.7)

South Dakota

10.0

(6.8–14.3)

1.5

(0.6–3.7)

6.1

(4.4–8.3)

41.4

(36.4–46.7)

16.0

(11.4–22.1)

29.7

(25.7–34.1)

Tennessee

9.1

(6.3–13.1)

3.2

(1.7–6.0)

6.2

(4.6–8.2)

29.7

(24.2–35.9)

17.3

(13.9–21.2)

23.5

(19.9–27.5)

Texas

6.5

(4.5–9.1)

2.1

(1.3–3.4)

4.4

(3.4–5.6)

19.6

(16.3–23.4)

11.4

(8.8–14.6)

15.7

(13.4–18.2)

Utah

Vermont

8.2

(6.2–10.6)

3.7

(2.5–5.4)

5.9

(4.5–7.6)

49.4

(47.1–51.7)

33.3

(28.7–38.2)

41.6

(38.9–44.4)

Virginia

West Virginia

7.8

(5.3–11.4)

3.6

(1.6–8.0)

5.8

(4.4–7.6)

36.9

(31.0–43.1)

25.4

(21.3–29.9)

31.3

(28.4–34.3)

Wisconsin

8.1

(5.2–12.5)

7.3

(4.9–10.9)

7.8

(5.7–10.5)

40.0

(33.3–47.0)

26.3

(21.0–32.4)

33.6

(28.8–38.8)

Wyoming

11.3

(8.2–15.4)

6.3

(3.8–10.4)

9.0

(6.9–11.8)

36.1

(31.0–41.6)

24.0

(18.9–30.1)

30.6

(27.1–34.3)

Median

8.2

3.3

5.9

33.2

19.8

27.7

Range

3.7–17.5

0.1–7.3

2.1–12.4

19.6–49.6

11.4–34.0

15.7–42.3


TABLE 70. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who used Depo-Provera,* Nuva Ring, Implanon,§ or any IUD before last sexual intercourse¶,** and who used birth control pills, Depo-Provera,* Nuva Ring, Implanon,§ or any IUD before last sexual intercourse,¶,** by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Depo-Provera, Nuva Ring, Implanon, or any IUD use

Birth control pill, Depo-Provera, Nuva Ring, Implanon, or any IUD use

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI††

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

15.1

(8.6–25.2)

2.3

(0.8–6.1)

7.7

(4.5–12.8)

36.0

(27.1–46.0)

14.9

(9.7–22.2)

24.0

(18.9–30.1)

Broward County, FL

1.9

(0.6–5.8)

1.5

(0.4–5.7)

2.2

(1.0–4.7)

10.1

(5.8–17.2)

9.3

(5.1–16.4)

10.1

(6.4–15.5)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

8.1

(4.7–13.6)

2.0

(0.8–4.9)

5.1

(3.4–7.6)

24.5

(17.5–33.2)

10.7

(7.5–14.9)

18.0

(14.2–22.5)

Chicago, IL

10.4

(6.7–15.8)

3.2

(1.5–6.9)

6.8

(4.7–9.6)

23.2

(18.0–29.3)

14.1

(10.0–19.5)

18.6

(15.5–22.2)

Dallas, TX

8.7

(5.4–13.8)

1.1

(0.3–3.4)

5.1

(3.2–8.0)

14.8

(10.0–21.3)

6.8

(3.7–12.2)

10.9

(7.9–14.9)

Detroit, MI

10.0

(6.7–14.7)

1.3

(0.5–3.6)

5.7

(3.9–8.3)

20.6

(15.7–26.4)

9.7

(5.8–15.6)

15.1

(11.6–19.5)

District of Columbia

11.1

(7.9–15.5)

3.4

(1.6–7.4)

7.1

(4.9–10.2)

18.8

(14.4–24.1)

8.7

(5.5–13.5)

13.5

(10.3–17.5)

Duval County, FL

10.1

(7.2–13.9)

2.2

(1.2–4.3)

6.1

(4.5–8.3)

25.0

(20.7–29.9)

14.3

(11.0–18.5)

19.7

(16.8–23.1)

Houston, TX

6.2

(3.3–11.6)

2.0

(0.8–4.7)

4.0

(2.4–6.7)

13.1

(9.0–18.8)

11.3

(7.6–16.6)

12.2

(9.4–15.6)

Los Angeles, CA

3.8

(1.7–8.4)

1.3

(0.5–3.4)

2.5

(1.3–4.7)

11.1

(6.2–19.1)

10.8

(6.0–18.8)

10.9

(7.2–16.2)

Memphis, TN

5.8

(3.4–9.6)

0.2

(0.0–1.5)

2.8

(1.7–4.5)

19.0

(13.6–26.0)

5.0

(2.8–8.6)

11.6

(8.7–15.2)

Miami-Dade County, FL

1.0

(0.3–3.1)

1.0

(0.3–4.1)

1.0

(0.4–2.9)

9.4

(5.7–15.0)

5.0

(2.7–9.0)

7.1

(4.9–10.3)

Milwaukee, WI

15.7

(11.5–21.1)

4.8

(2.8–8.2)

9.9

(7.3–13.4)

29.1

(23.2–35.9)

12.7

(9.5–16.8)

20.4

(16.7–24.7)

New York City, NY

5.5

(3.9–7.8)

1.7

(1.0–2.8)

3.5

(2.6–4.8)

15.9

(13.3–18.9)

10.1

(8.1–12.4)

12.9

(11.1–14.9)

Orange County, FL

4.7

(2.3–9.4)

1.6

(0.5–5.2)

3.1

(1.6–6.2)

17.6

(11.0–26.9)

15.5

(11.2–21.0)

16.5

(12.5–21.5)

Palm Beach County, FL

2.5

(1.2–5.0)

1.2

(0.4–4.0)

1.9

(1.0–3.4)

26.1

(21.4–31.3)

20.2

(15.0–26.7)

23.2

(19.8–26.9)

Philadelphia, PA

11.5

(8.0–16.3)

1.5

(0.6–4.2)

6.5

(4.5–9.2)

31.0

(25.3–37.3)

11.8

(8.0–17.1)

21.2

(17.5–25.5)

San Bernardino, CA

4.2

(2.2–8.2)

3.1

(1.6–6.0)

3.6

(2.3–5.7)

13.2

(9.8–17.6)

10.0

(6.8–14.5)

11.4

(8.9–14.5)

San Diego, CA

3.9

(1.6–9.2)

2.7

(1.1–6.3)

3.2

(1.6–6.6)

28.8

(21.2–37.8)

19.7

(12.8–29.1)

23.9

(17.9–31.2)

San Francisco, CA

20.5

(15.1–27.2)

8.4

(4.1–16.5)

14.9

(11.2–19.6)

37.7

(30.4–45.6)

14.1

(8.7–22.0)

26.5

(22.1–31.4)

Seattle, WA

10.2

(5.8–17.4)

7.4

(4.2–13.0)

8.7

(5.7–13.1)

43.1

(33.9–52.7)

30.7

(21.3–42.2)

36.3

(29.9–43.2)

Median

8.1

2.0

5.1

20.6

11.3

16.5

Range

1.0–20.5

0.2–8.4

1.0–14.9

9.4–43.1

5.0–30.7

7.1–36.3

* Or any injectable birth control.

Or any birth control ring.

§ Or any implant.

Among students who were currently sexually active.

** To prevent pregnancy.

†† 95% confidence interval.

§§ Not available.


TABLE 71. Percentage of high school students who used both a condom during last sexual intercourse* and birth control pills, Depo-Provera, Nuva Ring,§ Implanon, or any IUD before last sexual intercourse*,** and who did not use any method to prevent pregnancy during last sexual intercourse,* by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Condom use and birth control pill, Depo-Provera, Nuva Ring, Implanon, or any IUD use

Did not use any method to prevent pregnancy

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI††

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White§§

15.9

(13.4–18.9)

7.8

(5.8–10.4)

12.1

(10.1–14.5)

11.7

(9.8–13.8)

8.3

(6.4–10.6)

10.0

(8.5–11.8)

Black§§

9.1

(6.3–12.9)

5.8

(3.8–8.8)

7.3

(5.5–9.5)

17.5

(14.4–21.1)

9.9

(7.4–12.9)

13.3

(11.2–15.8)

Hispanic

6.1

(4.0–9.1)

4.5

(2.9–7.0)

5.3

(4.0–6.9)

22.6

(18.0–28.0)

14.7

(11.1–19.2)

18.5

(15.9–21.3)

Grade

9

6.9

(3.6–12.9)

4.4

(2.7–7.3)

5.6

(3.7–8.3)

22.3

(17.3–28.3)

13.1

(9.1–18.7)

17.3

(13.7–21.6)

10

14.4

(10.6–19.1)

5.6

(3.3–9.3)

10.0

(7.8–12.9)

15.9

(12.3–20.2)

10.7

(7.1–15.8)

13.3

(10.6–16.6)

11

12.6

(10.1–15.5)

7.0

(4.4–10.9)

9.8

(7.7–12.3)

12.7

(9.5–16.7)

11.4

(9.6–13.5)

12.0

(10.3–14.0)

12

13.4

(10.5–16.9)

8.3

(6.0–11.4)

11.0

(8.9–13.5)

13.3

(10.5–16.7)

8.1

(6.1–10.7)

10.9

(8.9–13.2)

Total

12.4

(10.6–14.5)

6.6

(5.4–7.9)

9.5

(8.2–10.9)

15.1

(13.6–16.8)

10.6

(9.0–12.3)

12.9

(11.6–14.2)

* Among the 33.7% of students nationwide who were currently sexually active.

Or any injectable birth control.

§ Or any birth control ring.

Or any implant.

** To prevent pregnancy.

†† 95% confidence interval.

§§ Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 72. Percentage of high school students who used both a condom during last sexual intercourse* and birth control pills, Depo-Provera, Nuva Ring,§ Implanon, or any IUD before last sexual intercourse*,** and who did not use any method to prevent pregnancy during last sexual intercourse,* by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Condom use and birth control pill, Depo-Provera, Nuva Ring, Implanon, or any IUD use

Did not use any method to prevent pregnancy

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI††

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

13.1

(9.2–18.3)

8.3

(4.9–13.8)

11.2

(8.8–14.0)

16.5

(13.5–19.9)

11.6

(6.5–19.9)

14.1

(11.3–17.3)

Alaska

13.0

(8.5–19.3)

5.6

(3.0–10.2)

9.5

(6.6–13.4)

13.0

(8.2–20.0)

9.2

(4.8–16.9)

11.2

(7.5–16.3)

Arizona

10.6

(7.4–15.1)

13.3

(7.8–21.8)

12.0

(7.7–18.1)

17.8

(12.2–25.3)

11.4

(8.0–15.9)

14.7

(10.9–19.4)

Arkansas

12.0

(8.1–17.3)

8.6

(5.8–12.7)

10.6

(8.5–13.1)

18.7

(14.2–24.2)

10.6

(7.7–14.4)

14.9

(12.0–18.3)

Colorado

21.3

(15.3–28.8)

11.3

(7.1–17.7)

15.8

(12.7–19.5)

8.4

(3.7–17.9)

6.1

(3.2–11.5)

7.0

(3.5–13.5)

Connecticut

8.5

(5.3–13.3)

7.7

(4.6–12.9)

8.1

(5.8–11.3)

14.4

(8.5–23.2)

9.6

(6.4–14.1)

12.1

(8.2–17.6)

Delaware

11.8

(8.8–15.5)

7.0

(5.0–9.7)

9.4

(7.6–11.7)

18.0

(14.5–22.2)

13.3

(10.0–17.6)

16.1

(13.7–18.7)

Florida

8.5

(6.5–11.0)

4.0

(2.9–5.5)

6.1

(5.0–7.5)

14.6

(12.0–17.7)

9.8

(7.9–12.2)

12.1

(10.4–14.0)

Georgia

§§

Hawaii

4.8

(2.4–9.3)

6.5

(3.3–12.5)

5.5

(3.5–8.6)

19.3

(15.5–23.8)

20.4

(15.9–25.7)

19.8

(16.9–22.9)

Idaho

Illinois

12.5

(8.4–18.3)

7.4

(4.9–10.8)

10.2

(7.5–13.7)

16.6

(13.2–20.5)

11.5

(8.1–16.0)

14.3

(11.9–17.0)

Indiana

20.7

(15.4–27.2)

14.1

(8.7–22.0)

17.5

(12.9–23.5)

12.8

(8.9–18.1)

13.3

(8.7–19.9)

13.0

(9.6–17.5)

Iowa

13.9

(10.2–18.8)

12.7

(9.1–17.4)

13.5

(10.5–17.2)

6.1

(3.6–10.1)

7.4

(4.2–12.8)

6.7

(4.3–10.4)

Kansas

14.6

(9.8–21.2)

6.9

(4.1–11.1)

10.9

(8.1–14.5)

15.1

(10.9–20.7)

11.9

(8.3–16.7)

13.6

(10.7–17.0)

Kentucky

13.8

(10.0–18.7)

4.1

(1.7–9.7)

9.5

(6.9–13.1)

17.7

(13.7–22.6)

14.4

(10.3–19.6)

16.2

(13.4–19.4)

Louisiana

Maine

19.6

(17.6–21.7)

15.5

(12.9–18.4)

17.5

(16.1–19.0)

7.8

(6.4–9.5)

7.5

(6.1–9.3)

7.8

(6.8–9.0)

Maryland

Massachusetts

11.2

(7.8–15.8)

8.8

(6.6–11.8)

10.0

(7.8–12.9)

12.5

(9.4–16.3)

10.4

(7.2–14.9)

11.5

(8.8–14.8)

Michigan

10.3

(7.2–14.3)

8.3

(6.1–11.1)

9.3

(7.1–12.1)

13.6

(10.0–18.2)

14.5

(11.1–18.6)

14.0

(10.9–17.8)

Mississippi

9.9

(7.3–13.3)

6.5

(3.9–10.6)

8.0

(6.3–10.1)

12.9

(9.8–16.8)

9.3

(5.9–14.4)

10.9

(9.0–13.2)

Montana

14.2

(11.5–17.5)

7.5

(5.4–10.2)

11.0

(9.3–13.0)

9.1

(6.5–12.5)

7.8

(5.7–10.6)

8.5

(6.5–10.9)

Nebraska

16.6

(12.2–22.3)

10.4

(7.6–14.1)

13.7

(10.9–17.0)

17.7

(13.6–22.9)

9.7

(6.6–14.3)

14.0

(11.2–17.2)

New Hampshire

21.0

(15.8–27.4)

11.9

(8.3–16.7)

16.2

(12.5–20.7)

8.2

(4.8–13.5)

11.5

(7.2–18.0)

9.9

(7.0–14.0)

New Jersey

6.8

(2.9–15.1)

4.8

(2.1–10.5)

5.7

(2.9–10.9)

15.0

(9.1–23.8)

15.5

(10.3–22.5)

15.2

(10.4–21.8)

New Mexico

9.8

(7.8–12.2)

7.4

(5.4–10.1)

8.6

(7.2–10.2)

18.1

(15.1–21.5)

11.7

(9.1–14.9)

15.0

(12.9–17.4)

New York

8.9

(5.9–13.3)

5.4

(3.6–8.1)

7.2

(5.3–9.7)

14.1

(11.4–17.3)

10.8

(7.5–15.3)

12.6

(10.3–15.3)

North Carolina

North Dakota

Ohio

11.3

(7.8–16.2)

9.2

(4.9–16.4)

10.2

(7.7–13.5)

Oklahoma

13.0

(6.7–23.7)

8.4

(4.8–14.2)

10.8

(6.7–17.0)

10.2

(6.2–16.4)

10.6

(6.6–16.8)

10.4

(8.0–13.4)

Rhode Island

13.7

(9.6–19.1)

10.1

(7.0–14.5)

11.9

(8.6–16.2)

12.5

(7.2–20.7)

10.9

(9.1–13.0)

11.6

(8.6–15.6)

South Carolina

8.9

(6.0–12.9)

4.3

(2.2–8.3)

6.5

(4.5–9.1)

15.7

(11.8–20.5)

18.3

(10.7–29.5)

17.0

(12.6–22.6)

South Dakota

16.8

(13.9–20.1)

9.7

(6.2–14.8)

13.5

(10.7–17.0)

11.1

(6.8–17.6)

8.5

(5.9–12.3)

9.9

(8.0–12.3)

Tennessee

10.6

(7.9–14.1)

8.1

(6.0–10.9)

9.3

(7.4–11.7)

15.2

(11.7–19.4)

11.5

(7.5–17.1)

13.3

(10.2–17.1)

Texas

6.4

(4.4–9.3)

6.3

(4.2–9.2)

6.4

(4.7–8.6)

24.5

(21.4–27.8)

15.2

(11.8–19.4)

20.0

(17.6–22.7)

Utah

Vermont

19.0

(16.8–21.5)

13.5

(10.9–16.8)

16.5

(14.4–18.8)

6.0

(4.6–7.9)

6.4

(5.2–7.9)

6.3

(5.0–7.9)

Virginia

West Virginia

13.5

(8.8–20.2)

7.2

(4.0–12.6)

10.5

(7.6–14.2)

8.9

(5.0–15.6)

6.0

(3.6–9.9)

7.5

(4.8–11.7)

Wisconsin

15.5

(11.9–19.9)

10.2

(7.3–14.2)

13.0

(10.5–16.0)

6.8

(4.8–9.7)

7.9

(5.2–11.9)

7.4

(5.4–9.9)

Wyoming

11.0

(8.1–14.7)

11.1

(7.9–15.2)

11.0

(8.8–13.7)

14.2

(11.3–17.7)

9.8

(6.8–14.0)

12.2

(9.9–14.9)

Median

12.8

8.2

10.5

14.1

10.6

12.2

Range

4.8–21.3

4.0–15.5

5.5–17.5

6.0–24.5

6.0–20.4

6.3–20.0


TABLE 72. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who used both a condom during last sexual intercourse* and birth control pills, Depo-Provera, Nuva Ring,§ Implanon, or any IUD before last sexual intercourse*,** and who did not use any method to prevent pregnancy during last sexual intercourse,* by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Condom use and birth control pill, Depo-Provera, Nuva Ring, Implanon, or any IUD use

Did not use any method to prevent pregnancy

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI††

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

10.7

(6.2–17.7)

7.3

(3.8–13.4)

8.7

(5.4–13.7)

19.2

(12.0–29.3)

9.8

(5.4–17.2)

13.8

(9.1–20.3)

Broward County, FL

3.8

(1.8–7.8)

3.9

(1.9–7.7)

3.8

(2.4–6.0)

14.3

(10.1–19.8)

7.0

(4.4–11.0)

10.3

(7.7–13.6)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

7.0

(4.2–11.6)

3.9

(2.3–6.7)

5.5

(3.6–8.4)

18.7

(13.2–25.8)

9.8

(6.8–13.8)

14.5

(11.3–18.4)

Chicago, IL

11.2

(7.2–17.0)

7.5

(4.3–12.8)

9.3

(6.7–12.9)

19.2

(14.2–25.5)

15.2

(9.9–22.5)

17.3

(13.1–22.5)

Dallas, TX

2.7

(1.1–6.4)

1.8

(0.6–4.9)

2.2

(1.1–4.5)

32.5

(24.9–41.2)

16.9

(12.1–23.1)

25.0

(20.4–30.3)

Detroit, MI

6.7

(4.4–10.1)

5.0

(2.1–11.2)

5.8

(3.8–8.9)

20.7

(16.8–25.3)

18.1

(13.6–23.7)

19.4

(16.2–23.1)

District of Columbia

8.9

(5.5–13.9)

5.6

(3.0–10.5)

7.2

(4.7–10.8)

15.6

(10.9–21.8)

11.3

(7.7–16.3)

13.4

(10.0–17.6)

Duval County, FL

8.8

(6.5–11.9)

6.5

(4.5–9.4)

7.7

(6.1–9.6)

16.4

(12.9–20.7)

14.0

(10.7–18.1)

15.2

(12.7–18.1)

Houston, TX

2.8

(1.3–6.0)

8.5

(5.2–13.5)

5.7

(3.8–8.5)

27.8

(21.6–35.0)

20.6

(15.4–26.9)

24.0

(20.4–28.1)

Los Angeles, CA

3.2

(1.6–6.4)

3.6

(1.0–12.4)

3.4

(1.5–7.6)

24.5

(15.3–36.7)

18.0

(11.3–27.2)

20.8

(16.7–25.8)

Memphis, TN

9.8

(5.9–15.9)

2.2

(1.0–5.0)

5.9

(4.0–8.7)

16.4

(12.6–21.0)

9.2

(5.9–14.0)

12.5

(9.8–15.8)

Miami-Dade County, FL

3.6

(1.9–7.0)

3.5

(1.6–7.6)

3.5

(2.0–6.2)

19.6

(15.3–24.8)

12.5

(8.6–18.0)

15.9

(12.9–19.4)

Milwaukee, WI

11.3

(7.8–16.0)

5.0

(2.9–8.2)

7.9

(5.8–10.7)

18.1

(13.9–23.3)

13.1

(9.2–18.3)

15.4

(12.6–18.8)

New York City, NY

6.2

(4.3–8.9)

3.5

(2.6–4.8)

4.8

(3.6–6.4)

14.1

(11.9–16.6)

14.0

(11.1–17.5)

14.2

(12.4–16.1)

Orange County, FL

7.9

(4.1–14.8)

8.4

(5.4–12.8)

8.2

(5.6–11.8)

14.7

(9.8–21.4)

7.7

(4.6–12.6)

11.1

(8.1–15.1)

Palm Beach County, FL

10.8

(7.9–14.4)

9.0

(5.8–13.8)

9.9

(7.8–12.6)

12.4

(9.1–16.8)

9.6

(6.2–14.6)

11.2

(8.7–14.2)

Philadelphia, PA

11.8

(8.2–16.8)

5.9

(3.0–11.5)

8.9

(6.1–12.7)

21.8

(16.9–27.8)

20.1

(15.2–26.1)

21.2

(17.3–25.7)

San Bernardino, CA

2.4

(1.0–5.8)

3.8

(1.8–7.8)

3.2

(1.7–5.6)

26.3

(19.4–34.7)

13.3

(8.8–19.6)

19.3

(14.7–24.9)

San Diego, CA

8.6

(4.8–15.2)

5.2

(2.9–9.2)

6.8

(4.5–10.1)

17.8

(12.2–25.2)

12.9

(8.3–19.5)

15.2

(11.0–20.5)

San Francisco, CA

8.2

(4.2–15.3)

2.8

(1.0–7.5)

5.6

(3.2–9.6)

17.0

(10.3–26.8)

16.9

(10.8–25.5)

17.2

(12.5–23.3)

Seattle, WA

18.4

(12.3–26.6)

7.5

(3.6–14.9)

12.6

(9.0–17.2)

14.0

(7.4–24.9)

11.2

(6.6–18.3)

12.8

(8.6–18.7)

Median

8.2

5.0

5.9

18.1

13.1

15.2

Range

2.4–18.4

1.8–9.0

2.2–12.6

12.4–32.5

7.0–20.6

10.3–25.0

* Among students who were currently sexually active.

Or any injectable birth control.

§ Or any birth control ring.

Or any implant.

** To prevent pregnancy.

†† 95% confidence interval.

§§ Not available.


TABLE 73. Percentage of high school students who drank alcohol or used drugs before last sexual intercourse* and who were ever taught in school about acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Drank alcohol or used drugs before last sexual intercourse

Were taught in school about AIDS or HIV infection

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White§

18.7

(16.3–21.3)

28.4

(24.9–32.2)

23.4

(21.0–26.0)

85.3

(82.0–88.0)

86.6

(84.3–88.7)

86.0

(83.5–88.1)

Black§

17.0

(13.3–21.6)

19.0

(15.3–23.3)

18.1

(15.3–21.2)

87.9

(85.9–89.6)

86.2

(83.6–88.5)

87.1

(85.7–88.3)

Hispanic

17.4

(14.9–20.1)

25.6

(20.6–31.3)

21.8

(18.7–25.2)

76.9

(73.3–80.1)

78.1

(74.3–81.4)

77.5

(74.1–80.6)

Grade

9

19.2

(15.0–24.1)

23.9

(18.0–31.0)

21.8

(17.9–26.4)

80.8

(77.6–83.7)

81.5

(77.9–84.7)

81.1

(78.1–83.9)

10

16.8

(12.9–21.5)

23.8

(20.4–27.6)

20.3

(17.7–23.0)

84.8

(81.5–87.6)

83.9

(80.8–86.6)

84.3

(81.7–86.6)

11

18.4

(14.9–22.5)

23.3

(19.2–27.9)

21.0

(18.2–24.0)

84.2

(81.0–87.0)

86.5

(84.4–88.3)

85.4

(83.1–87.4)

12

17.9

(14.9–21.3)

31.2

(27.5–35.1)

24.2

(21.5–27.2)

85.1

(81.6–88.1)

86.9

(84.1–89.3)

86.1

(83.4–88.4)

Total

18.1

(16.4–19.9)

26.0

(23.8–28.3)

22.1

(20.6–23.6)

83.6

(81.6–85.5)

84.4

(82.7–86.1)

84.0

(82.3–85.6)

* Among the 33.7% of students nationwide who were currently sexually active.

95% confidence interval.

§ Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 74. Percentage of high school students who drank alcohol or used drugs before last sexual intercourse* and who were ever taught in school about acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Drank alcohol or used drugs before last sexual intercourse

Were taught in school about AIDS or HIV infection

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

13.5

(9.2–19.3)

24.2

(19.3–29.9)

18.6

(15.2–22.6)

87.6

(83.2–91.0)

84.3

(75.7–90.3)

86.0

(80.9–89.9)

Alaska

16.0

(10.2–24.3)

21.0

(15.0–28.5)

18.4

(13.3–24.9)

81.0

(76.7–84.6)

83.4

(80.1–86.3)

82.2

(79.4–84.7)

Arizona

18.8

(15.2–23.0)

25.8

(22.4–29.6)

22.4

(20.0–25.0)

§

Arkansas

15.7

(10.2–23.3)

23.3

(17.5–30.3)

19.1

(14.9–24.2)

85.5

(80.6–89.2)

79.6

(74.9–83.5)

82.5

(78.8–85.7)

Colorado

25.9

(17.7–36.3)

25.1

(19.5–31.6)

25.8

(21.2–31.0)

82.6

(77.3–87.0)

77.8

(71.5–83.0)

80.2

(75.4–84.3)

Connecticut

18.2

(13.7–23.7)

19.4

(14.8–24.8)

18.8

(15.5–22.5)

92.0

(89.1–94.2)

90.8

(87.7–93.2)

91.4

(89.0–93.2)

Delaware

15.9

(12.6–19.9)

24.7

(20.1–29.9)

20.0

(17.0–23.5)

87.1

(84.5–89.3)

84.4

(80.6–87.6)

85.7

(83.4–87.7)

Florida

19.6

(17.0–22.6)

27.0

(24.0–30.3)

23.5

(21.4–25.9)

85.3

(83.3–87.1)

83.7

(81.7–85.6)

84.5

(82.7–86.1)

Georgia

89.0

(85.6–91.7)

86.8

(83.6–89.4)

87.6

(85.0–89.8)

Hawaii

20.1

(16.2–24.5)

22.0

(16.6–28.6)

20.9

(17.6–24.6)

83.7

(81.2–86.0)

83.4

(80.7–85.9)

83.6

(81.4–85.5)

Idaho

80.9

(76.4–84.8)

82.7

(76.8–87.3)

81.9

(77.2–85.8)

Illinois

14.4

(10.8–18.9)

26.0

(22.8–29.4)

19.6

(17.0–22.6)

87.4

(83.5–90.4)

84.9

(81.8–87.5)

86.1

(83.0–88.6)

Indiana

19.8

(14.3–26.7)

20.1

(16.0–25.0)

19.9

(15.8–24.8)

90.3

(87.6–92.4)

89.0

(87.1–90.7)

89.6

(87.9–91.1)

Iowa

14.8

(9.6–22.2)

21.3

(16.3–27.5)

18.0

(13.8–23.0)

84.9

(79.8–89.0)

83.0

(77.7–87.2)

84.0

(79.5–87.6)

Kansas

16.9

(13.3–21.2)

23.2

(17.0–30.9)

20.0

(16.5–23.9)

85.5

(82.3–88.2)

80.4

(75.3–84.7)

82.7

(79.3–85.7)

Kentucky

12.4

(8.9–17.1)

22.2

(15.2–31.1)

16.8

(13.4–20.9)

86.8

(82.9–89.9)

81.3

(77.0–85.0)

83.9

(80.2–87.0)

Louisiana

79.3

(72.2–84.9)

70.2

(65.2–74.7)

74.9

(70.2–79.0)

Maine

13.3

(11.0–16.1)

21.2

(19.0–23.5)

17.3

(15.4–19.4)

89.4

(87.7–90.9)

88.3

(86.6–89.8)

88.6

(87.2–90.0)

Maryland

85.4

(79.3–89.9)

81.9

(74.9–87.3)

83.5

(77.4–88.1)

Massachusetts

16.7

(13.4–20.6)

28.9

(23.7–34.6)

22.7

(19.5–26.4)

83.5

(78.4–87.6)

84.7

(80.9–87.9)

84.0

(80.1–87.4)

Michigan

16.2

(13.3–19.6)

24.7

(20.3–29.7)

20.4

(17.6–23.5)

88.3

(86.1–90.2)

88.7

(85.5–91.2)

88.5

(86.5–90.2)

Mississippi

12.9

(9.2–17.7)

23.9

(18.4–30.5)

18.8

(14.8–23.6)

78.0

(73.2–82.1)

75.6

(71.4–79.3)

76.9

(73.2–80.1)

Montana

18.2

(15.0–21.9)

24.4

(20.3–29.0)

21.1

(18.2–24.4)

85.2

(81.9–88.1)

85.6

(82.3–88.3)

85.4

(82.5–87.9)

Nebraska

18.3

(14.0–23.5)

21.3

(15.4–28.7)

19.8

(16.2–23.9)

77.6

(74.0–80.8)

79.4

(75.9–82.5)

78.5

(75.5–81.2)

New Hampshire

18.9

(14.3–24.6)

25.6

(19.2–33.3)

22.7

(18.8–27.1)

88.1

(84.1–91.1)

85.5

(81.8–88.5)

86.7

(83.6–89.3)

New Jersey

17.8

(13.2–23.6)

26.4

(18.2–36.6)

22.2

(17.3–28.1)

New Mexico

18.6

(15.8–21.8)

25.9

(22.8–29.3)

22.3

(19.9–25.0)

81.8

(78.1–85.1)

80.3

(76.8–83.4)

81.1

(77.8–84.0)

New York

18.8

(15.7–22.2)

25.2

(21.6–29.1)

21.9

(19.5–24.5)

North Carolina

18.6

(14.9–23.0)

33.1

(28.2–38.3)

25.3

(22.2–28.8)

North Dakota

Ohio

12.5

(8.2–18.4)

25.6

(19.9–32.4)

18.5

(14.6–23.1)

Oklahoma

15.8

(11.1–22.0)

16.2

(10.4–24.4)

16.0

(11.9–21.1)

83.7

(78.6–87.7)

83.0

(77.0–87.7)

83.3

(78.6–87.1)

Rhode Island

15.2

(12.3–18.6)

26.0

(21.2–31.4)

20.8

(17.7–24.4)

83.3

(76.9–88.3)

83.4

(79.2–86.9)

83.3

(78.3–87.3)

South Carolina

17.6

(10.2–28.7)

33.8

(27.4–40.7)

25.9

(20.5–32.2)

82.0

(77.1–86.1)

80.6

(76.3–84.3)

81.1

(77.1–84.6)

South Dakota

21.3

(16.6–26.9)

26.7

(21.3–33.0)

23.9

(20.1–28.0)

79.5

(72.3–85.2)

80.0

(73.8–85.0)

79.7

(73.5–84.8)

Tennessee

18.6

(15.7–21.8)

26.6

(22.5–31.1)

22.5

(19.9–25.3)

81.9

(77.7–85.5)

79.6

(76.5–82.4)

80.6

(77.6–83.3)

Texas

18.1

(16.4–20.0)

30.7

(26.0–35.8)

24.2

(21.7–27.0)

81.1

(76.6–84.9)

81.1

(76.9–84.7)

81.0

(76.9–84.6)

Utah

86.0

(83.0–88.5)

86.8

(82.3–90.3)

86.3

(83.0–89.0)

Vermont

16.9

(13.8–20.5)

29.8

(24.4–35.7)

23.3

(19.7–27.4)

Virginia

87.8

(83.9–90.9)

85.5

(80.7–89.3)

86.6

(82.7–89.7)

West Virginia

12.3

(8.6–17.3)

27.9

(22.2–34.4)

19.8

(15.9–24.4)

89.8

(86.3–92.5)

86.2

(82.0–89.6)

88.0

(84.8–90.6)

Wisconsin

17.2

(13.3–22.0)

22.9

(17.8–29.0)

19.9

(16.0–24.5)

89.5

(86.7–91.8)

88.6

(85.5–91.1)

89.1

(86.6–91.1)

Wyoming

20.1

(16.1–24.8)

34.5

(29.4–39.9)

26.7

(23.3–30.3)

82.1

(78.0–85.6)

83.1

(80.1–85.8)

82.6

(79.8–85.2)

Median

17.4

25.1

20.6

85.2

83.4

83.7

Range

12.3–25.9

16.2–34.5

16.0–26.7

77.6–92.0

70.2–90.8

74.9–91.4


TABLE 74. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who drank alcohol or used drugs before last sexual intercourse* and who were ever taught in school about acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Drank alcohol or used drugs before last sexual intercourse

Were taught in school about AIDS or HIV infection

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

17.7

(10.9–27.4)

29.3

(19.8–41.0)

24.3

(17.0–33.4)

73.4

(68.2–78.1)

73.2

(67.7–78.0)

73.3

(69.3–76.9)

Broward County, FL

18.7

(14.3–24.0)

25.7

(20.7–31.4)

22.4

(18.6–26.8)

88.1

(84.4–91.0)

86.7

(84.0–88.9)

87.3

(84.8–89.4)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

25.8

(20.9–31.5)

25.5

(20.4–31.3)

26.0

(22.1–30.4)

85.9

(82.4–88.9)

82.9

(78.6–86.4)

84.3

(81.2–87.0)

Chicago, IL

16.5

(12.9–20.9)

25.8

(20.3–32.3)

21.3

(17.3–25.9)

75.0

(70.2–79.2)

71.0

(66.7–74.9)

72.9

(69.1–76.4)

Dallas, TX

12.3

(7.9–18.8)

21.7

(15.7–29.3)

16.9

(12.3–22.8)

82.2

(77.9–85.8)

79.7

(75.1–83.6)

80.9

(77.6–83.9)

Detroit, MI

9.2

(5.9–14.0)

23.0

(16.6–31.0)

16.2

(12.4–20.8)

82.7

(79.3–85.7)

79.0

(75.7–82.0)

80.8

(78.2–83.1)

District of Columbia

19.7

(14.2–26.8)

25.8

(20.9–31.4)

22.9

(19.0–27.2)

85.6

(82.1–88.5)

82.6

(77.5–86.8)

83.8

(80.6–86.6)

Duval County, FL

19.1

(15.5–23.3)

27.7

(23.0–32.9)

23.5

(20.3–27.0)

82.4

(80.2–84.5)

80.3

(77.7–82.6)

81.3

(79.4–83.1)

Houston, TX

10.5

(7.4–14.7)

26.1

(20.5–32.5)

18.5

(15.1–22.6)

75.9

(72.6–78.9)

73.2

(69.8–76.3)

74.6

(72.0–77.0)

Los Angeles, CA

13.1

(8.0–20.6)

22.0

(13.2–34.5)

18.1

(12.1–26.2)

84.2

(80.1–87.6)

79.9

(74.6–84.4)

82.0

(77.8–85.5)

Memphis, TN

9.7

(6.9–13.7)

18.9

(15.0–23.5)

14.6

(12.2–17.5)

78.6

(75.2–81.7)

75.7

(72.2–79.0)

77.2

(74.7–79.5)

Miami-Dade County, FL

15.6

(12.1–19.8)

30.0

(24.1–36.6)

22.9

(19.4–26.9)

79.3

(76.4–82.0)

76.3

(72.2–80.0)

77.9

(75.2–80.4)

Milwaukee, WI

16.7

(12.5–21.9)

24.9

(19.5–31.2)

20.9

(17.4–24.9)

83.8

(80.4–86.6)

79.9

(76.6–82.9)

81.7

(79.0–84.0)

New York City, NY

15.2

(12.9–17.8)

23.2

(19.9–26.7)

19.2

(17.0–21.7)

Orange County, FL

23.7

(18.1–30.5)

27.3

(20.8–34.9)

25.6

(21.2–30.5)

88.3

(85.2–90.8)

85.1

(80.7–88.6)

86.6

(84.4–88.6)

Palm Beach County, FL

23.4

(18.9–28.7)

31.0

(25.5–37.1)

27.0

(23.6–30.7)

87.5

(84.8–89.8)

83.8

(80.7–86.4)

85.5

(83.2–87.4)

Philadelphia, PA

15.0

(11.3–19.6)

21.0

(15.6–27.6)

18.2

(14.6–22.4)

83.0

(79.0–86.4)

80.5

(76.7–83.9)

81.8

(78.9–84.5)

San Bernardino, CA

14.3

(8.6–23.0)

26.5

(19.8–34.4)

21.0

(16.3–26.6)

80.5

(76.5–84.0)

79.1

(74.4–83.1)

79.8

(76.2–83.0)

San Diego, CA

15.7

(10.7–22.6)

27.4

(21.1–34.8)

21.9

(17.4–27.2)

87.0

(82.9–90.3)

85.4

(81.4–88.6)

86.1

(83.0–88.7)

San Francisco, CA

14.8

(10.1–21.3)

27.4

(20.7–35.2)

21.0

(16.4–26.4)

84.4

(80.8–87.5)

78.0

(74.0–81.6)

81.1

(78.0–83.8)

Seattle, WA

87.5

(84.4–90.1)

85.3

(81.9–88.2)

86.2

(83.7–88.4)

Median

15.6

25.8

21.1

83.4

79.9

81.5

Range

9.2–25.8

18.9–31.0

14.6–27.0

73.4–88.3

71.0–86.7

72.9–87.3

* Among students who were currently sexually active.

95% confidence interval.

§ Not available.


TABLE 75. Percentage of high school students who were tested for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV),* by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White§

12.6

(10.7–14.8)

8.7

(7.3–10.4)

10.6

(9.2–12.1)

Black§

24.2

(19.2–29.9)

23.7

(17.0–32.0)

24.0

(18.9–29.9)

Hispanic

14.0

(12.0–16.2)

11.0

(8.8–13.7)

12.5

(11.0–14.1)

Grade

9

10.2

(8.1–12.7)

10.3

(8.4–12.7)

10.3

(8.7–12.0)

10

13.1

(10.6–16.0)

9.7

(7.1–13.2)

11.3

(9.1–14.0)

11

16.9

(13.7–20.7)

10.3

(8.3–12.7)

13.5

(11.3–16.1)

12

19.1

(16.2–22.5)

14.6

(12.1–17.5)

16.9

(14.5–19.5)

Total

14.6

(12.9–16.6)

11.2

(9.5–13.3)

12.9

(11.3–14.7)

* Does not include tests conducted when donating blood.

95% confidence interval.

§ Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 76. Percentage of high school students who did not eat fruit or drink 100% fruit juices* and who ate fruit or drank 100% fruit juices one or more times/day,* by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Did not eat fruit or drink 100% fruit juices

Ate fruit or drank 100% fruit juices one or more times/day

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White§

3.8

(3.1–4.7)

5.2

(4.3–6.4)

4.5

(3.8–5.4)

63.5

(60.6–66.3)

64.8

(62.0–67.6)

64.2

(61.8–66.5)

Black§

6.3

(4.7–8.5)

6.7

(4.9–9.0)

6.5

(5.4–7.8)

60.2

(56.7–63.5)

67.1

(62.9–71.0)

63.6

(60.6–66.5)

Hispanic

4.0

(3.2–5.0)

4.9

(3.7–6.4)

4.5

(3.7–5.4)

60.3

(57.1–63.4)

68.9

(66.1–71.5)

64.7

(62.6–66.8)

Grade

9

4.6

(3.4–6.1)

6.0

(4.7–7.7)

5.3

(4.3–6.5)

60.3

(56.9–63.6)

66.2

(62.9–69.4)

63.3

(60.6–66.0)

10

4.2

(3.5–5.1)

6.0

(4.3–8.3)

5.2

(4.1–6.4)

63.1

(59.8–66.3)

68.7

(64.5–72.6)

66.0

(62.8–69.0)

11

3.8

(2.9–5.1)

4.5

(3.4–5.9)

4.2

(3.4–5.1)

62.6

(59.0–66.0)

66.1

(63.1–69.0)

64.4

(62.4–66.4)

12

4.2

(3.0–5.9)

4.7

(3.6–6.0)

4.4

(3.7–5.3)

61.0

(57.2–64.6)

63.1

(60.1–65.9)

62.1

(60.0–64.2)

Total

4.3

(3.7–4.9)

5.3

(4.6–6.2)

4.8

(4.3–5.4)

61.6

(59.6–63.6)

66.1

(64.0–68.1)

64.0

(62.2–65.7)

* During the 7 days before the survey.

95% confidence interval.

§ Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 77. Percentage of high school students who did not eat fruit or drink 100% fruit juices* and who ate fruit or drank 100% fruit juices one or more times/day,* by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Did not eat fruit or drink 100% fruit juices

Ate fruit or drank 100% fruit juices one or more times/day

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

7.8

(5.8–10.5)

9.9

(7.6–13.0)

8.9

(7.1–11.1)

52.5

(47.2–57.8)

58.4

(52.4–64.2)

55.6

(51.1–59.9)

Alaska

2.8

(1.7–4.6)

6.5

(4.5–9.5)

4.8

(3.6–6.3)

61.4

(57.3–65.3)

60.6

(55.9–65.1)

60.9

(57.4–64.2)

Arizona

§

Arkansas

8.1

(6.3–10.4)

9.9

(7.2–13.5)

9.0

(7.3–11.1)

48.0

(44.3–51.8)

53.1

(47.1–58.9)

50.6

(47.1–54.1)

Colorado

Connecticut

2.9

(2.0–4.2)

5.7

(4.2–7.7)

4.4

(3.4–5.5)

65.1

(59.9–70.0)

65.8

(63.0–68.4)

65.4

(62.0–68.6)

Delaware

5.9

(4.5–7.7)

9.3

(7.3–11.6)

7.6

(6.5–8.8)

50.7

(47.0–54.4)

57.2

(53.8–60.6)

54.0

(51.3–56.7)

Florida

5.6

(4.7–6.6)

6.6

(5.7–7.6)

6.1

(5.5–6.9)

60.5

(58.3–62.7)

65.1

(63.4–66.7)

62.8

(61.1–64.4)

Georgia

6.4

(5.0–8.1)

6.7

(5.1–8.7)

6.6

(5.5–7.9)

53.7

(49.0–58.3)

60.5

(56.7–64.1)

57.1

(54.1–60.1)

Hawaii

5.4

(4.0–7.3)

6.8

(5.5–8.3)

6.1

(5.0–7.3)

52.9

(49.3–56.5)

57.1

(54.5–59.6)

54.9

(52.4–57.4)

Idaho

2.5

(1.5–4.3)

3.0

(2.2–4.2)

2.8

(2.3–3.4)

65.7

(61.8–69.5)

66.6

(61.9–71.0)

66.1

(62.8–69.3)

Illinois

4.3

(3.3–5.5)

6.3

(5.0–8.0)

5.3

(4.5–6.2)

60.6

(57.1–64.0)

61.9

(58.5–65.3)

61.3

(58.3–64.2)

Indiana

5.4

(4.1–7.1)

7.6

(5.2–10.9)

6.5

(5.0–8.4)

53.6

(50.0–57.2)

56.8

(52.2–61.2)

55.3

(52.2–58.3)

Iowa

2.8

(1.8–4.3)

6.5

(4.3–9.7)

4.7

(3.4–6.4)

62.4

(57.0–67.5)

65.5

(62.0–68.8)

63.9

(61.2–66.5)

Kansas

4.3

(3.1–6.1)

6.2

(4.4–8.6)

5.3

(3.9–7.0)

60.3

(55.4–65.1)

59.0

(54.7–63.1)

59.6

(55.8–63.3)

Kentucky

7.0

(5.1–9.5)

12.4

(9.6–16.0)

9.7

(8.0–11.6)

49.1

(44.4–53.9)

51.3

(47.2–55.3)

50.3

(46.7–53.9)

Louisiana

6.3

(4.5–8.9)

10.3

(6.9–15.1)

8.5

(6.1–11.6)

49.9

(42.3–57.5)

55.0

(48.5–61.3)

52.2

(46.8–57.6)

Maine

4.2

(3.6–5.0)

7.1

(6.3–8.0)

5.7

(5.1–6.4)

64.3

(61.5–67.1)

60.7

(57.6–63.6)

62.5

(59.8–65.1)

Maryland

4.9

(3.6–6.6)

5.9

(4.3–8.0)

5.4

(4.3–6.9)

60.4

(56.5–64.1)

62.3

(57.9–66.4)

61.3

(58.4–64.0)

Massachusetts

Michigan

4.2

(3.3–5.3)

6.6

(5.4–8.0)

5.5

(4.5–6.6)

61.6

(58.5–64.6)

62.9

(59.3–66.4)

62.2

(59.5–64.8)

Mississippi

7.5

(5.1–10.8)

7.8

(5.5–10.8)

7.6

(6.0–9.6)

56.8

(51.0–62.5)

63.5

(59.1–67.7)

60.2

(55.9–64.4)

Montana

2.9

(2.1–4.0)

5.0

(4.0–6.1)

4.0

(3.2–4.9)

62.1

(58.6–65.6)

61.0

(58.5–63.5)

61.6

(59.1–64.0)

Nebraska

4.0

(3.1–5.1)

5.3

(4.3–6.6)

4.7

(4.0–5.6)

57.1

(54.6–59.5)

60.8

(58.2–63.4)

59.0

(57.3–60.6)

New Hampshire

3.1

(1.9–5.0)

7.2

(5.3–9.7)

5.2

(3.9–6.9)

64.9

(61.1–68.4)

61.7

(57.1–66.1)

63.2

(60.1–66.1)

New Jersey

3.5

(2.5–4.8)

3.9

(2.6–5.9)

3.7

(2.9–4.8)

60.2

(56.4–63.8)

61.5

(57.7–65.1)

60.9

(58.4–63.3)

New Mexico

6.3

(5.4–7.4)

7.5

(6.4–8.9)

6.9

(6.2–7.8)

56.2

(53.9–58.5)

62.1

(59.9–64.3)

59.2

(57.3–61.2)

New York

4.9

(3.5–6.8)

8.3

(6.7–10.1)

6.6

(5.4–8.1)

65.1

(62.4–67.7)

65.5

(63.0–68.0)

65.3

(63.6–67.0)

North Carolina

7.4

(5.7–9.5)

8.0

(6.2–10.2)

7.7

(6.4–9.3)

54.1

(49.4–58.8)

56.8

(53.1–60.4)

55.5

(52.0–58.9)

North Dakota

2.3

(1.5–3.5)

3.3

(2.3–4.7)

2.8

(2.2–3.6)

65.3

(61.8–68.5)

61.7

(56.7–66.6)

63.6

(60.3–66.8)

Ohio

5.8

(3.6–9.3)

6.8

(4.3–10.8)

6.4

(4.2–9.6)

55.5

(50.9–60.1)

59.5

(54.4–64.5)

57.6

(53.5–61.6)

Oklahoma

8.8

(6.2–12.3)

9.7

(6.7–13.9)

9.2

(6.7–12.6)

53.8

(48.3–59.2)

57.5

(50.8–63.9)

55.7

(51.0–60.4)

Rhode Island

4.0

(3.0–5.3)

6.0

(5.0–7.2)

5.0

(4.5–5.6)

62.9

(58.9–66.7)

64.0

(61.1–66.8)

63.5

(60.2–66.6)

South Carolina

10.0

(7.0–14.0)

10.7

(7.5–15.1)

10.3

(8.0–13.2)

49.0

(44.5–53.5)

49.6

(45.3–53.8)

49.4

(46.3–52.6)

South Dakota

3.6

(2.1–6.0)

5.1

(3.4–7.7)

4.4

(3.1–6.2)

60.0

(53.0–66.7)

57.4

(51.8–62.9)

58.8

(54.7–62.7)

Tennessee

7.8

(6.2–9.8)

10.7

(8.1–13.9)

9.3

(7.5–11.4)

52.8

(49.7–55.9)

57.3

(53.1–61.4)

55.1

(51.7–58.3)

Texas

5.6

(4.5–7.1)

6.8

(5.7–8.0)

6.2

(5.3–7.3)

56.4

(54.0–58.7)

59.2

(56.9–61.5)

57.9

(56.1–59.6)

Utah

2.7

(1.8–4.2)

3.1

(2.1–4.6)

3.1

(2.3–4.2)

68.1

(63.8–72.1)

67.2

(63.6–70.7)

67.5

(64.5–70.5)

Vermont

2.5

(1.8–3.4)

5.2

(4.5–6.1)

3.9

(3.3–4.6)

69.4

(65.3–73.2)

69.3

(66.3–72.2)

69.3

(65.8–72.5)

Virginia

5.9

(4.0–8.7)

6.6

(4.7–9.2)

6.2

(4.5–8.6)

57.5

(51.5–63.2)

62.7

(58.5–66.7)

60.2

(56.5–63.8)

West Virginia

5.7

(4.2–7.8)

8.1

(6.0–10.8)

6.9

(5.5–8.7)

59.3

(54.5–63.9)

64.8

(59.4–69.9)

62.2

(57.9–66.2)

Wisconsin

3.1

(2.3–4.2)

4.1

(2.9–5.7)

3.6

(2.8–4.6)

64.9

(61.4–68.2)

66.8

(63.1–70.4)

65.9

(63.1–68.5)

Wyoming

5.6

(4.3–7.4)

7.3

(6.0–8.9)

6.6

(5.5–7.9)

59.9

(56.9–62.9)

64.3

(61.4–67.1)

62.1

(60.0–64.2)

Median

5.1

6.7

6.1

59.9

61.3

60.5

Range

2.3–10.0

3.0–12.4

2.8–10.3

48.0–69.4

49.6–69.3

49.4–69.3


TABLE 77. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who did not eat fruit or drink 100% fruit juices* and who ate fruit or drank 100% fruit juices one or more times/day,* by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Did not eat fruit or drink 100% fruit juices

Ate fruit or drank 100% fruit juices one or more times/day

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

6.1

(4.2–8.7)

6.5

(4.2–9.9)

6.3

(4.6–8.4)

51.4

(47.2–55.6)

62.1

(55.5–68.2)

56.4

(52.5–60.3)

Broward County, FL

6.9

(5.2–9.1)

6.4

(4.7–8.6)

6.7

(5.4–8.4)

61.4

(57.8–64.8)

67.2

(63.5–70.7)

64.4

(61.9–66.8)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

7.1

(5.3–9.3)

7.1

(5.6–8.9)

7.1

(5.8–8.6)

58.7

(54.2–63.0)

65.8

(62.3–69.1)

62.3

(59.5–64.9)

Chicago, IL

6.2

(4.8–7.9)

8.4

(6.4–11.0)

7.2

(5.9–8.7)

57.9

(53.7–62.0)

62.4

(58.7–66.0)

60.1

(57.1–63.0)

Dallas, TX

5.0

(3.2–7.8)

5.2

(3.6–7.6)

5.1

(3.7–6.9)

61.5

(56.6–66.1)

61.6

(56.3–66.7)

61.6

(58.0–65.0)

Detroit, MI

7.0

(5.5–8.8)

8.2

(6.0–11.0)

7.5

(6.2–9.0)

47.8

(43.0–52.6)

46.1

(41.6–50.7)

47.1

(43.5–50.8)

District of Columbia

6.8

(4.8–9.6)

7.4

(5.4–10.1)

7.2

(5.8–9.0)

60.7

(56.1–65.1)

61.9

(57.6–66.0)

60.9

(57.6–64.0)

Duval County, FL

8.3

(7.0–9.9)

11.1

(9.1–13.5)

9.7

(8.4–11.1)

53.6

(50.7–56.5)

54.1

(50.9–57.2)

53.9

(51.6–56.1)

Houston, TX

6.2

(4.7–8.0)

7.6

(6.0–9.7)

6.9

(5.7–8.3)

57.4

(54.2–60.6)

61.2

(58.4–64.0)

59.3

(57.2–61.4)

Los Angeles, CA

4.3

(2.6–7.0)

5.4

(3.3–8.6)

4.8

(3.5–6.7)

65.1

(57.2–72.3)

66.5

(62.1–70.7)

66.0

(60.8–70.8)

Memphis, TN

5.8

(4.2–7.8)

6.8

(5.0–9.2)

6.3

(5.1–7.7)

62.5

(58.5–66.4)

65.3

(61.3–69.1)

63.9

(60.9–66.8)

Miami-Dade County, FL

6.5

(5.1–8.3)

7.1

(5.5–9.2)

6.9

(5.6–8.4)

57.6

(53.9–61.2)

66.2

(62.7–69.6)

61.8

(59.3–64.2)

Milwaukee, WI

6.0

(4.5–8.0)

6.4

(4.7–8.7)

6.2

(5.0–7.6)

60.6

(57.0–64.0)

63.7

(60.4–66.9)

62.1

(59.6–64.6)

New York City, NY

5.0

(4.3–5.9)

8.4

(7.2–9.9)

6.7

(6.0–7.4)

57.8

(55.8–59.7)

60.4

(57.8–62.8)

59.0

(57.2–60.8)

Orange County, FL

5.6

(4.0–7.7)

8.0

(5.6–11.4)

6.9

(5.4–8.8)

57.1

(52.6–61.5)

66.0

(61.6–70.0)

61.4

(58.6–64.2)

Palm Beach County, FL

5.7

(4.4–7.3)

7.6

(5.6–10.2)

6.6

(5.3–8.2)

62.7

(59.1–66.1)

66.3

(63.0–69.4)

64.5

(62.2–66.8)

Philadelphia, PA

6.2

(4.6–8.3)

7.8

(5.6–10.6)

7.0

(5.4–9.0)

53.4

(49.5–57.3)

56.4

(51.0–61.7)

54.9

(51.4–58.2)

San Bernardino, CA

3.3

(2.0–5.5)

4.0

(2.5–6.6)

3.8

(2.8–5.3)

65.3

(62.1–68.4)

71.8

(68.2–75.2)

68.4

(65.9–70.9)

San Diego, CA

4.0

(2.8–5.9)

6.0

(4.0–8.8)

5.1

(3.9–6.6)

61.6

(57.1–65.8)

65.0

(61.4–68.5)

63.3

(60.2–66.2)

San Francisco, CA

4.4

(3.0–6.4)

7.3

(5.7–9.4)

5.8

(4.7–7.3)

63.5

(59.7–67.2)

61.7

(58.0–65.2)

62.6

(60.3–64.9)

Seattle, WA

3.9

(2.6–5.7)

4.8

(3.1–7.3)

4.4

(3.4–5.8)

69.2

(65.3–72.9)

67.9

(63.6–71.8)

68.4

(65.4–71.3)

Median

6.0

7.1

6.7

60.6

63.7

61.8

Range

3.3–8.3

4.0–11.1

3.8–9.7

47.8–69.2

46.1–71.8

47.1–68.4

* During the 7 days before the survey.

95% confidence interval.

§ Not available.


TABLE 78. Percentage of high school students who ate fruit or drank 100% fruit juices, by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Ate fruit or drank 100% fruit juices two or more times/day*

Ate fruit or drank 100% fruit juices three or more times/day*

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White§

30.6

(28.1–33.2)

34.8

(31.0–38.8)

32.8

(30.2–35.4)

17.4

(15.8–19.0)

22.3

(19.2–25.8)

20.0

(18.0–22.0)

Black§

34.5

(31.3–37.8)

40.0

(36.7–43.5)

37.2

(34.7–39.8)

25.6

(22.8–28.6)

30.3

(27.1–33.7)

27.9

(25.5–30.5)

Hispanic

30.9

(28.5–33.5)

40.0

(37.7–42.4)

35.6

(33.9–37.3)

21.8

(19.5–24.3)

27.6

(25.8–29.6)

24.8

(23.5–26.3)

Grade

9

30.7

(28.3–33.3)

39.3

(35.4–43.5)

35.1

(32.4–37.9)

19.4

(17.1–21.9)

27.2

(23.8–30.9)

23.4

(20.9–26.0)

10

33.3

(30.9–35.9)

37.4

(33.4–41.5)

35.4

(32.9–38.1)

22.0

(19.5–24.7)

26.3

(22.5–30.4)

24.2

(21.9–26.7)

11

31.2

(28.4–34.2)

34.0

(30.7–37.4)

32.6

(30.6–34.8)

19.5

(17.3–21.8)

21.7

(19.0–24.8)

20.7

(19.0–22.5)

12

29.3

(26.5–32.3)

34.9

(32.3–37.6)

32.2

(30.3–34.2)

18.1

(16.0–20.4)

23.2

(20.4–26.2)

20.7

(18.8–22.7)

Total

31.2

(29.5–32.8)

36.5

(34.2–38.9)

34.0

(32.3–35.6)

19.8

(18.5–21.1)

24.8

(22.8–26.9)

22.4

(21.0–23.8)

* During the 7 days before the survey.

95% confidence interval.

§ Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 79. Percentage of high school students who ate fruit or drank 100% fruit juices, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Ate fruit or drank 100% fruit juices two or more times/day*

Ate fruit or drank 100% fruit juices three or more times/day*

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

25.1

(21.1–29.5)

33.1

(27.0–39.9)

29.2

(25.3–33.5)

16.9

(14.2–20.0)

23.8

(18.6–30.0)

20.5

(17.0–24.5)

Alaska

31.0

(27.3–35.1)

32.9

(28.0–38.1)

32.0

(28.4–35.7)

18.8

(15.4–22.6)

23.6

(19.1–28.9)

21.3

(18.1–24.9)

Arizona

§

Arkansas

23.3

(19.1–28.0)

28.5

(24.6–32.7)

25.8

(22.4–29.7)

16.9

(13.4–21.0)

19.7

(16.5–23.5)

18.3

(15.3–21.7)

Colorado

Connecticut

34.1

(30.7–37.6)

36.4

(33.3–39.6)

35.2

(32.7–37.8)

20.8

(18.5–23.4)

22.6

(20.2–25.2)

21.6

(20.0–23.4)

Delaware

28.1

(25.4–30.9)

32.4

(29.2–35.8)

30.3

(28.3–32.4)

18.0

(15.6–20.6)

21.1

(18.2–24.3)

19.7

(17.7–21.8)

Florida

30.8

(28.8–33.0)

38.9

(36.8–41.1)

34.8

(33.4–36.3)

20.7

(19.0–22.5)

26.8

(25.0–28.7)

23.7

(22.6–24.8)

Georgia

27.7

(23.9–32.0)

33.8

(30.2–37.6)

30.8

(28.1–33.7)

19.0

(16.0–22.5)

24.0

(20.4–28.1)

21.6

(19.0–24.5)

Hawaii

23.6

(21.3–26.0)

27.3

(24.6–30.2)

25.5

(23.5–27.6)

14.9

(13.3–16.7)

18.4

(16.4–20.6)

16.7

(15.3–18.3)

Idaho

29.9

(27.3–32.7)

27.9

(24.4–31.7)

28.8

(26.2–31.5)

16.4

(13.4–20.0)

17.6

(15.3–20.1)

17.0

(15.1–19.1)

Illinois

30.0

(26.6–33.6)

32.8

(30.0–35.8)

31.5

(28.6–34.5)

18.2

(15.8–21.0)

20.6

(18.7–22.7)

19.5

(17.6–21.5)

Indiana

22.5

(20.4–24.8)

26.6

(23.5–29.9)

24.6

(22.7–26.5)

11.6

(9.9–13.5)

17.3

(14.7–20.3)

14.5

(13.0–16.1)

Iowa

29.1

(23.1–35.8)

32.6

(30.1–35.2)

30.9

(27.1–34.9)

16.0

(12.7–20.0)

22.6

(20.4–24.9)

19.3

(16.9–22.0)

Kansas

24.9

(21.3–28.8)

27.4

(24.3–30.7)

26.1

(23.7–28.8)

14.0

(11.2–17.5)

16.9

(14.6–19.6)

15.5

(13.5–17.7)

Kentucky

21.5

(18.5–25.0)

24.4

(21.3–27.9)

23.0

(20.6–25.6)

12.6

(11.1–14.3)

16.7

(13.9–20.0)

14.6

(12.8–16.7)

Louisiana

22.5

(15.7–31.2)

25.3

(21.2–29.9)

23.8

(19.7–28.4)

16.8

(11.8–23.5)

19.8

(16.7–23.3)

18.2

(15.5–21.3)

Maine

30.5

(28.2–33.0)

30.8

(28.6–33.2)

30.8

(28.7–32.9)

18.5

(16.9–20.2)

20.0

(18.3–21.7)

19.3

(18.0–20.7)

Maryland

32.8

(30.0–35.9)

36.5

(33.1–39.9)

34.7

(32.2–37.3)

19.9

(17.8–22.1)

24.6

(21.2–28.3)

22.3

(20.0–24.7)

Massachusetts

Michigan

30.6

(26.5–35.0)

31.9

(28.5–35.5)

31.2

(27.8–34.8)

19.5

(15.4–24.4)

19.0

(16.6–21.6)

19.2

(16.4–22.4)

Mississippi

27.6

(22.7–33.1)

36.9

(32.8–41.2)

32.3

(28.3–36.5)

18.7

(13.9–24.6)

27.0

(22.8–31.6)

22.8

(18.9–27.3)

Montana

25.9

(23.7–28.2)

27.8

(25.6–30.0)

26.9

(25.3–28.5)

13.4

(11.9–14.9)

17.6

(15.9–19.5)

15.6

(14.3–16.9)

Nebraska

25.8

(23.7–27.9)

28.2

(25.9–30.7)

26.9

(25.4–28.6)

14.2

(12.5–16.0)

17.1

(15.2–19.1)

15.6

(14.3–17.0)

New Hampshire

33.3

(30.0–36.9)

34.4

(30.6–38.4)

33.9

(31.3–36.6)

18.5

(16.2–21.1)

22.2

(18.8–26.0)

20.3

(18.1–22.6)

New Jersey

30.5

(26.2–35.2)

30.6

(26.7–34.7)

30.6

(27.5–34.0)

17.8

(14.0–22.4)

20.5

(17.3–24.2)

19.2

(16.5–22.3)

New Mexico

27.1

(25.0–29.2)

35.0

(33.3–36.8)

31.2

(29.7–32.7)

17.0

(15.4–18.7)

24.5

(22.7–26.4)

20.9

(19.6–22.3)

New York

37.2

(34.4–40.0)

36.5

(33.8–39.3)

36.8

(34.7–38.9)

24.5

(22.7–26.3)

26.7

(23.9–29.7)

25.6

(23.9–27.3)

North Carolina

29.1

(24.8–33.9)

31.0

(27.4–34.8)

30.1

(27.4–32.9)

18.5

(15.2–22.3)

21.0

(18.8–23.5)

19.8

(18.1–21.6)

North Dakota

28.5

(25.8–31.3)

28.5

(24.9–32.5)

28.7

(26.5–31.0)

14.2

(11.6–17.2)

18.0

(14.9–21.6)

16.2

(14.1–18.6)

Ohio

23.3

(20.1–26.9)

30.2

(25.6–35.1)

26.7

(23.3–30.3)

14.5

(12.4–16.9)

19.5

(16.2–23.2)

16.9

(14.8–19.3)

Oklahoma

22.8

(19.6–26.2)

33.5

(28.8–38.6)

28.2

(25.0–31.6)

13.9

(11.5–16.6)

21.9

(18.8–25.3)

17.9

(15.8–20.1)

Rhode Island

33.1

(30.2–36.1)

35.0

(32.3–37.9)

34.1

(31.4–36.8)

19.9

(17.9–22.1)

23.7

(20.9–26.8)

21.9

(19.6–24.3)

South Carolina

24.1

(19.6–29.3)

26.6

(22.6–31.0)

25.6

(22.1–29.4)

16.9

(13.8–20.5)

19.6

(15.8–24.0)

18.5

(15.6–21.6)

South Dakota

25.4

(22.2–29.0)

26.5

(23.7–29.5)

25.9

(23.6–28.4)

12.1

(9.9–14.6)

15.4

(12.7–18.5)

13.7

(12.1–15.5)

Tennessee

26.4

(23.1–29.9)

30.9

(27.0–35.2)

28.7

(25.9–31.7)

17.1

(15.0–19.5)

22.1

(18.7–26.0)

19.7

(17.3–22.3)

Texas

26.5

(24.3–28.8)

33.3

(30.9–35.8)

29.9

(28.0–31.9)

17.3

(15.6–19.1)

22.8

(20.4–25.3)

20.1

(18.2–22.0)

Utah

31.2

(26.9–35.8)

32.2

(29.6–35.0)

31.7

(29.0–34.5)

17.1

(13.7–21.1)

20.3

(18.0–22.8)

18.7

(16.6–21.1)

Vermont

35.2

(31.6–38.9)

37.2

(35.0–39.3)

36.1

(33.4–38.8)

20.5

(18.7–22.3)

23.7

(22.1–25.4)

22.1

(20.8–23.4)

Virginia

27.5

(23.5–31.9)

32.5

(27.8–37.7)

30.2

(27.3–33.2)

16.7

(13.8–20.2)

19.2

(16.6–22.2)

18.2

(16.0–20.5)

West Virginia

31.1

(25.4–37.4)

34.9

(30.0–40.1)

33.0

(28.4–38.1)

18.8

(15.5–22.7)

22.4

(19.0–26.3)

20.6

(17.9–23.7)

Wisconsin

31.0

(27.9–34.2)

34.8

(31.7–37.9)

32.9

(30.6–35.3)

18.5

(16.6–20.6)

22.2

(18.8–26.2)

20.4

(18.2–22.8)

Wyoming

26.9

(24.4–29.6)

32.6

(29.7–35.6)

29.8

(27.9–31.7)

16.6

(14.6–18.9)

19.5

(17.1–22.3)

18.1

(16.4–19.9)

Median

27.9

32.4

30.2

17.1

20.8

19.3

Range

21.5–37.2

24.4–38.9

23.0–36.8

11.6–24.5

15.4–27.0

13.7–25.6


TABLE 79. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who ate fruit or drank 100% fruit juices, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Ate fruit or drank 100% fruit juices two or more times/day*

Ate fruit or drank 100% fruit juices three or more times/day*

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

25.2

(21.9–28.8)

36.1

(31.0–41.6)

30.4

(27.4–33.6)

18.5

(15.5–22.0)

29.9

(25.0–35.4)

24.0

(20.9–27.4)

Broward County, FL

33.6

(30.3–37.2)

41.6

(38.3–45.0)

37.7

(35.2–40.2)

22.0

(18.9–25.5)

31.1

(27.8–34.7)

26.5

(24.1–29.1)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

34.0

(31.2–36.9)

39.0

(35.4–42.7)

36.5

(34.4–38.7)

23.6

(20.9–26.4)

26.5

(23.3–29.9)

25.0

(23.0–27.2)

Chicago, IL

30.8

(27.8–34.0)

34.8

(30.5–39.3)

32.5

(29.5–35.7)

23.0

(20.4–25.7)

26.3

(22.0–31.1)

24.4

(21.6–27.4)

Dallas, TX

31.4

(28.1–34.9)

33.1

(27.5–39.1)

32.3

(28.8–35.9)

21.0

(18.2–24.2)

24.1

(19.8–29.1)

22.6

(20.0–25.4)

Detroit, MI

26.1

(23.1–29.2)

27.1

(23.8–30.6)

26.6

(24.4–29.0)

18.4

(16.2–20.9)

20.7

(17.6–24.1)

19.6

(17.6–21.7)

District of Columbia

34.6

(30.4–39.0)

35.1

(30.6–39.9)

34.7

(31.5–37.9)

25.3

(21.8–29.2)

26.8

(22.2–32.0)

25.9

(22.7–29.3)

Duval County, FL

25.7

(23.3–28.3)

29.8

(27.2–32.6)

27.7

(25.9–29.6)

18.4

(16.3–20.7)

21.4

(19.1–24.0)

19.9

(18.3–21.5)

Houston, TX

28.2

(25.5–31.1)

34.1

(30.8–37.6)

31.2

(28.8–33.6)

19.0

(16.3–22.0)

24.7

(21.7–27.9)

21.8

(19.7–24.2)

Los Angeles, CA

35.4

(30.3–40.8)

38.6

(34.5–42.9)

37.2

(33.6–40.9)

24.9

(21.3–28.9)

26.7

(22.9–31.0)

25.9

(22.8–29.4)

Memphis, TN

34.6

(30.9–38.4)

43.9

(39.6–48.3)

39.2

(36.1–42.4)

23.7

(20.4–27.3)

32.5

(29.0–36.3)

28.0

(25.2–31.0)

Miami-Dade County, FL

32.3

(28.9–36.0)

41.4

(38.0–44.9)

36.8

(34.4–39.2)

22.2

(19.1–25.5)

31.8

(28.8–35.0)

26.9

(24.8–29.2)

Milwaukee, WI

32.7

(29.2–36.3)

37.5

(34.7–40.5)

35.2

(33.1–37.3)

25.1

(21.8–28.6)

29.1

(26.5–32.0)

27.1

(25.3–29.1)

New York City, NY

32.8

(30.9–34.7)

35.3

(33.4–37.4)

33.9

(32.5–35.4)

21.9

(20.5–23.4)

26.3

(24.3–28.4)

24.0

(22.6–25.4)

Orange County, FL

30.8

(27.3–34.6)

38.5

(34.7–42.3)

34.6

(31.7–37.6)

20.3

(17.3–23.6)

29.0

(25.2–33.1)

24.5

(21.9–27.3)

Palm Beach County, FL

35.4

(32.8–38.0)

37.7

(34.2–41.2)

36.6

(34.4–38.9)

25.7

(23.5–28.1)

26.2

(23.2–29.4)

26.0

(24.1–28.1)

Philadelphia, PA

25.8

(22.1–29.9)

30.4

(26.4–34.9)

28.0

(24.9–31.3)

19.2

(15.9–22.9)

22.5

(18.8–26.6)

20.6

(18.2–23.3)

San Bernardino, CA

38.0

(34.3–41.9)

40.7

(36.5–45.1)

39.2

(36.4–42.2)

28.0

(24.4–32.0)

31.3

(27.5–35.3)

29.6

(26.8–32.5)

San Diego, CA

31.7

(27.7–36.1)

36.5

(32.1–41.1)

34.1

(30.6–37.8)

19.8

(16.8–23.3)

23.3

(19.5–27.6)

21.6

(18.8–24.7)

San Francisco, CA

34.7

(31.1–38.5)

33.9

(30.8–37.2)

34.3

(32.1–36.5)

20.0

(17.0–23.2)

22.2

(19.4–25.2)

21.2

(19.3–23.1)

Seattle, WA

34.3

(30.9–37.9)

33.8

(29.7–38.1)

34.1

(31.2–37.0)

19.8

(17.2–22.7)

23.0

(19.7–26.6)

21.3

(19.1–23.7)

Median

32.7

36.1

34.3

21.9

26.3

24.4

Range

25.2–38.0

27.1–43.9

26.6–39.2

18.4–28.0

20.7–32.5

19.6–29.6

* During the 7 days before the survey.

95% confidence interval.

§ Not available.


TABLE 80. Percentage of high school students who did not eat vegetables*,† and who ate vegetables* one or more times/day, by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Did not eat vegetables

Ate vegetables one or more times/day

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White

2.4

(1.9–3.0)

5.5

(4.7–6.5)

4.0

(3.5–4.6)

66.1

(63.2–68.9)

65.3

(63.0–67.6)

65.7

(63.4–67.9)

Black

8.6

(6.9–10.7)

11.1

(8.7–14.2)

9.9

(8.2–11.9)

52.7

(49.4–56.0)

55.9

(51.0–60.7)

54.3

(51.3–57.2)

Hispanic

8.1

(6.4–10.2)

8.2

(6.5–10.4)

8.2

(6.7–9.9)

53.8

(50.6–56.9)

58.9

(55.8–61.9)

56.4

(53.9–59.0)

Grade

9

5.0

(3.8–6.6)

8.1

(6.8–9.7)

6.6

(5.4–8.0)

59.8

(56.6–63.0)

61.6

(58.6–64.5)

60.8

(58.3–63.2)

10

3.7

(2.9–4.7)

5.9

(4.4–7.9)

4.9

(3.9–6.1)

62.2

(58.8–65.4)

64.1

(61.5–66.5)

63.1

(60.7–65.5)

11

4.6

(3.6–5.7)

8.2

(6.7–9.9)

6.4

(5.4–7.5)

62.3

(59.2–65.4)

60.8

(58.2–63.3)

61.6

(59.2–63.9)

12

4.4

(3.5–5.7)

5.2

(4.2–6.4)

4.8

(4.1–5.6)

62.7

(59.4–65.9)

64.7

(60.8–68.4)

63.7

(60.6–66.7)

Total

4.5

(3.9–5.2)

6.9

(6.1–7.7)

5.7

(5.1–6.4)

61.6

(59.5–63.7)

62.8

(61.1–64.5)

62.3

(60.5–64.0)

* Green salad, potatoes (excluding French fries, fried potatoes, or potato chips), carrots, or other vegetables.

During the 7 days before the survey.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 81. Percentage of high school students who did not eat vegetables*,† and who ate vegetables* one or more times/day, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Did not eat vegetables

Ate vegetables one or more times/day

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

9.8

(7.3–12.9)

10.8

(8.5–13.5)

10.3

(8.5–12.3)

50.0

(43.7–56.2)

58.3

(54.8–61.8)

54.3

(50.1–58.4)

Alaska

4.2

(2.7–6.5)

7.4

(5.2–10.3)

5.8

(4.3–7.8)

66.7

(62.6–70.6)

65.2

(61.1–69.0)

65.9

(62.9–68.8)

Arizona

Arkansas

9.1

(7.2–11.5)

11.6

(9.6–13.9)

10.3

(8.8–12.1)

56.0

(50.0–61.7)

57.6

(52.1–62.9)

56.8

(53.6–60.1)

Colorado

Connecticut

2.8

(1.9–4.1)

5.7

(4.3–7.6)

4.3

(3.4–5.4)

67.9

(62.9–72.5)

61.4

(57.1–65.6)

64.7

(60.8–68.4)

Delaware

Florida

7.0

(6.1–8.0)

9.1

(7.9–10.6)

8.1

(7.2–9.0)

58.1

(55.9–60.2)

57.7

(55.7–59.7)

57.9

(56.4–59.4)

Georgia

7.5

(5.6–10.1)

9.0

(7.4–11.0)

8.3

(6.9–10.0)

56.6

(53.1–60.0)

57.1

(53.9–60.3)

56.9

(54.1–59.7)

Hawaii

5.7

(4.3–7.4)

7.7

(5.9–9.9)

6.6

(5.3–8.3)

59.3

(56.3–62.2)

58.9

(55.0–62.6)

59.2

(56.6–61.7)

Idaho

2.9

(1.8–4.6)

4.7

(3.4–6.5)

3.8

(2.8–5.3)

68.1

(64.1–71.9)

67.5

(63.8–70.9)

67.8

(64.6–70.8)

Illinois

5.1

(3.9–6.7)

8.5

(6.9–10.4)

6.8

(5.7–8.0)

56.2

(51.7–60.7)

59.1

(55.6–62.5)

57.7

(54.5–60.9)

Indiana

4.3

(3.3–5.6)

7.9

(6.2–9.9)

6.1

(5.0–7.4)

58.6

(55.7–61.4)

57.6

(54.6–60.5)

58.0

(56.1–60.0)

Iowa

2.7

(1.6–4.7)

6.4

(4.4–9.2)

4.6

(3.2–6.6)

63.0

(59.9–66.0)

66.5

(61.5–71.1)

64.9

(61.3–68.4)

Kansas

4.7

(3.6–6.2)

6.8

(4.8–9.6)

5.8

(4.6–7.3)

64.1

(59.9–68.0)

64.5

(59.8–68.9)

64.3

(60.3–68.1)

Kentucky

5.2

(3.7–7.4)

8.7

(7.0–10.9)

7.0

(5.8–8.3)

55.2

(50.5–59.8)

58.4

(54.3–62.3)

56.8

(53.4–60.2)

Louisiana

10.6

(6.5–17.0)

14.0

(10.3–18.8)

12.2

(9.7–15.3)

49.1

(43.6–54.7)

50.5

(40.7–60.2)

49.9

(45.1–54.7)

Maine

Maryland

5.6

(4.0–7.9)

9.0

(7.0–11.4)

7.3

(5.8–9.2)

59.9

(54.0–65.5)

62.4

(58.8–65.8)

61.1

(57.6–64.5)

Massachusetts

Michigan

4.2

(3.2–5.6)

6.9

(5.1–9.3)

5.6

(4.5–6.9)

64.3

(60.2–68.2)

62.1

(59.1–65.1)

63.2

(60.2–66.0)

Mississippi

7.8

(6.0–9.9)

11.2

(9.0–14.0)

9.5

(7.9–11.2)

53.5

(49.8–57.2)

61.6

(56.6–66.3)

57.6

(54.7–60.4)

Montana

2.3

(1.7–3.1)

4.5

(3.5–5.7)

3.5

(2.7–4.4)

66.9

(63.4–70.2)

66.1

(63.5–68.7)

66.5

(63.9–69.0)

Nebraska

3.6

(2.9–4.6)

5.5

(4.4–6.8)

4.5

(3.8–5.4)

61.9

(59.5–64.3)

62.2

(59.3–64.9)

62.0

(60.2–63.8)

New Hampshire

3.2

(1.9–5.3)

4.4

(3.0–6.4)

3.8

(2.7–5.2)

72.3

(67.5–76.6)

64.2

(59.9–68.2)

68.2

(65.2–71.1)

New Jersey

3.5

(2.5–5.0)

3.7

(2.4–5.8)

3.6

(2.7–4.9)

65.0

(61.1–68.7)

65.1

(60.2–69.7)

65.1

(62.2–68.0)

New Mexico

5.2

(4.1–6.4)

7.3

(6.3–8.5)

6.3

(5.4–7.3)

61.9

(59.4–64.3)

63.7

(61.0–66.3)

62.9

(60.7–65.0)

New York

North Carolina

7.1

(5.6–8.9)

8.9

(6.6–11.8)

7.9

(6.2–10.1)

59.4

(55.4–63.3)

61.2

(56.1–66.1)

60.4

(56.6–64.1)

North Dakota

2.9

(2.1–4.0)

4.6

(3.4–6.3)

3.8

(3.0–4.8)

63.3

(59.7–66.9)

57.7

(53.6–61.8)

60.6

(57.6–63.5)

Ohio

4.8

(2.9–8.1)

6.5

(3.8–11.0)

5.7

(3.7–8.5)

58.9

(55.5–62.2)

56.4

(53.5–59.3)

57.8

(56.2–59.3)

Oklahoma

5.6

(3.5–8.8)

5.8

(3.9–8.5)

5.7

(4.0–8.0)

57.6

(54.0–61.2)

61.5

(56.9–65.9)

59.6

(57.0–62.1)

Rhode Island

3.7

(2.6–5.2)

6.8

(5.5–8.4)

5.3

(4.2–6.5)

66.1

(60.4–71.3)

63.3

(59.4–67.0)

64.7

(60.1–69.1)

South Carolina

7.6

(5.6–10.1)

12.8

(10.3–15.9)

10.2

(8.1–12.8)

52.8

(47.2–58.3)

51.2

(47.5–55.0)

52.2

(48.3–56.2)

South Dakota

3.1

(1.9–5.2)

3.4

(2.2–5.3)

3.3

(2.2–5.0)

63.1

(57.1–68.7)

59.5

(56.1–62.9)

61.2

(57.4–64.8)

Tennessee

7.0

(5.4–9.2)

7.9

(5.9–10.4)

7.5

(6.2–9.2)

59.0

(55.0–62.9)

58.3

(54.6–61.8)

58.6

(55.8–61.4)

Texas

7.8

(6.5–9.3)

10.3

(8.4–12.4)

9.0

(7.8–10.4)

52.1

(49.2–54.9)

52.8

(50.0–55.5)

52.5

(50.2–54.8)

Utah

2.9

(1.8–4.9)

3.0

(1.9–4.8)

3.0

(2.2–4.1)

69.3

(64.9–73.3)

67.2

(63.6–70.6)

68.2

(65.1–71.0)

Vermont

1.9

(1.4–2.6)

4.4

(3.5–5.7)

3.2

(2.6–3.9)

75.3

(72.5–78.0)

72.1

(69.4–74.7)

73.6

(71.1–76.0)

Virginia

4.8

(3.0–7.7)

8.0

(6.0–10.6)

6.4

(4.8–8.4)

58.9

(54.2–63.4)

57.5

(51.1–63.6)

58.3

(53.7–62.7)

West Virginia

4.7

(3.1–7.0)

6.5

(5.0–8.4)

5.6

(4.2–7.4)

66.1

(61.2–70.8)

64.0

(58.8–68.9)

65.1

(60.6–69.4)

Wisconsin

3.0

(2.2–4.3)

4.0

(2.9–5.4)

3.5

(2.9–4.2)

64.5

(61.4–67.5)

64.1

(60.1–67.9)

64.3

(61.1–67.4)

Wyoming

4.2

(3.1–5.5)

5.8

(4.5–7.6)

5.1

(4.2–6.3)

68.3

(65.3–71.2)

69.2

(66.4–72.0)

68.6

(66.6–70.7)

Median

4.7

6.9

5.8

61.9

61.5

61.1

Range

1.9–10.6

3.0–14.0

3.0–12.2

49.1–75.3

50.5–72.1

49.9–73.6


TABLE 81. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who did not eat vegetables*,† and who ate vegetables* one or more times/day, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Did not eat vegetables

Ate vegetables one or more times/day

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

9.3

(6.3–13.7)

11.3

(7.4–16.9)

10.3

(7.7–13.5)

44.8

(39.4–50.4)

47.1

(40.7–53.6)

45.9

(42.5–49.4)

Broward County, FL

10.1

(7.8–12.9)

10.2

(8.0–12.9)

10.2

(8.4–12.3)

57.4

(53.3–61.3)

59.5

(56.4–62.6)

58.6

(55.8–61.4)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

6.6

(4.7–9.2)

7.7

(6.0–9.9)

7.1

(5.8–8.8)

59.3

(55.7–62.7)

60.9

(56.6–65.0)

60.3

(57.5–63.1)

Chicago, IL

11.2

(9.2–13.6)

14.0

(12.0–16.3)

12.4

(10.9–14.1)

48.3

(44.2–52.4)

49.1

(46.3–52.0)

48.9

(46.1–51.7)

Dallas, TX

9.6

(7.0–13.1)

10.2

(7.9–13.1)

9.9

(8.2–11.9)

48.0

(43.5–52.6)

48.9

(43.7–54.1)

48.4

(44.7–52.2)

Detroit, MI

7.5

(6.0–9.4)

8.9

(6.8–11.4)

8.2

(6.9–9.7)

58.7

(55.2–62.2)

60.7

(56.5–64.8)

59.8

(56.8–62.8)

District of Columbia

6.2

(4.2–9.1)

10.7

(7.8–14.4)

8.5

(6.6–10.7)

54.5

(50.8–58.2)

55.7

(51.2–60.1)

55.1

(52.1–58.0)

Duval County, FL

7.2

(5.8–8.8)

10.5

(8.9–12.5)

8.8

(7.8–10.0)

54.7

(51.8–57.6)

57.5

(54.5–60.5)

56.2

(53.9–58.4)

Houston, TX

9.8

(8.2–11.7)

13.8

(12.2–15.6)

11.8

(10.6–13.2)

51.1

(47.5–54.7)

52.3

(48.8–55.8)

51.8

(49.0–54.6)

Los Angeles, CA

7.1

(5.2–9.7)

8.1

(6.0–10.8)

7.6

(6.0–9.5)

49.8

(41.9–57.7)

55.9

(52.0–59.6)

53.2

(48.2–58.0)

Memphis, TN

12.2

(9.9–15.0)

12.9

(10.2–16.1)

12.5

(10.7–14.5)

47.0

(43.1–51.0)

49.8

(45.9–53.7)

48.4

(45.9–50.9)

Miami-Dade County, FL

9.3

(7.4–11.7)

13.4

(11.3–15.8)

11.3

(9.6–13.3)

50.7

(46.9–54.5)

55.0

(51.6–58.3)

52.7

(50.2–55.2)

Milwaukee, WI

New York City, NY

Orange County, FL

7.8

(5.2–11.5)

9.3

(7.0–12.2)

8.6

(6.7–10.9)

58.5

(54.0–62.9)

60.8

(56.7–64.8)

59.6

(56.4–62.7)

Palm Beach County, FL

7.4

(5.8–9.5)

10.1

(7.8–13.0)

8.8

(7.2–10.6)

60.3

(57.4–63.1)

59.7

(56.2–63.1)

60.0

(57.7–62.3)

Philadelphia, PA

7.9

(6.0–10.4)

10.0

(7.6–12.9)

8.8

(7.2–10.8)

49.6

(45.5–53.7)

48.1

(44.1–52.2)

49.1

(46.1–52.2)

San Bernardino, CA

9.6

(7.1–12.8)

9.4

(6.8–12.9)

9.6

(7.9–11.6)

52.9

(48.9–56.9)

57.2

(52.9–61.3)

55.0

(52.0–58.0)

San Diego, CA

5.5

(3.8–7.8)

10.2

(7.8–13.2)

7.9

(6.5–9.6)

57.4

(53.6–61.2)

58.7

(55.5–61.9)

58.1

(55.5–60.5)

San Francisco, CA

4.8

(3.3–7.0)

6.8

(5.2–8.9)

5.8

(4.8–7.1)

69.0

(65.0–72.7)

68.9

(64.9–72.5)

69.1

(66.4–71.7)

Seattle, WA

4.0

(2.6–6.3)

5.4

(4.1–7.2)

4.9

(3.9–6.2)

67.0

(63.5–70.4)

68.9

(64.3–73.2)

67.8

(64.8–70.7)

Median

7.8

10.2

8.8

54.5

57.2

55.1

Range

4.0–12.2

5.4–14.0

4.9–12.5

44.8–69.0

47.1–68.9

45.9–69.1

* Green salad, potatoes (excluding French fries, fried potatoes, or potato chips), carrots, or other vegetables.

During the 7 days before the survey.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Not available.


TABLE 82. Percentage of high school students who ate vegetables, by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Ate vegetables two or more times/day*,†

Ate vegetables three or more times/day*,†

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White

27.2

(25.5–29.0)

30.9

(28.6–33.2)

29.1

(27.5–30.8)

13.3

(12.1–14.6)

15.5

(13.6–17.6)

14.4

(13.2–15.7)

Black

23.2

(20.0–26.7)

26.7

(22.9–30.9)

24.9

(22.2–27.9)

14.2

(11.4–17.6)

17.3

(14.2–20.9)

15.8

(13.3–18.5)

Hispanic

23.8

(21.2–26.6)

29.7

(26.8–32.7)

26.8

(24.6–29.2)

13.7

(11.9–15.6)

18.1

(16.0–20.4)

16.0

(14.6–17.5)

Grade

9

26.5

(23.8–29.4)

30.6

(28.1–33.2)

28.6

(26.6–30.8)

14.1

(12.6–15.8)

18.3

(15.5–21.5)

16.3

(14.5–18.2)

10

25.3

(22.6–28.1)

30.0

(26.7–33.6)

27.7

(25.4–30.2)

13.8

(11.9–15.9)

15.5

(13.4–17.9)

14.7

(13.2–16.3)

11

28.4

(25.8–31.1)

28.1

(25.5–30.9)

28.3

(26.3–30.4)

14.2

(11.9–16.8)

15.3

(13.3–17.5)

14.7

(13.0–16.6)

12

24.3

(21.5–27.4)

31.4

(28.7–34.1)

27.9

(25.6–30.4)

13.3

(10.9–16.1)

16.7

(14.5–19.3)

15.1

(13.3–17.1)

Total

26.1

(24.6–27.7)

30.2

(28.6–31.9)

28.3

(26.9–29.7)

13.9

(12.9–14.8)

16.6

(15.2–18.1)

15.3

(14.3–16.4)

* Green salad, potatoes (excluding French fries, fried potatoes, or potato chips), carrots, or other vegetables.

During the 7 days before the survey.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 83. Percentage of high school students who ate vegetables, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Ate vegetables two or more times/day*,†

Ate vegetables three or more times/day*,†

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

19.8

(16.3–23.9)

26.7

(23.6–30.1)

23.4

(21.3–25.7)

9.8

(7.4–12.8)

18.2

(14.9–22.0)

14.2

(12.2–16.4)

Alaska

28.9

(24.6–33.6)

30.9

(26.5–35.6)

29.9

(26.4–33.7)

14.7

(11.8–18.1)

15.5

(12.8–18.6)

15.1

(12.9–17.7)

Arizona

Arkansas

21.5

(18.6–24.8)

26.5

(21.8–31.8)

24.1

(21.4–27.0)

11.2

(8.2–15.2)

13.4

(10.5–16.8)

12.4

(10.5–14.5)

Colorado

Connecticut

30.3

(27.3–33.5)

26.3

(22.9–30.1)

28.3

(25.8–31.0)

10.9

(8.7–13.5)

11.3

(8.8–14.4)

11.1

(9.2–13.4)

Delaware

Florida

25.3

(23.5–27.2)

28.1

(26.4–29.8)

26.7

(25.6–27.9)

13.2

(12.1–14.5)

16.5

(15.1–18.0)

14.9

(14.2–15.7)

Georgia

22.9

(19.9–26.1)

26.7

(23.5–30.2)

24.8

(22.4–27.4)

11.5

(9.2–14.2)

14.9

(12.4–17.9)

13.3

(11.6–15.2)

Hawaii

24.8

(22.2–27.5)

29.1

(25.2–33.3)

27.1

(24.4–29.9)

11.9

(9.8–14.3)

15.9

(13.4–18.6)

13.9

(12.3–15.8)

Idaho

27.1

(24.4–30.1)

31.3

(27.2–35.6)

29.2

(26.4–32.2)

12.6

(9.9–16.0)

14.4

(11.6–17.8)

13.5

(11.2–16.2)

Illinois

23.0

(18.9–27.7)

23.9

(21.8–26.1)

23.5

(20.7–26.5)

10.7

(8.8–12.8)

11.9

(9.9–14.2)

11.4

(9.8–13.2)

Indiana

20.7

(18.5–23.1)

22.9

(19.5–26.8)

21.8

(20.2–23.6)

7.8

(6.6–9.3)

10.2

(8.3–12.4)

9.0

(7.9–10.3)

Iowa

26.4

(22.6–30.5)

28.9

(25.6–32.4)

27.7

(24.7–30.9)

10.8

(8.1–14.2)

15.6

(12.8–18.9)

13.2

(11.0–15.8)

Kansas

28.0

(24.3–32.0)

27.7

(24.3–31.3)

28.0

(25.0–31.2)

11.6

(9.8–13.7)

13.1

(11.0–15.5)

12.4

(10.8–14.1)

Kentucky

24.5

(20.4–29.1)

26.3

(23.1–29.8)

25.4

(22.1–29.0)

11.9

(8.3–16.6)

12.8

(10.4–15.7)

12.3

(9.7–15.5)

Louisiana

18.4

(14.6–22.9)

19.1

(14.8–24.4)

19.0

(16.2–22.0)

11.6

(8.4–15.9)

11.4

(8.8–14.7)

11.7

(10.0–13.7)

Maine

Maryland

26.9

(24.0–29.9)

31.6

(28.9–34.4)

29.4

(27.5–31.3)

13.8

(11.5–16.6)

16.6

(14.0–19.6)

15.3

(13.7–17.1)

Massachusetts

Michigan

26.6

(23.4–30.0)

26.6

(24.2–29.2)

26.6

(24.3–29.0)

11.8

(10.0–14.0)

13.3

(11.5–15.4)

12.6

(11.0–14.4)

Mississippi

23.1

(19.9–26.6)

33.9

(30.2–37.9)

28.5

(26.6–30.6)

12.0

(9.8–14.5)

21.2

(17.7–25.2)

16.6

(15.1–18.3)

Montana

26.9

(23.9–30.2)

30.0

(27.6–32.6)

28.5

(26.2–30.9)

9.8

(8.5–11.3)

13.8

(12.3–15.5)

11.9

(10.7–13.1)

Nebraska

25.3

(23.3–27.5)

27.5

(25.3–29.8)

26.5

(24.9–28.1)

11.7

(10.2–13.4)

12.4

(10.7–14.3)

12.2

(11.0–13.4)

New Hampshire

32.2

(28.0–36.7)

29.7

(26.3–33.4)

31.0

(28.3–33.7)

14.4

(11.1–18.5)

16.4

(13.6–19.6)

15.5

(13.4–17.9)

New Jersey

28.0

(24.7–31.5)

27.6

(23.4–32.2)

28.0

(25.1–31.0)

12.6

(10.4–15.1)

13.4

(10.3–17.1)

13.1

(11.2–15.3)

New Mexico

28.6

(26.4–30.9)

33.6

(30.6–36.8)

31.2

(28.9–33.6)

15.6

(14.0–17.3)

20.6

(18.6–22.7)

18.1

(16.7–19.7)

New York

North Carolina

22.7

(19.5–26.4)

28.6

(24.8–32.8)

25.7

(22.9–28.8)

10.5

(8.6–12.8)

16.0

(13.1–19.4)

13.3

(11.4–15.4)

North Dakota

22.7

(19.5–26.1)

22.7

(19.9–25.7)

22.8

(20.6–25.2)

10.1

(7.4–13.5)

11.3

(9.2–13.9)

10.8

(8.9–13.2)

Ohio

21.4

(18.3–25.0)

25.2

(21.4–29.4)

23.4

(20.7–26.3)

10.6

(8.3–13.3)

11.9

(9.3–15.1)

11.2

(9.2–13.4)

Oklahoma

22.7

(18.6–27.5)

30.8

(26.9–35.0)

26.6

(23.7–29.8)

10.0

(6.9–14.2)

18.5

(15.5–21.8)

14.1

(11.8–16.9)

Rhode Island

30.6

(26.2–35.4)

28.5

(26.5–30.7)

29.6

(26.8–32.6)

14.5

(12.3–17.1)

13.7

(12.5–15.0)

14.1

(12.8–15.5)

South Carolina

21.8

(19.2–24.6)

21.9

(18.9–25.2)

22.1

(20.0–24.3)

11.8

(9.7–14.3)

11.1

(8.8–14.0)

11.7

(9.9–13.9)

South Dakota

25.8

(22.2–29.7)

23.0

(20.1–26.2)

24.3

(21.7–27.1)

9.7

(7.7–12.2)

12.9

(10.6–15.6)

11.3

(9.8–13.1)

Tennessee

22.8

(20.1–25.8)

27.1

(23.9–30.5)

25.0

(22.9–27.3)

10.7

(9.3–12.3)

15.6

(13.8–17.6)

13.2

(12.0–14.6)

Texas

19.9

(17.8–22.2)

22.6

(20.7–24.6)

21.4

(20.0–22.8)

9.3

(7.8–11.0)

11.8

(10.1–13.8)

10.7

(9.3–12.2)

Utah

29.0

(24.9–33.4)

30.1

(26.4–34.0)

29.6

(26.3–33.0)

14.3

(11.1–18.1)

16.2

(13.1–19.9)

15.3

(12.9–18.1)

Vermont

37.8

(34.3–41.3)

36.0

(33.4–38.6)

36.8

(34.1–39.6)

15.9

(14.1–17.9)

17.6

(16.2–19.1)

16.9

(15.9–17.9)

Virginia

24.9

(21.0–29.1)

24.8

(19.2–31.5)

24.8

(20.8–29.4)

11.4

(9.3–13.8)

12.5

(8.9–17.3)

12.0

(9.6–14.9)

West Virginia

31.1

(23.9–39.3)

34.7

(29.6–40.2)

33.0

(27.1–39.6)

17.8

(12.1–25.4)

19.6

(15.6–24.3)

18.7

(14.2–24.3)

Wisconsin

24.8

(22.2–27.7)

27.8

(24.4–31.4)

26.4

(23.8–29.1)

11.0

(8.9–13.4)

14.4

(12.2–16.9)

12.7

(11.0–14.7)

Wyoming

31.5

(28.6–34.6)

36.4

(33.9–39.1)

33.9

(32.2–35.8)

14.4

(12.5–16.5)

20.5

(18.1–23.1)

17.5

(15.9–19.1)

Median

25.3

27.7

26.6

11.6

14.4

13.2

Range

18.4–37.8

19.1–36.4

19.0–36.8

7.8–17.8

10.2–21.2

9.0–18.7


TABLE 83. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who ate vegetables, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Ate vegetables two or more times/day*,†

Ate vegetables three or more times/day*,†

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

16.1

(13.1–19.6)

24.6

(19.8–30.1)

20.1

(17.4–23.0)

7.8

(5.1–11.6)

16.0

(12.2–20.7)

11.6

(9.5–14.2)

Broward County, FL

25.9

(22.7–29.4)

31.5

(28.5–34.8)

29.0

(26.6–31.5)

13.7

(11.2–16.6)

17.1

(14.7–19.7)

15.5

(13.7–17.4)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

25.1

(22.0–28.4)

27.7

(24.6–30.9)

26.5

(24.3–28.9)

13.5

(10.9–16.6)

12.8

(10.7–15.2)

13.4

(11.6–15.3)

Chicago, IL

21.3

(17.8–25.3)

23.2

(20.2–26.5)

22.2

(19.4–25.3)

13.1

(10.5–16.3)

14.9

(12.5–17.7)

14.1

(11.9–16.5)

Dallas, TX

19.0

(16.3–22.0)

19.7

(16.2–23.8)

19.3

(16.8–22.0)

9.9

(7.9–12.4)

10.6

(8.0–13.8)

10.2

(8.5–12.2)

Detroit, MI

19.1

(15.9–22.7)

30.7

(26.4–35.5)

24.6

(21.8–27.7)

8.1

(6.2–10.5)

10.2

(8.1–12.7)

9.1

(7.7–10.8)

District of Columbia

25.4

(22.1–29.0)

28.8

(24.3–33.8)

27.0

(23.9–30.2)

15.9

(13.1–19.2)

15.8

(12.9–19.2)

15.8

(13.8–18.1)

Duval County, FL

22.2

(20.0–24.7)

26.6

(23.8–29.6)

24.4

(22.6–26.4)

11.3

(9.8–13.1)

14.3

(12.2–16.7)

12.9

(11.5–14.4)

Houston, TX

23.6

(20.6–26.9)

25.6

(22.2–29.3)

24.8

(22.4–27.3)

12.0

(10.1–14.1)

14.9

(12.5–17.7)

13.5

(12.1–15.2)

Los Angeles, CA

21.4

(17.0–26.5)

24.1

(19.5–29.4)

22.9

(18.7–27.7)

12.0

(9.3–15.5)

13.4

(10.4–17.1)

12.9

(10.5–15.8)

Memphis, TN

19.6

(16.3–23.5)

27.7

(24.5–31.3)

23.7

(21.3–26.3)

10.7

(8.3–13.8)

18.2

(15.5–21.3)

14.5

(12.5–16.8)

Miami-Dade County, FL

25.2

(21.7–29.1)

28.3

(25.6–31.1)

26.8

(24.7–29.0)

16.1

(13.3–19.3)

18.3

(16.1–20.8)

17.3

(15.6–19.2)

Milwaukee, WI

New York City, NY

Orange County, FL

23.7

(20.5–27.2)

29.2

(25.0–33.8)

26.5

(23.8–29.4)

12.9

(10.5–15.7)

18.5

(14.7–23.0)

15.8

(13.5–18.5)

Palm Beach County, FL

31.4

(28.4–34.6)

29.3

(26.4–32.3)

30.5

(28.3–32.8)

17.9

(15.4–20.7)

18.9

(16.1–22.1)

18.5

(16.5–20.7)

Philadelphia, PA

21.8

(18.4–25.6)

19.1

(15.6–23.3)

20.8

(18.1–23.8)

13.5

(11.2–16.2)

10.6

(7.9–14.0)

12.3

(10.4–14.4)

San Bernardino, CA

26.8

(22.9–31.1)

30.6

(26.9–34.5)

28.6

(25.7–31.7)

14.4

(11.9–17.2)

18.7

(15.4–22.4)

16.5

(14.3–19.0)

San Diego, CA

26.3

(22.3–30.8)

24.9

(21.6–28.6)

25.6

(23.0–28.4)

13.5

(10.9–16.7)

12.6

(10.0–15.7)

13.0

(11.2–15.2)

San Francisco, CA

34.5

(31.4–37.8)

34.8

(31.5–38.2)

34.9

(32.6–37.2)

18.1

(15.6–20.9)

17.9

(15.2–21.0)

18.4

(16.7–20.4)

Seattle, WA

32.1

(28.7–35.8)

35.6

(32.1–39.3)

34.1

(31.5–36.8)

14.1

(11.9–16.6)

16.7

(14.2–19.6)

15.6

(13.8–17.6)

Median

23.7

27.7

25.6

13.5

15.8

14.1

Range

16.1–34.5

19.1–35.6

19.3–34.9

7.8–18.1

10.2–18.9

9.1–18.5

* Green salad, potatoes (excluding French fries, fried potatoes, or potato chips), carrots, or other vegetables.

During the 7 days before the survey.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Not available.


TABLE 84. Percentage of high school students who did not drink milk* and who drank one or more glasses/day of milk,* by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Did not drink milk

Drank one or more glasses/day of milk

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White§

19.6

(17.3–22.2)

9.7

(8.3–11.4)

14.5

(12.9–16.4)

39.0

(36.0–42.1)

58.1

(55.8–60.4)

48.8

(46.5–51.2)

Black§

38.6

(35.5–41.8)

21.8

(17.7–26.4)

30.4

(27.4–33.7)

20.0

(16.4–24.3)

38.5

(34.9–42.3)

29.0

(25.8–32.4)

Hispanic

21.9

(18.8–25.3)

12.3

(10.4–14.6)

16.9

(14.8–19.3)

33.6

(29.9–37.5)

47.3

(43.7–50.9)

40.7

(37.4–44.0)

Grade

9

20.3

(17.8–23.0)

10.6

(8.4–13.3)

15.4

(13.5–17.5)

36.5

(33.3–39.9)

56.9

(54.4–59.4)

46.8

(44.3–49.4)

10

21.2

(18.0–24.8)

11.3

(8.9–14.2)

16.1

(13.6–18.9)

39.0

(35.4–42.8)

54.5

(50.8–58.3)

47.1

(43.7–50.5)

11

24.4

(21.5–27.6)

13.4

(11.9–14.9)

18.8

(16.9–20.8)

32.3

(29.3–35.4)

52.4

(49.0–55.8)

42.5

(40.0–45.1)

12

26.9

(23.1–31.0)

12.0

(10.0–14.4)

19.3

(16.9–21.9)

30.8

(26.9–35.1)

49.0

(45.2–52.9)

40.2

(36.9–43.5)

Total

23.0

(21.1–25.1)

11.8

(10.4–13.5)

17.3

(15.7–19.0)

34.8

(32.4–37.3)

53.4

(51.1–55.6)

44.4

(42.1–46.7)

* During the 7 days before the survey.

95% confidence interval.

§ Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 85. Percentage of high school students who drank milk, by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Drank two or more glasses/day of milk*

Drank three or more glasses/day of milk*

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White§

24.5

(21.6–27.7)

42.2

(39.8–44.7)

33.6

(31.2–36.2)

9.9

(8.3–11.8)

22.9

(20.1–25.9)

16.6

(14.7–18.6)

Black§

10.4

(8.5–12.6)

25.5

(22.3–29.0)

17.7

(15.5–20.2)

6.3

(4.6–8.5)

13.0

(10.9–15.4)

9.5

(8.3–11.0)

Hispanic

20.9

(17.6–24.6)

32.6

(29.5–35.7)

27.0

(24.2–30.0)

9.9

(8.1–12.0)

16.6

(13.8–19.8)

13.4

(11.3–15.7)

Grade

9

24.6

(21.8–27.6)

41.1

(37.8–44.5)

32.9

(30.0–35.9)

11.8

(9.6–14.5)

22.5

(19.4–25.9)

17.2

(14.8–19.9)

10

24.5

(20.8–28.5)

39.5

(36.0–43.1)

32.3

(29.0–35.7)

11.0

(9.3–13.0)

21.0

(17.8–24.5)

16.2

(14.4–18.2)

11

18.8

(16.2–21.8)

35.7

(32.8–38.8)

27.4

(25.2–29.8)

7.4

(5.8–9.4)

17.2

(15.4–19.2)

12.4

(11.1–13.8)

12

17.8

(14.6–21.6)

33.4

(29.8–37.2)

25.8

(22.9–29.0)

6.5

(4.6–8.9)

18.4

(15.1–22.2)

12.6

(10.5–15.0)

Total

21.6

(19.4–24.0)

37.6

(35.3–40.0)

29.9

(27.7–32.3)

9.3

(8.2–10.6)

20.0

(18.0–22.1)

14.9

(13.4–16.5)

* During the 7 days before the survey.

95% confidence interval.

§ Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 86. Percentage of high school students who did not drink soda or pop*,† and who drank soda or pop one or more times/day,*,† by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Did not drink soda or pop

Drank soda or pop one or more times/day

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White

25.9

(22.8–29.3)

17.6

(15.9–19.4)

21.6

(19.8–23.6)

23.2

(19.7–27.1)

34.0

(30.9–37.2)

28.8

(25.7–32.0)

Black

18.5

(15.1–22.5)

19.0

(16.6–21.6)

18.8

(16.7–21.0)

25.6

(21.0–30.8)

30.4

(26.9–34.2)

28.0

(24.7–31.5)

Hispanic

20.8

(18.4–23.5)

18.3

(15.5–21.4)

19.5

(17.5–21.7)

26.0

(23.0–29.2)

28.0

(24.3–31.9)

27.0

(24.2–30.0)

Grade

9

19.3

(16.5–22.4)

16.0

(13.9–18.3)

17.6

(15.6–19.8)

26.4

(22.6–30.6)

32.8

(29.4–36.4)

29.7

(26.7–32.9)

10

22.9

(19.4–26.8)

17.9

(16.1–19.8)

20.3

(18.3–22.5)

24.7

(20.9–29.0)

29.6

(26.2–33.2)

27.3

(24.3–30.5)

11

26.9

(23.0–31.3)

20.0

(17.9–22.3)

23.4

(21.0–26.0)

21.2

(18.2–24.6)

31.7

(28.2–35.4)

26.6

(23.8–29.6)

12

26.2

(23.8–28.8)

20.5

(18.1–23.2)

23.3

(21.5–25.3)

22.7

(19.3–26.4)

31.2

(28.0–34.6)

27.0

(24.2–29.9)

Total

23.6

(21.3–26.0)

18.4

(17.1–19.9)

20.9

(19.5–22.4)

24.0

(21.4–26.7)

31.4

(29.1–33.8)

27.8

(25.6–30.1)

* A can, bottle, or glass of soda or pop, not counting diet soda or diet pop.

During the 7 days before the survey.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 87. Percentage of high school students who did not drink soda or pop*,† and who drank soda or pop one or more times/day,*,† by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Did not drink soda or pop

Drank soda or pop one or more times/day

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

15.1

(10.5–21.3)

15.4

(12.3–19.1)

15.2

(12.3–18.8)

39.0

(33.3–45.1)

42.5

(36.9–48.3)

40.9

(35.9–46.1)

Alaska

28.7

(24.6–33.2)

21.0

(17.3–25.2)

24.7

(21.5–28.4)

11.9

(9.2–15.3)

23.0

(19.3–27.2)

17.6

(15.0–20.6)

Arizona

28.7

(24.7–33.1)

19.4

(16.2–23.1)

24.2

(20.9–27.9)

17.6

(15.1–20.3)

30.9

(27.2–34.8)

24.1

(21.3–27.0)

Arkansas

16.6

(13.4–20.4)

19.2

(16.3–22.4)

17.9

(16.2–19.8)

34.6

(29.7–39.8)

34.9

(30.2–39.8)

34.7

(31.8–37.8)

Colorado

27.2

(22.4–32.7)

21.8

(17.3–27.0)

24.2

(20.4–28.3)

17.9

(14.5–22.0)

26.8

(22.7–31.4)

23.0

(20.0–26.3)

Connecticut

Delaware

21.9

(19.3–24.8)

20.7

(17.8–24.0)

21.6

(19.5–23.8)

22.5

(19.6–25.7)

29.8

(26.8–32.9)

26.1

(23.7–28.5)

Florida

24.3

(22.1–26.6)

20.5

(19.1–22.0)

22.4

(20.9–23.9)

22.6

(20.6–24.7)

29.3

(27.5–31.2)

26.0

(24.4–27.7)

Georgia

18.1

(15.2–21.5)

18.0

(15.1–21.2)

18.1

(16.1–20.4)

24.9

(21.6–28.5)

31.6

(27.5–36.0)

28.2

(26.0–30.6)

Hawaii

27.1

(23.7–30.7)

19.1

(16.6–21.8)

23.1

(20.7–25.8)

14.1

(11.9–16.6)

21.1

(18.7–23.6)

17.5

(15.6–19.6)

Idaho

32.5

(28.8–36.4)

22.4

(19.3–25.9)

27.3

(24.2–30.5)

12.0

(9.6–15.0)

23.4

(19.7–27.5)

17.9

(15.1–21.0)

Illinois

24.5

(20.7–28.8)

19.1

(16.7–21.7)

21.8

(19.1–24.8)

22.5

(18.7–26.8)

29.6

(26.5–32.9)

26.1

(23.5–28.8)

Indiana

23.0

(19.8–26.4)

20.3

(17.5–23.4)

21.6

(18.9–24.5)

23.7

(20.1–27.8)

32.9

(27.5–38.8)

28.5

(24.8–32.4)

Iowa

22.2

(18.4–26.6)

17.2

(14.3–20.5)

19.7

(17.1–22.5)

21.2

(17.3–25.7)

34.8

(30.5–39.4)

28.1

(24.7–31.8)

Kansas

27.2

(23.7–31.0)

22.0

(19.3–25.1)

24.6

(22.4–27.0)

19.6

(16.6–23.1)

26.5

(23.5–29.7)

23.1

(20.5–26.0)

Kentucky

17.8

(14.1–22.1)

17.5

(15.4–19.9)

17.6

(15.5–20.0)

35.7

(29.4–42.6)

37.1

(33.0–41.4)

36.4

(32.2–40.8)

Louisiana

13.0

(9.6–17.4)

16.6

(11.9–22.8)

14.7

(11.7–18.4)

43.1

(31.9–55.1)

37.1

(30.4–44.2)

40.1

(32.0–48.8)

Maine

Maryland

23.3

(19.9–27.1)

22.4

(18.3–27.0)

22.8

(19.6–26.4)

22.5

(18.0–27.8)

27.1

(23.8–30.8)

24.9

(21.7–28.4)

Massachusetts

30.6

(26.4–35.2)

19.3

(17.3–21.5)

24.9

(22.4–27.7)

13.5

(11.6–15.8)

23.1

(19.9–26.5)

18.3

(16.0–20.9)

Michigan

26.6

(24.2–29.1)

18.4

(16.6–20.4)

22.4

(20.8–24.1)

18.9

(16.7–21.3)

28.1

(25.0–31.5)

23.6

(21.2–26.2)

Mississippi

13.9

(10.9–17.5)

14.6

(11.2–18.9)

14.3

(12.0–16.9)

37.8

(34.6–41.1)

43.4

(39.1–47.9)

40.5

(37.9–43.2)

Montana

23.9

(21.9–25.9)

14.9

(12.9–17.2)

19.3

(17.8–20.8)

16.7

(14.5–19.1)

29.7

(27.2–32.3)

23.4

(21.6–25.3)

Nebraska

21.4

(19.3–23.7)

16.1

(14.2–18.2)

18.7

(17.2–20.3)

22.5

(20.2–24.9)

29.7

(27.5–32.0)

26.2

(24.6–27.9)

New Hampshire

New Jersey

31.4

(27.7–35.3)

25.3

(20.1–31.3)

28.2

(24.3–32.5)

15.1

(12.0–18.7)

21.6

(18.2–25.4)

18.5

(16.3–21.0)

New Mexico

20.9

(19.1–22.8)

17.4

(15.9–19.0)

19.1

(18.0–20.3)

23.6

(21.5–25.7)

32.1

(29.8–34.4)

27.9

(26.7–29.1)

New York

29.9

(26.3–33.7)

24.2

(21.4–27.2)

27.0

(24.3–29.8)

19.1

(16.8–21.8)

23.5

(21.5–25.6)

21.4

(19.7–23.1)

North Carolina

23.4

(18.8–28.7)

18.7

(16.1–21.6)

21.1

(18.2–24.3)

26.3

(21.8–31.3)

34.5

(30.0–39.3)

30.4

(27.1–34.0)

North Dakota

27.3

(24.1–30.7)

13.9

(11.5–16.7)

20.4

(18.5–22.5)

19.3

(16.0–23.2)

34.0

(30.1–38.1)

26.8

(24.2–29.6)

Ohio

24.8

(20.8–29.4)

20.6

(16.9–24.8)

22.7

(19.8–25.8)

21.9

(16.8–28.2)

28.3

(24.1–32.9)

25.2

(21.6–29.2)

Oklahoma

15.0

(11.8–18.8)

14.0

(10.9–17.8)

14.5

(12.1–17.3)

31.7

(27.0–36.7)

39.7

(35.6–44.0)

35.7

(32.1–39.4)

Rhode Island

28.8

(24.1–33.9)

17.9

(14.8–21.5)

23.4

(20.4–26.6)

15.3

(13.0–17.9)

25.2

(22.6–27.9)

20.2

(18.5–21.9)

South Carolina

17.1

(13.9–20.9)

17.7

(14.9–21.0)

17.5

(15.0–20.3)

30.9

(26.0–36.2)

35.0

(30.9–39.3)

33.0

(29.1–37.1)

South Dakota

22.7

(18.8–27.1)

14.9

(12.2–18.0)

18.7

(16.1–21.6)

20.1

(16.0–24.9)

36.5

(31.6–41.7)

28.4

(24.3–32.9)

Tennessee

15.4

(12.7–18.7)

16.6

(14.1–19.3)

16.0

(14.1–18.2)

37.5

(33.6–41.6)

42.8

(38.9–46.8)

40.2

(37.0–43.5)

Texas

20.9

(19.1–22.7)

17.9

(15.8–20.2)

19.3

(17.9–20.9)

25.5

(22.5–28.7)

32.3

(28.8–36.0)

29.0

(26.4–31.7)

Utah

39.3

(34.7–44.1)

26.7

(24.0–29.6)

32.9

(30.1–35.8)

10.6

(8.6–12.9)

17.9

(15.4–20.8)

14.3

(12.4–16.4)

Vermont

36.4

(31.6–41.6)

21.9

(19.5–24.5)

29.0

(25.4–32.8)

10.0

(8.0–12.5)

21.8

(17.9–26.4)

16.1

(13.2–19.6)

Virginia

22.8

(18.1–28.3)

18.6

(15.0–22.9)

20.6

(17.0–24.7)

22.9

(17.8–29.0)

25.8

(22.0–30.0)

24.3

(20.3–28.8)

West Virginia

22.3

(17.7–27.6)

17.5

(14.0–21.8)

19.8

(17.0–23.0)

35.6

(30.0–41.6)

42.6

(37.3–48.0)

39.1

(34.5–44.0)

Wisconsin

26.1

(22.8–29.6)

17.6

(15.5–19.9)

21.8

(19.4–24.3)

17.1

(14.3–20.3)

28.7

(25.8–31.8)

23.1

(20.8–25.4)

Wyoming

24.5

(21.7–27.6)

18.5

(16.1–21.2)

21.6

(19.6–23.6)

20.9

(17.9–24.2)

31.0

(27.9–34.2)

25.9

(23.4–28.5)

Median

23.6

18.5

21.6

22.2

29.7

26.0

Range

13.0–39.3

13.9–26.7

14.3–32.9

10.0–43.1

17.9–43.4

14.3–40.9


TABLE 87. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who did not drink soda or pop*,† and who drank soda or pop one or more times/day,*,† by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Did not drink soda or pop

Drank soda or pop one or more times/day

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

19.4

(14.6–25.3)

17.6

(13.5–22.6)

18.6

(15.4–22.2)

19.7

(15.3–25.0)

28.6

(23.2–34.7)

24.0

(20.0–28.6)

Broward County, FL

26.3

(23.3–29.5)

22.0

(18.7–25.7)

24.2

(22.1–26.5)

23.1

(20.0–26.4)

25.6

(22.6–28.9)

24.4

(22.1–26.8)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

Chicago, IL

14.9

(12.2–18.1)

20.7

(18.0–23.6)

17.9

(15.7–20.3)

28.8

(26.0–31.8)

30.1

(25.7–34.9)

29.4

(26.9–32.0)

Dallas, TX

17.4

(13.8–21.7)

14.4

(11.6–17.8)

16.0

(13.8–18.6)

22.3

(18.5–26.6)

31.9

(26.1–38.2)

27.0

(23.4–31.0)

Detroit, MI

21.3

(18.1–24.9)

18.9

(15.6–22.7)

20.1

(17.7–22.8)

19.7

(16.7–23.1)

23.3

(19.4–27.7)

21.4

(18.7–24.4)

District of Columbia

25.3

(21.6–29.4)

20.8

(17.4–24.7)

23.5

(20.8–26.5)

24.2

(21.0–27.6)

23.8

(19.7–28.3)

23.9

(21.3–26.7)

Duval County, FL

20.2

(18.0–22.7)

21.7

(19.2–24.3)

20.9

(19.2–22.8)

24.4

(21.7–27.2)

27.8

(25.5–30.3)

26.1

(24.2–28.1)

Houston, TX

20.2

(17.0–23.8)

20.0

(17.0–23.5)

20.1

(17.7–22.6)

25.3

(21.9–28.9)

28.0

(25.2–31.0)

26.6

(24.6–28.7)

Los Angeles, CA

25.7

(22.4–29.3)

18.9

(15.4–22.9)

22.1

(19.4–25.0)

17.3

(14.5–20.6)

24.8

(20.7–29.5)

21.3

(18.3–24.7)

Memphis, TN

12.8

(10.6–15.3)

13.9

(11.4–16.9)

13.4

(11.5–15.4)

37.0

(33.5–40.8)

40.8

(36.7–45.1)

38.9

(36.1–41.9)

Miami-Dade County, FL

24.6

(21.2–28.3)

21.4

(18.7–24.4)

23.3

(20.8–26.0)

23.1

(20.1–26.4)

29.9

(26.4–33.6)

26.4

(24.0–28.9)

Milwaukee, WI

21.4

(18.7–24.5)

20.2

(16.8–24.1)

20.8

(18.4–23.5)

27.7

(24.3–31.5)

26.5

(23.5–29.7)

27.1

(24.9–29.5)

New York City, NY

26.7

(23.8–29.8)

25.4

(23.0–28.0)

26.1

(23.9–28.6)

18.5

(16.7–20.6)

23.5

(20.9–26.3)

20.9

(19.0–23.1)

Orange County, FL

26.0

(22.8–29.4)

17.4

(14.2–21.2)

21.8

(19.2–24.7)

19.2

(15.9–23.1)

26.5

(23.5–29.8)

22.8

(20.6–25.3)

Palm Beach County, FL

24.2

(21.7–26.9)

22.8

(19.7–26.3)

23.5

(21.6–25.6)

22.2

(19.4–25.2)

26.9

(24.0–29.9)

24.6

(22.3–27.1)

Philadelphia, PA

20.9

(17.9–24.3)

19.6

(16.2–23.7)

20.2

(18.0–22.7)

23.7

(20.7–27.0)

26.3

(22.0–31.0)

25.0

(22.3–27.9)

San Bernardino, CA

20.8

(17.6–24.5)

15.0

(12.0–18.6)

17.9

(15.8–20.2)

26.7

(23.3–30.3)

35.0

(30.3–39.9)

30.8

(27.6–34.1)

San Diego, CA

24.6

(21.9–27.4)

19.8

(17.1–22.9)

22.2

(20.1–24.6)

14.0

(11.5–17.1)

22.0

(18.3–26.3)

18.1

(15.4–21.2)

San Francisco, CA

Seattle, WA

37.1

(33.5–40.9)

27.4

(24.5–30.4)

32.2

(29.9–34.6)

9.4

(7.5–11.8)

15.5

(13.0–18.3)

12.7

(11.1–14.4)

Median

21.4

20.0

20.9

23.1

26.5

24.6

Range

12.8–37.1

13.9–27.4

13.4–32.2

9.4–37.0

15.5–40.8

12.7–38.9

* A can, bottle, or glass of soda or pop, not counting diet soda or diet pop.

During the 7 days before the survey.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Not available.


TABLE 88. Percentage of high school students who drank soda or pop, by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Drank soda or pop two or more times/day*,†

Drank soda or pop three or more times/day*,†

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White

14.8

(11.8–18.5)

22.9

(19.6–26.7)

19.0

(16.1–22.3)

8.1

(6.3–10.5)

13.2

(10.7–16.2)

10.7

(8.7–13.2)

Black

21.1

(17.1–25.8)

23.4

(20.5–26.6)

22.2

(19.4–25.3)

13.0

(10.1–16.6)

16.2

(13.6–19.2)

14.6

(12.4–17.1)

Hispanic

16.8

(14.7–19.2)

19.0

(16.3–21.9)

18.0

(15.9–20.2)

9.3

(7.9–11.0)

11.8

(9.9–13.9)

10.6

(9.4–12.0)

Grade

9

17.8

(14.9–21.2)

22.6

(19.5–26.2)

20.3

(17.7–23.2)

10.7

(8.5–13.2)

14.2

(11.5–17.5)

12.5

(10.4–14.9)

10

17.6

(14.3–21.4)

19.7

(16.4–23.6)

18.7

(15.8–21.9)

10.3

(8.2–12.8)

12.4

(10.0–15.4)

11.4

(9.4–13.7)

11

13.4

(11.0–16.2)

22.1

(19.0–25.7)

17.8

(15.4–20.5)

7.5

(5.9–9.5)

13.1

(11.3–15.0)

10.3

(8.9–11.9)

12

14.9

(12.5–17.8)

22.5

(19.5–25.9)

18.8

(16.5–21.3)

8.1

(6.5–10.0)

12.9

(10.6–15.4)

10.5

(9.0–12.2)

Total

16.1

(13.9–18.6)

21.8

(19.4–24.4)

19.0

(16.9–21.3)

9.3

(7.9–10.9)

13.2

(11.5–15.2)

11.3

(9.9–12.9)

* A can, bottle, or glass of soda or pop, not counting diet soda or diet pop.

During the 7 days before the survey.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 89. Percentage of high school students who drank soda or pop, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Drank soda or pop two or more times/day*,†

Drank soda or pop three or more times/day*,†

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

29.0

(23.4–35.2)

33.9

(29.0–39.1)

31.6

(26.8–36.8)

14.8

(11.1–19.5)

23.8

(20.0–28.1)

19.5

(16.3–23.3)

Alaska

6.9

(5.0–9.4)

13.8

(10.9–17.4)

10.4

(8.5–12.8)

2.9

(1.8–4.7)

8.0

(5.7–11.0)

5.5

(4.2–7.2)

Arizona

11.2

(9.2–13.5)

20.8

(17.5–24.5)

15.9

(13.3–18.8)

6.3

(5.1–7.9)

10.3

(7.6–13.8)

8.3

(6.6–10.3)

Arkansas

23.9

(19.3–29.2)

25.7

(22.9–28.8)

24.8

(22.3–27.5)

12.2

(9.1–16.1)

16.3

(13.1–20.0)

14.3

(12.0–16.9)

Colorado

8.6

(6.7–11.0)

17.0

(14.0–20.4)

13.3

(11.3–15.5)

3.6

(2.4–5.5)

9.7

(7.3–12.9)

7.1

(5.8–8.8)

Connecticut

Delaware

15.2

(12.5–18.3)

23.3

(20.5–26.4)

19.1

(17.0–21.3)

10.5

(8.3–13.2)

14.1

(11.9–16.7)

12.2

(10.5–14.0)

Florida

14.3

(12.8–16.0)

20.8

(19.1–22.7)

17.7

(16.3–19.1)

7.9

(7.0–9.0)

12.1

(10.6–13.7)

10.1

(9.1–11.1)

Georgia

16.9

(13.9–20.4)

23.9

(20.1–28.2)

20.4

(18.0–23.1)

10.1

(8.1–12.4)

14.9

(12.4–17.8)

12.5

(11.1–14.1)

Hawaii

8.8

(7.2–10.7)

13.5

(11.3–16.1)

11.1

(9.8–12.7)

4.1

(2.8–5.9)

8.0

(6.2–10.3)

6.0

(4.9–7.4)

Idaho

6.7

(5.1–8.7)

13.8

(10.9–17.3)

10.4

(8.4–12.8)

2.7

(1.6–4.5)

6.2

(4.5–8.6)

4.5

(3.3–6.0)

Illinois

13.6

(11.2–16.4)

21.4

(18.1–25.1)

17.5

(15.4–19.8)

6.4

(5.0–8.3)

12.7

(10.2–15.6)

9.6

(8.1–11.3)

Indiana

13.9

(11.4–16.8)

24.2

(20.3–28.6)

19.2

(17.0–21.6)

6.7

(4.9–9.2)

14.4

(11.6–17.6)

10.7

(9.0–12.5)

Iowa

12.4

(10.0–15.4)

23.6

(20.7–26.9)

18.2

(15.8–20.8)

3.8

(2.4–6.1)

11.9

(9.9–14.3)

8.0

(6.6–9.6)

Kansas

11.9

(9.3–15.2)

17.0

(13.8–20.8)

14.6

(12.2–17.3)

5.2

(3.4–7.8)

9.8

(7.6–12.6)

7.6

(5.9–9.7)

Kentucky

24.7

(19.1–31.3)

28.0

(24.4–32.0)

26.3

(22.5–30.6)

13.8

(10.9–17.2)

17.9

(15.1–21.2)

15.9

(13.5–18.6)

Louisiana

32.0

(22.2–43.6)

29.7

(24.5–35.5)

30.8

(23.8–38.8)

18.5

(11.1–29.2)

19.8

(14.6–26.4)

19.1

(12.9–27.3)

Maine

Maryland

15.2

(11.4–20.1)

18.9

(16.2–21.9)

17.2

(14.4–20.4)

8.6

(6.4–11.5)

11.7

(9.6–14.2)

10.2

(8.6–12.1)

Massachusetts

9.0

(7.4–11.1)

15.9

(13.4–18.9)

12.5

(10.6–14.7)

5.0

(4.1–6.1)

8.6

(6.8–10.9)

6.8

(5.5–8.4)

Michigan

11.9

(9.8–14.5)

18.2

(15.4–21.3)

15.1

(12.9–17.6)

6.7

(5.2–8.6)

10.9

(8.9–13.2)

8.8

(7.3–10.6)

Mississippi

28.0

(25.4–30.7)

35.6

(32.1–39.4)

31.7

(29.5–34.1)

17.1

(15.1–19.2)

22.2

(19.5–25.1)

19.5

(17.9–21.2)

Montana

9.5

(7.6–11.7)

19.3

(17.3–21.5)

14.6

(12.9–16.4)

4.6

(3.4–6.1)

8.9

(7.6–10.4)

6.9

(5.9–7.9)

Nebraska

13.6

(11.8–15.6)

20.1

(18.1–22.2)

17.0

(15.6–18.5)

7.2

(5.9–8.8)

10.4

(8.8–12.3)

8.9

(7.8–10.1)

New Hampshire

New Jersey

11.0

(8.0–15.0)

12.8

(9.9–16.3)

11.9

(9.9–14.2)

5.5

(3.6–8.3)

6.4

(4.5–9.1)

5.9

(4.5–7.9)

New Mexico

13.5

(12.0–15.2)

22.0

(20.2–23.9)

17.8

(16.7–19.0)

6.9

(6.0–7.9)

11.8

(10.4–13.4)

9.4

(8.5–10.3)

New York

12.8

(10.9–15.0)

15.8

(14.1–17.5)

14.3

(12.8–15.9)

8.9

(7.0–11.1)

8.9

(7.5–10.6)

8.9

(7.5–10.5)

North Carolina

19.1

(14.8–24.4)

25.5

(21.1–30.5)

22.3

(18.7–26.4)

10.9

(7.8–15.2)

17.1

(13.5–21.3)

14.0

(11.2–17.4)

North Dakota

12.3

(9.4–15.9)

22.5

(19.0–26.4)

17.5

(15.2–20.1)

6.1

(4.3–8.6)

11.3

(8.9–14.2)

8.8

(7.2–10.8)

Ohio

15.0

(11.2–20.0)

21.4

(17.3–26.2)

18.3

(14.9–22.2)

9.2

(6.4–13.1)

13.4

(9.7–18.1)

11.4

(8.6–14.9)

Oklahoma

21.2

(16.9–26.3)

29.5

(25.8–33.5)

25.3

(21.6–29.4)

11.0

(8.1–14.8)

18.5

(15.3–22.1)

14.7

(12.3–17.6)

Rhode Island

10.2

(7.8–13.3)

17.5

(15.3–20.0)

13.8

(12.0–15.9)

6.3

(4.8–8.2)

9.8

(7.8–12.4)

8.1

(6.6–9.8)

South Carolina

22.4

(17.1–28.8)

26.2

(22.3–30.6)

24.4

(20.1–29.1)

13.9

(9.5–20.1)

16.6

(13.7–20.0)

15.4

(12.1–19.3)

South Dakota

13.3

(10.2–17.3)

24.7

(19.3–31.0)

19.1

(15.2–23.7)

5.3

(3.9–7.2)

11.2

(8.8–14.2)

8.3

(6.7–10.2)

Tennessee

29.3

(25.9–33.0)

31.5

(27.4–35.8)

30.4

(27.2–33.7)

17.2

(14.2–20.5)

20.3

(16.6–24.6)

18.8

(16.0–22.0)

Texas

16.7

(14.2–19.6)

22.9

(20.1–25.9)

19.9

(17.7–22.3)

9.2

(7.0–12.1)

11.1

(9.3–13.2)

10.2

(8.5–12.2)

Utah

5.6

(4.0–7.9)

11.2

(9.3–13.4)

8.4

(7.0–10.1)

3.1

(1.9–5.1)

6.0

(4.7–7.6)

4.6

(3.6–5.8)

Vermont

6.3

(4.7–8.2)

13.9

(11.0–17.5)

10.3

(8.1–13.0)

3.6

(2.6–5.0)

7.7

(6.1–9.7)

5.8

(4.5–7.5)

Virginia

16.5

(13.3–20.2)

17.5

(14.0–21.7)

16.9

(13.8–20.6)

10.2

(7.6–13.6)

9.3

(6.6–12.9)

9.7

(7.2–12.9)

West Virginia

25.2

(20.0–31.2)

31.1

(26.0–36.7)

28.2

(23.7–33.1)

13.5

(10.3–17.5)

17.7

(13.9–22.4)

15.6

(12.4–19.5)

Wisconsin

10.7

(8.3–13.5)

20.0

(17.3–23.1)

15.5

(13.4–17.8)

5.4

(3.8–7.7)

10.4

(8.3–13.1)

8.0

(6.3–10.1)

Wyoming

12.6

(10.3–15.2)

20.6

(18.2–23.4)

16.6

(14.8–18.5)

4.5

(3.2–6.2)

11.2

(9.3–13.3)

7.8

(6.5–9.3)

Median

13.5

21.1

17.5

6.8

11.2

9.1

Range

5.6–32.0

11.2–35.6

8.4–31.7

2.7–18.5

6.0–23.8

4.5–19.5


TABLE 89. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who drank soda or pop, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Drank soda or pop two or more times/day*,†

Drank soda or pop three or more times/day*,†

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

15.8

(12.0–20.6)

20.2

(17.0–23.8)

17.9

(15.3–20.9)

9.5

(6.6–13.3)

14.8

(12.0–18.0)

12.1

(9.7–14.8)

Broward County, FL

15.9

(13.2–18.9)

18.5

(16.0–21.2)

17.2

(15.2–19.4)

9.3

(7.0–12.2)

11.2

(9.1–13.6)

10.3

(8.6–12.2)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

Chicago, IL

23.5

(20.8–26.4)

22.4

(18.7–26.6)

22.9

(20.8–25.2)

13.9

(11.4–16.9)

14.1

(11.0–17.8)

14.0

(11.9–16.4)

Dallas, TX

14.0

(10.8–17.8)

19.6

(15.2–24.8)

16.8

(13.7–20.4)

7.8

(5.8–10.4)

7.8

(4.9–12.3)

7.9

(6.0–10.2)

Detroit, MI

16.1

(13.4–19.2)

17.5

(14.4–21.0)

16.6

(14.4–19.0)

9.5

(7.7–11.8)

10.8

(8.7–13.3)

10.0

(8.6–11.7)

District of Columbia

18.5

(15.5–22.0)

18.7

(15.1–22.9)

18.6

(16.2–21.2)

12.3

(10.1–15.0)

11.2

(8.6–14.5)

11.8

(9.9–14.0)

Duval County, FL

17.3

(15.2–19.7)

20.3

(18.2–22.7)

18.8

(17.2–20.6)

10.6

(9.0–12.5)

13.6

(11.6–15.8)

12.0

(10.8–13.5)

Houston, TX

16.5

(13.6–19.8)

19.5

(17.2–22.0)

18.0

(16.3–19.8)

9.4

(7.1–12.5)

9.8

(8.1–11.9)

9.6

(8.1–11.4)

Los Angeles, CA

11.7

(8.7–15.5)

14.8

(10.6–20.2)

13.3

(10.3–17.1)

5.5

(4.2–7.2)

8.9

(6.1–12.8)

7.3

(5.7–9.4)

Memphis, TN

29.6

(25.9–33.5)

33.5

(29.7–37.5)

31.5

(28.6–34.5)

18.8

(15.7–22.4)

22.1

(19.0–25.5)

20.4

(18.0–22.9)

Miami-Dade County, FL

18.3

(15.6–21.4)

21.7

(18.5–25.2)

19.9

(18.0–22.0)

10.8

(8.6–13.5)

15.0

(12.3–18.2)

12.9

(11.1–14.8)

Milwaukee, WI

23.1

(19.9–26.6)

20.1

(17.3–23.3)

21.6

(19.4–24.0)

14.9

(12.0–18.3)

13.5

(11.0–16.4)

14.2

(12.0–16.6)

New York City, NY

13.4

(11.9–15.0)

16.3

(14.2–18.6)

14.8

(13.1–16.6)

8.7

(7.5–10.1)

9.4

(8.2–10.7)

9.0

(8.0–10.1)

Orange County, FL

13.7

(10.7–17.4)

19.6

(16.7–22.8)

16.6

(14.5–18.9)

8.2

(6.1–10.9)

14.0

(11.3–17.2)

11.0

(9.3–13.1)

Palm Beach County, FL

15.9

(13.4–18.7)

18.3

(15.7–21.2)

17.2

(15.1–19.5)

9.3

(7.6–11.3)

9.8

(8.0–11.9)

9.7

(8.3–11.3)

Philadelphia, PA

16.7

(13.7–20.2)

19.4

(15.5–23.9)

18.0

(15.4–20.8)

10.2

(8.1–12.8)

11.9

(9.5–14.9)

11.0

(9.3–12.8)

San Bernardino, CA

19.0

(16.0–22.4)

25.7

(21.9–30.0)

22.3

(19.5–25.4)

11.0

(8.9–13.6)

16.7

(13.4–20.7)

13.9

(11.6–16.5)

San Diego, CA

9.0

(6.7–11.9)

14.7

(11.5–18.6)

11.9

(9.7–14.5)

5.1

(3.7–7.1)

7.9

(5.7–10.8)

6.5

(5.1–8.4)

San Francisco, CA

Seattle, WA

5.5

(4.1–7.5)

10.2

(8.0–12.8)

8.1

(6.8–9.7)

3.0

(1.9–4.7)

5.9

(4.5–7.8)

4.7

(3.7–6.0)

Median

16.1

19.5

17.9

9.5

11.2

11.0

Range

5.5–29.6

10.2–33.5

8.1–31.5

3.0–18.8

5.9–22.1

4.7–20.4

* A can, bottle, or glass of soda or pop, not counting diet soda or diet pop.

During the 7 days before the survey.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Not available.


TABLE 90. Percentage of high school students who ate breakfast, by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Ate breakfast on 0 days*

Ate breakfast on all 7 days*

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White§

12.8

(11.5–14.2)

11.2

(10.0–12.6)

12.0

(10.9–13.2)

37.1

(34.1–40.1)

42.1

(39.0–45.2)

39.7

(37.2–42.2)

Black§

19.0

(16.5–21.8)

12.9

(10.9–15.3)

16.1

(14.2–18.2)

26.9

(23.6–30.4)

35.7

(31.3–40.4)

31.2

(27.8–34.7)

Hispanic

14.6

(12.5–17.0)

14.1

(12.6–15.8)

14.4

(13.1–15.8)

31.4

(26.7–36.5)

42.5

(38.9–46.2)

37.1

(33.3–41.1)

Grade

9

14.7

(12.5–17.2)

11.3

(9.5–13.4)

13.0

(11.4–14.8)

32.6

(28.8–36.6)

47.1

(43.3–50.8)

39.9

(36.8–43.2)

10

14.5

(12.4–17.0)

11.4

(9.4–13.9)

12.9

(11.3–14.8)

33.3

(29.7–37.2)

43.2

(39.8–46.6)

38.4

(35.4–41.5)

11

12.1

(9.7–15.2)

14.3

(12.2–16.7)

13.2

(11.5–15.1)

37.9

(34.5–41.4)

37.9

(34.5–41.5)

37.9

(35.2–40.6)

12

14.1

(11.7–17.0)

12.0

(10.6–13.6)

13.0

(11.5–14.7)

33.4

(30.4–36.5)

35.0

(31.3–38.7)

34.2

(31.9–36.5)

Total

13.9

(12.8–15.0)

12.3

(11.2–13.4)

13.1

(12.2–14.1)

34.3

(31.8–36.8)

41.0

(38.7–43.4)

37.7

(35.7–39.8)

* During the 7 days before the survey.

95% confidence interval.

§ Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 91. Percentage of high school students who did not participate in at least 60 minutes of physical activity on any day* and were physically active at least 60 minutes/day on 5 or more days,†,§ by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Did not participate in at least 60 minutes of physical activity on any day

Physically active at least 60 minutes/day on 5 or more days

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White**

13.7

(12.1–15.5)

8.5

(7.2–9.9)

11.0

(9.8–12.4)

42.6

(39.3–46.0)

62.1

(59.3–64.7)

52.7

(50.0–55.3)

Black**

26.7

(22.9–30.7)

12.3

(9.9–15.2)

19.6

(17.4–21.9)

31.9

(27.9–36.1)

57.1

(52.5–61.6)

44.4

(40.8–48.0)

Hispanic

21.3

(18.4–24.5)

10.7

(9.3–12.3)

15.9

(14.2–17.7)

33.0

(28.6–37.7)

57.1

(54.4–59.7)

45.4

(42.7–48.1)

Grade

9

13.9

(12.1–16.0)

8.7

(7.2–10.5)

11.2

(9.9–12.8)

44.5

(40.2–48.9)

61.0

(57.0–64.8)

52.9

(49.5–56.3)

10

17.9

(15.3–20.8)

10.0

(7.9–12.6)

13.8

(11.7–16.2)

40.3

(37.1–43.6)

62.3

(58.6–65.9)

51.8

(48.7–54.9)

11

19.0

(17.0–21.2)

10.5

(9.2–11.9)

14.7

(13.4–16.1)

35.7

(32.2–39.4)

58.5

(55.8–61.1)

47.3

(45.0–49.7)

12

20.6

(17.6–23.8)

10.8

(9.2–12.6)

15.6

(14.0–17.4)

32.0

(29.2–35.0)

57.3

(53.9–60.6)

44.8

(42.4–47.3)

Total

17.7

(16.5–19.0)

10.0

(9.0–11.1)

13.8

(12.8–14.8)

38.5

(35.9–41.1)

59.9

(57.8–61.9)

49.5

(47.4–51.5)

* Were physically active doing any kind of physical activity that increased their heart rate and made them breathe hard some of the time for a total of at least 60 minutes/day on 0 days during the 7 days before the survey.

During the 7 days before the survey.

§ Were physically active doing any kind of physical activity that increased their heart rate and made them breathe hard some of the time.

95% confidence interval.

** Non-Hispanic.

NOTE: Because of changes in question context starting in 2011, national YRBS prevalence estimates derived from the 60 minutes of physical activity question in 2011 are not comparable to those reported in 2009 or earlier. On the 2005–2009 national YRBS questionnaire, physical activity was assessed with three questions (in the following order) that asked the number of days students participated in: 1) at least 20 minutes of vigorous physical activity, 2) at least 30 minutes of moderate physical activity, and 3) at least 60 minutes of aerobic (moderate and vigorous) physical activity. On the 2011 national YRBS questionnaire, only the 60 minutes of aerobic physical activity question was included.


TABLE 92. Percentage of high school students who did not participate in at least 60 minutes of physical activity on any day*,† and were physically active at least 60 minutes/day on 5 or more days,†,§ by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Did not participate in at least 60 minutes of physical activity on any day

Physically active at least 60 minutes/day on 5 or more days

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

23.0

(19.1–27.4)

11.7

(8.2–16.3)

17.3

(14.4–20.6)

31.2

(26.9–35.9)

59.3

(53.6–64.7)

45.3

(40.9–49.7)

Alaska

14.3

(11.9–17.2)

10.8

(7.9–14.5)

12.6

(10.6–14.9)

38.2

(34.3–42.1)

52.3

(47.6–57.1)

45.3

(41.9–48.9)

Arizona

17.5

(14.0–21.7)

13.2

(10.6–16.2)

15.4

(13.4–17.6)

38.8

(35.5–42.1)

56.2

(52.8–59.6)

47.4

(44.8–50.0)

Arkansas

23.1

(19.5–27.0)

17.3

(13.5–21.8)

20.2

(17.1–23.6)

29.1

(25.6–32.8)

52.4

(47.0–57.7)

40.8

(37.0–44.8)

Colorado

12.0

(9.1–15.6)

9.0

(7.0–11.4)

10.6

(8.9–12.6)

44.5

(38.6–50.6)

61.3

(55.7–66.7)

53.1

(49.5–56.8)

Connecticut

13.2

(10.6–16.4)

10.0

(7.6–13.1)

11.5

(9.4–14.1)

41.1

(36.5–45.9)

57.9

(52.9–62.7)

49.5

(45.6–53.4)

Delaware

21.5

(19.0–24.3)

14.5

(12.4–16.8)

18.0

(16.2–20.0)

35.1

(31.6–38.8)

52.1

(48.7–55.6)

43.5

(40.7–46.3)

Florida

22.8

(20.5–25.2)

12.3

(11.0–13.7)

17.5

(16.0–19.1)

32.0

(29.9–34.2)

55.4

(52.9–57.9)

43.6

(41.6–45.6)

Georgia

20.5

(17.0–24.5)

13.2

(10.9–16.0)

16.9

(14.7–19.3)

31.2

(27.9–34.7)

53.2

(47.2–59.2)

42.2

(38.0–46.4)

Hawaii

22.8

(20.0–25.8)

14.0

(11.9–16.5)

18.5

(16.4–20.8)

27.4

(25.1–29.8)

49.0

(46.2–51.8)

37.9

(36.2–39.7)

Idaho

13.4

(10.7–16.5)

9.4

(7.3–12.1)

11.4

(9.4–13.7)

43.8

(38.5–49.3)

61.4

(56.5–66.0)

52.9

(48.6–57.1)

Illinois

14.3

(11.9–17.0)

11.5

(9.5–13.8)

12.9

(11.2–14.8)

42.2

(38.9–45.6)

54.7

(51.2–58.2)

48.5

(45.9–51.0)

Indiana

20.0

(16.4–24.2)

11.8

(9.3–14.9)

15.9

(13.2–18.9)

34.1

(30.8–37.5)

52.7

(47.7–57.6)

43.5

(40.1–46.9)

Iowa

10.5

(8.7–12.6)

7.4

(4.8–11.2)

9.0

(7.5–10.9)

41.9

(37.6–46.3)

60.6

(57.2–64.0)

51.5

(47.5–55.4)

Kansas

14.6

(12.1–17.6)

8.8

(6.8–11.5)

11.6

(9.8–13.7)

39.8

(36.5–43.2)

61.2

(57.8–64.4)

50.7

(47.7–53.7)

Kentucky

23.9

(20.1–28.2)

17.2

(13.2–22.0)

20.6

(17.5–24.2)

29.0

(25.6–32.8)

49.5

(44.8–54.2)

39.3

(36.4–42.3)

Louisiana

22.3

(16.6–29.2)

15.6

(9.3–25.1)

19.1

(14.0–25.4)

26.4

(21.3–32.2)

50.4

(46.4–54.4)

37.9

(33.1–42.8)

Maine

14.8

(13.1–16.6)

12.0

(10.8–13.2)

13.5

(12.2–14.9)

38.3

(36.1–40.6)

49.1

(46.4–51.8)

43.7

(41.4–46.0)

Maryland

17.9

(14.7–21.6)

13.4

(10.4–17.0)

15.6

(13.3–18.2)

32.3

(27.4–37.7)

50.1

(45.9–54.3)

41.2

(37.6–44.8)

Massachusetts

18.3

(16.4–20.3)

11.7

(9.7–13.9)

14.9

(13.5–16.5)

33.6

(30.4–37.0)

53.1

(48.7–57.4)

43.3

(40.0–46.8)

Michigan

17.3

(14.5–20.6)

12.4

(9.9–15.6)

14.8

(12.3–17.8)

40.8

(34.5–47.4)

57.9

(54.3–61.4)

49.4

(44.7–54.1)

Mississippi

23.8

(20.8–27.0)

12.5

(9.6–16.1)

18.1

(15.7–20.6)

28.9

(25.5–32.6)

55.6

(50.1–61.0)

42.3

(38.9–45.7)

Montana

11.3

(9.6–13.2)

8.8

(7.4–10.4)

10.0

(8.7–11.4)

47.5

(45.2–49.8)

61.4

(58.4–64.2)

54.7

(52.5–56.8)

Nebraska

12.5

(10.5–14.7)

8.5

(7.2–10.1)

10.4

(9.2–11.8)

45.9

(42.8–49.1)

61.3

(58.9–63.6)

53.7

(51.5–55.9)

New Hampshire

—**

New Jersey

13.2

(9.9–17.5)

9.5

(7.1–12.5)

11.3

(9.6–13.3)

39.6

(35.6–43.9)

59.9

(54.2–65.4)

49.8

(45.9–53.8)

New Mexico

16.8

(14.6–19.1)

10.4

(9.4–11.5)

13.5

(12.3–14.9)

40.1

(37.1–43.2)

56.6

(53.8–59.3)

48.5

(45.8–51.1)

New York

14.5

(12.3–17.0)

12.2

(9.8–15.1)

13.3

(11.4–15.6)

35.6

(33.0–38.3)

55.4

(52.4–58.3)

45.5

(43.0–48.0)

North Carolina

18.4

(14.5–23.1)

12.5

(10.2–15.3)

15.5

(13.0–18.3)

39.1

(35.1–43.2)

56.0

(51.9–60.1)

47.6

(44.3–51.0)

North Dakota

15.7

(13.2–18.5)

9.2

(7.4–11.3)

12.4

(10.8–14.1)

37.8

(34.4–41.4)

52.9

(49.0–56.7)

45.7

(42.8–48.6)

Ohio

21.0

(16.0–26.9)

11.9

(9.3–15.2)

16.4

(13.4–19.8)

33.9

(29.4–38.6)

56.1

(50.0–62.0)

44.9

(40.0–50.0)

Oklahoma

17.6

(13.9–22.0)

5.9

(4.3–8.2)

11.7

(9.8–14.0)

36.1

(30.9–41.7)

65.6

(58.7–71.9)

50.8

(45.9–55.6)

Rhode Island

13.8

(10.8–17.4)

10.5

(8.4–12.9)

12.1

(9.7–14.9)

38.6

(33.5–44.0)

55.1

(50.6–59.5)

46.7

(42.0–51.5)

South Carolina

23.7

(18.9–29.4)

11.4

(8.8–14.7)

17.6

(14.7–21.0)

31.4

(25.4–38.1)

55.6

(50.5–60.5)

43.4

(38.8–48.2)

South Dakota

14.4

(10.0–20.3)

8.2

(6.7–10.2)

11.3

(8.9–14.3)

36.9

(33.2–40.8)

59.7

(55.9–63.5)

48.6

(45.6–51.6)

Tennessee

17.4

(15.1–20.0)

11.1

(9.0–13.6)

14.2

(12.5–16.1)

34.3

(30.7–38.1)

59.7

(55.8–63.5)

47.2

(44.0–50.5)

Texas

20.5

(17.8–23.5)

12.3

(10.1–14.8)

16.4

(14.3–18.8)

35.1

(30.9–39.5)

53.6

(50.3–56.9)

44.5

(41.0–48.0)

Utah

10.6

(9.0–12.5)

7.7

(5.7–10.3)

9.1

(7.7–10.8)

40.7

(36.1–45.4)

55.6

(51.0–60.2)

48.3

(44.3–52.3)

Vermont

15.3

(13.5–17.3)

9.6

(8.6–10.7)

12.4

(11.2–13.8)

39.9

(37.5–42.3)

55.3

(53.9–56.7)

47.8

(46.3–49.3)

Virginia

20.3

(17.3–23.7)

10.6

(8.7–12.9)

15.6

(13.3–18.2)

35.3

(30.8–40.1)

55.8

(50.1–61.4)

45.6

(40.8–50.5)

West Virginia

16.5

(13.4–20.3)

10.2

(8.2–12.7)

13.3

(11.2–15.7)

41.4

(36.7–46.2)

63.0

(59.3–66.7)

52.4

(48.8–56.1)

Wisconsin

13.8

(11.2–16.9)

10.0

(6.6–14.8)

11.8

(9.0–15.4)

44.9

(39.8–50.1)

58.1

(52.5–63.4)

51.6

(46.9–56.3)

Wyoming

16.7

(14.4–19.3)

11.1

(9.5–12.9)

14.0

(12.5–15.6)

41.4

(37.9–45.0)

58.7

(55.5–61.8)

50.1

(47.5–52.6)

Median

17.0

11.2

13.8

38.0

55.7

46.9

Range

10.5–23.9

5.9–17.3

9.0–20.6

26.4–47.5

49.0–65.6

37.9–54.7


TABLE 92. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who did not participate in at least 60 minutes of physical activity on any day*,† and were physically active at least 60 minutes/day on 5 or more days,†,§ by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Did not participate in at least 60 minutes of physical activity on any day

Physically active at least 60 minutes/day on 5 or more days

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

27.9

(23.5–32.7)

21.2

(17.2–25.8)

24.7

(21.4–28.2)

19.3

(15.4–23.8)

39.2

(34.8–43.8)

29.1

(26.0–32.4)

Broward County, FL

26.2

(22.5–30.4)

14.3

(11.8–17.2)

20.2

(17.6–23.1)

28.9

(25.4–32.6)

54.3

(50.9–57.6)

41.9

(39.2–44.7)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

26.0

(22.2–30.3)

12.4

(9.8–15.4)

19.1

(16.5–22.0)

28.2

(25.1–31.5)

51.9

(47.0–56.8)

39.9

(36.7–43.2)

Chicago, IL

21.5

(17.8–25.7)

19.9

(16.8–23.3)

20.6

(18.0–23.6)

30.0

(23.7–37.1)

39.5

(34.9–44.3)

34.2

(29.5–39.3)

Dallas, TX

20.2

(16.8–24.2)

11.8

(9.0–15.2)

16.0

(13.8–18.4)

27.7

(22.9–33.0)

46.6

(42.2–51.2)

37.0

(33.6–40.6)

Detroit, MI

23.2

(20.3–26.3)

18.2

(15.2–21.7)

20.9

(18.8–23.2)

23.7

(20.2–27.6)

30.2

(26.2–34.5)

26.7

(23.8–29.9)

District of Columbia

30.6

(26.4–35.3)

22.8

(18.9–27.1)

27.1

(24.1–30.3)

24.2

(20.7–28.1)

33.3

(28.3–38.6)

28.4

(25.1–31.8)

Duval County, FL

27.9

(25.6–30.4)

20.0

(17.7–22.5)

23.9

(22.2–25.8)

23.9

(21.8–26.2)

38.0

(34.9–41.1)

30.7

(28.7–32.8)

Houston, TX

25.7

(23.1–28.6)

18.5

(15.6–21.8)

22.1

(19.9–24.4)

21.8

(18.9–25.0)

38.6

(35.2–42.1)

30.3

(27.8–32.9)

Los Angeles, CA

21.8

(17.1–27.4)

13.9

(10.1–18.9)

17.7

(14.2–21.9)

31.4

(26.9–36.2)

46.5

(42.7–50.4)

39.2

(36.0–42.5)

Memphis, TN

26.1

(22.6–30.0)

18.9

(16.1–22.2)

22.5

(20.1–25.0)

27.0

(23.5–30.8)

47.7

(44.1–51.3)

37.3

(34.7–39.9)

Miami-Dade County, FL

24.0

(20.9–27.5)

13.2

(10.9–16.0)

18.8

(16.5–21.4)

27.0

(23.5–30.8)

47.3

(43.2–51.5)

37.0

(34.3–39.8)

Milwaukee, WI

28.3

(24.9–32.0)

20.3

(17.0–24.1)

24.4

(21.7–27.3)

23.6

(20.5–27.0)

37.7

(33.7–41.8)

30.6

(27.8–33.4)

New York City, NY

20.1

(18.0–22.3)

16.6

(15.3–18.0)

18.4

(17.0–19.9)

33.0

(30.8–35.3)

45.8

(43.9–47.8)

39.0

(37.4–40.6)

Orange County, FL

26.1

(22.3–30.3)

13.8

(11.0–17.0)

20.0

(17.3–22.9)

29.1

(25.7–32.7)

53.0

(49.3–56.6)

40.9

(38.4–43.5)

Palm Beach County, FL

24.0

(21.2–27.0)

14.7

(12.0–18.0)

19.4

(17.5–21.4)

27.6

(24.6–30.8)

53.5

(49.7–57.2)

40.6

(38.1–43.1)

Philadelphia, PA

24.1

(21.1–27.5)

15.3

(12.8–18.2)

20.0

(17.9–22.3)

32.3

(28.6–36.3)

42.9

(38.1–47.8)

37.1

(33.9–40.5)

San Bernardino, CA

18.9

(16.1–22.0)

12.3

(9.1–16.3)

15.5

(13.1–18.1)

34.8

(30.6–39.2)

51.8

(47.0–56.6)

43.4

(39.8–47.0)

San Diego, CA

21.3

(18.0–25.0)

13.0

(10.9–15.3)

17.0

(14.7–19.6)

36.8

(30.9–43.1)

54.3

(50.3–58.2)

45.7

(41.4–50.1)

San Francisco, CA

27.6

(24.0–31.5)

21.6

(18.1–25.5)

24.6

(22.0–27.3)

27.0

(23.1–31.3)

38.6

(34.3–43.0)

32.7

(29.3–36.2)

Seattle, WA

20.7

(17.6–24.2)

14.6

(11.8–18.0)

18.0

(15.9–20.2)

34.0

(30.1–38.2)

43.8

(39.5–48.2)

38.8

(35.9–41.9)

Median

24.1

15.3

20.0

27.7

45.8

37.1

Range

18.9–30.6

11.8–22.8

15.5–27.1

19.3–36.8

30.2–54.3

26.7–45.7

* Were physically active doing any kind of physical activity that increased their heart rate and made them breathe hard some of the time for a total of at least 60 minutes/day on 0 days during the 7 days before the survey.

During the 7 days before the survey.

§ Were physically active doing any kind of physical activity that increased their heart rate and made them breathe hard some of the time.

95% confidence interval.

** Not available.


TABLE 93. Percentage of high school students who were physically active at least 60 minutes/day on all 7 days* and who participated in muscle strengthening activities on 3 or more days, by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Physically active at least 60 minutes/day on all 7 days

Participated in muscle strengthening activities on 3 or more days

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White

19.7

(17.5–22.0)

40.4

(37.8–43.0)

30.4

(28.3–32.6)

45.3

(42.3–48.4)

65.5

(62.7–68.3)

55.7

(53.2–58.3)

Black

16.9

(14.5–19.6)

35.2

(31.1–39.5)

26.0

(23.8–28.3)

37.3

(31.7–43.2)

71.5

(67.0–75.5)

54.0

(49.6–58.3)

Hispanic

16.9

(14.3–19.9)

35.6

(33.6–37.7)

26.5

(24.8–28.3)

44.7

(39.2–50.3)

67.6

(64.6–70.4)

56.6

(53.0–60.1)

Grade

9

22.2

(19.2–25.6)

38.8

(35.5–42.3)

30.7

(28.5–33.0)

49.8

(45.5–54.0)

68.6

(65.0–71.9)

59.3

(56.3–62.2)

10

18.1

(15.4–21.1)

42.6

(38.3–47.0)

30.8

(27.8–34.1)

43.3

(39.5–47.2)

68.8

(66.0–71.4)

56.5

(53.3–59.6)

11

18.0

(15.9–20.3)

36.2

(33.3–39.1)

27.3

(25.4–29.3)

41.3

(37.5–45.3)

64.9

(61.5–68.3)

53.4

(50.1–56.7)

12

14.9

(12.9–17.1)

34.9

(32.4–37.6)

25.1

(23.2–27.0)

39.8

(35.7–44.1)

63.8

(60.0–67.4)

52.2

(48.9–55.4)

Total

18.5

(16.8–20.3)

38.3

(36.3–40.4)

28.7

(27.1–30.3)

43.8

(41.3–46.3)

66.7

(64.8–68.5)

55.6

(53.6–57.5)

* Were physically active doing any kind of physical activity that increased their heart rate and made them breathe hard some of the time for a total of at least 60 minutes/day on 7 of the 7 days before the survey.

For example, push-ups, sit-ups, or weight lifting, during the 7 days before the survey.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Non-Hispanic.

NOTE: Because of changes in question context starting in 2011, national YRBS prevalence estimates derived from the 60 minutes of physical activity question in 2011 are not comparable to those reported in 2009 or earlier. On the 2005 – 2009 national YRBS questionnaire, physical activity was assessed with three questions (in the following order) that asked the number of days students participated in: 1) at least 20 minutes of vigorous physical activity, 2) at least 30 minutes of moderate physical activity, and 3) at least 60 minutes of aerobic (moderate and vigorous) physical activity. On the 2011 national YRBS questionnaire, only the 60 minutes of aerobic physical activity question was included.


TABLE 94. Percentage of high school students who were physically active at least 60 minutes/day on all 7 days,* by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Physically active at least 60 minutes/day on all 7 days

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

15.0

(11.3–19.5)

41.7

(36.8–46.7)

28.4

(24.3–32.8)

Alaska

14.3

(11.4–17.8)

28.0

(24.1–32.2)

21.3

(18.6–24.2)

Arizona

18.1

(15.7–20.7)

31.9

(28.5–35.5)

25.0

(23.0–27.0)

Arkansas

14.2

(12.8–15.7)

39.0

(33.5–44.8)

26.7

(23.6–30.1)

Colorado

21.3

(18.9–23.9)

36.4

(31.7–41.4)

29.2

(26.5–32.1)

Connecticut

17.0

(14.1–20.3)

34.8

(30.4–39.5)

26.0

(23.0–29.2)

Delaware

17.6

(15.3–20.2)

32.4

(29.0–35.9)

24.9

(22.9–27.0)

Florida

15.6

(14.5–16.8)

36.1

(34.2–38.1)

25.8

(24.5–27.2)

Georgia

14.2

(12.1–16.7)

36.1

(31.2–41.2)

25.2

(22.3–28.3)

Hawaii

13.6

(11.5–15.9)

28.8

(25.1–32.7)

21.0

(18.9–23.4)

Idaho

14.5

(11.6–18.0)

36.8

(32.2–41.6)

25.9

(22.7–29.4)

Illinois

15.8

(13.6–18.2)

30.5

(26.8–34.6)

23.2

(21.0–25.5)

Indiana

15.8

(13.0–19.0)

32.3

(28.9–35.9)

24.2

(21.6–26.9)

Iowa

19.9

(16.8–23.4)

37.7

(33.1–42.5)

29.1

(25.9–32.5)

Kansas

19.5

(16.9–22.3)

40.5

(37.0–44.1)

30.2

(27.7–32.7)

Kentucky

13.3

(11.0–16.0)

30.4

(26.7–34.3)

21.9

(19.6–24.5)

Louisiana

13.9

(10.8–17.6)

35.4

(30.9–40.2)

24.2

(20.9–27.9)

Maine

17.1

(15.7–18.7)

30.3

(27.7–33.0)

23.7

(22.1–25.5)

Maryland

14.7

(11.7–18.4)

28.0

(24.1–32.2)

21.4

(18.8–24.3)

Massachusetts

14.2

(12.0–16.8)

30.6

(26.7–34.9)

22.4

(20.0–25.1)

Michigan

18.8

(15.8–22.1)

35.1

(32.6–37.7)

27.0

(24.4–29.7)

Mississippi

14.6

(12.0–17.7)

37.4

(32.7–42.3)

25.9

(23.0–28.9)

Montana

20.9

(18.7–23.3)

36.1

(33.6–38.6)

28.7

(26.9–30.6)

Nebraska

19.8

(17.9–21.9)

35.8

(33.4–38.3)

28.0

(26.3–29.8)

New Hampshire

§

New Jersey

18.4

(15.6–21.6)

37.4

(32.3–42.7)

28.0

(25.3–30.8)

New Mexico

18.5

(16.8–20.4)

33.8

(31.8–36.0)

26.3

(24.8–27.9)

New York

16.2

(14.3–18.2)

33.9

(30.8–37.2)

25.1

(22.8–27.5)

North Carolina

18.4

(16.1–20.9)

33.6

(30.0–37.3)

26.0

(23.6–28.4)

North Dakota

13.3

(11.3–15.7)

29.4

(26.2–32.9)

21.8

(20.0–23.7)

Ohio

15.4

(12.2–19.4)

35.3

(29.6–41.4)

25.4

(22.1–29.0)

Oklahoma

18.3

(15.0–22.1)

47.9

(42.1–53.8)

33.1

(29.2–37.3)

Rhode Island

18.2

(14.3–22.7)

35.4

(30.9–40.0)

26.7

(22.9–30.8)

South Carolina

15.8

(12.4–19.8)

36.1

(32.7–39.6)

25.8

(23.1–28.8)

South Dakota

17.1

(14.2–20.4)

37.3

(32.5–42.3)

27.3

(24.0–30.9)

Tennessee

18.2

(15.4–21.4)

41.8

(38.1–45.6)

30.2

(27.5–33.0)

Texas

18.7

(16.4–21.1)

35.4

(31.8–39.1)

27.1

(24.5–29.9)

Utah

14.0

(11.2–17.4)

27.1

(23.5–31.1)

20.8

(18.3–23.5)

Vermont

16.1

(14.1–18.4)

32.2

(30.7–33.7)

24.4

(22.8–26.0)

Virginia

17.1

(14.2–20.4)

31.1

(25.7–37.1)

24.1

(20.4–28.3)

West Virginia

19.2

(16.3–22.5)

38.4

(33.8–43.1)

29.0

(25.9–32.2)

Wisconsin

21.3

(17.9–25.3)

33.9

(29.6–38.5)

27.7

(24.3–31.5)

Wyoming

17.2

(15.0–19.5)

34.3

(31.3–37.5)

25.8

(23.8–28.0)

Median

17.0

35.2

25.8

Range

13.3–21.3

27.1–47.9

20.8–33.1


TABLE 94. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who were physically active at least 60 minutes/day on all 7 days,* by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Physically active at least 60 minutes/day on all 7 days

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

9.4

(6.9–12.6)

21.2

(17.3–25.7)

15.2

(13.0–17.8)

Broward County, FL

14.2

(11.6–17.3)

34.1

(30.9–37.4)

24.1

(22.1–26.2)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

16.2

(14.0–18.7)

30.9

(27.4–34.6)

23.4

(21.1–25.8)

Chicago, IL

14.7

(11.4–18.8)

22.4

(19.8–25.2)

18.2

(15.8–20.8)

Dallas, TX

15.1

(11.9–19.0)

24.3

(20.5–28.6)

19.7

(17.3–22.4)

Detroit, MI

13.0

(10.6–15.8)

17.4

(14.3–21.0)

15.1

(12.9–17.7)

District of Columbia

13.0

(10.6–15.9)

21.0

(17.4–25.2)

16.8

(14.6–19.1)

Duval County, FL

12.7

(10.9–14.8)

23.4

(20.8–26.3)

17.9

(16.2–19.8)

Houston, TX

9.4

(7.6–11.6)

21.8

(19.1–24.8)

15.6

(13.7–17.8)

Los Angeles, CA

13.3

(11.0–16.0)

26.0

(22.5–29.8)

19.9

(17.8–22.1)

Memphis, TN

14.6

(12.3–17.4)

34.3

(30.5–38.2)

24.4

(21.9–27.0)

Miami-Dade County, FL

13.7

(11.7–16.2)

30.2

(26.7–34.0)

21.9

(19.9–24.0)

Milwaukee, WI

12.7

(10.5–15.4)

22.9

(20.2–25.9)

17.8

(16.1–19.6)

New York City, NY

15.0

(13.5–16.6)

26.4

(24.5–28.3)

20.3

(19.1–21.6)

Orange County, FL

14.8

(12.2–17.9)

35.0

(31.0–39.2)

24.9

(22.4–27.6)

Palm Beach County, FL

13.7

(11.7–16.1)

33.7

(30.6–37.0)

23.8

(21.7–26.1)

Philadelphia, PA

17.6

(14.3–21.4)

25.5

(21.8–29.7)

21.2

(18.6–24.1)

San Bernardino, CA

17.9

(14.7–21.7)

33.7

(29.4–38.3)

25.9

(23.0–29.0)

San Diego, CA

16.7

(13.2–21.0)

32.5

(28.3–37.1)

24.8

(21.5–28.4)

San Francisco, CA

9.4

(7.2–12.1)

17.8

(15.2–20.7)

13.4

(11.7–15.4)

Seattle, WA

13.3

(10.9–16.1)

24.0

(20.7–27.6)

18.6

(16.5–20.9)

Median

13.7

25.5

19.9

Range

9.4–17.9

17.4–35.0

13.4–25.9

* Were physically active doing any kind of physical activity that increased their heart rate and made them breathe hard some of the time for a total of at least 60 minutes/day on 7 of the 7 days before the survey.

95% confidence interval.

§ Not available.


TABLE 95. Percentage of high school students who played video or computer games or used a computer* for 3 or more hours/day and who watched 3 or more hours/day of television, by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Used computers 3 or more hours/day

Watched television 3 or more hours/day

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White

22.6

(20.1–25.3)

33.3

(30.6–36.0)

28.1

(25.9–30.4)

23.9

(22.2–25.7)

27.3

(24.8–29.9)

25.6

(23.8–27.5)

Black

35.2

(31.1–39.6)

41.1

(37.2–45.1)

38.1

(35.0–41.4)

54.9

(49.7–60.0)

54.4

(51.0–57.7)

54.6

(51.1–58.0)

Hispanic

28.3

(25.2–31.6)

36.3

(33.6–39.2)

32.4

(30.1–34.8)

37.2

(34.1–40.3)

38.4

(36.0–40.8)

37.8

(35.4–40.2)

Grade

9

29.5

(26.4–32.8)

35.5

(32.3–38.8)

32.5

(29.9–35.3)

33.8

(31.2–36.4)

33.9

(30.8–37.2)

33.9

(31.6–36.2)

10

26.7

(24.0–29.6)

36.1

(32.8–39.5)

31.6

(29.3–33.9)

31.7

(29.2–34.3)

35.3

(31.5–39.4)

33.6

(30.9–36.3)

11

24.6

(21.6–27.8)

36.7

(33.6–39.9)

30.7

(28.4–33.1)

30.4

(26.9–34.2)

32.3

(29.2–35.6)

31.4

(28.5–34.4)

12

25.0

(22.1–28.2)

32.4

(29.5–35.5)

28.8

(26.5–31.2)

29.9

(26.7–33.3)

30.9

(28.6–33.3)

30.4

(28.1–32.9)

Total

26.6

(24.6–28.7)

35.3

(33.2–37.4)

31.1

(29.3–32.9)

31.6

(29.9–33.2)

33.3

(31.4–35.2)

32.4

(30.9–34.0)

* For something that was not school work.

On an average school day.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 96. Percentage of high school students who played video or computer games or used a computer* for 3 or more hours/day and who watched 3 or more hours/day of television, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Used computers 3 or more hours/day

Watched television 3 or more hours/day

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

26.4

(20.8–32.8)

33.8

(28.7–39.2)

30.2

(25.4–35.6)

40.2

(33.3–47.5)

40.8

(34.5–47.4)

40.6

(35.0–46.5)

Alaska

24.8

(20.9–29.1)

34.8

(30.6–39.2)

29.8

(26.7–33.1)

21.9

(18.1–26.2)

25.6

(22.5–29.0)

23.8

(21.2–26.5)

Arizona

23.2

(19.4–27.6)

32.3

(29.0–35.8)

27.7

(25.6–29.8)

26.6

(22.9–30.6)

30.9

(27.7–34.2)

28.6

(26.5–30.9)

Arkansas

21.2

(18.1–24.7)

25.2

(21.2–29.6)

23.2

(20.2–26.5)

35.8

(31.1–40.8)

27.7

(23.4–32.4)

31.8

(28.8–35.0)

Colorado

18.0

(15.6–20.8)

29.4

(25.3–33.9)

24.1

(21.3–27.2)

19.2

(16.0–22.9)

22.4

(19.4–25.7)

21.2

(18.7–23.9)

Connecticut

28.0

(24.3–31.9)

32.9

(28.9–37.0)

30.5

(27.7–33.5)

26.7

(23.0–30.8)

27.5

(23.4–31.9)

27.1

(23.9–30.5)

Delaware

30.7

(27.5–34.0)

38.7

(35.2–42.2)

34.4

(32.0–37.0)

36.3

(33.0–39.6)

38.3

(35.3–41.5)

37.3

(34.9–39.7)

Florida

31.3

(29.3–33.3)

39.3

(37.2–41.4)

35.3

(33.8–36.9)

35.5

(32.9–38.2)

38.6

(36.3–40.9)

37.1

(35.0–39.2)

Georgia

24.6

(20.9–28.8)

30.7

(28.1–33.5)

27.8

(25.8–29.9)

39.1

(32.1–46.5)

34.2

(29.7–38.9)

36.6

(31.5–42.0)

Hawaii

36.5

(33.8–39.3)

36.8

(33.3–40.4)

36.6

(34.8–38.4)

28.7

(25.9–31.6)

34.8

(31.7–38.0)

31.7

(29.6–33.9)

Idaho

16.9

(14.0–20.4)

26.6

(22.6–31.1)

21.9

(19.0–25.1)

19.4

(16.4–22.9)

23.8

(20.6–27.2)

21.7

(19.0–24.6)

Illinois

24.7

(21.6–28.1)

33.5

(30.4–36.8)

29.1

(27.6–30.6)

27.6

(23.0–32.8)

30.7

(27.6–33.9)

29.1

(26.0–32.4)

Indiana

20.3

(16.8–24.2)

37.3

(31.9–43.1)

29.0

(26.2–31.9)

27.1

(24.2–30.1)

26.9

(23.1–31.2)

27.0

(24.2–29.9)

Iowa

18.0

(15.1–21.2)

31.7

(27.4–36.3)

25.0

(22.0–28.2)

22.5

(20.0–25.3)

24.4

(22.3–26.7)

23.5

(22.0–25.1)

Kansas

20.1

(16.5–24.3)

29.0

(24.9–33.5)

24.6

(21.1–28.5)

23.3

(20.5–26.4)

26.8

(23.5–30.4)

25.1

(23.0–27.3)

Kentucky

25.6

(22.6–28.7)

36.8

(32.0–41.8)

31.2

(28.0–34.7)

31.0

(26.7–35.6)

33.0

(28.0–38.3)

32.0

(28.1–36.3)

Louisiana

35.0

(27.1–43.8)

34.3

(28.4–40.7)

34.5

(28.8–40.7)

44.6

(36.6–52.8)

37.7

(29.9–46.2)

41.1

(34.3–48.1)

Maine

27.7

(25.5–29.9)

33.8

(32.3–35.4)

30.8

(29.2–32.4)

22.1

(20.5–23.6)

25.8

(23.7–28.1)

24.1

(22.6–25.6)

Maryland

33.5

(31.3–35.6)

35.7

(32.2–39.4)

34.5

(32.3–36.8)

33.8

(31.3–36.4)

35.0

(30.3–40.0)

34.2

(31.2–37.4)

Massachusetts

31.0

(28.3–33.9)

32.9

(29.2–36.8)

32.0

(29.5–34.5)

28.2

(24.5–32.2)

28.5

(25.2–32.1)

28.4

(25.3–31.7)

Michigan

23.0

(20.2–26.0)

30.9

(27.4–34.6)

27.0

(24.7–29.5)

28.5

(24.1–33.4)

30.4

(26.4–34.8)

29.5

(25.7–33.6)

Mississippi

25.9

(22.8–29.4)

31.6

(27.6–35.8)

28.8

(25.9–31.9)

43.7

(38.4–49.1)

42.4

(37.2–47.8)

42.9

(38.5–47.5)

Montana

14.3

(12.5–16.2)

26.4

(24.2–28.8)

20.6

(19.0–22.2)

19.4

(17.5–21.5)

24.6

(22.8–26.6)

22.1

(20.6–23.8)

Nebraska

16.7

(15.1–18.4)

25.3

(22.8–28.0)

21.1

(19.5–22.7)

23.6

(21.5–25.7)

26.8

(24.5–29.2)

25.2

(23.6–26.9)

New Hampshire

New Jersey

34.3

(29.7–39.2)

40.2

(35.5–45.1)

37.3

(33.6–41.2)

33.6

(27.9–39.7)

32.3

(26.2–39.1)

32.9

(27.6–38.8)

New Mexico

21.2

(19.6–22.8)

29.5

(27.0–32.0)

25.4

(23.8–26.9)

28.3

(25.7–31.1)

30.5

(27.2–34.0)

29.4

(26.8–32.2)

New York

31.9

(29.1–34.9)

35.0

(32.0–38.1)

33.5

(31.0–36.0)

30.0

(26.6–33.5)

31.3

(28.7–34.0)

30.6

(28.1–33.3)

North Carolina

24.2

(20.4–28.5)

31.5

(27.0–36.3)

27.8

(24.2–31.8)

33.8

(29.7–38.3)

35.7

(30.9–40.7)

34.7

(31.3–38.3)

North Dakota

20.3

(17.2–23.7)

29.5

(26.2–33.0)

25.1

(22.9–27.4)

25.8

(22.5–29.3)

24.1

(21.1–27.4)

24.8

(22.6–27.2)

Ohio

19.5

(16.7–22.7)

35.0

(30.2–40.1)

27.4

(24.3–30.7)

29.6

(26.0–33.4)

32.5

(28.5–36.8)

30.9

(28.2–33.7)

Oklahoma

22.4

(19.3–25.9)

31.5

(25.5–38.2)

27.0

(23.6–30.7)

30.4

(24.2–37.3)

29.4

(23.7–35.8)

29.9

(24.7–35.7)

Rhode Island

26.4

(22.1–31.1)

30.6

(28.9–32.3)

28.4

(25.8–31.2)

28.2

(24.0–32.9)

27.7

(24.0–31.8)

28.0

(24.3–31.9)

South Carolina

28.7

(24.7–33.0)

29.5

(25.6–33.8)

28.9

(25.9–32.2)

41.6

(35.1–48.3)

36.8

(31.8–42.0)

39.2

(34.9–43.8)

South Dakota

17.3

(14.9–19.9)

28.9

(24.1–34.2)

23.3

(20.4–26.5)

22.0

(18.0–26.7)

25.6

(23.0–28.4)

23.8

(21.0–26.9)

Tennessee

26.4

(22.9–30.3)

34.1

(30.4–38.0)

30.3

(27.6–33.1)

34.2

(29.8–38.8)

36.1

(31.8–40.6)

35.1

(31.6–38.9)

Texas

29.4

(26.5–32.5)

35.1

(31.6–38.7)

32.2

(29.7–34.9)

37.7

(33.5–42.2)

36.7

(33.1–40.4)

37.2

(33.7–40.8)

Utah

12.1

(9.8–15.0)

24.8

(21.6–28.4)

18.7

(16.4–21.1)

18.7

(15.3–22.7)

19.8

(16.3–23.8)

19.3

(17.2–21.6)

Vermont

Virginia

28.6

(24.3–33.3)

30.2

(25.9–35.0)

29.4

(26.0–33.1)

32.7

(27.9–38.0)

29.6

(25.9–33.6)

31.1

(27.5–34.9)

West Virginia

30.1

(26.7–33.9)

34.2

(30.2–38.5)

32.2

(28.8–35.7)

28.3

(23.4–33.8)

34.1

(29.6–38.9)

31.2

(27.1–35.6)

Wisconsin

16.6

(13.9–19.7)

29.7

(26.3–33.2)

23.3

(20.8–26.0)

23.7

(20.5–27.2)

24.3

(21.6–27.2)

24.0

(21.4–26.8)

Wyoming

15.2

(12.8–17.9)

25.5

(22.8–28.2)

20.4

(18.7–22.3)

19.7

(17.3–22.3)

21.4

(18.9–24.1)

20.6

(18.8–22.6)

Median

24.7

31.7

28.8

28.3

30.4

29.5

Range

12.1–36.5

24.8–40.2

18.7–37.3

18.7–44.6

19.8–42.4

19.3–42.9


TABLE 96. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who played video or computer games or used a computer* for 3 or more hours/day and who watched 3 or more hours/day of television, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Used computers 3 or more hours/day

Watched television 3 or more hours/day

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

38.5

(33.3–44.0)

37.6

(31.7–43.9)

38.1

(33.3–43.2)

42.2

(35.7–49.0)

41.6

(36.2–47.2)

42.0

(36.8–47.3)

Broward County, FL

36.3

(32.4–40.3)

39.7

(36.3–43.2)

38.2

(35.7–40.7)

39.4

(35.5–43.4)

41.8

(38.1–45.7)

40.6

(37.8–43.5)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

32.0

(28.0–36.3)

35.0

(31.3–38.9)

33.5

(30.8–36.4)

37.7

(33.8–41.7)

35.6

(31.5–39.9)

36.6

(33.7–39.6)

Chicago, IL

31.4

(28.1–34.8)

35.9

(31.6–40.3)

33.3

(30.8–35.9)

41.5

(37.0–46.3)

40.6

(35.8–45.5)

40.8

(37.5–44.2)

Dallas, TX

33.4

(29.5–37.4)

35.7

(30.7–41.0)

34.5

(31.6–37.5)

45.9

(41.6–50.3)

39.9

(35.3–44.7)

43.1

(40.3–45.9)

Detroit, MI

25.5

(22.3–29.0)

32.3

(27.9–37.0)

28.8

(25.7–32.0)

39.8

(36.0–43.8)

49.5

(44.6–54.4)

44.4

(41.2–47.6)

District of Columbia

35.2

(31.0–39.7)

36.5

(31.6–41.6)

35.6

(32.0–39.4)

40.5

(36.6–44.5)

36.1

(31.5–41.0)

38.3

(35.0–41.7)

Duval County, FL

30.8

(28.5–33.3)

37.9

(35.2–40.8)

34.3

(32.4–36.2)

42.5

(39.2–45.8)

39.9

(37.1–42.8)

41.1

(38.8–43.5)

Houston, TX

33.5

(30.8–36.3)

35.5

(32.3–38.8)

34.5

(32.2–36.9)

44.3

(40.1–48.6)

37.4

(33.6–41.3)

40.9

(37.9–43.9)

Los Angeles, CA

29.9

(24.5–35.8)

35.6

(31.5–39.8)

32.9

(29.1–36.9)

38.0

(32.5–43.8)

34.9

(30.7–39.4)

36.4

(33.0–39.8)

Memphis, TN

38.4

(34.6–42.3)

44.1

(40.0–48.3)

41.2

(38.5–44.0)

55.4

(50.9–59.9)

57.5

(53.0–61.9)

56.4

(53.0–59.8)

Miami-Dade County, FL

35.5

(32.4–38.7)

39.6

(36.3–43.0)

37.5

(35.3–39.8)

37.7

(33.9–41.7)

38.9

(35.4–42.6)

38.4

(35.9–40.9)

Milwaukee, WI

27.4

(24.2–30.8)

36.3

(32.6–40.3)

32.1

(29.6–34.6)

46.0

(42.2–49.8)

40.0

(36.3–43.8)

42.8

(40.0–45.6)

New York City, NY

43.8

(41.3–46.3)

44.2

(42.2–46.1)

43.9

(42.2–45.6)

39.5

(35.4–43.7)

36.4

(32.9–40.1)

38.0

(34.5–41.6)

Orange County, FL

33.8

(30.1–37.7)

39.5

(35.2–44.1)

36.6

(33.6–39.6)

31.0

(27.4–34.9)

35.3

(31.3–39.6)

33.0

(30.1–36.1)

Palm Beach County, FL

33.4

(30.2–36.8)

38.0

(34.1–42.1)

35.8

(33.0–38.7)

36.3

(33.1–39.5)

39.3

(35.8–43.0)

37.9

(35.3–40.5)

Philadelphia, PA

35.9

(31.7–40.3)

45.8

(41.5–50.2)

40.4

(37.1–43.8)

44.4

(40.1–48.8)

47.4

(42.9–52.0)

45.8

(42.7–48.9)

San Bernardino, CA

28.9

(25.4–32.7)

40.1

(36.5–43.8)

34.6

(32.0–37.2)

44.5

(39.9–49.3)

46.3

(41.9–50.8)

45.4

(42.2–48.8)

San Diego, CA

28.7

(24.7–33.0)

34.5

(30.5–38.8)

31.7

(28.2–35.4)

31.2

(27.0–35.7)

34.8

(30.2–39.7)

33.0

(29.4–36.8)

San Francisco, CA

41.5

(37.3–45.7)

45.6

(42.1–49.1)

43.5

(40.5–46.5)

29.1

(26.3–32.1)

23.8

(20.7–27.3)

26.5

(24.3–28.9)

Seattle, WA

23.2

(20.4–26.4)

32.8

(29.2–36.7)

28.2

(25.7–30.8)

21.0

(17.8–24.6)

24.3

(20.3–28.8)

22.7

(19.9–25.7)

Median

33.4

37.6

34.6

39.8

39.3

40.6

Range

23.2–43.8

32.3–45.8

28.2–43.9

21.0–55.4

23.8–57.5

22.7–56.4

* For something that was not school work.

On an average school day.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Not available.


TABLE 97. Percentage of high school students who attended physical education (PE) classes, by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Attended PE classes*

Attended PE classes daily

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White

47.4

(37.7–57.3)

56.3

(49.0–63.4)

51.9

(43.7–60.1)

28.8

(20.7–38.4)

37.0

(30.6–44.0)

33.0

(25.9–41.0)

Black

40.7

(34.6–47.0)

58.0

(52.8–63.1)

49.3

(44.2–54.5)

22.1

(15.0–31.2)

33.2

(26.6–40.5)

27.6

(20.9–35.5)

Hispanic

48.6

(41.5–55.7)

58.1

(51.6–64.3)

53.5

(48.0–58.9)

25.7

(20.2–32.0)

34.1

(29.3–39.3)

30.0

(25.4–35.1)

Grade

9

65.3

(56.4–73.3)

70.8

(64.3–76.6)

68.1

(60.9–74.6)

38.6

(30.9–46.9)

44.0

(37.6–50.6)

41.3

(34.7–48.3)

10

49.8

(42.0–57.5)

59.2

(53.2–64.9)

54.6

(48.3–60.8)

29.3

(22.1–37.7)

36.7

(30.7–43.2)

33.1

(26.8–40.2)

11

36.3

(27.8–45.7)

49.2

(43.0–55.5)

42.9

(35.7–50.3)

18.4

(12.2–26.8)

31.6

(25.8–38.2)

25.1

(19.2–32.2)

12

32.1

(24.9–40.3)

44.7

(37.0–52.6)

38.5

(31.6–45.9)

20.4

(14.6–27.7)

27.9

(21.8–35.0)

24.2

(18.6–30.8)

Total

46.7

(39.9–53.7)

56.7

(51.3–62.0)

51.8

(46.0–57.6)

27.2

(21.1–34.3)

35.5

(30.5–40.8)

31.5

(26.1–37.4)

* On 1 or more days in an average week when they were in school.

5 days in an average week when they were in school.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 98. Percentage of high school students who attended physical education (PE) classes, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Attended PE classes*

Attended PE classes daily

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

35.5

(28.6–43.2)

57.1

(51.5–62.6)

46.3

(41.1–51.6)

25.7

(21.5–30.5)

44.7

(38.3–51.3)

35.2

(30.7–39.9)

Alaska

37.8

(30.4–45.9)

55.3

(47.8–62.5)

46.8

(39.9–53.8)

12.8

(9.4–17.3)

21.8

(17.7–26.6)

17.4

(14.1–21.4)

Arizona

34.4

(26.6–43.2)

49.0

(41.5–56.6)

41.7

(35.3–48.3)

23.2

(18.4–28.8)

36.3

(28.6–44.7)

29.6

(24.2–35.7)

Arkansas

30.2

(25.1–35.8)

38.2

(34.0–42.6)

34.2

(30.2–38.5)

20.4

(15.5–26.2)

28.0

(23.1–33.4)

24.2

(20.0–28.9)

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware

39.8

(34.1–45.7)

45.9

(40.7–51.1)

42.7

(38.1–47.4)

23.3

(18.7–28.6)

27.4

(23.2–31.9)

25.3

(21.6–29.3)

Florida

34.6

(31.7–37.5)

52.5

(49.3–55.8)

43.5

(40.9–46.3)

16.2

(14.0–18.7)

29.3

(25.7–33.2)

22.7

(20.0–25.6)

Georgia

36.7

(30.8–43.0)

55.6

(49.6–61.5)

46.2

(41.0–51.6)

21.9

(16.5–28.3)

37.7

(32.7–43.0)

29.7

(25.8–34.0)

Hawaii

35.1

(31.9–38.4)

48.5

(43.2–53.8)

41.6

(37.7–45.6)

4.0

(3.1–5.2)

9.9

(7.3–13.3)

6.9

(5.5–8.6)

Idaho

34.9

(29.5–40.7)

56.4

(50.7–62.0)

46.1

(40.9–51.3)

16.8

(12.5–22.4)

33.6

(25.4–43.0)

25.6

(19.5–32.7)

Illinois

83.4

(76.0–88.8)

82.2

(75.3–87.5)

82.8

(76.0–88.0)

71.2

(61.1–79.5)

71.3

(63.8–77.8)

71.2

(63.3–78.1)

Indiana

25.3

(18.9–33.0)

44.1

(36.9–51.6)

34.9

(28.7–41.7)

16.6

(10.7–24.8)

22.6

(16.2–30.7)

19.7

(13.9–27.0)

Iowa

69.3

(60.8–76.7)

72.2

(64.4–78.8)

70.8

(63.6–77.1)

20.9

(12.4–33.0)

24.2

(14.5–37.7)

22.6

(13.7–34.9)

Kansas

41.0

(33.3–49.3)

60.4

(53.6–66.7)

50.9

(44.2–57.6)

18.9

(13.9–25.2)

33.4

(25.9–41.8)

26.2

(20.2–33.4)

Kentucky

26.5

(22.3–31.2)

43.9

(38.6–49.4)

35.4

(31.4–39.5)

15.3

(11.6–19.9)

24.8

(20.5–29.6)

20.0

(16.6–23.9)

Louisiana

51.9

(40.5–63.2)

64.5

(57.2–71.1)

58.1

(49.2–66.5)

39.0

(28.3–50.9)

46.5

(37.7–55.6)

42.5

(32.9–52.7)

Maine

34.7

(31.5–38.0)

40.8

(37.7–44.0)

37.8

(34.9–40.8)

5.6

(3.8–8.2)

7.0

(4.9–9.9)

6.3

(4.4–8.9)

Maryland

31.1

(24.7–38.4)

44.4

(38.8–50.1)

37.8

(32.9–43.0)

14.5

(10.3–19.9)

24.2

(20.0–29.1)

19.3

(15.6–23.5)

Massachusetts

53.9

(46.7–60.9)

57.5

(50.9–63.7)

55.7

(49.2–62.0)

16.6

(11.6–23.2)

18.4

(14.0–23.9)

17.6

(13.1–23.3)

Michigan

24.5

(20.1–29.5)

42.8

(36.5–49.3)

33.9

(29.1–39.0)

18.7

(14.9–23.2)

34.5

(29.2–40.2)

26.7

(22.5–31.3)

Mississippi

38.6

(32.1–45.5)

55.2

(49.4–60.8)

46.8

(41.1–52.6)

23.6

(18.3–29.8)

34.9

(29.4–40.7)

29.2

(24.5–34.4)

Montana

51.0

(46.7–55.3)

60.8

(56.8–64.6)

56.0

(52.2–59.8)

29.1

(24.7–33.8)

37.0

(32.5–41.8)

33.1

(28.9–37.6)

Nebraska

40.4

(36.9–43.9)

55.3

(51.8–58.7)

48.1

(45.2–51.0)

27.9

(24.9–31.2)

38.7

(35.3–42.1)

33.5

(30.9–36.2)

New Hampshire

New Jersey

85.6

(79.6–90.0)

87.7

(83.0–91.3)

86.7

(81.9–90.4)

54.5

(40.8–67.5)

56.0

(44.7–66.7)

55.2

(43.5–66.4)

New Mexico

44.8

(39.2–50.6)

59.5

(56.6–62.3)

52.2

(48.4–56.1)

22.9

(18.1–28.6)

33.7

(27.8–40.2)

28.4

(23.2–34.2)

New York

92.6

(90.2–94.4)

90.1

(86.9–92.5)

91.3

(88.9–93.2)

17.4

(14.4–21.0)

19.7

(16.3–23.6)

18.5

(15.7–21.7)

North Carolina

North Dakota

Ohio

30.0

(23.4–37.6)

40.9

(34.7–47.3)

35.7

(31.1–40.6)

20.0

(15.1–26.0)

26.7

(20.5–34.0)

23.3

(18.9–28.5)

Oklahoma

26.9

(22.0–32.4)

46.7

(39.5–54.1)

36.8

(31.6–42.3)

20.6

(15.9–26.3)

41.1

(34.1–48.5)

30.9

(26.1–36.1)

Rhode Island

79.5

(71.4–85.7)

77.1

(70.7–82.5)

78.3

(71.5–83.9)

23.1

(13.8–36.1)

23.4

(15.0–34.6)

23.2

(14.5–34.9)

South Carolina

32.1

(24.2–41.1)

49.9

(41.8–57.9)

41.0

(34.2–48.2)

17.7

(10.7–27.8)

30.8

(23.3–39.4)

24.2

(17.5–32.5)

South Dakota

29.0

(20.8–38.9)

36.3

(27.2–46.5)

32.8

(24.9–41.8)

18.4

(11.0–29.2)

22.7

(15.2–32.6)

20.6

(13.7–29.7)

Tennessee

36.9

(31.8–42.3)

44.4

(38.1–50.9)

40.7

(35.5–46.1)

20.6

(14.9–27.6)

25.9

(20.2–32.6)

23.2

(17.9–29.7)

Texas

46.6

(42.2–51.0)

54.8

(50.2–59.3)

50.8

(46.6–55.0)

33.3

(28.7–38.3)

38.7

(34.9–42.7)

36.0

(32.1–40.2)

Utah

50.8

(45.7–55.9)

58.6

(53.4–63.6)

55.0

(50.4–59.5)

14.3

(10.3–19.7)

16.9

(12.8–22.0)

15.7

(11.8–20.5)

Vermont

34.7

(31.2–38.3)

41.2

(36.7–45.9)

38.0

(34.1–42.0)

11.2

(7.2–17.1)

15.4

(10.2–22.5)

13.4

(8.8–19.8)

Virginia

44.4

(36.0–53.1)

55.8

(47.2–64.0)

50.1

(42.4–57.9)

14.0

(9.5–20.1)

21.3

(14.9–29.5)

17.7

(12.8–23.9)

West Virginia

28.3

(21.4–36.5)

42.8

(35.0–50.9)

35.7

(29.3–42.7)

23.1

(15.9–32.4)

32.0

(23.9–41.3)

27.7

(20.4–36.3)

Wisconsin

48.7

(42.6–54.8)

54.4

(47.1–61.4)

51.6

(45.4–57.7)

36.2

(30.1–42.8)

39.0

(31.6–46.9)

37.6

(31.3–44.4)

Wyoming

48.7

(44.1–53.4)

63.6

(58.7–68.2)

56.3

(52.0–60.4)

16.4

(13.0–20.6)

26.8

(22.6–31.3)

21.7

(18.4–25.5)

Median

37.3

55.0

46.2

20.2

28.6

24.2

Range

24.5–92.6

36.3–90.1

32.8–91.3

4.0–71.2

7.0–71.3

6.3–71.2


TABLE 98. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who attended physical education (PE) classes, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Attended PE classes*

Attended PE classes daily

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

29.3

(20.7–39.7)

34.3

(25.2–44.6)

31.7

(23.8–40.8)

7.8

(4.9–12.4)

10.3

(6.6–15.9)

9.0

(6.3–12.9)

Broward County, FL

33.4

(28.5–38.8)

46.1

(41.6–50.7)

40.0

(36.0–44.1)

15.8

(13.1–19.1)

24.4

(21.3–27.8)

20.4

(18.1–22.9)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

28.4

(22.7–35.0)

42.8

(36.9–49.0)

35.7

(30.9–40.9)

15.2

(10.3–21.8)

19.9

(14.9–26.1)

17.5

(13.6–22.3)

Chicago, IL

59.8

(51.8–67.2)

61.9

(55.5–67.9)

60.5

(54.1–66.5)

43.3

(33.0–54.2)

41.9

(35.0–49.3)

42.5

(34.4–51.1)

Dallas, TX

49.7

(42.8–56.7)

53.5

(46.9–59.9)

51.8

(46.0–57.5)

11.8

(8.7–15.8)

11.9

(9.0–15.8)

11.9

(9.5–14.9)

Detroit, MI

52.8

(48.5–57.1)

58.1

(53.4–62.7)

55.5

(51.9–59.1)

18.1

(15.0–21.7)

19.2

(15.2–23.9)

18.5

(15.5–22.0)

District of Columbia

32.9

(26.7–39.7)

35.9

(30.2–41.9)

34.2

(29.2–39.5)

12.3

(9.4–15.8)

11.6

(8.7–15.3)

11.9

(9.6–14.7)

Duval County, FL

38.1

(33.9–42.6)

51.4

(47.6–55.1)

44.8

(41.2–48.3)

6.5

(5.1–8.2)

11.6

(9.7–13.8)

9.0

(7.7–10.5)

Houston, TX

57.6

(52.0–63.0)

60.4

(56.1–64.6)

59.1

(54.8–63.2)

23.4

(19.7–27.5)

22.6

(19.1–26.6)

23.0

(20.1–26.1)

Los Angeles, CA

63.6

(52.0–73.8)

63.2

(51.6–73.5)

63.4

(52.1–73.4)

35.5

(26.5–45.7)

32.5

(25.7–40.1)

33.8

(26.3–42.3)

Memphis, TN

37.3

(31.7–43.2)

56.9

(50.7–62.8)

47.0

(41.8–52.4)

22.8

(18.1–28.4)

35.5

(30.4–41.0)

29.1

(24.9–33.8)

Miami-Dade County, FL

37.8

(32.0–44.0)

54.5

(49.2–59.7)

46.0

(41.1–51.0)

7.1

(4.7–10.6)

12.4

(10.2–15.0)

9.8

(7.8–12.2)

Milwaukee, WI

38.0

(34.0–42.2)

44.5

(39.6–49.5)

41.4

(37.4–45.4)

22.9

(19.5–26.8)

24.4

(20.8–28.4)

23.6

(20.5–27.0)

New York City, NY

82.3

(77.1–86.5)

76.3

(70.5–81.3)

79.5

(74.3–83.8)

42.7

(35.4–50.2)

40.1

(33.6–46.9)

41.3

(34.9–48.2)

Orange County, FL

36.2

(30.5–42.4)

51.3

(45.4–57.3)

43.8

(38.4–49.3)

18.8

(15.0–23.2)

31.5

(26.9–36.6)

25.1

(21.6–29.1)

Palm Beach County, FL

37.2

(31.1–43.7)

52.0

(46.3–57.7)

44.7

(39.3–50.3)

13.8

(10.1–18.4)

23.4

(19.8–27.5)

18.7

(15.5–22.3)

Philadelphia, PA

47.8

(42.0–53.6)

50.7

(44.6–56.7)

49.1

(44.0–54.3)

31.8

(25.7–38.5)

30.4

(23.8–37.9)

31.0

(25.2–37.5)

San Bernardino, CA

58.3

(50.3–66.0)

61.4

(52.3–69.8)

59.9

(51.8–67.4)

48.8

(41.1–56.4)

52.2

(43.7–60.7)

50.5

(43.0–58.0)

San Diego, CA

56.2

(46.8–65.1)

60.2

(52.6–67.4)

58.3

(50.2–65.9)

39.1

(31.6–47.2)

42.0

(36.0–48.2)

40.5

(34.2–47.3)

San Francisco, CA

50.4

(41.9–58.8)

53.3

(45.1–61.2)

51.6

(44.0–59.2)

22.8

(17.4–29.2)

24.9

(19.5–31.2)

23.7

(18.9–29.2)

Seattle, WA

30.0

(24.9–35.7)

40.2

(34.0–46.6)

35.2

(30.0–40.7)

14.4

(11.1–18.6)

20.6

(16.8–25.1)

17.5

(14.4–21.1)

Median

38.1

53.3

47.0

18.8

24.4

23.0

Range

28.4–82.3

34.3–76.3

31.7–79.5

6.5–48.8

10.3–52.2

9.0–50.5

* On 1 or more days in an average week when they were in school.

5 days in an average week when they were in school.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Not available.


TABLE 99. Percentage of high school students who played on at least one sports team,* by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White§

57.1

(53.4–60.7)

64.7

(61.3–67.9)

60.9

(57.7–64.1)

Black§

46.9

(43.0–50.9)

67.3

(63.4–71.0)

57.0

(54.1–59.9)

Hispanic

44.6

(41.8–47.5)

63.0

(60.0–65.9)

54.1

(52.3–55.8)

Grade

9

57.1

(52.9–61.2)

65.6

(61.8–69.2)

61.4

(58.1–64.6)

10

56.1

(52.7–59.5)

68.2

(63.3–72.6)

62.3

(58.8–65.8)

11

51.3

(46.8–55.7)

60.9

(57.6–64.1)

56.2

(52.7–59.5)

12

44.5

(40.9–48.3)

60.2

(56.7–63.6)

52.5

(49.5–55.5)

Total

52.6

(50.0–55.1)

64.0

(61.4–66.4)

58.4

(56.0–60.7)

* Run by their school or community groups during the 12 months before the survey.

95% confidence interval.

§ Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 100. Percentage of high school students who played on at least one sports team,* by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

46.3

(41.9–50.8)

62.8

(58.2–67.3)

54.7

(51.2–58.1)

Alaska

62.7

(58.0–67.1)

63.1

(58.8–67.2)

62.9

(59.6–66.1)

Arizona

46.2

(41.4–51.1)

54.8

(50.2–59.4)

50.4

(46.8–54.1)

Arkansas

51.0

(46.6–55.3)

60.4

(55.6–65.0)

55.7

(53.2–58.1)

Colorado

61.0

(53.9–67.7)

65.5

(59.2–71.2)

63.4

(57.6–68.8)

Connecticut

§

Delaware

50.8

(47.1–54.5)

60.3

(56.4–64.0)

55.3

(52.2–58.3)

Florida

45.7

(43.2–48.2)

57.3

(54.6–59.9)

51.4

(49.3–53.6)

Georgia

46.9

(42.4–51.4)

57.9

(52.7–62.9)

52.4

(48.9–55.9)

Hawaii

51.0

(48.3–53.6)

58.8

(55.0–62.4)

54.8

(52.6–56.9)

Idaho

54.0

(49.3–58.7)

64.3

(60.1–68.3)

59.3

(55.8–62.7)

Illinois

53.5

(48.7–58.2)

63.9

(59.7–67.9)

58.7

(55.1–62.2)

Indiana

52.1

(47.5–56.8)

58.7

(53.6–63.7)

55.4

(51.1–59.7)

Iowa

60.0

(56.5–63.5)

68.1

(64.9–71.2)

64.1

(61.7–66.5)

Kansas

53.5

(48.8–58.1)

65.6

(61.9–69.0)

59.7

(57.1–62.3)

Kentucky

44.6

(39.1–50.2)

47.9

(42.9–53.0)

46.3

(42.3–50.3)

Louisiana

44.0

(39.3–48.8)

59.1

(54.3–63.6)

51.3

(47.4–55.2)

Maine

Maryland

45.9

(40.2–51.8)

59.7

(55.2–64.1)

52.8

(48.6–56.9)

Massachusetts

54.1

(50.4–57.7)

65.2

(61.8–68.5)

59.6

(56.8–62.3)

Michigan

Mississippi

48.6

(44.7–52.4)

63.9

(60.8–66.9)

56.2

(53.3–59.2)

Montana

61.6

(59.3–63.9)

64.7

(61.9–67.4)

63.2

(61.2–65.2)

Nebraska

59.5

(56.6–62.4)

66.1

(63.6–68.5)

62.9

(60.8–64.9)

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New Mexico

New York

54.1

(49.3–58.9)

61.2

(57.5–64.8)

57.7

(54.3–61.1)

North Carolina

North Dakota

Ohio

53.5

(47.4–59.6)

57.7

(50.7–64.4)

55.8

(50.3–61.1)

Oklahoma

49.7

(43.5–55.9)

61.5

(55.1–67.6)

55.7

(50.7–60.5)

Rhode Island

53.4

(47.4–59.4)

56.8

(52.6–60.9)

55.1

(50.7–59.5)

South Carolina

45.8

(40.3–51.3)

60.2

(55.4–64.8)

52.9

(48.8–57.0)

South Dakota

Tennessee

48.3

(43.7–52.8)

59.1

(54.9–63.2)

53.8

(49.9–57.7)

Texas

51.6

(47.7–55.6)

63.4

(60.2–66.6)

57.6

(54.5–60.7)

Utah

54.5

(50.2–58.8)

64.4

(60.8–67.9)

59.6

(56.2–62.9)

Vermont

Virginia

52.3

(45.5–59.0)

62.9

(56.8–68.6)

57.7

(52.4–62.9)

West Virginia

54.5

(50.6–58.4)

59.2

(54.0–64.3)

56.9

(53.3–60.4)

Wisconsin

Wyoming

59.3

(56.0–62.5)

66.0

(62.2–69.6)

62.7

(59.9–65.4)

Median

52.2

61.3

56.0

Range

44.0–62.7

47.9–68.1

46.3–64.1


TABLE 100. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who played on at least one sports team,* by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

36.8

(31.4–42.5)

56.0

(50.9–61.0)

46.2

(42.6–49.9)

Broward County, FL

42.6

(38.8–46.4)

55.1

(51.3–58.8)

48.7

(46.1–51.4)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

39.9

(35.4–44.5)

59.1

(55.4–62.8)

49.3

(46.0–52.7)

Chicago, IL

48.0

(42.0–54.0)

61.1

(57.6–64.4)

53.9

(49.9–57.8)

Dallas, TX

44.0

(38.8–49.3)

52.0

(46.8–57.1)

47.9

(44.4–51.4)

Detroit, MI

District of Columbia

48.2

(42.7–53.8)

58.6

(54.4–62.6)

53.0

(49.1–56.9)

Duval County, FL

42.7

(39.9–45.4)

52.6

(49.3–55.9)

47.5

(45.4–49.7)

Houston, TX

39.4

(35.7–43.3)

49.7

(45.5–53.9)

44.6

(41.3–48.0)

Los Angeles, CA

41.8

(36.9–46.8)

53.3

(48.5–58.1)

47.7

(44.6–50.8)

Memphis, TN

44.4

(39.6–49.3)

62.4

(58.3–66.3)

53.3

(50.6–56.0)

Miami-Dade County, FL

38.0

(34.4–41.7)

52.8

(48.8–56.8)

45.2

(42.5–48.0)

Milwaukee, WI

New York City, NY

36.6

(33.8–39.5)

49.4

(46.9–51.9)

42.8

(40.5–45.0)

Orange County, FL

46.0

(42.8–49.2)

58.8

(54.2–63.2)

52.4

(49.8–54.9)

Palm Beach County, FL

45.0

(42.3–47.8)

57.2

(53.6–60.7)

51.2

(48.8–53.5)

Philadelphia, PA

37.0

(33.2–41.0)

56.3

(51.8–60.7)

46.3

(43.2–49.5)

San Bernardino, CA

47.3

(42.6–52.0)

59.0

(54.4–63.5)

53.1

(49.5–56.7)

San Diego, CA

44.0

(38.0–50.0)

56.6

(53.0–60.2)

50.5

(46.5–54.5)

San Francisco, CA

Seattle, WA

54.5

(50.6–58.4)

59.8

(55.3–64.1)

57.3

(54.7–59.8)

Median

43.3

56.4

49.0

Range

36.6–54.5

49.4–62.4

42.8–57.3

* Run by their school or community groups during the 12 months before the survey.

95% confidence interval.

§ Not available.


TABLE 101. Percentage of high school students who were obese* and who were overweight, by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Obese

Overweight

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White

7.7

(6.1–9.8)

15.0

(12.6–17.9)

11.5

(9.7–13.5)

13.8

(12.1–15.7)

14.7

(13.2–16.3)

14.2

(12.9–15.6)

Black

18.6

(15.4–22.2)

17.7

(15.4–20.3)

18.2

(16.4–20.1)

19.6

(16.7–22.8)

12.8

(10.8–15.0)

16.2

(14.7–17.7)

Hispanic

8.6

(7.0–10.6)

19.2

(17.3–21.2)

14.1

(12.5–15.8)

18.0

(15.5–20.8)

16.9

(15.4–18.5)

17.4

(15.7–19.3)

Grade

9

11.4

(9.3–13.8)

15.8

(13.5–18.4)

13.6

(11.9–15.6)

16.3

(13.8–19.1)

18.2

(15.8–20.9)

17.3

(15.3–19.5)

10

9.8

(8.0–12.0)

15.5

(12.6–19.0)

12.8

(10.9–15.0)

14.5

(12.8–16.4)

14.3

(12.0–16.9)

14.4

(12.8–16.0)

11

8.0

(6.6–9.6)

17.7

(14.8–20.9)

12.9

(11.1–14.8)

15.2

(13.3–17.4)

13.4

(11.6–15.6)

14.3

(12.9–15.9)

12

9.8

(7.7–12.5)

15.1

(12.6–17.9)

12.5

(10.7–14.5)

15.4

(13.4–17.6)

14.0

(12.0–16.2)

14.7

(13.4–16.0)

Total

9.8

(8.5–11.2)

16.1

(14.4–17.9)

13.0

(11.7–14.4)

15.4

(14.2–16.7)

15.1

(14.1–16.2)

15.2

(14.4–16.2)

* Students who were ≥95th percentile for body mass index, based on sex- and age-specific reference data from the 2000 CDC growth charts.

Students who were ≥85th percentile but <95th percentile for body mass index, based on sex- and age-specific reference data from the 2000 CDC growth charts.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 102. Percentage of high school students who were obese* and who were overweight, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Obese

Overweight

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

14.3

(10.4–19.3)

19.7

(15.6–24.6)

17.0

(13.5–21.2)

16.3

(12.3–21.2)

15.3

(12.5–18.7)

15.8

(13.0–19.0)

Alaska

8.8

(6.7–11.5)

14.0

(11.0–17.6)

11.5

(9.6–13.6)

14.7

(11.8–18.1)

14.1

(11.6–17.0)

14.4

(12.4–16.6)

Arizona

6.9

(5.4–8.7)

14.6

(11.9–17.8)

10.9

(9.1–12.9)

12.6

(10.5–15.0)

15.1

(13.0–17.5)

13.9

(12.2–15.7)

Arkansas

10.3

(7.9–13.3)

19.8

(16.5–23.7)

15.2

(13.2–17.4)

16.3

(13.3–19.8)

14.4

(11.5–18.0)

15.4

(13.4–17.6)

Colorado

2.6

(1.2–5.5)

11.7

(8.8–15.5)

7.3

(5.3–10.1)

8.2

(5.2–12.9)

13.0

(10.3–16.4)

10.7

(8.5–13.4)

Connecticut

8.4

(6.2–11.3)

16.5

(13.6–19.9)

12.5

(10.1–15.5)

11.7

(9.8–13.9)

16.5

(14.3–19.0)

14.1

(12.4–16.1)

Delaware

9.5

(7.7–11.7)

14.9

(12.8–17.3)

12.2

(10.8–13.8)

19.7

(17.1–22.6)

14.1

(11.8–16.8)

16.9

(14.9–19.0)

Florida

7.7

(6.6–9.0)

15.2

(13.7–16.9)

11.5

(10.4–12.7)

13.4

(11.9–15.1)

13.8

(12.5–15.3)

13.6

(12.6–14.7)

Georgia

11.7

(9.3–14.5)

18.2

(15.4–21.3)

15.0

(12.8–17.4)

14.9

(11.8–18.7)

16.6

(13.9–19.7)

15.8

(13.7–18.1)

Hawaii

8.7

(6.2–12.0)

17.7

(15.4–20.1)

13.2

(11.0–15.7)

13.2

(11.4–15.3)

13.6

(11.5–16.1)

13.4

(11.9–15.1)

Idaho

6.9

(4.9–9.6)

11.4

(9.2–14.0)

9.2

(7.8–10.9)

12.4

(10.3–14.9)

14.3

(11.8–17.3)

13.4

(11.7–15.3)

Illinois

7.1

(5.6–8.9)

15.9

(13.4–18.8)

11.6

(10.0–13.3)

15.7

(13.3–18.5)

13.2

(11.6–15.1)

14.5

(12.8–16.2)

Indiana

11.5

(9.5–13.8)

17.8

(14.7–21.4)

14.7

(13.1–16.6)

18.5

(16.0–21.4)

12.5

(10.1–15.6)

15.5

(13.5–17.6)

Iowa

10.1

(7.7–13.3)

16.2

(12.1–21.3)

13.2

(10.4–16.7)

14.5

(11.9–17.6)

14.5

(11.5–18.1)

14.5

(12.6–16.6)

Kansas

8.0

(6.2–10.3)

12.3

(10.2–14.8)

10.2

(8.8–11.8)

12.8

(10.7–15.3)

14.9

(12.5–17.5)

13.9

(12.2–15.7)

Kentucky

12.1

(9.8–14.9)

20.6

(17.3–24.5)

16.5

(14.1–19.1)

16.6

(14.9–18.5)

14.3

(11.9–17.1)

15.4

(13.9–17.1)

Louisiana

13.8

(9.0–20.5)

18.6

(14.4–23.8)

16.1

(13.7–18.9)

22.1

(16.4–29.0)

16.8

(12.6–22.0)

19.5

(15.4–24.4)

Maine

7.7

(6.4–9.2)

15.0

(13.4–16.8)

11.5

(10.2–13.0)

13.0

(11.5–14.7)

15.0

(13.8–16.3)

14.0

(13.0–15.2)

Maryland

10.5

(8.1–13.5)

13.4

(11.5–15.5)

12.0

(10.4–13.7)

15.3

(12.5–18.6)

15.5

(13.9–17.3)

15.4

(13.6–17.5)

Massachusetts

6.2

(4.6–8.3)

13.5

(11.4–15.9)

9.9

(8.3–11.8)

14.0

(11.9–16.3)

15.1

(12.9–17.6)

14.6

(13.2–16.0)

Michigan

8.1

(6.6–9.8)

15.8

(13.7–18.2)

12.1

(10.6–13.8)

15.4

(12.6–18.7)

15.2

(13.1–17.7)

15.3

(13.1–17.8)

Mississippi

13.5

(11.0–16.4)

18.2

(15.2–21.5)

15.8

(13.7–18.1)

18.1

(15.9–20.5)

14.9

(11.9–18.4)

16.5

(14.7–18.6)

Montana

5.4

(4.5–6.4)

11.4

(9.7–13.3)

8.5

(7.5–9.6)

11.6

(10.0–13.5)

14.0

(12.4–15.8)

12.9

(11.6–14.3)

Nebraska

8.0

(6.7–9.4)

15.0

(13.3–16.8)

11.6

(10.5–12.8)

13.6

(12.1–15.4)

13.5

(11.7–15.4)

13.6

(12.3–14.9)

New Hampshire

9.4

(7.0–12.4)

14.6

(12.1–17.6)

12.1

(10.5–13.9)

14.4

(11.2–18.2)

13.8

(11.2–17.0)

14.1

(12.0–16.4)

New Jersey

7.4

(5.6–9.6)

14.7

(11.3–18.8)

11.0

(9.2–13.2)

15.1

(12.5–18.2)

15.3

(12.1–19.1)

15.2

(13.4–17.1)

New Mexico

7.8

(6.8–9.0)

17.5

(14.5–21.0)

12.8

(10.9–15.1)

14.1

(12.4–16.0)

14.7

(13.4–16.2)

14.4

(13.3–15.7)

New York

8.0

(6.7–9.6)

13.9

(12.4–15.7)

11.0

(9.8–12.3)

14.9

(12.9–17.3)

14.6

(13.3–15.9)

14.7

(13.8–15.8)

North Carolina

10.9

(7.9–14.8)

14.8

(11.6–18.6)

12.9

(10.1–16.4)

16.4

(13.7–19.5)

15.5

(13.2–18.1)

15.9

(14.0–18.0)

North Dakota

7.4

(5.4–10.0)

14.4

(11.7–17.4)

11.0

(9.4–12.8)

15.1

(12.6–18.0)

13.9

(11.2–17.2)

14.5

(12.6–16.7)

Ohio

11.8

(9.0–15.4)

17.4

(13.6–22.0)

14.7

(11.9–18.0)

13.3

(10.1–17.1)

17.2

(13.5–21.6)

15.3

(13.1–17.7)

Oklahoma

15.5

(12.3–19.5)

17.9

(13.8–22.9)

16.7

(13.9–19.9)

15.2

(12.6–18.2)

17.5

(13.8–22.0)

16.3

(13.7–19.3)

Rhode Island

8.4

(6.3–11.1)

13.2

(10.1–17.2)

10.8

(8.8–13.3)

14.9

(12.3–17.9)

14.9

(12.7–17.3)

14.9

(12.9–17.1)

South Carolina

8.4

(5.8–12.0)

18.1

(14.5–22.2)

13.3

(10.6–16.5)

18.4

(14.7–22.8)

14.3

(12.1–16.8)

16.3

(13.9–19.1)

South Dakota

7.5

(5.2–10.7)

12.0

(9.9–14.6)

9.8

(8.0–11.9)

14.3

(11.7–17.4)

13.9

(11.5–16.7)

14.1

(12.8–15.5)

Tennessee

12.4

(10.3–14.8)

17.9

(15.5–20.5)

15.2

(13.7–16.9)

17.5

(15.0–20.4)

17.1

(14.9–19.6)

17.3

(15.5–19.3)

Texas

11.9

(9.9–14.2)

19.0

(16.4–21.9)

15.6

(13.7–17.6)

18.3

(16.1–20.7)

13.8

(12.3–15.6)

16.0

(14.7–17.4)

Utah

4.8

(3.2–7.0)

12.2

(10.3–14.4)

8.6

(7.1–10.4)

10.7

(7.9–14.3)

13.6

(11.6–15.8)

12.2

(10.3–14.3)

Vermont

6.4

(4.6–8.6)

13.2

(11.2–15.6)

9.9

(8.1–12.0)

11.4

(9.5–13.7)

14.5

(13.1–16.1)

13.0

(11.4–14.8)

Virginia

10.7

(8.1–14.1)

11.4

(8.9–14.5)

11.1

(8.8–13.8)

16.5

(12.7–21.1)

18.0

(15.6–20.5)

17.2

(14.7–20.1)

West Virginia

9.5

(7.1–12.6)

19.5

(16.3–23.1)

14.6

(12.4–17.2)

15.3

(12.7–18.3)

16.1

(12.9–20.0)

15.7

(13.5–18.3)

Wisconsin

6.8

(5.6–8.4)

13.9

(11.7–16.4)

10.4

(9.0–12.1)

15.0

(12.6–17.9)

14.9

(13.1–16.9)

15.0

(13.5–16.5)

Wyoming

7.0

(5.5–8.8)

14.9

(13.0–17.0)

11.1

(9.8–12.5)

12.6

(10.6–14.9)

11.5

(9.7–13.6)

12.0

(10.5–13.7)

Median

8.4

15.0

12.0

14.9

14.6

14.7

Range

2.6–15.5

11.4–20.6

7.3–17.0

8.2–22.1

11.5–18.0

10.7–19.5


TABLE 102. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who were obese* and who were overweight, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Obese

Overweight

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

14.2

(11.0–18.3)

14.4

(11.4–18.0)

14.3

(11.9–17.1)

17.0

(13.8–20.8)

18.9

(14.8–23.9)

18.0

(14.8–21.7)

Broward County, FL

6.7

(4.8–9.2)

12.1

(10.0–14.6)

9.5

(7.8–11.4)

12.9

(10.6–15.7)

14.5

(12.0–17.4)

13.7

(11.9–15.7)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

11.9

(9.6–14.7)

13.6

(11.0–16.8)

12.8

(10.9–15.0)

15.2

(12.9–17.9)

14.6

(12.2–17.4)

14.9

(13.2–16.8)

Chicago, IL

11.8

(9.8–14.1)

19.5

(16.9–22.5)

15.5

(13.8–17.4)

21.9

(18.5–25.7)

14.2

(11.6–17.3)

18.2

(15.9–20.8)

Dallas, TX

13.0

(10.1–16.4)

17.6

(14.4–21.4)

15.3

(12.9–17.9)

19.9

(15.9–24.5)

21.0

(17.4–25.1)

20.4

(17.6–23.5)

Detroit, MI

19.0

(16.6–21.7)

18.7

(16.1–21.7)

18.9

(17.0–20.9)

24.8

(22.2–27.6)

20.4

(17.3–23.8)

22.7

(20.8–24.8)

District of Columbia

15.5

(12.9–18.7)

13.4

(10.5–17.0)

14.5

(12.4–17.0)

19.5

(16.3–23.1)

16.4

(13.7–19.6)

18.0

(15.7–20.5)

Duval County, FL

9.1

(7.7–10.8)

14.7

(12.7–16.9)

11.9

(10.6–13.3)

17.1

(15.2–19.2)

13.5

(11.7–15.5)

15.3

(14.0–16.7)

Houston, TX

11.4

(9.4–13.9)

15.7

(13.5–18.2)

13.6

(12.1–15.4)

19.1

(16.4–22.2)

16.6

(14.2–19.3)

17.8

(16.1–19.7)

Los Angeles, CA

6.3

(5.0–7.9)

19.8

(16.7–23.2)

13.3

(11.4–15.3)

18.0

(14.9–21.6)

15.9

(13.0–19.2)

16.9

(14.8–19.2)

Memphis, TN

18.4

(15.4–21.8)

18.5

(15.5–21.9)

18.4

(16.4–20.6)

19.7

(17.0–22.8)

13.7

(11.1–16.8)

16.8

(14.8–19.0)

Miami-Dade County, FL

9.6

(7.8–11.8)

16.0

(13.6–18.7)

12.7

(11.2–14.4)

15.2

(13.0–17.8)

14.8

(12.5–17.5)

15.0

(13.4–16.8)

Milwaukee, WI

15.0

(12.9–17.3)

18.9

(16.7–21.4)

17.0

(15.4–18.7)

23.5

(20.1–27.3)

13.4

(10.9–16.4)

18.4

(16.3–20.7)

New York City, NY

9.1

(7.8–10.6)

14.1

(12.7–15.6)

11.6

(10.6–12.8)

16.4

(15.1–17.9)

14.6

(13.3–15.9)

15.5

(14.5–16.5)

Orange County, FL

7.4

(5.4–10.2)

12.6

(9.9–15.8)

10.0

(8.2–12.1)

11.7

(9.3–14.6)

12.3

(10.3–14.7)

12.0

(10.4–13.8)

Palm Beach County, FL

6.8

(5.3–8.6)

11.8

(9.6–14.5)

9.3

(8.0–10.9)

13.0

(11.2–14.9)

14.5

(12.3–17.1)

13.8

(12.3–15.4)

Philadelphia, PA

15.0

(12.4–18.0)

19.7

(16.3–23.7)

17.3

(15.1–19.8)

21.6

(19.0–24.4)

13.8

(11.5–16.4)

17.7

(15.9–19.6)

San Bernardino, CA

12.4

(10.0–15.3)

18.0

(15.1–21.3)

15.2

(13.2–17.4)

19.2

(16.3–22.4)

17.3

(14.5–20.4)

18.2

(16.1–20.6)

San Diego, CA

6.9

(5.3–9.0)

15.5

(12.9–18.6)

11.4

(9.6–13.4)

13.4

(10.9–16.4)

18.5

(15.5–21.9)

16.0

(13.8–18.6)

San Francisco, CA

6.1

(4.1–8.9)

8.8

(6.9–11.2)

7.4

(5.8–9.4)

10.4

(8.2–13.1)

12.7

(10.4–15.5)

11.6

(9.9–13.5)

Seattle, WA

6.2

(4.6–8.3)

9.5

(7.5–11.9)

7.9

(6.6–9.5)

13.2

(10.7–16.1)

13.6

(11.3–16.1)

13.4

(11.8–15.1)

Median

11.4

15.5

13.3

17.1

14.6

16.8

Range

6.1–19.0

8.8–19.8

7.4–18.9

10.4–24.8

12.3–21.0

11.6–22.7

* Students who were ≥95th percentile for body mass index, based on sex- and age-specific reference data from the 2000 CDC growth charts.

Students who were ≥85th percentile but <95th percentile for body mass index, based on sex- and age-specific reference data from the 2000 CDC growth charts.

§ 95% confidence interval.


TABLE 103. Percentage of high school students who described themselves as slightly or very overweight and who were trying to lose weight, by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Described themselves as overweight

Were trying to lose weight

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI*

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White

33.7

(31.2–36.4)

23.7

(21.6–25.9)

28.5

(26.4–30.7)

61.4

(58.8–63.9)

29.2

(26.7–31.7)

44.8

(42.4–47.2)

Black

35.4

(31.5–39.5)

18.2

(16.2–20.5)

26.8

(24.8–28.9)

55.2

(50.8–59.4)

26.6

(23.4–30.2)

40.9

(38.3–43.5)

Hispanic

36.3

(33.4–39.3)

27.4

(25.3–29.6)

31.7

(29.8–33.7)

66.4

(63.0–69.7)

39.6

(37.8–41.5)

52.6

(50.3–54.9)

Grade

9

33.4

(30.4–36.5)

23.5

(21.2–26.1)

28.3

(26.1–30.7)

59.2

(55.8–62.5)

33.3

(30.1–36.7)

45.9

(43.2–48.7)

10

34.3

(31.3–37.5)

23.0

(20.7–25.5)

28.4

(26.2–30.7)

61.6

(58.1–65.1)

30.4

(27.5–33.5)

45.4

(42.5–48.2)

11

35.3

(32.5–38.2)

23.6

(20.9–26.6)

29.3

(27.0–31.7)

61.6

(58.8–64.4)

30.7

(27.9–33.7)

45.9

(43.7–48.2)

12

36.4

(33.1–39.7)

25.4

(23.0–27.9)

30.7

(28.5–33.1)

63.0

(59.0–66.9)

31.2

(28.4–34.1)

46.8

(44.0–49.6)

Total

34.8

(33.0–36.7)

23.9

(22.5–25.4)

29.2

(27.7–30.6)

61.2

(59.4–63.1)

31.6

(29.9–33.3)

46.0

(44.3–47.7)

* 95% confidence interval.

Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 104. Percentage of high school students who described themselves as slightly or very overweight and who were trying to lose weight, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Described themselves as overweight

Were trying to lose weight

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI*

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

37.6

(32.3–43.3)

22.9

(19.0–27.3)

30.2

(26.9–33.6)

58.3

(53.1–63.4)

29.9

(25.1–35.2)

43.9

(40.6–47.3)

Alaska

35.7

(31.5–40.3)

22.3

(19.1–26.0)

28.9

(26.5–31.4)

59.9

(55.7–63.9)

32.6

(28.6–37.0)

45.8

(43.1–48.6)

Arizona

33.8

(30.8–37.0)

25.3

(22.6–28.2)

29.4

(27.0–31.8)

62.1

(58.6–65.5)

31.5

(27.3–35.9)

46.6

(43.2–50.1)

Arkansas

35.3

(31.3–39.5)

23.2

(19.4–27.5)

29.1

(25.8–32.7)

59.2

(55.3–62.9)

31.7

(27.5–36.2)

45.2

(42.1–48.4)

Colorado

28.7

(23.9–34.1)

19.3

(17.3–21.6)

24.1

(21.3–27.2)

53.8

(49.2–58.3)

26.1

(22.6–29.9)

39.6

(36.7–42.4)

Connecticut

31.0

(28.2–34.0)

26.2

(23.6–29.1)

28.7

(26.5–30.9)

59.8

(55.6–63.9)

34.7

(30.4–39.3)

47.1

(43.9–50.3)

Delaware

33.6

(30.3–37.1)

21.7

(19.1–24.6)

27.8

(25.7–30.0)

60.8

(57.8–63.7)

30.2

(27.5–33.2)

45.7

(43.5–48.1)

Florida

30.1

(28.1–32.2)

23.2

(21.3–25.2)

26.6

(24.9–28.4)

57.7

(55.8–59.5)

29.6

(27.6–31.7)

43.4

(41.7–45.2)

Georgia

34.3

(30.5–38.4)

23.3

(19.7–27.4)

28.7

(26.3–31.4)

55.8

(52.4–59.1)

33.1

(29.7–36.8)

44.4

(42.0–46.8)

Hawaii

35.2

(32.5–38.1)

28.5

(25.9–31.2)

31.9

(29.7–34.1)

62.6

(60.1–65.0)

35.9

(32.7–39.2)

49.3

(47.3–51.4)

Idaho

37.3

(32.6–42.2)

20.4

(17.3–24.0)

28.6

(25.4–32.1)

61.0

(57.0–64.9)

27.0

(24.1–30.1)

43.5

(40.4–46.7)

Illinois

33.1

(29.8–36.4)

24.3

(21.1–27.7)

28.6

(26.1–31.3)

61.5

(57.9–65.0)

35.1

(32.2–38.2)

48.3

(44.9–51.7)

Indiana

37.3

(34.7–39.9)

26.6

(21.8–32.0)

31.8

(28.9–34.8)

63.2

(58.7–67.6)

35.7

(31.1–40.5)

49.2

(45.6–52.8)

Iowa

36.1

(32.3–40.0)

25.7

(22.0–29.7)

30.7

(28.1–33.6)

60.1

(56.7–63.4)

30.4

(26.1–35.0)

44.9

(41.2–48.6)

Kansas

34.2

(30.6–38.1)

20.0

(17.0–23.3)

26.9

(24.4–29.6)

59.4

(55.5–63.1)

29.9

(26.7–33.2)

44.3

(41.5–47.1)

Kentucky

36.7

(33.1–40.5)

23.2

(20.8–25.7)

30.0

(27.6–32.5)

60.3

(57.1–63.4)

33.5

(30.8–36.4)

46.9

(44.5–49.3)

Louisiana

36.8

(30.3–43.7)

23.6

(18.3–29.9)

30.4

(25.0–36.5)

56.4

(51.0–61.6)

34.5

(31.1–38.1)

45.4

(41.2–49.7)

Maine

Maryland

30.8

(27.1–34.7)

21.8

(19.8–24.1)

26.3

(24.1–28.7)

58.0

(54.1–61.8)

31.0

(27.1–35.1)

44.2

(40.8–47.7)

Massachusetts

31.9

(29.3–34.6)

23.4

(21.2–25.7)

27.6

(25.7–29.6)

59.6

(56.4–62.7)

31.5

(28.5–34.6)

45.3

(42.9–47.8)

Michigan

31.3

(29.2–33.6)

25.2

(22.4–28.3)

28.2

(26.3–30.2)

59.0

(55.5–62.4)

32.0

(28.9–35.1)

45.2

(42.6–47.8)

Mississippi

31.7

(28.9–34.7)

18.4

(15.8–21.2)

25.0

(22.6–27.6)

58.3

(54.4–62.2)

28.4

(25.3–31.7)

43.5

(41.1–46.0)

Montana

31.5

(29.3–33.7)

21.6

(19.8–23.5)

26.3

(24.9–27.8)

55.3

(52.8–57.9)

25.8

(23.5–28.2)

40.1

(38.2–42.0)

Nebraska

33.1

(31.1–35.1)

24.2

(22.1–26.5)

28.5

(27.0–30.0)

55.5

(53.0–58.1)

31.2

(28.8–33.7)

43.0

(41.4–44.7)

New Hampshire

New Jersey

34.3

(30.3–38.6)

24.8

(21.8–28.1)

29.4

(26.7–32.3)

61.5

(57.6–65.3)

33.8

(30.0–37.7)

47.4

(44.7–50.2)

New Mexico

New York

32.3

(29.9–34.7)

23.5

(20.8–26.3)

27.8

(26.0–29.7)

59.3

(55.6–62.9)

32.2

(28.9–35.8)

45.6

(43.0–48.3)

North Carolina

33.4

(30.2–36.7)

20.9

(18.1–24.1)

27.1

(24.8–29.5)

60.1

(56.6–63.5)

30.1

(26.1–34.4)

44.8

(41.8–47.9)

North Dakota

33.3

(29.9–37.0)

24.2

(21.2–27.6)

28.6

(26.1–31.3)

58.9

(55.1–62.5)

28.9

(25.9–32.2)

43.4

(40.7–46.1)

Ohio

31.8

(28.5–35.3)

28.3

(22.1–35.6)

30.2

(26.7–33.9)

59.5

(56.1–62.9)

34.8

(30.3–39.6)

47.1

(44.4–49.9)

Oklahoma

37.5

(31.6–43.8)

23.8

(19.3–29.0)

30.6

(27.1–34.4)

59.6

(55.8–63.3)

31.1

(26.5–36.0)

45.5

(42.3–48.8)

Rhode Island

33.7

(31.4–36.1)

23.1

(19.1–27.7)

28.3

(25.7–31.1)

59.3

(57.0–61.5)

32.9

(29.0–37.1)

46.0

(43.2–48.7)

South Carolina

28.8

(26.3–31.3)

21.0

(18.2–24.1)

24.8

(22.7–27.1)

56.5

(51.6–61.3)

30.8

(26.6–35.3)

43.7

(39.7–47.7)

South Dakota

38.7

(33.2–44.5)

24.0

(21.1–27.1)

31.2

(27.3–35.3)

63.2

(59.1–67.2)

26.3

(23.2–29.7)

44.4

(41.3–47.5)

Tennessee

35.3

(31.6–39.3)

21.6

(19.3–24.0)

28.3

(26.1–30.7)

58.1

(52.6–63.5)

32.2

(28.7–35.8)

44.9

(41.7–48.2)

Texas

36.5

(33.6–39.5)

24.5

(21.9–27.3)

30.3

(28.2–32.5)

61.5

(58.3–64.7)

33.0

(30.1–36.0)

47.0

(44.4–49.5)

Utah

28.8

(25.1–32.8)

21.1

(18.7–23.8)

24.9

(22.5–27.5)

57.5

(53.8–61.3)

25.4

(22.2–28.8)

41.1

(37.8–44.5)

Vermont

32.5

(28.6–36.6)

23.6

(22.6–24.6)

27.9

(25.7–30.2)

57.0

(54.0–60.0)

28.8

(26.9–30.8)

42.6

(40.8–44.5)

Virginia

35.0

(31.6–38.6)

21.4

(18.6–24.5)

28.1

(25.1–31.3)

57.4

(53.6–61.0)

30.8

(26.7–35.3)

43.8

(40.5–47.2)

West Virginia

38.4

(35.9–41.0)

27.1

(23.5–31.0)

32.7

(30.6–34.8)

63.5

(59.5–67.3)

30.9

(26.7–35.4)

46.8

(44.0–49.7)

Wisconsin

59.6

(56.4–62.7)

29.8

(27.1–32.7)

44.4

(41.9–46.8)

Wyoming

32.4

(29.3–35.6)

22.5

(20.1–25.1)

27.3

(25.2–29.5)

56.3

(53.6–59.0)

27.8

(25.3–30.4)

41.8

(39.7–43.9)

Median

33.7

23.3

28.6

59.3

31.0

44.9

Range

28.7–38.7

18.4–28.5

24.1–32.7

53.8–63.5

25.4–35.9

39.6–49.3


TABLE 104. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who described themselves as slightly or very overweight and who were trying to lose weight, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Described themselves as overweight

Were trying to lose weight

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI*

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

31.3

(27.1–35.8)

24.8

(19.9–30.4)

28.0

(25.1–31.1)

57.7

(53.1–62.2)

32.8

(27.7–38.3)

45.2

(41.3–49.2)

Broward County, FL

29.9

(26.2–33.9)

22.3

(19.7–25.1)

26.0

(23.8–28.3)

53.6

(50.2–56.9)

27.6

(24.6–30.8)

40.4

(38.0–43.0)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

31.4

(28.5–34.5)

20.5

(17.0–24.4)

25.9

(23.3–28.8)

56.2

(51.7–60.6)

28.6

(24.6–33.0)

42.4

(39.0–45.9)

Chicago, IL

27.7

(24.4–31.4)

23.4

(20.6–26.5)

25.7

(23.3–28.2)

53.1

(49.3–56.8)

37.8

(34.1–41.7)

45.9

(43.6–48.1)

Dallas, TX

36.3

(33.0–39.8)

30.9

(26.1–36.3)

33.8

(30.6–37.1)

60.2

(55.8–64.5)

37.0

(31.7–42.6)

48.9

(45.6–52.1)

Detroit, MI

24.0

(21.1–27.1)

13.5

(10.9–16.6)

19.0

(17.0–21.3)

41.6

(37.7–45.7)

24.9

(21.0–29.3)

33.7

(30.7–36.8)

District of Columbia

30.1

(25.8–34.8)

16.7

(13.7–20.3)

23.6

(20.6–26.8)

49.6

(45.6–53.6)

28.5

(23.7–33.7)

39.6

(36.5–42.8)

Duval County, FL

28.6

(26.2–31.2)

20.0

(17.7–22.5)

24.4

(22.7–26.2)

51.6

(49.0–54.3)

28.1

(25.5–30.9)

40.0

(37.8–42.2)

Houston, TX

32.4

(29.4–35.4)

23.4

(20.8–26.3)

27.9

(25.8–30.1)

57.5

(54.1–60.8)

38.8

(35.8–42.0)

48.1

(45.9–50.3)

Los Angeles, CA

33.8

(31.1–36.7)

28.3

(24.6–32.5)

31.1

(29.6–32.6)

61.3

(56.9–65.5)

40.4

(37.1–43.9)

50.4

(47.7–53.1)

Memphis, TN

33.7

(29.9–37.8)

16.7

(14.3–19.3)

25.4

(22.8–28.1)

54.5

(50.3–58.7)

27.5

(24.4–30.8)

41.2

(38.7–43.8)

Miami-Dade County, FL

33.2

(30.0–36.5)

20.5

(18.1–23.2)

26.9

(24.7–29.3)

56.8

(53.2–60.4)

34.2

(31.2–37.4)

45.5

(43.0–48.1)

Milwaukee, WI

52.3

(48.4–56.3)

34.6

(31.4–38.0)

43.5

(40.6–46.4)

New York City, NY

31.7

(29.7–33.8)

24.2

(22.4–26.1)

28.1

(26.5–29.8)

53.6

(51.5–55.7)

35.9

(33.3–38.5)

45.0

(43.2–46.9)

Orange County, FL

29.0

(25.0–33.3)

18.1

(14.9–21.9)

23.5

(20.7–26.6)

52.4

(47.7–57.0)

24.6

(21.0–28.6)

38.4

(35.4–41.5)

Palm Beach County, FL

28.2

(25.3–31.3)

20.5

(17.8–23.4)

24.4

(22.4–26.5)

54.0

(51.0–57.0)

25.6

(22.4–29.1)

39.7

(37.5–42.0)

Philadelphia, PA

31.2

(27.7–34.9)

20.8

(17.8–24.1)

26.0

(23.7–28.4)

54.0

(50.8–57.2)

29.7

(26.3–33.3)

42.2

(39.6–44.8)

San Bernardino, CA

32.5

(28.6–36.6)

24.2

(21.2–27.5)

28.4

(25.8–31.1)

64.6

(60.3–68.7)

39.9

(35.7–44.2)

52.1

(48.5–55.7)

San Diego, CA

29.2

(26.1–32.5)

26.8

(23.6–30.2)

27.9

(25.6–30.3)

59.7

(55.9–63.5)

37.2

(33.8–40.8)

48.3

(45.5–51.1)

San Francisco, CA

34.4

(31.6–37.3)

25.9

(23.3–28.7)

30.2

(28.4–32.1)

54.2

(50.4–57.9)

33.1

(30.3–36.0)

43.5

(41.1–45.9)

Seattle, WA

26.8

(23.3–30.6)

17.7

(15.3–20.4)

22.0

(19.8–24.4)

47.7

(43.8–51.6)

26.9

(23.9–30.1)

37.1

(34.5–39.7)

Median

31.2

21.5

26.0

54.0

32.8

43.5

Range

24.0–36.3

13.5–30.9

19.0–33.8

41.6–64.6

24.6–40.4

33.7–52.1

* 95% confidence interval.

Not available.


TABLE 105. Percentage of high school students who did not eat for 24 or more hours* and who took diet pills, powders, or liquids,*,† by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Did not eat for 24 or more hours to lose weight or to keep from gaining weight

Took diet pills, powders, or liquids to lose weight or to keep from gaining weight

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White

17.5

(15.5–19.7)

6.7

(5.7–7.8)

11.9

(10.7–13.2)

5.8

(4.8–7.1)

3.7

(2.8–4.7)

4.7

(4.0–5.6)

Black

15.1

(12.4–18.4)

8.0

(6.3–10.0)

11.6

(10.3–13.1)

4.1

(2.8–6.0)

4.3

(3.1–5.9)

4.2

(3.3–5.2)

Hispanic

18.8

(16.4–21.5)

7.8

(6.6–9.3)

13.2

(11.8–14.8)

7.8

(6.4–9.3)

5.0

(3.8–6.6)

6.4

(5.3–7.7)

Grade

9

18.8

(16.5–21.3)

6.3

(5.0–7.8)

12.4

(11.2–13.7)

5.5

(4.5–6.6)

3.6

(2.7–5.0)

4.6

(3.8–5.4)

10

17.4

(15.1–20.0)

6.8

(5.5–8.5)

11.9

(10.3–13.8)

4.5

(3.6–5.7)

4.2

(3.1–5.5)

4.3

(3.5–5.3)

11

17.3

(14.9–20.0)

8.6

(7.1–10.5)

12.9

(11.3–14.6)

6.8

(5.6–8.2)

5.1

(4.0–6.6)

5.9

(5.0–7.0)

12

15.6

(14.1–17.2)

7.1

(5.7–8.9)

11.3

(10.2–12.4)

6.8

(5.4–8.6)

4.0

(3.0–5.3)

5.4

(4.6–6.3)

Total

17.4

(16.2–18.6)

7.2

(6.4–8.2)

12.2

(11.3–13.1)

5.9

(5.2–6.7)

4.2

(3.6–5.0)

5.1

(4.5–5.6)

* To lose weight or to keep from gaining weight during the 30 days before the survey.

Without a doctor's advice.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 106. Percentage of high school students who did not eat for 24 or more hours* and who took diet pills, powders, or liquids*,† by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Did not eat for 24 or more hours to lose weight or to keep from gaining weight

Took diet pills, powders, or liquids to lose weight or to keep from gaining weight

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

17.5

(14.3–21.2)

9.4

(6.2–14.0)

13.4

(11.1–16.1)

6.8

(4.6–9.9)

4.8

(2.8–8.2)

5.8

(4.0–8.4)

Alaska

Arizona

20.6

(18.5–22.9)

8.2

(5.9–11.1)

14.4

(12.7–16.3)

8.5

(7.1–10.0)

7.2

(5.5–9.4)

7.8

(6.8–9.1)

Arkansas

16.7

(13.5–20.4)

10.7

(7.7–14.6)

13.6

(11.3–16.3)

7.3

(5.3–10.0)

7.3

(4.7–11.0)

7.3

(5.8–9.1)

Colorado

Connecticut

11.6

(9.6–13.9)

6.2

(4.8–8.0)

8.9

(7.5–10.6)

Delaware

12.9

(10.4–15.8)

6.9

(5.3–9.0)

10.0

(8.5–11.8)

5.5

(4.0–7.5)

3.4

(2.4–4.8)

4.7

(3.8–5.8)

Florida

13.4

(12.0–14.9)

5.8

(4.9–6.8)

9.6

(8.7–10.5)

5.9

(5.2–6.6)

4.6

(4.0–5.3)

5.3

(4.9–5.7)

Georgia

19.9

(17.8–22.2)

9.5

(7.8–11.5)

14.8

(13.2–16.6)

8.1

(6.3–10.3)

5.7

(4.1–7.9)

6.9

(5.8–8.3)

Hawaii

16.3

(12.9–20.4)

9.7

(8.1–11.5)

13.1

(11.1–15.3)

6.2

(4.5–8.6)

6.7

(5.4–8.2)

6.5

(5.4–7.8)

Idaho

13.8

(11.3–16.6)

5.1

(3.6–7.0)

9.3

(7.9–10.9)

5.4

(4.2–7.0)

4.1

(2.6–6.2)

4.7

(3.7–6.0)

Illinois

17.8

(15.5–20.5)

7.5

(5.7–9.7)

12.6

(11.2–14.2)

6.3

(5.1–7.9)

4.1

(3.1–5.4)

5.2

(4.3–6.2)

Indiana

17.0

(13.9–20.7)

9.3

(7.4–11.7)

13.1

(11.1–15.4)

7.4

(6.1–8.9)

5.3

(4.1–6.9)

6.3

(5.3–7.6)

Iowa

17.9

(14.8–21.5)

10.1

(7.9–12.9)

13.9

(11.9–16.3)

6.5

(4.7–8.8)

4.1

(2.5–6.7)

5.3

(4.3–6.5)

Kansas

13.8

(11.4–16.5)

8.0

(6.0–10.6)

10.9

(9.1–13.0)

5.6

(4.1–7.5)

4.6

(3.1–6.8)

5.1

(4.0–6.5)

Kentucky

17.7

(14.9–20.9)

11.6

(8.5–15.7)

14.6

(12.1–17.5)

7.1

(5.1–9.9)

7.9

(5.9–10.5)

7.6

(6.0–9.6)

Louisiana

22.0

(18.0–26.6)

13.2

(8.0–21.2)

17.7

(13.9–22.4)

10.4

(4.5–21.9)

8.7

(5.7–13.2)

9.6

(5.8–15.3)

Maine

Maryland

20.9

(18.0–24.1)

9.4

(7.5–11.7)

15.2

(13.1–17.6)

6.3

(4.7–8.4)

6.0

(4.4–8.2)

6.3

(5.0–7.9)

Massachusetts

13.0

(11.0–15.2)

6.2

(4.5–8.5)

9.6

(8.3–11.2)

4.6

(3.6–6.0)

3.4

(2.4–4.7)

4.0

(3.3–4.9)

Michigan

14.9

(13.2–16.8)

8.9

(7.9–10.1)

11.9

(10.7–13.3)

5.1

(4.2–6.2)

5.0

(3.7–6.8)

5.1

(4.3–6.1)

Mississippi

15.6

(13.1–18.5)

9.8

(7.6–12.6)

12.9

(11.2–14.8)

6.2

(4.9–7.9)

4.2

(3.1–5.7)

5.2

(4.2–6.3)

Montana

15.6

(14.1–17.1)

9.5

(8.0–11.3)

12.5

(11.3–13.8)

5.5

(4.5–6.6)

4.6

(3.7–5.6)

5.0

(4.3–5.8)

Nebraska

14.8

(13.2–16.6)

7.7

(6.2–9.4)

11.2

(10.0–12.5)

4.5

(3.6–5.6)

4.8

(3.8–5.9)

4.7

(4.0–5.5)

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New Mexico

New York

North Carolina

5.8

(4.7–7.2)

6.4

(4.5–9.1)

6.1

(4.9–7.7)

North Dakota

13.6

(11.0–16.6)

7.3

(5.5–9.8)

10.3

(8.6–12.5)

6.3

(4.7–8.3)

3.8

(2.4–5.9)

5.0

(4.0–6.2)

Ohio

18.1

(14.4–22.5)

8.3

(5.5–12.2)

13.1

(10.3–16.5)

7.5

(4.9–11.1)

5.2

(3.5–7.5)

6.3

(4.7–8.2)

Oklahoma

20.5

(17.1–24.3)

8.7

(6.4–11.8)

14.8

(12.8–16.9)

8.2

(5.9–11.3)

3.2

(1.6–6.2)

5.7

(3.9–8.2)

Rhode Island

16.6

(14.9–18.4)

7.3

(5.8–9.1)

12.0

(10.8–13.2)

5.5

(4.4–6.8)

5.5

(4.1–7.2)

5.6

(4.6–6.7)

South Carolina

18.2

(14.8–22.3)

11.6

(9.0–14.7)

15.0

(12.8–17.6)

7.1

(4.8–10.4)

6.3

(4.6–8.5)

6.8

(5.6–8.2)

South Dakota

12.7

(10.4–15.4)

4.1

(2.9–5.8)

8.4

(7.1–9.9)

6.0

(4.2–8.5)

4.7

(3.4–6.5)

5.4

(4.2–7.0)

Tennessee

19.0

(16.9–21.4)

7.7

(5.9–10.1)

13.3

(11.5–15.2)

6.6

(5.3–8.2)

3.7

(2.7–5.2)

5.2

(4.3–6.2)

Texas

17.2

(15.6–18.9)

8.4

(6.9–10.3)

12.8

(11.5–14.2)

8.1

(6.9–9.5)

6.2

(4.9–7.9)

7.2

(6.1–8.5)

Utah

13.9

(11.6–16.7)

7.4

(5.8–9.4)

10.8

(9.3–12.5)

5.4

(4.1–7.1)

3.8

(2.8–5.2)

4.7

(3.8–5.7)

Vermont

Virginia

18.3

(15.7–21.2)

8.2

(6.0–11.3)

13.2

(11.1–15.5)

7.1

(4.5–11.0)

3.7

(2.5–5.5)

5.4

(3.7–7.8)

West Virginia

19.4

(16.1–23.2)

8.0

(5.9–10.8)

13.6

(11.6–15.9)

8.8

(6.3–12.3)

4.9

(3.6–6.6)

6.8

(5.3–8.7)

Wisconsin

Wyoming

16.0

(13.9–18.3)

10.2

(8.3–12.4)

13.1

(11.7–14.7)

9.0

(7.1–11.4)

6.9

(5.5–8.7)

8.1

(6.8–9.6)

Median

16.7

8.3

13.1

6.3

4.8

5.6

Range

11.6–22.0

4.1–13.2

8.4–17.7

4.5–10.4

3.2–8.7

4.0–9.6


TABLE 106. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who did not eat for 24 or more hours* and who took diet pills, powders, or liquids*,† by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Did not eat for 24 or more hours to lose weight or to keep from gaining weight

Took diet pills, powders, or liquids to lose weight or to keep from gaining weight

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

15.0

(11.9–18.8)

8.4

(5.4–12.7)

11.7

(9.5–14.4)

6.5

(4.4–9.4)

2.8

(1.5–5.0)

4.6

(3.4–6.3)

Broward County, FL

14.5

(12.2–17.2)

7.9

(6.3–9.8)

11.3

(9.9–12.7)

6.8

(5.1–9.0)

5.0

(3.7–6.7)

5.9

(4.8–7.2)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

13.8

(11.3–16.9)

6.5

(4.6–9.1)

10.3

(8.6–12.3)

6.1

(4.7–8.0)

6.2

(4.3–9.0)

6.3

(4.9–8.2)

Chicago, IL

20.6

(17.9–23.5)

13.8

(11.4–16.5)

17.5

(15.7–19.4)

7.8

(5.8–10.4)

7.8

(6.0–10.3)

7.9

(6.3–9.8)

Dallas, TX

13.5

(10.7–16.9)

9.0

(6.5–12.2)

11.4

(9.6–13.5)

7.2

(5.2–10.0)

3.8

(2.5–5.8)

5.6

(4.3–7.2)

Detroit, MI

18.1

(15.9–20.6)

14.1

(11.4–17.3)

16.6

(14.8–18.6)

4.0

(2.9–5.5)

6.6

(4.9–8.9)

5.3

(4.3–6.6)

District of Columbia

14.9

(12.2–18.1)

14.4

(11.3–18.2)

14.7

(12.5–17.3)

3.8

(2.2–6.4)

6.5

(4.3–9.8)

5.0

(3.5–7.2)

Duval County, FL

15.0

(13.2–17.0)

9.5

(7.8–11.6)

12.5

(11.1–14.0)

6.5

(5.3–7.9)

6.9

(5.5–8.7)

6.8

(5.7–7.9)

Houston, TX

17.4

(14.6–20.6)

13.0

(10.7–15.7)

15.2

(13.3–17.3)

6.0

(4.6–7.9)

8.1

(6.5–10.1)

7.2

(6.0–8.5)

Los Angeles, CA

12.4

(8.9–17.0)

7.7

(5.8–10.2)

10.0

(7.7–13.0)

6.1

(4.1–8.9)

6.2

(4.9–7.9)

6.3

(5.0–8.0)

Memphis, TN

17.7

(14.8–21.0)

9.1

(7.1–11.5)

13.4

(11.6–15.5)

4.3

(2.9–6.2)

2.4

(1.4–4.0)

3.4

(2.6–4.5)

Miami-Dade County, FL

16.0

(13.8–18.4)

10.3

(8.6–12.4)

13.2

(11.8–14.8)

6.9

(5.6–8.5)

4.8

(3.7–6.3)

5.8

(4.9–7.0)

Milwaukee, WI

New York City, NY

Orange County, FL

18.6

(15.4–22.2)

8.0

(5.7–11.1)

13.2

(11.3–15.5)

5.8

(4.3–7.9)

2.9

(1.7–4.8)

4.3

(3.2–5.7)

Palm Beach County, FL

14.9

(12.6–17.4)

7.8

(6.0–10.1)

11.4

(9.9–13.1)

6.7

(5.1–8.9)

5.1

(3.8–6.6)

6.0

(4.9–7.3)

Philadelphia, PA

17.0

(13.7–20.9)

11.6

(8.7–15.3)

14.5

(12.2–17.1)

6.9

(5.3–9.0)

4.1

(2.7–6.2)

5.7

(4.5–7.1)

San Bernardino, CA

18.4

(15.4–21.8)

10.9

(8.4–13.9)

14.5

(12.7–16.7)

7.1

(5.5–9.2)

5.0

(3.6–7.1)

6.0

(4.9–7.4)

San Diego, CA

13.3

(10.6–16.7)

7.6

(5.7–10.2)

10.5

(8.8–12.5)

6.8

(5.2–8.7)

4.6

(2.9–7.3)

5.6

(4.4–7.2)

San Francisco, CA

4.1

(2.8–5.9)

6.2

(4.7–8.2)

5.3

(4.1–6.7)

Seattle, WA

9.4

(7.6–11.7)

8.0

(6.1–10.5)

9.0

(7.5–10.8)

4.4

(3.2–6.2)

5.0

(3.5–7.0)

5.1

(4.1–6.3)

Median

15.0

9.0

12.8

6.5

5.0

5.7

Range

9.4–20.6

6.5–14.4

9.0–17.5

3.8–7.8

2.4–8.1

3.4–7.9

* To lose weight or to keep from gaining weight during the 30 days before the survey.

Without a doctor's advice.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Not available.


TABLE 107. Percentage of high school students who vomited or took laxatives to lose weight or to keep from gaining weight,* by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White§

6.5

(5.5–7.6)

1.8

(1.4–2.4)

4.1

(3.6–4.7)

Black§

2.9

(2.2–3.9)

3.0

(2.0–4.5)

3.0

(2.3–3.8)

Hispanic

7.2

(5.9–8.7)

3.3

(2.4–4.4)

5.2

(4.3–6.2)

Grade

9

5.9

(4.7–7.3)

2.4

(1.7–3.4)

4.1

(3.5–4.8)

10

5.9

(4.9–7.2)

2.3

(1.6–3.3)

4.1

(3.3–5.0)

11

5.8

(4.7–7.2)

2.9

(2.0–4.1)

4.3

(3.5–5.3)

12

6.4

(4.9–8.3)

2.5

(1.9–3.2)

4.4

(3.6–5.4)

Total

6.0

(5.3–6.8)

2.5

(2.1–3.1)

4.3

(3.8–4.7)

* During the 30 days before the survey.

95% confidence interval.

§ Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 108. Percentage of high school students who vomited or took laxatives to lose weight or to keep from gaining weight,* by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

4.9

(3.3–7.0)

3.3

(1.8–5.9)

4.0

(2.9–5.7)

Alaska

§

Arizona

8.5

(7.1–10.3)

3.7

(2.3–5.9)

6.1

(5.0–7.4)

Arkansas

4.5

(3.1–6.5)

5.5

(3.8–7.7)

5.0

(4.0–6.3)

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware

4.9

(3.7–6.4)

2.5

(1.6–4.0)

3.8

(2.9–4.8)

Florida

5.5

(4.8–6.2)

2.5

(2.1–3.1)

4.1

(3.7–4.5)

Georgia

9.6

(7.5–12.3)

4.8

(3.4–6.8)

7.3

(6.0–8.9)

Hawaii

6.7

(5.3–8.4)

4.3

(3.3–5.5)

5.5

(4.6–6.6)

Idaho

7.6

(5.9–9.6)

1.5

(0.8–2.8)

4.4

(3.6–5.4)

Illinois

7.5

(6.1–9.2)

3.2

(2.4–4.2)

5.3

(4.4–6.5)

Indiana

8.1

(5.8–11.3)

5.3

(3.1–8.9)

6.7

(4.5–9.7)

Iowa

4.9

(3.5–6.8)

2.6

(1.6–4.1)

3.8

(3.1–4.5)

Kansas

4.4

(3.2–6.2)

3.7

(2.5–5.5)

4.1

(3.2–5.4)

Kentucky

7.2

(5.4–9.6)

5.1

(3.1–8.1)

6.2

(4.7–8.1)

Louisiana

10.1

(6.4–15.5)

6.7

(3.8–11.6)

8.4

(6.2–11.3)

Maine

Maryland

6.7

(5.1–8.6)

4.6

(3.1–6.9)

5.8

(4.7–7.2)

Massachusetts

6.8

(5.6–8.3)

2.7

(1.7–4.3)

4.8

(4.1–5.6)

Michigan

5.7

(4.7–7.1)

3.4

(2.5–4.6)

4.6

(4.0–5.3)

Mississippi

4.4

(3.3–5.9)

3.3

(1.9–5.7)

3.9

(3.0–5.2)

Montana

6.0

(4.8–7.4)

3.5

(2.7–4.6)

4.8

(4.1–5.5)

Nebraska

4.7

(3.7–5.9)

3.2

(2.4–4.2)

3.9

(3.3–4.6)

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New Mexico

9.2

(8.3–10.3)

5.5

(4.3–6.8)

7.3

(6.6–8.2)

New York

5.9

(4.9–7.1)

3.9

(2.6–5.8)

4.9

(4.2–5.8)

North Carolina

5.9

(4.6–7.5)

5.0

(3.3–7.6)

5.5

(4.2–7.1)

North Dakota

5.9

(4.5–7.7)

2.3

(1.4–3.6)

4.1

(3.2–5.1)

Ohio

7.2

(4.4–11.7)

5.1

(3.1–8.2)

6.2

(4.0–9.5)

Oklahoma

4.0

(2.5–6.6)

1.7

(0.9–3.3)

2.9

(2.0–4.1)

Rhode Island

6.3

(5.3–7.4)

4.5

(3.4–6.0)

5.5

(4.7–6.4)

South Carolina

6.4

(4.5–8.9)

5.3

(3.6–7.8)

5.9

(4.5–7.9)

South Dakota

6.5

(4.7–9.0)

3.6

(2.5–5.1)

5.1

(3.9–6.5)

Tennessee

5.9

(4.6–7.7)

2.2

(1.2–3.8)

4.1

(3.2–5.2)

Texas

8.3

(7.2–9.4)

4.2

(3.4–5.2)

6.3

(5.6–7.1)

Utah

5.8

(4.3–7.8)

2.8

(1.9–4.1)

4.4

(3.4–5.6)

Vermont

Virginia

7.2

(4.2–11.9)

3.9

(2.6–5.8)

5.6

(3.7–8.2)

West Virginia

6.6

(4.8–9.0)

2.7

(1.7–4.2)

4.6

(3.7–5.7)

Wisconsin

Wyoming

8.1

(6.3–10.2)

5.6

(4.4–7.2)

6.9

(5.8–8.3)

Median

6.4

3.7

5.0

Range

4.0–10.1

1.5–6.7

2.9–8.4


TABLE 108. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who vomited or took laxatives to lose weight or to keep from gaining weight,* by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

4.0

(2.4–6.6)

2.5

(1.3–4.7)

3.3

(2.1–5.1)

Broward County, FL

5.4

(4.0–7.2)

3.5

(2.3–5.2)

4.6

(3.7–5.8)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

5.7

(4.0–8.0)

5.5

(3.6–8.3)

5.8

(4.2–8.0)

Chicago, IL

5.8

(4.1–8.1)

7.2

(5.3–9.9)

6.5

(5.1–8.1)

Dallas, TX

4.6

(3.3–6.4)

3.9

(2.5–6.0)

4.3

(3.2–5.7)

Detroit, MI

4.4

(3.3–5.9)

6.1

(4.2–8.7)

5.5

(4.3–6.9)

District of Columbia

5.6

(4.0–7.9)

5.1

(3.2–8.2)

5.7

(4.0–8.0)

Duval County, FL

6.2

(5.0–7.6)

6.4

(4.9–8.4)

6.5

(5.4–7.7)

Houston, TX

7.0

(5.5–8.9)

5.4

(4.1–7.0)

6.2

(5.1–7.5)

Los Angeles, CA

6.4

(4.4–9.3)

5.2

(3.3–7.9)

5.8

(4.4–7.6)

Memphis, TN

3.7

(2.5–5.5)

2.2

(1.2–4.1)

3.0

(2.1–4.3)

Miami-Dade County, FL

6.1

(4.9–7.5)

4.2

(2.9–6.0)

5.2

(4.2–6.3)

Milwaukee, WI

New York City, NY

5.3

(4.4–6.4)

4.5

(3.8–5.5)

5.0

(4.4–5.7)

Orange County, FL

6.6

(4.9–8.8)

3.1

(1.9–5.0)

4.8

(3.8–6.2)

Palm Beach County, FL

6.0

(4.9–7.3)

4.2

(3.0–5.9)

5.1

(4.2–6.2)

Philadelphia, PA

6.1

(4.6–8.1)

3.6

(2.1–6.0)

4.9

(3.8–6.4)

San Bernardino, CA

5.1

(3.5–7.4)

2.3

(1.3–3.9)

3.7

(2.7–4.9)

San Diego, CA

5.7

(4.1–8.1)

3.9

(2.8–5.4)

4.8

(3.7–6.1)

San Francisco, CA

4.5

(3.3–6.2)

5.4

(4.1–7.2)

5.2

(4.2–6.4)

Seattle, WA

4.7

(3.3–6.6)

4.4

(3.0–6.3)

4.7

(3.6–6.1)

Median

5.6

4.3

5.0

Range

3.7–7.0

2.2–7.2

3.0–6.5

* During the 30 days before the survey.

95% confidence interval.

§ Not available.


TABLE 109. Percentage of high school students who had asthma, by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Ever had asthma*

Current asthma

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White

22.8

(20.9–24.9)

22.8

(20.7–25.1)

22.8

(21.2–24.5)

14.5

(12.7–16.4)

10.5

(9.2–12.0)

12.4

(11.2–13.8)

Black

23.5

(20.2–27.2)

29.9

(26.8–33.3)

26.8

(24.1–29.6)

13.2

(10.7–16.1)

13.9

(12.0–16.1)

13.5

(11.7–15.6)

Hispanic

19.8

(16.5–23.6)

20.8

(18.4–23.4)

20.3

(17.9–23.0)

9.8

(7.7–12.5)

8.4

(6.6–10.5)

9.1

(7.4–11.1)

Grade

9

21.9

(18.4–25.8)

25.1

(22.5–27.9)

23.5

(21.2–26.0)

13.2

(10.8–16.0)

11.2

(9.3–13.3)

12.2

(10.5–14.0)

10

24.4

(22.0–27.1)

22.2

(19.9–24.7)

23.3

(21.4–25.3)

13.7

(11.5–16.3)

11.2

(9.8–12.8)

12.4

(11.0–14.0)

11

22.0

(20.0–24.1)

22.7

(20.5–25.1)

22.3

(20.8–24.0)

13.9

(11.9–16.0)

9.3

(7.5–11.3)

11.5

(10.1–13.1)

12

22.8

(20.8–24.9)

22.3

(19.5–25.4)

22.6

(20.7–24.6)

13.4

(11.6–15.5)

9.6

(7.9–11.7)

11.5

(10.1–13.1)

Total

22.8

(21.2–24.5)

23.2

(21.8–24.6)

23.0

(21.7–24.3)

13.5

(12.1–15.1)

10.4

(9.4–11.4)

11.9

(10.9–12.9)

* Ever told by a doctor or nurse that they had asthma.

Ever told by a doctor or nurse that they had asthma and still have asthma.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 110. Percentage of high school students who had asthma, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Ever had asthma*

Current asthma

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

State surveys

Alabama

19.2

(15.9–23.0)

21.0

(17.1–25.4)

20.2

(17.8–22.9)

11.7

(9.7–14.1)

8.7

(6.7–11.2)

10.2

(8.8–11.7)

Alaska

21.7

(17.9–26.1)

22.4

(18.9–26.4)

22.1

(19.3–25.2)

10.7

(8.2–13.8)

9.9

(7.7–12.7)

10.3

(8.5–12.4)

Arizona

20.2

(16.7–24.2)

23.0

(20.2–26.0)

21.7

(19.3–24.3)

9.9

(7.2–13.3)

9.9

(7.8–12.5)

9.8

(8.1–12.0)

Arkansas

20.4

(16.9–24.3)

26.3

(22.7–30.3)

23.4

(21.1–25.8)

10.1

(8.1–12.6)

7.6

(5.5–10.3)

8.9

(7.6–10.3)

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware

Florida

20.0

(18.4–21.7)

23.4

(22.0–24.8)

21.7

(20.5–22.9)

10.8

(9.9–11.9)

9.7

(8.7–10.9)

10.2

(9.5–11.0)

Georgia

27.3

(23.0–32.1)

26.0

(23.1–29.2)

26.8

(24.1–29.7)

15.4

(12.6–18.8)

9.8

(7.9–12.1)

12.6

(10.6–15.0)

Hawaii

Idaho

20.0

(17.5–22.9)

19.2

(16.1–22.8)

19.7

(17.6–21.9)

Illinois

20.4

(18.0–23.1)

20.9

(18.7–23.3)

20.7

(19.0–22.4)

10.2

(8.7–12.0)

9.4

(7.7–11.4)

9.8

(8.7–11.0)

Indiana

24.1

(20.3–28.3)

23.4

(20.3–26.8)

23.7

(21.0–26.7)

14.0

(11.8–16.5)

8.7

(6.6–11.5)

11.3

(9.9–12.9)

Iowa

15.8

(11.6–21.3)

16.3

(12.9–20.4)

16.0

(13.4–19.0)

9.1

(6.3–12.9)

7.6

(5.7–10.0)

8.3

(6.4–10.7)

Kansas

23.6

(20.8–26.7)

21.6

(17.9–25.9)

22.6

(20.1–25.3)

12.9

(10.6–15.4)

9.4

(7.2–12.3)

11.1

(9.5–12.9)

Kentucky

24.4

(20.6–28.7)

28.9

(25.8–32.2)

26.7

(24.0–29.5)

12.0

(9.4–15.1)

9.9

(7.8–12.5)

10.9

(9.5–12.5)

Louisiana

20.7

(14.7–28.3)

27.3

(20.9–34.9)

23.9

(17.9–31.0)

6.6

(3.8–11.1)

8.6

(5.2–13.8)

7.5

(4.9–11.4)

Maine

25.6

(23.8–27.6)

26.3

(24.5–28.2)

26.0

(24.7–27.4)

14.3

(13.0–15.8)

11.2

(10.1–12.4)

12.8

(11.9–13.8)

Maryland

27.3

(23.6–31.3)

29.7

(26.3–33.3)

28.7

(26.1–31.4)

15.2

(11.9–19.2)

11.9

(10.1–14.1)

13.6

(11.7–15.7)

Massachusetts

Michigan

24.4

(22.0–27.1)

24.7

(22.3–27.3)

24.6

(22.7–26.5)

14.2

(12.2–16.5)

11.1

(9.7–12.7)

12.6

(11.4–13.9)

Mississippi

19.8

(17.1–22.8)

20.0

(17.0–23.5)

20.0

(18.2–22.0)

13.4

(11.3–15.7)

8.9

(7.1–11.1)

11.2

(9.7–12.9)

Montana

20.3

(18.7–22.0)

20.3

(18.3–22.3)

20.3

(19.1–21.5)

12.0

(10.8–13.2)

9.0

(7.9–10.2)

10.4

(9.7–11.2)

Nebraska

19.1

(16.7–21.8)

19.2

(17.0–21.6)

19.2

(17.6–20.9)

11.5

(9.8–13.4)

7.6

(6.2–9.3)

9.6

(8.5–10.8)

New Hampshire

25.8

(22.6–29.3)

26.4

(23.2–29.9)

26.1

(23.8–28.6)

15.8

(13.1–18.9)

13.2

(11.0–15.9)

14.4

(12.6–16.3)

New Jersey

New Mexico

25.0

(23.0–27.0)

24.9

(22.5–27.4)

24.9

(23.2–26.7)

13.1

(11.4–15.0)

10.6

(9.1–12.4)

11.8

(10.4–13.4)

New York

21.2

(19.2–23.4)

21.5

(19.9–23.1)

21.3

(20.4–22.4)

North Carolina

22.9

(20.3–25.7)

22.7

(19.6–26.2)

22.8

(21.1–24.5)

13.4

(11.2–16.0)

9.9

(7.8–12.5)

11.6

(10.2–13.1)

North Dakota

Ohio

Oklahoma

21.2

(18.0–24.8)

22.8

(18.6–27.6)

22.1

(20.0–24.4)

14.1

(10.8–18.2)

8.8

(6.1–12.5)

11.4

(9.3–13.9)

Rhode Island

23.5

(21.6–25.6)

27.0

(24.7–29.5)

25.3

(23.6–27.1)

14.2

(12.6–16.1)

13.6

(11.4–16.0)

13.9

(12.5–15.5)

South Carolina

21.1

(18.5–24.1)

25.9

(22.0–30.2)

23.5

(20.8–26.4)

11.8

(9.6–14.5)

10.7

(8.1–14.0)

11.2

(9.2–13.7)

South Dakota

Tennessee

20.8

(18.6–23.3)

20.6

(18.1–23.4)

20.7

(18.7–22.8)

10.9

(9.5–12.5)

9.1

(7.2–11.4)

10.0

(8.7–11.4)

Texas

20.3

(17.5–23.4)

22.4

(20.2–24.8)

21.4

(19.3–23.6)

10.3

(8.2–13.0)

9.1

(7.6–10.8)

9.7

(8.0–11.6)

Utah

21.5

(18.5–24.8)

20.1

(17.6–22.9)

20.7

(19.0–22.6)

11.1

(9.4–13.1)

10.2

(8.1–12.7)

10.6

(9.3–12.1)

Vermont

Virginia

24.1

(19.4–29.5)

19.9

(16.3–24.2)

22.0

(18.6–25.8)

14.2

(10.1–19.7)

8.1

(5.8–11.1)

11.1

(8.1–15.0)

West Virginia

23.2

(19.8–26.9)

22.3

(18.8–26.3)

22.7

(20.1–25.5)

13.3

(10.6–16.5)

9.7

(7.3–12.7)

11.5

(9.6–13.6)

Wisconsin

Wyoming

25.5

(23.1–28.0)

24.9

(22.3–27.8)

25.3

(23.5–27.1)

13.7

(12.0–15.6)

11.1

(9.4–13.1)

12.4

(11.1–13.8)

Median

21.3

22.7

22.3

12.4

9.7

11.1

Range

15.8–27.3

16.3–29.7

16.0–28.7

6.6–15.8

7.6–13.6

7.5–14.4


TABLE 110. (Continued) Percentage of high school students who had asthma, by sex — selected U.S. sites, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Site

Ever had asthma*

Current asthma

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Large urban school district surveys

Boston, MA

28.2

(24.1–32.6)

28.7

(23.9–34.0)

28.3

(25.2–31.7)

17.2

(13.4–21.8)

13.4

(10.1–17.6)

15.4

(12.6–18.6)

Broward County, FL

18.6

(15.4–22.3)

20.2

(17.8–22.8)

19.3

(17.4–21.3)

8.1

(6.1–10.6)

8.5

(6.7–10.7)

8.3

(7.0–9.8)

Charlotte-Mecklenburg, NC

23.6

(19.8–27.9)

25.3

(21.5–29.6)

24.4

(21.5–27.5)

11.9

(9.0–15.6)

10.8

(8.6–13.4)

11.3

(9.4–13.6)

Chicago, IL

21.1

(17.8–24.9)

22.2

(19.4–25.4)

21.6

(19.7–23.7)

11.3

(8.5–14.9)

7.3

(5.8–9.1)

9.4

(7.6–11.6)

Dallas, TX

17.8

(14.3–21.8)

20.5

(17.4–24.0)

19.0

(16.7–21.6)

7.4

(5.4–10.1)

7.0

(5.3–9.1)

7.2

(5.7–9.0)

Detroit, MI

22.6

(19.8–25.8)

23.3

(19.8–27.2)

22.9

(20.8–25.1)

13.0

(11.0–15.4)

9.5

(7.4–12.1)

11.5

(10.0–13.1)

District of Columbia

26.1

(23.1–29.3)

33.1

(28.6–37.9)

29.5

(26.7–32.4)

Duval County, FL

20.8

(18.8–22.9)

27.5

(25.0–30.2)

24.1

(22.4–25.9)

9.7

(8.2–11.4)

10.5

(8.7–12.5)

10.1

(8.9–11.4)

Houston, TX

16.8

(14.2–19.7)

21.9

(18.9–25.4)

19.3

(17.1–21.7)

6.7

(4.9–9.1)

6.1

(4.6–8.0)

6.4

(5.2–7.8)

Los Angeles, CA

14.3

(12.2–16.6)

18.0

(15.3–21.0)

16.4

(14.7–18.3)

6.8

(5.3–8.7)

6.0

(4.3–8.4)

6.5

(5.3–8.1)

Memphis, TN

19.8

(16.9–23.1)

22.2

(19.2–25.6)

20.9

(18.7–23.4)

14.1

(11.8–16.6)

12.0

(9.5–15.1)

13.0

(11.2–15.1)

Miami-Dade County, FL

19.5

(16.8–22.5)

21.7

(18.9–24.7)

20.6

(18.4–22.9)

8.5

(6.9–10.6)

8.1

(6.1–10.7)

8.3

(6.8–10.0)

Milwaukee, WI

25.5

(22.3–28.9)

29.1

(25.9–32.5)

27.3

(25.2–29.5)

New York City, NY

20.9

(19.4–22.5)

25.3

(23.4–27.3)

23.0

(21.7–24.3)

Orange County, FL

20.5

(17.7–23.7)

20.9

(17.7–24.4)

20.7

(18.5–23.0)

9.1

(7.2–11.5)

8.1

(6.3–10.4)

8.7

(7.3–10.3)

Palm Beach County, FL

18.4

(16.2–20.8)

20.5

(17.9–23.4)

19.4

(17.6–21.4)

9.5

(7.7–11.5)

8.2

(6.6–10.1)

8.8

(7.6–10.3)

Philadelphia, PA

28.4

(25.0–32.1)

29.3

(25.3–33.6)

29.1

(26.1–32.2)

16.5

(13.5–19.9)

16.1

(13.5–19.1)

16.3

(14.2–18.7)

San Bernardino, CA

19.7

(16.9–22.8)

19.0

(15.9–22.5)

19.4

(17.3–21.7)

11.2

(9.0–13.7)

8.5

(6.0–12.1)

9.9

(8.2–12.0)

San Diego, CA

22.7

(20.1–25.5)

20.9

(17.7–24.4)

21.8

(19.7–24.1)

8.9

(6.5–12.0)

7.9

(6.1–10.2)

8.4

(7.0–10.0)

San Francisco, CA

17.1

(14.4–20.1)

22.7

(19.9–25.8)

20.3

(18.0–22.7)

6.5

(4.7–8.9)

7.9

(6.2–10.1)

7.4

(6.1–9.0)

Seattle, WA

21.4

(18.6–24.5)

21.6

(18.9–24.7)

21.5

(19.4–23.7)

10.3

(8.3–12.8)

9.0

(6.8–11.8)

9.6

(8.0–11.5)

Median

20.8

22.2

21.5

9.6

8.3

9.1

Range

14.3–28.4

18.0–33.1

16.4–29.5

6.5–17.2

6.0–16.1

6.4–16.3

* Ever told by a doctor or nurse that they had asthma.

Ever told by a doctor or nurse that they had asthma and still have asthma.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Not available.


TABLE 111. Percentage of high school students who most of the time or always wore sunscreen with an SPF of 15 or higher* and who used an indoor tanning device, by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Routine sunscreen use

Indoor tanning device use

Female

Male

Total

Female

Male

Total

%

CI§

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White

17.4

(15.7–19.2)

8.8

(7.1–10.8)

13.0

(11.4–14.6)

29.3

(25.1–33.9)

6.2

(4.4–8.8)

17.4

(14.5–20.6)

Black

6.3

(4.5–8.7)

3.2

(2.1–5.0)

4.8

(3.6–6.2)

3.3

(2.0–5.3)

4.5

(2.8–7.1)

3.9

(2.6–5.7)

Hispanic

9.2

(7.4–11.4)

4.4

(3.3–5.8)

6.7

(5.5–8.1)

9.6

(7.1–12.8)

5.7

(4.2–7.7)

7.6

(6.1–9.6)

Grade

9

14.6

(12.5–16.9)

7.8

(6.1–9.9)

11.1

(9.6–12.8)

11.7

(9.1–15.1)

4.5

(3.4–6.0)

8.1

(6.5–9.9)

10

13.4

(10.9–16.4)

7.5

(5.4–10.4)

10.3

(8.4–12.7)

15.7

(11.7–20.7)

4.9

(3.4–7.0)

10.1

(7.7–13.0)

11

13.7

(12.1–15.4)

7.4

(6.1–9.0)

10.5

(9.3–11.8)

26.5

(21.4–32.2)

6.8

(4.4–10.2)

16.4

(12.9–20.6)

12

15.9

(13.6–18.6)

6.1

(4.3–8.6)

10.9

(9.1–13.0)

31.8

(26.7–37.4)

8.5

(6.0–11.9)

19.7

(16.7–23.1)

Total

14.4

(13.1–15.9)

7.3

(6.2–8.6)

10.8

(9.7–12.0)

20.9

(17.6–24.7)

6.2

(4.8–7.8)

13.3

(11.2–15.7)

* When they were outside for more than 1 hour on a sunny day.

Such as a sunlamp, sunbed, or tanning booth one or more times during the 12 months before the survey. Does not include getting a spray-on tan.

§ 95% confidence interval.

Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 112. Percentage of high school students who had 8 or more hours of sleep,* by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade — United States, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2011

Category

Female

Male

Total

%

CI

%

CI

%

CI

Race/Ethnicity

White§

30.2

(28.0–32.5)

35.0

(32.5–37.7)

32.7

(31.0–34.4)

Black§

28.0

(24.1–32.2)

27.9

(24.3–32.0)

27.9

(25.1–30.9)

Hispanic

27.7

(24.6–31.1)

33.7

(30.8–36.7)

30.8

(28.5–33.1)

Grade

9

36.8

(33.3–40.4)

43.1

(40.1–46.0)

40.0

(37.8–42.2)

10

30.8

(28.5–33.1)

35.9

(32.9–39.0)

33.4

(31.2–35.7)

11

24.5

(22.1–27.2)

28.7

(25.7–31.8)

26.7

(24.7–28.7)

12

22.8

(20.0–25.7)

24.8

(21.9–27.9)

23.8

(21.7–26.0)

Total

29.1

(27.5–30.8)

33.6

(31.8–35.4)

31.4

(30.1–32.7)

* On an average school night.

95% confidence interval.

§ Non-Hispanic.


TABLE 113. National health objectives and leading health indicators from Healthy People 2020 (HP2020),* measured by the National Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS), 2011

Topic area

Objective number*

Objective

Behavior description

% students in grades 9–12

HP2020 target

2011 YRBS

Cancer

C-20.3

Reduce the proportion of adolescents in grades 9 through 12 who report using artificial sources of ultraviolet light for tanning

Used an indoor tanning device, such as a sunlamp, sunbed, or tanning booth

14.0

13.3

Cancer

C-20.5

Increase the proportion of adolescents in grades 9 through 12 who follow protective measures that may reduce the risk of skin cancer

Most of the time or always wore sunscreen with an SPF of 15 or higher when outside for more than 1 hour on a sunny day

11.2

10.8

Injury and Violence Prevention

IVP-34

Reduce physical fighting among adolescents

In a physical fight

28.4

32.8

Injury and Violence Prevention

IVP-35

Reduce bullying among adolescents

Bullied on school property§

17.9

20.1

Injury and Violence Prevention

IVP-36

Reduce weapon carrying by adolescents on school property

Carried a weapon (e.g., a gun, knife, or club) on school property

4.6

5.4

Mental Health and Mental Disorders

MHMD-2

Reduce suicide attempts by adolescents

Made a suicide attempt that resulted in an injury, poisoning, or overdoes that had to be treated by a doctor or nurse§

1.7

2.4

Mental Health and Mental Disorders

MHMD-3

Reduce the proportion of adolescents who engage in disordered eating behaviors in an attempt to control their weight

Did not eat for 24 or more hours; took diet pills, powders, or liquids without a doctor's advice; or vomited or took laxatives to lose weight to keep from gaining weight**

12.9

16.3

Physical Activity

PA-3.1

Increase the proportion of adolescents who meet current Federal physical activity guidelines for aerobic physical activity

Were physically active doing any kind of physical activity that increased their heart rate and made them breathe hard some of the time for a total of at least 60 minutes per day††

20.2***

28.7

Physical Activity

PA-3.2

Increase the proportion of adolescents who meet current Federal physical activity guidelines for muscle-strengthening activity

Participated in muscle strengthening activities, such as push-ups, sit-ups or weight lifting on 3 or more days§§

None set

55.6

Physical Activity

PA-3.3

Increase the proportion of adolescents who meet current Federal physical activity guidelines for aerobic physical activity and for muscle-strengthening activity

Were physically active doing any kind of physical activity that increased their heart rate and made them breathe hard some of the time for a total of at least 60 minutes per day†† and who participated in muscle strengthening activities, such as push-ups, sit-ups or weight lifting on 3 or more days§§

None set

21.9

Physical Activity

PA-5

Increase the proportion of adolescents who participate in daily school physical education

Went to physical education classes 5 days in an average week when they are in school

36.6

31.5

Physical Activity

PA-8.2.3

Increase the proportion of adolescents in grades 9 through 12 who view television, videos, or play video games for no more than 2 hours a day

Watched television for no more than 2 hours per day¶¶

73.9

67.6

Physical Activity

PA-8.3.3

Increase the proportion of adolescents in grades 9 through 12 who use a computer or play computer games outside of school (for nonschool work) for no more than 2 hours a day

Played video or computer games or used a computer for something that was not school work for no more than 2 hours per day¶¶

82.6

68.9

Sleep Health

SH-3

Increase the proportion of students in grades 9 through 12 who get sufficient sleep

Had 8 or more hours of sleep†††

33.2

31.4

Substance Abuse

SA-1

Reduce the proportion of adolescents who report that they rode, during the previous 30 days, with a driver who had been drinking alcohol

Rode in a car or other vehicle driven by someone who had been drinking alcohol§§§

25.5

24.1

Tobacco Use

TU-2.1

Reduce the proportion of adolescents who use tobacco products (past 30 days)

Smoked cigarettes; used chewing tobacco, snuff, or dip; or smoked cigars, cigarillos, or little cigars

21.0

23.4

Tobacco Use

TU-2.2¶¶¶

Reduce the proportion of adolescents who use cigarettes (past 30 days)

Smoked cigarettes

16.0

18.1

Tobacco Use

TU-2.3

Reduce the proportion of adolescents who use smokeless tobacco products (past 30 days)

Used chewing tobacco, snuff, or dip

6.9

7.7

Tobacco Use

TU-2.4

Reduce the proportion of adolescents who use cigars (past 30 days)

Smoked cigars, cigarillos, or little cigars

8.0

13.1

Tobacco Use

TU-7

Increase smoking cessation attempts by adolescent smokers

Tried to quit smoking cigarettes, among students who ever smoked cigarettes daily§

64.0

58.6


TABLE 113. (Continued) National health objectives and leading health indicators from Healthy People 2020 (HP2020),* measured by the National Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS), 2011

* Source: Adapted from US Department of Health and Human Services. Healthy People 2020. Available: http://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/default.aspx. Accessed November 23, 2011.

One or more times during the 12 months before the survey.

§ During the 12 months before the survey.

On at least 1 day during the 30 days before the survey.

** During the 30 days before the survey.

†† On each of the 7 days before the survey.

§§ During the 7 days before the survey.

¶¶ On an average school day.

*** The target setting method for this objective was a 10% improvement from the baseline; the baseline data source was the 2009 national YRBS. However, because of changes in question context starting in 2011, national YRBS prevalence estimates derived from the 60 minutes of physical activity question in 2011 are not comparable to those reported in 2009 or earlier. On the 2005–2009 national YRBS questionnaire, physical activity was assessed with three questions (in the following order) that asked the number of days students participated in: 1) at least 20 minutes of vigorous physical activity, 2) at least 30 minutes of moderate physical activity, and 3) at least 60 minutes of aerobic (moderate and vigorous) physical activity. On the 2011 national YRBS questionnaire, only the 60 minutes of aerobic physical activity question was included.

††† On an average school night.

§§§ One or more times during the 30 days before the survey.

¶¶¶ Leading Health Indicator.


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