Research and Studies

On this page you can find reports detailing how carbon monoxide can be produced by portable generators, motorboats, fires, and other emissions.

Power Outage Related

• NIST Technical Note 1666: Modeling the Effects of Outdoor Gasoline Powered Generator Use on Indoor Carbon Monoxide Exposures – Phase II [PDF - 1 MB] . Wang, S. H.; Emmerich, S. J.; Powell, R; NIST Technical Note 1666; NIST TN 1666; 23 p. July 2010. A National Institute of Standards and Technology study determined that 15 feet is not an adequate distance for placement of portable generators to prevent carbon monoxide infiltration into a dwelling.
• Modeling the Effects of Outdoor Gasoline Powered Generator Use on Indoor Carbon Monoxide Exposures. Wang, S. H.; Emmerich, S. J.; NIST Technical Note 1637; NIST TN 1637; 23 p. August 2009.
• Lutterloh EC, Iqbal S, Clower JH, Spiller H, Riggs M, Suggs T, Humbaugh K, Cadwell BL, Thoroughman D. (2011).  Carbon monoxide poisoning after an ice storm – Kentucky, 2009. Public Health Reports 126: S(1): 108-115.
• Carbon Monoxide Exposures After Hurricane Ike — Texas, September 2008. MMWR August 14, 2009;58(31);845-849.
• Van Sickle D, Chertow DS, Schulte JM, Ferdinands JM, Patel PS, Johnson DR, Harduar-Morano L, Blackmore C, Ourso AC, Cruse KM, Dunn KH, Moolenaar RL. (2007).  Carbon Monoxide Poisoning in Florida During the 2004 Hurricane Season [PDF - 555 KB]. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 32(4): 340-346.
• Hampson NB, Stock AL. (2006).  Storm-related carbon monoxide poisoning: lessons learned from recent epidemics. Undersea and Hyperbaric Medicine 33(4):257-63.
• Monitoring Poison Control Center Data to Detect Health Hazards During Hurricane Season— Florida, 2003-2005. MMWR April 21, 2006;55(15):426-428.
• Carbon Monoxide Poisonings After Two Major Hurricanes — Alabama and Texas, August-October 2005. MMWR March 10, 2006;55(09):236-239.
• Carbon Monoxide Poisoning After Hurricane Katrina — Alabama, Louisiana, and Mississippi, August-September 2005. MMWR October 7, 2005;54(39):996-998.
• Carbon Monoxide Poisoning from Hurricane-Associated Use of Portable Generators — Florida, 2004. MMWR July 22, 2005;54(28):697-700.
• Unintentional Non-Fire-Related Carbon Monoxide Exposures — United States, 2001-2003. MMWR January 21, 2005;54(02):36-39.
• Use of Carbon Monoxide Alarms to Prevent Poisonings During a Power Outage — North Carolina, December 2002. MMWR March 12, 2004;53(9):189-92.

Boat Related

• Carbon-Monoxide Poisoning Resulting from Exposure to Ski-Boat Exhaust — Georgia, June 2002. MMWR September 20, 2002;51(37):829-830.
• Carbon Monoxide Poisonings Resulting from Open Air Exposures to Operating Motorboats — Lake Havasu City, Arizona, 2003. MMWR April 23, 2004;53(15):314-318.
• Houseboat-Associated Carbon Monoxide Poisonings on Lake Powell — Arizona and Utah, 2000. MMWR December 15, 2000;49(49):1105-8.

Other

• Carbon Monoxide Exposures --- United States, 2000--2009. MMWR August 5, 2011 / 60(30);1014-1017.
• National Environmental Public Health Tracking Network - Carbon Monoxide Poisoning 
  The National Environmental Public Health Tracking Network is a system of integrated health, exposure, and hazard information and data from a variety of national, state, and city sources.
• Nonfatal, Unintentional, Non--Fire-Related Carbon Monoxide Exposures --- United States, 2004--2006. MMWR August 22, 2008 / 57(33);896-899.
• Carbon Monoxide--Related Deaths --- United States, 1999--2004. MMWR December 21, 2007 / 56(50);1309-1312.
• Carbon Monoxide Releases and Poisonings Attributed to Underground Utility Cable Fires — New York, January 2000-June 2004. MMWR October 8, 2004;53(39):920-922.
• National Vehicle Emissions Policies and Practices and Declining US Carbon Monoxide-Related Mortality [PDF - 93 KB] .
• Unintentional Poisoning Deaths --- United States, 1999--2004. MMWR February 9, 2007 / 56(05);93-96.

Top of Page