Acrylic acid

RTECS #

AS4375000

CAS #

79-10-7
See: NMAM or OSHA Methods

Updated

December 2018

Molecular Weight

72.07

Molecular Formula

C₃H₄O₂

Synonyms

2-Propenoic acid (9CI)
Acroleic acid
Acrylic acid (ACGIH)
Acrylic acid, glacial
Ethylenecarboxylic acid
Glacial acrylic acid
Kyselina akrylova (Czech)
Propene acid
Propenoic acid
RCRA waste number U008
Vinylformic acid

Skin and Eye Irritation and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
eye /rabbit	1 mg	severe	UCDS** 2/2/1965
eye /rabbit	250 µg/24H	severe	85JCAE -,309,1986
skin /rabbit	500 mg open irritation test	severe	UCDS** 2/2/1965
skin /rabbit	5 mg/24H	severe	85JCAE -,309,1986

Mutation Data and Reference

System Test	Route/Organism/Tissue	Dose	Reference
Cytogenetic Analysis	lymphocyte/mouse	450 mg/L	EMMUEG 11,49,1988
Cytogenetic Analysis	ovary/hamster	116 mg/L	FCTOD7 30,505,1992
mutation in mammalian somatic cells	other cell types/mouse	4.56 mmol/l (+/-enzymatic activation step)	HPV063 -,-,2003
mutation in mammalian somatic cells	lymphocyte/mouse	500 mg/L	EMMUEG 11,49,1988

Reproductive Effects Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
inhalation/rat	300 ppm (6-20D pregnant)	Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive: Other effects on female	TOSCF2 48,240,1999
inhalation/rabbit	75 ppm (6-18D pregnant)	Reproductive: Other effects on female	HPV063 -,-,2003
intraperitoneal/rat	14340 µg/kg (5-15D pregnant)	Reproductive: Other developmental abnormalities	JDREAF 51,1632,1972
intraperitoneal/rat	7329 µg/kg (5-15D pregnant)	Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system	JDREAF 51,1632,1972
oral/rat	169 gm/kg (13W male/13W pre-3W after birth)	Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physical	DCTODJ 6,1,1983
oral/rat	43680 mg/kg (multigeneration)	Reproductive: Other effects on female Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)	NTIS** OTS0573007
oral/rat	16800 mg/kg (multigeneration)	Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)	HPV063 -,-,2003

Tumorigenic Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
skin/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 37440 mg/kg/78W- intermittent	Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Blood: Leukemia	EPASR* 8EHQ-0386-0592
skin/mouse	toxic dose: 37440 mg/kg/78W- intermittent	Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Skin and Appendages: Tumors	EPASR* 8EHQ-0386-0592
subcutaneous/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 2912 mg/kg/52W- intermittent	Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Tumorigenic: Tumors at site of application	CBINA8 61,189,1987

Acute Toxicity Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
In Vitro/Human, skin	Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.08 mL/well/3M	In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.	TIVIEQ 28,616,2014
inhalation/human	lowest published toxic concentration: 40 mg/m³	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes	TOVEFN (4),23,2000
inhalation/monkey	Lethal concentration: >75 ppm/6H	Olfaction: Deviated nasal septum Olfaction: Ulcerated nasal septum	TOXID9 36(1 Pt2),113,1997
inhalation/mouse	lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 5300 mg/m³/2H		85GMAT -,16,1982
inhalation/rat	Lowest published lethal concentration: 4000 ppm/4H		TXAPA9 28,313,1974
inhalation/rat	Lowest published lethal concentration: 4105 mg/m³/1H	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea	HPV063 -,-,2003
intraperitoneal/mouse	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 144 mg/kg		YKKZAJ 104,793,1984
intraperitoneal/rat	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 22 mg/kg		JDREAF 51,1632,1972
oral/mouse	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2400 mg/kg	Tumorigenic: Active as anti-cancer agent	BIJOAK 34,1196,1940
oral/rat	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 33500 µg/kg		85GMAT -,16,1982
oral/rat	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1337 mg/kg	Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)	HPV063 -,-,2003
skin/rabbit	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 280 µL/kg		TXAPA9 28,313,1974
skin/rabbit	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 640 mg/kg	Cardiac: Cardiomegaly Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Acute pulmonary edema Skin: After topical application: Corrosive	HPV063 -,-,2003
subcutaneous/mouse	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1590 mg/kg		JPPMAB 21,85,1969
unreported route/mouse	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 830 mg/kg		GISAAA 49(10),64,1984
unreported route/rabbit	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 250 mg/kg		GISAAA 49(10),64,1984
unreported route/rat	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1250 mg/kg		GISAAA 49(10),64,1984

Other Multiple Dose Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
inhalation/mouse	lowest published toxic concentration: 223 ppm/6H/2W- intermittent	Olfaction: Other olfaction effects Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain	FAATDF 1,271,1981
inhalation/mouse	lowest published toxic concentration: 25 ppm/6H/13W- intermittent	Olfaction: Other olfaction effects Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain	FAATDF 1,271,1981
inhalation/mouse	lowest published toxic concentration: 225 ppm/6H/10D- intermittent	Olfaction: Other olfaction effects Behavioral: Muscle contraction or spasticity Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain	NTIS** OTS0555707
inhalation/mouse	lowest published toxic concentration: 25 ppm/13W- intermittent	Olfaction: Other olfaction effects Blood: Other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain	HPV063 -,-,2003
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 223 ppm/6H/2W- intermittent	Olfaction: Other olfaction effects Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain	FAATDF 1,271,1981
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 75 ppm/6H/13W- intermittent	Olfaction: Other olfaction effects	FAATDF 1,271,1981
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 225 ppm/6H/10D- intermittent	Olfaction: Other olfaction effects Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain	NTIS** OTS0555707
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 75 ppm/13W- intermittent	Olfaction: Other olfaction effects	HPV063 -,-,2003
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 22500 mg/kg/90D- continuous	Behavioral: Fluid intake Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in bladder weight Related to Chronic Data: Changes in testicular weight	DCTODJ 6,1,1983
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 36000 mg/kg/48W- intermittent	Behavioral: Food intake (animal) Behavioral: Fluid intake Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain	HPV063 -,-,2003
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 21000 mg/kg/12W- intermittent	Behavioral: Fluid intake	HPV063 -,-,2003
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 63000 mg/kg/12W- intermittent	Brain and Coverings: Changes in brain weight Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in kidney weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain	HPV063 -,-,2003

Reviews

Organization	Standard	Reference
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)	Threshold Limit Value-time-weighted average 2 ppm (skin)	DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)	Threshold Limit Value-Not classifiable as a human carcinogen	DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)	Cancer Review:Animal No Adequate Data	IMEMDT 19,47,1979
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)	Cancer Review:Animal No Adequate Data	IMEMDT 71,1223,1999
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)	Cancer Review:Human No Adequate Data	IMEMDT 19,47,1979
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)	Cancer Review:Human No Adequate Data	IMEMDT 71,1223,1999
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)	Cancer Review:Group 3	IMEMDT 71,1223,1999
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		ENTOX* -,45,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		NTAPM* -,727,1995
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		RTOPDW 54,247,2009
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		RTOPDW 55,43,2009
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		RTOPDW 55,52,2009

Standards and Regulations

Organization	Standard	Reference
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN check ACGIH TLV;
Occupational Exposure Limit IN SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIA	time-weighted average 2 ppm (5.9 mg/m³), JUL2008
Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUM	time-weighted average 2 ppm (6 mg/m³), Skin, MAR2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARK	time-weighted average 2 ppm (5.9 mg/m³), skin, MAY2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FINLAND	time-weighted average 2 ppm (6 mg/m³), short term exposure limit 15 ppm (45 mg/m³), NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FRANCE	VME 2 ppm (6 mg/m³), VLE 10 ppm (30 mg/m³), FEB2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-GERMANY	MAK 10 ppm (30 mg/m³), 2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELAND	time-weighted average 2 ppm (5.9 mg/m³), skin, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-KOREA	time-weighted average 10 ppm (30 mg/m³), 2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALAND	time-weighted average 2 ppm (5.9 mg/m³), skin, JAN2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-NORWAY	time-weighted average 10 ppm (30 mg/m³), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-PERU	time-weighted average 2 ppm (5.9 mg/m³), JUL2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-RUSSIA	time-weighted average 5 mg/m³, short term exposure limit 15 mg/m³, JUN2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWEDEN	time-weighted average 10 ppm (30 mg/m³);short term exposure limit 15 ppm (45 mg/m³), JUN2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLAND	ceiling concentration 10 ppm (30 mg/m³), JAN2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE NETHERLANDS	MAC-TGG 5.9 mg/m³, 2003

NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance

Organization	Standard	Reference
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO ACRYLIC ACID-air	10H time-weighted average 2 ppm (Sk)	NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983	Hazard Code 03570; Number of Industries 74; Total Number of Facilities 4826; Number of Occupations 67; Total Number of Employees Exposed 96535; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 28146
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974	Hazard Code 03570; Number of Industries 44; Total Number of Facilities 1679; Number of Occupations 41; Total Number of Employees Exposed 28576

Status in Federal Agencies

Organization	Reference
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA Section 8(e) Risk Notification, 8EHQ-0892-8796
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
On EPA IRIS database
OSHA ANALYTICAL METHOD #28

Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018

Content source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health