Propionitrile
RTECS #
UF9625000
CAS #
Updated
December 2018
Molecular Weight
55.09
Molecular Formula
C3H5N
Synonyms
Cyanoethane
Ether cyanatus
Ethyl cyanide
Ethylkyanid (Czech)
Hydrocyanic ether
Propanenitrile
Propannitril (Czech)
Propionic nitrile
Propiononitrile
RCRA waste number P101
Ether cyanatus
Ethyl cyanide
Ethylkyanid (Czech)
Hydrocyanic ether
Propanenitrile
Propannitril (Czech)
Propionic nitrile
Propiononitrile
RCRA waste number P101
Skin and Eye Irritation and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| eye /rabbit | 100 mg/24H | moderate | 85JCAE -,898,1986 |
| skin /rabbit | 500 mg/24H | mild | 85JCAE -,898,1986 |
Mutation Data and Reference
| System Test | Route/Organism/Tissue | Dose | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| mutation in mammalian somatic cells | other cell types/mouse | 643 mg/L/24H (-enzymatic activation step) | HPV108 -,-,2003 |
| sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction | inhalation/Drosophila melanogaster | 51 ppm | MUREAV 259,165,1991 |
| sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction | /Saccharomyes cerevisiae | 15100 mg/L | MUREAV 224,31,1989 |
Reproductive Effects Data and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| inhalation/rat | 200 ppm/6H (6-20D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) | FAATDF 20,365,1993 |
| inhalation/rat | 100 ppm/6H (6-20D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system | FAATDF 20,365,1993 |
| intraperitoneal/hamster | 238 mg/kg (8D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system | TJADAB 23,317,1981 |
| intraperitoneal/hamster | 238 mg/kg (8D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Extra embryonic structures (e.g., placenta, umbilical cord) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Cytological changes (including somatic cell genetic material) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) | TJADAB 23,325,1981 |
| intraperitoneal/hamster | 238 mg/kg (8D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system | TJADAB 23,325,1981 |
| oral/rat | 180 mg/kg (10D pregnant) | Reproductive: Other effects to embryo or fetus | TXAPA9 163,149,2000 |
| oral/rat | 1120 mg/kg (6-19D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured before birth) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) | FAATDF 7,33,1986 |
Acute Toxicity Data and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| inhalation/mouse | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 163 ppm/1H | Liver: Other changes | CTOXAO 18,991,1981 |
| inhalation/rat | Lowest published lethal concentration: 500 ppm/4H | AMIHBC 4,119,1951 | |
| inhalation/rat | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 3300 mg/m3/4H | Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Gastrointestinal: Changes in structure or function of salivary glands | HPV108 -,-,2003 |
| intraperitoneal/guinea pig | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 10 mg/kg | 38MKAJ 2C,4872,1982 | |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 28 mg/kg | Eye: Corneal damage Behavioral: Ataxia Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea | TXAPA9 59,589,1981 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 25 mg/kg | 38MKAJ 2C,4872,1982 | |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 189.7 mg/kg/24H | Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral: Muscle weakness Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression | FCTOD7 59,595,2013 |
| intravenous/rabbit | lowest published lethal dose: 50 mg/kg | CRSBAW 1,251,1889 | |
| oral/guinea pig | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 25 mg/kg | 38MKAJ 2C,4872,1982 | |
| oral/mouse | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 35797 µg/kg | NEZAAQ 39,423,1984 | |
| oral/rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 39 mg/kg | AMIHBC 4,119,1951 | |
| oral/rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 122.9 mg/kg | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects | FCTOD7 47,2314,2009 |
| oral/rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 83.6 mg/kg/24H | Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral: Muscle weakness Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression | FCTOD7 59,595,2013 |
| oral/rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 40 mg/kg | Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Liver: Other changes Blood: Hemorrhage | HPV108 -,-,2003 |
| skin/guinea pig | lowest published lethal dose: 5 gm/kg | 38MKAJ 2C,4872,1982 | |
| skin/rabbit | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 210 µL/kg | AMIHBC 4,119,1951 | |
| skin/rabbit | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 40 mg/kg | Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea Gastrointestinal: Other changes Liver: Other changes | HPV108 -,-,2003 |
| subcutaneous/frog | lowest published lethal dose: 8 gm/kg | Behavioral: Tremor Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea | AIPTAK 5,161,1899 |
| subcutaneous/guinea pig | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 18100 µg/kg | Behavioral: Tremor Behavioral: Muscle contraction or spasticity Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting | MELAAD 47,192,1956 |
| subcutaneous/rabbit | lowest published lethal dose: 60 mg/kg | Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Spastic paralysis with/without sensory change Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory stimulation | AIPTAK 5,161,1899 |
| subcutaneous/rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 150.7 mg/kg/24H | Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral: Muscle weakness Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression | FCTOD7 59,595,2013 |
| unreported route/Dog | lowest published lethal dose: 50 mg/kg | CRSBAW 1,251,1889 |
Other Multiple Dose Data and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 209 ppm/6H/14W- intermittent | Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition Blood: Changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | TOXID9 5,113,1985 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 60 ppm/14W- intermittent | Behavioral: Ataxia Endocrine: Changes in spleen weight | HPV108 -,-,2003 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 120 ppm/14W- intermittent | Behavioral: Ataxia Endocrine: Changes in spleen weight Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) | HPV108 -,-,2003 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 209 ppm/14W- intermittent | Liver: Changes in liver weight Endocrine: Changes in spleen weight Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | HPV108 -,-,2003 |
Reviews
| Organization | Standard | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | RTOPDW 54,247,2009 |
NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance
| Organization | Standard | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO PROPIONITRILE-air | 10H time-weighted average 6 ppm | NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992 |
Status in Federal Agencies
Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018
Content
source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health