Methane, tribromo-

RTECS #

PB5600000

CAS #

75-25-2
See: NMAM or OSHA Methods

Updated

December 2018

Molecular Weight

252.75

Molecular Formula

CHBr₃

Synonyms

Bromoform
Bromoform (ACGIH:OSHA)
Bromoforme (French)
Bromoformio (Italian)
Methenyl tribromide
Methyl tribromide
NCI-C55130
RCRA waste number U225
Tribrommethaan (Dutch)
Tribrommethan (German)
Tribromometan (Italian)
Tribromomethane

Mutation Data and Reference

System Test	Route/Organism/Tissue	Dose	Reference
Cytogenetic Analysis	intraperitoneal/rat	25300 µg/kg	MUREAV 242,111,1990
Cytogenetic Analysis	oral/rat	1265 mg/kg/5D- intermittent	MUREAV 242,111,1990
Cytogenetic Analysis	ovary/hamster	110 µg/L	ENMUDM 7,1,1985
DNA Damage	lung/human	100 µmol/L/3H	MUREAV 538,41,2003
DNA Damage	other cell types/human	1 mmol/L/4H	MUREAV 741,89,2012
micronucleus test	intratracheal/mouse	800 mg/kg/48H- intermittent	NTPTR* NTP-TR-350,1989
micronucleus test	multiple/non-mammalian species	5 ppm	MUREAV 292,83,1993
morphological transform	fibroblast/mouse	0.05 mg/L/21D (-enzymatic activation step)	EMMUEG 37,231,2001
mutation in mammalian somatic cells	lymphocyte/mouse	200 mg/L	NTPTR* NTP-TR-350,1989
mutation in microorganisms	/Salmonella typhimurium	1000 mg/L/2H (-enzymatic activation step)	EMMUEG 44,329,2004
mutation in microorganisms	/Salmonella typhimurium	666 µg/plate (+enzymatic activation step)	ENMUDM 5(Suppl 1),3,1983
mutation in microorganisms	/Salmonella typhimurium	100 µg/plate (-enzymatic activation step)	NTPTR* NTP-TR-350,1989
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction	oral/Drosophila melanogaster	3000 ppm	ENMUDM 7,677,1985
sister chromatid exchange	ovary/hamster	290 µg/L	ENMUDM 7,1,1985
sister chromatid exchange	lymphocyte/human	80 µmol/L	ENVRAL 32,72,1983
sister chromatid exchange	oral/mouse	100 mg/kg/4D- intermittent	ENVRAL 32,72,1983
sister chromatid exchange	intratracheal/mouse	800 gm/L	NTPTR* NTP-TR-350,1989
sister chromatid exchange	leukocyte/rat	20 µmol/L	MUREAV 300,241,1993
specific locus test	oral/Drosophila melanogaster	3000 ppm	NTPTR* NTP-TR-350,1989

Reproductive Effects Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
oral/mouse	5.6 gm/kg (7D prior to copulation/21D pregnant)	Reproductive: Maternal effects: Postpartum	NTIS** #PB89169254
oral/mouse	47 gm/kg (15W male/15W pre-4D after birth)	Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)	NTIS** #PB89169254
oral/mouse	200 mg/kg (multigenerations)	Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Hepatobiliary system Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system	NTIS** #PB89169254
oral/mouse	200 mg/kg (multigenerations)	Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)	NTIS** #PB89169254

Tumorigenic Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
intraperitoneal/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 1100 mg/kg/8W- intermittent	Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors	CNREA8 37,2717,1977
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 103000 mg/kg/103W- intermittent	Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Gastrointestinal: Tumors	NTIS** PB90-110149/AS
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 103000 mg/kg/103W- intermittent	Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Gastrointestinal: Tumors	NTIS** PB90-110149/AS
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 10400 mg/kg/2Y- continuous	Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Gastrointestinal: Tumors	NTPTR* NTP-TR-350,1989

Acute Toxicity Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
inhalation/mammal (species unspecified)	lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 12100 mg/m³		GTPZAB 18(4),55,1974
inhalation/mouse	lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 12100 mg/m³/2H	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes	VCVGH* -,581,1990
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 3900 mg/m³/2H	Brain and Coverings: Changes in surface EEG	VCVGH* -,581,1990
inhalation/rat	Lowest published lethal concentration: 45 gm/m³/4H		85GMAT -,28,1982
intraperitoneal/mouse	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1274 mg/kg		VCVGH* -,572,1990
intraperitoneal/rat	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 414 mg/kg	Eye: Lacrimation Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral: Antipsychotic	TOLED5 15,251,1983
oral/human	lowest published lethal dose: 143 mg/kg		34ZIAG -,141,1969
oral/mouse	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1072 mg/kg	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea	NTPTR* NTP-TR-350,1989
oral/rat	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 933 mg/kg	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea	NTPTR* NTP-TR-350,1989
subcutaneous/mouse	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1820 mg/kg		TXAPA9 4,354,1962
subcutaneous/rabbit	lowest published lethal dose: 410 mg/kg		AEXPBL 28,201,1891

Other Multiple Dose Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
oral/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 3500 mg/kg/14D- intermittent	Liver: Changes in liver weight Endocrine: Changes in spleen weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain	EVHPAZ 46,117,1982
oral/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 6500 mg/kg/13W- intermittent	Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field	NTPTR* NTP-TR-350,1989
oral/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 296 mg/kg/14D- intermittent	Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes primarily in glomeruli Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)	VCVGH* -,581,1990
oral/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 21000 mg/kg/15W- intermittent	Behavioral: Fluid intake	NTIS** #PB89169254
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 6230 mg/kg/4W- continuous	Liver: Other changes Liver: Changes in liver weight Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)	JTSCDR 17,119,1992
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 13 gm/kg/13W- intermittent	Liver: Other changes	NTPTR* NTP-TR-350,1989
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 5600 mg/kg/14D- intermittent	Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field	NTPTR* NTP-TR-350,1989
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 5840 mg/kg/1Y- continuous	Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition	TOXID9 14,281,1994

Reviews

Organization	Standard	Reference
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)	Threshold Limit Value-time-weighted average 0.5 ppm	DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)	Threshold Limit Value-Confirmed animal carcinogen	DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)	Cancer Review:Animal Limited Evidence	IMEMDT 52,213,1991
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)	Cancer Review:Animal Limited Evidence	IMEMDT 71,1309,1999
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)	Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence	IMEMDT 52,213,1991
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)	Cancer Review:Human No Adequate Data	IMEMDT 71,1309,1999
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)	Cancer Review:Group 3	IMEMDT 71,1309,1999
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 564,179,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 567,347,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		TXCYAC 198,239,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		ENTOX* -,345,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		ENTOX* -,546,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 584,1,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 636,242,2007
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 654,114,2008
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 608,157,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		TXAPA9 254,100,2011
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		FCTOD7 55,596,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 769,34,2014
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 831,1,2018

Standards and Regulations

Organization	Standard	Reference
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD-air	time-weighted average 0.5 ppm (5 mg/m³) (skin)	DTLVS* 3,28,1971
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN check ACGIH TLV;
Occupational Exposure Limit IN SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIA	time-weighted average 0.5 ppm (5.2 mg/m³), JUL2008
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRIA	MAK-TMW 0.5 ppm (5 mg/m³), 2007
Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUM	time-weighted average 0.5 ppm (5.3 mg/m³), Skin, MAR2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARK	time-weighted average 0.5 ppm (5 mg/m³), skin, MAY2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FINLAND	time-weighted average 0.5 ppm (5.2 mg/m³), short term exposure limit 1.5 ppm (16 mg/m³), skin, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FRANCE	VME 0.5 ppm (5 mg/m³), Skin, FEB2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELAND	time-weighted average 0.5 ppm (5 mg/m³), skin, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-JAPAN	Occupational Exposure Limit 1 ppm (10.3 mg/m³), MAY2012
Occupational Exposure Limit-KOREA	time-weighted average 0.5 ppm (5 mg/m³), skin, 2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-MEXICO	time-weighted average 0.5 ppm (5 mg/m³) (skin), 2004
Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALAND	time-weighted average 0.5 ppm (5.2 mg/m³), skin, JAN2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-PERU	time-weighted average 0,5 ppm (5,2 mg/m³), JUL2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-POLAND	time-weighted average 5 mg/m³, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-RUSSIA	short term exposure limit 5 mg/m³, JUN2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLAND	MAK-week 0.5 ppm (5 mg/m³), carc 3, skin, JAN2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE NETHERLANDS	MAC-TGG 5 mg/m³, Skin, 2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE PHILIPPINES	time-weighted average 0.5 ppm (5 mg/m³), Skin, JAN1993
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction)	8H time-weighted average 0.5 ppm (5 mg/m³) (skin)	CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors)	8H time-weighted average 0.5 ppm (5 mg/m³) (skin)	CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry)	8H time-weighted average 0.5 ppm (5 mg/m³) (skin)	CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards)	8H time-weighted average 0.5 ppm (5 mg/m³) (skin)	CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993

NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance

Organization	Standard	Reference
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO BROMOFORM-air	10H time-weighted average 0.5 ppm (Sk)	NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983	Hazard Code 13160; Number of Industries 1; Total Number of Facilities 14; Number of Occupations 2; Total Number of Employees Exposed 1473; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 230
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974	Hazard Code 13160; Number of Industries 3; Total Number of Facilities 43; Number of Occupations 3; Total Number of Employees Exposed 242

Status in Federal Agencies

Organization	Reference
ATSDR TOXICOLOGY PROFILE (NTIS** PB/91/180323/AS)
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NCI Carcinogenesis Studies (gavage);clear evidence:rat
NCI Carcinogenesis Studies (gavage);no evidence:mouse
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Hydrocarbons, halogenated, 1003
On EPA IRIS database

Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018

Content source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health