Methane, bromo-

RTECS #

PA4900000

CAS #

74-83-9
See: NMAM or OSHA Methods

Updated

December 2018

Molecular Weight

94.95

Molecular Formula

CH₃Br

Synonyms

Bercema
Brom-methan (German)
Brom-O-Gas
Bromometano (Italian)
Bromomethane
Brom-O-Sol
Bromure de methyle (French)
Bromuro di metile (Italian)
Broommethaan (Dutch)
Celfume
Curafume
Dawson 100
Detia gas EX-M
Dowfume MC-2
Dowfume MC-2 soil fumigant
Dowfume MC-33
Embafume
Fumigant-1 (Obs.)
Halon 1001
Haltox
Iscobrome
Kayafume
Metafume
Methogas
Methyl bromide
Methyl bromide (ACGIH:OSHA)
Methylbromid (German)
Metylu bromek (Polish)
Monobromomethane
Pestmaster (Obs.)
Profume (Obs.)
R 40B1
RCRA waste number U029
Terabol
Terr-O-Cide II
Terr-O-Gas 100
Terr-O-Gas 67
Zytox

Mutation Data and Reference

System Test	Route/Organism/Tissue	Dose	Reference
Cytogenetic Analysis	lymphocyte/human	95 mg/L	TCMUD8 10,21,1990
Cytogenetic Analysis	lung/hamster	0.05 pph/6H (+enzymatic activation step)	MUREAV 652,122,2008
Cytogenetic Analysis	lung/hamster	0.1 pph/6H (-enzymatic activation step)	MUREAV 652,122,2008
micronucleus test	inhalation/rat	338 ppm/6H/14D- intermittent	MUREAV 164,269,1986
micronucleus test	inhalation/mouse	100 ppm/6H/14D- intermittent	NTPTR* NTP-TR-385,1992
mutation in mammalian somatic cells	lymphocyte/mouse	300 µg/L	MUREAV 155,41,1985
mutation in microorganisms	/Salmonella typhimurium	400 ppm (+enzymatic activation step)	DHEFDK FDA-78-1046,1978
mutation in microorganisms	/Salmonella typhimurium	5000 mg/m³ (-enzymatic activation step)	MUREAV 116,185,1983
mutation in microorganisms	/Klebsiella pneumoniae	4750 mg/m³ (-enzymatic activation step)	MUREAV 155,41,1985
other mutation test systems	/Salmonella typhimurium	3 pph	ENMUDM 9,171,1987
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction	inhalation/Drosophila melanogaster	150 mg/m³/6H	MUREAV 113,272,1983
sister chromatid exchange	inhalation/mouse	200 ppm/6H/14D- intermittent	NTPTR* NTP-TR-385,1992
sister chromatid exchange	lymphocyte/human	43000 ppm	ENMUDM 7(Suppl 3),48,1985
sister chromatid exchange	lymphocyte/human	5 mg/L	TCMUD8 10,21,1990
specific locus test	inhalation/Drosophila melanogaster	8 mg/L/1H-continuous	MUREAV 192,131,1987

Reproductive Effects Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
oral/rat	300 mg/kg (6-15D pregnant)	Reproductive: Other effects on female	FCTOD7 36,421,1998
oral/rabbit	130 mg/kg (6-18D pregnant)	Reproductive: Other effects on female	FCTOD7 36,421,1998

Tumorigenic Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 30 ppm/6H/2.5Y- intermittent	Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Olfaction: Tumors	NTIS** OTS0559186
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 3250 mg/kg/13W- intermittent	Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Gastrointestinal: Peritonitis Gastrointestinal: Tumors	TXAPA9 72,262,1984

Acute Toxicity Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
inhalation/child	Lowest published lethal concentration: 1 gm/m³/2H	Blood: Change in clotting factors	NHOZAX 23,241,1969
inhalation/guinea pig	Lowest published lethal concentration: 300 ppm/9H	Behavioral: Muscle weakness Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Fibrosis, focal (pneumoconiosis) Skin and Appendages: Other: Hair	XPHBAO 185,1,1929
inhalation/guinea pig	Lowest published lethal concentration: 1200 mg/m³/9H	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes	VCVGH* -,575,1990
inhalation/human	lowest published toxic concentration: 35 ppm	Behavioral: Anorexia (human) Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting Skin: After topical application: Corrosive	INMEAF 11,575,1942
inhalation/human	Lowest published lethal concentration: 30000 mg/m³		VCVGH* -,575,1990
inhalation/man	Lowest published lethal concentration: 60000 ppm/2H	Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory stimulation Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting	BJIMAG 2,24,1945
inhalation/mouse	lowest published toxic concentration: 800 mg/m³	Behavioral: General anesthetic	VCVGH* -,574,1990
inhalation/mouse	Lowest published lethal concentration: 5200 mg/m³	Behavioral: Ataxia	VCVGH* -,574,1990
inhalation/mouse	lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 1540 mg/m³/2H		VCVGH* -,574,1990
inhalation/mouse	lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 4680 mg/m³/1H		VCVGH* -,574,1990
inhalation/mouse	lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 1700 ppm/30M		ENTOX* -,71,2005
inhalation/mouse	lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 405 ppm/4H		ENTOX* -,71,2005
inhalation/rabbit	Lowest published lethal concentration: 1000 mg/m³/30M		VCVGH* -,575,1990
inhalation/rabbit	lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 28900 mg/m³/30M		FATOBP 8,140,1973
inhalation/rat	lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 302 ppm/8H	Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay) Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature decrease	TXAPA9 81,183,1985
inhalation/rat	lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 2250 mg/m³/2H		VCVGH* -,575,1990
inhalation/rat	lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 2833 ppm/30M		ENTOX* -,71,2005
inhalation/rat	lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 302 ppm/8H		ENTOX* -,71,2005
intraperitoneal/mouse	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 313 mg/kg		VCVGH* -,572,1990
oral/Dog	lowest published lethal dose: 500 mg/kg	Cardiac: Pulse rate increased without fall in BP Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature decrease	NTIS** OTS0528834
oral/rat	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 214 mg/kg		TXAPA9 72,262,1984
skin/human	lowest published toxic dose: 35 gm/m³/40M- intermittent	Skin: After systemic exposure: Dermatitis, irritative	ARDEAC 124,917,1988
subcutaneous/rat	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 135 mg/kg		INHEAO 26,101,1988

Other Multiple Dose Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
inhalation/guinea pig	lowest published toxic concentration: 850 mg/m³/8H/26W- intermittent	Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Spastic paralysis with/without sensory change Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Chronic pulmonary edema or congestion Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea	JIHTAB 22,218,1940
inhalation/monkey	lowest published toxic concentration: 250 mg/m³/8H/26W- intermittent	Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Spastic paralysis with/without sensory change Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold	JIHTAB 22,218,1940
inhalation/mouse	lowest published toxic concentration: 200 ppm/6H/14D- intermittent	Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field	NTPTR* NTP-TR-385,1992
inhalation/mouse	lowest published toxic concentration: 120 ppm/6H/13W- intermittent	Behavioral: Muscle contraction or spasticity Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field	NTPTR* NTP-TR-385,1992
inhalation/mouse	lowest published toxic concentration: 160 ppm/6H/6W- intermittent	Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) Endocrine: Other changes Blood: Changes in spleen	FAATDF 11,594,1988
inhalation/rabbit	lowest published toxic concentration: 130 mg/m³/8H/26W- intermittent	Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Spastic paralysis with/without sensory change Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Fibrosis, focal (pneumoconiosis) Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field	JIHTAB 22,218,1940
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 120 ppm/6H/13W- intermittent	Blood: Pigmented or nucleated red blood cells Blood: Changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain	NTPTR* NTP-TR-385,1992
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 150 ppm/6H/5D- intermittent	Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Amino acids (including renal excretion)	TXAPA9 112,120,1992
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 160 ppm/6H/6W- intermittent	Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes Olfaction: Other olfaction effects Cardiac: Other changes	FAATDF 11,594,1988
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 300 ppm/4H/3W- intermittent	Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral: Ataxia Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field	TOLED5 6,293,1980
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 290 ppm/4W- intermittent	Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other enzymes	NRTXDN 28,252,2007
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 21840 mg/kg/2Y- continuous	Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition Skin and Appendages: Other: Hair Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain	FCTOD7 28,109,1990

Reviews

Organization	Standard	Reference
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)	Threshold Limit Value-time-weighted average 1 ppm (skin)	DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)	Threshold Limit Value-Not classifiable as a human carcinogen	DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)	Cancer Review:Animal Limited Evidence	IMEMDT 41,187,1986
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)	Cancer Review:Animal Limited Evidence	IMEMDT 71,721,1999
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)	Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence	IMEMDT 41,187,1986
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)	Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence	IMEMDT 71,721,1999
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)	Cancer Review:Group 3	IMEMDT 71,721,1999
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		TOLED5 134,3,2002
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 543,201,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUTAEX 21,93,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		CHHSA* 9,6,2002
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		ENTOX* -,71,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 584,1,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		TOPADD 33,517,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		HUTOX* -,561,1996
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		HUTOX* -,577,1996
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 543,251,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		FCTOD7 47,1287,2009
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 590,1,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		NEUCL* 23,377,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		NTAPM* -,239,1995
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		NTAPM* -,629,1995
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUTAEX 26,19,2011
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		REPTED 31,392,2011
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		TXAPA9 254,100,2011
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 763,294,2015
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		TXCYAC 307,3,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		TXCYAC 307,123,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		TXAPA9 268,157,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUTAEX 31,347,2016
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		RTOPDW 54,247,2009

Standards and Regulations

Organization	Standard	Reference
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION		FEREAC 54,7740,1989
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1998 STATUS OF PESTICIDES	Supported	RBREV* -,132,1998
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD-air	time-weighted average 15 ppm (60 mg/m³) (skin)	DTLWS* 3,23,1973
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN check ACGIH TLV;
Occupational Exposure Limit IN SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
Occupational Exposure Limit-ARAB Republic of Egypt	time-weighted average 5 ppm (20 mg/m³), Skin, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIA	time-weighted average 5 ppm (19 mg/m³), JUL2008
Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUM	time-weighted average 5 ppm (19 mg/m³), Skin, MAR2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARK	time-weighted average 5 ppm (20 mg/m³), skin, MAY2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FINLAND	time-weighted average 5 ppm (20 mg/m³), short term exposure limit 10 ppm (39 mg/m³), skin, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FRANCE	VME 5 ppm (20 mg/m³), FEB2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-HUNGARY	time-weighted average 10 mg/m³, short term exposure limit 10 mg/m³, Skin, SEP2000
Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELAND	time-weighted average 5 ppm (20 mg/m³), skin, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-JAPAN	Occupational Exposure Limit 1 ppm (3.89 mg/m³), skin, MAY2012
Occupational Exposure Limit-KOREA	time-weighted average 5 ppm (20 mg/m³), skin, 2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-MEXICO	time-weighted average 15 ppm (20 mg/m³);short term exposure limit 15 ppm (60 mg/m³) (skin), 2004
Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALAND	time-weighted average 5 ppm (19 mg/m³), skin, JAN2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-NORWAY	time-weighted average 5 ppm (20 mg/m³), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-PERU	time-weighted average 1 ppm (4 mg/m³), JUL2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-POLAND	MAC(time-weighted average) 5 mg/m³, MAC(short term exposure limit) 40 mg/m³, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-RUSSIA	time-weighted average 1 mg/m³, short term exposure limit 3 mg/m³, JUN2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWEDEN	time-weighted average 5 ppm (19 mg/m³);short term exposure limit 10 ppm (40 mg/m³), Skin, JUN2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLAND	MAK-week 1 ppm (3.9 mg/m³), KZG-week 2 ppm (7.8 mg/m³), JAN2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-THAILAND	time-weighted average 20 ppm (80 mg/m³), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE NETHERLANDS	MAC-TGG 1 mg/m³, Skin, 2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE PHILIPPINES	time-weighted average 20 ppm (80 mg/m³), Skin, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-TURKEY	time-weighted average 20 ppm (80 mg/m³), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-UNITED KINGDOM	time-weighted average 5 ppm (20 mg/m³);short term exposure limit 15 ppm (59 mg/m³), skin, OCT2007
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction)	ceiling concentration 20 ppm (80 mg/m³) (skin)	CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors)	ceiling concentration 20 ppm (80 mg/m³) (skin)	CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry)	ceiling concentration 20 ppm (80 mg/m³) (skin)	CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards)	ceiling concentration 20 ppm (80 mg/m³) (skin)	CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993

NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance

Organization	Standard	Reference
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO METHYL BROMIDE-air	Carcinogen lowest feasible concentration	NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983	Hazard Code M0420; Number of Industries 4; Total Number of Facilities 513; Number of Occupations 5; Total Number of Employees Exposed 5603; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 975
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974	Hazard Code M0420; Number of Industries 10; Total Number of Facilities 597; Number of Occupations 14; Total Number of Employees Exposed 15899

Status in Federal Agencies

Organization	Reference
ATSDR TOXICOLOGY PROFILE (NTIS** PB/93/110682/AS)
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA Section 8(e) Risk Notification, 8EHQ-0493-8835
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NCI Carcinogenesis Studies (inhal);no evidence:mouse
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Methyl bromide, 2520
NIOSH CURRENT INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN 43, 1984
On EPA IRIS database

Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018

Content source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health