Isobutyl alcohol

RTECS #

NP9625000

CAS #

78-83-1
See: NMAM or OSHA Methods

Updated

December 2017

Molecular Weight

74.14

Molecular Formula

C₄H₁₀O

Synonyms

1-Hydroxymethylpropane
1-Propanol, 2-methyl-
2-Methyl propanol
2-Methyl-1-propanol
2-Methylpropan-1-ol
2-Methylpropyl alcohol
Alcool isobutylique (French)
Fermentation butyl alcohol
Isobutanol
Isobutyl alcohol (ACGIH:OSHA)
Isobutylalkohol (Czech)
Isopropylcarbinol
RCRA waste number U140

Mutation Data and Reference

System Test	Route/Organism/Tissue	Dose	Reference
mutation in microorganisms	/Escherichia coli	25000 ppm (-enzymatic activation step)	ABMGAJ 23,843,1969

Reproductive Effects Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
inhalation/rat	10000 mg/m³ (6-15D pregnant)	Reproductive: Other effects on female	HPV357 -,-,2006
inhalation/rabbit	10000 mg/m³ (7-19D pregnant)	Reproductive: Other effects on female	HPV357 -,-,2006

Tumorigenic Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 29 gm/kg/71W- intermittent	Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Skin and Appendages: Tumors Blood: Leukemia	ARGEAR 45,19,1975
subcutaneous/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 9 gm/kg/78W- intermittent	Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Gastrointestinal: Tumors Liver: Tumors	ARGEAR 45,19,1975

Acute Toxicity Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
eye/human	lowest published toxic dose: 72.5 mg/m³	Eye: Conjunctiva irritation	VCVGK* -,103,1984
In Vitro/Human, liver tumor	Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 77 mmol/L/24H	In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell protein synthesis	TIVIEQ 3,189,1989
In Vitro/Rabbit, ocular	Inhibitor Concentration Low: 5 pph/5M	In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.	TIVIEQ 27,1855,2013
inhalation/guinea pig	lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 19900 mg/m³/4H		VCVGK* -,102,1984
inhalation/mammal (species unspecified)	lowest published toxic concentration: 15.7 mg/m³/4H	Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes Liver: Multiple effects Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hyperfunction	VCVGK* -,102,1984
inhalation/mouse	lowest published toxic concentration: 700 ppm/6M	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression	TOLED5 9,137,1981
inhalation/mouse	lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 15500 mg/m³/2H		VCVGK* -,102,1984
inhalation/rabbit	lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 2630 mg/m³/4H		VCVGK* -,102,1984
inhalation/rat	lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 19200 mg/m³/4H		VCVGK* -,102,1984
inhalation/rat	Lowest published lethal concentration: 8000 mg/m³/4H		VCVGK* -,102,1984
inhalation/rat	Lowest published lethal concentration: 8000 ppm/4H		AMIHBC 10,61,1954
intraperitoneal/guinea pig	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1201 mg/kg		EVHPAZ 61,321,1985
intraperitoneal/hamster	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1401 mg/kg		EVHPAZ 61,321,1985
intraperitoneal/mouse	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 544 mg/kg	Liver: Other changes	RCOCB8 26,75,1979
intraperitoneal/mouse	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 544 mg/kg		VCVGK* -,102,1984
intraperitoneal/rabbit	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 323 mg/kg		EVHPAZ 61,321,1985
intraperitoneal/rat	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 720 mg/kg		EVHPAZ 61,321,1985
intravenous/cat	lowest published lethal dose: 180 mg/kg		VCVGK* -,102,1984
intravenous/mouse	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 417 mg/kg		EVHPAZ 61,321,1985
intravenous/rat	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 340 mg/kg		EVHPAZ 61,321,1985
oral/human	lowest published lethal dose: 428 mg/kg		VCVGK* -,103,1984
oral/mouse	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 3500 mg/kg		VCVGK* -,102,1984
oral/rabbit	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 74.1 mg/kg		VCVGK* -,102,1984
oral/rabbit	lowest published lethal dose: 3750 mg/kg		VCVGK* -,102,1984
oral/rabbit	lowest published lethal dose: 3750 mg/kg	Behavioral: General anesthetic	JLCMAK 10,985,1925
oral/rat	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2460 mg/kg		AMIHBC 10,61,1954
skin/rabbit	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 3400 mg/kg		NPIRI* 1,11,1974

Other Multiple Dose Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 1500 ppm/6H/2W- intermittent	Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea	NTIS** OTS0558856
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 0.5 mg/m³/122D- continuous	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Liver: Other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain	VCVGK* -,103,1994
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 93 gm/kg/13W- intermittent	Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Changes in: K Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field	NTIS** OTS0531063

Reviews

Organization	Standard	Reference
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)	Threshold Limit Value-time-weighted average 50 ppm	DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		FCTOD7 47,1287,2009
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		REPTED 58,252,2015
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		FCTOD7 97,S157,2016
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		NETEEC 52,68,2015

Standards and Regulations

Organization	Standard	Reference
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD-air	time-weighted average 100 ppm (300 mg/m³)	DTLVS* 3,140,1971
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN check ACGIH TLV;
Occupational Exposure Limit IN SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIA	time-weighted average 50 ppm (152 mg/m³), JUL2008
Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUM	time-weighted average 50 ppm (154 mg/m³), MAR2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARK	ceiling concentration 50 ppm (150 mg/m³), MAY2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FINLAND	time-weighted average 50 ppm (150 mg/m³), short term exposure limit 75 ppm (230 mg/m³), skin, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FRANCE	VME 50 ppm (150 mg/m³), FEB2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-GERMANY	MAK 100 ppm (310 mg/m³), 2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELAND	short term exposure limit 50 ppm (150 mg/m³), skin, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-JAPAN	Occupational Exposure Limit 50 ppm (150 mg/m³), MAY2012
Occupational Exposure Limit-KOREA	time-weighted average 50 ppm (150 mg/m³), 2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-MEXICO	time-weighted average 50 ppm (150 mg/m³);short term exposure limit 75 ppm (225 mg/m³), 2004
Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALAND	time-weighted average 50 ppm (152 mg/m³), JAN2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-PERU	time-weighted average 50 ppm (152 mg/m³), JUL2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-POLAND	MAC(time-weighted average) 100 mg/m³, MAC(short term exposure limit) 200 mg/m³, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-RUSSIA	short term exposure limit 10 mg/m³, JUN2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWEDEN	time-weighted average 50 ppm (150 mg/m³);short term exposure limit 75 ppm (250 mg/m³), Skin, JUN2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLAND	ceiling concentration 50 ppm (150 mg/m³), JAN2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE NETHERLANDS	MAC-TGG 150 mg/m³, 2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-UNITED KINGDOM	time-weighted average 50 ppm (154 mg/m³);short term exposure limit 75 ppm (231 mg/m³), OCT2007
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction)	8H time-weighted average 100 ppm (300 mg/m³)	CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors)	8H time-weighted average 100 ppm (300 mg/m³)	CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry)	8H time-weighted average 100 ppm (300 mg/m³)	CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards)	8H time-weighted average 100 ppm (300 mg/m³)	CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993

NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance

Organization	Standard	Reference
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO ISOBUTYL ALCOHOL-air	10H time-weighted average 50 ppm	NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983	Hazard Code 40430; Number of Industries 155; Total Number of Facilities 15449; Number of Occupations 99; Total Number of Employees Exposed 256975; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 49376
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974	Hazard Code 40430; Number of Industries 181; Total Number of Facilities 16985; Number of Occupations 98; Total Number of Employees Exposed 107310

Status in Federal Agencies

Organization	Reference
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Alcohols II, 1401
On EPA IRIS database

Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018

Content source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health