Ethanol, 2,2'-iminodi-

RTECS #

KL2975000

CAS #

111-42-2
See: NMAM or OSHA Methods

Updated

March 2019

Molecular Weight

105.16

Molecular Formula

C₄H₁₁NO₂

Synonyms

2-(2-Hydroxyethylamino)ethanol
2,2'-Dihydroxydiethylamine
2,2'-Iminobisethanol
2,2'-Iminodiethanol
Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amine
DEA
Di(2-hydroxyethyl)amine
Diaethanolamin (German)
Diethanolamin (Czech)
Diethanolamine
Diethanolamine (ACGIH)
Diethylamine, 2,2'-dihydroxy-
Diethylolamine
Diolamine
NCI-C55174

Skin and Eye Irritation and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
eye /rabbit	5500 mg	severe	AJOPAA 29,1363,1946
eye /rabbit	750 µg/24H	severe	85JCAE -,685,1986
skin /rabbit	50 mg open irritation test	mild	UCDS** 12/29/1971
skin /rabbit	500 mg/24H	mild	85JCAE -,685,1986

Mutation Data and Reference

System Test	Route/Organism/Tissue	Dose	Reference
specific locus test	other cell types/human	90 mg/L/16H (-enzymatic activation step)	MUREAV 724,76,2011
Unscheduled DNA Synthesis	liver/rat	10 mg/L/24H	TOXID9 72,238,2003
Unscheduled DNA Synthesis	liver/mouse	10 mg/L/24H	TOXID9 72,238,2003

Reproductive Effects Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
inhalation/rat	200 mg/m³/6H (6-15D pregnant)	Reproductive: Other effects on female	NTIS** OTS0538412
oral/rat	2800 mg/kg (6-19D pregnant)	Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)	BDERB* 74,243,2005
oral/rat	1750 mg/kg (6-19D pregnant)	Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects	BDERB* 74,243,2005
oral/rat	18382 mg/kg (14D male)	Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)	NTPTR* NIH-92-3343
skin/rat	15 gm/kg (6-15D pregnant)	Reproductive: Other effects on female Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects	RTOPDW 30,169,1999
skin/rabbit	4550 mg/kg (6-18D pregnant)	Reproductive: Other effects on female	RTOPDW 30,169,1999
skin/rat	15000 mg/kg (6-15D pregnant)	Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system	RTOPDW 30,169,1999

Tumorigenic Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
skin/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 21 gm/kg/2Y- intermittent	Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors	NTPTR* NTP-TR-478,1999
skin/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 57680 mg/kg/103W- intermittent	Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors	NTIS** PB99-167553
skin/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 28840 mg/kg/103W- intermittent	Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors	NTIS** PB99-167553
skin/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 20857 mg/kg/2Y- intermittent	Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors	CBINA8 146,251,2003

Acute Toxicity Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
In Vitro/Human, liver tumor	Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 14 mmol/L/24H	In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell protein synthesis	TIVIEQ 3,189,1989
In Vitro/Human, lymphocyte	Inhibitor Concentration (30 percent kill): >200 mg/L/45H	In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (dye exclusion): trypan blue assay etc.	TIVIEQ 29,901,2015
In Vitro/Human, lymphocyte	Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 26 mg/L/45H	In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays	TIVIEQ 29,901,2015
intramuscular/rat	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1500 mg/kg		EVSSAV 2,289,1968
intraperitoneal/mouse	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 210 mg/kg		NTIS** OTS0516742
intraperitoneal/rat	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 120 mg/kg		EVSSAV 2,289,1968
intravenous/rat	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 778 mg/kg		EVSSAV 2,289,1968
oral/guinea pig	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2 gm/kg		85INA8 5,197,1986
oral/mammal (species unspecified)	lowest published lethal dose: 3 gm/kg		NTIS** OTS0520710
oral/mouse	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 3300 mg/kg	Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral: Excitement Behavioral: Muscle contraction or spasticity	GISAAA 29(11),25,1964
oral/rabbit	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2200 mg/kg		EVSSAV 2,289,1968
oral/rat	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 620 µL/kg	Eye: Lacrimation Behavioral: Tremor Skin and Appendages: Other: Hair	NTIS** OTS0516797
skin/guinea pig	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 11900 µL/kg		NTIS** OTS0516742
skin/rabbit	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 7640 µL/kg	Behavioral: Ataxia Musculoskeletal: Other changes Skin: After systemic exposure: Dermatitis, other	NTIS** OTS0516797
subcutaneous/rat	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2200 mg/kg		EVSSAV 2,289,1968

Other Multiple Dose Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 400 mg/m³/6H/98D- intermittent	Brain and Coverings: Changes in brain weight Liver: Changes in liver weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain	FCTOD7 46,2173,2008
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 400 mg/m³/6H/98D- intermittent	Liver: Changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in kidney weight Blood: Changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count	FCTOD7 46,2173,2008
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 150 mg/m³/6H/98D- intermittent	Gastrointestinal: Ulceration or bleeding from stomach Liver: Changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in kidney weight	FCTOD7 46,2173,2008
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 150 mg/m³/6H/98D- intermittent	Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in kidney weight Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Phosphatases Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation	FCTOD7 46,2173,2008
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 150 mg/m³/6H/98D- intermittent	Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in kidney weight Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Phosphatases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases	FCTOD7 46,2173,2008
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 15 mg/m³/6H/98D- intermittent	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation	FCTOD7 46,2173,2008
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 8 mg/m³/6H/103D- intermittent	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Liver: Changes in liver weight Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation	FCTOD7 46,2173,2008
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 8 mg/m³/6H/103D- intermittent	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation	FCTOD7 46,2173,2008
oral/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 4800 mg/kg/8D- intermittent	Liver: Changes in liver weight Blood: Changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain	NTPTR* IMM-9801
oral/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 8400 mg/kg/14D- intermittent	Blood: Normocytic anemia Blood: Changes in other cell count (unspecified) Blood: Changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count	NTPTR* IMM-9801
oral/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 8400 mg/kg/14D- intermittent	Immunological Including Allergic: Increase in cellular immune response Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response	NTPTR* IMM-9801
oral/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 4200 mg/kg/14D- intermittent	Immunological Including Allergic: Decreased immune response	NTPTR* IMM-9801
oral/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 30366 mg/kg/14D- continuous	Liver: Changes in liver weight Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Dehydrogenases	NTPTR* NIH-92-3343
oral/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 38402 mg/kg/13W- continuous	Cardiac: Changes in heart weight Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in bladder weight Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases	NTPTR* NIH-92-3343
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 52 gm/kg/14D- continuous	Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition Blood: Normocytic anemia Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Dehydrogenases	NTPTR* NIH-92-3343
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 8827 mg/kg/13W- continuous	Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in bladder weight Blood: Normocytic anemia Related to Chronic Data: Changes in testicular weight	NTPTR* NIH-92-3343
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 49 gm/kg/7W- continuous	Liver: Other changes Blood: Normocytic anemia Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field	TXAPA9 17,308,1970
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 2800 mg/kg/14D- intermittent	Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field	NTIS** #PB2001-103718
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 2100 mg/kg/7D- intermittent	Behavioral: Sleep Behavioral: Tremor Skin and Appendages: Other: Hair	NTIS** #PB2001-103718
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 500 mg/kg/4D- intermittent	Behavioral: Fluid intake	NTIS** #PB2001-103718
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 1750 mg/kg/14D- intermittent	Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in kidney weight	NTIS** #PB2001-103718
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 1400 mg/kg/7D- intermittent	Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain	BDERB* 74,243,2005
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 800 mg/kg/4D- intermittent	Behavioral: Food intake (animal)	BDERB* 74,243,2005
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 1000 mg/kg/4D- intermittent	Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain	BDERB* 74,243,2005
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 875 mg/kg/7D- intermittent	Behavioral: Fluid intake	BDERB* 74,243,2005
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 1600 mg/kg/8D- intermittent	Liver: Changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in bladder weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain	NTPTR* IMM-20303
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 2800 mg/kg/14D- intermittent	Blood: Normocytic anemia Blood: Changes in other cell count (unspecified) Blood: Changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count	NTPTR* IMM-20303
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 2800 mg/kg/14D- intermittent	Blood: Changes in cell count (unspecified) Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response	NTPTR* IMM-20303
skin/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 70 mg/kg/1W- intermittent	Liver: Changes in liver weight	FCTOD7 42,127,2004
skin/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 910 mg/kg/13W- intermittent	Tumorigenic: Cells (cultured) transformed	FCTOD7 42,127,2004
skin/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 280 mg/kg/1W- intermittent	Liver: Other changes	FCTOD7 42,127,2004
skin/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 1120 mg/kg/1W- intermittent	Liver: Changes in liver weight Tumorigenic: Cells (cultured) transformed	FCTOD7 42,127,2004
skin/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 4410 mg/kg/1W- intermittent	Skin: After topical application: Corrosive	FCTOD7 42,127,2004
skin/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 1120 mg/kg/1W- intermittent	Liver: Other changes Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes	TOXID9 60,287,2001
skin/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 30 gm/kg/16D- intermittent	Liver: Changes in liver weight Skin: After systemic exposure: Dermatitis, other Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field	NTPTR* NIH-92-3343
skin/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 40950 mg/kg/13W- intermittent	Liver: Changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in bladder weight Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases	NTPTR* NIH-92-3343
skin/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 1008 mg/kg/16D- intermittent	Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition Blood: Normocytic anemia Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Dehydrogenases	NTPTR* NIH-92-3343
skin/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 8125 mg/kg/13W- intermittent	Liver: Changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in bladder weight Blood: Normocytic anemia	NTPTR* NIH-92-3343

Reviews

Organization	Standard	Reference
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)	Threshold Limit Value-time-weighted average 1 mg/m³ (inhal, vapor, skin)	DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)	Threshold Limit Value-Confirmed animal carcinogen	DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)	Cancer Review:Animal Limited Evidence	IMEMDT 77,564,2000
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)	Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient Evidence	IMEMDT 101,136,2013
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)	Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence	IMEMDT 77,564,2000
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)	Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence	IMEMDT 101,136,2013
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)	Cancer Review:Group 3	IMEMDT 77,564,2000
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)	Cancer Review:Group 2B	IMEMDT 101,136,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 543,201,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		ENTOX* -,266,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 584,1,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		TOPADD 33,517,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		REPTED 25,192,2008
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 654,114,2008
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 566,49,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 672,10,2009
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		FCTOD7 47,1287,2009
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 653,99,2008
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		EMMUEG 49,9,2008
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 786-788,14,2015
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		REPTED 58,252,2015
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 795,7,2016
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 809,1,2016
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		RTOPDW 56,54,2010
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		RTOPDW 61,1,2011

Standards and Regulations

Organization	Standard	Reference
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN check ACGIH TLV;
Occupational Exposure Limit IN SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIA	time-weighted average 3 ppm (13 mg/m³), JUL2008
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRIA	MAK-TMW 0.46 ppm (2 mg/m³);KZW 0.92 ppm (4 mg/m³), skin, sen, 2007
Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUM	time-weighted average 0.46 ppm (2 mg/m³), Skin, MAR2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARK	time-weighted average 0.46 ppm (2 mg/m³), skin, MAY2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FINLAND	time-weighted average 0.46 ppm (2 mg/m³), skin, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FRANCE	VME 3 ppm (15 mg/m³), FEB2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-GERMANY	MAK 1 mg/m³, inhal, 2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELAND	time-weighted average 0.46 ppm (2 mg/m³), skin, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-KOREA	time-weighted average 3 ppm (15 mg/m³), 2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALAND	time-weighted average 3 ppm (13 mg/m³), skin, JAN2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-NORWAY	time-weighted average 3 ppm (15 mg/m³), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-PERU	time-weighted average 0.46 ppm (2 mg/m³), JUL2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-RUSSIA	short term exposure limit 5 mg/m³, Skin, JUN2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWEDEN	time-weighted average 3 ppm (15 mg/m³);short term exposure limit 6 ppm (30 mg/m³), Skin, JUN2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLAND	ceiling concentration 1 mg/m³, inhal, skin, sen, JAN2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE NETHERLANDS	MAC-TGG 2 mg/m³, 2003

NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance

Organization	Standard	Reference
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO DIETHANOLAMINE-air	10H time-weighted average 3 ppm	NIOSH* DHHS #95-121,1995
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983	Hazard Code 24615; Number of Industries 249; Total Number of Facilities 46466; Number of Occupations 171; Total Number of Employees Exposed 828471; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 218923
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974	Hazard Code T0517; Number of Industries 3; Total Number of Facilities 315; Number of Occupations 2; Total Number of Employees Exposed 857
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974	Hazard Code 24615; Number of Industries 147; Total Number of Facilities 18443; Number of Occupations 118; Total Number of Employees Exposed 186455

Status in Federal Agencies

Organization	Reference
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA Section 8(e) Risk Notification, 8EHQ-0293-8736;8EHQ-0293-8746
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NCI Carcinogenesis Studies (derm);clear evidence:mouse
NCI Carcinogenesis Studies (derm);no evidence:rat
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Aminoethanol compounds II, 3509
NTP Toxicity studies, RPT# TOX-20, October 2000

Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018

Content source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health