Ethane, chloro-

RTECS #

KH7525000

CAS #

75-00-3
See: NMAM or OSHA Methods

Updated

December 2018

Molecular Weight

64.52

Molecular Formula

C₂H₅Cl

Synonyms

Aethylchlorid (German)
Aethylis
Aethylis chloridum
Anodynon
Chelen
Chloorethaan (Dutch)
Chlorene
Chlorethyl
Chloroaethan (German)
Chloroethane
Chloroethyl
Chlorure d'ethyle (French)
Chloryl
Chloryl anesthetic
Cloretilo
Cloroetano (Italian)
Cloruro di etile (Italian)
Dublofix
Ether chloratus
Ether chloridum
Ether hydrochloric
Ether muriatic
Ethyl chloride
Ethyl chloride (ACGIH:OSHA)
Etylu chlorek (Polish)
Hydrochloric ether
Kelene
Monochlorethane
Monochloroethane
Muriatic ether
Narcotile
NCI-C06224

Mutation Data and Reference

System Test	Route/Organism/Tissue	Dose	Reference
Cytogenetic Analysis	lung/hamster	20 pph/6H (-enzymatic activation step)	MUREAV 652,122,2008
Cytogenetic Analysis	lung/hamster	30 pph/6H (+enzymatic activation step)	MUREAV 652,122,2008
mutation in mammalian somatic cells	ovary/hamster	2340 mg/L	MUREAV 322,33,1994
mutation in microorganisms	/Salmonella typhimurium	10 µg/plate (+/-enzymatic activation step)	NTPTR* NTP-TR-346,1988
mutation in microorganisms	/Escherichia coli	1 pph (+/-enzymatic activation step)	MUREAV 307,335,1994

Reproductive Effects Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
inhalation/rat	60 mg/m³/4H (26W male)	Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)	GTPZAB 10(2),37,1966

Tumorigenic Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
inhalation/mouse	lowest published toxic concentration: 15000 ppm/6H/2Y- intermittent	Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors Reproductive: Tumorigenic effects: Uterine tumors	NTPTR* NTP-TR-346,1989
inhalation/mouse	lowest published toxic concentration: 927000 mg/kg/103W- intermittent	Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Reproductive: Tumorigenic effects: Uterine tumors	NTIS** PB90-225053/AS
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 15000 ppm/6H/2Y- intermittent	Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Skin and Appendages: Tumors	NTPTR* NTP-TR-346,1989
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 463500 mg/kg/103W- intermittent	Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Skin and Appendages: Tumors	NTIS** PB90-225053/AS
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 386250 mg/kg/103W- intermittent	Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Brain and Coverings: Tumors	NTIS** PB90-225053/AS

Acute Toxicity Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
inhalation/guinea pig	Lowest published lethal concentration: 40000 ppm/45M	Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral: Excitement Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Acute pulmonary edema	XPHBAO 185,1,1929
inhalation/guinea pig	Lowest published lethal concentration: 260000 mg/m³/90M		VCVGH* -,353,1990
inhalation/human	lowest published toxic concentration: 3 pph/1M	Behavioral: General anesthetic	VCVGH* -,353,1990
inhalation/human	lowest published toxic concentration: 4 pph	Eye: Conjunctiva irritation Gastrointestinal: Other changes	VCVGH* -,353,1990
inhalation/human	lowest published toxic concentration: 90000 mg/m³/8M	Behavioral: Ataxia	VCVGH* -,353,1990
inhalation/human	lowest published toxic concentration: 35000 mg/m³/20M	Behavioral: General anesthetic	VCVGH* -,353,1990
inhalation/mouse	lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 121300 mg/m³/2H		VCVGH* -,353,1990
inhalation/mouse	lowest published toxic concentration: 140000 mg/m³/2H	Behavioral: General anesthetic	VCVGH* -,353,1990
inhalation/rat	lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 150000 mg/m³/2H		VCVGH* -,353,1990
inhalation/rat	lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 152 gm/m³/2H	Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes Behavioral: General anesthetic Blood: Hemorrhage	TPKVAL 6,45,1964
inhalation/rat	Lowest published lethal concentration: 145 gm/m³/10M	Brain and Coverings: Changes in circulation Vascular: Other changes Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Changes in pulmonary vascular resistance	TPKVAL 6,45,1964
inhalation/rat	lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 152 gm/m³/10M	Gastrointestinal: Necrotic changes Liver: Other changes Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in blood vessels or in circulation of kidney	TPKVAL 6,45,1964
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 140 gm/m³/2H	Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) Blood: Hemorrhage	TPKVAL 6,45,1964
oral/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 600 mg/kg	Liver: Other changes Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes	TOXID9 72(Suppl 1),323,2003
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 250 mg/kg	Liver: Other changes Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes	TOXID9 72(Suppl 1),323,2003

Other Multiple Dose Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
inhalation/mouse	lowest published toxic concentration: 5000 ppm/23H/11D- intermittent	Liver: Changes in liver weight	FAATDF 13,516,1989
inhalation/mouse	lowest published toxic concentration: 19000 ppm/6H/13W- intermittent	Liver: Changes in liver weight	NTPTR* NTP-TR-346,1989
inhalation/mouse	lowest published toxic concentration: 15000 ppm/21D- continuous	Endocrine: Effect on menstrual cycle	TXAPA9 130,169,1995
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 14 gm/m³/60D- intermittent	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Liver: Liver function tests impaired Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response	TPKVAL 6,45,1964
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 19000 ppm/6H/13W- intermittent	Liver: Changes in liver weight	NTPTR* NTP-TR-346,1989
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 14 gm/m³/2H/60D- intermittent	Brain and Coverings: Recordings from specific areas of CNS Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response	GTPZAB 10(2),37,1966
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 570 mg/m³/4H/26W- intermittent	Liver: Liver function tests impaired Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain	GTPZAB 10(2),37,1966

Reviews

Organization	Standard	Reference
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)	Threshold Limit Value-time-weighted average 100 ppm (skin)	DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)	Threshold Limit Value-Confirmed animal carcinogen	DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)	Cancer Review:Animal Limited Evidence	IMEMDT 52,315,1991
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)	Cancer Review:Animal Limited Evidence	IMEMDT 71,1345,1999
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)	Cancer Review:Human No Available Data	IMEMDT 52,315,1991
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)	Cancer Review:Human No Adequate Data	IMEMDT 71,1345,1999
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)	Cancer Review:Group 3	IMEMDT 71,1345,1999
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		AIHAAP 40(3),A46,1979
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		JFSCAS 45,223,2000
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 543,201,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		HUTOX* -,577,1996
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		HTOPA* 1,501,2002
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		TIHEEC 24,655,2008
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 802,1,2016
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		RTOPDW 55,43,2009

Standards and Regulations

Organization	Standard	Reference
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD-air	time-weighted average 1000 ppm (2600 mg/m³)	DTLVS* 3,106,1971
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN check ACGIH TLV;
Occupational Exposure Limit IN SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIA	time-weighted average 1000 ppm (2640 mg/m³), JUL2008
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRIA	TRK-TMW 9 ppm (25 mg/m³);KZW 36 ppm (100 mg/m³), skin, 2007
Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUM	time-weighted average 100 ppm (268 mg/m³), Skin, MAR2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARK	time-weighted average 100 ppm (264 mg/m³), skin, carc, MAY2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-EC	time-weighted average 268 mg/m³ (100 ppm), FEB2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-FINLAND	time-weighted average 100 ppm (268 mg/m³), skin, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FRANCE	VME 1000 ppm (2600 mg/m³), C3 Carcinogen, FEB2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-HUNGARY	time-weighted average 25 mg/m³, short term exposure limit 100 mg/m³, SEP2000
Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELAND	time-weighted average 100 ppm (264 mg/m³), skin, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-JAPAN	Occupational Exposure Limit 100 ppm (260 mg/m³), MAY2012
Occupational Exposure Limit-KOREA	time-weighted average 1000 ppm (2600 mg/m³), 2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-MEXICO	time-weighted average 1000 ppm (2600 mg/m³);short term exposure limit 1250 ppm (skin), 2004
Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALAND	time-weighted average 1000 ppm (2640 mg/m³), skin, JAN2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-NORWAY	time-weighted average 500 ppm (1300 mg/m³), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-PERU	time-weighted average 100 ppm (264 mg/m³), JUL2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-POLAND	MAC(time-weighted average) 200 mg/m³, MAC(short term exposure limit) 1600 mg/m³, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-RUSSIA	short term exposure limit 50 mg/m³, JUN2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWEDEN	time-weighted average 500 ppm (1300 mg/m³);short term exposure limit 700 ppm (1900 mg/m³), JUN2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLAND	MAK-week 9 ppm (25 mg/m³), carc 3, skin, JAN2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE NETHERLANDS	MAC-TGG 2600 mg/m³, 2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE PHILIPPINES	time-weighted average 1000 ppm (2600 mg/m³), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-TURKEY	time-weighted average 1000 ppm (2600 mg/m³), JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-UNITED KINGDOM	time-weighted average 50 ppm (134 mg/m³), OCT2007
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction)	8H time-weighted average 1000 ppm (2600 mg/m³)	CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors)	8H time-weighted average 1000 ppm (2600 mg/m³)	CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry)	8H time-weighted average 1000 ppm (2600 mg/m³)	CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards)	8H time-weighted average 1000 ppm (2600 mg/m³)	CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993

NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance

Organization	Standard	Reference
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO MONOCHLOROETHANE-air	Handle with caution	NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983	Hazard Code 31970; Number of Industries 12; Total Number of Facilities 766; Number of Occupations 47; Total Number of Employees Exposed 49210; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 35368
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974	Hazard Code 31970; Number of Industries 80; Total Number of Facilities 6154; Number of Occupations 66; Total Number of Employees Exposed 96531

Status in Federal Agencies

Organization	Reference
ATSDR TOXICOLOGY PROFILE (NTIS** PB/99/121956)
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NCI Carcinogenesis Studies (inhal);clear evidence:mouse
NCI Carcinogenesis Studies (inhal);equivocal evidence:rat
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Ethyl chloride, 2519
NIOSH CURRENT INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN 27, 1978
On EPA IRIS database

Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018

Content source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health