No Usual Source of Health Care Among Adults

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These tables present data on the percentage of adults without a usual source of health care. Data are presented in three age groupings and by gender, race/ethnicity, poverty level, health insurance status, geography, and MSA status. Data are presented for adults aged 18 to 64 years of age for 1997, 2006, and 2007 based on the National Health Interview Survey.

Table A. No usual source of health care among adults 18-64 years of age: United States, average annual selected years 1997-1998 through 2006-2007

(Data are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population)

1997-1998 1999-2000 2001-2002 2003-2004 2006-2007
Percent of adults without a usual source of health care1
18-64 years2 17.7 17.8 16.4 17.3 18.5

See footnotes at end of Table L.

Table B. No usual source of health care among adults 18-64 years of age, by age: United States, average annual selected years 1997-1998 through 2006-2007

(Data are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population)

Age 1997-1998 1999-2000 2001-2002 2003-2004 2006-2007
Percent of adults without a usual source of health care1
18-44 years 21.1 21.6 20.6 21.7 23.5
18-24 years 27.0 27.2 27.2 28.0 28.7
25-44 years 19.3 19.9 18.5 19.5 21.8
45-64 years 11.2 10.9 9.2 10.4 11.2
45-54 years 12.6 12.0 10.3 11.7 13.3
55-64 years 9.0 9.2 7.6 8.7 8.3

See footnotes at end of Table L.

Table C. No usual source of health care among adults 18-64 years of age, by sex: United States, average annual selected years 1997-1998 through 2006-2007

(Data are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population)

Sex 1997-1998 1999-2000 2001-2002 2003-2004 2006-2007
Percent of adults without a usual source of health care1
Male 23.6 24.1 21.6 22.5 23.9
Female 12.0 11.8 11.4 12.4 13.3

See footnotes at end of Table L.

Table D. No usual source of health care among adults 18-64 years of age, by race: United States, average annual selected years 1997-1998 through 2006-2007

(Data are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population)

Race3 1997-1998 1999-2000 2001-2002 2003-2004 2006-2007
Percent of adults without a usual source of health care1
White only 17.0 16.7 15.4 17.0 18.3
Black or African American only 19.4 19.2 16.9 18.4 19.8
American Indian or Alaska Native only 21.3 19.2 16.3 21.5 24.4
Asian only 21.7 22.1 20.1 19.3 17.3
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander only * * * * *
2 or more races * 21.0 20.1 18.4 20.4
2 or more races, American Indian or Alaska Native; White * 25.8 18.1 17.8 19.3

See footnotes at end of Table L.

Table E. No usual source of health care among adults 18-64 years of age, by Hispanic origin and race: United States, average annual selected years 1997-1998 through 2006-2007

(Data are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population)

Hispanic origin and race3 1997-1998 1999-2000 2001-2002 2003-2004 2006-2007
Percent of adults without a usual source of health care1
Hispanic or Latino 30.4 32.6 32.5 32.9 34.3
Hispanic or Latino, Mexican 35.9 36.5 36.5 36.4 39.0
Not Hispanic or Latino 16.2 15.8 14.0 14.9 15.9
Not Hispanic or Latino, White only 15.4 14.9 13.1 14.0 15.2
Not Hispanic or Latino, Black or African American only 19.3 19.2 16.8 18.1 18.9

See footnotes at end of Table L.

Table F. No usual source of health care among adults 18-64 years of age, by percent of poverty level: United States, average annual selected years 1997-1998 through 2006-2007

(Data are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population)

Percent of poverty level4 1997-1998 1999-2000 2001-2002 2003-2004 2006-2007
Percent of adults without a usual source of health care1
Below 100% 29.1 29.6 29.3 28.9 30.6
100%-less than 200% 25.6 27.1 25.6 26.6 28.6
200%-less than 400% 16.6 17.2 16.0 17.3 18.5
400% or more 11.6 11.6 9.6 10.1 10.4

See footnotes at end of Table L.

Table G. No usual source of health care among adults 18-64 years of age, by Hispanic origin and race and poverty level: United States, average annual selected years 1997-1998 through 2006-2007

(Data are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population)

Hispanic origin and race and percent of poverty level3,4 1997-1998 1999-2000 2001-2002 2003-2004 2006-2007
Percent of adults without a usual source of health care1
Hispanic or Latino, Below 100% 42.8 44.4 46.3 42.8 46.7
Hispanic or Latino, 100%-less than 200% 35.4 40.6 40.0 39.7 42.1
Hispanic or Latino, 200%-less than 400% 23.6 26.9 27.9 28.2 29.5
Hispanic or Latino, 400% or more 14.4 16.1 13.7 16.4 15.9
Not Hispanic or Latino, White only, Below 100% 25.0 24.2 23.4 23.0 25.0
Not Hispanic or Latino, White only, 100%-less than 200% 22.4 23.0 20.7 22.0 24.5
Not Hispanic or Latino, White only, 200%-less than 400% 15.4 15.3 13.6 15.4 16.2
Not Hispanic or Latino, White only, 400% or more 11.3 11.2 9.1 9.4 10.0
Not Hispanic or Latino, Black or African American only, Below 100% 23.9 23.7 22.8 24.3 26.5
Not Hispanic or Latino, Black or African American only, 100%-less than 200% 25.3 24.4 20.4 22.8 23.4
Not Hispanic or Latino, Black or African American only, 200%-less than 400% 17.6 18.2 16.2 16.3 18.0
Not Hispanic or Latino, Black or African American only, 400% or more 11.2 12.0 9.6 11.3 9.1

See footnotes at end of Table L.

Table H. No usual source of health care among adults 18-64 years of age, by health insurance status at the time of interview: United States, average annual selected years 1997-1998 through 2006-2007

(Data are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population)

Health Insurance Status at the time of interview5 1997-1998 1999-2000 2001-2002 2003-2004 2006-2007
Percent of adults without a usual source of health care1
Insured 11.4 10.9 9.1 9.4 9.9
Insured, Private 11.5 11.1 9.0 9.5 9.8
Insured, Medicaid 10.3 9.9 11.1 9.9 11.5
Uninsured 46.7 49.2 49.1 50.2 52.8

See footnotes at end of Table L.

Table I. No usual source of health care among adults 18-64 years of age, by health insurance status prior to interview: United States, average annual selected years 1997-1998 through 2006-2007

(Data are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population)

Health insurance status prior to interview5 1997-1998 1999-2000 2001-2002 2003-2004 2006-2007
Percent of adults without a usual source of health care1
Insured continuously all 12 months 10.6 10.3 8.3 8.7 9.0
Uninsured for any period up to 12 months 30.7 31.2 33.3 32.1 33.6
Uninsured more than 12 months 51.4 54.8 54.6 55.0 57.9

See footnotes at end of Table L.

Table J. No usual source of health care among adults 18-64 years of age, by percent of poverty level and health insurance status prior to interview: United States, average annual selected years 1997-1998 through 2006-2007

(Data are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population)

Percent of poverty level and health insurance status prior to interview4,5 1997-1998 1999-2000 2001-2002 2003-2004 2006-2007
Percent of adults without a usual source of health care1
Below 100%, Insured continuously all 12 months 13.1 11.6 11.5 11.2 11.6
Below 100%, Uninsured for any period up to 12 months 33.0 31.9 36.5 36.2 34.5
Below 100%, Uninsured more than 12 months 54.3 57.1 58.8 57.2 62.6
100%-less than 200%, Insured continuously all 12 months 13.0 12.3 11.0 10.5 10.5
100%-less than 200%, Uninsured for any period up to 12 months 31.1 34.6 35.1 34.2 36.6
100%-less than 200%, Uninsured more than 12 months 51.1 54.9 54.5 55.1 58.4
200%-less than 400%, Insured continuously all 12 months 10.6 10.6 8.3 9.4 9.5
200%-less than 400%, Uninsured for any period up to 12 months 30.1 29.0 32.0 30.9 33.4
200%-less than 400%, Uninsured more than 12 months 50.9 53.6 53.4 54.2 55.3
400% or more, Insured continuously all 12 months 9.5 9.3 7.2 7.5 7.8
400% or more, Uninsured for any period up to 12 months 28.6 30.2 30.7 27.5 29.1
400% or more, Uninsured more than 12 months 44.6 51.8 47.0 51.6 51.5

See footnotes at end of Table L.

Table K. No usual source of health care among adults 18-64 years of age, by geographic region: United States, average annual selected years 1997-1998 through 2006-2007

(Data are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population)

Geographic Region 1997-1998 1999-2000 2001-2002 2003-2004 2006-2007
Percent of adults without a usual source of health care1
Northeast 13.3 12.8 11.9 12.1 13.1
Midwest 15.1 17.0 14.1 14.7 16.2
South 20.7 19.7 18.3 19.7 21.4
West 20.2 20.1 19.9 21.0 20.5

See footnotes at end of Table L.

Table L. No usual source of health care among adults 18-64 years of age, by location of residence: United States, average annual selected years 1997-1998 through 2006-2007

(Data are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population)

Location of residence 1997-1998 1999-2000 2001-2002 2003-2004 2006-2007
Percent of adults without a usual source of health care1
Within MSA6 17.9 18.1 16.6 17.6 18.9
Outside MSA6 17.0 16.8 15.4 16.2 16.5

* Estimates are considered unreliable. Data preceded by an asterisk have a relative standard error (RSE) of 20%-30%. Data not shown have an RSE of greater than 30%.

— Data not available.

1 Persons who report the emergency department as the place of their usual source of care are defined as having no usual source of care.

2 Includes all other races not shown separately and unknown health insurance status.

3 The race groups, white, black, American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, and 2 or more races, include persons of Hispanic and non-Hispanic origin. Persons of Hispanic origin may be of any race. Starting with 1999 data, race-specific estimates are tabulated according to the 1997 Revisions to the Standards for the Classification of Federal Data on Race and Ethnicity and are not strictly comparable with estimates for earlier years. The five single-race categories plus multiple-race categories shown in the table conform to the 1997 Standards. Starting with 1999 data, race-specific estimates are for persons who reported only one racial group; the category 2 or more races includes persons who reported more than one racial group. Prior to 1999, data were tabulated according to the 1977 Standards with four racial groups and the Asian only category included Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander. Estimates for single-race categories prior to 1999 included persons who reported one race or, if they reported more than one race, identified one race as best representing their race. Starting with 2003 data, race responses of other race and unspecified multiple race were treated as missing, and then race was imputed if these were the only race responses. Almost all persons with a race response of other race were of Hispanic origin.

4 Percent of poverty level is based on family income and family size and composition using U.S. Census Bureau poverty thresholds. Missing family income data were imputed for 16% of persons 18-64 years of age in 1993-1996, 24%-28% in 1997-1998, and 30%-32% in 1999-2007.

5 Health insurance categories are mutually exclusive. Persons who reported both Medicaid and private coverage are classified as having private coverage. Medicaid includes other public assistance through 1996. Starting with 1997 data, state-sponsored health plan coverage is included as Medicaid coverage. Starting with 1999 data, coverage by the Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP) is included as Medicaid coverage. In addition to private and Medicaid, the insured category also includes military, other government, and Medicare coverage. Persons not covered by private insurance, Medicaid, CHIP, public assistance (through 1996), state-sponsored or other government-sponsored health plans (starting in 1997), Medicare, or military plans are considered to have no health insurance coverage. Persons with only Indian Health Service coverage are considered to have no health insurance coverage. In 1993-1996, health insurance status was unknown for 8%-9% of adults in the sample. In 1997-2007, health insurance status was unknown for 1% of adults.

6 MSA is metropolitan statistical area. Starting with 2005-2006 data, MSA status is determined using 2000 census data and the 2000 standards for defining MSAs.

SOURCE: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, family core and sample adult questionnaires.

These estimates may be revised in the future as further analyses are completed.