Trends in Health Insurance and Access to Carefrom 1997-2008

Tables 6-14 provide quarterly estimates of unmet need for and delay of medical care due to cost for persons under 65 years of age by age group, employment status, and insurance coverage from 1997-June 2008. Annual estimates are presented as well. Note that the standard errors associated with quarterly estimates for the unemployed are relatively large, so caution should be used in making comparisons over time, as apparent differences may be statistically insignificant.

Table 6. Percentages of persons under 65 years of age who did not receive needed medical care due to cost during the past 12 months, by interview quarter, age group, and employment status: United States, 1997–June 2008

Age group Employment status1
Under 65 years 0-17 years 18-64 years Employed Unemployed Not in workforce
Year, quarter Percent (standard error)
20082, First 6 months 6.7 (0.21) 2.5 (0.21) 8.3 (0.26) 6.9 (0.26) 21.3 (1.52) 11.3 (0.53)
20082, Quarter 1 6.8 (0.28) 2.6 (0.32) 8.4 (0.35) 6.9 (0.36) 25.2 (2.35) 11.4 (0.75)
20082, Quarter 2 6.5 (0.27) 2.5 (0.28) 8.1 (0.32) 6.9 (0.34) 18.1 (1.96) 11.2 (0.67)
2007, Annual 6.3 (0.15) 2.3 (0.17) 7.8 (0.18) 6.7 (0.18) 18.2 (1.22) 10.5 (0.40)
2007, Quarter 1 6.1 (0.29) 2.0 (0.31) 7.8 (0.35) 6.9 (0.36) 16.0 (2.18) 10.2 (0.73)
2007, Quarter 2 5.8 (0.24) 2.1 (0.26) 7.2 (0.30) 6.1 (0.30) 17.2 (2.10) 10.2 (0.68)
2007, Quarter 3 6.8 (0.38) 2.7 (0.47) 8.5 (0.45) 7.0 (0.43) 21.4 (2.96) 11.9 (1.03)
2007, Quarter 4 6.4 (0.27) 2.6 (0.32) 7.9 (0.32) 7.0 (0.34) 17.8 (2.35) 10.0 (0.69)
2006, Annual 6.3 (0.16) 2.4 (0.18) 7.8 (0.20) 6.6 (0.19) 18.0 (1.20) 10.6 (0.40)
2006, Quarter 1 6.0 (0.32) 2.4 (0.30) 7.4 (0.38) 6.6 (0.39) 14.6 (2.09) 9.5 (0.72)
2006, Quarter 2 6.0 (0.25) 2.1 (0.27) 7.6 (0.31) 6.4 (0.31) 18.5 (2.13) 10.5 (0.66)
2006, Quarter 3 6.5 (0.47) 2.8 (0.51) 8.0 (0.56) 6.7 (0.52) 16.4 (2.96) 11.8 (1.13)
2006, Quarter 4 6.5 (0.30) 2.5 (0.31) 8.1 (0.35) 6.9 (0.34) 22.4 (2.42) 10.5 (0.71)
2005, Annual 5.6 (0.12) 2.1 (0.13) 7.1 (0.14) 6.1 (0.15) 16.3 (0.92) 9.6 (0.32)
2005, Quarter 1 6.1 (0.28) 2.4 (0.31) 7.6 (0.33) 6.6 (0.35) 15.4 (1.83) 9.7 (0.64)
2005, Quarter 2 5.6 (0.22) 1.9 (0.21) 7.1 (0.28) 6.0 (0.29) 16.9 (1.83) 10.0 (0.59)
2005, Quarter 3 5.7 (0.23) 2.3 (0.24) 7.1 (0.28) 6.1 (0.27) 17.5 (1.88) 9.3 (0.58)
2005, Quarter 4 5.1 (0.21) 1.7 (0.20) 6.5 (0.26) 5.4 (0.27) 15.3 (1.83) 9.3 (0.55)
2004, Annual 5.8 (0.12) 2.3 (0.14) 7.3 (0.15) 6.3 (0.15) 16.3 (0.86) 9.6 (0.31)
2004, Quarter 1 6.0 (0.26) 2.4 (0.30) 7.4 (0.33) 6.3 (0.34) 16.8 (1.88) 9.9 (0.68)
2004, Quarter 2 5.5 (0.26) 2.4 (0.33) 6.8 (0.31) 5.7 (0.31) 17.2 (1.98) 8.6 (0.58)
2004, Quarter 3 5.9 (0.21) 1.9 (0.23) 7.5 (0.26) 6.6 (0.27) 15.1 (1.49) 10.0 (0.53)
2004, Quarter 4 6.0 (0.27) 2.4 (0.27) 7.4 (0.32) 6.4 (0.32) 16.1 (1.66) 9.8 (0.63)
2003, Annual 5.6 (0.12) 2.2 (0.13) 7.0 (0.15) 5.8 (0.15) 17.7 (0.94) 9.5 (0.31)
2003, Quarter 1 5.5 (0.24) 2.2 (0.25) 6.9 (0.30) 5.7 (0.31) 15.9 (1.87) 9.2 (0.61)
2003, Quarter 2 5.4 (0.25) 1.9 (0.27) 6.8 (0.30) 5.6 (0.32) 17.4 (1.95) 9.2 (0.66)
2003, Quarter 3 5.8 (0.23) 2.0 (0.22) 7.3 (0.28) 6.1 (0.28) 18.5 (1.63) 9.7 (0.59)
2003, Quarter 4 5.8 (0.26) 2.7 (0.33) 7.1 (0.31) 5.7 (0.30) 18.9 (1.83) 9.9 (0.63)
2002, Annual 5.0 (0.11) 2.2 (0.13) 6.2 (0.14) 5.1 (0.14) 15.2 (0.82) 8.9 (0.31)
2002, Quarter 1 4.9 (0.23) 1.9 (0.24) 6.1 (0.30) 5.1 (0.29) 12.8 (1.50) 9.0 (0.65)
2002, Quarter 2 4.8 (0.22) 2.1 (0.25) 6.0 (0.27) 4.9 (0.28) 14.0 (1.53) 8.6 (0.56)
2002, Quarter 3 5.1 (0.23) 2.0 (0.24) 6.4 (0.28) 5.1 (0.27) 16.8 (1.69) 9.4 (0.71)
2002, Quarter 4 5.3 (0.24) 2.7 (0.34) 6.4 (0.28) 5.4 (0.29) 17.3 (1.75) 8.3 (0.57)
2001, Annual 5.0 (0.12) 2.4 (0.14) 6.1 (0.13) 5.1 (0.13) 16.3 (0.93) 8.5 (0.31)
2001, Quarter 1 5.1 (0.26) 2.6 (0.33) 6.1 (0.29) 5.1 (0.27) 18.1 (2.30) 9.0 (0.75)
2001, Quarter 2 4.8 (0.22) 2.2 (0.27) 5.9 (0.25) 4.9 (0.25) 16.1 (1.74) 8.5 (0.56)
2001, Quarter 3 5.0 (0.23) 2.4 (0.25) 6.0 (0.27) 5.0 (0.26) 16.5 (1.86) 8.4 (0.62)
2001, Quarter 4 5.2 (0.23) 2.4 (0.28) 6.4 (0.26) 5.5 (0.27) 14.9 (1.73) 8.4 (0.59)
2000, Annual 4.7 (0.12) 2.5 (0.14) 5.7 (0.14) 4.8 (0.13) 13.2 (1.06) 8.3 (0.30)
2000, Quarter 1 5.0 (0.27) 2.8 (0.34) 5.9 (0.30) 4.9 (0.30) 13.3 (2.05) 9.0 (0.65)
2000, Quarter 2 4.5 (0.20) 2.3 (0.25) 5.5 (0.25) 4.6 (0.24) 12.4 (2.11) 8.1 (0.55)
2000, Quarter 3 4.7 (0.22) 2.6 (0.28) 5.6 (0.25) 4.7 (0.24) 12.7 (1.98) 8.2 (0.55)
2000, Quarter 4 4.7 (0.22) 2.3 (0.30) 5.7 (0.26) 4.9 (0.27) 14.3 (2.24) 8.0 (0.55)
1999, Annual 4.5 (0.12) 2.3 (0.15) 5.5 (0.13) 4.6 (0.13) 13.7 (1.07) 8.3 (0.31)
1999, Quarter 1 4.9 (0.26) 2.7 (0.33) 5.8 (0.31) 4.8 (0.30) 12.7 (2.18) 8.6 (0.67)
1999, Quarter 2 4.7 (0.21) 2.4 (0.27) 5.7 (0.24) 4.7 (0.23) 13.8 (2.08) 8.7 (0.55)
1999, Quarter 3 4.4 (0.22) 2.2 (0.33) 5.3 (0.24) 4.3 (0.23) 16.0 (2.24) 8.2 (0.61)
1999, Quarter 4 4.2 (0.22) 2.0 (0.23) 5.2 (0.26) 4.4 (0.28) 12.4 (2.09) 7.5 (0.57)
1998, Annual 4.5 (0.11) 2.1 (0.13) 5.5 (0.13) 4.5 (0.13) 12.8 (1.05) 8.4 (0.28)
1998, Quarter 1 4.4 (0.22) 2.1 (0.26) 5.5 (0.26) 4.4 (0.26) 13.8 (2.15) 8.5 (0.60)
1998, Quarter 2 4.6 (0.21) 2.2 (0.26) 5.7 (0.25) 4.6 (0.25) 12.0 (1.91) 8.8 (0.51)
1998, Quarter 3 4.5 (0.20) 1.9 (0.22) 5.7 (0.24) 4.8 (0.25) 13.3 (2.20) 8.2 (0.55)
1998, Quarter 4 4.4 (0.22) 2.3 (0.28) 5.3 (0.25) 4.4 (0.26) 11.6 (2.01) 8.1 (0.53)
1997, Annual 4.8 (0.10) 2.2 (0.11) 6.0 (0.13) 5.0 (0.13) 14.3 (0.97) 8.6 (0.29)
1997, Quarter 1 5.0 (0.20) 2.3 (0.25) 6.1 (0.24) 5.3 (0.25) 14.1 (1.92) 8.3 (0.55)
1997, Quarter 2 5.0 (0.21) 1.8 (0.21) 6.4 (0.26) 5.2 (0.26) 15.7 (1.94) 9.7 (0.55)
1997, Quarter 3 4.6 (0.20) 2.5 (0.25) 5.5 (0.23) 4.7 (0.23) 10.8 (1.68) 8.0 (0.54)
1997, Quarter 4 4.7 (0.21) 2.2 (0.22) 5.8 (0.26) 4.7 (0.25) 16.9 (2.03) 8.3 (0.59)

1 Employment status is assessed at the time of interview and is obtained for persons aged 18 years and over. In these tables it is presented only for persons aged 18–64 years. In 2001, the question used for coding employment status increased from four possible responses to five possible responses.

2 The 2008 health insurance estimates are being released prior to final data editing and final weighting, to provide access to the most recent information from NHIS. The resulting estimates for persons without health insurance are generally 0.1-0.3 percentage points lower than those based on the editing procedures used for the final data files. Occasionally, due to decisions made for the final data editing and weighting, estimates based on preliminary editing procedures may differ by more than 0.3 percentage points from estimates based on final files.

Data source: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 1997–2008. Estimates for 2008 are based on data collected from January – June 2008. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.

Table 7. Percentages of persons under 65 years of age who did not receive needed medical care due to cost during the past 12 months, by interview quarter and insurance status: United States, 1997–June 2008

Insurance status
Uninsured1 Insured Private2 Public3
Year, quarter Percent (standard error)
20084, First 6 months 22.3 (0.80) 3.7 (0.16) 3.0 (0.15) 5.9 (0.38)
20084, Quarter 1 22.5 (1.15) 3.8 (0.23) 3.2 (0.23) 5.6 (0.55)
20084, Quarter 2 22.1 (0.96) 3.6 (0.20) 2.9 (0.20) 6.2 (0.51)
2007, Annual 21.7 (0.61) 3.3 (0.11) 2.8 (0.11) 5.5 (0.29)
2007, Quarter 1 22.4 (1.16) 3.0 (0.21) 2.6 (0.22) 4.9 (0.52)
2007, Quarter 2 19.3 (0.97) 3.1 (0.18) 2.7 (0.19) 5.3 (0.48)
2007, Quarter 3 22.8 (1.48) 3.5 (0.30) 2.9 (0.29) 5.9 (0.72)
2007, Quarter 4 22.1 (1.04) 3.5 (0.20) 3.0 (0.21) 6.0 (0.55)
2006, Annual 20.8 (0.60) 3.3 (0.12) 2.8 (0.12) 5.8 (0.31)
2006, Quarter 1 19.5 (1.04) 3.3 (0.27) 3.0 (0.29) 5.1 (0.54)
2006, Quarter 2 20.5 (1.00) 3.2 (0.20) 2.7 (0.20) 5.0 (0.49)
2006, Quarter 3 20.9 (1.42) 3.4 (0.35) 2.6 (0.33) 6.6 (0.85)
2006, Quarter 4 22.5 (1.13) 3.4 (0.22) 2.8 (0.22) 6.2 (0.54)
2005, Annual 19.9 (0.47) 2.9 (0.09) 2.4 (0.09) 5.4 (0.25)
2005, Quarter 1 21.1 (1.05) 3.1 (0.20) 2.8 (0.19) 4.9 (0.52)
2005, Quarter 2 20.0 (0.92) 2.8 (0.16) 2.3 (0.15) 5.7 (0.51)
2005, Quarter 3 21.3 (0.93) 2.9 (0.15) 2.4 (0.16) 5.0 (0.41)
2005, Quarter 4 17.5 (0.83) 2.7 (0.16) 2.1 (0.15) 6.0 (0.48)
2004, Annual 20.5 (0.46) 3.0 (0.09) 2.5 (0.09) 5.7 (0.28)
2004, Quarter 1 21.0 (0.95) 3.0 (0.20) 2.5 (0.20) 6.2 (0.63)
2004, Quarter 2 19.6 (1.06) 2.9 (0.20) 2.5 (0.20) 5.4 (0.61)
2004, Quarter 3 20.0 (0.89) 3.2 (0.16) 2.6 (0.17) 5.7 (0.48)
2004, Quarter 4 21.4 (1.04) 3.0 (0.18) 2.4 (0.18) 5.5 (0.54)
2003, Annual 19.1 (0.52) 3.0 (0.09) 2.5 (0.09) 5.8 (0.27)
2003, Quarter 1 18.7 (0.96) 3.1 (0.19) 2.7 (0.20) 5.4 (0.50)
2003, Quarter 2 18.9 (1.10) 2.8 (0.18) 2.3 (0.19) 5.4 (0.52)
2003, Quarter 3 19.8 (0.91) 2.9 (0.16) 2.4 (0.16) 5.9 (0.54)
2003, Quarter 4 18.9 (1.07) 3.2 (0.19) 2.5 (0.19) 6.4 (0.60)
2002, Annual 16.9 (0.44) 2.7 (0.09) 2.2 (0.09) 5.8 (0.29)
2002, Quarter 1 17.5 (0.90) 2.5 (0.16) 1.9 (0.15) 5.4 (0.55)
2002, Quarter 2 16.4 (0.84) 2.6 (0.17) 2.1 (0.17) 5.7 (0.56)
2002, Quarter 3 16.8 (0.85) 2.7 (0.18) 2.2 (0.18) 5.4 (0.52)
2002, Quarter 4 16.9 (0.92) 3.0 (0.19) 2.4 (0.20) 6.9 (0.67)
2001, Annual 17.1 (0.46) 2.8 (0.09) 2.2 (0.08) 6.2 (0.30)
2001, Quarter 1 17.2 (1.02) 2.8 (0.20) 2.2 (0.18) 6.7 (0.71)
2001, Quarter 2 17.0 (0.88) 2.6 (0.16) 2.0 (0.15) 5.9 (0.61)
2001, Quarter 3 16.3 (0.90) 2.8 (0.17) 2.3 (0.16) 6.1 (0.61)
2001, Quarter 4 18.1 (0.92) 2.8 (0.18) 2.3 (0.18) 6.1 (0.59)
2000, Annual 16.2 (0.49) 2.5 (0.08) 2.0 (0.08) 5.9 (0.31)
2000, Quarter 1 17.8 (1.12) 2.4 (0.17) 2.0 (0.16) 5.6 (0.66)
2000, Quarter 2 15.2 (0.83) 2.4 (0.15) 1.8 (0.14) 6.2 (0.58)
2000, Quarter 3 16.2 (0.93) 2.5 (0.16) 2.0 (0.16) 5.4 (0.55)
2000, Quarter 4 15.6 (0.87) 2.6 (0.18) 2.1 (0.18) 6.5 (0.70)
1999, Annual 16.5 (0.48) 2.3 (0.08) 1.9 (0.08) 5.6 (0.32)
1999, Quarter 1 16.5 (1.01) 2.7 (0.20) 2.3 (0.20) 5.5 (0.68)
1999, Quarter 2 18.2 (0.92) 2.1 (0.14) 1.7 (0.13) 5.3 (0.61)
1999, Quarter 3 15.5 (0.90) 2.3 (0.15) 1.8 (0.14) 5.6 (0.61)
1999, Quarter 4 15.7 (0.92) 2.1 (0.15) 1.6 (0.13) 5.8 (0.62)
1998, Annual 16.0 (0.44) 2.3 (0.08) 1.9 (0.08) 5.1 (0.30)
1998, Quarter 1 16.3 (0.93) 2.2 (0.16) 1.8 (0.15) 4.7 (0.57)
1998, Quarter 2 16.1 (0.86) 2.4 (0.16) 1.9 (0.15) 5.1 (0.60)
1998, Quarter 3 16.3 (0.81) 2.3 (0.14) 1.9 (0.15) 5.1 (0.53)
1998, Quarter 4 15.3 (0.90) 2.2 (0.15) 1.7 (0.15) 5.5 (0.55)
1997, Annual 16.1 (0.41) 2.5 (0.08) 2.0 (0.07) 5.2 (0.26)
1997, Quarter 1 15.7 (0.71) 2.6 (0.16) 2.1 (0.14) 5.9 (0.60)
1997, Quarter 2 17.4 (0.80) 2.5 (0.15) 2.0 (0.14) 5.2 (0.53)
1997, Quarter 3 15.3 (0.78) 2.4 (0.16) 2.1 (0.17) 4.7 (0.46)
1997, Quarter 4 16.2 (0.88) 2.4 (0.15) 1.9 (0.15) 5.0 (0.56)

1 A person was defined as uninsured if he or she did not have any private health insurance, Medicare, Medicaid, Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP), state-sponsored or other government-sponsored health plan, or military plan. A person was also defined as uninsured if he or she had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care.

2 The category “private coverage” excludes plans that paid for only one type of service such as accidents or dental care. “Private coverage” also includes persons covered thru TRICARE. A small number of persons were covered by both public and private plans and, thus, were included in both categories.

3 The category “public coverage” includes Medicaid, Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP), state-sponsored or other government-sponsored health plan, Medicare (disability), Veterans Administration (VA) and CHAMP-VA. A small number of persons were covered by both public and private plans and were included in both categories. For 2008, this category also includes persons covered by TRICARE.

4 The 2008 health insurance estimates are being released prior to final data editing and final weighting, to provide access to the most recent information from NHIS. The resulting estimates for persons without health insurance are generally 0.1-0.3 percentage points lower than those based on the editing procedures used for the final data files. Occasionally, due to decisions made for the final data editing and weighting, estimates based on preliminary editing procedures may differ by more than 0.3 percentage points from estimates based on final files.

Data source: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 1997–2008. Estimates for 2008 are based on data collected from January – June 2008. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.

Table 8. Percentages of persons 18-64 years of age who did not receive needed medical care due to cost during the past 12 months, by interview quarter and insurance status: United States, 2004–June 2008

Insurance status
Uninsured1 Insured Private2 Public3
Year, quarter Percent (standard error)
20084, First 6 months 23.3 (0.82) 4.8 (0.20) 3.8 (0.19) 10.2 (0.69)
20084, Quarter 1 23.4 (1.19) 5.0 (0.30) 3.9 (0.28) 10.4 (1.07)
20084, Quarter 2 23.2 (0.98) 4.6 (0.25) 3.6 (0.25) 10.0 (0.82)
2007, Annual 23.3 (0.62) 4.2 (0.14) 3.4 (0.13) 9.7 (0.53)
2007, Quarter 1 24.6 (1.19) 3.9 (0.26) 3.2 (0.25) 8.1 (0.86)
2007, Quarter 2 20.6 (0.99) 4.1 (0.24) 3.3 (0.23) 9.2 (0.89)
2007, Quarter 3 24.3 (1.55) 4.4 (0.38) 3.5 (0.35) 10.9 (1.36)
2007, Quarter 4 23.5 (1.06) 4.4 (0.23) 3.6 (0.24) 10.5 (0.93)
2006, Annual 22.4 (0.64) 4.2 (0.14) 3.3 (0.14) 10.2 (0.53)
2006, Quarter 1 21.3 (1.13) 4.1 (0.31) 3.5 (0.32) 9.1 (1.00)
2006, Quarter 2 22.2 (1.04) 4.1 (0.25) 3.4 (0.25) 9.3 (0.85)
2006, Quarter 3 22.6 (1.52) 4.2 (0.40) 3.0 (0.35) 11.3 (1.45)
2006, Quarter 4 23.6 (1.14) 4.4 (0.27) 3.4 (0.25) 10.9 (0.93)
2005, Annual 21.5 (0.47) 3.7 (0.11) 3.0 (0.11) 9.6 (0.43)
2005, Quarter 1 22.2 (1.03) 4.0 (0.24) 3.5 (0.24) 8.3 (0.85)
2005, Quarter 2 21.9 (0.98) 3.7 (0.21) 2.9 (0.20) 10.3 (0.89)
2005, Quarter 3 22.7 (0.96) 3.6 (0.19) 2.9 (0.19) 9.1 (0.72)
2005, Quarter 4 19.2 (0.87) 3.5 (0.21) 2.6 (0.19) 10.8 (0.85)
2004, Annual 22.3 (0.49) 3.8 (0.12) 3.1 (0.11) 9.8 (0.45)
2004, Quarter 1 22.7 (1.04) 3.8 (0.24) 3.0 (0.23) 10.9 (1.05)
2004, Quarter 2 21.1 (1.10) 3.6 (0.24) 3.0 (0.24) 8.8 (0.87)
2004, Quarter 3 22.2 (0.89) 4.1 (0.20) 3.4 (0.20) 10.3 (0.84)
2004, Quarter 4 23.2 (1.10) 3.6 (0.21) 2.9 (0.20) 9.3 (0.83)

1 A person was defined as uninsured if he or she did not have any private health insurance, Medicare, Medicaid, Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP), state-sponsored or other government-sponsored health plan, or military plan. A person was also defined as uninsured if he or she had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care.

2 The category “private coverage” excludes plans that paid for only one type of service such as accidents or dental care. “Private coverage” also includes persons covered thru TRICARE. A small number of persons were covered by both public and private plans and, thus, were included in both categories.

3 The category “public coverage” includes Medicaid, Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP), state-sponsored or other government-sponsored health plan, Medicare (disability), Veterans Administration (VA) and CHAMP-VA. A small number of persons were covered by both public and private plans and were included in both categories. For 2008, this category also includes persons covered by TRICARE.

4 The 2008 health insurance estimates are being released prior to final data editing and final weighting, to provide access to the most recent information from NHIS. The resulting estimates for persons without health insurance are generally 0.1-0.3 percentage points lower than those based on the editing procedures used for the final data files. Occasionally, due to decisions made for the final data editing and weighting, estimates based on preliminary editing procedures may differ by more than 0.3 percentage points from estimates based on final files.

Data source: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2004–2008. Estimates for 2008 are based on data collected from January – June 2008. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.

Table 9. Percentages of persons under 65 years of age who delayed needed medical care due to cost during the past 12 months, by interview quarter, age group, and employment status: United States, 1997–June 2008

Age group Employment status1
Under 65 years 0-17 years 18-64 years Employed Unemployed Not in workforce
Year, quarter Percent (standard error)
20082, First 6 months 9.3 (0.25) 4.1 (0.27) 11.3 (0.30) 10.1 (0.29) 24.0 (1.65) 13.9 (0.59)
20082, Quarter 1 9.2 (0.34) 4.2 (0.41) 11.2 (0.40) 10.0 (0.42) 25.2 (2.36) 13.8 (0.83)
20082, Quarter 2 9.3 (0.33) 4.1 (0.37) 11.4 (0.39) 10.2 (0.40) 23.1 (2.12) 14.0 (0.78)
2007, Annual 8.3 (0.18) 3.3 (0.21) 10.3 (0.21) 9.4 (0.22) 19.9 (1.25) 12.6 (0.43)
2007, Quarter 1 8.3 (0.34) 3.3 (0.41) 10.2 (0.39) 9.2 (0.40) 19.4 (2.20) 13.0 (0.87)
2007, Quarter 2 7.9 (0.28) 3.2 (0.32) 9.7 (0.34) 8.8 (0.36) 19.1 (2.19) 12.1 (0.71)
2007, Quarter 3 9.1 (0.44) 3.5 (0.51) 11.3 (0.52) 10.3 (0.55) 23.5 (3.13) 13.4 (1.05)
2007, Quarter 4 8.1 (0.31) 3.3 (0.36) 10.0 (0.36) 9.3 (0.40) 17.3 (2.00) 11.9 (0.77)
2006, Annual 8.4 (0.19) 4.0 (0.24) 10.2 (0.22) 9.2 (0.23) 20.6 (1.40) 12.6 (0.43)
2006, Quarter 1 8.0 (0.37) 4.2 (0.42) 9.6 (0.44) 8.8 (0.46) 15.2 (2.08) 11.8 (0.79)
2006, Quarter 2 7.9 (0.30) 3.6 (0.37) 9.6 (0.36) 8.6 (0.36) 20.3 (2.25) 12.3 (0.72)
2006, Quarter 3 9.1 (0.55) 4.3 (0.64) 11.0 (0.62) 10.0 (0.64) 22.3 (3.89) 13.5 (1.18)
2006, Quarter 4 8.6 (0.34) 4.0 (0.41) 10.4 (0.38) 9.2 (0.37) 24.5 (2.37) 12.6 (0.80)
2005, Annual 8.0 (0.15) 3.7 (0.18) 9.7 (0.17) 8.7 (0.18) 19.0 (0.99) 11.8 (0.35)
2005, Quarter 1 8.6 (0.33) 4.4 (0.42) 10.3 (0.38) 9.3 (0.41) 19.1 (2.16) 12.6 (0.71)
2005, Quarter 2 8.1 (0.29) 3.7 (0.35) 9.9 (0.33) 8.9 (0.36) 20.2 (1.90) 12.3 (0.66)
2005, Quarter 3 8.0 (0.27) 4.0 (0.36) 9.6 (0.31) 8.7 (0.32) 20.4 (1.80) 11.6 (0.65)
2005, Quarter 4 7.1 (0.24) 2.8 (0.27) 8.8 (0.29) 8.1 (0.32) 16.0 (1.77) 10.9 (0.61)
2004, Annual 8.3 (0.15) 3.8 (0.18) 10.1 (0.18) 9.1 (0.19) 20.1 (0.98) 12.1 (0.37)
2004, Quarter 1 8.4 (0.35) 3.9 (0.39) 10.2 (0.42) 9.0 (0.42) 19.6 (2.00) 12.7 (0.81)
2004, Quarter 2 7.9 (0.31) 3.7 (0.39) 9.6 (0.36) 8.7 (0.36) 20.6 (2.18) 10.9 (0.72)
2004, Quarter 3 8.3 (0.26) 3.7 (0.35) 10.2 (0.30) 9.2 (0.33) 20.0 (1.66) 12.6 (0.58)
2004, Quarter 4 8.4 (0.31) 3.9 (0.34) 10.2 (0.36) 9.3 (0.37) 20.4 (1.94) 12.2 (0.67)
2003, Annual 7.6 (0.15) 3.6 (0.18) 9.2 (0.17) 8.2 (0.18) 19.7 (0.96) 11.0 (0.35)
2003, Quarter 1 7.3 (0.28) 3.5 (0.33) 8.9 (0.33) 7.9 (0.34) 18.1 (1.81) 10.5 (0.68)
2003, Quarter 2 7.4 (0.32) 3.1 (0.34) 9.1 (0.38) 8.2 (0.42) 18.4 (1.96) 10.8 (0.75)
2003, Quarter 3 7.8 (0.27) 3.7 (0.34) 9.5 (0.32) 8.4 (0.33) 20.8 (1.69) 11.4 (0.63)
2003, Quarter 4 7.9 (0.31) 4.3 (0.39) 9.3 (0.36) 8.1 (0.36) 21.4 (1.92) 11.4 (0.70)
2002, Annual 7.0 (0.14) 3.4 (0.16) 8.5 (0.16) 7.5 (0.17) 18.5 (0.89) 10.7 (0.34)
2002, Quarter 1 6.8 (0.26) 3.1 (0.29) 8.4 (0.33) 7.4 (0.35) 17.0 (1.87) 10.8 (0.68)
2002, Quarter 2 6.9 (0.27) 3.4 (0.30) 8.4 (0.34) 7.4 (0.35) 15.8 (1.57) 10.8 (0.66)
2002, Quarter 3 7.1 (0.27) 3.4 (0.32) 8.6 (0.32) 7.4 (0.33) 18.0 (1.64) 11.5 (0.74)
2002, Quarter 4 7.1 (0.29) 3.7 (0.37) 8.6 (0.33) 7.6 (0.35) 23.3 (2.01) 9.7 (0.60)
2001, Annual 7.1 (0.14) 4.1 (0.20) 8.4 (0.16) 7.4 (0.17) 19.6 (1.01) 10.4 (0.34)
2001, Quarter 1 7.1 (0.31) 4.2 (0.41) 8.4 (0.34) 7.6 (0.34) 19.4 (2.35) 10.7 (0.77)
2001, Quarter 2 6.9 (0.26) 3.9 (0.36) 8.2 (0.29) 7.1 (0.30) 20.7 (1.96) 11.1 (0.66)
2001, Quarter 3 7.0 (0.27) 4.1 (0.36) 8.2 (0.29) 7.3 (0.30) 19.8 (2.01) 10.0 (0.66)
2001, Quarter 4 7.2 (0.27) 4.1 (0.35) 8.6 (0.30) 7.8 (0.31) 18.7 (1.90) 10.0 (0.64)
2000, Annual 6.8 (0.14) 3.9 (0.17) 8.0 (0.17) 7.2 (0.16) 15.7 (1.18) 10.7 (0.36)
2000, Quarter 1 7.2 (0.32) 4.5 (0.43) 8.4 (0.34) 7.5 (0.35) 14.8 (2.48) 11.2 (0.70)
2000, Quarter 2 6.5 (0.26) 3.6 (0.31) 7.8 (0.30) 7.0 (0.32) 13.3 (2.14) 10.6 (0.65)
2000, Quarter 3 6.7 (0.25) 3.9 (0.33) 7.9 (0.29) 7.0 (0.30) 16.1 (2.26) 10.4 (0.61)
2000, Quarter 4 6.7 (0.29) 3.5 (0.34) 8.0 (0.33) 7.2 (0.34) 18.5 (2.45) 10.4 (0.66)
1999, Annual 6.7 (0.15) 3.6 (0.18) 8.1 (0.17) 7.2 (0.17) 16.2 (1.15) 10.8 (0.35)
1999, Quarter 1 7.3 (0.33) 4.1 (0.42) 8.7 (0.38) 7.8 (0.38) 17.6 (2.53) 10.9 (0.78)
1999, Quarter 2 6.9 (0.26) 3.8 (0.32) 8.2 (0.31) 7.2 (0.32) 16.8 (2.39) 11.1 (0.63)
1999, Quarter 3 6.5 (0.26) 3.3 (0.36) 7.9 (0.29) 6.9 (0.30) 17.2 (2.27) 10.9 (0.66)
1999, Quarter 4 6.2 (0.28) 3.1 (0.32) 7.5 (0.32) 6.7 (0.34) 12.8 (2.09) 10.1 (0.65)
1998, Annual 7.0 (0.15) 3.8 (0.18) 8.3 (0.17) 7.5 (0.18) 15.8 (1.11) 10.8 (0.33)
1998, Quarter 1 6.6 (0.28) 3.3 (0.36) 8.0 (0.33) 7.3 (0.34) 13.2 (1.99) 10.1 (0.68)
1998, Quarter 2 7.2 (0.28) 4.0 (0.35) 8.7 (0.32) 7.7 (0.33) 16.0 (2.16) 11.5 (0.63)
1998, Quarter 3 7.2 (0.27) 3.7 (0.32) 8.7 (0.32) 7.8 (0.33) 17.9 (2.34) 11.1 (0.64)
1998, Quarter 4 6.8 (0.28) 4.1 (0.34) 8.0 (0.32) 7.2 (0.33) 16.3 (2.42) 10.3 (0.62)
1997, Annual 7.7 (0.14) 3.7 (0.17) 9.5 (0.17) 8.6 (0.18) 19.9 (1.13) 11.5 (0.32)
1997, Quarter 1 8.3 (0.29) 3.6 (0.31) 10.4 (0.34) 9.6 (0.36) 21.2 (2.19) 12.3 (0.69)
1997, Quarter 2 8.4 (0.27) 3.4 (0.30) 10.6 (0.32) 9.6 (0.34) 22.2 (2.23) 12.6 (0.64)
1997, Quarter 3 7.2 (0.27) 4.1 (0.39) 8.5 (0.30) 7.6 (0.31) 17.0 (2.13) 10.9 (0.62)
1997, Quarter 4 7.0 (0.25) 3.7 (0.32) 8.4 (0.29) 7.6 (0.31) 18.2 (2.03) 10.3 (0.60)

1 Employment status is assessed at the time of interview and is obtained for persons aged 18 years and over. In these tables it is presented only for persons aged 18–64 years. In 2001, the question used for coding employment status increased from four possible responses to five possible responses.

2 The 2008 health insurance estimates are being released prior to final data editing and final weighting, to provide access to the most recent information from NHIS. The resulting estimates for persons without health insurance are generally 0.1-0.3 percentage points lower than those based on the editing procedures used for the final data files. Occasionally, due to decisions made for the final data editing and weighting, estimates based on preliminary editing procedures may differ by more than 0.3 percentage points from estimates based on final files.

Data source: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 1997–2008. Estimates for 2008 are based on data collected from January – June 2008. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.

Table 10. Percentages of persons under 65 years of age who delayed needed medical care due to cost during the past 12 months, by interview quarter and insurance status: United States, 1997–June 2008

Insurance status
Uninsured1 Insured Private2 Public3
Year, quarter Percent (standard error)
20084, First 6 months 27.3 (0.88) 5.8 (0.20) 5.5 (0.22) 6.9 (0.43)
20084, Quarter 1 26.9 (1.31) 5.9 (0.28) 5.6 (0.31) 6.6 (0.62)
20084, Quarter 2 27.8 (1.11) 5.8 (0.26) 5.4 (0.29) 7.2 (0.57)
2007, Annual 25.9 (0.68) 4.9 (0.14) 4.6 (0.14) 6.7 (0.36)
2007, Quarter 1 26.6 (1.28) 4.8 (0.26) 4.4 (0.28) 6.2 (0.57)
2007, Quarter 2 23.7 (1.06) 4.8 (0.23) 4.5 (0.25) 6.1 (0.56)
2007, Quarter 3 27.0 (1.65) 5.3 (0.37) 4.9 (0.39) 7.5 (0.90)
2007, Quarter 4 26.0 (1.11) 4.8 (0.24) 4.4 (0.26) 7.1 (0.60)
2006, Annual 24.2 (0.66) 5.3 (0.16) 4.8 (0.16) 7.5 (0.35)
2006, Quarter 1 22.3 (1.12) 5.2 (0.32) 4.9 (0.37) 7.0 (0.62)
2006, Quarter 2 23.3 (1.05) 4.9 (0.25) 4.4 (0.25) 7.0 (0.65)
2006, Quarter 3 25.3 (1.66) 5.6 (0.45) 5.1 (0.45) 7.8 (0.88)
2006, Quarter 4 25.9 (1.18) 5.2 (0.27) 4.7 (0.29) 8.0 (0.64)
2005, Annual 24.4 (0.51) 4.8 (0.12) 4.4 (0.13) 7.0 (0.30)
2005, Quarter 1 25.7 (1.15) 5.2 (0.27) 4.9 (0.30) 6.8 (0.63)
2005, Quarter 2 25.0 (1.01) 4.9 (0.24) 4.5 (0.26) 7.1 (0.58)
2005, Quarter 3 25.1 (1.02) 4.9 (0.21) 4.5 (0.23) 6.7 (0.54)
2005, Quarter 4 21.8 (0.93) 4.3 (0.20) 3.6 (0.20) 7.3 (0.56)
2004, Annual 25.1 (0.53) 5.0 (0.13) 4.7 (0.13) 7.0 (0.36)
2004, Quarter 1 24.4 (1.04) 5.2 (0.30) 4.7 (0.27) 8.0 (0.99)
2004, Quarter 2 25.5 (1.17) 4.7 (0.25) 4.5 (0.26) 6.0 (0.68)
2004, Quarter 3 24.0 (0.96) 5.3 (0.23) 4.9 (0.24) 7.2 (0.53)
2004, Quarter 4 26.4 (1.11) 4.9 (0.23) 4.6 (0.24) 6.7 (0.54)
2003, Annual 23.0 (0.57) 4.6 (0.12) 4.2 (0.13) 6.6 (0.30)
2003, Quarter 1 22.8 (1.09) 4.4 (0.22) 4.2 (0.23) 6.2 (0.57)
2003, Quarter 2 23.2 (1.15) 4.3 (0.25) 4.1 (0.27) 5.8 (0.56)
2003, Quarter 3 23.3 (0.97) 4.7 (0.22) 4.3 (0.24) 7.2 (0.60)
2003, Quarter 4 22.9 (1.15) 4.9 (0.26) 4.4 (0.28) 7.1 (0.67)
2002, Annual 21.1 (0.49) 4.3 (0.11) 3.9 (0.12) 6.7 (0.31)
2002, Quarter 1 21.2 (1.01) 4.1 (0.20) 3.8 (0.22) 6.5 (0.56)
2002, Quarter 2 20.7 (0.98) 4.3 (0.22) 3.8 (0.22) 6.9 (0.65)
2002, Quarter 3 21.6 (0.94) 4.2 (0.23) 3.9 (0.25) 6.0 (0.57)
2002, Quarter 4 20.7 (1.01) 4.5 (0.24) 4.0 (0.24) 7.5 (0.69)
2001, Annual 20.9 (0.54) 4.5 (0.12) 4.0 (0.12) 7.8 (0.36)
2001, Quarter 1 20.1 (1.12) 4.7 (0.27) 4.2 (0.27) 8.1 (0.76)
2001, Quarter 2 20.9 (0.98) 4.4 (0.21) 3.8 (0.20) 7.9 (0.71)
2001, Quarter 3 20.0 (1.00) 4.5 (0.22) 4.0 (0.23) 7.6 (0.65)
2001, Quarter 4 22.6 (1.02) 4.4 (0.23) 3.9 (0.23) 7.5 (0.71)
2000, Annual 20.1 (0.55) 4.1 (0.11) 3.7 (0.11) 7.6 (0.40)
2000, Quarter 1 21.1 (1.18) 4.4 (0.24) 4.0 (0.23) 7.4 (0.90)
2000, Quarter 2 19.5 (0.98) 3.9 (0.21) 3.4 (0.21) 7.1 (0.63)
2000, Quarter 3 20.2 (1.01) 4.1 (0.21) 3.6 (0.21) 7.1 (0.70)
2000, Quarter 4 19.6 (1.00) 4.2 (0.26) 3.7 (0.26) 8.6 (0.94)
1999, Annual 20.5 (0.55) 4.1 (0.11) 3.7 (0.11) 7.5 (0.36)
1999, Quarter 1 21.8 (1.32) 4.6 (0.26) 4.3 (0.26) 7.2 (0.73)
1999, Quarter 2 21.3 (1.02) 4.1 (0.21) 3.6 (0.21) 7.2 (0.71)
1999, Quarter 3 19.6 (0.97) 4.0 (0.21) 3.5 (0.20) 7.9 (0.67)
1999, Quarter 4 19.3 (1.08) 3.8 (0.21) 3.2 (0.19) 7.7 (0.77)
1998, Annual 20.9 (0.51) 4.2 (0.12) 3.9 (0.12) 6.6 (0.35)
1998, Quarter 1 20.5 (1.08) 4.0 (0.23) 3.7 (0.24) 5.3 (0.63)
1998, Quarter 2 21.3 (0.98) 4.5 (0.24) 4.3 (0.25) 6.0 (0.64)
1998, Quarter 3 21.4 (1.01) 4.5 (0.22) 4.0 (0.22) 7.7 (0.75)
1998, Quarter 4 20.6 (1.08) 4.1 (0.20) 3.6 (0.21) 7.4 (0.65)
1997, Annual 21.2 (0.47) 4.9 (0.12) 4.6 (0.12) 7.0 (0.32)
1997, Quarter 1 21.7 (0.89) 5.4 (0.23) 5.0 (0.24) 8.1 (0.65)
1997, Quarter 2 22.1 (0.85) 5.6 (0.24) 5.3 (0.26) 7.5 (0.69)
1997, Quarter 3 20.2 (0.92) 4.5 (0.23) 4.3 (0.25) 6.1 (0.58)
1997, Quarter 4 20.7 (0.95) 4.3 (0.21) 4.0 (0.21) 6.4 (0.67)

1 A person was defined as uninsured if he or she did not have any private health insurance, Medicare, Medicaid, Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP), state-sponsored or other government-sponsored health plan, or military plan. A person was also defined as uninsured if he or she had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care.

2 The category “private coverage” excludes plans that paid for only one type of service such as accidents or dental care. “Private coverage” also includes persons covered thru TRICARE. A small number of persons were covered by both public and private plans and, thus, were included in both categories.

3 The category “public coverage” includes Medicaid, Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP), state-sponsored or other government-sponsored health plan, Medicare (disability), Veterans Administration (VA) and CHAMP-VA. A small number of persons were covered by both public and private plans and were included in both categories. For 2008, this category also includes persons covered by TRICARE.

4 The 2008 health insurance estimates are being released prior to final data editing and final weighting, to provide access to the most recent information from NHIS. The resulting estimates for persons without health insurance are generally 0.1-0.3 percentage points lower than those based on the editing procedures used for the final data files. Occasionally, due to decisions made for the final data editing and weighting, estimates based on preliminary editing procedures may differ by more than 0.3 percentage points from estimates based on final files.

Data source: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 1997–2008. Estimates for 2008 are based on data collected from January – June 2008. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.

Table 11. Percentages of persons 18-64 years of age who delayed needed medical care due to cost during the past 12 months, by interview quarter and insurance status: United States, 2004–June 2008

Insurance status
Uninsured1 Insured Private2 Public3
Year, quarter Percent (standard error)
20084, First 6 months 28.4 (0.89) 7.3 (0.24) 6.6 (0.25) 11.2 (0.72)
20084, Quarter 1 27.9 (1.32) 7.4 (0.34) 6.6 (0.34) 11.4 (1.10)
20084, Quarter 2 29.0 (1.17) 7.2 (0.33) 6.5 (0.35) 11.1 (0.86)
2007, Annual 27.5 (0.67) 6.2 (0.18) 5.6 (0.17) 11.3 (0.57)
2007, Quarter 1 28.3 (1.25) 6.1 (0.33) 5.4 (0.33) 10.2 (0.95)
2007, Quarter 2 25.1 (1.10) 6.1 (0.29) 5.5 (0.30) 10.1 (0.94)
2007, Quarter 3 29.1 (1.69) 6.8 (0.48) 6.0 (0.47) 12.8 (1.40)
2007, Quarter 4 27.4 (1.13) 6.1 (0.29) 5.4 (0.31) 11.9 (0.97)
2006, Annual 25.6 (0.67) 6.4 (0.18) 5.6 (0.18) 12.0 (0.56)
2006, Quarter 1 24.3 (1.18) 6.1 (0.39) 5.5 (0.41) 10.9 (1.06)
2006, Quarter 2 24.6 (1.07) 6.2 (0.31) 5.4 (0.30) 11.5 (1.03)
2006, Quarter 3 27.0 (1.68) 6.8 (0.52) 6.0 (0.50) 12.5 (1.43)
2006, Quarter 4 26.6 (1.15) 6.6 (0.32) 5.6 (0.32) 13.2 (1.02)
2005, Annual 25.7 (0.51) 5.9 (0.14) 5.2 (0.15) 11.4 (0.47)
2005, Quarter 1 26.3 (1.13) 6.5 (0.32) 5.9 (0.33) 10.7 (0.97)
2005, Quarter 2 26.9 (1.05) 5.9 (0.28) 5.3 (0.28) 11.7 (0.93)
2005, Quarter 3 26.4 (1.00) 5.9 (0.25) 5.2 (0.26) 11.0 (0.80)
2005, Quarter 4 23.5 (0.95) 5.4 (0.24) 4.5 (0.24) 12.1 (0.90)
2004, Annual 26.6 (0.53) 6.2 (0.16) 5.6 (0.15) 11.5 (0.55)
2004, Quarter 1 26.1 (1.09) 6.3 (0.36) 5.6 (0.31) 13.2 (1.64)
2004, Quarter 2 26.8 (1.20) 5.8 (0.30) 5.4 (0.31) 9.6 (1.00)
2004, Quarter 3 25.8 (0.95) 6.6 (0.28) 6.0 (0.28) 12.0 (0.86)
2004, Quarter 4 27.5 (1.12) 6.1 (0.27) 5.4 (0.27) 11.1 (0.88)

1 A person was defined as uninsured if he or she did not have any private health insurance, Medicare, Medicaid, Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP), state-sponsored or other government-sponsored health plan, or military plan. A person was also defined as uninsured if he or she had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care.

2 The category “private coverage” excludes plans that paid for only one type of service such as accidents or dental care. “Private coverage” also includes persons covered thru TRICARE. A small number of persons were covered by both public and private plans and, thus, were included in both categories.

3 The category “public coverage” includes Medicaid, Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP), state-sponsored or other government-sponsored health plan, Medicare (disability), Veterans Administration (VA) and CHAMP-VA. A small number of persons were covered by both public and private plans and were included in both categories. For 2008, this category also includes persons covered by TRICARE.

4 The 2008 health insurance estimates are being released prior to final data editing and final weighting, to provide access to the most recent information from NHIS. The resulting estimates for persons without health insurance are generally 0.1-0.3 percentage points lower than those based on the editing procedures used for the final data files. Occasionally, due to decisions made for the final data editing and weighting, estimates based on preliminary editing procedures may differ by more than 0.3 percentage points from estimates based on final files.

Data source: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2004–2008. Estimates for 2008 are based on data collected from January – June 2008. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.

Table 12. Percentages of persons under 65 years of age who did not receive or delayed needed medical care due to cost during the past 12 months, by interview quarter, age group, and employment status: United States, 1997–June 2008

Age group Employment status1
Under 65 years 0-17 years 18-64 years Employed Unemployed Not in workforce
Year, quarter Percent (standard error)
20082, First 6 months 10.6 (0.27) 4.8 (0.30) 12.8 (0.32) 11.3 (0.31) 27.7 (1.74) 16.1 (0.64)
20082, Quarter 1 10.5 (0.36) 4.8 (0.44) 12.7 (0.42) 10.9 (0.43) 30.4 (2.57) 16.4 (0.91)
20082, Quarter 2 10.6 (0.35) 4.8 (0.40) 12.9 (0.41) 11.6 (0.42) 25.5 (2.22) 15.8 (0.80)
2007, Annual 9.6 (0.19) 4.1 (0.23) 11.8 (0.22) 10.7 (0.23) 23.9 (1.35) 14.5 (0.46)
2007, Quarter 1 9.4 (0.36) 3.8 (0.43) 11.6 (0.42) 10.4 (0.43) 22.0 (2.40) 14.7 (0.92)
2007, Quarter 2 9.2 (0.31) 3.8 (0.36) 11.4 (0.37) 10.2 (0.39) 24.2 (2.47) 13.9 (0.77)
2007, Quarter 3 10.4 (0.48) 4.4 (0.57) 12.8 (0.56) 11.4 (0.57) 26.5 (3.24) 15.8 (1.17)
2007, Quarter 4 9.5 (0.34) 4.2 (0.40) 11.7 (0.40) 10.7 (0.43) 22.6 (2.46) 13.8 (0.82)
2006, Annual 9.7 (0.20) 4.7 (0.25) 11.7 (0.23) 10.5 (0.24) 23.6 (1.42) 14.5 (0.46)
2006, Quarter 1 9.3 (0.40) 4.8 (0.44) 11.1 (0.46) 10.2 (0.48) 18.9 (2.27) 13.6 (0.84)
2006, Quarter 2 9.2 (0.32) 4.2 (0.38) 11.2 (0.39) 10.1 (0.39) 23.2 (2.34) 14.0 (0.76)
2006, Quarter 3 10.5 (0.60) 5.3 (0.73) 12.6 (0.66) 11.3 (0.66) 24.0 (3.93) 15.9 (1.26)
2006, Quarter 4 9.9 (0.36) 4.7 (0.44) 11.9 (0.41) 10.6 (0.40) 27.9 (2.54) 14.6 (0.86)
2005, Annual 9.1 (0.16) 4.2 (0.19) 11.0 (0.18) 9.9 (0.19) 23.1 (1.07) 13.7 (0.38)
2005, Quarter 1 9.7 (0.35) 4.8 (0.43) 11.7 (0.41) 10.4 (0.42) 24.2 (2.33) 14.2 (0.78)
2005, Quarter 2 9.2 (0.31) 4.2 (0.38) 11.2 (0.35) 10.0 (0.38) 23.6 (2.14) 14.1 (0.71)
2005, Quarter 3 9.2 (0.29) 4.7 (0.38) 11.0 (0.34) 9.8 (0.33) 24.1 (1.95) 13.7 (0.72)
2005, Quarter 4 8.2 (0.26) 3.2 (0.29) 10.3 (0.32) 9.2 (0.35) 20.0 (1.97) 12.8 (0.65)
2004, Annual 9.3 (0.16) 4.4 (0.19) 11.4 (0.19) 10.2 (0.20) 22.7 (1.01) 13.8 (0.39)
2004, Quarter 1 9.5 (0.36) 4.4 (0.40) 11.5 (0.43) 10.2 (0.44) 22.1 (2.11) 14.4 (0.87)
2004, Quarter 2 9.0 (0.33) 4.4 (0.43) 10.8 (0.38) 9.8 (0.39) 22.7 (2.27) 12.4 (0.74)
2004, Quarter 3 9.5 (0.28) 4.2 (0.36) 11.6 (0.32) 10.4 (0.35) 22.8 (1.73) 14.5 (0.61)
2004, Quarter 4 9.5 (0.34) 4.5 (0.37) 11.5 (0.39) 10.3 (0.40) 23.2 (2.07) 14.0 (0.75)
2003, Annual 8.8 (0.16) 4.3 (0.19) 10.6 (0.19) 9.3 (0.19) 23.1 (1.04) 13.2 (0.38)
2003, Quarter 1 8.6 (0.31) 4.2 (0.36) 10.4 (0.37) 9.1 (0.38) 22.6 (2.06) 12.8 (0.74)
2003, Quarter 2 8.5 (0.34) 3.8 (0.37) 10.4 (0.41) 9.3 (0.44) 21.5 (2.06) 12.8 (0.82)
2003, Quarter 3 9.0 (0.30) 4.1 (0.35) 11.0 (0.35) 9.6 (0.35) 23.7 (1.81) 13.7 (0.71)
2003, Quarter 4 9.1 (0.34) 5.0 (0.42) 10.7 (0.39) 9.4 (0.40) 24.6 (2.00) 13.4 (0.75)
2002, Annual 8.0 (0.15) 4.0 (0.18) 9.7 (0.17) 8.5 (0.18) 22.0 (0.94) 12.5 (0.37)
2002, Quarter 1 7.8 (0.29) 3.5 (0.32) 9.6 (0.36) 8.4 (0.37) 20.6 (1.98) 12.5 (0.76)
2002, Quarter 2 7.8 (0.29) 3.8 (0.32) 9.5 (0.36) 8.3 (0.38) 19.1 (1.70) 12.5 (0.69)
2002, Quarter 3 8.2 (0.30) 3.9 (0.35) 10.0 (0.35) 8.5 (0.35) 22.5 (1.80) 13.4 (0.82)
2002, Quarter 4 8.3 (0.32) 4.6 (0.43) 9.8 (0.35) 8.6 (0.37) 25.9 (2.05) 11.6 (0.68)
2001, Annual 8.1 (0.15) 4.7 (0.21) 9.5 (0.17) 8.4 (0.17) 22.2 (1.06) 12.1 (0.35)
2001, Quarter 1 8.2 (0.34) 5.0 (0.46) 9.6 (0.37) 8.5 (0.36) 23.0 (2.51) 12.4 (0.82)
2001, Quarter 2 7.9 (0.28) 4.5 (0.39) 9.3 (0.31) 8.0 (0.32) 23.4 (2.04) 12.6 (0.68)
2001, Quarter 3 7.9 (0.28) 4.5 (0.37) 9.3 (0.31) 8.1 (0.31) 22.2 (2.10) 11.6 (0.68)
2001, Quarter 4 8.2 (0.29) 4.6 (0.38) 9.8 (0.32) 8.8 (0.33) 20.5 (2.01) 11.7 (0.69)
2000, Annual 7.8 (0.15) 4.6 (0.18) 9.2 (0.18) 8.2 (0.17) 19.0 (1.26) 12.5 (0.37)
2000, Quarter 1 8.5 (0.34) 5.3 (0.44) 9.8 (0.37) 8.6 (0.37) 18.8 (2.68) 13.3 (0.79)
2000, Quarter 2 7.6 (0.29) 4.3 (0.36) 9.0 (0.33) 8.0 (0.34) 17.6 (2.44) 12.3 (0.70)
2000, Quarter 3 7.7 (0.26) 4.7 (0.36) 9.0 (0.31) 7.9 (0.32) 18.8 (2.39) 12.2 (0.66)
2000, Quarter 4 7.6 (0.30) 3.9 (0.35) 9.2 (0.35) 8.2 (0.36) 20.8 (2.56) 12.2 (0.70)
1999, Annual 7.7 (0.15) 4.2 (0.19) 9.2 (0.18) 8.2 (0.18) 19.4 (1.22) 12.3 (0.37)
1999, Quarter 1 8.5 (0.36) 5.0 (0.47) 10.0 (0.42) 8.9 (0.42) 19.9 (2.65) 12.9 (0.82)
1999, Quarter 2 7.9 (0.27) 4.5 (0.35) 9.4 (0.32) 8.2 (0.33) 19.2 (2.44) 12.7 (0.66)
1999, Quarter 3 7.4 (0.27) 3.7 (0.38) 8.9 (0.32) 7.8 (0.32) 22.6 (2.59) 12.1 (0.70)
1999, Quarter 4 7.1 (0.29) 3.7 (0.33) 8.6 (0.34) 7.7 (0.36) 16.0 (2.33) 11.4 (0.71)
1998, Annual 7.9 (0.15) 4.3 (0.18) 9.5 (0.18) 8.3 (0.18) 18.8 (1.21) 12.8 (0.36)
1998, Quarter 1 7.7 (0.31) 4.1 (0.39) 9.3 (0.36) 8.1 (0.37) 18.2 (2.36) 12.5 (0.76)
1998, Quarter 2 8.1 (0.29) 4.4 (0.37) 9.6 (0.34) 8.4 (0.34) 18.0 (2.26) 13.3 (0.66)
1998, Quarter 3 8.1 (0.28) 4.1 (0.33) 9.8 (0.33) 8.7 (0.35) 20.4 (2.54) 13.1 (0.68)
1998, Quarter 4 7.8 (0.30) 4.7 (0.37) 9.2 (0.34) 8.2 (0.36) 18.7 (2.51) 12.2 (0.69)
1997, Annual 8.8 (0.15) 4.4 (0.18) 10.7 (0.17) 9.6 (0.18) 22.7 (1.17) 13.3 (0.35)
1997, Quarter 1 9.3 (0.30) 4.4 (0.35) 11.5 (0.36) 10.4 (0.38) 24.2 (2.31) 13.8 (0.73)
1997, Quarter 2 9.5 (0.29) 4.0 (0.33) 11.9 (0.35) 10.6 (0.36) 25.3 (2.29) 14.7 (0.70)
1997, Quarter 3 8.2 (0.29) 4.8 (0.41) 9.6 (0.32) 8.6 (0.33) 18.3 (2.17) 12.4 (0.67)
1997, Quarter 4 8.1 (0.27) 4.3 (0.33) 9.7 (0.32) 8.7 (0.34) 22.3 (2.21) 12.2 (0.65)

1 Employment status is assessed at the time of interview and is obtained for persons aged 18 years and over. In these tables it is presented only for persons aged 18–64 years. In 2001, the question used for coding employment status increased from four possible responses to five possible responses.

2 The 2008 health insurance estimates are being released prior to final data editing and final weighting, to provide access to the most recent information from NHIS. The resulting estimates for persons without health insurance are generally 0.1-0.3 percentage points lower than those based on the editing procedures used for the final data files. Occasionally, due to decisions made for the final data editing and weighting, estimates based on preliminary editing procedures may differ by more than 0.3 percentage points from estimates based on final files.

Data source: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 1997–2008. Estimates for 2008 are based on data collected from January – June 2008. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.

Table 13. Percentages of persons under 65 years of age who did not receive or delayed needed medical care due to cost during the past 12 months, by interview quarter and insurance status: United States, 1997–June 2008

Insurance status
Uninsured1 Insured Private2 Public3
Year, quarter Percent (standard error)
20084, First 6 months 31.1 (0.92) 6.6 (0.21) 6.2 (0.23) 8.4 (0.47)
20084, Quarter 1 30.8 (1.31) 6.6 (0.30) 6.2 (0.32) 7.9 (0.68)
20084, Quarter 2 31.4 (1.11) 6.7 (0.27) 6.1 (0.30) 8.8 (0.60)
2007, Annual 29.7 (0.71) 5.7 (0.15) 5.2 (0.15) 8.2 (0.38)
2007, Quarter 1 29.9 (1.30) 5.5 (0.28) 5.0 (0.30) 7.4 (0.64)
2007, Quarter 2 27.8 (1.14) 5.6 (0.26) 5.2 (0.27) 7.5 (0.61)
2007, Quarter 3 30.8 (1.66) 6.1 (0.41) 5.3 (0.41) 9.5 (1.00)
2007, Quarter 4 30.3 (1.17) 5.7 (0.26) 5.2 (0.29) 8.4 (0.64)
2006, Annual 28.2 (0.68) 6.0 (0.17) 5.4 (0.18) 8.9 (0.40)
2006, Quarter 1 26.2 (1.14) 6.0 (0.35) 5.6 (0.39) 8.2 (0.68)
2006, Quarter 2 27.1 (1.11) 5.7 (0.28) 5.2 (0.28) 8.0 (0.68)
2006, Quarter 3 29.2 (1.68) 6.4 (0.49) 5.6 (0.49) 9.9 (1.10)
2006, Quarter 4 30.3 (1.24) 5.9 (0.29) 5.2 (0.30) 9.3 (0.70)
2005, Annual 28.0 (0.54) 5.5 (0.13) 4.9 (0.14) 8.3 (0.32)
2005, Quarter 1 29.5 (1.20) 5.8 (0.28) 5.5 (0.31) 7.7 (0.65)
2005, Quarter 2 27.9 (1.06) 5.6 (0.26) 5.0 (0.26) 8.8 (0.64)
2005, Quarter 3 29.2 (1.08) 5.5 (0.22) 5.1 (0.24) 7.9 (0.58)
2005, Quarter 4 25.2 (0.99) 5.0 (0.21) 4.2 (0.22) 8.9 (0.60)
2004, Annual 28.6 (0.54) 5.6 (0.14) 5.2 (0.13) 8.3 (0.38)
2004, Quarter 1 28.5 (1.10) 5.7 (0.30) 5.1 (0.28) 9.0 (0.99)
2004, Quarter 2 28.6 (1.21) 5.4 (0.27) 5.0 (0.28) 7.5 (0.71)
2004, Quarter 3 27.6 (1.04) 6.0 (0.24) 5.5 (0.25) 8.5 (0.58)
2004, Quarter 4 29.5 (1.18) 5.5 (0.25) 5.0 (0.26) 8.2 (0.65)
2003, Annual 26.5 (0.60) 5.3 (0.13) 4.9 (0.14) 7.9 (0.32)
2003, Quarter 1 26.2 (1.14) 5.4 (0.25) 5.0 (0.27) 7.8 (0.63)
2003, Quarter 2 26.9 (1.27) 5.0 (0.27) 4.6 (0.29) 6.9 (0.61)
2003, Quarter 3 26.9 (1.06) 5.4 (0.24) 4.8 (0.25) 8.4 (0.64)
2003, Quarter 4 26.1 (1.20) 5.7 (0.29) 5.1 (0.32) 8.5 (0.69)
2002, Annual 24.2 (0.51) 4.9 (0.12) 4.3 (0.13) 8.4 (0.35)
2002, Quarter 1 24.6 (1.06) 4.7 (0.22) 4.0 (0.23) 8.2 (0.68)
2002, Quarter 2 23.6 (1.01) 4.9 (0.24) 4.3 (0.24) 8.3 (0.70)
2002, Quarter 3 24.9 (1.01) 4.9 (0.26) 4.4 (0.26) 7.4 (0.64)
2002, Quarter 4 23.7 (1.08) 5.2 (0.26) 4.5 (0.26) 9.8 (0.78)
2001, Annual 24.0 (0.56) 5.1 (0.12) 4.4 (0.12) 9.2 (0.38)
2001, Quarter 1 24.0 (1.18) 5.3 (0.28) 4.6 (0.28) 9.9 (0.83)
2001, Quarter 2 24.3 (1.04) 4.9 (0.22) 4.1 (0.21) 9.3 (0.77)
2001, Quarter 3 22.5 (1.03) 5.1 (0.23) 4.5 (0.24) 8.8 (0.69)
2001, Quarter 4 25.3 (1.05) 5.1 (0.25) 4.5 (0.25) 8.9 (0.75)
2000, Annual 23.4 (0.57) 4.8 (0.12) 4.2 (0.12) 9.2 (0.42)
2000, Quarter 1 25.1 (1.23) 5.1 (0.25) 4.5 (0.24) 9.1 (0.95)
2000, Quarter 2 22.6 (1.03) 4.6 (0.23) 3.9 (0.23) 9.0 (0.71)
2000, Quarter 3 23.3 (1.07) 4.7 (0.22) 4.1 (0.22) 8.6 (0.76)
2000, Quarter 4 22.5 (1.06) 4.7 (0.27) 4.1 (0.27) 10.0 (0.97)
1999, Annual 23.8 (0.58) 4.7 (0.12) 4.1 (0.12) 8.6 (0.39)
1999, Quarter 1 25.6 (1.35) 5.3 (0.28) 5.0 (0.28) 8.1 (0.80)
1999, Quarter 2 24.9 (1.06) 4.6 (0.22) 4.0 (0.22) 8.6 (0.76)
1999, Quarter 3 22.3 (1.02) 4.6 (0.22) 4.0 (0.22) 8.7 (0.71)
1999, Quarter 4 22.7 (1.12) 4.2 (0.22) 3.6 (0.20) 8.9 (0.81)
1998, Annual 24.1 (0.54) 4.8 (0.12) 4.3 (0.13) 8.1 (0.39)
1998, Quarter 1 24.4 (1.18) 4.5 (0.25) 4.2 (0.26) 7.0 (0.73)
1998, Quarter 2 23.7 (1.04) 5.0 (0.25) 4.7 (0.26) 7.3 (0.71)
1998, Quarter 3 24.5 (1.03) 5.0 (0.23) 4.5 (0.23) 9.1 (0.77)
1998, Quarter 4 23.7 (1.10) 4.7 (0.22) 4.1 (0.23) 9.0 (0.73)
1997, Annual 24.3 (0.50) 5.5 (0.12) 5.1 (0.13) 8.4 (0.34)
1997, Quarter 1 24.3 (0.93) 6.0 (0.25) 5.4 (0.26) 9.5 (0.73)
1997, Quarter 2 25.5 (0.88) 6.2 (0.26) 5.7 (0.27) 9.0 (0.73)
1997, Quarter 3 23.2 (1.00) 5.1 (0.25) 4.7 (0.26) 7.3 (0.62)
1997, Quarter 4 24.2 (1.01) 4.9 (0.22) 4.5 (0.23) 7.6 (0.73)

1 A person was defined as uninsured if he or she did not have any private health insurance, Medicare, Medicaid, Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP), state-sponsored or other government-sponsored health plan, or military plan. A person was also defined as uninsured if he or she had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care.

2 The category “private coverage” excludes plans that paid for only one type of service such as accidents or dental care. “Private coverage” also includes persons covered thru TRICARE. A small number of persons were covered by both public and private plans and, thus, were included in both categories.

3 The category “public coverage” includes Medicaid, Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP), state-sponsored or other government-sponsored health plan, Medicare (disability), Veterans Administration (VA) and CHAMP-VA. A small number of persons were covered by both public and private plans and were included in both categories. For 2008, this category also includes persons covered by TRICARE.

4 The 2008 health insurance estimates are being released prior to final data editing and final weighting, to provide access to the most recent information from NHIS. The resulting estimates for persons without health insurance are generally 0.1-0.3 percentage points lower than those based on the editing procedures used for the final data files. Occasionally, due to decisions made for the final data editing and weighting, estimates based on preliminary editing procedures may differ by more than 0.3 percentage points from estimates based on final files.

Data source: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 1997–2008. Estimates for 2008 are based on data collected from January – June 2008. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.

Table 14. Percentages of persons 18-64 years of age who did not receive or delayed needed medical care due to cost during the past 12 months, by interview quarter and insurance status: United States, 2004–June 2008

Insurance status
Uninsured1 Insured Private2 Public3
Year, quarter Percent (standard error)
20084, First 6 months 32.2 (0.92) 8.3 (0.26) 7.3 (0.26) 13.6 (0.78)
20084, Quarter 1 31.7 (1.33) 8.3 (0.37) 7.3 (0.35) 13.7 (1.20)
20084, Quarter 2 32.6 (1.13) 8.3 (0.34) 7.4 (0.37) 13.4 (0.94)
2007, Annual 31.4 (0.69) 7.2 (0.19) 6.3 (0.18) 13.7 (0.63)
2007, Quarter 1 31.8 (1.26) 6.9 (0.35) 6.0 (0.36) 12.2 (1.05)
2007, Quarter 2 29.1 (1.16) 7.1 (0.32) 6.4 (0.33) 12.5 (1.02)
2007, Quarter 3 33.0 (1.70) 7.6 (0.52) 6.4 (0.49) 15.9 (1.58)
2007, Quarter 4 31.6 (1.18) 7.1 (0.32) 6.2 (0.33) 14.1 (1.05)
2006, Annual 29.7 (0.69) 7.3 (0.19) 6.3 (0.19) 14.4 (0.60)
2006, Quarter 1 28.1 (1.19) 7.1 (0.40) 6.3 (0.42) 13.1 (1.18)
2006, Quarter 2 28.5 (1.13) 7.1 (0.35) 6.3 (0.34) 13.2 (1.07)
2006, Quarter 3 30.9 (1.72) 7.7 (0.53) 6.5 (0.51) 15.8 (1.63)
2006, Quarter 4 31.0 (1.22) 7.4 (0.34) 6.2 (0.33) 15.4 (1.10)
2005, Annual 29.5 (0.53) 6.8 (0.15) 5.9 (0.15) 13.6 (0.50)
2005, Quarter 1 30.4 (1.18) 7.2 (0.33) 6.5 (0.35) 12.4 (1.02)
2005, Quarter 2 29.9 (1.08) 6.9 (0.30) 6.0 (0.30) 14.2 (1.00)
2005, Quarter 3 30.6 (1.05) 6.7 (0.26) 5.9 (0.27) 13.2 (0.89)
2005, Quarter 4 27.2 (1.01) 6.3 (0.27) 5.2 (0.27) 14.6 (0.99)
2004, Annual 30.2 (0.55) 6.9 (0.17) 6.2 (0.16) 13.6 (0.58)
2004, Quarter 1 30.3 (1.15) 7.0 (0.37) 6.1 (0.33) 15.2 (1.64)
2004, Quarter 2 29.9 (1.22) 6.6 (0.32) 6.0 (0.34) 12.0 (1.06)
2004, Quarter 3 29.7 (1.00) 7.4 (0.29) 6.7 (0.30) 14.1 (0.92)
2004, Quarter 4 31.0 (1.19) 6.8 (0.29) 5.9 (0.29) 13.3 (0.95)

1 A person was defined as uninsured if he or she did not have any private health insurance, Medicare, Medicaid, Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP), state-sponsored or other government-sponsored health plan, or military plan. A person was also defined as uninsured if he or she had only Indian Health Service coverage or had only a private plan that paid for one type of service such as accidents or dental care.

2 The category “private coverage” excludes plans that paid for only one type of service such as accidents or dental care. “Private coverage” also includes persons covered thru TRICARE. A small number of persons were covered by both public and private plans and, thus, were included in both categories.

3 The category “public coverage” includes Medicaid, Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP), state-sponsored or other government-sponsored health plan, Medicare (disability), Veterans Administration (VA) and CHAMP-VA. A small number of persons were covered by both public and private plans and were included in both categories. For 2008, this category also includes persons covered by TRICARE.

4 The 2008 health insurance estimates are being released prior to final data editing and final weighting, to provide access to the most recent information from NHIS. The resulting estimates for persons without health insurance are generally 0.1-0.3 percentage points lower than those based on the editing procedures used for the final data files. Occasionally, due to decisions made for the final data editing and weighting, estimates based on preliminary editing procedures may differ by more than 0.3 percentage points from estimates based on final files.

Data source: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2004–2008. Estimates for 2008 are based on data collected from January – June 2008. Estimates are based on household interviews of a sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population.