Laboratory Characterization

Note: CDC may perform conventional microbiological methods, real-time polymerase chain reaction (rt-PCR), and slide agglutination as needed to resolve any discrepancies.

Note: CDC may perform conventional microbiological methods, slide agglutination, and whole genome sequencing as needed to resolve any discrepancies. CDC will perform WGS for molecular typing of isolates as part of special projects or requests.

1. emm types and T types
2. Resistance mechanisms and all minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) on panel (and others); PBP2x amino acid sequence types to monitor for possible emergence of beta lactam nonsusceptibility
3. Multilocus sequence type (MLST)²
4. Presence/absence of key surface proteins, exotoxins, virulence markers
5. Strategic subset targeted for conventional MIC determination
6. Phylogenetic clustering within clonal types to detect potential ongoing disease clusters

1. Capsular serotype
2. MIC predictions, including PBP2x typing to detect decreased beta lactam susceptibility
3. MLST
4. Strategic subset targeted for conventional MIC determination
5. Penicillin-binding proteins (PBP) type; penicillin-binding protein transpeptidase sequence (PBP type) database for detecting first step beta lactam resistance
6. Presence or absence of various surface proteins, including certain vaccine candidates
7. Conventional MIC testing of selected isolates
8. Phylogenetic clustering within clonal types to detect potential transmission events

1. Capsular serotype
2. MIC predictions, including PBP typing system for determining beta lactam antibiotic MICs
3. MLST
4. Pilus types
5. Conventional MIC testing of selected strains
6. Phylogenetic clustering within clonal types to detect potential transmission events