Toluene
RTECS #
XS5250000
CAS #
Updated
March 2019
Molecular Weight
92.15
Molecular Formula
C7H8
Synonyms
Antisal 1a
Benzene, methyl-
CP 25
Methacide
Methane, phenyl-
Methylbenzene
Methylbenzol
NCI-C07272
Phenylmethane
RCRA waste number U220
Tolueen (Dutch)
Toluen (Czech)
Toluene (ACGIH:OSHA)
Tolueno (Spanish)
Toluol
Toluolo (Italian)
Tolu-Sol
Benzene, methyl-
CP 25
Methacide
Methane, phenyl-
Methylbenzene
Methylbenzol
NCI-C07272
Phenylmethane
RCRA waste number U220
Tolueen (Dutch)
Toluen (Czech)
Toluene (ACGIH:OSHA)
Tolueno (Spanish)
Toluol
Toluolo (Italian)
Tolu-Sol
Skin and Eye Irritation and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| eye /human | 300 ppm | JIHTAB 25,282,1943 | |
| eye /rabbit | 870 µg | mild | UCDS** 7/23/1970 |
| eye /rabbit | 2 mg/24H | severe | 85JCAE -,29,1986 |
| eye /rabbit | 100 mg/30S rinse | mild | FCTOD7 20,573,1982 |
| skin /pig | 250 µL/24H | mild | TXCYAC 161,1,2001 |
| skin /rabbit | 435 mg | mild | UCDS** 7/23/1970 |
| skin /rabbit | 500 mg | moderate | FCTOD7 20,563,1982 |
| skin /rabbit | 20 mg/24H | moderate | 85JCAE -,29,1986 |
Mutation Data and Reference
| System Test | Route/Organism/Tissue | Dose | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cytogenetic Analysis | inhalation/rat | 5400 µg/m3/16W- intermittent | GTPZAB 25(7),33,1981 |
| Cytogenetic Analysis | subcutaneous/rat | 9600 mg/kg/12D- intermittent | GISAAA 37(10),36,1972 |
| DNA Damage | liver/rat | 30 µmol/L | SinJF# 26OCT1982 |
| DNA Damage | other cell types/Drosophila melanogaster | 100 mmol/L/24H | TXAPA9 253,14,2011 |
| micronucleus test | oral/mouse | 200 mg/kg | MUREAV 147,294,1985 |
| micronucleus test | intraperitoneal/mouse | 433 µg/kg/24H | ARTODN 58,106,1985 |
| other mutation test systems | inhalation/grasshopper | 20 pph/16H | MUREAV 113,467,1983 |
| sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction | oral/Drosophila melanogaster | 1 pph | CONAEL 1,35,1985 |
| sister chromatid exchange | inhalation/human | 252 µg/L/19Y | MUREAV 519,171,2002 |
| specific locus test | liver/mouse | 2442 µmol/L | MUREAV 608,29,2006 |
| Unscheduled DNA Synthesis | /Escherichia coli | 1 pph | JOBAAY 137,397,1979 |
| Unscheduled DNA Synthesis | /Other microorganisms | 1 pph/15M-continuous | JOVIAM 12,1195,1973 |
Reproductive Effects Data and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| inhalation/rat | 1500 mg/m3/24H (1-8D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system | TXCYAC 11,55,1978 |
| inhalation/rat | 1000 mg/m3/24H (7-14D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system | FMORAO 28,286,1980 |
| inhalation/rat | 2000 ppm/6H (7-17D pregnant) | Reproductive: Other effects on female Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physical | JTSCDR 20,109,1995 |
| inhalation/rat | 800 mg/m3/6H (14-20D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral | BJMRDK 23,533,1990 |
| inhalation/rat | 1200 ppm/6H (9-12D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Delayed effects | ARTODN 71,258,1997 |
| inhalation/mouse | 500 mg/m3/24H (6-13D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) | TXCYAC 11,55,1978 |
| inhalation/mouse | 1000 ppm/6H (2-17D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system | TJEMDR 7,265,1982 |
| inhalation/mouse | 400 ppm/7H (7-16D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic | FAATDF 6,145,1986 |
| inhalation/mouse | 200 ppm/7H (7-16D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system | FAATDF 6,145,1986 |
| inhalation/rabbit | 1 gm/m3/24H (7-20D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Abortion | ATSUDG 8,425,1985 |
| inhalation/rabbit | 100 ppm/6H (6-18D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Cardiovascular (circulatory) system | ARTODN 66,373,1992 |
| inhalation/hamster | 800 mg/m3/6H (6-11D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral | BJMRDK 23,533,1990 |
| inhalation/rat | 6000 mg/m3 (4D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death | VCVGH* -,145,1990 |
| inhalation/rat | 6000 mg/m3 (21D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death | VCVGH* -,145,1990 |
| inhalation/rat | 1500 ppm (6-20D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) | JAPTO* 27,32,2007 |
| inhalation/rat | 1500 ppm (7-20D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic | BCLPT* 94,169,2004 |
| inhalation/rat | 1500 ppm (7-20D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) | PHTOEH 92,148,2003 |
| inhalation/rat | 12000 ppm (8-20D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) | NETEEC 29,236,2007 |
| inhalation/rat | 8000 ppm (8-20D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral | NETEEC 29,236,2007 |
| inhalation/rat | 8000 ppm (8-20D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Sex ratio | NETEEC 31,89,2009 |
| inhalation/rat | 0.9 ppm (14-18D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) | TOLED5 185,79,2009 |
| inhalation/mouse | 50 ppm (14-19D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects | JTSCDR 34,SP341,2009 |
| inhalation/rat | 1800 ppm (7-20D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Central nervous system Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) | ARTODN 75,103,2001 |
| inhalation/rat | 2000 ppm (multigeneration) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other neonatal measures or effects Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) | REPTED 17,649,2003 |
| inhalation/rat | 12000 ppm (8-20D pregnant) | Reproductive: Other developmental abnormalities Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Behavioral | NETEEC 27,105,2005 |
| inhalation/rat | 1500 ppm (7-20D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Endocrine system | NETEEC 27,153,2005 |
| inhalation/rat | 1500 ppm (7-20D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) | PHTOEH 92,148,2003 |
| inhalation/mouse | 5 ppm (14-18D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects | TOLED5 208,133,2012 |
| inhalation/mouse | 5 ppm (multigeneration) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Other postnatal measures or effects | TOLED5 208,133,2012 |
| inhalation/rat | 8000 ppm (8-20D pregnant) | Reproductive: Other effects on female Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) | NETEEC 38,29,2013 |
| inhalation/rat | 12000 ppm (8-20D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system | NETEEC 38,29,2013 |
| inhalation/mouse | 8000 ppm (7-19D pregnant) | Reproductive: Other effects on female Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) | NETEEC 40,9,2013 |
| multiple/rat | 1500 ppm (7-20D pregnant) | Behavioral: Straub Tail | PHTOEH 92,148,2003 |
| oral/rat | 5000 mg/kg (16-19D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Eye, ear Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Urogenital system | REPTED 26,267,2008 |
| oral/mouse | 8700 mg/kg (6-15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) | VCVGH* -,145,1990 |
| oral/mouse | 9 gm/kg (6-15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal death | TJADAB 19,41A,1979 |
| oral/mouse | 15 gm/kg (6-15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) | TJADAB 19,41A,1979 |
| oral/mouse | 30 gm/kg (6-15D pregnant) | Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Craniofacial (including nose and tongue) | TJADAB 19,41A,1979 |
| oral/rat | 7280 mg/kg (6-19D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) | PEREBL 36,811,1994 |
| oral/rat | 9100 mg/kg (6-19D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain) Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Biochemical and metabolic | REPTED 12,119,1998 |
| oral/rat | 16 mL/kg (6-21D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Physical | PEREBL 47,362,2000 |
Acute Toxicity Data and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| In Vitro/Human, erythrocytes | Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.3 gm/L/30M | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Catalases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays | TIHEEC 25,545,2009 |
| In Vitro/Human, leukemia cells | Inhibitor Concentration (20 percent kill): 1.14 mmol/L/3H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc. In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays | TXCYAC 271,122,2010 |
| In Vitro/Human, leukemia cells | Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 2.74 mmol/L/3H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc. In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays | TXCYAC 271,122,2010 |
| In Vitro/Human, leukemia cells | Inhibitor Concentration (20 percent kill): 2.18 mmol/L/3H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc. | TXCYAC 271,122,2010 |
| In Vitro/Human, leukemia cells | Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 4.40 mmol/L/3H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc. | TXCYAC 271,122,2010 |
| In Vitro/Human, lung tumor | Inhibitor Concentration Low: 10 gm/L/2H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays | TXCYAC 289,28,2011 |
| In Vitro/Human, lung tumor | Inhibitor Concentration Low: 100 µg/m3/24H | Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation | TXCYAC 289,28,2011 |
| In Vitro/Human, neuroblastoma | Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 850 µmol/L/24H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc. | TOXRE* 2,729,2015 |
| In Vitro/Human, skin | Inhibitor Concentration Low: 60 µL/well/10M | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc. | TIVIEQ 27,1476,2013 |
| In Vitro/iag | Inhibitor Concentration Low: 5.6 mmol/L | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays | NRTXDN 55,74,2016 |
| In Vitro/jvx | Inhibitor Concentration (20 percent kill): 1.22 mmol/L/3H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc. | TXCYAC 271,122,2010 |
| In Vitro/jvx | Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 3.79 mmol/L/3H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc. | TXCYAC 271,122,2010 |
| inhalation/guinea pig | Lowest published lethal concentration: 1600 ppm | Behavioral: General anesthetic Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral: Irritability | JIDHAN 10,261,1928 |
| inhalation/human | lowest published toxic concentration: 200 ppm | Brain and Coverings: Recordings from specific areas of CNS Behavioral: Antipsychotic Blood: Changes in bone marrow not included in above | JAMAAP 123,1106,1943 |
| inhalation/human | lowest published toxic concentration: 825 mg/m3/6H | Olfaction: Change in sensation of smell Eye: Conjunctiva irritation Behavioral: Headache | VCVGH* -,144,1990 |
| inhalation/human | lowest published toxic concentration: 750 mg/m3/8H | Eye: Conjunctiva irritation Behavioral: Wakefulness Behavioral: Headache | VCVGH* -,144,1990 |
| inhalation/human | lowest published toxic concentration: 1125 mg/m3/8H | Behavioral: Ataxia | VCVGH* -,144,1990 |
| inhalation/human | lowest published toxic concentration: 1500 mg/m3/8H | Eye: Lacrimation Eye: Conjunctiva irritation Behavioral: Ataxia | VCVGH* -,144,1990 |
| inhalation/human | lowest published toxic concentration: 1875 mg/m3/8H | Behavioral: Ataxia Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting | VCVGH* -,144,1990 |
| inhalation/human | lowest published toxic concentration: 3000 mg/m3/8H | Behavioral: Wakefulness Behavioral: Muscle weakness Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting | VCVGH* -,144,1990 |
| inhalation/human | lowest published toxic concentration: 5625 mg/m3/8H | Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral: Ataxia | VCVGH* -,144,1990 |
| inhalation/human | Lowest published lethal concentration: 15000 mg/m3/1H | Behavioral: General anesthetic Behavioral: Ataxia | VCVGH* -,145,1990 |
| inhalation/human | lowest published toxic concentration: 37500 mg/m3 | Behavioral: General anesthetic | VCVGH* -,145,1990 |
| inhalation/human | lowest published toxic concentration: 200 ppm/15M | Brain and Coverings: Changes in surface EEG Behavioral: Change in psychophysiological tests | NETOX* 48,50,2015 |
| inhalation/mammal (species unspecified) | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 30 gm/m3 | GTPZAB 32(10),25,1988 | |
| inhalation/man | lowest published toxic concentration: 100 ppm | Behavioral: Hallucinations, distorted perceptions Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay) Behavioral: Change in psychophysiological tests | WEHRBJ 9,131,1972 |
| inhalation/man | lowest published toxic concentration: 50 ppm | Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition | TOLED5 129,65,2002 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 1000 ppm/30M | Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Sensory change involving segmental distribution | TXAPA9 193,9,2003 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 1746 ppm/30M | Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Sensory change involving segmental distribution Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning | TXAPA9 193,9,2003 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 4000 ppm/30M | Peripheral Nerve and Sensation: Sensory change involving segmental distribution Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay) Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning | TXAPA9 193,9,2003 |
| inhalation/mouse | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 400 ppm/24H | NRTXDN 2,567,1981 | |
| inhalation/mouse | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 30000 mg/m3/2H | VCVGH* -,143,1990 | |
| inhalation/mouse | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 19900 mg/m3/7H | VCVGH* -,143,1990 | |
| inhalation/mouse | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 10000 mg/m3 | Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) | VCVGH* -,144,1990 |
| inhalation/mouse | Lowest published lethal concentration: 30000 mg/m3 | VCVGH* -,144,1990 | |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 5000 gm/m3/30M | Behavioral: Antianxiety | NETEEC 65,42,2018 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 2000 ppm/30M | Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning | NETEEC 61,7,2017 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 1000 ppm/30M | Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay) Behavioral: Antianxiety | PSCHDL 204,279,2009 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 2000 ppm | Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay) | NETEEC 34,481,2012 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 2000 ppm/30M | Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay) | NETEEC 40,28,2013 |
| inhalation/rabbit | lowest published toxic concentration: 45000 ppm/3M | Behavioral: General anesthetic | VCVGH* -,144,1990 |
| inhalation/rabbit | lowest published toxic concentration: 45000 ppm/9M | Eye: Miosis (pupilliary constriction) | VCVGH* -,144,1990 |
| inhalation/rabbit | lowest published toxic concentration: 45000 ppm/11M | Ear: Tumors | VCVGH* -,144,1990 |
| inhalation/rabbit | lowest published toxic concentration: 45000 ppm/15M | Eye: Other eye effects | VCVGH* -,144,1990 |
| inhalation/rabbit | lowest published toxic concentration: 45000 ppm/16M | Behavioral: Tremor | VCVGH* -,144,1990 |
| inhalation/rabbit | Lowest published lethal concentration: 45000 ppm/40M | VCVGH* -,144,1990 | |
| inhalation/rabbit | lowest published toxic concentration: 40 mL/kg/2H | Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight Blood: Changes in other cell count (unspecified) Blood: Changes in leukocyte (WBC) count | VCVGH* -,143,1990 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 1000 mg/m3/4H | Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Histamines (including liberation not immunochemical in origin) | VCVGH* -,143,1990 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 4000 mg/m3/1H | Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) | VCVGH* -,143,1990 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 1500 ppm/2H | Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning | VCVGH* -,143,1990 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 1000 ppm/6H | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes Autonomic Nervous System: Other (direct) parasympathomimetic Autonomic Nervous System: Parasympatholytic | NETEEC 22,603,2001 |
| inhalation/rat | lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 49 gm/m3/4H | GTPZAB 32(10),23,1988 | |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 40 mL/kg/2H | Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight Blood: Changes in other cell count (unspecified) Blood: Changes in leukocyte (WBC) count | VCVGH* -,143,1990 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 2000 ppm | Behavioral: Change in psychophysiological tests Cardiac: Pulse rate increased without fall in BP | TOXID9 72,180,2003 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 3350 ppm | Behavioral: General anesthetic | PBBHAU 74,997,2003 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 2000 ppm/20M | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes | TOXID9 44,10,2005 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 1333 ppm/7.5H | Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay) | TOXID9 66,253,2002 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 8000 ppm/30M | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes | NETEEC 29,466,2007 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 4000 ppm/20M | Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay) Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning | NETEEC 29,599,2007 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 12000 ppm/30M | Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) | NETEEC 31,89,2009 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 1000 ppm/6H | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes | NETEEC 33,521,2011 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 800 ppm/30M | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Amino acids (including renal excretion) | NETEEC 31,382,2009 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 200 ppm/1H | Behavioral: Alteration of operant conditioning | NETEEC 32,611,2010 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 1019 ppm/6H | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases | NRTXDN 51,10,2015 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 5000 ppm/5M | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes | NETEEC 34,37,2012 |
| intraperitoneal/guinea pig | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 500 mg/kg | NRTXDN 2,567,1981 | |
| intraperitoneal/mammal (species unspecified) | lowest published lethal dose: 1750 mg/kg | Behavioral: Muscle contraction or spasticity Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes | AJHYA2 7,276,1927 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 59 mg/kg | NRTXDN 2,567,1981 | |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 250 mg/kg | Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold | TOLED5 160,179,2006 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 250 mg/kg | Behavioral: Anticonvulsant Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold | TOLED5 160,179,2006 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 500 mg/kg | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes Behavioral: Change in psychophysiological tests Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other | PBBHAU 94,588,2010 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 250 mg/kg | Behavioral: Change in psychophysiological tests | TXAPA9 265,158,2012 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 750 mg/kg | Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay) Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature decrease | TXAPA9 265,158,2012 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 250 mg/kg | Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning | TXCYAC 265,34,2009 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 750 mg/kg | Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay) Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning | TXCYAC 265,34,2009 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 750 mg/kg | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes | TOLED5 157,151,2005 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 900 mg/kg | Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay) Behavioral: Ataxia | PSCHDL 176,435,2004 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 750 mg/kg | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other | TOLED5 157,151,2005 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1 gm/kg | Behavioral: Change in psychophysiological tests | NETEEC 27,883,2005 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 600 mg/kg | Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay) | NEROEW 28,1440,2003 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published lethal dose: 2.5 mL/kg | PNSCC* 16,162,1992 | |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1332 mg/kg | ENVRAL 40,411,1986 | |
| intravenous/rabbit | lowest published lethal dose: 130 mg/kg | HAEMAX 58,491,1973 | |
| intravenous/rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1960 mg/kg | MELAAD 54,486,1963 | |
| oral/human | lowest published lethal dose: 50 mg/kg | YAKUD5 22,883,1980 | |
| oral/mammal (species unspecified) | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 4 gm/kg | GTPZAB 32(10),25,1988 | |
| oral/man | lowest published lethal dose: 719 µL/kg | Cardiac: Other changes Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Acute pulmonary edema Liver: Other changes | FSINDR 41,255,1989 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 2000 mg/kg | Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral: Excitement Behavioral: Ataxia | VCVGH* -,143,1990 |
| oral/rabbit | lowest published toxic dose: 500 mg/kg | Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport | JTEHD6 25,87,1988 |
| oral/rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 636 mg/kg | NRTXDN 2,567,1981 | |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 400 mg/kg | Cardiac: Pulse rate increased without fall in BP | TOXID9 44,428,2005 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 800 mg/kg | Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay) Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature increase | TOXID9 44,428,2005 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 800 mg/kg | Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay) Cardiac: Change in rate Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature increase | NETEEC 29,228,2007 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1200 mg/kg | Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature decrease | NETEEC 29,228,2007 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 650 mg/kg | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes | TOXID9 -,447,2009 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 0.65 gm/kg | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases | TXAPA9 256,386,2011 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1000 mg/kg | Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay) | NRTXDN 33,111,2012 |
| skin/rabbit | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 14100 µL/kg | AIHAAP 30,470,1969 | |
| skin/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 26.4 mg/kg | Skin: After systemic exposure: Dermatitis, irritative Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation | TXCYAC 255,100,2009 |
| subcutaneous/frog | lowest published lethal dose: 920 mg/kg | Autonomic Nervous System: Other (direct) parasympathomimetic Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay) | AEPPAE 130,250,1928 |
| subcutaneous/mouse | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2250 mg/kg | NRTXDN 8,237,1987 | |
| unreported route/mouse | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 2 gm/kg | GISAAA 45(12),64,1980 | |
| unreported route/rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 6900 mg/kg | GISAAA 45(12),64,1980 |
Other Multiple Dose Data and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 12000 ppm/10M/8W- intermittent | Liver: Changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in bladder weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | TXAPA9 61,302,1981 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 1250 ppm/6H/14W- intermittent | Liver: Changes in liver weight Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | NTPTR* NTP-TR-371,1990 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 1000 ppm/6H/20D- intermittent | Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) Blood: Changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count Blood: Changes in leukocyte (WBC) count | JTSCDR 2,363,1977 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 250 ppm/4D- continuous | Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral: Abuse | LIFSAK 72,3035,2003 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 1000 ppm/3W- intermittent | Olfaction: Change in sensation of smell Olfaction: Other olfaction effects Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning | TOLED5 165,57,2006 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 1000 ppm/2W- intermittent | Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation | TOLED5 165,57,2006 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 9 ppm/29D- intermittent | Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Immunological Including Allergic: Increased immune response Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation | TXAPA9 222,17,2007 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 50 ppm/12W- intermittent | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes | NRTXDN 28,168,2007 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 9 ppm/4W- intermittent | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes | NRTXDN 28,957,2007 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 6000 ppm/40D- intermittent | Behavioral: Alteration of operant conditioning | NETEEC 29,588,2007 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 50 ppm/6W- intermittent | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes | NRTXDN 31,85,2010 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 9 ppm/30M/56D- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation | TOLED5 191,240,2009 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 90 ppm/30M/56D- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other | TOLED5 191,240,2009 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 5 ppm/6H/5D- intermittent | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | NRTXDN 31,647,2010 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 50 ppm/6H/6W- intermittent | Blood: Changes in spleen | TXCYAC 286,28,2011 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 50 ppm/6H/6W- intermittent | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes | NETEEC 33,598,2011 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 5 ppm/5D- intermittent | Blood: Changes in spleen Immunological Including Allergic: Decreased immune response | TOLED5 208,133,2012 |
| inhalation/mouse | lowest published toxic concentration: 4000 ppm/30M/7D- intermittent | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay) | NETEEC 40,28,2013 |
| inhalation/rabbit | lowest published toxic concentration: 50 mg/m3/4H/26W- intermittent | Behavioral: Muscle contraction or spasticity | GISAAA 32(9),105,1967 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 6000 ppm/2H/5W- intermittent | Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count) | TXCYAC 139,193,1999 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 500 ppm/6H/3D- continuous | Endocrine: Adrenal cortex hyperplasia Biochemical: Neurotransmitters or modulators (putative): Catecholamine levels in CNS | TOLED5 5,393,1980 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 1600 ppm/20H/7D- intermittent | Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | AJHYA2 7,276,1927 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 12000 ppm/10M/8W- intermittent | Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in bladder weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | TXAPA9 61,302,1981 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 300 ppm/6H/2Y- intermittent | Blood: Pigmented or nucleated red blood cells Blood: Other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | FAATDF 3,315,1983 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 2500 ppm/6.5H/15W- intermittent | Cardiac: Changes in heart weight Liver: Changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in bladder weight | NTPTR* NTP-TR-371,1990 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 1500 ppm/6H/26W- intermittent | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes Biochemical: Neurotransmitters or modulators (putative): Dopamine in striatum | PHTOEH 68,384,1991 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 320 ppm/24H/30D- continuous | Brain and Coverings: Changes in brain weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport | TXCYAC 45,123,1987 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 300 mg/m3/5H/21D- intermittent | Olfaction: Other olfaction effects | BCTKAG 13,365,1980 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 2200 ppm/8H/23W- intermittent | Behavioral: Ataxia Musculoskeletal: Other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | NETEEC 13,387,1991 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 1500 ppm/12D- intermittent | Endocrine: Other changes | PHTOEH 92,148,2003 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 8000 ppm/13D- intermittent | Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | NETEEC 29,236,2007 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 40 ppm/16W- intermittent | Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay) Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other Biochemical: Neurotransmitters or modulators (putative): Dopamine at other sites | PBBHAU 74,997,2003 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 40 ppm/16W- intermittent | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects Biochemical: Neurotransmitters or modulators (putative): Catecholamine levels in CNS | TXCYAC 196,21,2004 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 1600 ppm/11D- intermittent | Behavioral: Tolerance Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning | TOXID9 78,61,2004 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 1500 ppm/4H/7D- intermittent | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins | JTSCDR 25,223,2000 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 1500 ppm/7D- intermittent | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins | JTSCDR 25,223,2000 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 1895 ppm/30M/6D- intermittent | Behavioral: Abuse Behavioral: Change in psychophysiological tests | EJPHAZ 477,45,2003 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 10 ppm/6H/13W- intermittent | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases | NRTXDN 51,10,2015 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 1000 ppm/6H/13W- intermittent | Eye: Retinal changes pigmentary deposition, retinitis, other) | NRTXDN 53,257,2016 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 1500 ppm/6H/14D- intermittent | Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | PHTOEH 92,148,2003 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 1500 ppm/14D- intermittent | Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | PHTOEH 92,148,2003 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 1000 ppm/6H/13W- intermittent | Eye: Retinal changes pigmentary deposition, retinitis, other) Eye: Other eye effects | TOLED5 196S,S3,2010 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 1500 ppm/7D- intermittent | Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | JAPTO* 27,32,2007 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 1000 ppm/6H/4W- intermittent | Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning | NETEEC 34,83,2012 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 10 ppm/6H/13W- intermittent | Behavioral: Alteration of operant conditioning | NETEEC 32,611,2010 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 10 ppm/6H/13W- intermittent | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects | TOXID9 12,403,2008 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 1750 ppm/5D- intermittent | Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases | NETEEC 30,154,2008 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 1750 ppm/4W- intermittent | Ear: Change in acuity | NETEEC 30,154,2008 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 1450 ppm/4H/7D- continuous | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins | JAPTO* 29,505,2009 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 2000 ppm/8D- intermittent | Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay) Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning | NETEEC 29,599,2007 |
| inhalation/rat | lowest published toxic concentration: 4000 ppm/3D- intermittent | Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay) Behavioral: Alteration of classical conditioning | NETEEC 29,599,2007 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 3000 mg/kg/7D- intermittent | Brain and Coverings: Changes in surface EEG | TOLED5 205,336,2011 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 3000 mg/kg/6D- intermittent | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes | TOLED5 205,336,2011 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 52 mL/kg/4D- intermittent | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | NETEEC 26,195,2004 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1548 ng/kg/3D- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Blood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Cytochrome oxidases (indlucing oxidative phosphrylation) | TOLED5 144,55,2003 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 6000 mg/kg/6D- intermittent | Brain and Coverings: Recordings from specific areas of CNS Behavioral: Change in psychophysiological tests | TXAPA9 197,362,2004 |
| intraperitoneal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 11058 µg/kg/30D- intermittent | Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Phosphatases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | TIHEEC 9,479,1993 |
| multiple/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1500 ppm/6H/14D- intermittent | Endocrine: Other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | PHTOEH 92,148,2003 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 227 gm/kg/13W- intermittent | Brain and Coverings: Changes in brain weight Liver: Changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in bladder weight | NTPTR* NTP-TR-371,1990 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 2940 mg/kg/4W- continuous | Liver: Changes in liver weight Endocrine: Changes in thymus weight Immunological Including Allergic: Decreased immune response | ENVRAL 49,93,1989 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 8400 mg/kg/14D- intermittent | Blood: Changes in other cell count (unspecified) Blood: Changes in leukocyte (WBC) count | DCTODJ 17,317,1994 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 95.2 mg/kg/4W- continuous | Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes | IMMPH* 21,23,1991 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 1134 mg/kg/14D- continuous | Endocrine: Adrenal cortex hyperplasia | IMMPH* 21,23,1991 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 2268 mg/kg/4W- continuous | Blood: Changes in spleen Immunological Including Allergic: Decrease in cellular immune response | IMMPH* 21,23,1991 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 42380 mg/kg/49D- intermittent | Ear: Change in cochlear structure or function Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | NETEEC 10,525,1989 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 27645 mg/kg/3W- intermittent | Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Proteinuria Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition | TOXID9 5,62,1985 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 162 gm/kg/13W- intermittent | Brain and Coverings: Changes in brain weight Liver: Changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in bladder weight | NTPTR* NTP-TR-371,1990 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 7805 mg/kg/2W- intermittent | Ear: Change in cochlear structure or function | ARTODN 79,346,2005 |
| skin/rabbit | lowest published toxic concentration: 217 mg/kg/2D- continuous | Skin: After topical application: Primary irritation | VCVGH* -,148,1990 |
| subcutaneous/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 10500 mg/kg/7D- intermittent | Ear: Change in cochlear structure or function Behavioral: Alteration of operant conditioning | NTOTDY 8,103,1986 |
Reviews
| Organization | Standard | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) | Threshold Limit Value-time-weighted average 20 ppm | DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013 |
| American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) | Threshold Limit Value-Not classifiable as a human carcinogen | DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Animal Inadequate Evidence | IMEMDT 47,79,1989 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Animal No Evidence | IMEMDT 71,829,1999 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence | IMEMDT 47,79,1989 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence | IMEMDT 71,829,1999 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Group3 | IMEMDT 71,829,1999 |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | AEHLAU 22,373,1971 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | CTOXAO 11,549,1977 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | FNSCA6 2,67,1973 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 47,75,1978 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | CTOXAO 11(5),549,1977 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | JACTDZ 6(1),77,1987 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | TIHEEC 4,49,1988 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | NTOTDY 3,407,1981 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | JTCTDW 38,37,2000 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | TOLED5 127,111,2002 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 566,21,2004 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | TOLED5 127,197,2002 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | TOLED5 128,85,2002 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | TOLED5 138,51,2003 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 543,201,2003 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | REPTED 22,196,2006 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 566,209,2004 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | CHHSA* 9,6,2002 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | ENTOX* -,202,2005 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | AAPSJ* 8,1,2006 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 584,1,2005 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | NETEEC 29,425,2007 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | REPTED 23,428,2007 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 658,215,2008 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 659,93,2008 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 544,313,2003 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | HUTOX* -,683,1996 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | HUTOX* -,577,1996 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | TOLED5 181,133,2008 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 681,93,2009 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 674,101,2009 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 681,241,2009 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | AIRMJ* 20,8,2001 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | NEUCL* 15,711,1997 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | NCLNA* 16,503,1998 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | NEUCL* 18,215,2000 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | NEUCL* 23,397,2005 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | NEUCL* 23,485,2005 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | NTAPM* -,239,1995 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | NTAPM* -,617,1995 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | NTAPM* -,629,1995 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | NTAPM* -,689,1995 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | NTAPM* -,711,1995 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | NTAPM* -,727,1995 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | NTAPM* -,747,1995 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | NTAPM* -,753,1995 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | NBREV* 32,910,2008 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | NBREV* 26,81,2002 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | NRTXDN 31,603,2010 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 721,27,2011 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | NETOX* 33,911,2012 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 759,27,2014 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | EMMUEG 55,231,2014 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | TOLED5 198,93,2010 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | TOLED5 199,203,2010 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 762,76,2014 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | REPTED 58,252,2015 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 768,27,2016 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | TXAPA9 266,345,2013 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 802,1,2016 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | FCTOD7 94,93,2016 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 770,73,2016 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 770,58,2016 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 770,92,2016 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | NETEEC 52,25,2015 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | NETEEC 52,68,2015 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 770,170,2016 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | RTOPDW 54,247,2009 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | RTOPDW 55,43,2009 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | RTOPDW 59,364,2011 |
Standards and Regulations
| Organization | Standard | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD-air | time-weighted average 100 ppm (375 mg/m3) (skin) | DTLWS* 3,29,1973 |
| Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN check ACGIH TLV; | ||
| Occupational Exposure Limit IN SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV | ||
| Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIA | time-weighted average 50 ppm (191 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 150 ppm (574 mg/m3), JUL2008 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRIA | MAK-TMW 50 ppm (190 mg/m3);KZW 100 ppm (380 mg/m3), skin, 2007 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUM | time-weighted average 50 ppm (192 mg/m3), MAR2002 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUM | short term exposure limit 100 ppm (384 mg/m3), Skin, MAR2002 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARK | time-weighted average 25 ppm (94 mg/m3), skin, MAY2011 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-EC | time-weighted average 192 mg/m3 (50 ppm);short term exposure limit 384 mg/m3 (100 ppm), skin, FEB2006 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-FINLAND | time-weighted average 25 ppm (81 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 100 ppm (380 mg/m3), skin, NOV2011 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-FRANCE | VME 100 ppm (375 mg/m3), VLE 150 ppm (550 mg/m3), FEB2006 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-GERMANY | MAK 50 ppm (190 mg/m3), skin, 2011 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-HUNGARY | time-weighted average 190 mg/m3, short term exposure limit 760 mg/m3, Skin, SEP2000 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELAND | time-weighted average 25 ppm (94 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 50 ppm (188 mg/m3), skin, NOV2011 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-JAPAN | Occupational Exposure Limit 50 ppm (188 mg/m3), skin, MAY2012 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-KOREA | time-weighted average 100 ppm (375 mg/m3), short term exposure limit 150 ppm (560 mg/m3), 2006 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-MEXICO | time-weighted average 50 ppm (188 mg/m3), 2004 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALAND | time-weighted average 50 ppm (188 mg/m3), skin, JAN2002 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-NORWAY | time-weighted average 25 ppm (94 mg/m3), JAN1999 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-PERU | time-weighted average 50 ppm (188 mg/m3), JUL2005 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-POLAND | MAC(time-weighted average) 100 mg/m3, MAC(short term exposure limit) 350 mg/m3, JAN1999 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-RUSSIA | time-weighted average 50 mg/m3, short term exposure limit 150 mg/m3, JUN2003 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-SWEDEN | time-weighted average 50 ppm (200 mg/m3);short term exposure limit 100 ppm (400 mg/m3), Skin, JUN2005 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLAND | MAK-week 50 ppm (190 mg/m3), KZG-week 200 ppm (760 mg/m3), skin, JAN2011 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-THAILAND | time-weighted average 200 ppm, short term exposure limit 300 ppm, JAN1993 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-THE NETHERLANDS | MAC-TGG 150 mg/m3, 2003 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-THE PHILIPPINES | time-weighted average 100 ppm (375 mg/m3), JAN1993 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-TURKEY | time-weighted average 200 ppm (750 mg/m3), JAN1993 | |
| Occupational Exposure Limit-UNITED KINGDOM | time-weighted average 50 ppm (191 mg/m3);short term exposure limit 100 ppm (384 mg/m3), skin, OCT2007 | |
| Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction) | 8H time-weighted average 200 ppm (750 mg/m3) | CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994 |
| Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors) | 8H time-weighted average 200 ppm (750 mg/m3) | CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994 |
| Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry) | 8H time-weighted average 200 ppm;ceiling concentration 300;Pk 500/10M | CFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994 |
| Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards) | 8H time-weighted average 200 ppm (750 mg/m3) | CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993 |
NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance
| Organization | Standard | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO TOLUENE-air | 10H time-weighted average 100 ppm;short term exposure limit 150 ppm | NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992 |
| National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983 | Hazard Code 73300; Number of Industries 399; Total Number of Facilities 128510; Number of Occupations 232; Total Number of Employees Exposed 2015881; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 391255 | |
| National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974 | Hazard Code 73300; Number of Industries 412; Total Number of Facilities 125516; Number of Occupations 206; Total Number of Employees Exposed 1589482 |
Status in Federal Agencies
| Organization | Reference |
|---|---|
| ATSDR TOXICOLOGY PROFILE (NTIS** PB/2000/108028) | |
| EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: E coli polA without S9 | |
| EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: Cell transform.-SA7/SHE; In vitro SCE-human | |
| EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: Sperm morphology-mouse | |
| EPA TSCA 8(a) PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT INFORMATION, FINAL RULE | FEREAC 47,26992,82 |
| EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY | |
| EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies | |
| EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001 | |
| NCI Carcinogenesis Studies (inhal);no evidence:mouse,rat | |
| NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Hydrocarbons, aromatic, 1501 | |
| NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Hydrocarbons, BP 36-126 degree C, 1500 | |
| NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Toluene (passive), 4000 | |
| NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Toluene in blood, 8002 | |
| On EPA IRIS database | |
| OSHA ANALYTICAL METHOD #111 |
Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018
Content
source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health