Social Determinants of Health among Adults with Diagnosed HIV Infection in the United States and Puerto Rico, 2020: Tables

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Table 1. Diagnoses of HIV infection among adults aged ≥18 years, by age at diagnosis, assigned sex at birth, and selected social determinants of health, 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic)—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
18–24 years 25–34 years 35–44 years
No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate
Male sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 656 3,811,258 17.2 1,284 6,029,346 21.3 660 6,478,733 10.2
6.00–9.99 723 3,196,839 22.6 1,486 5,471,127 27.2 691 4,917,497 14.1
10.00–16.99 1,165 3,753,894 31.0 2,341 6,131,352 38.2 1,074 5,101,438 21.1
 ≥17 1,941 4,850,428 40.0 3,200 5,551,747 57.6 1,450 4,248,242 34.1
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 661 4,375,952 15.1 1,320 5,474,528 24.1 609 5,096,685 11.9
5.00–8.99 814 3,468,319 23.5 1,524 5,429,813 28.1 671 4,977,738 13.5
9.00–15.99 1,203 3,769,121 31.9 2,226 5,987,963 37.2 1,038 5,256,863 19.7
 ≥16 1,811 4,127,087 43.9 3,243 6,382,424 50.8 1,558 5,483,160 28.4
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 1,882 4,378,343 43.0 3,082 5,203,965 59.2 1,346 4,088,229 32.9
46,000–61,999 1,111 3,805,336 29.2 2,142 5,855,955 36.6 1,015 4,857,767 20.9
62,000–85,999 876 3,830,126 22.9 1,808 6,435,157 28.1 887 5,674,200 15.6
 ≥86,000 598 3,439,574 17.4 1,239 5,611,115 22.1 615 6,060,820 10.1
Without health insurance (%)
<4 505 3,651,622 13.8 949 5,032,062 18.9 446 5,066,838 8.8
4.00–7.99 888 4,162,344 21.3 1,766 6,088,467 29.0 823 5,510,171 14.9
8.00–13.99 1,193 3,838,633 31.1 2,192 5,889,728 37.2 999 5,021,763 19.9
 ≥14 1,902 4,027,483 47.2 3,405 6,174,943 55.1 1,607 5,147,335 31.2
Gini index (%)
<37 942 3,733,268 25.2 1,785 5,903,556 30.2 731 5,573,044 13.1
37.00–40.99 963 3,692,968 26.1 1,849 5,768,352 32.1 865 5,298,622 16.3
41.00–45.99 1,208 4,034,583 29.9 2,119 6,195,107 34.2 1,047 5,461,589 19.2
 ≥46 1,371 4,111,306 33.3 2,556 5,293,362 48.3 1,232 4,391,638 28.1
Subtotala 4,774 15,740,479 30.3 8,744 23,274,728 37.6 4,118 20,814,446 19.8
Female sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 77 3,484,254 2.2 166 5,960,419 2.8 166 6,633,399 2.5
6.00–9.99 77 2,981,220 2.6 214 5,303,987 4.0 178 4,904,655 3.6
10.00–16.99 145 3,587,335 4.0 359 5,925,139 6.1 268 5,066,707 5.3
 ≥17 274 4,871,661 5.6 589 5,422,386 10.9 447 4,324,201 10.3
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 80 4,318,311 1.9 154 5,424,702 2.8 128 5,257,162 2.4
5.00–8.99 87 3,314,756 2.6 209 5,374,046 3.9 182 5,071,572 3.6
9.00–15.99 163 3,582,219 4.6 369 5,896,993 6.3 306 5,344,974 5.7
 ≥16 243 3,793,159 6.4 596 5,922,843 10.1 443 5,259,368 8.4
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 265 4,336,598 6.1 598 5,147,875 11.6 445 4,222,786 10.5
46,000–61,999 143 3,566,390 4.0 349 5,605,063 6.2 243 4,804,505 5.1
62,000–85,999 107 3,624,081 3.0 228 6,230,846 3.7 215 5,629,386 3.8
 ≥86,000 55 3,245,262 1.7 147 5,581,140 2.6 149 6,231,613 2.4
Without health insurance (%)
<4 63 3,465,493 1.8 112 4,969,837 2.3 98 5,199,508 1.9
4.00–7.99 98 4,011,122 2.4 255 5,999,427 4.3 223 5,593,821 4.0
8.00–13.99 151 3,698,059 4.1 358 5,747,850 6.2 282 5,064,187 5.6
 ≥14 261 3,826,144 6.8 603 5,895,727 10.2 456 5,071,572 9.0
Gini index (%)
<37 96 3,408,020 2.8 249 5,714,831 4.4 227 5,583,519 4.1
37.00–40.99 134 3,450,604 3.9 280 5,617,745 5.0 226 5,306,580 4.3
41.00–45.99 167 3,864,056 4.3 350 6,040,090 5.8 281 5,527,336 5.1
 ≥46 176 4,163,781 4.2 447 5,236,200 8.5 324 4,509,435 7.2
Subtotala 614 15,008,445 4.1 1,405 22,618,584 6.2 1,108 20,933,076 5.3
Totalb 5,388 30,748,924 17.5 10,149 45,893,312 22.1 5,226 41,747,522 12.5
Table 1. Diagnoses of HIV infection among adults aged ≥18 years, by age at diagnosis, assigned sex at birth, and selected social determinants of health, 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic)—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
45–54 years ≥55 years Total
No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate
Male sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 434 6,893,386 6.3 372 14,413,629 2.6 3,406 37,626,352 9.1
6.00–9.99 465 4,873,224 9.5 416 10,886,446 3.8 3,781 29,345,133 12.9
10.00–16.99 678 4,924,404 13.8 522 10,645,703 4.9 5,780 30,556,791 18.9
 ≥17 898 3,956,365 22.7 686 8,092,816 8.5 8,175 26,699,598 30.6
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 405 5,208,599 7.8 354 11,411,238 3.1 3,349 31,567,002 10.6
5.00–8.99 452 5,062,379 8.9 381 11,316,988 3.4 3,842 30,255,237 12.7
9.00–15.99 663 5,283,449 12.5 529 11,685,937 4.5 5,659 31,983,333 17.7
 ≥16 955 5,140,342 18.6 734 9,658,131 7.6 8,301 30,791,144 27.0
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 869 3,932,333 22.1 667 8,723,203 7.6 7,846 26,326,073 29.8
46,000–61,999 612 4,723,891 13.0 500 10,628,625 4.7 5,380 29,871,574 18.0
62,000–85,999 580 5,559,187 10.4 459 12,133,253 3.8 4,610 33,631,923 13.7
 ≥86,000 407 6,375,871 6.4 361 12,450,686 2.9 3,220 33,938,066 9.5
Without health insurance (%)
<4 334 5,440,512 6.1 300 12,421,070 2.4 2,534 31,612,104 8.0
4.00–7.99 520 5,575,277 9.3 481 12,439,636 3.9 4,478 33,775,895 13.3
8.00–13.99 623 4,893,363 12.7 497 10,455,312 4.8 5,504 30,098,799 18.3
 ≥14 998 4,738,296 21.1 718 8,723,120 8.2 8,630 28,811,177 30.0
Gini index (%)
<37 462 5,363,432 8.6 374 9,993,817 3.7 4,294 30,567,117 14.0
37.00–40.99 501 5,282,195 9.5 452 11,206,737 4.0 4,630 31,248,874 14.8
41.00–45.99 722 5,533,891 13.0 517 12,408,557 4.2 5,613 33,633,727 16.7
 ≥46 790 4,450,833 17.7 653 10,412,370 6.3 6,602 28,659,509 23.0
Subtotala 2,597 20,694,769 12.5 2,100 44,072,294 4.8 22,333 124,596,716 17.9
Female sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 114 7,117,986 1.6 113 16,298,230 0.7 636 39,494,288 1.6
6.00–9.99 129 5,001,133 2.6 125 12,659,143 1.0 723 30,850,138 2.3
10.00–16.99 225 5,028,421 4.5 186 12,647,660 1.5 1,183 32,255,262 3.7
 ≥17 370 4,122,431 9.0 303 9,881,974 3.1 1,983 28,622,653 6.9
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 86 5,429,453 1.6 99 13,125,831 0.8 547 33,555,459 1.6
5.00–8.99 135 5,265,155 2.6 110 13,235,992 0.8 723 32,261,521 2.2
9.00–15.99 229 5,490,254 4.2 191 13,815,184 1.4 1,258 34,129,624 3.7
 ≥16 388 5,087,060 7.6 327 11,311,302 2.9 1,997 31,373,732 6.4
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 371 4,151,541 8.9 311 10,801,757 2.9 1,990 28,660,557 6.9
46,000–61,999 201 4,830,770 4.2 180 12,621,235 1.4 1,116 31,427,963 3.6
62,000–85,999 158 5,697,333 2.8 123 14,059,485 0.9 831 35,241,131 2.4
 ≥86,000 104 6,553,920 1.6 110 13,907,688 0.8 565 35,519,623 1.6
Without health insurance (%)
<4 85 5,617,591 1.5 87 14,379,150 0.6 445 33,631,579 1.3
4.00–7.99 157 5,780,974 2.7 157 14,492,554 1.1 890 35,877,898 2.5
8.00–13.99 229 5,077,471 4.5 188 12,336,625 1.5 1,208 31,924,192 3.8
 ≥14 367 4,794,025 7.7 295 10,278,819 2.9 1,982 29,866,287 6.6
Gini index (%)
<37 172 5,465,352 3.1 142 11,337,635 1.3 886 31,509,357 2.8
37.00–40.99 184 5,425,504 3.4 142 12,990,708 1.1 966 32,791,141 2.9
41.00–45.99 234 5,727,062 4.1 205 14,612,142 1.4 1,237 35,770,686 3.5
 ≥46 247 4,650,289 5.3 238 12,544,174 1.9 1,432 31,103,879 4.6
Subtotala 875 21,271,922 4.1 772 51,488,309 1.5 4,774 131,320,336 3.6
Totalb 3,472 41,966,691 8.3 2,872 95,560,603 3.0 27,107 255.917,052 10.6

Abbreviations: Pop., population; SDOH, social determinants of health [footnotes only].

Note. Data for 2020 should be interpreted with caution due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on access to HIV testing, care-related services, and case surveillance activities in state/local jurisdictions. Rates are per 100,000 population. Row entries indicate categories based on census tracts; data reflect the census tract of the person’s residential address at the time they received an HIV diagnosis. For the definitions of SDOH indicator variables used in this report, see http://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/tech_docs/subject_definitions/2020_ACSSubjectDefinitions.pdf.

a Because column subtotals were calculated independently of the values for the subpopulations, the values in each column may not sum to the column subtotals. See Technical Notes for criteria used to define SDOH subpopulations.
b Totals do not represent all adults aged ≥18 years whose HIV infection was diagnosed during 2020 in these areas. See Technical Notes for exclusion criteria.

Table 2. Diagnoses of HIV infection among adults aged ≥18 years, by race/ethnicity, assigned sex at birth, and selected social determinants of health, 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic)—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
American Indian/Alaska Native Asian Black/African American Hispanic/Latinoa
No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate
Male sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 16 139,364 11.5 118 2,660,864 4.4 1,039 2,568,332 40.5 854 3,877,731 22.0
6.00–9.99 8 164,544 4.9 107 1,656,838 6.5 1,208 2,508,577 48.2 1,131 4,289,862 26.4
10.00–16.99 28 265,878 10.5 132 1,433,949 9.2 2,106 3,728,097 56.5 1,869 6,030,626 31.0
 ≥17 44 401,502 11.0 113 1,122,657 10.1 4,082 5,783,958 70.6 2,377 7,470,047 31.8
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 11 113,272 9.7 99 2,301,816 4.3 1,069 1,980,263 54.0 711 2,366,528 30.0
5.00–8.99 20 173,754 11.5 101 1,608,671 6.3 1,471 2,760,861 53.3 844 2,973,669 28.4
9.00–15.99 27 290,987 9.3 117 1,477,585 7.9 2,519 4,350,471 57.9 1,374 4,796,435 28.6
 ≥16 38 399,705 9.5 153 1,501,187 10.2 3,381 5,612,796 60.2 3,304 11,622,233 28.4
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 41 382,151 10.7 74 761,963 9.7 4,059 5,818,299 69.8 2,165 6,756,685 32.0
46,000–61,999 27 265,901 10.2 101 1,017,715 9.9 2,014 3,500,132 57.5 1,689 5,611,376 30.1
62,000–85,999 15 199,046 7.5 128 1,717,922 7.5 1,510 2,954,912 51.1 1,423 5,344,304 26.6
 ≥86,000 13 120,771 10.8 165 3,349,629 4.9 805 2,201,797 36.6 934 3,865,712 24.2
Without health insurance (%)
<4 10 96,709 10.3 98 2,350,843 4.2 762 1,957,528 38.9 551 2,528,365 21.8
4.00–7.99 18 174,948 10.3 146 2,011,491 7.3 1,624 3,310,637 49.1 1,133 4,186,525 27.1
8.00–13.99 30 251,313 11.9 111 1,464,391 7.6 2,345 4,167,182 56.3 1,469 5,343,766 27.5
 ≥14 38 448,578 8.5 115 1,057,486 10.9 3,707 5,161,870 71.8 3,078 9,617,932 32.0
Gini index (%)
<37 17 172,886 9.8 118 1,840,554 6.4 1,572 3,282,713 47.9 1,334 5,377,994 24.8
37.00–40.99 18 217,668 8.3 107 1,640,668 6.5 1,723 3,130,472 55.0 1,434 5,298,079 27.1
41.00–45.99 31 293,023 10.6 119 1,787,564 6.7 2,220 3,816,785 58.2 1,625 5,733,866 28.3
 ≥46 30 286,395 10.5 126 1,600,218 7.9 2,917 4,323,445 67.5 1,838 5,233,655 35.1
Subtotalb 113 977,718 11.6 493 6,889,259 7.2 8,915 14,704,391 60.6 6,499 21,758,865 29.9
Female sex at birth
<6 5 140,927 3.5 21 3,063,791 0.7 297 2,708,262 11.0 85 3,914,881 2.2
6.00–9.99 2 170,602 1.2 19 1,922,013 1.0 355 2,747,893 12.9 122 4,251,464 2.9
10.00–16.99 12 270,545 4.4 17 1,640,791 1.0 638 4,234,317 15.1 216 5,922,120 3.6
 ≥17 8 423,507 1.9 11 1,199,084 0.9 1,240 6,931,676 17.9 364 7,637,244 4.8
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 5 122,741 4.1 15 2,609,448 0.6 269 2,189,084 12.3 78 2,516,586 3.1
5.00–8.99 4 178,337 2.2 9 1,884,889 0.5 401 3,160,376 12.7 74 3,088,064 2.4
9.00–15.99 10 307,202 3.3 25 1,686,905 1.5 722 5,131,506 14.1 164 4,832,689 3.4
 ≥16 8 398,030 2.0 19 1,654,028 1.1 1,138 6,157,461 18.5 471 11,304,161 4.2
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 11 404,456 2.7 8 820,820 1.0 1,249 7,051,570 17.7 348 6,924,519 5.0
46,000–61,999 6 277,788 2.2 14 1,150,283 1.2 606 3,930,464 15.4 193 5,498,361 3.5
62,000–85,999 5 201,378 2.5 21 1,973,757 1.1 393 3,255,307 12.1 144 5,296,917 2.7
 ≥86,000 5 119,985 4.2 24 3,851,801 0.6 265 2,300,052 11.5 100 3,939,454 2.5
Without health insurance (%)
<4 2 99,739 2.0 11 2,711,514 0.4 203 2,082,772 9.7 68 2,634,038 2.6
4.00–7.99 7 178,519 3.9 21 2,303,945 0.9 457 3,738,550 12.2 135 4,367,088 3.1
8.00–13.99 11 259,775 4.2 14 1,648,674 0.8 720 4,842,286 14.9 173 5,446,410 3.2
 ≥14 7 467,764 1.5 22 1,170,809 1.9 1,150 5,969,292 19.3 411 9,289,804 4.4
Gini index (%)
<37 5 175,987 2.8 17 2,083,814 0.8 480 3,526,116 13.6 146 5,266,159 2.8
37.00–40.99 4 219,250 1.8 24 1,855,197 1.3 498 3,509,075 14.2 170 5,216,694 3.3
41.00–45.99 9 309,449 2.9 15 2,047,762 0.7 694 4,391,258 15.8 211 5,768,414 3.7
 ≥46 9 300,558 3.0 12 1,834,342 0.7 854 5,188,131 16.5 260 5,467,696 4.8
Subtotalb 31 1,006,310 3.1 70 7,835,270 0.9 2,661 16,638,427 16.0 830 21,741,500 3.8
Totalc 144 1,984,028 7.3 563 14,724,529 3.8 11,576 31,342,818 36.9 7,329 43,500,365 16.8
Table 2. Diagnoses of HIV infection among adults aged ≥18 years, by race/ethnicity, assigned sex at birth, and selected social determinants of health, 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic)—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander White Multiracial
No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate
Male sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 13 60,777 21.4 1,254 27,592,760 4.5 112 1,306,179 8.6
6.00–9.99 8 56,003 14.3 1,220 20,135,071 6.1 99 1,138,466 8.7
10.00–16.99 10 60,522 16.5 1,469 18,529,528 7.9 166 1,323,244 12.5
 ≥17 5 48,418 10.3 1,347 11,649,572 11.6 207 1,338,339 15.5
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 9 48,315 18.6 1,340 24,077,321 5.6 110 1,053,546 10.4
5.00–8.99 11 57,746 19.0 1,283 22,078,009 5.8 112 1,063,449 10.5
9.00–15.99 9 61,065 14.7 1,437 20,461,766 7.0 176 1,269,337 13.9
 ≥16 7 59,641 11.7 1,232 11,423,063 10.8 186 1,741,990 10.7
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 5 36,364 13.7 1,307 12,367,909 10.6 195 1,209,311 16.1
46,000–61,999 9 48,475 18.6 1,394 18,962,297 7.4 146 1,224,734 11.9
62,000–85,999 11 66,591 16.5 1,397 22,757,390 6.1 126 1,334,877 9.4
 ≥86,000 11 73,181 15.0 1,177 23,605,761 5.0 115 1,315,449 8.7
Without health insurance (%)
<4 8 55,741 14.4 1,025 24,018,828 4.3 80 1,007,624 7.9
4.00–7.99 8 66,680 12.0 1,407 23,425,746 6.0 142 1,264,316 11.2
8.00–13.99 14 57,618 24.3 1,381 18,343,164 7.5 154 1,266,198 12.2
 ≥14 6 45,734 13.1 1,478 12,160,620 12.2 208 1,571,342 13.2
Gini index (%)
<37 10 69,729 14.3 1,129 19,264,524 5.9 114 1,327,134 8.6
37.00–40.99 8 57,025 14.0 1,216 20,379,089 6.0 124 1,253,106 9.9
41.00–45.99 10 54,166 18.5 1,452 21,411,953 6.8 156 1,354,447 11.5
 ≥46 8 44,458 18.0 1,493 16,802,541 8.9 190 1,164,782 16.3
Subtotalb 39 226,767 17.2 5,647 78,040,159 7.2 627 5,128,322 12.2
Female sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 1 59,005 1.7 202 28,848,520 0.7 25 1,336,359 1.9
6.00–9.99 1 57,727 1.7 199 21,112,623 0.9 25 1,186,333 2.1
10.00–16.99 5 64,921 7.7 253 19,549,911 1.3 42 1,365,465 3.1
 ≥17 5 48,299 10.4 313 12,114,033 2.6 42 1,404,657 3.0
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 2 46,736 4.3 155 25,344,167 0.6 23 1,122,289 2.0
5.00–8.99 4 58,172 6.9 203 23,252,277 0.9 28 1,124,544 2.5
9.00–15.99 1 63,720 1.6 296 21,494,990 1.4 40 1,336,196 3.0
 ≥16 5 61,545 8.1 313 11,586,479 2.7 43 1,715,382 2.5
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 6 37,733 15.9 324 13,166,938 2.5 44 1,292,577 3.4
46,000–61,999 2 52,566 3.8 256 20,003,689 1.3 39 1,239,282 3.1
62,000–85,999 3 68,176 4.4 235 23,795,627 1.0 30 1,391,803 2.2
 ≥86,000 1 70,893 1.4 150 24,479,143 0.6 20 1,349,790 1.5
Without health insurance (%)
<4 1 53,681 1.9 139 25,399,536 0.5 21 1,064,076 2.0
4.00–7.99 2 70,538 2.8 241 24,583,341 1.0 27 1,327,209 2.0
8.00–13.99 4 59,523 6.7 256 19,151,651 1.3 30 1,330,964 2.3
 ≥14 5 46,318 10.8 331 12,534,282 2.6 56 1,574,929 3.6
Gini index (%)
<37 2 70,730 2.8 208 19,784,196 1.1 28 1,329,106 2.1
37.00–40.99 4 57,136 7.0 234 21,360,239 1.1 32 1,284,915 2.5
41.00–45.99 3 57,234 5.2 276 22,594,986 1.2 29 1,422,275 2.0
 ≥46 3 44,797 6.7 249 17,858,722 1.4 45 1,253,856 3.6
Subtotalb 12 230,173 5.2 1,027 81,677,913 1.3 143 5,298,411 2.7
Totalc 51 456,940 11.2 6,674 159,718,072 4.2 770 10,426,733 7.4

Abbreviations: Pop., population; SDOH, social determinants of health [footnotes only]; ACS, American Community Survey [footnotes only]

Note. Data for 2020 should be interpreted with caution due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on access to HIV testing, care-related services, and case surveillance activities in state/local jurisdictions.Rates are per 100,000 population. Row entries indicate categories based on census tracts; data reflect the census tract of the person’s residential address at the time they received an HIV diagnosis. For the definitions of SDOH indicator variables used in this report, see http://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/tech_docs/subject_definitions/2020_ACSSubjectDefinitions.pdf.

aHispanic/Latino persons can be of any race.
bBecause column subtotals were calculated independently of the values for the subpopulations, the values in each column may not sum to the column subtotals. See Technical Notes for criteria used to define SDOH subpopulations.
cTotals do not represent all adults aged ≥18 years whose HIV infection was diagnosed during 2020 in these areas. See Technical Notes for exclusion criteria.

Table 3. Diagnoses of HIV infection among adults aged ≥18 years, by transmission category, assigned sex at birth, and selected social determinants of health, 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic)—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
Male-to-male sexual contacta Injection drug useb Male-to-male sexual contacta and injection drug useb Heterosexual contactc
No. % No. % No. % No. %
Male sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 2,866 16.2 123 14.6 149 17.6 265 14.9
6.00–9.99 3,167 17.9 142 16.9 166 19.6 304 17.1
10.00–16.99 4,905 27.8 207 24.7 221 26.0 441 24.8
 ≥17 6,722 38.1 366 43.7 313 36.8 767 43.2
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 2,868 16.2 111 13.3 159 18.7 206 11.6
5.00–8.99 3,264 18.5 132 15.8 160 18.9 283 15.9
9.00–15.99 4,687 26.5 230 27.4 220 25.9 518 29.2
 ≥16 6,848 38.8 365 43.5 310 36.5 771 43.4
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 6,433 36.6 337 40.4 295 34.9 773 43.8
46,000–61,999 4,486 25.5 219 26.2 232 27.5 438 24.8
62,000–85,999 3,906 22.2 167 20.0 189 22.3 345 19.5
 ≥86,000 2,765 15.7 112 13.4 129 15.3 211 11.9
Without health insurance (%)
<4 2,138 12.1 101 12.1 112 13.2 181 10.2
4.00–7.99 3,735 21.1 205 24.5 201 23.7 332 18.7
8.00–13.99 4,581 25.9 233 27.8 236 27.8 448 25.2
 ≥14 7,209 40.8 299 35.6 300 35.3 816 45.9
Gini index (%)
<37 3,642 20.6 140 16.7 164 19.3 344 19.4
37.00–40.99 3,846 21.8 199 23.8 189 22.3 392 22.1
41.00–45.99 4,670 26.4 223 26.6 243 28.6 471 26.5
 ≥46 5,499 31.1 276 33.0 253 29.8 569 32.0
Subtotald 18,654 100 904 100 900 100 1,855 100
Female sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6  –  – 70 11.4  –  – 559 14.4
6.00–9.99  –  – 104 16.8  –  – 614 15.9
10.00–16.99  –  – 154 25.1  –  – 1,021 26.3
 ≥17  –  – 287 46.6  –  – 1,679 43.4
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5  –  – 70 11.3  –  – 471 12.2
5.00–8.99  –  – 101 16.5  –  – 616 15.9
9.00–15.99  –  – 160 26.1  –  – 1,088 28.1
 ≥16  –  – 284 46.1  –  – 1,698 43.8
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000  –  – 278 45.3  –  – 1,698 44.1
46,000–61,999  –  – 153 24.9  –  – 953 24.7
62,000–85,999  –  – 116 18.9  –  – 709 18.4
 ≥86,000  –  – 67 10.9  –  – 493 12.8
Without health insurance (%)
<4  –  – 62 10.0  –  – 378 9.8
4.00–7.99  –  – 126 20.5  –  – 755 19.5
8.00–13.99  –  – 176 28.7  –  – 1,021 26.4
 ≥14  –  – 251 40.9  –  – 1,719 44.4
Gini index (%)
<37  –  – 100 16.3  –  – 778 20.1
37.00–40.99  –  – 128 20.9  –  – 833 21.5
41.00–45.99  –  – 177 28.8  –  – 1,049 27.1
 ≥46  –  – 209 34.0  –  – 1,210 31.3
Subtotald  –  – 656 100  –  – 4,079 100
Totale 18,654 100 1,560 100 900 100 5,934 100

Abbreviation: SDOH, social determinants of health [footnotes only].

Note. Data for 2020 should be interpreted with caution due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on access to HIV testing, care-related services, and case surveillance activities in state/local jurisdictions.Transmission category is classified based on a hierarchy of the risk factors most likely responsible for HIV transmission; classification is determined based on the person’s assigned sex at birth. Data have been statistically adjusted to account for missing transmission category; therefore, values may not sum to column subtotals and total. Row entries indicate categories based on census tracts; data reflect the census tract of the person’s residential address at the time they received an HIV diagnosis. For the definitions of SDOH indicator variables used in this report, see http://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/tech_docs/subject_definitions/2020_ACSSubjectDefinitions.pdf.

aIncludes individuals assigned male sex at birth, regardless of current gender identity, who have had sexual contact with other males, and individuals assigned male sex at birth who have had sexual contact with both males and females (i.e., bisexual contact).
bIncludes persons who injected nonprescription drugs or who injected prescription drugs for nonmedical purposes. Also includes injection of drugs prescribed to persons if there is evidence that injection equipment was shared (e.g., syringes, needles, cookers).
cSexual contact with a person known to have, or with a risk factor for, HIV infection.
dBecause column subtotals were calculated independently of the values for the subpopulations, the values in each column may not sum to the column subtotals. See Technical Notes for criteria used to define SDOH subpopulations.
eTotals do not represent all adults aged ≥18 years whose HIV infection was diagnosed during 2020 in these areas. See Technical Notes for exclusion criteria.

Table 4. Diagnoses of HIV infection among adults aged ≥18 years, by percentage living below federal poverty level, assigned sex at birth, and area of residence, 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic)—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
Below federal poverty level (%)
Male sex at birth
<6 6.00–9.99 10.00–16.99  ≥17
Area of residence No. Rate Ranka No. Rate Ranka No. Rate Ranka No. Rate Ranka
Alabama 25 7.2 20 19 4.9 35 72 13.8 23 141 25.3 22
Alaska 5 5.3 – 8 8.4 – 3 3.8 – 1 4.5 –
Arizona 26 3.6 36 29 4.6 36 55 8.4 35 54 7.7 39
Arkansas 12 6.7 22 25 12.1 15 44 11.7 27 82 23.1 25
California 415 10.0 13 575 14.9 12 882 22.2 10 891 30.6 17
Colorado 66 7.7 18 62 10.5 20 71 15.0 19 52 18.1 29
Connecticut 33 4.8 32 24 9.3 23 24 11.7 26 41 19.9 27
Delaware 10 8.0 – 13 13.7 14 27 25.7 7 20 51.0 5
District of Columbia 21 36.5 1 24 39.2 1 34 56.6 1 61 67.3 1
Florida 317 16.4 5 506 24.2 3 743 31.3 4 944 52.3 4
Georgia 242 22.3 2 196 26.9 2 406 39.3 3 523 52.9 3
Hawaii 15 6.4 24 11 6.9 – 12 11.8 25 4 6.9 –
Idaho 6 4.0 – 11 5.4 – 5 2.7 – 7 6.2 –
Illinois 114 7.2 21 146 11.3 19 234 21.4 13 344 41.8 9
Indiana 54 7.3 19 54 8.6 24 94 14.4 20 128 27.0 19
Iowa 20 5.6 29 12 3.3 38 21 6.8 40 19 11.2 36
Kansas 21 5.9 27 21 7.3 29 18 6.9 39 27 14.5 34
Kentucky 37 11.0 12 35 13.7 13 53 11.1 28 88 14.5 33
Louisiana 40 16.2 6 60 18.7 8 102 21.6 12 286 42.3 8
Maine 2 1.3 – 5 3.6 – 0 0.0 – 3 4.1 –
Maryland 153 14.1 10 123 23.5 4 108 26.8 6 119 54.4 2
Massachusetts 20 1.7 38 18 2.9 39 26 5.7 41 39 10.1 37
Michigan 48 4.1 35 63 6.9 31 91 10.4 30 198 23.9 24
Minnesota 43 4.4 33 28 5.2 34 39 10.5 29 59 25.2 23
Mississippi 22 14.9 9 28 16.8 10 62 21.4 14 152 31.7 16
Missouri 29 4.4 34 35 6.6 32 54 9.2 34 98 19.1 28
Montana 1 1.0 – 6 6.8 – 1 0.7 – 3 3.5 –
Nebraska 10 4.2 – 15 7.6 28 16 9.6 33 9 8.1 –
Nevada 52 16.0 7 61 20.8 6 72 23.8 9 116 46.7 7
New Hampshire 7 2.5 – 8 5.9 – 6 7.0 – 2 5.5 –
New Jersey 97 6.0 26 83 11.6 17 126 21.7 11 206 49.8 6
New Mexico 7 6.1 – 14 9.8 22 15 7.5 37 33 10.0 38
New York 176 7.8 17 196 11.5 18 361 20.6 15 624 37.8 10
North Carolina 123 12.4 11 142 17.6 9 217 18.7 16 299 32.7 15
North Dakota 7 7.7 – 7 7.8 – 7 9.0 – 2 5.1 –
Ohio 86 6.2 25 86 8.3 27 149 15.1 18 346 35.1 12
Oklahoma 47 15.3 8 30 12.1 16 70 14.1 22 108 26.1 21
Oregon 28 8.3 15 39 8.5 25 44 8.1 36 35 12.2 35
Pennsylvania 91 5.2 30 85 6.4 33 96 9.9 32 297 35.6 11
Puerto Rico 0 0.0 – 2 23.1 – 21 39.4 2 197 17.0 31
Rhode Island 13 8.7 14 5 5.0 – 11 15.0 – 8 9.3 –
South Carolina 71 16.6 4 85 20.7 7 140 25.5 8 177 35.0 13
South Dakota 3 3.3 – 5 5.9 – 10 10.3 – 4 6.5 –
Tennessee 32 5.8 28 56 10.2 21 112 14.2 21 171 26.8 20
Texas 528 17.3 3 487 22.4 5 773 29.3 5 871 34.1 14
Utah 26 5.0 31 18 6.9 30 20 10.0 31 22 16.8 32
Vermont 4 6.7 – 2 2.5 – 2 2.5 – 1 3.4 –
Virginia 94 6.6 23 114 15.4 11 112 17.5 17 122 28.9 18
Washington 83 8.1 16 70 8.3 26 86 12.8 24 66 18.1 30
West Virginia 0 0.0 – 3 1.9 – 0 0.0 – 5 2.0 –
Wisconsin 23 2.8 37 26 4.0 37 32 7.0 38 69 23.0 26
Wyoming 1 1.7 – 5 6.4 – 1 1.7 – 1 3.0 –
Region of residence
Northeast 443 5.5 – 426 8.4 – 652 14.9 – 1,221 32.8 –
Midwest 458 5.4 – 498 7.5 – 765 12.9 – 1,303 27.6 –
South 1,774 14.4 – 1,946 19.6 – 3,075 24.4 – 4,169 36.2 –
West 731 8.4 – 909 11.8 – 1,267 16.7 – 1,285 23.0 –
Totalb 3,406 9.1 – 3,781 12.9 – 5,780 18.9 – 8,175 30.6 –
Table 4. Diagnoses of HIV infection among adults aged ≥18 years, by percentage living below federal poverty level, assigned sex at birth, and area of residence, 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic)—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
Below federal poverty level (%)
Female sex at birth
<6 6.00–9.99 10.00–16.99  ≥17
Area of residence No. Rate Ranka No. Rate Ranka No. Rate Ranka No. Rate Ranka
Alabama 4 1.1 – 10 2.4 – 22 3.8 12 58 9.2 7
Alaska 1 1.2 – 0 0.0 – 2 2.8 – 0 0.0 –
Arizona 4 0.5 – 7 1.1 – 10 1.5 – 6 0.9 –
Arkansas 1 0.5 – 5 2.3 – 7 1.7 – 22 5.8 19
California 60 1.4 12 68 1.7 17 103 2.5 18 122 4.1 24
Colorado 13 1.5 11 8 1.4 – 8 1.7 – 10 3.6 –
Connecticut 12 1.6 9 6 2.1 – 7 3.1 – 19 8.2 14
Delaware 1 0.8 – 3 2.9 – 7 5.9 – 5 11.4 –
District of Columbia 3 4.9 – 4 5.6 – 7 10.3 – 22 20.8 1
Florida 56 2.7 5 112 5.0 3 187 7.3 3 269 14.3 4
Georgia 58 5.0 1 51 6.4 1 90 8.0 2 159 14.6 2
Hawaii 4 1.7 – 0 0.0 – 1 0.9 – 0 0.0 –
Idaho 0 0.0 – 1 0.5 – 0 0.0 – 0 0.0 –
Illinois 16 1.0 14 24 1.8 16 46 4.0 9 82 9.1 8
Indiana 9 1.2 – 17 2.6 11 13 1.8 21 35 6.8 16
Iowa 5 1.4 – 3 0.8 – 8 2.5 – 4 2.4 –
Kansas 3 0.8 – 2 0.7 – 6 2.2 – 2 1.1 –
Kentucky 3 0.8 – 6 2.2 – 8 1.6 – 21 3.2 27
Louisiana 8 3.1 – 15 4.4 5 28 5.5 6 96 13.0 5
Maine 0 0.0 – 1 0.7 – 1 0.6 – 1 1.3 –
Maryland 50 4.3 2 35 6.1 2 52 11.4 1 24 9.4 6
Massachusetts 7 0.6 – 6 0.9 – 10 2.0 – 15 3.5 26
Michigan 6 0.5 – 12 1.3 – 10 1.1 – 48 5.3 20
Minnesota 9 0.9 – 7 1.3 – 4 1.0 – 8 3.4 –
Mississippi 5 3.2 – 7 3.8 – 12 3.8 13 36 6.7 17
Missouri 7 1.0 – 3 0.5 – 11 1.8 – 10 1.8 –
Montana 0 0.0 – 0 0.0 – 2 1.4 – 0 0.0 –
Nebraska 1 0.4 – 5 2.5 – 1 0.6 – 7 6.1 –
Nevada 7 2.1 – 12 4.0 6 11 3.6 – 20 8.5 12
New Hampshire 2 0.7 – 0 0.0 – 1 1.1 – 0 0.0 –
New Jersey 14 0.8 16 21 2.7 10 35 5.6 5 64 14.3 3
New Mexico 0 0.0 – 1 0.7 – 1 0.5 – 2 0.6 –
New York 42 1.7 7 43 2.3 13 78 4.1 8 161 8.5 11
North Carolina 23 2.2 6 24 2.8 9 49 3.9 11 64 6.2 18
North Dakota 0 0.0 – 5 5.6 – 2 2.7 – 2 5.6 –
Ohio 16 1.1 13 29 2.6 12 20 1.9 20 83 7.8 15
Oklahoma 5 1.6 – 6 2.3 – 15 3.0 14 17 3.9 25
Oregon 4 1.1 – 1 0.2 – 9 1.6 – 4 1.4 –
Pennsylvania 15 0.8 15 14 1.0 18 30 2.9 15 83 8.8 10
Puerto Rico 0 0.0 – 0 0.0 – 2 3.3 – 33 2.5 28
Rhode Island 1 0.6 – 1 0.9 – 2 2.5 – 8 8.5 –
South Carolina 18 3.9 3 20 4.6 4 35 5.8 4 50 8.9 9
South Dakota 2 2.2 – 0 0.0 – 3 3.2 – 2 3.3 –
Tennessee 5 0.8 – 13 2.2 14 24 2.8 16 32 4.5 23
Texas 88 2.8 4 67 3.0 8 144 5.3 7 221 8.4 13
Utah 0 0.0 – 1 0.4 – 4 2.0 – 2 1.5 –
Vermont 0 0.0 – 0 0.0 – 0 0.0 – 1 3.1 –
Virginia 23 1.5 10 24 3.0 7 27 4.0 10 22 4.8 22
Washington 18 1.7 8 19 2.2 15 16 2.4 19 11 3.1 –
West Virginia 0 0.0 – 1 0.6 – 0 0.0 – 2 0.8 –
Wisconsin 6 0.7 – 3 0.5 – 12 2.6 17 17 5.2 21
Wyoming 1 1.8 – 0 0.0 – 0 0.0 – 1 3.2 –
Region of residence
Northeast 93 1.1 – 92 1.7 – 164 3.5 – 352 8.4 –
Midwest 80 0.9 – 110 1.6 – 136 2.2 – 300 5.9 –
South 351 2.7 – 403 3.8 – 714 5.3 – 1,120 9.0 –
West 112 1.3 – 118 1.5 – 167 2.2 – 178 3.2 –
Totalb 636 1.6 – 723 2.3 – 1,183 3.7 – 1,983 6.9 –
Table 4. Diagnoses of HIV infection among adults aged ≥18 years, by percentage living below federal poverty level, assigned sex at birth, and area of residence, 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic)—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
Below federal poverty level (%)
Total
<6 6.00–6.99 10.00–16.99  ≥17
Area of residence No. Rate Ranka No. Rate Ranka No. Rate Ranka No. Rate Ranka
Alabama 29 4.0 21 29 3.6 31 94 8.6 18 199 16.8 18
Alaska 6 3.4 – 8 4.3 – 5 3.3 – 1 2.4 –
Arizona 30 2.0 36 36 2.8 37 65 4.9 37 60 4.3 41
Arkansas 13 3.5 25 30 7.0 16 51 6.5 28 104 14.1 25
California 475 5.6 13 643 8.2 12 985 12.2 13 1,013 17.1 17
Colorado 79 4.6 17 70 5.9 21 79 8.4 21 62 11.0 28
Connecticut 45 3.2 30 30 5.5 23 31 7.2 26 60 13.7 27
Delaware 11 4.3 – 16 8.1 13 34 15.2 7 25 30.1 6
District of Columbia 24 20.1 1 28 21.2 1 41 32.1 1 83 42.2 1
Florida 373 9.3 6 618 14.2 4 930 18.9 4 1,213 32.9 2
Georgia 300 13.3 2 247 16.2 2 496 23.0 2 682 32.8 3
Hawaii 19 4.1 20 11 3.4 – 13 6.2 31 4 3.5 –
Idaho 6 2.0 – 12 2.9 36 5 1.3 – 7 3.1 –
Illinois 130 4.0 23 170 6.4 19 280 12.5 12 426 24.7 9
Indiana 63 4.2 19 71 5.6 22 107 7.9 24 163 16.5 19
Iowa 25 3.4 26 15 2.0 39 29 4.7 40 23 6.8 37
Kansas 24 3.3 28 23 4.0 30 24 4.5 41 29 7.8 35
Kentucky 40 5.8 12 41 7.8 14 61 6.3 29 109 8.7 34
Louisiana 48 9.4 5 75 11.4 8 130 13.2 11 382 27.0 8
Maine 2 0.6 – 6 2.1 – 1 0.3 – 4 2.6 –
Maryland 203 9.0 7 158 14.4 3 160 18.6 5 143 30.2 5
Massachusetts 27 1.1 38 24 1.8 40 36 3.8 43 54 6.7 39
Michigan 54 2.3 35 75 4.0 29 101 5.6 34 246 14.2 23
Minnesota 52 2.6 33 35 3.2 35 43 5.7 33 67 14.2 24
Mississippi 27 8.9 9 35 10.0 9 74 12.2 14 188 18.5 16
Missouri 36 2.6 32 38 3.5 34 65 5.4 35 108 10.1 30
Montana 1 0.5 – 6 3.4 – 3 1.0 – 3 1.8 –
Nebraska 11 2.3 – 20 5.0 27 17 5.0 36 16 7.1 36
Nevada 59 9.0 8 73 12.3 7 83 13.7 9 136 28.1 7
New Hampshire 9 1.6 – 8 2.9 – 7 3.9 – 2 2.7 –
New Jersey 111 3.3 27 104 6.9 17 161 13.3 10 270 31.4 4
New Mexico 7 3.0 – 15 5.1 26 16 3.9 42 35 5.2 40
New York 218 4.7 15 239 6.7 18 439 12.0 15 785 22.2 10
North Carolina 146 7.1 11 166 10.0 10 266 11.0 16 363 18.7 15
North Dakota 7 4.0 – 12 6.7 – 9 5.9 – 4 5.3 –
Ohio 102 3.6 24 115 5.3 24 169 8.3 23 429 20.9 14
Oklahoma 52 8.3 10 36 7.0 15 85 8.5 19 125 14.8 22
Oregon 32 4.7 16 40 4.3 28 53 4.8 39 39 6.7 38
Pennsylvania 106 2.9 31 99 3.6 32 126 6.3 30 380 21.4 11
Puerto Rico 0 0.0 – 2 10.7 – 23 20.1 3 230 9.2 31
Rhode Island 14 4.6 18 6 2.8 – 13 8.4 20 16 8.9 33
South Carolina 89 10.0 3 105 12.4 6 175 15.1 8 227 21.2 12
South Dakota 5 2.8 – 5 3.0 – 13 6.8 27 6 4.9 –
Tennessee 37 3.2 29 69 6.1 20 136 8.3 22 203 15.1 21
Texas 616 9.9 4 554 12.5 5 917 17.1 6 1,092 21.0 13
Utah 26 2.5 34 19 3.6 33 24 6.0 32 24 9.2 32
Vermont 4 3.3 – 2 1.2 – 2 1.2 – 2 3.2 –
Virginia 117 4.0 22 138 9.0 11 139 10.6 17 144 16.4 20
Washington 101 4.9 14 89 5.2 25 102 7.6 25 77 10.6 29
West Virginia 0 0.0 – 4 1.2 – 0 0.0 – 7 1.4 –
Wisconsin 29 1.7 37 29 2.2 38 44 4.8 38 86 13.8 26
Wyoming 2 1.8 – 5 3.3 – 1 0.8 – 2 3.1 –
Region of residence
Northeast 536 3.2 – 518 4.9 – 816 9.0 – 1,573 19.9 –
Midwest 538 3.1 – 608 4.5 – 901 7.4 – 1,603 16.4 –
South 2,125 8.4 – 2,349 11.5 – 3,789 14.5 – 5,289 22.1 –
West 843 4.8 – 1,027 6.6 – 1,434 9.3 – 1,463 13.0 –
Totalb 4,042 5.2 – 4,504 7.5 – 6,963 11.1 – 10,158 18.4 –

Abbreviation: SDOH, social determinants of health [footnotes only].

Note. Data for 2020 should be interpreted with caution due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on access to HIV testing, care-related services, and case surveillance activities in state/local jurisdictions. Data reflect the census tract of the person’s residential address at the time they received an HIV diagnosis, and the proportion of residents in the census tract who were living below the U.S. poverty level at any time during the 12 months before the survey response (individuals aged 18 years and older). Rates are per 100,000 population. Reported numbers less than 12, and rates based on these numbers, should be interpreted with caution. For the definitions of SDOH indicator variables used in this report, see http://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/tech_docs/subject_definitions/2020_ACSSubjectDefinitions.pdf.

aBased on rate. Ranks were not assigned to areas with rates that were based on reported numbers less than 12.
bTotals do not represent all adults aged ≥18 years whose HIV infection was diagnosed during 2020 in these areas. See Technical Notes for exclusion criteria.

Table 5. Diagnoses of HIV infection among adults aged ≥18 years, by percentage with less than high school diploma, assigned sex at birth, and area of residence, 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic)—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
Less than high school diploma (%)
Male sex at birth
<5 5.00–8.99 9.00–15.99  ≥16
Area of residence No. Rate Ranka No. Rate Ranka No. Rate Ranka No. Rate Ranka
Alabama 21 6.9 27 38 11.9 16 85 15.4 18 113 18.0 28
Alaska 4 4.4 – 9 7.7 – 4 6.2 – 0 0.0 –
Arizona 36 4.7 34 36 5.8 36 45 8.0 32 47 6.1 41
Arkansas 25 16.7 10 24 11.3 20 52 11.9 28 63 19.8 26
California 377 11.3 17 371 13.5 14 540 17.3 16 1,477 25.5 17
Colorado 71 7.5 26 56 11.4 18 54 12.5 24 70 20.4 23
Connecticut 17 3.5 38 30 7.4 32 30 11.2 29 45 21.6 22
Delaware 11 11.7 – 18 19.4 8 28 23.8 9 13 21.7 21
District of Columbia 48 40.4 2 23 52.3 1 37 58.2 1 32 74.5 1
Florida 359 19.5 7 481 24.5 5 705 31.1 3 967 44.9 2
Georgia 273 34.2 3 283 35.7 2 402 37.4 2 409 34.9 6
Hawaii 14 6.3 30 13 7.6 31 11 9.2 – 4 9.2 –
Idaho 3 1.6 – 11 6.2 – 7 3.6 – 8 8.6 –
Illinois 157 11.5 15 141 10.9 23 241 20.3 12 299 31.5 8
Indiana 59 11.5 16 50 8.3 27 109 12.2 25 112 22.8 20
Iowa 16 4.1 37 26 5.9 35 14 5.4 39 16 16.0 31
Kansas 33 8.7 21 19 5.7 37 14 6.6 36 21 12.8 37
Kentucky 36 12.8 13 50 15.1 13 65 12.0 27 62 11.8 38
Louisiana 57 23.8 5 74 26.1 3 154 29.2 4 204 30.6 10
Maine 2 1.2 – 2 1.0 – 4 3.0 – 2 12.9 –
Maryland 76 12.1 14 129 19.3 9 154 25.8 6 144 41.4 3
Massachusetts 11 1.1 – 14 1.9 40 30 6.0 38 48 11.2 39
Michigan 52 4.8 33 102 8.5 26 125 12.0 26 121 25.0 18
Minnesota 50 5.9 32 37 5.1 38 41 10.1 30 41 27.6 14
Mississippi 27 25.7 4 45 23.3 6 76 22.6 10 116 25.8 16
Missouri 39 6.4 29 53 8.8 25 67 9.4 31 57 14.9 34
Montana 5 2.9 – 4 2.9 – 2 2.0 – 0 0.0 –
Nebraska 8 3.2 – 19 8.0 29 12 8.1 – 12 14.3 35
Nevada 36 16.1 11 44 15.2 12 73 25.8 5 148 39.6 5
New Hampshire 11 5.2 – 3 1.5 – 7 6.9 – 2 7.6 –
New Jersey 47 4.2 36 77 8.3 28 145 20.6 11 243 40.3 4
New Mexico 13 8.7 22 19 13.2 15 16 7.2 34 21 7.6 40
New York 128 7.6 25 207 11.6 17 304 16.4 17 718 34.7 7
North Carolina 127 14.6 12 147 18.5 10 236 19.6 13 272 26.9 15
North Dakota 7 7.0 – 10 8.9 – 5 6.3 – 1 15.0 –
Ohio 96 8.1 24 148 11.2 21 231 18.9 14 192 28.7 12
Oklahoma 45 19.2 8 61 17.8 11 79 14.4 21 70 20.4 24
Oregon 47 10.6 18 32 7.3 33 31 6.1 37 36 15.3 32
Pennsylvania 87 6.2 31 115 7.9 30 197 14.5 20 170 24.4 19
Puerto Rico 22 57.1 1 5 7.4 – 37 13.2 23 156 18.4 27
Rhode Island 6 5.6 – 9 7.9 – 9 8.4 – 13 16.1 30
South Carolina 81 19.0 9 105 24.7 4 131 25.6 7 156 28.8 11
South Dakota 5 5.6 – 6 4.9 – 4 4.6 – 7 21.6 –
Tennessee 48 10.5 19 55 11.0 22 133 14.6 19 135 20.3 25
Texas 424 19.6 6 400 21.2 7 595 25.1 8 1,241 30.7 9
Utah 28 6.5 28 25 7.1 34 16 7.5 33 17 15.2 33
Vermont 3 3.7 – 5 4.8 – 1 1.7 – 0 0.0 –
Virginia 85 9.1 20 93 11.4 19 164 17.8 15 100 18.0 29
Washington 79 8.3 23 82 9.1 24 94 13.4 22 50 14.1 36
West Virginia 0 0.0 – 1 0.7 – 5 1.8 – 2 1.0 –
Wisconsin 34 4.4 35 31 3.9 39 37 7.2 35 48 28.6 13
Wyoming 3 3.6 – 4 5.8 – 1 1.5 – 0 0.0 –
Region of residence
Northeast 312 5.0 – 462 7.8 – 727 14.3 – 1,241 30.0 –
Midwest 556 7.4 – 642 8.3 – 900 13.3 – 927 25.2 –
South 1,743 17.9 – 2,027 20.6 – 3,101 23.4 – 4,099 29.9 –
West 716 8.9 – 706 10.6 – 894 13.5 – 1,878 22.3 –
Totalb 3,349 10.6 – 3,842 12.7 – 5,659 17.7 – 8,301 27.0 –
Table 5. Diagnoses of HIV infection among adults aged ≥18 years, by percentage with less than high school diploma, assigned sex at birth, and area of residence, 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic)—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
Less than high school diploma (%)
Female sex at birth
<5 5.00–8.99 9.00–15.99  ≥16
Area of residence No. Rate Ranka No. Rate Ranka No. Rate Ranka No. Rate Ranka
Alabama 3 0.9 – 14 3.9 6 32 5.2 7 45 6.7 15
Alaska 1 1.2 – 0 0.0 – 2 3.4 – 0 0.0 –
Arizona 6 0.7 – 4 0.6 – 10 1.7 – 7 0.9 –
Arkansas 4 2.4 – 5 2.2 – 14 3.0 18 12 3.7 23
California 49 1.4 10 33 1.1 17 66 2.0 24 205 3.6 25
Colorado 11 1.1 – 9 1.8 – 9 2.1 – 10 3.2 –
Connecticut 7 1.4 – 8 1.8 – 6 2.1 – 23 10.4 7
Delaware 3 2.8 – 2 1.9 – 7 5.3 – 4 6.8 –
District of Columbia 5 3.7 – 8 16.0 – 10 13.4 – 13 26.9 1
Florida 63 3.1 5 94 4.4 3 157 6.4 4 310 14.4 2
Georgia 45 5.3 2 65 7.2 1 112 9.3 1 136 11.2 6
Hawaii 3 1.4 – 1 0.6 – 0 0.0 – 1 2.3 –
Idaho 0 0.0 – 0 0.0 – 1 0.5 – 0 0.0 –
Illinois 21 1.5 8 31 2.2 12 52 4.0 11 64 6.8 13
Indiana 10 1.8 – 15 2.4 11 22 2.4 22 27 5.3 20
Iowa 5 1.2 – 5 1.1 – 9 3.5 – 1 1.0 –
Kansas 5 1.3 – 1 0.3 – 3 1.4 – 4 2.4 –
Kentucky 4 1.3 – 3 0.8 – 18 3.1 17 13 2.4 29
Louisiana 14 5.3 1 13 4.2 5 42 7.2 3 78 11.3 4
Maine 1 0.5 – 2 0.9 – 0 0.0 – 0 0.0 –
Maryland 29 4.2 3 31 4.2 4 55 8.2 2 46 13.0 3
Massachusetts 9 0.8 – 3 0.4 – 11 2.1 – 15 3.2 27
Michigan 9 0.8 – 13 1.0 18 25 2.3 23 29 5.8 18
Minnesota 6 0.7 – 7 1.0 – 8 1.9 – 7 4.7 –
Mississippi 4 3.4 – 6 2.8 – 19 5.0 8 31 6.4 16
Missouri 5 0.8 – 8 1.2 – 9 1.2 – 9 2.3 –
Montana 1 0.6 – 1 0.7 – 0 0.0 – 0 0.0 –
Nebraska 2 0.8 – 3 1.3 – 3 2.0 – 6 7.3 –
Nevada 5 2.2 – 8 2.7 – 15 5.3 6 22 6.2 17
New Hampshire 1 0.5 – 1 0.5 – 1 1.0 – 0 0.0 –
New Jersey 14 1.2 13 20 2.0 15 30 3.9 13 70 11.3 5
New Mexico 0 0.0 – 2 1.3 – 0 0.0 – 2 0.7 –
New York 17 0.9 14 39 2.0 14 82 4.0 12 186 8.3 9
North Carolina 19 2.0 7 27 3.1 7 54 4.1 10 60 5.5 19
North Dakota 2 2.1 – 3 2.8 – 4 5.3 – 0 0.0 –
Ohio 17 1.3 11 35 2.5 10 36 2.8 19 60 8.7 8
Oklahoma 8 3.2 – 9 2.5 – 14 2.4 20 12 3.6 26
Oregon 3 0.6 – 6 1.3 – 3 0.6 – 6 2.6 –
Pennsylvania 9 0.6 – 29 1.8 16 55 3.8 14 49 7.0 12
Puerto Rico 2 4.2 – 1 1.2 – 9 2.6 – 23 2.4 28
Rhode Island 0 0.0 – 2 1.6 – 4 3.4 – 6 7.1 –
South Carolina 15 3.3 4 30 6.3 2 31 5.4 5 47 8.1 11
South Dakota 1 1.1 – 2 1.6 – 2 2.4 – 2 6.3 –
Tennessee 6 1.2 – 11 2.0 – 32 3.3 16 25 3.6 24
Texas 66 2.9 6 60 3.0 8 123 4.9 9 271 6.8 14
Utah 1 0.2 – 0 0.0 – 3 1.4 – 3 2.8 –
Vermont 0 0.0 – 1 0.9 – 0 0.0 – 0 0.0 –
Virginia 12 1.2 12 23 2.6 9 34 3.4 15 27 4.8 21
Washington 14 1.4 9 19 2.0 13 17 2.4 21 14 4.1 22
West Virginia 0 0.0 – 0 0.0 – 1 0.3 – 2 1.0 –
Wisconsin 9 1.1 – 9 1.1 – 6 1.2 – 14 8.2 10
Wyoming 1 1.2 – 1 1.5 – 0 0.0 – 0 0.0 –
Region of residence
Northeast 58 0.9 – 105 1.6 – 189 3.4 – 349 8.0 –
Midwest 92 1.2 – 132 1.6 – 179 2.5 – 223 6.0 –
South 300 2.9 – 401 3.8 – 755 5.2 – 1,132 8.1 –
West 95 1.1 – 84 1.2 – 126 1.9 – 270 3.2 –
Totalb 547 1.6 – 723 2.2 – 1,258 3.7 – 1,997 6.4 –
Table 5. Diagnoses of HIV infection among adults aged ≥18 years, by percentage with less than high school diploma, assigned sex at birth, and area of residence, 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic)—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
Less than high school diploma (%)
Total
<5 5.00–8.99 9.00–15.99  ≥16
Area of residence No. Rate Ranka No. Rate Ranka No. Rate Ranka No. Rate Ranka
Alabama 24 3.7 29 52 7.7 14 117 10.0 16 158 12.2 24
Alaska 5 2.9 – 9 4.0 – 6 4.9 – 0 0.0 –
Arizona 42 2.7 37 40 3.1 37 55 4.8 34 54 3.5 41
Arkansas 29 9.2 10 29 6.5 21 66 7.3 26 75 11.6 27
California 426 6.3 18 404 7.2 15 606 9.5 18 1,682 14.6 20
Colorado 82 4.3 25 65 6.6 20 63 7.3 25 80 12.2 23
Connecticut 24 2.4 40 38 4.5 32 36 6.4 29 68 15.9 15
Delaware 14 7.0 14 20 10.2 10 35 14.1 9 17 14.3 21
District of Columbia 53 21.0 2 31 32.9 1 47 34.0 1 45 49.3 1
Florida 422 10.9 8 575 14.0 5 862 18.3 3 1,277 29.6 2
Georgia 318 19.2 3 348 20.6 2 514 22.5 2 545 22.8 6
Hawaii 17 3.8 28 14 4.0 34 11 4.6 – 5 5.7 –
Idaho 3 0.8 – 11 3.1 – 8 2.1 – 8 4.3 –
Illinois 178 6.3 17 172 6.4 22 293 11.8 12 363 19.1 9
Indiana 69 6.5 16 65 5.3 26 131 7.2 27 139 13.9 22
Iowa 21 2.6 39 31 3.4 36 23 4.5 36 17 8.6 35
Kansas 38 4.9 22 20 2.9 39 17 4.0 39 25 7.6 37
Kentucky 40 6.9 15 53 7.7 13 83 7.4 23 75 7.0 39
Louisiana 71 14.1 4 87 14.6 4 196 17.7 4 282 20.8 8
Maine 3 0.8 – 4 0.9 – 4 1.4 – 2 6.2 –
Maryland 105 7.9 13 160 11.4 8 209 16.5 5 190 27.0 3
Massachusetts 20 1.0 41 17 1.1 41 41 4.0 38 63 7.1 38
Michigan 61 2.7 35 115 4.7 30 150 7.0 28 150 15.2 19
Minnesota 56 3.3 33 44 3.0 38 49 6.0 30 48 16.1 14
Mississippi 31 13.8 5 51 12.6 6 95 13.3 10 147 15.8 17
Missouri 44 3.5 30 61 4.9 28 76 5.2 32 66 8.6 36
Montana 6 1.8 – 5 1.8 – 2 1.0 – 0 0.0 –
Nebraska 10 2.0 – 22 4.6 31 15 5.0 33 18 10.8 30
Nevada 41 9.0 11 52 8.8 12 88 15.5 6 170 23.2 5
New Hampshire 12 2.8 34 4 1.0 – 8 3.9 – 2 3.8 –
New Jersey 61 2.6 38 97 5.0 27 175 11.9 11 313 25.6 4
New Mexico 13 4.2 26 21 7.1 16 16 3.5 40 23 4.1 40
New York 145 4.1 27 246 6.6 19 386 9.9 17 904 21.0 7
North Carolina 146 8.1 12 174 10.4 9 290 11.5 13 332 15.9 16
North Dakota 9 4.6 – 13 5.9 24 9 5.8 – 1 7.5 –
Ohio 113 4.6 24 183 6.7 18 267 10.5 14 252 18.6 11
Oklahoma 53 10.9 7 70 9.9 11 93 8.3 21 82 12.0 25
Oregon 50 5.5 20 38 4.3 33 34 3.3 41 42 9.0 34
Pennsylvania 96 3.3 32 144 4.7 29 252 9.0 19 219 15.7 18
Puerto Rico 24 27.9 1 6 4.0 – 46 7.4 24 179 10.0 31
Rhode Island 6 2.7 – 11 4.7 – 13 5.7 31 19 11.5 28
South Carolina 96 10.8 9 135 15.0 3 162 15.0 7 203 18.2 13
South Dakota 6 3.3 – 8 3.2 – 6 3.5 – 9 14.0 –
Tennessee 54 5.6 19 66 6.3 23 165 8.7 20 160 11.7 26
Texas 490 11.1 6 460 11.8 7 718 14.7 8 1,512 18.8 10
Utah 29 3.3 31 25 3.5 35 19 4.5 35 20 9.1 33
Vermont 3 1.8 – 6 2.8 – 1 0.8 – 0 0.0 –
Virginia 97 5.0 21 116 6.8 17 198 10.4 15 127 11.4 29
Washington 93 4.8 23 101 5.5 25 111 7.9 22 64 9.2 32
West Virginia 0 0.0 – 1 0.3 – 6 1.0 – 4 1.0 –
Wisconsin 43 2.7 36 40 2.5 40 43 4.2 37 62 18.3 12
Wyoming 4 2.4 – 5 3.7 – 1 0.8 – 0 0.0 –
Region of residence
Northeast 370 2.9 – 567 4.6 – 916 8.6 – 1,590 18.7 –
Midwest 648 4.2 – 774 4.9 – 1,079 7.8 – 1,150 15.5 –
South 2,043 10.1 – 2,428 11.8 – 3,856 14.0 – 5,231 18.9 –
West 811 5.0 – 790 5.8 – 1,020 7.6 – 2,148 12.8 –
Totalb 3,896 6.0 – 4,565 7.3 – 6,917 10.5 – 10,298 16.6 –

Abbreviation: SDOH, social determinants of health [footnotes only].

Note. Data for 2020 should be interpreted with caution due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on access to HIV testing, care-related services, and case surveillance activities in state/local jurisdictions. Data reflect the census tract of the person’s residential address at the time they received an HIV diagnosis, and the proportion of residents in the census tract with less than a high school diploma (individuals aged 18 years and older). Rates are per 100,000 population. Reported numbers less than 12, and rates based on these numbers, should be interpreted with caution. For the definitions of SDOH indicator variables used in this report, see https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/tech_docs/subject_definitions/2018_ACSSubjectDefinitions.pdf

aBased on rate. Ranks were not assigned to areas with rates that were based on reported numbers less than 12.
bTotals do not represent all adults aged ≥18 years whose HIV infection was diagnosed during 2020 in these areas. See Technical Notes for exclusion criteria.

Table 6. Diagnoses of HIV infection among adults aged ≥18 years, by median household income, assigned sex at birth, and area of residence, 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic)—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
Median household income (U.S. $)
Male sex at birth
<46,000 46,000–61,999 62,000–85,999 ≥86,000
Area of residence No. Rate Ranka No. Rate Ranka No. Rate Ranka No. Rate Ranka
Alabama 167 24.0 20 61 11.8 27 25 6.4 30 4 2.1 –
Alaska 0 0.0 – 3 5.6 – 7 5.9 – 7 6.9 –
Arizona 55 7.9 39 45 6.7 37 43 6.0 33 21 3.4 31
Arkansas 93 20.0 26 54 13.6 22 11 6.1 – 3 4.2 –
California 566 32.0 14 687 25.4 9 768 19.3 6 732 11.5 11
Colorado 47 18.3 29 73 17.0 17 74 10.3 20 56 7.0 19
Connecticut 34 22.1 23 26 14.3 19 29 8.3 26 33 4.9 27
Delaware 18 54.7 3 25 24.1 10 23 16.7 11 4 4.5 –
District of Columbia 35 106.2 1 24 76.2 1 21 55.7 1 60 37.3 1
Florida 1,020 46.1 6 735 31.0 5 500 22.1 5 241 18.1 3
Georgia 546 54.3 4 325 32.9 4 320 32.9 2 166 19.5 2
Hawaii 0 0.0 – 7 9.9 – 14 8.4 25 21 7.3 18
Idaho 7 5.1 – 13 5.5 39 6 3.0 – 3 3.9 –
Illinois 331 42.3 8 202 18.3 16 182 12.7 17 123 8.4 17
Indiana 169 27.5 19 67 9.6 31 72 8.8 23 22 6.2 22
Iowa 22 13.1 34 20 4.5 41 23 5.4 38 7 4.5 –
Kansas 37 15.6 32 19 5.3 40 16 5.9 34 15 6.7 20
Kentucky 86 13.5 33 65 13.2 23 42 11.7 18 19 10.4 14
Louisiana 278 41.3 9 103 23.4 11 72 18.5 8 28 14.6 8
Maine 3 2.8 – 3 1.7 – 3 1.6 – 1 1.6 –
Maryland 88 53.7 5 101 33.8 3 128 24.6 3 184 14.8 7
Massachusetts 30 12.4 35 24 7.8 35 20 3.0 40 29 2.1 32
Michigan 193 21.5 25 102 9.4 33 72 6.7 28 26 3.7 30
Minnesota 42 21.5 24 51 10.7 28 47 6.4 29 29 4.1 29
Mississippi 164 30.9 17 60 20.2 14 26 14.4 15 12 17.2 4
Missouri 118 18.4 28 53 7.7 36 37 6.2 31 8 2.1 –
Montana 3 3.3 – 1 0.6 – 7 5.4 – 0 0.0 –
Nebraska 9 9.4 – 25 9.4 34 12 5.5 37 4 3.0 –
Nevada 118 46.0 7 87 30.2 6 65 17.4 10 30 12.0 10
New Hampshire 1 2.9 – 7 6.7 – 12 6.2 32 3 1.5 –
New Jersey 184 54.7 2 113 26.8 8 121 14.9 13 94 5.4 25
New Mexico 32 9.6 38 23 10.7 29 8 5.0 – 6 7.8 –
New York 425 37.8 10 306 20.9 13 327 16.2 12 293 10.8 12
North Carolina 353 31.2 16 208 16.9 18 153 17.9 9 67 10.7 13
North Dakota 3 7.4 – 9 11.4 – 10 7.9 – 1 1.9 –
Ohio 359 31.8 15 148 12.3 25 112 8.8 24 45 5.9 23
Oklahoma 119 23.8 21 65 13.8 21 47 14.6 14 24 14.1 9
Oregon 25 10.6 37 42 9.5 32 42 7.3 27 36 9.8 15
Pennsylvania 283 32.7 13 134 9.8 30 86 5.7 36 61 5.4 24
Puerto Rico 199 16.8 30 18 54.5 2 3 27.4 – 0 0.0 –
Rhode Island 9 14.3 – 8 11.9 – 13 9.0 22 7 5.2 –
South Carolina 215 35.9 12 135 23.0 12 84 18.7 7 39 16.0 5
South Dakota 5 7.4 – 11 9.1 – 5 4.6 – 1 2.8 –
Tennessee 197 23.3 22 96 12.7 24 63 11.2 19 15 4.2 28
Texas 907 36.4 11 719 29.0 7 610 22.6 4 413 15.4 6
Utah 12 11.3 36 31 14.1 20 23 5.7 35 20 5.2 26
Vermont 1 2.7 – 4 5.8 – 3 2.7 – 1 3.2 –
Virginia 127 28.3 18 123 18.5 15 98 13.3 16 90 6.6 21
Washington 41 16.3 31 68 12.3 26 91 10.2 21 105 8.7 16
West Virginia 5 1.6 – 2 0.8 – 1 0.9 – 0 0.0 –
Wisconsin 64 19.3 27 44 6.5 38 32 3.8 39 10 2.6 –
Wyoming 1 3.9 – 5 7.0 – 1 1.2 – 1 2.2 –
Region of residence
Northeast 970 32.7 – 625 15.0 – 614 10.2 – 522 6.5 –
Midwest 1,352 26.0 – 751 10.5 – 620 7.8 – 291 5.4 –
South 4,418 34.6 – 2,901 23.4 – 2,224 19.9 – 1,369 13.9 –
West 907 21.6 – 1,085 17.7 – 1,149 13.5 – 1,038 9.8 –
Totalb 7,846 29.8 – 5,380 18.0 – 4,610 13.7 – 3,220 9.5 –
Table 6. Diagnoses of HIV infection among adults aged ≥18 years, by median household income, assigned sex at birth, and area of residence, 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic)—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
Median household income (U.S. $)
Female sex at birth
<46,000 46,000–61,999 62,000–85,999 ≥86,000
Area of residence No. Rate Ranka No. Rate Ranka No. Rate Ranka No. Rate Ranka
Alabama 70 8.9 9 12 2.1 20 11 2.6 – 1 0.5 –
Alaska 1 8.3 – 0 0.0 – 1 0.9 – 1 1.0 –
Arizona 6 0.8 – 9 1.3 – 6 0.8 – 6 0.9 –
Arkansas 23 4.6 22 8 1.9 – 3 1.6 – 1 1.3 –
California 87 4.8 20 80 2.9 14 89 2.1 11 96 1.5 9
Colorado 5 1.9 – 8 1.9 – 17 2.4 10 9 1.1 –
Connecticut 17 9.7 8 9 4.4 – 8 2.1 – 10 1.4 –
Delaware 5 13.2 – 6 5.0 – 5 3.4 – 0 0.0 –
District of Columbia 14 30.3 1 7 19.8 – 4 9.8 – 9 5.0 –
Florida 316 13.2 4 169 6.7 3 111 4.6 3 26 1.8 6
Georgia 167 14.8 3 90 8.5 2 63 5.9 2 35 3.9 2
Hawaii 0 0.0 – 0 0.0 – 2 1.2 – 3 1.0 –
Idaho 0 0.0 – 1 0.4 – 0 0.0 – 0 0.0 –
Illinois 75 8.7 10 48 4.1 11 28 1.8 15 15 1.0 11
Indiana 39 5.8 17 17 2.3 19 14 1.7 16 4 1.1 –
Iowa 5 2.9 – 7 1.5 – 6 1.4 – 2 1.2 –
Kansas 2 0.8 – 5 1.4 – 3 1.1 – 3 1.3 –
Kentucky 20 2.9 26 11 2.1 – 5 1.3 – 2 1.1 –
Louisiana 96 12.9 5 27 5.7 4 19 4.6 4 4 2.0 –
Maine 0 0.0 – 3 1.6 – 0 0.0 – 0 0.0 –
Maryland 20 10.3 6 44 12.8 1 42 7.3 1 55 4.1 1
Massachusetts 11 4.0 – 8 2.4 – 7 1.0 – 11 0.7 –
Michigan 47 4.7 21 17 1.5 22 5 0.4 – 7 1.0 –
Minnesota 3 1.5 – 12 2.4 18 6 0.8 – 7 1.0 –
Mississippi 39 6.6 16 16 4.9 7 4 2.1 – 1 1.3 –
Missouri 20 2.8 27 6 0.8 – 2 0.3 – 3 0.8 –
Montana 0 0.0 – 2 1.2 – 0 0.0 – 0 0.0 –
Nebraska 7 7.0 – 6 2.2 – 1 0.5 – 0 0.0 –
Nevada 21 8.4 14 13 4.5 10 11 2.9 – 5 2.0 –
New Hampshire 1 2.8 – 0 0.0 – 2 1.0 – 0 0.0 –
New Jersey 66 17.3 2 24 5.2 6 17 1.9 13 27 1.4 10
New Mexico 2 0.6 – 2 0.9 – 0 0.0 – 0 0.0 –
New York 130 9.8 7 73 4.6 9 75 3.5 7 45 1.5 8
North Carolina 68 5.4 19 52 3.9 12 23 2.5 9 17 2.5 3
North Dakota 3 7.8 – 2 2.6 – 4 3.3 – 0 0.0 –
Ohio 82 6.6 15 35 2.7 16 25 1.9 14 4 0.5 –
Oklahoma 18 3.5 25 14 2.9 15 8 2.4 – 3 1.7 –
Oregon 4 1.6 – 8 1.7 – 3 0.5 – 3 0.8 –
Pennsylvania 83 8.4 13 29 2.0 21 19 1.2 17 10 0.9 –
Puerto Rico 33 2.4 28 2 5.0 – 0 0.0 – 0 0.0 –
Rhode Island 7 10.0 – 2 2.7 – 3 1.9 – 0 0.0 –
South Carolina 58 8.7 11 36 5.6 5 18 3.7 6 10 3.8 –
South Dakota 2 3.0 – 1 0.9 – 3 2.8 – 1 2.6 –
Tennessee 40 4.3 24 20 2.5 17 9 1.5 – 4 1.0 –
Texas 221 8.4 12 125 4.9 8 103 3.7 5 68 2.4 4
Utah 1 0.9 – 6 2.7 – 0 0.0 – 0 0.0 –
Vermont 0 0.0 – 1 1.4 – 0 0.0 – 0 0.0 –
Virginia 22 4.4 23 25 3.5 13 22 2.8 8 25 1.8 7
Washington 10 4.0 – 9 1.6 – 19 2.1 12 26 2.1 5
West Virginia 2 0.6 – 1 0.4 – 0 0.0 – 0 0.0 –
Wisconsin 20 5.5 18 8 1.2 – 5 0.6 – 5 1.3 –
Wyoming 1 4.0 – 0 0.0 – 0 0.0 – 1 2.3 –
Region of residence
Northeast 315 9.2 – 149 3.3 – 131 2.0 – 103 1.2 –
Midwest 305 5.4 – 164 2.2 – 102 1.2 – 51 0.9 –
South 1,199 8.6 – 663 5.0 – 450 3.8 – 261 2.5 –
West 138 3.2 – 138 2.2 – 148 1.7 – 150 1.4 –
Totalb 1,990 6.9 – 1,116 3.6 – 831 2.4 – 565 1.6 –
Table 6. Diagnoses of HIV infection among adults aged ≥18 years, by median household income, assigned sex at birth, and area of residence, 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic)—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
Median household income (U.S. $)
Total
<46,000 46,000–61,999 62,000–85,999 ≥86,000
Area of residence No. Rate Ranka No. Rate Ranka No. Rate Ranka No. Rate Ranka
Alabama 237 15.9 19 73 6.8 27 36 4.4 28 5 1.3 –
Alaska 1 3.9 – 3 3.1 – 8 3.5 – 8 4.0 –
Arizona 61 4.3 41 54 3.9 38 49 3.4 37 27 2.1 31
Arkansas 116 12.0 27 62 7.6 22 14 3.8 30 4 2.7 –
California 653 18.1 15 767 14.0 10 857 10.6 8 828 6.4 12
Colorado 52 10.1 31 81 9.4 18 91 6.4 18 65 4.1 20
Connecticut 51 15.5 21 35 9.0 19 37 5.1 26 43 3.1 24
Delaware 23 32.5 4 31 13.9 11 28 9.9 11 4 2.1 –
District of Columbia 49 61.9 1 31 46.3 1 25 31.8 1 69 20.3 1
Florida 1,336 29.0 6 904 18.4 5 611 13.1 4 267 9.7 3
Georgia 713 33.4 3 415 20.2 4 383 18.8 2 201 11.4 2
Hawaii 0 0.0 – 7 5.0 – 16 4.8 27 24 4.1 19
Idaho 7 2.5 – 14 3.0 42 6 1.5 – 3 2.0 –
Illinois 406 24.7 9 250 11.0 15 210 7.1 17 138 4.6 17
Indiana 208 16.1 18 84 5.8 29 86 5.2 25 26 3.6 22
Iowa 27 7.9 37 27 3.0 41 29 3.4 36 9 2.8 –
Kansas 39 8.2 33 24 3.3 40 19 3.4 34 18 3.9 21
Kentucky 106 8.0 35 76 7.5 23 47 6.4 19 21 5.7 14
Louisiana 374 26.4 8 130 14.3 9 91 11.3 6 32 8.2 8
Maine 3 1.3 – 6 1.7 – 3 0.8 – 1 0.8 –
Maryland 108 30.2 5 145 22.6 3 170 15.5 3 239 9.2 5
Massachusetts 41 7.9 36 32 5.0 36 27 1.9 42 40 1.4 33
Michigan 240 12.7 24 119 5.4 34 77 3.5 33 33 2.3 30
Minnesota 45 11.2 28 63 6.5 28 53 3.6 31 36 2.5 29
Mississippi 203 18.1 16 76 12.2 14 30 8.1 15 13 9.0 6
Missouri 138 10.2 29 59 4.2 37 39 3.2 38 11 1.4 –
Montana 3 1.7 – 3 0.9 – 7 2.7 – 0 0.0 –
Nebraska 16 8.2 34 31 5.7 31 13 3.0 39 4 1.5 –
Nevada 139 27.4 7 100 17.3 6 76 10.1 9 35 6.9 10
New Hampshire 2 2.8 – 7 3.3 – 14 3.6 32 3 0.7 –
New Jersey 250 34.8 2 137 15.5 8 138 8.2 14 121 3.3 23
New Mexico 34 5.0 40 25 5.6 32 8 2.5 – 6 3.9 –
New York 555 22.6 10 379 12.5 13 402 9.6 12 338 6.0 13
North Carolina 421 17.5 17 260 10.2 17 176 9.9 10 84 6.5 11
North Dakota 6 7.6 – 11 7.1 – 14 5.7 22 1 1.0 –
Ohio 441 18.6 14 183 7.3 25 137 5.3 24 49 3.1 25
Oklahoma 137 13.5 22 79 8.2 21 55 8.3 13 27 7.8 9
Oregon 29 6.0 39 50 5.5 33 45 3.9 29 39 5.2 16
Pennsylvania 366 19.8 13 163 5.8 30 105 3.4 35 71 3.1 26
Puerto Rico 232 9.2 32 20 27.3 2 3 13.0 – 0 0.0 –
Rhode Island 16 12.0 26 10 7.1 – 16 5.3 23 7 2.5 –
South Carolina 273 21.5 12 171 13.9 12 102 10.9 7 49 9.7 4
South Dakota 7 5.2 – 12 5.0 35 8 3.7 – 2 2.7 –
Tennessee 237 13.3 23 116 7.4 24 72 6.2 20 19 2.6 28
Texas 1,128 22.1 11 844 16.8 7 713 13.0 5 481 8.8 7
Utah 13 6.1 38 37 8.4 20 23 2.8 40 20 2.6 27
Vermont 1 1.3 – 5 3.5 – 3 1.3 – 1 1.6 –
Virginia 149 15.8 20 148 10.8 16 120 7.9 16 115 4.1 18
Washington 51 10.1 30 77 6.9 26 110 6.1 21 131 5.4 15
West Virginia 7 1.1 – 3 0.6 – 1 0.4 – 0 0.0 –
Wisconsin 84 12.1 25 52 3.8 39 37 2.2 41 15 1.9 32
Wyoming 2 4.0 – 5 3.5 – 1 0.6 – 2 2.2 –
Region of residence
Northeast 1,285 20.2 – 774 9.0 – 745 6.0 – 625 3.7 –
Midwest 1,657 15.2 – 915 6.2 – 722 4.5 – 342 3.1 –
South 5,617 21.0 – 3,564 14.0 – 2,674 11.6 – 1,630 8.0 –
West 1,045 12.3 – 1,223 9.9 – 1,297 7.5 – 1,188 5.5 –
Totalb 9,836 17.9 – 6,496 10.6 – 5,441 7.9 – 3,785 5.4 –

Abbreviation: SDOH, social determinants of health [footnotes only].

Note. Data for 2020 should be interpreted with caution due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on access to HIV testing, care-related services, and case surveillance activities in state/local jurisdictions. Data reflect the census tract of the person’s residential address at the time they received an HIV diagnosis, and the median income (based on all age groups) for a household within the census tract during the 12 months before the survey response. Rates are per 100,000 population. Reported numbers less than 12, and rates based on these numbers, should be interpreted with caution. For the definitions of SDOH indicator variables used in this report, see https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/tech_docs/subject_definitions/2020_ACSSubjectDefinitions.pdf.

aBased on rate. Ranks were not assigned to areas with rates that were based on reported numbers less than 12.
bTotals do not represent all adults aged ≥18 years whose HIV infection was diagnosed during 2020 in these areas. See Technical Notes for exclusion criteria.

Table 7. Diagnoses of HIV infection among adults aged ≥18 years, by percentage without health insurance, assigned sex at birth, and area of residence, 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic)—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
Without health insurance (%)
Male sex at birth
<4 4.00-7.99 8.00-13.99 ≥14
Area of residence No. Rate Ranka No. Rate Ranka No. Rate Ranka No. Rate Ranka
Alabama 8 3.7 – 37 9.6 25 81 12.6 27 131 23.3 20
Alaska 0 0.0 – 2 4.5 – 6 5.7 – 9 7.2 –
Arizona 14 2.5 32 31 5.0 42 53 7.0 38 66 8.6 34
Arkansas 9 6.0 – 48 13.4 19 64 15.5 23 43 21.6 23
California 437 10.2 10 714 16.5 13 784 22.1 10 829 30.2 12
Colorado 44 7.9 17 65 9.7 24 67 11.6 30 75 18.6 27
Connecticut 39 5.5 25 26 7.5 35 33 19.0 14 24 18.6 26
Delaware 14 11.5 9 33 24.7 3 16 17.2 19 7 43.7 –
District of Columbia 69 44.6 1 48 62.0 1 21 65.4 1 2 38.5 –
Florida 86 12.2 7 256 17.7 12 597 24.8 8 1,573 43.1 4
Georgia 93 26.2 2 146 27.0 2 313 28.8 3 815 44.0 3
Hawaii 19 6.3 24 15 7.9 32 7 12.7 – 1 12.5 –
Idaho 1 1.8 – 5 3.4 – 6 3.1 – 17 6.7 35
Illinois 130 8.4 16 228 15.6 14 259 25.7 7 221 28.6 13
Indiana 49 9.3 14 83 9.3 27 96 13.5 26 102 28.5 15
Iowa 20 3.7 30 32 7.6 34 14 7.9 36 6 10.5 –
Kansas 12 5.4 26 26 8.3 31 25 7.6 37 24 10.5 33
Kentucky 53 9.3 13 88 13.2 20 59 16.6 20 13 15.6 31
Louisiana 45 20.6 3 83 18.4 9 184 28.2 4 176 44.7 2
Maine 1 1.5 – 5 2.7 – 4 1.7 – 0 0.0 –
Maryland 130 13.8 4 155 21.3 4 121 39.1 2 97 38.7 5
Massachusetts 47 2.4 33 40 7.3 38 10 7.4 – 6 23.0 –
Michigan 95 7.1 18 138 9.2 28 124 15.9 22 43 24.5 19
Minnesota 51 5.1 27 57 7.3 37 46 16.3 21 15 24.8 18
Mississippi 4 6.7 – 24 18.5 8 62 18.5 16 174 31.1 10
Missouri 19 4.7 29 38 7.4 36 49 6.4 39 110 17.8 29
Montana 3 6.4 – 7 4.2 – 1 0.6 – 0 0.0 –
Nebraska 4 2.6 – 16 6.7 39 18 9.7 33 12 8.7 –
Nevada 11 7.7 – 41 14.2 18 67 20.1 13 182 45.1 1
New Hampshire 4 2.5 – 7 3.4 – 9 6.8 – 3 7.1 –
New Jersey 58 4.8 28 78 9.1 29 137 22.3 9 239 37.4 6
New Mexico 8 5.4 – 26 12.9 21 22 9.3 34 13 6.5 36
New York 311 9.8 11 452 20.5 5 378 28.1 5 216 34.0 8
North Carolina 42 9.5 12 121 15.3 15 226 17.8 18 392 28.6 14
North Dakota 7 9.1 – 8 6.5 – 6 8.4 – 2 7.6 –
Ohio 98 6.6 21 242 15.2 16 208 21.1 11 119 36.1 7
Oklahoma 8 12.0 – 31 18.3 10 53 13.6 25 163 19.4 25
Oregon 24 6.6 22 47 7.6 33 48 9.7 32 27 18.1 28
Pennsylvania 141 6.8 20 198 11.6 22 163 20.8 12 67 20.2 24
Puerto Rico 24 13.3 5 100 17.9 11 74 18.0 17 22 26.2 17
Rhode Island 16 7.0 19 17 14.9 17 3 6.0 – 1 5.9 –
South Carolina 24 11.9 8 82 19.6 6 168 26.2 6 199 31.6 9
South Dakota 1 2.2 – 4 3.6 – 10 9.2 – 7 10.4 –
Tennessee 11 4.1 – 53 9.0 30 118 12.1 28 189 27.1 16
Texas 89 13.2 6 240 19.1 7 385 18.6 15 1,945 30.3 11
Utah 6 2.9 – 21 6.7 40 30 8.7 35 29 11.9 32
Vermont 3 2.8 – 4 3.3 – 2 9.6 – 0 0.0 –
Virginia 43 6.6 23 111 11.1 23 147 15.4 24 141 23.0 21
Washington 78 8.5 15 96 9.5 26 79 11.5 31 52 17.6 30
West Virginia 0 0.0 – 5 1.5 – 3 1.4 – 0 0.0 –
Wisconsin 31 3.4 31 48 5.8 41 44 11.9 29 27 21.7 22
Wyoming 0 0.0 – 0 0.0 – 4 4.3 – 4 5.0 –
Region of residence
Northeast 620 6.4 – 827 13.1 – 739 21.2 – 556 29.9 –
Midwest 517 6.3 – 920 10.5 – 899 15.6 – 688 23.3 –
South 728 12.3 – 1,561 16.5 – 2,618 20.4 – 6,060 33.3 –
West 645 8.5 – 1,070 12.3 – 1,174 15.5 – 1,304 22.8 –
Totalb 2,534 8.0 – 4,478 13.3 – 5,504 18.3 – 8,630 30.0 –
Table 7. Diagnoses of HIV infection among adults aged ≥18 years, by percentage without health insurance, assigned sex at birth, and area of residence, 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic)—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
Without health insurance (%)
Female sex at birth
<4 4.00-7.99 8.00-13.99 ≥14
Area of residence No. Rate Ranka No. Rate Ranka No. Rate Ranka No. Rate Ranka
Alabama 2 0.8 – 7 1.7 – 31 4.4 15 54 8.7 7
Alaska 0 0.0 – 0 0.0 – 2 2.0 – 1 0.9 –
Arizona 2 0.3 – 7 1.1 – 10 1.3 – 8 1.0 –
Arkansas 1 0.6 – 5 1.3 – 22 5.0 9 7 3.4 –
California 55 1.2 7 92 2.0 15 100 2.7 22 106 3.9 21
Colorado 4 0.7 – 12 1.8 16 12 2.1 23 11 2.8 –
Connecticut 11 1.4 – 9 2.4 – 13 6.7 5 11 8.1 –
Delaware 0 0.0 – 8 5.5 – 6 5.9 – 2 12.5 –
District of Columbia 18 10.1 1 8 9.3 – 8 21.3 – 2 35.9 –
Florida 9 1.1 – 65 4.1 6 127 4.9 11 423 11.1 3
Georgia 14 3.8 2 34 5.9 2 87 7.2 3 223 11.0 4
Hawaii 2 0.7 – 2 1.0 – 0 0.0 – 1 11.3 –
Idaho 0 0.0 – 0 0.0 – 0 0.0 – 1 0.4 –
Illinois 18 1.1 11 44 2.8 8 63 5.7 8 43 5.6 17
Indiana 11 2.0 – 15 1.6 18 23 3.0 19 25 6.6 11
Iowa 8 1.4 – 8 1.9 – 4 2.3 – 0 0.0 –
Kansas 2 0.9 – 2 0.6 – 4 1.2 – 5 2.2 –
Kentucky 4 0.7 – 17 2.4 13 13 3.5 17 4 4.8 –
Louisiana 10 4.3 – 23 4.7 4 57 8.0 1 57 13.9 1
Maine 0 0.0 – 2 1.0 – 1 0.4 – 0 0.0 –
Maryland 34 3.3 3 66 8.1 1 26 7.4 2 35 13.5 2
Massachusetts 22 1.0 13 9 1.5 – 5 3.6 – 2 7.8 –
Michigan 16 1.1 10 17 1.1 20 31 3.8 16 12 6.5 12
Minnesota 8 0.8 – 11 1.4 – 6 2.1 – 3 5.0 –
Mississippi 2 2.9 – 4 2.9 – 17 4.7 13 37 6.0 16
Missouri 3 0.7 – 4 0.7 – 12 1.5 25 12 1.8 23
Montana 0 0.0 – 0 0.0 – 2 1.3 – 0 0.0 –
Nebraska 0 0.0 – 1 0.4 – 6 3.1 – 7 5.1 –
Nevada 0 0.0 – 10 3.4 – 15 4.4 14 25 6.4 13
New Hampshire 0 0.0 – 2 0.9 – 1 0.8 – 0 0.0 –
New Jersey 15 1.1 8 23 2.5 12 32 4.8 12 64 9.5 6
New Mexico 0 0.0 – 1 0.5 – 1 0.4 – 2 1.0 –
New York 58 1.7 6 117 4.8 3 102 6.8 4 47 7.2 9
North Carolina 12 2.6 4 26 3.0 7 42 3.0 20 80 5.4 18
North Dakota 0 0.0 – 5 4.2 – 2 3.0 – 2 8.0 –
Ohio 17 1.1 12 45 2.6 10 51 4.9 10 35 10.2 5
Oklahoma 3 4.5 – 1 0.5 – 10 2.5 – 29 3.3 22
Oregon 1 0.3 – 5 0.8 – 8 1.6 – 4 2.6 –
Pennsylvania 25 1.1 9 43 2.3 14 56 6.6 6 18 5.2 19
Puerto Rico 6 2.9 – 11 1.7 – 9 1.9 – 9 9.7 –
Rhode Island 3 1.2 – 3 2.4 – 3 5.5 – 3 18.5 –
South Carolina 8 3.6 – 20 4.4 5 45 6.3 7 50 7.3 8
South Dakota 0 0.0 – 1 0.9 – 2 1.8 – 4 6.3 –
Tennessee 3 1.0 – 10 1.6 – 15 1.4 26 46 6.1 14
Texas 15 2.2 5 34 2.6 11 72 3.3 18 399 6.0 15
Utah 0 0.0 – 1 0.3 – 1 0.3 – 5 2.1 –
Vermont 1 0.9 – 0 0.0 – 0 0.0 – 0 0.0 –
Virginia 5 0.7 – 18 1.7 17 28 2.8 21 45 7.0 10
Washington 10 1.1 – 28 2.7 9 12 1.8 24 14 4.9 20
West Virginia 0 0.0 – 2 0.6 – 1 0.5 – 0 0.0 –
Wisconsin 7 0.7 – 12 1.4 19 11 2.9 – 8 6.4 –
Wyoming 0 0.0 – 0 0.0 – 1 1.1 – 1 1.4 –
Region of residence
Northeast 135 1.3 – 208 3.1 – 213 5.6 – 145 7.5 –
Midwest 90 1.0 – 165 1.8 – 215 3.5 – 156 5.1 –
South 140 2.2 – 348 3.4 – 607 4.4 – 1,493 7.8 –
West 74 0.9 – 158 1.8 – 164 2.1 – 179 3.2 –
Totalb 445 1.3 – 890 2.5 – 1,208 3.8 – 1,982 6.6 –
Table 7. Diagnoses of HIV infection among adults aged ≥18 years, by percentage without health insurance, assigned sex at birth, and area of residence, 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic)—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
Without health insurance (%)
Total
<4 4.00-7.99 8.00-13.99 ≥14
Area of residence No. Rate Ranka No. Rate Ranka No. Rate Ranka No. Rate Ranka
Alabama 10 2.2 – 44 5.5 27 112 8.3 25 185 15.7 18
Alaska 0 0.0 – 2 2.3 – 8 3.9 – 10 4.3 –
Arizona 16 1.4 34 38 3.0 43 63 4.1 40 74 4.8 35
Arkansas 10 3.2 – 53 7.2 20 86 10.1 19 50 12.4 25
California 492 5.6 10 806 9.1 12 884 12.2 13 935 17.0 15
Colorado 48 4.3 17 77 5.7 25 79 6.9 29 86 10.9 28
Connecticut 50 3.4 24 35 4.8 32 46 12.5 12 35 13.3 23
Delaware 14 5.5 13 41 14.7 3 22 11.3 16 9 28.0 –
District of Columbia 87 26.2 1 56 34.3 1 29 41.7 1 4 37.2 –
Florida 95 6.4 8 321 10.6 9 724 14.4 8 1,996 26.8 3
Georgia 107 14.7 2 180 16.1 2 400 17.5 4 1,038 26.8 2
Hawaii 21 3.5 23 17 4.4 34 7 6.3 – 2 11.9 –
Idaho 1 0.9 – 5 1.7 – 6 1.5 – 18 3.6 37
Illinois 148 4.6 16 272 9.0 14 322 15.3 7 264 17.1 14
Indiana 60 5.5 11 98 5.3 29 119 8.1 26 127 17.3 13
Iowa 28 2.5 30 40 4.7 33 18 5.1 36 6 5.3 –
Kansas 14 3.1 26 28 4.4 35 29 4.3 39 29 6.3 34
Kentucky 57 4.9 14 105 7.6 19 72 9.8 20 17 10.2 30
Louisiana 55 12.2 3 106 11.2 7 241 17.7 3 233 28.9 1
Maine 1 0.7 – 7 1.8 – 5 1.0 – 0 0.0 –
Maryland 164 8.3 4 221 14.3 4 147 22.2 2 132 25.9 5
Massachusetts 69 1.7 33 49 4.3 37 15 5.4 35 8 15.5 –
Michigan 111 4.0 18 155 5.0 31 155 9.7 21 55 15.3 19
Minnesota 59 2.9 27 68 4.3 36 52 9.2 23 18 15.0 20
Mississippi 6 4.7 – 28 10.4 10 79 11.3 15 211 17.9 11
Missouri 22 2.6 29 42 3.9 39 61 3.9 41 122 9.5 31
Montana 3 3.2 – 7 2.1 – 3 1.0 – 0 0.0 –
Nebraska 4 1.3 – 17 3.5 41 24 6.4 32 19 6.9 33
Nevada 11 3.7 – 51 8.7 16 82 12.2 14 207 26.1 4
New Hampshire 4 1.2 – 9 2.1 – 10 3.8 – 3 3.6 –
New Jersey 73 2.9 28 101 5.7 26 169 13.2 10 303 23.1 6
New Mexico 8 2.6 – 27 6.5 22 23 4.8 37 15 3.7 36
New York 369 5.5 12 569 12.3 5 480 16.9 5 263 20.5 8
North Carolina 54 6.0 9 147 8.9 15 268 10.1 18 472 16.5 16
North Dakota 7 4.6 – 13 5.4 28 8 5.8 – 4 7.8 –
Ohio 115 3.8 21 287 8.6 17 259 12.8 11 154 22.9 7
Oklahoma 11 8.3 – 32 9.0 13 63 7.9 27 192 11.2 27
Oregon 25 3.3 25 52 4.1 38 56 5.6 33 31 10.3 29
Pennsylvania 166 3.9 20 241 6.8 21 219 13.5 9 85 12.5 24
Puerto Rico 30 7.8 5 111 9.3 11 83 9.4 22 31 17.5 12
Rhode Island 19 4.0 19 20 8.3 18 6 5.8 – 4 12.1 –
South Carolina 32 7.6 7 102 11.7 6 213 15.7 6 249 18.9 9
South Dakota 1 1.1 – 5 2.3 – 12 5.5 34 11 8.4 –
Tennessee 14 2.5 31 63 5.1 30 133 6.6 31 235 16.2 17
Texas 104 7.7 6 274 10.6 8 457 10.8 17 2,344 18.0 10
Utah 6 1.4 – 22 3.5 42 31 4.5 38 34 7.0 32
Vermont 4 1.8 – 4 1.6 – 2 4.8 – 0 0.0 –
Virginia 48 3.6 22 129 6.2 23 175 8.9 24 186 14.8 21
Washington 88 4.8 15 124 6.0 24 91 6.7 30 66 11.4 26
West Virginia 0 0.0 – 7 1.1 – 4 0.9 – 0 0.0 –
Wisconsin 38 2.1 32 60 3.6 40 55 7.3 28 35 14.0 22
Wyoming 0 0.0 – 0 0.0 – 5 2.7 – 5 3.3 –
Region of residence
Northeast 755 3.7 – 1,035 7.9 – 952 13.1 – 701 18.5 –
Midwest 607 3.6 – 1,085 6.0 – 1,114 9.4 – 844 14.1 –
South 868 7.1 – 1,909 9.7 – 3,225 12.1 – 7,553 20.2 –
West 719 4.6 – 1,228 7.0 – 1,338 8.7 – 1,483 13.0 –
Totalb 2,979 4.6 – 5,368 7.7 – 6,712 10.8 – 10,612 18.1 –

Abbreviation: SDOH, social determinants of health [footnotes only].

Note. Data for 2020 should be interpreted with caution due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on access to HIV testing, care-related services, and case surveillance activities in state/local jurisdictions. Data reflect the census tract of the person’s residential address at the time they received an HIV diagnosis, and the proportion of residents within the census tract without health insurance or health coverage plan (individuals aged 18 years and older). Rates are per 100,000 population. Reported numbers less than 12, and rates based on these numbers, should be interpreted with caution. For the definitions of SDOH indicator variables used in this report, see https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/tech_docs/subject_definitions/2020_ACSSubjectDefinitions.pdf.

aBased on rate. Ranks were not assigned to areas with rates that were based on reported numbers less than 12.
bTotals do not represent all adults aged ≥18 years whose HIV infection was diagnosed during 2020 in these areas. See Technical Notes for exclusion criteria.

Table 8. Diagnoses of HIV infection among adults aged ≥18 years, by GINI index percentage, assigned sex at birth, and area of residence, 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic)—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
Gini index (%)
Male sex at birth
<37 37.00-40.99 41.00-45.99 ≥46
Area of residence No. Rate Ranka No. Rate Ranka No. Rate Ranka No. Rate Ranka
Alabama 33 10.1 20 56 13.9 16 85 15.5 17 83 15.6 28
Alaska 9 10.0 – 4 3.8 – 1 1.4 – 3 12.4 –
Arizona 40 4.7 35 43 6.2 36 42 6.6 40 39 7.5 38
Arkansas 26 15.7 12 27 10.1 26 47 13.7 20 63 18.5 23
California 548 15.5 13 663 18.2 13 796 18.7 11 756 21.9 18
Colorado 80 10.5 19 53 10.7 24 71 12.9 22 47 11.9 32
Connecticut 22 8.9 26 29 8.1 29 31 7.5 39 40 11.6 33
Delaware 14 14.5 14 19 18.7 12 17 17.5 13 20 28.9 9
District of Columbia 17 58.7 1 17 51.3 1 23 36.9 1 83 58.3 1
Florida 466 25.6 3 558 27.9 4 730 32.0 3 756 36.2 3
Georgia 365 33.9 2 295 33.4 2 319 33.5 2 387 42.1 2
Hawaii 9 4.9 – 9 6.8 – 14 10.2 30 10 9.9 –
Idaho 10 5.0 – 5 3.1 – 10 5.4 – 4 3.8 –
Illinois 104 9.6 25 181 14.0 15 256 19.4 10 297 27.3 11
Indiana 75 9.8 23 94 12.7 22 68 11.8 25 93 22.9 15
Iowa 17 6.0 31 21 5.3 39 19 5.8 41 15 8.4 36
Kansas 19 5.7 33 22 7.1 32 25 9.2 34 21 12.1 30
Kentucky 40 12.0 16 51 13.6 18 60 13.4 21 62 11.9 31
Louisiana 57 20.5 7 92 26.7 5 114 25.4 6 225 34.9 4
Maine 4 3.9 – 1 0.8 – 2 1.0 – 3 2.9 –
Maryland 170 20.5 8 122 20.1 10 107 22.9 9 104 32.0 6
Massachusetts 9 2.0 – 22 3.3 40 28 3.5 42 44 6.0 39
Michigan 66 6.9 29 87 7.9 30 117 11.7 26 130 18.0 24
Minnesota 20 3.5 36 41 6.2 35 51 9.2 35 57 17.1 26
Mississippi 35 19.4 11 45 22.9 7 85 28.0 5 99 24.6 13
Missouri 34 5.3 34 58 9.0 28 51 9.0 36 73 16.3 27
Montana 1 1.6 – 0 0.0 – 3 2.1 – 7 5.9 –
Nebraska 11 5.6 – 15 7.0 33 19 9.7 32 5 4.7 –
Nevada 73 20.3 9 65 22.5 9 90 29.4 4 73 34.1 5
New Hampshire 5 3.1 – 5 3.0 – 6 5.0 – 7 7.6 –
New Jersey 74 9.8 24 114 12.9 20 130 14.0 19 194 25.5 12
New Mexico 8 5.8 – 19 10.4 25 21 9.3 33 21 8.7 35
New York 136 11.2 17 213 12.8 21 340 16.6 15 666 27.6 10
North Carolina 183 21.8 5 180 19.3 11 209 18.2 12 209 22.0 17
North Dakota 4 8.1 – 7 9.0 – 8 7.9 – 4 5.8 –
Ohio 131 10.9 18 150 12.3 23 192 17.0 14 194 23.4 14
Oklahoma 70 20.9 6 54 14.6 14 62 14.1 18 69 21.3 20
Oregon 40 9.8 22 29 6.8 34 43 8.9 37 34 11.1 34
Pennsylvania 76 7.7 28 115 7.9 31 162 11.0 27 216 22.4 16
Puerto Rico 3 17.9 – 26 32.5 3 37 12.0 24 154 18.6 22
Rhode Island 8 8.5 – 6 6.4 – 13 10.5 29 10 10.2 –
South Carolina 75 20.0 10 98 22.5 8 131 24.1 8 169 31.6 7
South Dakota 8 8.7 – 2 2.7 – 7 6.8 – 5 7.8 –
Tennessee 71 13.4 15 79 13.3 19 83 10.9 28 138 21.6 19
Texas 772 23.8 4 595 24.5 6 618 24.4 7 674 30.6 8
Utah 34 6.1 30 15 5.8 38 23 12.9 23 14 12.2 29
Vermont 2 5.7 – 2 3.0 – 4 4.4 – 1 1.8 –
Virginia 116 10.0 21 107 13.8 17 112 15.6 16 107 19.0 21
Washington 70 8.0 27 74 9.4 27 77 10.1 31 84 17.3 25
West Virginia 0 0.0 – 3 1.7 – 1 0.4 – 4 1.9 –
Wisconsin 31 5.8 32 42 5.8 37 49 7.6 38 28 8.3 37
Wyoming 3 4.2 – 0 0.0 – 4 6.5 – 1 2.5 –
Region of residence
Northeast 336 8.3 – 507 9.2 – 716 11.6 – 1,181 21.3 –
Midwest 520 7.8 – 720 9.7 – 862 12.7 – 922 19.4 –
South 2,510 21.5 – 2,398 22.0 – 2,803 22.7 – 3,252 28.5 –
West 925 11.4 – 979 13.4 – 1,195 15.0 – 1,093 17.9 –
Totalb 4,294 14.0 – 4,630 14.8 – 5,613 16.7 – 6,602 23.0 –
Table 8. Diagnoses of HIV infection among adults aged ≥18 years, by GINI index percentage, assigned sex at birth, and area of residence, 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic)—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
Gini index (%)
Female sex at birth
<37 37.00-40.99 41.00-45.99 ≥46
Area of residence No. Rate Ranka No. Rate Ranka No. Rate Ranka No. Rate Ranka
Alabama 4 1.1 – 16 3.6 8 30 5.0 8 44 7.4 7
Alaska 1 1.2 – 0 0.0 – 1 1.6 – 1 4.4 –
Arizona 9 1.0 – 8 1.1 – 7 1.0 – 3 0.6 –
Arkansas 4 2.3 – 10 3.6 – 7 1.9 – 14 3.8 18
California 67 1.9 17 91 2.4 15 98 2.2 23 97 2.7 24
Colorado 16 2.1 15 7 1.4 – 10 1.8 – 6 1.5 –
Connecticut 2 0.8 – 10 2.7 – 18 3.9 13 14 3.7 19
Delaware 3 3.0 – 4 3.6 – 2 1.8 – 7 9.0 –
District of Columbia 1 3.6 – 2 5.4 – 3 4.3 – 28 16.7 1
Florida 119 6.2 5 152 7.1 2 181 7.4 3 172 7.6 6
Georgia 86 7.4 1 87 9.1 1 87 8.4 2 97 9.5 2
Hawaii 2 1.2 – 2 1.5 – 0 0.0 – 1 0.9 –
Idaho 1 0.5 – 0 0.0 – 0 0.0 – 0 0.0 –
Illinois 22 2.0 16 30 2.2 16 47 3.3 15 69 5.8 11
Indiana 20 2.5 12 17 2.2 17 15 2.4 20 22 5.1 14
Iowa 5 1.7 – 4 1.0 – 7 2.0 – 4 2.2 –
Kansas 4 1.2 – 3 0.9 – 3 1.1 – 3 1.7 –
Kentucky 4 1.1 – 6 1.5 – 14 3.0 16 14 2.5 25
Louisiana 18 6.3 4 23 6.2 3 42 8.6 1 64 9.1 3
Maine 0 0.0 – 1 0.8 – 1 0.5 – 1 0.9 –
Maryland 61 6.8 2 41 6.2 4 31 6.0 5 28 7.4 8
Massachusetts 6 1.3 – 4 0.6 – 10 1.2 – 18 2.2 27
Michigan 12 1.2 20 15 1.3 22 25 2.3 21 24 3.1 22
Minnesota 8 1.4 – 8 1.2 – 8 1.4 – 4 1.1 –
Mississippi 13 6.8 3 12 5.5 5 17 5.1 7 18 4.0 17
Missouri 10 1.5 – 12 1.7 20 3 0.5 – 6 1.2 –
Montana 1 1.6 – 1 1.1 – 0 0.0 – 0 0.0 –
Nebraska 3 1.5 – 4 1.8 – 4 2.0 – 3 2.7 –
Nevada 11 3.1 – 8 2.7 – 18 5.8 6 13 6.2 9
New Hampshire 0 0.0 – 2 1.2 – 1 0.8 – 0 0.0 –
New Jersey 12 1.5 19 17 1.8 19 40 4.0 12 65 7.8 5
New Mexico 0 0.0 – 0 0.0 – 1 0.4 – 3 1.2 –
New York 33 2.6 10 46 2.6 14 85 3.8 14 159 5.7 12
North Carolina 23 2.6 9 36 3.5 9 58 4.6 10 43 4.1 16
North Dakota 1 2.1 – 4 5.4 – 3 3.1 – 1 1.5 –
Ohio 30 2.4 13 36 2.8 13 52 4.3 11 30 3.3 20
Oklahoma 5 1.4 – 13 3.4 10 9 2.0 – 16 4.7 15
Oregon 7 1.7 – 2 0.5 – 5 1.0 – 4 1.2 –
Pennsylvania 16 1.6 18 26 1.7 21 36 2.3 22 64 5.9 10
Puerto Rico 0 0.0 – 7 7.6 – 5 1.4 – 23 2.4 26
Rhode Island 0 0.0 – 1 1.0 – 7 5.1 – 4 3.6 –
South Carolina 15 3.7 7 23 4.8 6 38 6.3 4 47 7.9 4
South Dakota 2 2.2 – 1 1.4 – 2 2.0 – 2 3.0 –
Tennessee 17 3.1 8 13 2.0 18 21 2.6 18 23 3.2 21
Texas 156 4.7 6 104 4.1 7 130 4.9 9 130 5.6 13
Utah 2 0.4 – 1 0.4 – 2 1.1 – 2 1.7 –
Vermont 0 0.0 – 1 1.5 – 0 0.0 – 0 0.0 –
Virginia 31 2.6 11 24 3.0 11 23 3.0 17 18 2.9 23
Washington 19 2.2 14 22 2.8 12 12 1.5 24 11 2.2 –
West Virginia 0 0.0 – 1 0.6 – 0 0.0 – 2 0.9 –
Wisconsin 4 0.8 – 8 1.1 – 17 2.5 19 9 2.5 –
Wyoming 0 0.0 – 0 0.0 – 1 1.7 – 1 2.5 –
Region of residence
Northeast 69 1.6 – 108 1.9 – 198 3.0 – 325 5.2 –
Midwest 121 1.8 – 142 1.8 – 186 2.6 – 177 3.5 –
South 560 4.6 – 567 4.9 – 693 5.2 – 765 6.2 –
West 136 1.7 – 142 1.9 – 155 1.9 – 142 2.2 –
Totalb 886 2.8 – 966 2.9 – 1,237 3.5 – 1,432 4.6 –
Table 8. Diagnoses of HIV infection among adults aged ≥18 years, by GINI index percentage, assigned sex at birth, and area of residence, 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic)—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
Gini index (%)
Total
<37 37.00-40.99 41.00-45.99 ≥46
Area of residence No. Rate Ranka No. Rate Ranka No. Rate Ranka No. Rate Ranka
Alabama 37 5.5 25 72 8.5 15 115 10.0 14 127 11.3 21
Alaska 10 5.9 – 4 2.0 – 2 1.5 – 4 8.6 –
Arizona 49 2.8 36 51 3.6 35 49 3.8 41 42 4.0 40
Arkansas 30 8.8 12 37 6.8 24 54 7.6 22 77 10.9 22
California 615 8.6 13 754 10.2 13 894 10.3 13 853 12.0 19
Colorado 96 6.3 19 60 6.0 26 81 7.3 23 53 6.7 33
Connecticut 24 4.8 27 39 5.3 27 49 5.6 32 54 7.5 29
Delaware 17 8.6 14 23 10.8 12 19 9.2 16 27 18.4 8
District of Columbia 18 31.6 1 19 27.1 1 26 19.6 2 111 35.8 1
Florida 585 15.6 3 710 17.1 4 911 19.3 3 928 21.4 4
Georgia 451 20.1 2 382 20.8 2 406 20.4 1 484 25.0 2
Hawaii 11 3.1 – 11 4.1 – 14 5.0 35 11 5.2 –
Idaho 11 2.8 – 5 1.5 – 10 2.7 – 4 1.9 –
Illinois 126 5.7 22 211 7.9 17 303 11.1 11 366 16.1 11
Indiana 95 6.1 21 111 7.3 22 83 6.9 25 115 13.7 14
Iowa 22 3.9 30 25 3.1 38 26 3.9 40 19 5.2 37
Kansas 23 3.4 32 25 4.0 33 28 5.0 34 24 6.9 32
Kentucky 44 6.4 18 57 7.4 20 74 8.1 19 76 7.1 30
Louisiana 75 13.3 6 115 16.1 5 156 16.7 5 289 21.5 3
Maine 4 1.9 – 2 0.8 – 3 0.7 – 4 1.8 –
Maryland 231 13.4 5 163 12.8 9 138 14.0 9 132 18.7 7
Massachusetts 15 1.6 38 26 1.9 40 38 2.3 42 62 4.0 39
Michigan 78 4.0 29 102 4.5 31 142 6.8 26 154 10.2 24
Minnesota 28 2.4 37 49 3.7 34 59 5.2 33 61 8.9 27
Mississippi 48 13.0 7 57 13.8 7 102 15.9 6 117 13.8 13
Missouri 44 3.4 33 70 5.3 28 54 4.6 39 79 8.5 28
Montana 2 1.6 – 1 0.6 – 3 1.0 – 7 2.9 –
Nebraska 14 3.5 31 19 4.4 32 23 5.8 30 8 3.7 –
Nevada 84 11.7 9 73 12.5 10 108 17.5 4 86 20.2 5
New Hampshire 5 1.6 – 7 2.1 – 7 2.8 – 7 3.8 –
New Jersey 86 5.5 24 131 7.2 23 170 8.8 18 259 16.2 10
New Mexico 8 2.8 – 19 5.1 29 22 4.7 38 24 4.9 38
New York 169 6.8 16 259 7.5 18 425 10.0 15 825 15.9 12
North Carolina 206 12.0 8 216 11.1 11 267 11.1 10 252 12.6 18
North Dakota 5 5.1 – 11 7.2 – 11 5.5 – 5 3.7 –
Ohio 161 6.6 17 186 7.4 21 244 10.4 12 224 12.8 16
Oklahoma 75 11.0 11 67 8.9 14 71 8.0 20 85 12.7 17
Oregon 47 5.7 23 31 3.6 36 48 4.9 37 38 6.0 35
Pennsylvania 92 4.5 28 141 4.7 30 198 6.5 28 280 13.6 15
Puerto Rico 3 8.3 – 33 19.1 3 42 6.4 29 177 10.0 25
Rhode Island 8 4.1 – 7 3.7 – 20 7.7 21 14 6.7 34
South Carolina 90 11.5 10 121 13.3 8 169 14.8 7 216 19.2 6
South Dakota 10 5.5 – 3 2.0 – 9 4.5 – 7 5.3 –
Tennessee 88 8.1 15 92 7.5 19 104 6.6 27 161 11.9 20
Texas 928 14.2 4 699 14.1 6 748 14.5 8 804 17.8 9
Utah 36 3.2 35 16 3.1 39 25 7.0 24 16 6.9 31
Vermont 2 2.8 – 3 2.3 – 4 2.1 – 1 0.9 –
Virginia 147 6.2 20 131 8.2 16 135 9.0 17 125 10.6 23
Washington 89 5.1 26 96 6.1 25 89 5.8 31 95 9.7 26
West Virginia 0 0.0 – 4 1.1 – 1 0.2 – 6 1.4 –
Wisconsin 35 3.3 34 50 3.4 37 66 5.0 36 37 5.3 36
Wyoming 3 2.2 – 0 0.0 – 5 4.1 – 2 2.5 –
Region of residence
Northeast 405 4.9 – 615 5.5 – 914 7.1 – 1,506 12.7 –
Midwest 641 4.7 – 862 5.7 – 1,048 7.5 – 1,099 11.1 –
South 3,070 12.8 – 2,965 13.1 – 3,496 13.7 – 4,017 16.9 –
West 1,061 6.5 – 1,121 7.6 – 1,350 8.3 – 1,235 9.9 –
Totalb 5,180 8.3 – 5,596 8.7 – 6,850 9.9 – 8,034 13.4 –

Abbreviation: SDOH, social determinants of health [footnotes only].

Note. Data for 2020 should be interpreted with caution due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on access to HIV testing, care-related services, and case surveillance activities in state/local jurisdictions. Data reflect the census tract of the person’s residential address at the time they received an HIV diagnosis, and the proportion of income inequality as measured by the Gini index within the census tract. Rates are per 100,000 population. Reported numbers less than 12, and rates based on these numbers, should be interpreted with caution. For the definitions of SDOH indicator variables used in this report, see https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/tech_docs/subject_definitions/2020_ACSSubjectDefinitions.pdf.

a Based on rate. Ranks were not assigned to areas with rates that were based on reported numbers less than 12.
b Totals do not represent all adults aged ≥18 years whose HIV infection was diagnosed during 2020 in these areas. See Technical Notes for exclusion criteria.

Table 9. Linkage to HIV medical care within 1 month and viral suppression within 6 months of HIV diagnosis during 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic) among adults aged ≥18 years, by age at diagnosis, assigned sex at birth, and selected social determinants of health—census tract level, 45 states and the District of Columbia
18‒24 years 25–34 years 35–44 years
Total diagnoses Linkage to Care Viral Suppression Total diagnoses Linkage to Care Viral Suppression Total diagnoses Linkage to Care Viral Suppression
≥1 CD4 or VL tests ≤1 month VL <200 copies/mL ≤6 months ≥1 CD4 or VL tests ≤1 month VL <200 copies/mL ≤6 months ≥1 CD4 or VL tests ≤1 month VL <200 copies/mL ≤6 months
No. No. % No. % No. No. % No. % No. No. % No. %
Male sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 611 499 81.7 448 73.3 1,207 1,011 83.8 864 71.6 611 507 83.0 461 75.5
6.00–9.99 686 549 80.0 478 69.7 1,416 1,169 82.6 984 69.5 649 558 86.0 473 72.9
10.00–16.99 1,113 884 79.4 771 69.3 2,212 1,844 83.4 1,561 70.6 1,024 861 84.1 728 71.1
≥17 1,767 1,423 80.5 1,204 68.1 2,917 2,383 81.7 1,976 67.7 1,296 1,054 81.3 823 63.5
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 616 517 83.9 455 73.9 1,254 1,050 83.7 877 69.9 569 485 85.2 431 75.7
5.00–8.99 767 617 80.4 525 68.4 1,427 1,188 83.3 1,035 72.5 621 526 84.7 446 71.8
9.00–15.99 1,110 884 79.6 780 70.3 2,064 1,705 82.6 1,431 69.3 965 792 82.1 663 68.7
≥16 1,688 1,341 79.4 1,143 67.7 3,009 2,464 81.9 2,043 67.9 1,426 1,178 82.6 946 66.3
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 1,716 1,363 79.4 1,166 67.9 2,804 2,264 80.7 1,896 67.6 1,200 975 81.3 763 63.6
46,000–61,999 1,045 843 80.7 725 69.4 2,015 1,682 83.5 1,408 69.9 952 791 83.1 646 67.9
62,000–85,999 842 677 80.4 585 69.5 1,719 1,440 83.8 1,208 70.3 835 711 85.1 623 74.6
≥86,000 559 460 82.3 413 73.9 1,177 993 84.4 853 72.5 581 492 84.7 444 76.4
Without health insurance (%)
<4 425 352 82.8 311 73.2 862 737 85.5 649 75.3 396 347 87.6 308 77.8
4.00–7.99 796 660 82.9 587 73.7 1,589 1,338 84.2 1,129 71.1 746 623 83.5 554 74.3
8.00–13.99 1,112 894 80.4 760 68.3 2,033 1,693 83.3 1,404 69.1 907 765 84.3 618 68.1
≥14 1,847 1,452 78.6 1,245 67.4 3,269 2,639 80.7 2,204 67.4 1,531 1,245 81.3 1,005 65.6
Gini index (%)
<37 902 729 80.8 640 71.0 1,701 1,380 81.1 1,153 67.8 697 575 82.5 481 69.0
37.00–40.99 911 735 80.7 634 69.6 1,733 1,432 82.6 1,212 69.9 800 666 83.3 560 70.0
41.00–45.99 1,123 912 81.2 782 69.6 1,988 1,662 83.6 1,387 69.8 968 802 82.9 677 69.9
≥46 1,240 978 78.9 844 68.1 2,328 1,931 82.9 1,631 70.1 1,115 937 84.0 767 68.8
Subtotala 4,447 3,559 80.0 3,082 69.3 8,139 6,706 82.4 5,643 69.3 3,798 3,156 83.1 2,627 69.2
Female sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 74 60 81.1 52 70.3 163 134 82.2 115 70.6 152 128 84.2 111 73.0
6.00–9.99 75 63 84.0 59 78.7 199 175 87.9 136 68.3 170 140 82.4 115 67.6
10.00–16.99 136 108 79.4 108 79.4 335 281 83.9 233 69.6 257 220 85.6 185 72.0
≥17 255 209 82.0 186 72.9 534 432 80.9 356 66.7 406 321 79.1 265 65.3
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 76 59 77.6 50 65.8 148 130 87.8 105 70.9 123 107 87.0 94 76.4
5.00–8.99 85 66 77.6 66 77.6 190 161 84.7 133 70.0 166 136 81.9 122 73.5
9.00–15.99 149 129 86.6 119 79.9 340 275 80.9 234 68.8 286 232 81.1 194 67.8
≥16 230 186 80.9 170 73.9 553 456 82.5 368 66.5 410 334 81.5 266 64.9
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 246 196 79.7 181 73.6 541 436 80.6 359 66.4 408 338 82.8 271 66.4
46,000–61,999 136 115 84.6 111 81.6 326 272 83.4 221 67.8 227 177 78.0 150 66.1
62,000–85,999 102 79 77.5 70 68.6 219 188 85.8 157 71.7 207 170 82.1 142 68.6
≥86,000 53 47 88.7 41 77.4 139 120 86.3 98 70.5 137 119 86.9 109 79.6
Without health insurance (%)
<4 59 51 86.4 46 78.0 100 87 87.0 79 79.0 85 73 85.9 62 72.9
4.00–7.99 89 72 80.9 66 74.2 231 198 85.7 161 69.7 199 165 82.9 152 76.4
8.00–13.99 143 114 79.7 107 74.8 325 265 81.5 227 69.8 261 218 83.5 182 69.7
≥14 249 203 81.5 186 74.7 575 472 82.1 373 64.9 440 353 80.2 280 63.6
Gini index (%)
<37 95 85 89.5 80 84.2 239 192 80.3 167 69.9 219 181 82.6 149 68.0
37.00–40.99 129 106 82.2 99 76.7 265 225 84.9 183 69.1 205 176 85.9 143 69.8
41.00–45.99 157 125 79.6 115 73.2 329 289 87.8 223 67.8 264 206 78.0 181 68.6
≥46 159 124 78.0 111 69.8 396 314 79.3 265 66.9 296 245 82.8 202 68.2
Subtotala 576 469 81.4 431 74.8 1,299 1,078 83.0 888 68.4 1,025 838 81.8 704 68.7
Total 5,023 4,028 80.2 3,513 69.9 9,438 7,784 82.5 6,531 69.2 4,823 3,994 82.8 3,331 69.1

 

Table 9. Linkage to HIV medical care within 1 month and viral suppression within 6 months of HIV diagnosis during 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic) among adults aged ≥18 years, by age at diagnosis, assigned sex at birth, and selected social determinants of health—census tract level, 45 states and the District of Columbia
45–54 years ≥55 years Total
Total diagnoses Linkage to Care Viral Suppression Total diagnoses Linkage to Care Viral Suppression Total diagnoses Linkage to Care Viral Suppression
≥1 CD4 or VL tests ≤1 month VL <200 copies/mL ≤6 months ≥1 CD4 or VL tests ≤1 month VL <200 copies/mL ≤6 months ≥1 CD4 or VL tests ≤1 month VL <200 copies/mL ≤6 months
No. No. % No. % No. No. % No. % No. No. % No. %
Male sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 398 352 88.4 300 75.4 344 311 90.4 251 73.0 3,171 2,680 84.5 2,324 73.3
6.00–9.99 425 362 85.2 293 68.9 387 328 84.8 248 64.1 3,563 2,966 83.2 2,476 69.5
10.00–16.99 636 540 84.9 463 72.8 492 433 88.0 339 68.9 5,477 4,562 83.3 3,862 70.5
≥17 795 673 84.7 531 66.8 604 488 80.8 356 58.9 7,379 6,021 81.6 4,890 66.3
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 378 331 87.6 278 73.5 334 295 88.3 247 74.0 3,151 2,678 85.0 2,288 72.6
5.00–8.99 416 358 86.1 315 75.7 348 310 89.1 244 70.1 3,579 2,999 83.8 2,565 71.7
9.00–15.99 592 501 84.6 407 68.8 476 408 85.7 309 64.9 5,207 4,290 82.4 3,590 68.9
≥16 868 737 84.9 587 67.6 671 549 81.8 396 59.0 7,662 6,269 81.8 5,115 66.8
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 772 645 83.5 509 65.9 594 483 81.3 356 59.9 7,086 5,730 80.9 4,690 66.2
46,000–61,999 560 479 85.5 397 70.9 461 398 86.3 299 64.9 5,033 4,193 83.3 3,475 69.0
62,000–85,999 527 458 86.9 391 74.2 426 371 87.1 299 70.2 4,349 3,657 84.1 3,106 71.4
≥86,000 388 339 87.4 285 73.5 337 301 89.3 236 70.0 3,042 2,585 85.0 2,231 73.3
Without health insurance (%)
<4 301 261 86.7 215 71.4 270 240 88.9 187 69.3 2,254 1,937 85.9 1,670 74.1
4.00–7.99 452 392 86.7 341 75.4 422 369 87.4 297 70.4 4,005 3,382 84.4 2,908 72.6
8.00–13.99 559 480 85.9 401 71.7 452 389 86.1 300 66.4 5,063 4,221 83.4 3,483 68.8
≥14 942 794 84.3 630 66.9 683 562 82.3 410 60.0 8,272 6,692 80.9 5,494 66.4
Gini index (%)
<37 438 378 86.3 307 70.1 351 305 86.9 235 67.0 4,089 3,367 82.3 2,816 68.9
37.00–40.99 457 377 82.5 318 69.6 416 356 85.6 267 64.2 4,317 3,566 82.6 2,991 69.3
41.00–45.99 657 569 86.6 469 71.4 474 409 86.3 322 67.9 5,210 4,354 83.6 3,637 69.8
≥46 702 603 85.9 493 70.2 586 490 83.6 370 63.1 5,971 4,939 82.7 4,105 68.7
Subtotala 2,358 2,016 85.5 1,656 70.2 1,923 1,644 85.5 1,249 65.0 20,665 17,081 82.7 14,257 69.0
Female sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 107 87 81.3 68 63.6 108 93 86.1 78 72.2 604 502 83.1 424 70.2
6.00–9.99 120 102 85.0 86 71.7 117 93 79.5 83 70.9 681 573 84.1 479 70.3
10.00–16.99 208 177 85.1 141 67.8 172 143 83.1 117 68.0 1,108 929 83.8 784 70.8
≥17 327 267 81.7 220 67.3 259 220 84.9 165 63.7 1,781 1,449 81.4 1,192 66.9
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 79 67 84.8 58 73.4 92 78 84.8 68 73.9 518 441 85.1 375 72.4
5.00–8.99 125 101 80.8 88 70.4 103 84 81.6 76 73.8 669 548 81.9 485 72.5
9.00–15.99 204 180 88.2 145 71.1 166 136 81.9 108 65.1 1,145 952 83.1 800 69.9
≥16 354 285 80.5 224 63.3 295 251 85.1 191 64.7 1,842 1,512 82.1 1,219 66.2
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 328 264 80.5 216 65.9 265 223 84.2 164 61.9 1,788 1,457 81.5 1,191 66.6
46,000–61,999 192 165 85.9 131 68.2 167 143 85.6 114 68.3 1,048 872 83.2 727 69.4
62,000–85,999 146 120 82.2 97 66.4 116 92 79.3 90 77.6 790 649 82.2 556 70.4
≥86,000 92 80 87.0 69 75.0 105 88 83.8 73 69.5 526 454 86.3 390 74.1
Without health insurance (%)
<4 70 57 81.4 48 68.6 80 68 85.0 60 75.0 394 336 85.3 295 74.9
4.00–7.99 143 119 83.2 103 72.0 134 113 84.3 98 73.1 796 667 83.8 580 72.9
8.00–13.99 203 168 82.8 149 73.4 166 136 81.9 114 68.7 1,098 901 82.1 779 70.9
≥14 346 289 83.5 215 62.1 276 232 84.1 171 62.0 1,886 1,549 82.1 1,225 65.0
Gini index (%)
<37 168 141 83.9 108 64.3 132 118 89.4 94 71.2 853 717 84.1 598 70.1
37.00–40.99 175 149 85.1 121 69.1 135 106 78.5 93 68.9 909 762 83.8 639 70.3
41.00–45.99 210 164 78.1 141 67.1 182 158 86.8 124 68.1 1,142 942 82.5 784 68.7
≥46 208 178 85.6 145 69.7 207 167 80.7 132 63.8 1,266 1,028 81.2 855 67.5
Subtotala 796 662 83.2 536 67.3 694 577 83.1 464 66.9 4,390 3,624 82.6 3,023 68.9
Total 3,154 2,678 84.9 2,192 69.5 2,617 2,221 84.9 1,713 65.5 25,055 20,705 82.6 17,280 69.0

Abbreviations: CD4, CD4+ T-lymphocyte count (cells/µL) or percentage; VL, viral load (copies/mL); CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [footnotes only]; SDOH, social determinants of health [footnotes only].

Note. Data for 2020 should be interpreted with caution due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on access to HIV testing, care-related services, and case surveillance activities in state/local jurisdictions. Data reflect the census tract of the person’s residential address at the time they received an HIV diagnosis. Linkage to HIV medical care was measured by documentation of ≥1 CD4 or VL tests ≤1 month after HIV diagnosis. A VL test result of <200 copies/mL indicates HIV viral suppression. VL test results are within 6 months of diagnosis of HIV infection during 2020. Data not provided for states and associated census tracts that do not have laws requiring reporting of all CD4 and viral loads, or that have incomplete reporting of laboratory data to CDC. Areas without laws: Idaho and New Jersey. Areas with incomplete reporting: Kentucky, Pennsylvania, Vermont, and Puerto Rico. For the definitions of SDOH indicator variables used in this report, see http://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/tech_docs/subject_definitions/2020_ACSSubjectDefinitions.pdf.

aBecause column subtotals were calculated independently of the values for the subpopulations, the values in each column may not sum to the column subtotals. See Technical Notes for criteria used to define SDOH subpopulations.

Table 10. Linkage to HIV medical care within 1 month and viral suppression within 6 months of HIV diagnosis during 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic) among adults aged ≥18 years, by race/ethnicity, assigned sex at birth, and selected social determinants of health—census tract level, 45 states and the District of Columbia
American Indian/Alaska Native Asian
Total diagnoses Linkage to Care Viral Suppression Total diagnoses Linkage to Care Viral Suppression
≥1 CD4 or VL tests ≤1 month VL <200 copies/mL ≤6 months ≥1 CD4 or VL tests VL <200 copies/mL ≤6 months
No. No. % No. % No. No. % No. %
Male sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 15 13 86.7 9 60.0 113 98 86.7 91 80.5
6.00–9.99 6 6 100 5 83.3 104 91 87.5 80 76.9
10.00–16.99 28 19 67.9 17 60.7 130 118 90.8 103 79.2
 ≥17 42 32 76.2 26 61.9 110 96 87.3 91 82.7
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 10 7 70.0 6 60.0 93 81 87.1 75 80.6
5.00–8.99 20 17 85.0 13 65.0 98 86 87.8 81 82.7
9.00–15.99 24 19 79.2 15 62.5 115 97 84.3 89 77.4
 ≥16 37 27 73.0 23 62.2 151 139 92.1 120 79.5
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 40 28 70.0 23 57.5 72 65 90.3 62 86.1
46,000–61,999 26 22 84.6 22 84.6 99 86 86.9 78 78.8
62,000–85,999 12 9 75.0 5 41.7 125 105 84.0 93 74.4
 ≥86,000 13 11 84.6 7 53.8 159 146 91.8 131 82.4
Without health insurance (%)
<4 9 7 77.8 5 55.6 93 83 89.2 75 80.6
4.00–7.99 14 10 71.4 10 71.4 142 125 88.0 117 82.4
8.00–13.99 30 27 90.0 16 53.3 108 96 88.9 84 77.8
 ≥14 38 26 68.4 26 68.4 114 99 86.8 89 78.1
Gini index (%)
<37 17 13 76.5 8 47.1 115 100 87.0 86 74.8
37.00–40.99 18 14 77.8 11 61.1 103 90 87.4 80 77.7
41.00–45.99 30 24 80.0 23 76.7 115 101 87.8 93 80.9
 ≥46 26 19 73.1 15 57.7 124 112 90.3 106 85.5
Subtotalb 108 85 78.7 68 63.0 478 421 88.1 383 80.1
Female sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 5 3 60.0 4 80.0 20 16 80.0 15 75.0
6.00–9.99 2 2 100 1 50.0 16 12 75.0 11 68.8
10.00–16.99 12 9 75.0 7 58.3 17 15 88.2 15 88.2
 ≥17 8 5 62.5 2 25.0 10 9 90.0 8 80.0
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 5 3 60.0 4 80.0 13 12 92.3 12 92.3
5.00–8.99 4 4 100 2 50.0 9 6 66.7 5 55.6
9.00–15.99 10 5 50.0 3 30.0 22 16 72.7 17 77.3
 ≥16 8 7 87.5 5 62.5 19 18 94.7 15 78.9
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 11 7 63.6 5 45.5 8 7 87.5 6 75.0
46,000–61,999 6 4 66.7 2 33.3 13 12 92.3 10 76.9
62,000–85,999 5 5 100 3 60.0 20 16 80.0 16 80.0
 ≥86,000 5 3 60.0 4 80.0 21 16 76.2 16 76.2
Without health insurance (%)
<4 2 2 100 2 100 8 6 75.0 6 75.0
4.00–7.99 7 7 100 6 85.7 21 19 90.5 17 81.0
8.00–13.99 11 4 36.4 3 27.3 13 8 61.5 8 61.5
 ≥14 7 6 85.7 3 42.9 21 19 90.5 18 85.7
Gini index (%)
<37 5 5 100 3 60.0 15 11 73.3 10 66.7
37.00–40.99 4 2 50.0 3 75.0 24 22 91.7 20 83.3
41.00–45.99 9 6 66.7 4 44.4 13 10 76.9 10 76.9
 ≥46 9 6 66.7 4 44.4 11 9 81.8 9 81.8
Subtotalb 31 23 74.2 18 58.1 64 53 82.8 50 78.1
Total 139 108 77.7 86 61.9 542 474 87.5 433 79.9

 

Table 10. Linkage to HIV medical care within 1 month and viral suppression within 6 months of HIV diagnosis during 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic) among adults aged ≥18 years, by race/ethnicity, assigned sex at birth, and selected social determinants of health—census tract level, 45 states and the District of Columbia
Black/African American Hispanic/Latinoa
Total diagnoses Linkage to Care Viral Suppression Total diagnoses Linkage to Care Viral Suppression
≥1 CD4 or VL tests ≤1 month VL <200 copies/mL ≤6 months ≥1 CD4 or VL tests VL <200 copies/mL ≤6 months
No. No. % No. % No. No. % No. %
Male sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 987 801 81.2 667 67.6 796 691 86.8 616 77.4
6.00–9.99 1,154 915 79.3 753 65.3 1,087 916 84.3 802 73.8
10.00–16.99 2,017 1,605 79.6 1,320 65.4 1,756 1,513 86.2 1,295 73.7
 ≥17 3,774 2,991 79.3 2,405 63.7 2,025 1,714 84.6 1,399 69.1
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 1,024 849 82.9 696 68.0 658 577 87.7 505 76.7
5.00–8.99 1,390 1,123 80.8 937 67.4 796 688 86.4 610 76.6
9.00–15.99 2,330 1,853 79.5 1,507 64.7 1,254 1,061 84.6 924 73.7
 ≥16 3,193 2,491 78.0 2,007 62.9 2,958 2,510 84.9 2,075 70.1
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 3,768 2,972 78.9 2,417 64.1 1,822 1,525 83.7 1,263 69.3
46,000–61,999 1,905 1,519 79.7 1,221 64.1 1,590 1,366 85.9 1,139 71.6
62,000–85,999 1,447 1,163 80.4 961 66.4 1,355 1,172 86.5 1,031 76.1
 ≥86,000 769 624 81.1 519 67.5 878 756 86.1 666 75.9
Without health insurance (%)
<4 686 569 82.9 483 70.4 477 417 87.4 362 75.9
4.00–7.99 1,490 1,236 83.0 1,022 68.6 975 818 83.9 745 76.4
8.00–13.99 2,168 1,745 80.5 1,412 65.1 1,321 1,152 87.2 967 73.2
 ≥14 3,591 2,765 77.0 2,230 62.1 2,891 2,447 84.6 2,038 70.5
Gini index (%)
<37 1,525 1,191 78.1 985 64.6 1,283 1,085 84.6 930 72.5
37.00–40.99 1,632 1,273 78.0 1,048 64.2 1,325 1,132 85.4 963 72.7
41.00–45.99 2,075 1,714 82.6 1,362 65.6 1,500 1,279 85.3 1,092 72.8
 ≥46 2,697 2,131 79.0 1,747 64.8 1,556 1,338 86.0 1,127 72.4
Subtotalb 8,393 6,651 79.2 5,432 64.7 5,870 5,011 85.4 4,259 72.6
Female sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 288 240 83.3 205 71.2 81 68 84.0 55 67.9
6.00–9.99 344 289 84.0 237 68.9 115 100 87.0 87 75.7
10.00–16.99 603 510 84.6 430 71.3 194 166 85.6 149 76.8
 ≥17 1,136 919 80.9 757 66.6 294 242 82.3 215 73.1
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 259 225 86.9 187 72.2 72 62 86.1 57 79.2
5.00–8.99 375 301 80.3 276 73.6 68 61 89.7 50 73.5
9.00–15.99 666 551 82.7 472 70.9 141 123 87.2 106 75.2
 ≥16 1,071 881 82.3 694 64.8 403 330 81.9 293 72.7
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 1,142 924 80.9 746 65.3 281 238 84.7 215 76.5
46,000–61,999 580 490 84.5 408 70.3 172 140 81.4 123 71.5
62,000–85,999 381 310 81.4 274 71.9 136 114 83.8 100 73.5
 ≥86,000 252 218 86.5 190 75.4 93 82 88.2 67 72.0
Without health insurance (%)
<4 190 166 87.4 143 75.3 56 48 85.7 43 76.8
4.00–7.99 413 345 83.5 312 75.5 114 95 83.3 84 73.7
8.00–13.99 662 549 82.9 470 71.0 146 122 83.6 108 74.0
 ≥14 1,106 898 81.2 704 63.7 368 311 84.5 271 73.6
Gini index (%)
<37 470 387 82.3 336 71.5 138 118 85.5 98 71.0
37.00–40.99 473 394 83.3 322 68.1 156 138 88.5 117 75.0
41.00–45.99 655 533 81.4 445 67.9 185 157 84.9 138 74.6
 ≥46 769 640 83.2 523 68.0 205 163 79.5 153 74.6
Subtotalb 2,493 2,056 82.5 1,711 68.6 712 596 83.7 522 73.3
Total 10,886 8,707 80.0 7,143 65.6 6,582 5,607 85.2 4,781 72.6

 

Table 10. Linkage to HIV medical care within 1 month and viral suppression within 6 months of HIV diagnosis during 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic) among adults aged ≥18 years, by race/ethnicity, assigned sex at birth, and selected social determinants of health—census tract level, 45 states and the District of Columbia
Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander White Multiracial
Total diagnoses Linkage to Care Viral Suppression Total diagnoses Linkage to Care Viral Suppression Total diagnoses Linkage to Care Viral Suppression
≥1 CD4 or VL tests ≤1 month VL <200 copies/mL ≤6 months ≥1 CD4 or VL tests VL <200 copies/mL ≤6 months ≥1 CD4 or VL tests VL <200 copies/mL ≤6 months
No. No. % No. % No. No. % No. % No. No. % No. %
Male sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 12 11 91.7 9 75.0 1,140 979 85.9 846 74.2 108 87 80.6 86 79.6
6.00–9.99 8 7 87.5 6 75.0 1,113 949 85.3 764 68.6 91 82 90.1 66 72.5
10.00–16.99 10 8 80.0 6 60.0 1,381 1,172 84.9 1,012 73.3 155 127 81.9 109 70.3
 ≥17 5 5 100 3 60.0 1,237 1,027 83.0 854 69.0 186 156 83.9 112 60.2
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 9 7 77.8 6 66.7 1,251 1,065 85.1 918 73.4 106 92 86.8 82 77.4
5.00–8.99 10 10 100 8 80.0 1,160 990 85.3 840 72.4 105 85 81.0 76 72.4
9.00–15.99 9 7 77.8 5 55.6 1,313 1,121 85.4 929 70.8 162 132 81.5 121 74.7
 ≥16 7 7 100 5 71.4 1,149 952 82.9 791 68.8 167 143 85.6 94 56.3
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 5 3 60.0 1 20.0 1,205 988 82.0 816 67.7 174 149 85.6 108 62.1
46,000–61,999 9 8 88.9 7 77.8 1,273 1,084 85.2 914 71.8 131 108 82.4 94 71.8
62,000–85,999 11 11 100 8 72.7 1,279 1,099 85.9 927 72.5 120 98 81.7 81 67.5
 ≥86,000 10 9 90.0 8 80.0 1,100 943 85.7 811 73.7 113 96 85.0 89 78.8
Without health insurance (%)
<4 8 7 87.5 7 87.5 906 788 87.0 676 74.6 75 66 88.0 62 82.7
4.00–7.99 7 7 100 6 85.7 1,251 1,075 85.9 921 73.6 126 111 88.1 87 69.0
8.00–13.99 14 13 92.9 8 57.1 1,283 1,074 83.7 905 70.5 139 114 82.0 91 65.5
 ≥14 6 4 66.7 3 50.0 1,432 1,190 83.1 975 68.1 200 161 80.5 133 66.5
Gini index (%)
<37 10 10 100 8 80.0 1,028 877 85.3 719 69.9 111 91 82.0 80 72.1
37.00–40.99 8 7 87.5 5 62.5 1,117 960 85.9 807 72.2 114 90 78.9 77 67.5
41.00–45.99 9 6 66.7 4 44.4 1,341 1,112 82.9 961 71.7 140 118 84.3 102 72.9
 ≥46 8 8 100 7 87.5 1,385 1,178 85.1 989 71.4 175 153 87.4 114 65.1
Subtotalb 38 33 86.8 26 68.4 5,200 4,398 84.6 3,692 71.0 578 482 83.4 397 68.7
Female sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 1 1 100 1 100 186 156 83.9 126 67.7 23 18 78.3 18 78.3
6.00–9.99 1 1 100 1 100 179 148 82.7 124 69.3 24 21 87.5 18 75.0
10.00–16.99 4 4 100 3 75.0 242 199 82.2 153 63.2 36 26 72.2 27 75.0
 ≥17 5 5 100 4 80.0 289 235 81.3 182 63.0 39 34 87.2 24 61.5
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 2 2 100 2 100 145 120 82.8 96 66.2 22 17 77.3 17 77.3
5.00–8.99 3 3 100 3 100 186 154 82.8 132 71.0 24 19 79.2 17 70.8
9.00–15.99 1 1 100 1 100 269 224 83.3 174 64.7 36 32 88.9 27 75.0
 ≥16 5 5 100 3 60.0 296 240 81.1 183 61.8 40 31 77.5 26 65.0
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 6 6 100 5 83.3 301 243 80.7 189 62.8 39 32 82.1 25 64.1
46,000–61,999 2 2 100 2 100 238 193 81.1 157 66.0 37 31 83.8 25 67.6
62,000–85,999 2 2 100 1 50.0 219 181 82.6 141 64.4 27 21 77.8 21 77.8
 ≥86,000 1 1 100 1 100 136 120 88.2 97 71.3 18 14 77.8 15 83.3
Without health insurance (%)
<4 1 1 100 1 100 119 100 84.0 86 72.3 18 13 72.2 14 77.8
4.00–7.99 2 2 100 2 100 215 179 83.3 140 65.1 24 20 83.3 19 79.2
8.00–13.99 4 4 100 3 75.0 236 192 81.4 167 70.8 26 22 84.6 20 76.9
 ≥14 4 4 100 3 75.0 326 267 81.9 192 58.9 54 44 81.5 34 63.0
Gini index (%)
<37 2 2 100 2 100 196 174 88.8 132 67.3 27 20 74.1 17 63.0
37.00–40.99 4 4 100 4 100 216 173 80.1 146 67.6 32 29 90.6 27 84.4
41.00–45.99 2 2 100 2 100 254 213 83.9 169 66.5 24 21 87.5 16 66.7
 ≥46 3 3 100 1 33.3 230 178 77.4 138 60.0 39 29 74.4 27 69.2
Subtotalb 11 11 100 9 81.8 949 779 82.1 618 65.1 130 106 81.5 95 73.1
Total 49 44 89.8 35 71.4 6,149 5,177 84.2 4,310 70.1 708 588 83.1 492 69.5

Abbreviations: CD4, CD4+ T-lymphocyte count (cells/µL) or percentage; VL, viral load (copies/mL); CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [footnotes only]; SDOH, social determinants of health [footnotes only].

Note. Data for 2020 should be interpreted with caution due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on access to HIV testing, care-related services, and case surveillance activities in state/local jurisdictions. Data reflect the census tract of the person’s residential address at the time they received an HIV diagnosis. Linkage to HIV medical care was measured by documentation of ≥1 CD4 or VL tests ≤1 month after HIV diagnosis. A VL test result of <200 copies/mL indicates HIV viral suppression. VL test results are within 6 months of diagnosis of HIV infection during 2020. Data not provided for states and associated census tracts that do not have laws requiring reporting of all CD4 and viral loads, or that have incomplete reporting of laboratory data to CDC. Areas without laws: Idaho and New Jersey. Areas with incomplete reporting: Kentucky, Pennsylvania, Vermont, and Puerto Rico. For the definitions of SDOH indicator variables used in this report can be found at https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/tech_docs/subject_definitions/2020_ACSSubjectDefinitions.pdf.

aHispanic/Latino persons can be of any race.
bBecause column subtotals were calculated independently of the values for the subpopulations, the values in each column may not sum to the column subtotals. See Technical Notes for criteria used to define SDOH subpopulations.

Table 11. Linkage to HIV medical care within 1 month and viral suppression within 6 months of HIV diagnosis during 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic) among adults aged ≥18 years, by transmission category, assigned sex at birth, and selected social determinants of health—census tract level, 45 states and the District of Columbia
Male-to-male sexual contacta Injection drug useb
Total diagnoses Linkage to Care Viral Suppression Total diagnoses Linkage to Care Viral Suppression
≥1 CD4 or VL tests ≤1 month VL <200 copies/mL ≤6 months ≥1 CD4 or VL tests ≤1 month VL <200 copies/mL ≤6 months
 No.  No. % No. %  No.  No. % No. %
Male sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 2,698 2,285 84.7 2,006 74.3 105 79 75.3 61 58.4
6.00–9.99 3,012 2,514 83.5 2,131 70.8 129 106 82.1 76 58.8
10.00–16.99 4,664 3,913 83.9 3,337 71.6 188 155 82.2 117 62.3
 ≥17 6,121 5,024 82.1 4,173 68.2 299 225 75.3 148 49.5
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 2,716 2,322 85.5 2,004 73.8 99 74 74.1 53 53.8
5.00–8.99 3,062 2,571 84.0 2,212 72.2 118 93 78.5 75 63.3
9.00–15.99 4,351 3,605 82.9 3,062 70.4 200 163 81.6 124 62.2
 ≥16 6,373 5,242 82.3 4,374 68.6 305 236 77.5 150 49.3
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 5,864 4,767 81.3 3,979 67.9 277 209 75.5 140 50.6
46,000–61,999 4,217 3,528 83.7 2,970 70.4 194 159 82.0 112 57.5
62,000–85,999 3,723 3,151 84.7 2,703 72.6 147 116 78.6 94 64.0
 ≥86,000 2,626 2,238 85.2 1,955 74.4 101 79 78.6 56 55.6
Without health insurance (%)
<4 1,919 1,659 86.5 1,446 75.3 87 67 76.6 50 57.5
4.00–7.99 3,384 2,880 85.1 2,511 74.2 164 123 75.2 99 60.4
8.00–13.99 4,254 3,565 83.8 2,987 70.2 200 161 80.4 113 56.2
 ≥14 6,940 5,634 81.2 4,706 67.8 270 214 79.2 141 52.1
Gini index (%)
<37 3,497 2,879 82.3 2,435 69.6 127 99 77.9 73 57.1
37.00–40.99 3,614 3,001 83.0 2,552 70.6 177 139 78.5 107 60.0
41.00–45.99 4,366 3,678 84.3 3,121 71.5 187 143 76.5 103 55.0
 ≥46 5,014 4,175 83.3 3,536 70.5 229 183 80.0 120 52.4
Subtotald 17,402 14,462 83.1 12,258 70.4 776 605 77.9 434 55.9
Female sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 – – – – – 67 54 81.3 40 59.4
6.00–9.99 – – – – – 97 73 75.2 57 58.6
10.00–16.99 – – – – – 142 113 79.8 83 58.1
 ≥17 – – – – – 255 199 78.0 146 57.3
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 – – – – – 65 52 79.2 38 58.0
5.00–8.99 – – – – – 93 72 78.0 61 65.7
9.00–15.99 – – – – – 144 111 76.9 81 56.1
 ≥16 – – – – – 259 204 79.0 146 56.3
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 – – – – – 243 187 76.9 136 56.0
46,000–61,999 – – – – – 143 113 78.7 83 58.2
62,000–85,999 – – – – – 111 87 78.3 65 59.0
 ≥86,000 – – – – – 62 52 82.7 40 64.7
Without health insurance (%)
<4 – – – – – 55 42 77.1 36 64.5
4.00–7.99 – – – – – 110 88 80.2 69 62.4
8.00–13.99 – – – – – 160 129 80.7 95 59.7
 ≥14 – – – – – 236 180 76.2 126 53.2
Gini index (%)
<37 – – – – – 97 82 84.8 58 59.4
37.00–40.99 – – – – – 119 90 75.8 72 60.6
41.00–45.99 – – – – – 160 123 76.5 90 56.3
 ≥46 – – – – – 185 145 78.2 106 57.1
Subtotald – – – – – 598 468 78.2 348 58.2
Total 17,402 14,462 83.1 12,258 70.4 1,374 1,073 78.1 782 56.9

 

Table 11. Linkage to HIV medical care within 1 month and viral suppression within 6 months of HIV diagnosis during 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic) among adults aged ≥18 years, by transmission category, assigned sex at birth, and selected social determinants of health—census tract level, 45 states and the District of Columbia
Male-to-male sexual contacta and injection drug useb Heterosexual contactc
Total diagnoses Linkage to Care Viral Suppression Total diagnoses Linkage to Care Viral Suppression
≥1 CD4 or VL tests ≤1 month VL <200 copies/mL ≤6 months ≥1 CD4 or VL tests ≤1 month VL <200 copies/mL ≤6 months
 No.  No. % No. %  No.  No. % No. %
Male sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 134 113 84.3 84 62.7 231 201 86.8 170 73.6
6.00–9.99 148 116 78.2 93 62.6 272 229 84.2 175 64.3
10.00–16.99 207 157 75.6 125 60.0 412 334 81.0 281 68.1
 ≥17 285 238 83.7 164 57.4 667 528 79.1 403 60.3
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 144 123 85.5 90 62.6 187 155 83.0 137 73.2
5.00–8.99 147 117 79.7 101 68.9 250 217 86.5 176 70.3
9.00–15.99 197 150 76.4 115 58.6 456 368 80.8 287 62.9
 ≥16 286 233 81.3 158 55.1 691 552 80.0 429 62.2
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 267 222 83.1 157 59.0 671 527 78.5 410 61.1
46,000–61,999 211 168 79.7 122 57.7 407 334 82.1 270 66.4
62,000–85,999 172 130 75.4 103 59.9 303 258 85.0 204 67.1
 ≥86,000 121 100 83.2 80 66.5 192 165 86.2 138 71.9
Without health insurance (%)
<4 96 82 84.8 64 65.9 150 128 85.5 109 73.2
4.00–7.99 172 137 79.6 104 60.4 281 239 84.9 191 68.0
8.00–13.99 218 177 81.1 132 60.3 384 314 81.8 249 64.9
 ≥14 288 228 79.3 166 57.6 768 611 79.6 478 62.3
Gini index (%)
<37 147 120 81.6 87 59.5 314 266 84.7 218 69.4
37.00–40.99 169 140 82.9 107 63.1 353 284 80.4 224 63.4
41.00–45.99 228 175 77.1 132 58.2 424 353 83.3 278 65.7
 ≥46 231 188 81.5 138 59.8 492 389 79.1 308 62.6
Subtotald 821 656 79.9 492 60.0 1,647 1,344 81.6 1,062 64.5
Female sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 – – – – – 531 442 83.3 379 71.3
6.00–9.99 – – – – – 579 495 85.6 419 72.3
10.00–16.99 – – – – – 958 809 84.4 695 72.5
 ≥17 – – – – – 1,510 1,239 82.0 1,036 68.6
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 – – – – – 447 383 85.8 332 74.3
5.00–8.99 – – – – – 571 471 82.5 419 73.5
9.00–15.99 – – – – – 992 834 84.1 713 71.8
 ≥16 – – – – – 1,569 1,296 82.6 1,064 67.8
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 – – – – – 1,532 1,261 82.3 1,047 68.3
46,000–61,999 – – – – – 895 750 83.9 636 71.1
62,000–85,999 – – – – – 673 557 82.8 486 72.2
 ≥86,000 – – – – – 459 398 86.8 345 75.3
Without health insurance (%)
<4 – – – – – 334 289 86.5 255 76.4
4.00–7.99 – – – – – 677 571 84.3 504 74.5
8.00–13.99 – – – – – 928 765 82.4 676 72.8
 ≥14 – – – – – 1,639 1,361 83.0 1,093 66.7
Gini index (%)
<37 – – – – – 749 629 84.0 535 71.4
37.00–40.99 – – – – – 786 668 85.1 564 71.7
41.00–45.99 – – – – – 971 810 83.4 685 70.6
 ≥46 – – – – – 1,069 874 81.8 742 69.4
Subtotald – – – – – 3,755 3,126 83.2 2,648 70.5
Total 821 656 79.9 492 60.0 5,402 4,469 82.7 3,710 68.7

Abbreviations: CD4, CD4+ T-lymphocyte count (cells/µL) or percentage; VL, viral load (copies/mL); CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [footnotes only]; SDOH, social determinants of health [footnotes only].

Note. Data for 2020 should be interpreted with caution due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on access to HIV testing, care-related services, and case surveillance activities in state/local jurisdictions. Data reflect the census tract of the person’s residential address at the time they received an HIV diagnosis. Linkage to HIV medical care was measured by documentation of ≥1 CD4 or VL tests ≤1 month after HIV diagnosis. A VL test result of <200 copies/mL indicates HIV viral suppression. VL test results are within 6 months of diagnosis of HIV infection during 2020. Data not provided for states and associated census tracts that do not have laws requiring reporting of all CD4 and viral loads, or that have incomplete reporting of laboratory data to CDC. Areas without laws: Idaho and New Jersey. Areas with incomplete reporting: Kentucky, Pennsylvania, Vermont, and Puerto Rico. For the definitions of SDOH indicator variables used in this report, see http://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/tech_docs/subject_definitions/2020_ACSSubjectDefinitions.pdf.  Transmission category is classified based on a hierarchy of the risk factors most likely responsible for HIV transmission; classification is determined based on the person’s assigned sex at birth. Data have been statistically adjusted to account for missing transmission category; therefore, values may not sum to column subtotals and total.

aIncludes individuals assigned male sex at birth, regardless of current gender identity, who have had sexual contact with other males, and individuals assigned male sex at birth who have had sexual contact with both males and females (i.e., bisexual contact).
bIncludes persons who injected nonprescription drugs or who injected prescription drugs for nonmedical purposes. Also includes injection of drugs prescribed to persons if there is evidence that injection equipment was shared (e.g., syringes, needles, cookers).
cSexual contact with a person known to have, or with a risk factor for, HIV infection.
dBecause column subtotals were calculated independently of the values for the subpopulations, the values in each column may not sum to the column subtotals. See Technical Notes for criteria used to define SDOH subpopulations.

Table 12. Linkage to HIV medical care within 1 month and viral suppression within 6 months of HIV diagnosis during 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic) among males aged ≥18 years, based on assigned sex at birth, with infection attributed to male-to-male sexual contact, by race/ethnicity and selected social determinants of health—census tract level, 45 states and the District of Columbia
American Indian/Alaska Native Asian
Total diagnoses Linkage to Care Viral Suppression Total diagnoses Linkage to Care Viral Suppression
≥1 CD4 or VL tests ≤1 month VL <200 copies/mL ≤6 months ≥1 CD4 or VL tests ≤1 month VL <200 copies/mL ≤6 months
No. No. % No. % No. No. % No. %
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 13 11 84.3 8 60.6 100 87 87.3 82 82.0
6.00–9.99 6 6 100.0 5 82.8 92 81 87.8 72 78.3
10.00–16.99 24 16 67.8 15 61.4 115 105 91.1 93 80.7
 ≥17 28 22 77.9 16 58.7 101 89 88.2 84 83.0
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 8 5 64.9 4 51.9 78 68 86.9 64 82.6
5.00–8.99 14 12 81.9 8 58.3 90 80 89.1 77 85.7
9.00–15.99 22 18 82.4 15 66.1 103 86 83.6 80 77.6
 ≥16 26 19 74.5 16 63.5 138 129 93.3 110 79.7
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 28 20 69.8 16 57.7 65 59 90.9 55 84.7
46,000–61,999 22 19 86.5 18 81.9 90 79 87.5 72 79.9
62,000–85,999 9 6 69.8 3 30.2 112 96 85.9 86 76.3
 ≥86,000 12 10 85.2 7 59.1 140 128 91.3 118 84.3
Without health insurance (%)
<4 6 5 72.6 4 56.5 82 72 88.4 65 79.9
4.00–7.99 11 8 70.8 8 67.3 128 113 88.5 108 84.9
8.00–13.99 25 22 88.2 11 46.3 97 89 91.0 79 80.8
 ≥14 28 20 71.7 21 75.0 102 89 87.2 79 77.4
Gini index (%)
<37 14 11 74.3 7 46.5 104 90 86.6 80 76.5
37.00–40.99 14 10 71.2 7 49.6 89 79 88.0 71 79.4
41.00–45.99 20 18 88.1 17 85.1 101 89 88.4 81 80.7
 ≥46 21 16 73.7 13 58.7 115 105 91.6 100 86.8
Totalb 84 68 80.5 52 61.8 429 380 88.6 349 81.3

 

Table 12. Linkage to HIV medical care within 1 month and viral suppression within 6 months of HIV diagnosis during 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic) among males aged ≥18 years, based on assigned sex at birth, with infection attributed to male-to-male sexual contact, by race/ethnicity and selected social determinants of health—census tract level, 45 states and the District of Columbia
Black/African American Hispanic/Latinoa
Total diagnoses Linkage to Care Viral Suppression Total diagnoses Linkage to Care Viral Suppression
≥1 CD4 or VL tests ≤1 month VL <200 copies/mL ≤6 months ≥1 CD4 or VL tests ≤1 month VL <200 copies/mL ≤6 months
No. No. % No. % No. No. % No. %
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 819 663 81.0 548 66.9 718 620 86.3 565 78.6
6.00–9.99 967 761 78.7 644 66.6 960 809 84.3 720 75.0
10.00–16.99 1,679 1,355 80.7 1,104 65.8 1,562 1,346 86.2 1,179 75.5
 ≥17 3,089 2,467 79.9 2,019 65.3 1,771 1,500 84.7 1,252 70.7
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 885 735 83.0 600 67.8 604 529 87.6 470 77.8
5.00–8.99 1,179 955 81.0 796 67.5 722 621 86.0 558 77.2
9.00–15.99 1,937 1,550 80.0 1,274 65.8 1,094 920 84.1 823 75.2
 ≥16 2,558 2,010 78.6 1,646 64.4 2,591 2,206 85.1 1,865 72.0
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 3,097 2,461 79.5 2,035 65.7 1,580 1,323 83.7 1,114 70.5
46,000–61,999 1,560 1,250 80.1 1,011 64.8 1,408 1,210 85.9 1,038 73.7
62,000–85,999 1,213 978 80.7 810 66.8 1,214 1,053 86.7 941 77.5
 ≥86,000 651 529 81.2 438 67.2 793 678 85.5 612 77.2
Without health insurance (%)
<4 576 481 83.5 412 71.5 426 369 86.6 328 77.1
4.00–7.99 1,244 1,037 83.4 863 69.4 875 737 84.2 684 78.2
8.00–13.99 1,798 1,461 81.3 1,184 65.9 1,163 1,009 86.7 872 74.9
 ≥14 2,939 2,268 77.2 1,857 63.2 2,546 2,161 84.9 1,831 71.9
Gini index (%)
<37 1,288 1,002 77.8 824 63.9 1,139 962 84.5 843 74.0
37.00–40.99 1,337 1,057 79.1 878 65.6 1,175 1,003 85.3 871 74.1
41.00–45.99 1,710 1,419 83.0 1,144 66.9 1,325 1,131 85.3 990 74.7
 ≥46 2,216 1,765 79.6 1,467 66.2 1,371 1,180 86.1 1,012 73.8
Totalb 6,952 5,539 79.7 4,568 65.7 5,190 4,430 85.4 3,844 74.1

 

Table 12. Linkage to HIV medical care within 1 month and viral suppression within 6 months of HIV diagnosis during 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic) among males aged ≥18 years, based on assigned sex at birth, with infection attributed to male-to-male sexual contact, by race/ethnicity and selected social determinants of health—census tract level, 45 states and the District of Columbia
Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander White
Total diagnoses Linkage to Care Viral Suppression Total diagnoses Linkage to Care Viral Suppression
≥1 CD4 or VL tests ≤1 month VL <200 copies/mL ≤6 months ≥1 CD4 or VL tests ≤1 month VL <200 copies/mL ≤6 months
No. No. % No. % No. No. % No. %
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 11 10 90.7 8 74.8 949 819 86.4 721 76.0
6.00–9.99 7 6 85.3 5 70.6 898 776 86.4 628 69.9
10.00–16.99 10 8 82.5 6 61.9 1,139 968 85.0 842 74.0
 ≥17 3 3 100.0 2 71.4 975 814 83.5 699 71.7
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 9 7 77.8 6 66.7 1,043 897 86.0 787 75.5
5.00–8.99 10 10 100.0 8 82.1 952 816 85.7 695 72.9
9.00–15.99 8 6 77.9 4 51.9 1,051 911 86.7 760 72.4
 ≥16 4 4 100.0 3 78.9 917 755 82.3 650 71.0
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 3 1 32.0 0 0.0 949 779 82.0 662 69.7
46,000–61,999 9 8 88.9 7 77.8 1,019 873 85.7 746 73.2
62,000–85,999 11 11 100.0 8 72.2 1,058 917 86.7 782 73.9
 ≥86,000 8 7 87.0 6 77.9 926 801 86.5 695 75.1
Without health insurance (%)
<4 7 6 85.7 6 85.7 753 665 88.2 573 76.1
4.00–7.99 7 7 100.0 6 89.2 1,013 880 86.9 767 75.8
8.00–13.99 12 11 91.7 7 58.3 1,040 876 84.3 750 72.1
 ≥14 5 3 62.2 2 44.4 1,155 957 82.8 801 69.3
Gini index (%)
<37 9 9 100.0 7 80.5 848 724 85.4 606 71.5
37.00–40.99 7 6 85.3 4 55.9 893 767 85.8 652 73.0
41.00–45.99 8 5 64.9 4 51.9 1,083 914 84.4 796 73.5
 ≥46 7 7 100.0 6 88.2 1,136 973 85.7 836 73.6
Totalb 32 27 85.3 22 68.1 4,223 3,599 85.2 3,071 72.7

 

TTable 12. Linkage to HIV medical care within 1 month and viral suppression within 6 months of HIV diagnosis during 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic) among males aged ≥18 years, based on assigned sex at birth, with infection attributed to male-to-male sexual contact, by race/ethnicity and selected social determinants of health—census tract level, 45 states and the District of Columbia
Multiracial Total
Total diagnoses Linkage to Care Viral Suppression Total diagnoses Linkage to Care Viral Suppression
≥1 CD4 or VL tests ≤1 month VL <200 copies/mL ≤6 months ≥1 CD4 or VL tests ≤1 month VL <200 copies/mL ≤6 months
No. No. % No. % No. No. % No. %
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 89 75 84.1 75 83.5 2,698 2,285 84.7 2,006 74.3
6.00–9.99 82 75 91.9 58 71.1 3,012 2,514 83.5 2,131 70.8
10.00–16.99 136 115 84.5 98 72.6 4,664 3,913 83.9 3,337 71.6
 ≥17 154 128 83.5 101 65.5 6,121 5,024 82.1 4,173 68.2
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 89 81 91.5 72 81.2 2,716 2,322 85.5 2,004 73.8
5.00–8.99 95 79 82.7 71 74.9 3,062 2,571 84.0 2,212 72.2
9.00–15.99 136 113 83.3 106 78.0 4,351 3,605 82.9 3,062 70.4
 ≥16 140 120 85.4 83 58.8 6,373 5,242 82.3 4,374 68.6
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 144 124 86.4 98 68.0 5,864 4,767 81.3 3,979 67.9
46,000–61,999 110 91 82.4 79 71.8 4,217 3,528 83.7 2,970 70.4
62,000–85,999 107 91 84.8 75 70.0 3,723 3,151 84.7 2,703 72.6
 ≥86,000 98 87 88.5 79 81.2 2,626 2,238 85.2 1,955 74.4
Without health insurance (%)
<4 69 62 89.8 57 83.0 1,919 1,659 86.5 1,446 75.3
4.00–7.99 106 98 92.4 75 70.7 3,384 2,880 85.1 2,511 74.2
8.00–13.99 120 97 81.1 85 70.7 4,254 3,565 83.8 2,987 70.2
 ≥14 166 136 82.2 115 69.5 6,940 5,634 81.2 4,706 67.8
Gini index (%)
<37 95 81 85.3 70 73.2 3,497 2,879 82.3 2,435 69.6
37.00–40.99 98 80 81.0 70 71.2 3,614 3,001 83.0 2,552 70.6
41.00–45.99 119 104 87.2 89 75.1 4,366 3,678 84.3 3,121 71.5
 ≥46 148 129 87.0 103 69.6 5,014 4,175 83.3 3,536 70.5
Totalb 492 418 84.9 352 71.6 17,402 14,462 83.1 12,258 70.4

Abbreviations: CD4, CD4+ T-lymphocyte count (cells/µL) or percentage; VL, viral load (copies/mL); CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [footnotes only]; SDOH, social determinants of health [footnotes only].

Note. Data for 2020 should be interpreted with caution due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on access to HIV testing, care-related services, and case surveillance activities in state/local jurisdictions. Male-to-male sexual contact includes individuals assigned male sex at birth, regardless of current gender identity, who have had sexual contact with other males, and individuals assigned male sex at birth who have had sexual contact with both males and females (i.e., bisexual contact). Data reflect the census tract of the person’s residential address at the time they received an HIV diagnosis. Linkage to HIV medical care was measured by documentation of ≥1 CD4 or VL tests ≤1 month after HIV diagnosis. A VL test result of <200 copies/mL indicates HIV viral suppression. VL test results are within 6 months of diagnosis of HIV infection during 2020. Data not provided for states and associated census tracts that do not have laws requiring reporting of all CD4 and viral loads, or that have incomplete reporting of laboratory data to CDC. Areas without laws: Idaho and New Jersey. Areas with incomplete reporting: Kentucky, Pennsylvania, Vermont, and Puerto Rico. For the definitions of SDOH indicator variables used in this report, see http://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/tech_docs/subject_definitions/2020_ACSSubjectDefinitions.pdf.

aHispanic/Latino persons can be of any race.
bBecause column subtotals were calculated independently of the values for the subpopulations, the values in each column may not sum to the column subtotals. See Technical Notes for criteria used to define SDOH subpopulations.

Table 13. Diagnoses of HIV infection among adults aged ≥18 years, by age at diagnosis, race/ethnicity, assigned sex at birth, and selected social determinants of health, 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic)—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
American Indian/Alaska Native
18–24 years 25–34 years 35–44 years 45–54 years ≥55 years
No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate
Male sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 5 18,893 26.5 8 25,809 31.0 1 26,117 3.8 2 25,543 7.8 0 43,002 0
6.00–9.99 1 22,462 4.5 2 33,672 5.9 5 29,490 17.0 0 26,738 0 0 52,182 0
10.00–16.99 4 39,634 10.1 8 58,368 13.7 6 49,302 12.2 3 42,496 7.1 7 76,078 9.2
 ≥17 8 66,630 12.0 16 90,596 17.7 8 68,853 11.6 10 64,670 15.5 2 110,753 1.8
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 5 20,314 24.6 4 21,487 18.6 1 19,764 5.1 1 18,980 5.3 0 32,727 0
5.00–8.99 4 25,083 15.9 11 35,704 30.8 5 31,224 16.0 0 28,657 0 0 53,086 0
9.00–15.99 2 42,558 4.7 9 62,007 14.5 6 51,536 11.6 4 46,731 8.6 6 88,155 6.8
 ≥16 7 60,744 11.5 10 91,493 10.9 8 72,809 11.0 10 66,061 15.1 3 108,598 2.8
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 6 62,202 9.6 15 84,394 17.8 8 65,356 12.2 9 60,241 14.9 3 109,958 2.7
46,000–61,999 6 38,910 15.4 5 59,827 8.4 6 48,481 12.4 4 43,650 9.2 6 75,033 8.0
62,000–85,999 2 29,997 6.7 6 41,956 14.3 5 36,356 13.8 2 32,484 6.2 0 58,253 0
 ≥86,000 4 15,880 25.2 8 21,607 37.0 1 22,769 4.4 0 22,452 0 0 38,063 0
Without health insurance (%)
<4 3 13,537 22.2 3 16,729 17.9 3 17,370 17.3 1 16,791 6.0 0 32,282 0
4.00–7.99 2 25,141 8.0 8 34,996 22.9 6 29,910 20.1 0 29,837 0 2 55,064 3.6
8.00–13.99 6 36,888 16.3 10 54,845 18.2 5 46,277 10.8 5 40,279 12.4 4 73,024 5.5
 ≥14 7 72,307 9.7 13 101,881 12.8 6 80,205 7.5 9 72,540 12.4 3 121,645 2.5
Gini index (%)
<37 7 26,346 26.6 4 37,324 10.7 1 33,999 2.9 4 28,170 14.2 1 47,047 2.1
37.00–40.99 4 32,649 12.3 6 46,453 12.9 5 39,067 12.8 1 35,836 2.8 2 63,663 3.1
41.00–45.99 5 43,872 11.4 12 63,293 19.0 5 51,281 9.8 4 48,891 8.2 5 85,686 5.8
 ≥46 2 44,513 4.5 12 61,136 19.6 9 49,064 18.3 6 46,236 13.0 1 85,446 1.2
Subtotalb 22 148,699 14.8 40 210,691 19.0 26 175,333 14.8 16 160,429 10.0 9 282,566 3.2
Female sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 0 16,672 0 2 25,568 7.8 3 26,436 11.3 0 25,669 0 0 46,582 0
6.00–9.99 0 21,857 0 1 33,201 3.0 1 28,538 3.5 0 28,509 0 0 58,497 0
10.00–16.99 0 38,740 0 6 51,583 11.6 5 46,639 10.7 0 44,162 0 1 89,421 1.1
 ≥17 0 66,087 0 2 85,428 2.3 3 70,869 4.2 0 65,980 0 3 135,143 2.2
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 0 20,731 0 2 24,132 8.3 3 19,674 15.2 0 20,566 0 0 37,638 0
5.00–8.99 0 24,031 0 1 34,165 2.9 2 31,320 6.4 0 29,603 0 1 59,218 1.7
9.00–15.99 0 42,156 0 5 58,950 8.5 3 53,042 5.7 0 50,005 0 2 103,049 1.9
 ≥16 0 56,749 0 3 78,666 3.8 4 68,664 5.8 0 64,182 0 1 129,769 0.8
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 0 61,718 0 5 79,690 6.3 2 67,454 3.0 0 63,239 0 4 132,355 3.0
46,000–61,999 0 38,506 0 3 55,396 5.4 3 47,195 6.4 0 44,454 0 0 92,237 0
62,000–85,999 0 28,568 0 2 39,444 5.1 3 35,500 8.5 0 33,581 0 0 64,285 0
 ≥86,000 0 13,918 0 1 21,048 4.8 4 21,997 18.2 0 22,746 0 0 40,276 0
Without health insurance (%)
<4 0 12,897 0 0 15,957 0 2 16,762 11.9 0 17,770 0 0 36,353 0
4.00–7.99 0 23,605 0 1 34,971 2.9 5 29,151 17.2 0 30,614 0 1 60,178 1.7
8.00–13.99 0 37,127 0 7 49,650 14.1 2 45,632 4.4 0 41,492 0 2 85,874 2.3
 ≥14 0 69,931 0 3 95,207 3.2 3 80,937 3.7 0 74,444 0 1 147,245 0.7
Gini index (%)
<37 0 24,163 0 1 37,035 2.7 2 33,865 5.9 0 27,957 0 2 52,967 3.8
37.00–40.99 0 29,673 0 1 40,712 2.5 2 37,279 5.4 0 38,043 0 1 73,543 1.4
41.00–45.99 0 43,502 0 2 60,679 3.3 6 53,151 11.3 0 51,077 0 1 101,040 1.0
 ≥46 0 45,924 0 7 57,294 12.2 2 48,129 4.2 0 47,156 0 0 102,055 0
Subtotalb 0 143,667 0 11 195,913 5.6 15 172,700 8.7 1 164,356 0.6 4 329,674 1.2
Totalc 22 292,366 7.5 51 406,604 12.5 41 348,033 11.8 17 324,785 5.2 13 612,240 2.1
Table 13. Diagnoses of HIV infection among adults aged ≥18 years, by age at diagnosis, race/ethnicity, assigned sex at birth, and selected social determinants of health, 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic)—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
Asian
18–24 years 25–34 years 35–44 years 45–54 years ≥55 years
No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate
Male sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 13 234,965 5.5 39 495,253 7.9 32 608,360 5.3 18 531,569 3.4 16 790,717 2.0
6.00–9.99 20 167,180 12.0 41 390,850 10.5 17 337,602 5.0 18 281,398 6.4 11 479,808 2.3
10.00–16.99 20 175,520 11.4 59 351,570 16.8 25 266,688 9.4 16 230,407 6.9 12 409,764 2.9
 ≥17 19 272,716 7.0 50 283,199 17.7 22 162,905 13.5 14 138,845 10.1 8 264,992 3.0
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 16 345,355 4.6 35 510,362 6.9 22 512,072 4.3 11 403,370 2.7 15 530,657 2.8
5.00–8.99 18 177,226 10.2 35 354,515 9.9 20 339,078 5.9 15 280,477 5.3 13 457,375 2.8
9.00–15.99 14 169,937 8.2 56 336,418 16.6 21 274,003 7.7 18 244,393 7.4 8 452,834 1.8
 ≥16 24 168,616 14.2 63 321,390 19.6 33 251,610 13.1 22 254,717 8.6 11 504,854 2.2
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 14 183,422 7.6 33 186,154 17.7 14 109,891 12.7 9 98,197 9.2 4 184,299 2.2
46,000–61,999 16 144,464 11.1 44 257,572 17.1 21 178,511 11.8 11 154,888 7.1 9 282,280 3.2
62,000–85,999 21 202,040 10.4 48 418,791 11.5 24 326,157 7.4 23 274,123 8.4 12 496,811 2.4
 ≥86,000 21 305,801 6.9 63 655,336 9.6 36 758,390 4.7 23 652,766 3.5 22 977,336 2.3
Without health insurance (%)
<4 15 276,983 5.4 43 468,659 9.2 19 509,354 3.7 14 429,755 3.3 7 666,092 1.1
4.00–7.99 25 257,837 9.7 50 451,629 11.1 28 402,122 7.0 20 341,553 5.9 23 558,350 4.1
8.00–13.99 15 189,068 7.9 43 348,892 12.3 29 274,516 10.6 16 237,609 6.7 8 414,306 1.9
 ≥14 17 135,987 12.5 53 252,051 21.0 20 189,602 10.5 16 173,307 9.2 9 306,539 2.9
Gini index (%)
<37 16 192,942 8.3 54 394,654 13.7 19 409,398 4.6 19 341,668 5.6 10 501,892 2.0
37.00–40.99 14 181,295 7.7 43 362,698 11.9 25 333,805 7.5 12 291,487 4.1 13 471,383 2.8
41.00–45.99 20 197,638 10.1 42 394,699 10.6 27 355,981 7.6 17 304,861 5.6 13 534,385 2.4
 ≥46 22 274,779 8.0 50 368,225 13.6 25 276,009 9.1 18 243,872 7.4 11 437,333 2.5
Subtotalb 75 861,134 8.7 201 1,522,685 13.2 99 1,376,763 7.2 70 1,182,957 5.9 48 1,945,720 2.5
Female sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 0 226,507 0 5 551,301 0.9 7 708,002 1.0 4 600,984 0.7 5 976,997 0.5
6.00–9.99 0 164,131 0 10 412,956 2.4 2 387,675 0.5 3 335,027 0.9 4 622,224 0.6
10.00–16.99 1 168,958 0.6 4 363,189 1.1 5 305,668 1.6 4 269,840 1.5 3 533,136 0.6
 ≥17 1 265,112 0.4 2 271,359 0.7 2 176,692 1.1 3 153,456 2.0 3 332,465 0.9
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 0 346,089 0 5 551,240 0.9 2 586,512 0.3 4 459,891 0.9 4 665,716 0.6
5.00–8.99 1 175,092 0.6 2 384,611 0.5 2 398,662 0.5 2 330,559 0.6 2 595,965 0.3
9.00–15.99 1 154,772 0.6 9 342,742 2.6 6 315,609 1.9 4 286,819 1.4 5 586,963 0.9
 ≥16 0 157,910 0 5 320,529 1.6 6 277,301 2.2 4 282,064 1.4 4 616,224 0.6
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 0 174,152 0 2 178,531 1.1 2 119,853 1.7 2 107,644 1.9 2 240,640 0.8
46,000–61,999 2 134,069 1.5 3 259,012 1.2 4 202,146 2.0 2 183,561 1.1 3 371,495 0.8
62,000–85,999 0 196,733 0 10 435,411 2.3 3 368,679 0.8 5 331,234 1.5 3 641,700 0.5
 ≥86,000 0 304,364 0 6 722,847 0.8 6 884,308 0.7 5 734,474 0.7 7 1,205,808 0.6
Without health insurance (%)
<4 0 278,353 0 2 512,117 0.4 2 594,307 0.3 3 488,182 0.6 4 838,555 0.5
4.00–7.99 1 249,402 0.4 7 480,900 1.5 6 459,803 1.3 4 394,754 1.0 3 719,086 0.4
8.00–13.99 0 177,119 0 6 354,593 1.7 0 310,192 0 3 279,430 1.1 5 527,340 0.9
 ≥14 1 128,859 0.8 6 251,393 2.4 8 213,765 3.7 4 196,941 2.0 3 379,851 0.8
Gini index (%)
<37 0 182,382 0 5 424,456 1.2 5 460,495 1.1 1 380,447 0.3 6 636,034 0.9
37.00–40.99 2 167,246 1.2 8 379,316 2.1 8 381,900 2.1 4 332,279 1.2 2 594,456 0.3
41.00–45.99 0 195,802 0 5 417,537 1.2 1 407,906 0.2 4 355,955 1.1 5 670,562 0.7
 ≥46 0 275,287 0 3 377,245 0.8 2 327,703 0.6 5 290,509 1.7 2 563,598 0.4
Subtotalb 2 833,863 0.2 22 1,599,122 1.4 17 1,578,084 1.1 14 1,359,333 1.0 15 2,464,868 0.6
Totalc 77 1,694,997 4.5 223 3,121,807 7.1 116 2,954,847 3.9 84 2,542,290 3.3 63 4,410,588 1.4
Table 13. Diagnoses of HIV infection among adults aged ≥18 years, by age at diagnosis, race/ethnicity, assigned sex at birth, and selected social determinants of health, 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic)—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
Black/African American
18–24 years 25–34 years 35–44 years 45–54 years ≥55 years
No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate
Male sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 312 357,645 87.2 407 513,512 79.3 163 487,471 33.4 78 491,888 15.9 79 717,816 11.0
6.00–9.99 329 357,274 92.1 506 547,801 92.4 171 462,652 37.0 110 439,611 25.0 92 701,239 13.1
10.00–16.99 578 553,511 104.4 883 834,970 105.8 309 659,958 46.8 187 615,813 30.4 149 1,063,845 14.0
 ≥17 1,193 975,093 122.3 1,646 1,238,054 133.0 594 922,191 64.4 322 894,645 36.0 327 1,753,975 18.6
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 322 390,440 82.5 444 429,836 103.3 157 347,437 45.2 69 327,701 21.1 77 484,849 15.9
5.00–8.99 446 417,162 106.9 621 592,537 104.8 195 496,953 39.2 119 480,787 24.8 90 773,422 11.6
9.00–15.99 701 646,831 108.4 1,050 928,046 113.1 369 751,037 49.1 202 733,477 27.5 197 1,291,080 15.3
 ≥16 947 814,378 116.3 1,328 1,217,712 109.1 516 962,218 53.6 307 918,146 33.4 283 1,700,342 16.6
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 1,196 958,356 124.8 1,650 1,241,896 132.9 575 926,258 62.1 332 899,928 36.9 306 1,791,861 17.1
46,000–61,999 565 537,191 105.2 823 797,083 103.3 310 620,834 49.9 169 569,297 29.7 147 975,727 15.1
62,000–85,999 399 428,003 93.2 636 653,630 97.3 223 550,429 40.5 131 518,270 25.3 121 804,580 15.0
 ≥86,000 238 294,414 80.8 310 415,944 74.5 124 413,132 30.0 64 437,930 14.6 69 640,377 10.8
Without health insurance (%)
<4 227 309,937 73.2 293 387,976 75.5 113 337,961 33.4 66 346,510 19.0 63 575,144 11.0
4.00–7.99 444 510,343 87.0 686 689,291 99.5 235 572,560 41.0 122 562,779 21.7 137 975,664 14.0
8.00–13.99 693 637,196 108.8 979 883,650 110.8 329 720,968 45.6 173 698,775 24.8 171 1,226,593 13.9
 ≥14 1,051 793,896 132.4 1,484 1,173,741 126.4 560 900,814 62.2 336 833,919 40.3 276 1,459,500 18.9
Gini index (%)
<37 466 495,014 94.1 672 730,374 92.0 200 623,498 32.1 123 586,558 21.0 111 847,269 13.1
37.00–40.99 490 468,485 104.6 707 673,565 105.0 263 564,614 46.6 134 535,769 25.0 129 888,039 14.5
41.00–45.99 648 578,578 112.0 895 820,342 109.1 334 649,827 51.4 193 632,881 30.5 150 1,135,157 13.2
 ≥46 807 694,411 116.2 1,166 901,014 129.4 440 686,056 64.1 247 680,547 36.3 257 1,361,417 18.9
Subtotalb 2,583 2,268,811 113.8 3,621 3,168,131 114.3 1,305 2,557,645 51.0 723 2,460,111 29.4 683 4,249,693 16.1
Female sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 32 313,951 10.2 72 486,957 14.8 78 517,096 15.1 50 533,607 9.4 65 856,651 7.6
6.00–9.99 38 325,231 11.7 103 528,387 19.5 82 498,061 16.5 67 488,471 13.7 65 907,743 7.2
10.00–16.99 74 525,094 14.1 206 855,502 24.1 144 725,207 19.9 134 706,356 19.0 80 1,422,158 5.6
 ≥17 184 1,021,834 18.0 365 1,385,572 26.3 267 1,089,949 24.5 226 1,059,250 21.3 198 2,375,071 8.3
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 40 398,452 10.0 74 428,442 17.3 61 386,869 15.8 43 366,023 11.7 51 609,298 8.4
5.00–8.99 50 412,995 12.1 115 620,700 18.5 96 567,799 16.9 83 549,930 15.1 57 1,008,952 5.6
9.00–15.99 91 639,053 14.2 217 1,004,708 21.6 176 869,942 20.2 131 877,835 14.9 107 1,739,968 6.1
 ≥16 147 748,665 19.6 340 1,204,138 28.2 238 1,006,532 23.6 220 994,422 22.1 193 2,203,704 8.8
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 177 992,129 17.8 376 1,409,617 26.7 264 1,111,289 23.8 236 1,078,585 21.9 196 2,459,950 8.0
46,000–61,999 82 505,573 16.2 200 802,799 24.9 130 676,437 19.2 103 659,803 15.6 91 1,285,852 7.1
62,000–85,999 45 396,315 11.4 103 644,657 16.0 104 596,638 17.4 79 580,229 13.6 62 1,037,468 6.0
 ≥86,000 22 267,053 8.2 62 384,722 16.1 68 435,063 15.6 55 459,380 12.0 58 753,834 7.7
Without health insurance (%)
<4 33 284,807 11.6 49 364,214 13.5 35 350,015 10.0 39 360,408 10.8 47 723,328 6.5
4.00–7.99 46 487,653 9.4 133 697,443 19.1 111 640,168 17.3 95 640,822 14.8 72 1,272,464 5.7
8.00–13.99 96 630,603 15.2 199 945,540 21.0 174 822,073 21.2 140 812,193 17.2 111 1,631,877 6.8
 ≥14 153 793,520 19.3 365 1,249,440 29.2 251 1,018,106 24.7 203 974,266 20.8 178 1,933,960 9.2
Gini index (%)
<37 50 446,352 11.2 135 705,235 19.1 127 674,952 18.8 85 660,497 12.9 83 1,039,080 8.0
37.00–40.99 67 434,665 15.4 130 690,301 18.8 116 625,430 18.5 111 606,908 18.3 74 1,151,771 6.4
41.00–45.99 100 566,585 17.6 214 864,068 24.8 145 726,872 19.9 127 724,047 17.5 108 1,509,686 7.2
 ≥46 111 733,353 15.1 265 996,059 26.6 182 802,391 22.7 153 795,716 19.2 143 1,860,612 7.7
Subtotalb 351 2,199,165 16.0 787 3,257,988 24.2 594 2,831,142 21.0 493 2,788,210 17.7 436 5,561,922 7.8
Totalc 2,934 4,467,976 65.7 4,408 6,426,119 68.6 1,899 5,388,787 35.2 1,216 5,248,321 23.2 1,119 9,811,615 11.4
Table 13. Diagnoses of HIV infection among adults aged ≥18 years, by age at diagnosis, race/ethnicity, assigned sex at birth, and selected social determinants of health, 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic)—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
Hispanic/Latinoa
18–24 years 25–34 years 35–44 years 45–54 years ≥55 years
No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate
Male sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 151 597,018 25.3 370 861,699 42.9 177 862,599 20.5 98 724,474 13.5 58 831,941 7.0
6.00–9.99 224 689,381 32.5 473 1,021,064 46.3 235 941,471 25.0 113 739,447 15.3 86 898,499 9.6
10.00–16.99 338 1,001,391 33.8 799 1,471,913 54.3 403 1,281,930 31.4 221 1,027,460 21.5 108 1,247,932 8.7
 ≥17 484 1,342,278 36.1 922 1,711,463 53.9 495 1,466,605 33.8 306 1,190,045 25.7 170 1,759,656 9.7
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 127 469,346 27.1 313 553,775 56.5 153 482,653 31.7 83 388,646 21.4 35 472,108 7.4
5.00–8.99 164 488,938 33.5 373 711,501 52.4 168 642,276 26.2 89 506,644 17.6 50 624,310 8.0
9.00–15.99 255 774,600 32.9 570 1,139,027 50.0 285 1,029,307 27.7 171 814,151 21.0 93 1,039,350 8.9
 ≥16 651 1,921,667 33.9 1,308 2,689,651 48.6 705 2,419,315 29.1 395 1,983,275 19.9 245 2,608,325 9.4
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 443 1,187,015 37.3 854 1,521,775 56.1 418 1,315,186 31.8 290 1,071,879 27.1 160 1,660,830 9.6
46,000–61,999 311 965,962 32.2 703 1,375,844 51.1 376 1,189,644 31.6 186 944,862 19.7 113 1,135,064 10.0
62,000–85,999 262 874,584 30.0 578 1,300,101 44.5 321 1,167,493 27.5 169 920,911 18.4 93 1,081,215 8.6
 ≥86,000 178 578,228 30.8 421 848,495 49.6 191 864,176 22.1 90 730,497 12.3 54 844,316 6.4
Without health insurance (%)
<4 106 434,971 24.4 241 544,733 44.2 103 517,665 19.9 63 431,571 14.6 38 599,425 6.3
4.00–7.99 225 680,396 33.1 487 940,576 51.8 234 845,779 27.7 115 706,068 16.3 72 1,013,706 7.1
8.00–13.99 274 880,843 31.1 616 1,270,982 48.5 299 1,107,927 27.0 177 895,508 19.8 103 1,188,506 8.7
 ≥14 592 1,641,880 36.1 1,220 2,310,121 52.8 674 2,081,236 32.4 383 1,648,282 23.2 209 1,936,413 10.8
Gini index (%)
<37 271 918,276 29.5 589 1,279,614 46.0 260 1,201,301 21.6 130 949,412 13.7 84 1,029,391 8.2
37.00–40.99 281 887,450 31.7 607 1,255,881 48.3 298 1,145,914 26.0 154 905,759 17.0 94 1,103,075 8.5
41.00–45.99 318 939,494 33.8 625 1,351,111 46.3 343 1,182,666 29.0 222 968,147 22.9 117 1,292,448 9.1
 ≥46 327 878,825 37.2 743 1,173,711 63.3 409 1,017,451 40.2 232 854,115 27.2 127 1,309,553 9.7
Subtotalb 1245 3,654,551 34.1 2,664 5,093,954 52.3 1,379 4,573,551 30.2 774 3,692,716 21.0 437 4,744,093 9.2
Female sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 14 564,192 2.5 18 803,642 2.2 25 846,426 3.0 18 732,336 2.5 10 968,285 1.0
6.00–9.99 8 643,248 1.2 38 944,932 4.0 30 890,107 3.4 24 730,228 3.3 22 1,042,949 2.1
10.00–16.99 33 952,357 3.5 60 1,336,234 4.5 46 1,194,068 3.9 36 992,534 3.6 41 1,446,927 2.8
 ≥17 53 1,291,943 4.1 100 1,594,217 6.3 94 1,422,166 6.6 64 1,211,276 5.3 53 2,117,642 2.5
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 15 483,756 3.1 19 540,451 3.5 26 495,463 5.2 8 415,105 1.9 10 581,811 1.7
5.00–8.99 9 475,150 1.9 18 685,454 2.6 20 640,102 3.1 16 528,030 3.0 11 759,328 1.4
9.00–15.99 22 742,169 3.0 46 1,052,214 4.4 35 979,224 3.6 33 813,681 4.1 28 1,245,401 2.2
 ≥16 62 1,763,781 3.5 133 2,402,253 5.5 114 2,238,858 5.1 85 1,909,869 4.5 77 2,989,400 2.6
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 47 1,130,994 4.2 96 1,419,181 6.8 89 1,278,058 7.0 61 1,096,007 5.6 55 2,000,279 2.7
46,000–61,999 28 908,901 3.1 54 1,247,175 4.3 37 1,115,470 3.3 42 912,556 4.6 32 1,314,259 2.4
62,000–85,999 20 835,492 2.4 43 1,196,455 3.6 35 1,104,556 3.2 24 907,437 2.6 22 1,252,977 1.8
 ≥86,000 12 557,772 2.2 23 804,213 2.9 34 843,795 4.0 15 741,446 2.0 16 992,228 1.6
Without health insurance (%)
<4 8 420,037 1.9 20 521,888 3.8 16 515,385 3.1 17 449,535 3.8 7 727,193 1.0
4.00–7.99 18 666,119 2.7 30 907,804 3.3 34 843,593 4.0 19 724,669 2.6 34 1,224,903 2.8
8.00–13.99 18 853,734 2.1 56 1,181,644 4.7 39 1,073,739 3.6 31 908,965 3.4 29 1,428,328 2.0
 ≥14 64 1,523,273 4.2 110 2,067,816 5.3 106 1,920,089 5.5 75 1,583,247 4.7 56 2,195,379 2.6
Gini index (%)
<37 15 854,355 1.8 43 1,177,048 3.7 39 1,148,927 3.4 29 920,479 3.2 20 1,165,350 1.7
37.00–40.99 26 829,083 3.1 47 1,151,340 4.1 36 1,071,325 3.4 33 894,852 3.7 28 1,270,094 2.2
41.00–45.99 31 896,186 3.5 57 1,250,590 4.6 53 1,133,135 4.7 39 970,315 4.0 31 1,518,188 2.0
 ≥46 36 866,768 4.2 69 1,099,521 6.3 67 999,078 6.7 41 880,479 4.7 47 1,621,850 2.9
Subtotalb 116 3,464,856 3.3 225 4,680,372 4.8 207 4,353,647 4.8 148 3,666,685 4.0 134 5,575,940 2.4
Totalc 1361 7,119,407 19.1 2,889 9,774,326 29.6 1,586 8,927,198 17.8 922 7,359,401 12.5 571 10,320,033 5.5
Table 13. Diagnoses of HIV infection among adults aged ≥18 years, by age at diagnosis, race/ethnicity, assigned sex at birth, and selected social determinants of health, 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic)—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander
18–24 years 25–34 years 35–44 years 45–54 years ≥55 years
No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate
Male sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 3 7,535 39.8 3 14,253 21.0 5 11,652 42.9 2 11,729 17.1 0 15,608 0
6.00–9.99 0 7,985 0 5 13,279 37.7 1 10,901 9.2 1 8,179 12.2 1 15,659 6.4
10.00–16.99 2 10,003 20.0 5 14,843 33.7 3 11,794 25.4 0 9,527 0 0 14,355 0
 ≥17 0 9,690 0 2 12,680 15.8 2 9,985 20.0 1 5,742 17.4 0 10,321 0
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 1 8,918 11.2 5 11,312 44.2 2 8,670 23.1 0 7,969 0 1 11,446 8.7
5.00–8.99 3 8,629 34.8 2 13,693 14.6 5 11,698 42.7 1 8,472 11.8 0 15,254 0
9.00–15.99 1 9,111 11.0 4 14,266 28.0 3 12,171 24.6 1 10,818 9.2 0 14,699 0
 ≥16 0 8,854 0 4 16,112 24.8 1 12,025 8.3 2 8,005 25.0 0 14,645 0
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 0 7,398 0 2 10,184 19.6 2 7,283 27.5 1 4,021 24.9 0 7,478 0
46,000–61,999 2 8,966 22.3 4 12,205 32.8 3 9,557 31.4 0 7,356 0 0 10,391 0
62,000–85,999 2 9,186 21.8 5 16,752 29.8 3 13,477 22.3 1 10,129 9.9 0 17,047 0
 ≥86,000 1 9,181 10.9 4 15,746 25.4 3 13,804 21.7 2 13,539 14.8 1 20,911 4.8
Without health insurance (%)
<4 2 8,062 24.8 3 12,322 24.3 3 9,764 30.7 0 9,256 0 0 16,337 0
4.00–7.99 0 9,960 0 3 14,673 20.4 3 13,297 22.6 1 11,004 9.1 1 17,746 5.6
8.00–13.99 2 9,153 21.9 6 15,186 39.5 4 11,832 33.8 2 8,785 22.8 0 12,662 0
 ≥14 1 8,091 12.4 3 12,874 23.3 1 9,439 10.6 1 6,132 16.3 0 9,198 0
Gini index (%)
<37 1 10,603 9.4 4 16,989 23.5 3 14,016 21.4 2 12,397 16.1 0 15,724 0
37.00–40.99 2 8,633 23.2 3 13,749 21.8 2 10,938 18.3 1 8,946 11.2 0 14,759 0
41.00–45.99 2 7,974 25.1 3 13,508 22.2 5 10,507 47.6 0 7,752 0 0 14,425 0
 ≥46 0 7,939 0 5 10,734 46.6 1 8,779 11.4 1 6,025 16.6 1 10,981 9.1
Subtotalb 6 35,512 16.9 16 55,383 28.9 12 44,564 26.9 4 35,264 11.3 1 56,044 1.8
Female sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 0 6,990 0 0 12,429 0 1 10,729 9.3 0 10,067 0 0 18,790 0
6.00–9.99 0 7,348 0 0 12,734 0 0 10,432 0 1 10,484 9.5 0 16,729 0
10.00–16.99 0 8,703 0 1 15,766 6.3 1 13,011 7.7 0 10,224 0 3 17,217 17.4
 ≥17 1 9,638 10.4 2 11,544 17.3 0 9,362 0 1 6,488 15.4 1 11,267 8.9
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 0 7,329 0 1 9,587 10.4 1 8,523 11.7 0 7,663 0 0 13,634 0
5.00–8.99 0 8,294 0 1 12,753 7.8 1 10,544 9.5 1 9,507 10.5 1 17,074 5.9
9.00–15.99 0 8,185 0 0 15,217 0 0 12,485 0 0 11,126 0 1 16,707 6.0
 ≥16 1 9,044 11.1 1 14,964 6.7 0 11,982 0 1 8,967 11.2 2 16,588 12.1
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 1 7,247 13.8 2 9,638 20.8 1 7,593 13.2 1 4,885 20.5 1 8,370 11.9
46,000–61,999 0 8,502 0 0 12,747 0 0 9,482 0 1 8,632 11.6 1 13,203 7.6
62,000–85,999 0 8,793 0 1 15,879 6.3 0 12,932 0 0 11,419 0 2 19,153 10.4
 ≥86,000 0 8,045 0 0 14,033 0 1 13,449 7.4 0 12,270 0 0 23,096 0
Without health insurance (%)
<4 0 6,754 0 0 10,477 0 1 9,664 10.3 0 8,728 0 0 18,058 0
4.00–7.99 0 9,505 0 1 15,540 6.4 0 12,965 0 0 11,701 0 1 20,827 4.8
8.00–13.99 0 8,326 0 1 14,092 7.1 1 11,491 8.7 1 10,037 10.0 1 15,577 6.4
 ≥14 1 8,202 12.2 1 12,364 8.1 0 9,414 0 1 6,797 14.7 2 9,541 21.0
Gini index (%)
<37 0 9,619 0 0 17,127 0 1 13,970 7.2 1 11,763 8.5 0 18,251 0
37.00–40.99 1 8,099 12.3 0 12,463 0 1 10,179 9.8 0 9,464 0 2 16,931 11.8
41.00–45.99 0 7,517 0 1 12,173 8.2 0 11,593 0 1 8,847 11.3 1 17,104 5.8
 ≥46 0 7,429 0 2 10,710 18.7 0 7,791 0 0 7,189 0 1 11,678 8.6
Subtotalb 1 32,852 3.0 3 52,521 5.7 2 43,534 4.6 2 37,263 5.4 4 64,003 6.2
Totalc 7 68,364 10.2 19 107,904 17.6 14 88,098 15.9 6 72,527 8.3 5 120,047 4.2
Table 13. Diagnoses of HIV infection among adults aged ≥18 years, by age at diagnosis, race/ethnicity, assigned sex at birth, and selected social determinants of health, 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic)—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
White
18–24 years 25–34 years 35–44 years 45–54 years ≥55 years
No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate
Male sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 147 2,453,282 6.0 415 3,956,748 10.5 258 4,339,558 5.9 221 5,000,375 4.4 213 11,842,797 1.8
6.00–9.99 127 1,847,425 6.9 419 3,326,663 12.6 242 3,036,409 8.0 212 3,307,832 6.4 220 8,616,742 2.6
10.00–16.99 178 1,867,218 9.5 529 3,264,742 16.2 296 2,748,823 10.8 228 2,932,984 7.8 238 7,715,761 3.1
 ≥17 186 2,091,586 8.9 480 2,142,117 22.4 287 1,589,820 18.1 225 1,651,069 13.6 169 4,174,980 4.0
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 168 2,984,447 5.6 475 3,779,297 12.6 253 3,601,720 7.0 224 3,969,860 5.6 220 9,741,997 2.3
5.00–8.99 144 2,224,077 6.5 442 3,570,111 12.4 256 3,342,243 7.7 217 3,678,966 5.9 224 9,262,612 2.4
9.00–15.99 190 2,006,614 9.5 468 3,371,199 13.9 320 3,048,459 10.5 244 3,364,698 7.3 215 8,670,796 2.5
 ≥16 136 1,107,508 12.3 459 1,993,596 23.0 254 1,740,425 14.6 201 1,893,612 10.6 182 4,687,922 3.9
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 166 1,899,218 8.7 452 2,095,416 21.6 293 1,639,162 17.9 211 1,786,512 11.8 185 4,947,601 3.7
46,000–61,999 173 2,002,871 8.6 506 3,235,431 15.6 265 2,739,003 9.7 230 2,947,994 7.8 220 8,036,998 2.7
62,000–85,999 164 2,167,413 7.6 484 3,846,791 12.6 288 3,472,686 8.3 234 3,726,571 6.3 227 9,543,929 2.4
 ≥86,000 135 2,100,604 6.4 393 3,486,105 11.3 235 3,840,832 6.1 209 4,408,476 4.7 205 9,769,744 2.1
Without health insurance (%)
<4 130 2,476,937 5.2 336 3,463,592 9.7 193 3,561,791 5.4 178 4,121,313 4.3 188 10,395,195 1.8
4.00–7.99 161 2,539,456 6.3 474 3,804,822 12.5 286 3,537,563 8.1 247 3,847,774 6.4 239 9,696,131 2.5
8.00–13.99 165 1,979,096 8.3 479 3,185,239 15.0 299 2,777,111 10.8 233 2,957,734 7.9 205 7,443,984 2.8
 ≥14 182 1,304,202 14.0 555 2,237,254 24.8 305 1,838,254 16.6 228 1,965,459 11.6 208 4,815,451 4.3
Gini index (%)
<37 153 1,968,499 7.8 413 3,301,820 12.5 228 3,184,151 7.2 172 3,369,875 5.1 163 7,440,179 2.2
37.00–40.99 139 2,004,013 6.9 436 3,285,470 13.3 248 3,111,737 8.0 187 3,433,497 5.4 206 8,544,372 2.4
41.00–45.99 174 2,151,688 8.1 486 3,415,919 14.2 304 3,119,214 9.7 263 3,503,835 7.5 225 9,221,297 2.4
 ≥46 172 2,113,156 8.1 508 2,680,121 19.0 303 2,293,189 13.2 264 2,579,216 10.2 246 7,136,859 3.4
Subtotalb 688 8,322,646 8.3 1,966 12,714,203 15.5 1,167 11,732,847 9.9 936 12,907,136 7.3 890 32,363,327 2.8
Female sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 26 2,224,926 1.2 59 3,912,455 1.5 47 4,378,751 1.1 40 5,097,771 0.8 30 13,234,617 0.2
6.00–9.99 27 1,716,594 1.6 52 3,226,337 1.6 58 2,986,842 1.9 33 3,324,974 1.0 29 9,857,876 0.3
10.00–16.99 28 1,782,974 1.6 68 3,161,937 2.2 62 2,690,177 2.3 44 2,930,786 1.5 51 8,984,037 0.6
 ≥17 27 2,113,044 1.3 109 1,998,239 5.5 71 1,521,252 4.7 67 1,608,020 4.2 39 4,873,478 0.8
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 19 2,897,544 0.7 46 3,699,227 1.2 33 3,629,683 0.9 30 4,062,638 0.7 27 11,055,075 0.2
5.00–8.99 21 2,098,558 1.0 61 3,478,375 1.8 56 3,310,932 1.7 31 3,726,508 0.8 34 10,637,904 0.3
9.00–15.99 40 1,876,902 2.1 78 3,279,255 2.4 78 3,012,060 2.6 55 3,368,857 1.6 45 9,957,916 0.5
 ≥16 28 1,010,450 2.8 103 1,845,168 5.6 71 1,626,424 4.4 68 1,804,560 3.8 43 5,299,877 0.8
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 30 1,879,970 1.6 108 1,981,899 5.4 78 1,610,125 4.8 62 1,782,341 3.5 46 5,912,603 0.8
46,000–61,999 23 1,868,035 1.2 73 3,107,606 2.3 62 2,672,053 2.3 48 2,957,086 1.6 50 9,398,909 0.5
62,000–85,999 38 2,036,451 1.9 55 3,733,206 1.5 66 3,401,078 1.9 46 3,745,696 1.2 30 10,879,196 0.3
 ≥86,000 17 1,965,478 0.9 51 3,459,802 1.5 31 3,879,504 0.8 28 4,461,389 0.6 23 10,712,970 0.2
Without health insurance (%)
<4 17 2,335,056 0.7 35 3,399,427 1.0 36 3,595,646 1.0 26 4,199,638 0.6 25 11,869,769 0.2
4.00–7.99 32 2,436,933 1.3 72 3,708,475 1.9 62 3,497,047 1.8 34 3,892,803 0.9 41 11,048,083 0.4
8.00–13.99 26 1,883,425 1.4 82 3,069,009 2.7 61 2,716,711 2.2 51 2,958,553 1.7 36 8,523,953 0.4
 ≥14 33 1,225,336 2.7 99 2,122,380 4.7 79 1,767,645 4.5 73 1,910,600 3.8 47 5,508,321 0.9
Gini index (%)
<37 27 1,776,944 1.5 53 3,202,923 1.7 47 3,140,522 1.5 53 3,379,122 1.6 28 8,284,685 0.3
37.00–40.99 33 1,873,326 1.8 84 3,206,996 2.6 55 3,078,719 1.8 30 3,466,647 0.9 32 9,734,551 0.3
41.00–45.99 28 2,035,788 1.4 65 3,293,459 2.0 73 3,098,021 2.4 58 3,532,806 1.6 52 10,634,912 0.5
 ≥46 20 2,128,976 0.9 86 2,594,154 3.3 63 2,258,801 2.8 43 2,582,192 1.7 37 8,294,599 0.4
Subtotalb 114 7,883,454 1.4 311 12,302,025 2.5 248 11,579,099 2.1 196 12,962,563 1.5 158 36,950,772 0.4
Totalc 802 16,206,100 4.9 2,277 25,016,228 9.1 1,415 23,311,946 6.1 1,132 25,869,699 4.4 1,048 69,314,099 1.5
Table 13. Diagnoses of HIV infection among adults aged ≥18 years, by age at diagnosis, race/ethnicity, assigned sex at birth, and selected social determinants of health, 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic)—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
Multiracial
18–24 years 25–34 years 35–44 years 45–54 years ≥55 years
No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate
Male sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 25 246,991 10.1 42 293,910 14.3 24 277,833 8.6 15 217,806 6.9 6 269,639 2.2
6.00–9.99 22 212,442 10.4 40 281,519 14.2 20 231,643 8.6 11 171,652 6.4 6 241,210 2.5
10.00–16.99 45 246,655 18.2 58 340,640 17.0 32 259,257 12.3 23 198,471 11.6 8 278,221 2.9
 ≥17 51 291,423 17.5 84 327,458 25.7 42 236,742 17.7 20 188,381 10.6 10 294,335 3.4
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 22 244,377 9.0 44 257,051 17.1 21 203,445 10.3 17 150,157 11.3 6 198,516 3.0
5.00–8.99 35 210,726 16.6 40 263,719 15.2 22 215,522 10.2 11 156,533 7.0 4 216,949 1.8
9.00–15.99 40 244,254 16.4 69 315,361 21.9 34 245,294 13.9 23 189,561 12.1 10 274,867 3.6
 ≥16 46 305,351 15.1 71 413,349 17.2 41 345,474 11.9 18 283,174 6.4 10 394,642 2.5
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 57 254,957 22.4 76 287,168 26.5 36 212,072 17.0 17 170,252 10.0 9 284,862 3.2
46,000–61,999 38 243,115 15.6 57 312,271 18.3 34 233,674 14.6 12 181,708 6.6 5 253,966 2.0
62,000–85,999 26 252,668 10.3 51 339,959 15.0 23 271,273 8.5 20 199,670 10.0 6 271,307 2.2
 ≥86,000 21 238,584 8.8 40 299,792 13.3 25 285,658 8.8 19 222,183 8.6 10 269,232 3.7
Without health insurance (%)
<4 22 212,736 10.3 30 227,746 13.2 12 198,452 6.0 12 155,599 7.7 4 213,091 1.9
4.00–7.99 31 259,025 12.0 58 304,846 19.0 31 241,612 12.8 15 185,125 8.1 7 273,708 2.6
8.00–13.99 38 240,158 15.8 59 323,544 18.2 34 248,211 13.7 17 183,115 9.3 6 271,170 2.2
 ≥14 52 288,760 18.0 77 387,454 19.9 41 317,200 12.9 25 252,486 9.9 13 325,442 4.0
Gini index (%)
<37 28 262,962 10.6 49 328,784 14.9 20 277,495 7.2 12 211,198 5.7 5 246,695 2.0
37.00–40.99 33 242,493 13.6 47 302,081 15.6 24 252,275 9.5 12 195,685 6.1 8 260,572 3.1
41.00–45.99 41 259,123 15.8 56 332,054 16.9 29 258,088 11.2 23 201,328 11.4 7 303,854 2.3
 ≥46 41 230,647 17.8 72 279,212 25.8 45 216,548 20.8 22 167,124 13.2 10 271,251 3.7
Subtotalb 155 1,004,708 15.4 236 1,249,480 18.9 130 1,009,735 12.9 74 779,425 9.5 32 1,084,974 2.9
Female sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 5 228,437 2.2 10 291,961 3.4 5 282,004 1.8 2 226,826 0.9 3 307,131 1.0
6.00–9.99 4 200,935 2.0 10 283,978 3.5 5 232,219 2.2 1 186,295 0.5 5 282,906 1.8
10.00–16.99 9 243,187 3.7 14 328,176 4.3 5 251,127 2.0 7 209,269 3.3 7 333,706 2.1
 ≥17 8 296,038 2.7 9 312,774 2.9 10 236,869 4.2 9 201,621 4.5 6 357,355 1.7
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 6 250,362 2.4 7 260,483 2.7 2 217,740 0.9 1 163,585 0.6 7 230,119 3.0
5.00–8.99 6 203,780 2.9 11 272,223 4.0 5 215,473 2.3 2 170,911 1.2 4 262,157 1.5
9.00–15.99 9 238,667 3.8 14 306,738 4.6 8 248,099 3.2 6 205,976 2.9 3 336,716 0.9
 ≥16 5 280,668 1.8 11 377,827 2.9 10 321,122 3.1 10 283,618 3.5 7 452,147 1.5
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 10 258,748 3.9 9 281,685 3.2 9 212,445 4.2 9 183,925 4.9 7 355,774 2.0
46,000–61,999 8 226,491 3.5 16 291,306 5.5 7 227,306 3.1 5 188,455 2.7 3 305,724 1.0
62,000–85,999 4 250,331 1.6 14 338,861 4.1 4 270,567 1.5 4 217,616 1.8 4 314,428 1.3
 ≥86,000 4 225,473 1.8 4 301,918 1.3 5 288,942 1.7 1 232,462 0.4 6 300,995 2.0
Without health insurance (%)
<4 5 207,142 2.4 6 236,310 2.5 6 205,838 2.9 0 163,440 0 4 251,346 1.6
4.00–7.99 1 251,150 0.4 11 303,437 3.6 5 247,665 2.0 5 202,515 2.5 5 322,442 1.6
8.00–13.99 11 240,636 4.6 7 312,940 2.2 5 244,089 2.0 3 201,062 1.5 4 332,237 1.2
 ≥14 9 273,976 3.3 19 364,259 5.2 9 304,627 3.0 11 256,994 4.3 8 375,073 2.1
Gini index (%)
<37 4 242,944 1.6 12 322,865 3.7 6 274,773 2.2 3 215,676 1.4 3 272,848 1.1
37.00–40.99 5 229,549 2.2 10 294,756 3.4 8 251,596 3.2 6 199,498 3.0 3 309,516 1.0
41.00–45.99 8 252,416 3.2 6 323,510 1.9 3 260,896 1.1 5 224,840 2.2 7 360,613 1.9
 ≥46 9 241,712 3.7 15 275,443 5.4 8 214,787 3.7 5 183,885 2.7 8 338,029 2.4
Subtotalb 30 973,477 3.1 46 1,217,271 3.8 25 1,002,434 2.5 21 824,090 2.5 21 1,281,139 1.6
Totalc 185 1,978,185 9.4 282 2,466,751 11.4 155 2,012,169 7.7 95 1,603,515 5.9 53 2,366,113 2.2

Abbreviations: Pop., population; SDOH, social determinants of health [footnotes only].

Note. Data for 2020 should be interpreted with caution due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on access to HIV testing, care-related services, and case surveillance activities in state/local jurisdictions. Row entries indicate categories based on census tracts; data reflect the census tract of the person’s residential address at the time they received an HIV diagnosis. Rates are per 100,000 population. For the definitions of SDOH indicator variables used in this report, see http://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/tech_docs/subject_definitions/2020_ACSSubjectDefinitions.pdf.

aHispanic/Latino persons can be of any race.
bBecause column subtotals were calculated independently of the values for the subpopulations, the values in each column may not sum to the column subtotals. See Technical Notes for criteria used to define SDOH subpopulations.
cTotals do not represent all adults aged ≥18 years whose HIV infection was diagnosed during 2020 in these areas. See Technical Notes for exclusion criteria.

Table 14. Diagnoses of HIV infection among adults aged ≥18 years, by transmission category, race/ethnicity, assigned sex at birth, and selected social determinants of health, 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic)—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
American Indian/Alaska Native
Male-to-male sexual contactb Injection drug usec Male-to-male sexual contactb and injection drug usec Heterosexual contactd
No. % No. % No. % No. %
Male sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 14 18.3 0 3.2 2 16.3 0 4.0
6.00–9.99 8 10.4 0 0 0 0.8 0 4.0
10.00–16.99 24 31.6 0 3.2 2 19.5 2 60.0
 ≥17 30 39.6 6 93.5 8 63.4 1 32.0
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 9 11.6 0 1.6 2 17.1 0 0
5.00–8.99 14 19.3 0 0 5 42.3 0 16.0
9.00–15.99 25 33.6 2 24.2 0 2.4 0 4.0
 ≥16 27 35.5 5 74.2 5 38.2 2 80.0
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 29 39.0 5 77.4 6 48.0 1 40.0
46,000–61,999 23 30.1 1 21.0 3 25.2 0 4.0
62,000–85,999 12 15.5 0 0 2 17.1 1 52.0
 ≥86,000 12 15.4 0 1.6 1 9.8 0 4.0
Without health insurance (%)
<4 7 9.6 0 6.5 2 17.1 0 12.0
4.00–7.99 15 20.5 0 1.6 2 17.9 0 12.0
8.00–13.99 25 32.9 1 8.1 4 35.8 1 20.0
 ≥14 28 36.9 5 83.9 4 29.3 1 56.0
Gini index (%)
<37 14 19.3 0 4.8 1 9.8 1 44.0
37.00–40.99 14 18.6 0 0 4 33.3 0 0
41.00–45.99 21 28.2 5 72.6 4 35.8 1 32.0
 ≥46 25 33.9 1 22.6 3 21.1 1 24.0
Subtotale 89 100 7 100 14 100 3 100
Female sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6  –  – 2 23.3  –  – 3 16.5
6.00–9.99  –  – 1 11.6  –  – 1 5.5
10.00–16.99  –  – 2 24.4  –  – 10 53.8
 ≥17  –  – 4 40.7  –  – 4 24.2
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5  –  – 2 23.3  –  – 3 16.5
5.00–8.99  –  – 1 8.1  –  – 3 18.1
9.00–15.99  –  – 5 52.3  –  – 5 29.7
 ≥16  –  – 1 16.3  –  – 7 35.7
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000  –  – 3 33.7  –  – 8 44.0
46,000–61,999  –  – 2 27.9  –  – 4 19.2
62,000–85,999  –  – 2 26.7  –  – 3 14.8
 ≥86,000  –  – 1 11.6  –  – 4 22.0
Without health insurance (%)
<4  –  – 0 0  –  – 2 11.0
4.00–7.99  –  – 2 17.4  –  – 6 30.2
8.00–13.99  –  – 5 61.6  –  – 6 30.8
 ≥14  –  – 2 20.9  –  – 5 28.0
Gini index (%)
<37  –  – 3 30.2  –  – 2 13.2
37.00–40.99  –  – 0 1.2  –  – 4 20.9
41.00–45.99  –  – 2 19.8  –  – 7 39.6
 ≥46  –  – 4 48.8  –  – 5 26.4
Subtotale –  – 11 100 –  – 20 100
Totalf 89 100 19 100 14 100 22 100
Table 14. Diagnoses of HIV infection among adults aged ≥18 years, by transmission category, race/ethnicity, assigned sex at birth, and selected social determinants of health, 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic)—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
Asian
Male-to-male sexual contactb Injection drug usec Male-to-male sexual contactb and injection drug usec Heterosexual contactd
No. % No. % No. % No. %
Male sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 104 24.8 4 33.6 3 32.9 7 24.7
6.00–9.99 95 22.6 2 13.9 1 6.3 10 33.3
10.00–16.99 117 28.0 5 41.0 2 19.0 7 25.1
 ≥17 103 24.6 1 11.5 3 41.8 5 16.8
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 83 19.8 4 28.7 1 17.7 10 35.4
5.00–8.99 92 22.0 2 16.4 2 19.0 5 17.5
9.00–15.99 105 25.1 2 18.9 3 32.9 7 23.4
 ≥16 139 33.1 4 36.1 2 30.4 7 23.7
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 66 15.8 1 4.1 2 26.6 6 18.9
46,000–61,999 92 22.0 2 16.4 1 17.7 6 19.2
62,000–85,999 115 27.5 4 32.0 2 20.3 7 23.7
 ≥86,000 145 34.7 6 47.5 3 35.4 11 38.1
Without health insurance (%)
<4 86 20.4 3 20.5 2 29.1 8 26.1
4.00–7.99 131 31.3 3 27.0 3 32.9 8 28.9
8.00–13.99 99 23.7 5 41.0 2 19.0 4 14.8
 ≥14 103 24.6 1 11.5 2 19.0 9 30.2
Gini index (%)
<37 107 25.5 4 32.8 2 20.3 5 16.8
37.00–40.99 92 22.0 5 44.3 2 21.5 8 26.5
41.00–45.99 104 24.7 1 10.7 1 15.2 12 41.9
 ≥46 117 27.8 2 12.3 3 43.0 4 14.8
Subtotale 442 100 12 100 8 100 30 100
Female sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6  –  – 1 17.2  –  – 20 31.6
6.00–9.99  –  – 2 55.2  –  – 17 26.6
10.00–16.99  –  – 1 20.7  –  – 16 25.4
 ≥17  –  – 0 6.9  –  – 11 16.4
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5  –  – 0 10.3  –  – 14 22.5
5.00–8.99  –  – 0 3.4  –  – 9 13.3
9.00–15.99  –  – 2 69.0  –  – 23 35.7
 ≥16  –  – 1 17.2  –  – 18 28.5
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000  –  – 0 6.9  –  – 8 12.1
46,000–61,999  –  – 0 13.8  –  – 13 21.3
62,000–85,999  –  – 2 62.1  –  – 19 29.7
 ≥86,000  –  – 1 17.2  –  – 23 36.9
Without health insurance (%)
<4  –  – 1 17.2  –  – 10 16.1
4.00–7.99  –  – 0 3.4  –  – 20 31.9
8.00–13.99  –  – 0 13.8  –  – 13 21.0
 ≥14  –  – 2 65.5  –  – 20 31.0
Gini index (%)
<37  –  – 1 20.7  –  – 16 25.0
37.00–40.99  –  – 2 55.2  –  – 22 34.1
41.00–45.99  –  – 1 17.2  –  – 15 22.7
 ≥46  –  – 0 6.9  –  – 12 18.2
Subtotale –  – 3 100 –  – 66 100
Totalf 442 100 15 100 8 100 96 100
Table 14. Diagnoses of HIV infection among adults aged ≥18 years, by transmission category, race/ethnicity, assigned sex at birth, and selected social determinants of health, 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic)—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
Black/African American
Male-to-male sexual contactb Injection drug usec Male-to-male sexual contactb and injection drug usec Heterosexual contactd
No. % No. % No. % No. %
Male sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 852 12.3 25 10.2 25 14.1 135 12.7
6.00–9.99 1,003 14.5 31 12.6 19 10.7 154 14.4
10.00–16.99 1,750 25.2 59 23.8 44 25.1 251 23.6
 ≥17 3,331 48.0 133 53.5 88 50.1 526 49.3
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 921 13.3 23 9.4 18 10.5 103 9.7
5.00–8.99 1,241 17.9 35 13.9 32 18.4 163 15.2
9.00–15.99 2,075 29.9 72 28.9 46 26.1 325 30.4
 ≥16 2,703 39.0 119 47.8 79 45.1 476 44.6
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 3,321 48.1 120 48.5 87 49.6 527 49.7
46,000–61,999 1,646 23.9 66 26.7 42 24.0 258 24.4
62,000–85,999 1,254 18.2 42 17.0 31 17.7 181 17.1
 ≥86,000 677 9.8 19 7.8 15 8.7 93 8.8
Without health insurance (%)
<4 636 9.2 21 8.6 17 9.8 87 8.2
4.00–7.99 1,348 19.4 55 22.0 37 21.0 183 17.1
8.00–13.99 1,933 27.9 78 31.1 48 27.2 283 26.6
 ≥14 3,022 43.6 95 38.3 74 42.0 513 48.1
Gini index (%)
<37 1,319 19.0 32 13.0 26 14.9 193 18.1
37.00–40.99 1,406 20.3 62 24.7 38 21.8 216 20.3
41.00–45.99 1,821 26.3 63 25.4 51 29.2 281 26.4
 ≥46 2,387 34.4 92 36.9 60 34.1 376 35.2
Subtotale 7,348 100 265 100 182 100 1,109 100
Female sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6  –  – 21 9.8  –  – 272 11.9
6.00–9.99  –  – 29 13.6  –  – 323 14.1
10.00–16.99  –  – 51 24.1  –  – 582 25.4
 ≥17  –  – 110 52.5  –  – 1,116 48.7
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5  –  – 21 9.8  –  – 244 10.6
5.00–8.99  –  – 29 14.0  –  – 369 16.1
9.00–15.99  –  – 57 27.3  –  – 657 28.7
 ≥16  –  – 103 48.9  –  – 1,024 44.7
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000  –  – 106 50.7  –  – 1,132 49.7
46,000–61,999  –  – 53 25.3  –  – 547 24.0
62,000–85,999  –  – 30 14.3  –  – 359 15.8
 ≥86,000  –  – 20 9.7  –  – 241 10.6
Without health insurance (%)
<4  –  – 18 8.8  –  – 180 7.9
4.00–7.99  –  – 37 17.6  –  – 414 18.0
8.00–13.99  –  – 67 31.6  –  – 646 28.2
 ≥14  –  – 88 42.0  –  – 1,054 46.0
Gini index (%)
<37  –  – 29 14.0  –  – 446 19.5
37.00–40.99  –  – 33 15.9  –  – 462 20.2
41.00–45.99  –  – 64 30.5  –  – 621 27.1
 ≥46  –  – 83 39.6  –  – 761 33.2
Subtotale –  – 223 100 –  – 2,410 100
Totalf 7,348 100 488 100 182 100 3,519 100
Table 14. Diagnoses of HIV infection among adults aged ≥18 years, by transmission category, race/ethnicity, assigned sex at birth, and selected social determinants of health, 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic)—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
Hispanic/Latinoa
Male-to-male sexual contactb Injection drug usec Male-to-male sexual contactb and injection drug usec Heterosexual contactd
No. % No. % No. % No. %
Male sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 763 14.0 19 9.2 25 12.8 47 12.4
6.00–9.99 995 18.3 36 17.7 35 17.7 65 17.1
10.00–16.99 1,653 30.3 51 25.1 58 29.5 106 28.1
 ≥17 2,038 37.4 98 48.0 79 39.9 161 42.5
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 644 11.8 11 5.5 25 12.6 31 8.1
5.00–8.99 761 14.0 19 9.4 18 9.1 46 12.0
9.00–15.99 1,193 21.9 50 24.3 43 21.9 87 23.0
 ≥16 2,851 52.3 124 60.7 112 56.3 216 56.8
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 1,835 33.8 88 43.5 76 38.2 164 43.6
46,000–61,999 1,489 27.4 48 23.8 53 26.9 98 26.1
62,000–85,999 1,270 23.4 43 21.2 40 20.3 69 18.4
 ≥86,000 837 15.4 23 11.5 29 14.6 45 11.8
Without health insurance (%)
<4 485 8.9 19 9.2 20 9.9 28 7.4
4.00–7.99 994 18.3 45 21.9 37 18.5 57 15.0
8.00–13.99 1,277 23.4 52 25.6 48 24.5 92 24.2
 ≥14 2,693 49.4 88 43.3 93 47.2 202 53.3
Gini index (%)
<37 1,183 21.7 34 16.9 41 20.9 75 19.7
37.00–40.99 1,254 23.0 41 20.0 40 20.0 99 26.2
41.00–45.99 1,421 26.1 55 26.9 60 30.1 89 23.4
 ≥46 1,589 29.2 74 36.3 57 29.0 117 30.8
Subtotale 5,678 100 213 100 209 100 396 100
Female sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6  –  – 9 9.1  –  – 76 11.1
6.00–9.99  –  – 15 15.3  –  – 107 15.6
10.00–16.99  –  – 21 20.9  –  – 194 28.4
 ≥17  –  – 55 54.7  –  – 308 44.9
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5  –  – 9 9.2  –  – 69 10.0
5.00–8.99  –  – 9 8.5  –  – 66 9.6
9.00–15.99  –  – 14 14.1  –  – 150 21.9
 ≥16  –  – 68 68.2  –  – 400 58.5
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000  –  – 47 46.7  –  – 300 43.9
46,000–61,999  –  – 20 20.2  –  – 172 25.2
62,000–85,999  –  – 21 21.3  –  – 123 18.0
 ≥86,000  –  – 12 11.7  –  – 88 12.9
Without health insurance (%)
<4  –  – 11 11.0  –  – 57 8.3
4.00–7.99  –  – 17 17.0  –  – 118 17.2
8.00–13.99  –  – 24 23.9  –  – 149 21.8
 ≥14  –  – 48 48.2  –  – 361 52.7
Gini index (%)
<37  –  – 15 15.3  –  – 131 19.1
37.00–40.99  –  – 23 23.1  –  – 147 21.4
41.00–45.99  –  – 26 26.4  –  – 184 26.9
 ≥46  –  – 35 35.3  –  – 223 32.6
Subtotale –  – 106 100 –  – 721 100
Totalf 5,678 100 319 100 209 100 1,117 100
Table 14. Diagnoses of HIV infection among adults aged ≥18 years, by transmission category, race/ethnicity, assigned sex at birth, and selected social determinants of health, 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic)—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander
Male-to-male sexual contactb Injection drug usec Male-to-male sexual contactb and injection drug usec Heterosexual contactd
No. % No. % No. % No. %
Male sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 12 37.5 0 16.7 1 45.8 0 6.7
6.00–9.99 7 22.0 0 0 0 4.2 1 73.3
10.00–16.99 10 31.4 0 0 0 4.2 0 13.3
 ≥17 3 9.1 1 83.3 1 45.8 0 6.7
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 9 29.1 0 0 0 0 0 0
5.00–8.99 10 33.7 0 16.7 0 8.3 0 13.3
9.00–15.99 8 24.9 0 0 0 4.2 1 80.0
 ≥16 4 12.3 1 83.3 2 87.5 0 6.7
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 3 8.1 1 83.3 1 50.0 0 20.0
46,000–61,999 9 29.1 0 0 0 0 0 0
62,000–85,999 11 35.0 0 0 0 4.2 0 6.7
 ≥86,000 9 27.8 0 16.7 1 45.8 1 73.3
Without health insurance (%)
<4 7 22.7 0 0 0 0 1 66.7
4.00–7.99 7 23.9 0 16.7 0 8.3 0 13.3
8.00–13.99 12 38.8 1 83.3 1 41.7 0 0
 ≥14 5 14.6 0 0 1 50.0 0 20.0
Gini index (%)
<37 9 28.2 0 8.3 1 45.8 0 6.7
37.00–40.99 7 22.0 0 0 0 4.2 1 73.3
41.00–45.99 9 27.8 1 91.7 0 4.2 0 13.3
 ≥46 7 22.0 0 0 1 45.8 0 6.7
Subtotale 33 100 1 100 3 100 2 100
Female sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6  –  – 0 18.2  –  – 1 7.4
6.00–9.99  –  – 0 9.1  –  – 1 8.3
10.00–16.99  –  – 1 45.5  –  – 5 41.7
 ≥17  –  – 0 27.3  –  – 5 42.6
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5  –  – 0 18.2  –  – 2 16.7
5.00–8.99  –  – 0 27.3  –  – 4 34.3
9.00–15.99  –  – 0 27.3  –  – 1 5.6
 ≥16  –  – 0 27.3  –  – 5 43.5
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000  –  – 0 27.3  –  – 6 51.9
46,000–61,999  –  – 0 9.1  –  – 2 17.6
62,000–85,999  –  – 1 45.5  –  – 3 23.1
 ≥86,000  –  – 0 18.2  –  – 1 7.4
Without health insurance (%)
<4  –  – 0 18.2  –  – 1 7.4
4.00–7.99  –  – 0 0  –  – 2 18.5
8.00–13.99  –  – 0 36.4  –  – 4 32.4
 ≥14  –  – 1 45.5  –  – 5 41.7
Gini index (%)
<37  –  – 0 0  –  – 2 18.5
37.00–40.99  –  – 0 18.2  –  – 4 35.2
41.00–45.99  –  – 1 54.5  –  – 2 21.3
 ≥46  –  – 0 27.3  –  – 3 25.0
Subtotale –  – 1 100 –  – 11 100
Totalf 33 100 2 100 3 100 12 100
Table 14. Diagnoses of HIV infection among adults aged ≥18 years, by transmission category, race/ethnicity, assigned sex at birth, and selected social determinants of health, 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic)—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
White
Male-to-male sexual contactb Injection drug usec Male-to-male sexual contactb and injection drug usec Heterosexual contactd
No. % No. % No. % No. %
Male sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 1,030 24.2 65 19.2 88 21.0 70 25.3
6.00–9.99 970 22.8 72 21.1 108 25.7 70 25.3
10.00–16.99 1,206 28.4 87 25.6 105 25.1 69 25.3
 ≥17 1,046 24.6 116 34.1 119 28.2 66 24.1
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 1,110 26.1 63 18.5 108 25.7 59 21.4
5.00–8.99 1,045 24.6 75 22.2 96 22.9 66 24.0
9.00–15.99 1,133 26.6 99 29.2 116 27.6 88 32.1
 ≥16 967 22.7 102 30.1 100 23.8 62 22.5
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 1,017 24.0 112 33.3 109 26.1 68 24.7
46,000–61,999 1,104 26.0 94 27.8 126 30.1 69 25.3
62,000–85,999 1,134 26.7 76 22.4 108 25.8 79 28.7
 ≥86,000 987 23.3 56 16.6 75 18.0 58 21.3
Without health insurance (%)
<4 844 19.9 55 16.2 69 16.4 56 20.5
4.00–7.99 1,117 26.3 94 27.6 116 27.5 79 28.8
8.00–13.99 1,104 26.0 91 26.9 121 28.8 63 22.9
 ≥14 1,187 27.9 99 29.3 115 27.3 76 27.8
Gini index (%)
<37 912 21.4 63 18.5 88 20.9 66 24.0
37.00–40.99 967 22.7 87 25.6 98 23.3 63 23.1
41.00–45.99 1,161 27.3 93 27.4 115 27.4 82 29.9
 ≥46 1,213 28.5 97 28.5 120 28.4 63 23.0
Subtotale 4,529 100 375 100 449 100 289 100
Female sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6  –  – 35 12.6  –  – 166 24.1
6.00–9.99  –  – 54 19.8  –  – 144 20.9
10.00–16.99  –  – 74 27.0  –  – 178 25.8
 ≥17  –  – 112 40.6  –  – 200 29.1
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5  –  – 34 12.5  –  – 120 17.5
5.00–8.99  –  – 58 21.2  –  – 143 20.8
9.00–15.99  –  – 79 28.6  –  – 216 31.4
 ≥16  –  – 103 37.7  –  – 208 30.3
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000  –  – 116 42.4  –  – 207 30.1
46,000–61,999  –  – 72 26.3  –  – 182 26.5
62,000–85,999  –  – 56 20.5  –  – 178 25.9
 ≥86,000  –  – 30 10.8  –  – 120 17.5
Without health insurance (%)
<4  –  – 28 10.3  –  – 110 16.0
4.00–7.99  –  – 64 23.1  –  – 176 25.6
8.00–13.99  –  – 79 28.6  –  – 175 25.5
 ≥14  –  – 104 37.9  –  – 226 32.9
Gini index (%)
<37  –  – 49 17.9  –  – 157 22.9
37.00–40.99  –  – 66 23.9  –  – 167 24.3
41.00–45.99  –  – 81 29.5  –  – 194 28.2
 ≥46  –  – 79 28.7  –  – 169 24.6
Subtotale –  – 291 100 –  – 730 100
Totalf 4,529 100 666 100 449 100 1,019 100
Table 14. Diagnoses of HIV infection among adults aged ≥18 years, by transmission category, race/ethnicity, assigned sex at birth, and selected social determinants of health, 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic)—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
Multiracial
Male-to-male sexual contactb Injection drug usec Male-to-male sexual contactb and injection drug usec Heterosexual contactd
No. % No. % No. % No. %
Male sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 91 18.3 9 33.0 5 15.2 6 25.9
6.00–9.99 89 17.9 2 5.5 4 10.7 5 18.2
10.00–16.99 146 29.3 5 18.3 9 28.4 5 21.1
 ≥17 172 34.4 12 43.2 15 45.7 9 34.8
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 92 18.5 10 37.7 4 12.2 3 12.1
5.00–8.99 101 20.2 1 4.0 7 21.0 3 11.7
9.00–15.99 148 29.8 6 20.5 12 35.1 10 41.3
 ≥16 157 31.4 10 37.7 10 31.7 9 34.8
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 162 32.6 10 37.7 15 44.8 8 32.4
46,000–61,999 124 25.1 8 27.5 7 22.0 7 26.7
62,000–85,999 111 22.3 3 9.5 6 18.0 7 28.3
 ≥86,000 100 20.0 7 25.3 5 15.2 3 12.6
Without health insurance (%)
<4 74 14.8 3 12.5 2 6.7 1 2.0
4.00–7.99 122 24.4 9 31.5 7 22.0 4 17.4
8.00–13.99 131 26.3 6 21.2 12 35.7 6 22.7
 ≥14 172 34.5 10 34.8 12 35.7 14 57.9
Gini index (%)
<37 98 19.6 6 22.0 5 14.9 5 19.4
37.00–40.99 106 21.3 5 17.9 8 23.2 5 19.8
41.00–45.99 133 26.8 6 20.1 11 33.5 6 25.1
 ≥46 161 32.3 11 39.9 9 28.4 9 35.6
Subtotale 535 100 30 100 34 100 27 100
Female sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6  –  – 3 17.5  –  – 22 18.7
6.00–9.99  –  – 3 15.8  –  – 22 19.2
10.00–16.99  –  – 6 32.2  –  – 36 31.3
 ≥17  –  – 6 34.5  –  – 36 30.8
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5  –  – 3 18.6  –  – 19 16.6
5.00–8.99  –  – 4 22.6  –  – 24 20.7
9.00–15.99  –  – 4 19.8  –  – 36 31.5
 ≥16  –  – 7 39.0  –  – 36 31.1
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000  –  – 6 32.2  –  – 38 33.2
46,000–61,999  –  – 5 26.6  –  – 34 29.9
62,000–85,999  –  – 4 21.5  –  – 26 22.6
 ≥86,000  –  – 4 19.8  –  – 16 14.3
Without health insurance (%)
<4  –  – 3 16.9  –  – 18 15.3
4.00–7.99  –  – 7 38.4  –  – 20 17.4
8.00–13.99  –  – 1 6.2  –  – 29 24.9
 ≥14  –  – 7 38.4  –  – 49 42.4
Gini index (%)
<37  –  – 4 19.8  –  – 24 21.1
37.00–40.99  –  – 4 24.9  –  – 27 23.7
41.00–45.99  –  – 3 15.3  –  – 26 22.7
 ≥46  –  – 7 40.1  –  – 37 32.4
Subtotale –  – 21 100 –  – 121 100
Totalf 535 100 50 100 34 100 149 100

Abbreviation: SDOH, social determinants of health [footnotes only].

Note. Data for 2020 should be interpreted with caution due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on access to HIV testing, care-related services, and case surveillance activities in state/local jurisdictions. Transmission category is classified based on a hierarchy of the risk factors most likely responsible for HIV transmission; classification is determined based on the person’s assigned sex at birth. Data have been statistically adjusted to account for missing transmission category; therefore, values may not sum to column subtotals and total. Row entries indicate categories based on census tracts; data reflect the census tract of the person’s residential address at the time they received an HIV diagnosis. For the definitions of SDOH indicator variables used in this report, see https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/tech_docs/subject_definitions/2020_ACSSubjectDefinitions.pdf.

aHispanic/Latino persons can be of any race.
bIncludes individuals assigned male sex at birth, regardless of current gender identity, who have had sexual contact with other males, and individuals assigned male sex at birth who have had sexual contact with both males and females (i.e., bisexual contact).
cIncludes persons who injected nonprescription drugs or who injected prescription drugs for nonmedical purposes. Also includes injection of drugs prescribed to persons if there is evidence that injection equipment was shared (e.g., syringes, needles, cookers).
dSexual contact with a person known to have, or with a risk factor for, HIV infection.
eBecause column subtotals were calculated independently of the values for the subpopulations, the values in each column may not sum to the column subtotals. See Technical Notes for criteria used to define SDOH subpopulations.
fTotals do not represent all adults whose HIV infection was diagnosed during 2020 in these areas. See Technical Notes for exclusion criteria.

Table A1. Adults aged ≥18 years living below federal poverty level, by assigned sex at birth and area of residence, 2016–2020 5-year ACS estimates—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
Below federal poverty level (%)
Male sex at birth
<6 6.00–9.99 10.00–16.99 ≥17
Area of residence No. %a No. %a No. %a No. %a
Alabama 345,741 19.1 384,106 21.2 520,954 28.8 557,025 30.8
Alaska 94,472 32.5 95,019 32.7 78,748 27.1 22,121 7.6
Arizona 728,225 26.9 625,837 23.1 651,942 24.1 703,310 26.0
Arkansas 179,742 16.1 206,679 18.5 376,610 33.7 355,492 31.8
California 4,144,843 27.8 3,868,048 26.0 3,974,629 26.7 2,912,960 19.5
Colorado 854,490 38.8 590,642 26.8 472,886 21.4 286,909 13.0
Connecticut 690,162 50.7 258,914 19.0 205,293 15.1 206,481 15.2
Delaware 124,652 34.2 95,124 26.1 105,152 28.9 39,182 10.8
District of Columbia 57,534 21.4 61,192 22.7 60,075 22.3 90,635 33.6
Florida 1,933,704 23.6 2,089,980 25.5 2,375,061 29.0 1,804,584 22.0
Georgia 1,086,458 28.3 728,671 19.0 1,032,097 26.9 989,533 25.8
Hawaii 234,538 42.3 160,403 28.9 101,804 18.4 57,756 10.4
Idaho 150,121 23.0 203,192 31.2 186,210 28.6 112,287 17.2
Illinois 1,579,417 33.0 1,294,637 27.0 1,093,080 22.8 822,064 17.2
Indiana 735,956 29.6 627,926 25.2 650,769 26.2 473,708 19.0
Iowa 357,479 30.0 359,455 30.1 306,691 25.7 169,439 14.2
Kansas 357,210 32.8 286,224 26.3 259,688 23.8 186,794 17.1
Kentucky 337,880 20.2 254,580 15.2 476,640 28.5 605,689 36.2
Louisiana 246,749 14.4 320,185 18.7 471,996 27.5 676,729 39.4
Maine 153,546 29.1 140,336 26.6 159,756 30.3 73,828 14.0
Maryland 1,082,415 48.6 524,196 23.5 402,319 18.1 218,767 9.8
Massachusetts 1,160,935 44.0 631,568 23.9 459,508 17.4 385,687 14.6
Michigan 1,157,549 30.6 914,279 24.2 879,046 23.3 829,529 21.9
Minnesota 985,548 46.4 533,595 25.1 370,240 17.4 233,971 11.0
Mississippi 147,637 13.6 166,506 15.4 289,783 26.8 479,181 44.2
Missouri 666,343 29.0 533,089 23.2 585,814 25.5 512,556 22.3
Montana 97,470 23.4 88,476 21.3 144,707 34.8 85,422 20.5
Nebraska 238,454 33.4 196,933 27.6 167,499 23.5 111,361 15.6
Nevada 324,418 27.8 293,384 25.1 302,427 25.9 248,222 21.2
New Hampshire 282,232 52.3 134,707 25.0 86,278 16.0 36,558 6.8
New Jersey 1,620,466 48.6 716,711 21.5 580,933 17.4 413,287 12.4
New Mexico 114,940 14.6 142,885 18.1 200,096 25.4 330,931 42.0
New York 2,247,216 30.6 1,699,485 23.1 1,754,033 23.9 1,652,242 22.5
North Carolina 990,194 25.6 806,204 20.8 1,158,868 29.9 915,658 23.7
North Dakota 91,201 30.6 89,591 30.1 77,639 26.1 39,514 13.3
Ohio 1,380,214 31.4 1,041,417 23.7 983,934 22.4 985,068 22.4
Oklahoma 306,386 20.9 248,684 17.0 497,064 33.9 414,251 28.2
Oregon 335,544 20.6 458,375 28.2 545,837 33.6 286,174 17.6
Pennsylvania 1,757,164 35.9 1,336,218 27.3 968,430 19.8 833,463 17.0
Puerto Rico 8,618 0.7 8,660 0.7 53,297 4.3 1,162,179 94.3
Rhode Island 149,786 36.6 100,173 24.5 73,431 17.9 85,952 21.0
South Carolina 426,535 22.5 410,954 21.7 549,794 29.0 505,395 26.7
South Dakota 89,845 27.0 84,568 25.4 96,783 29.1 61,755 18.5
Tennessee 552,700 21.9 548,010 21.7 790,051 31.2 637,498 25.2
Texas 3,047,188 29.3 2,171,822 20.8 2,640,054 25.3 2,557,441 24.6
Utah 519,674 46.9 259,152 23.4 199,094 18.0 130,616 11.8
Vermont 59,623 24.0 79,300 31.9 79,977 32.2 29,725 12.0
Virginia 1,414,679 44.0 740,879 23.0 640,893 19.9 421,626 13.1
Washington 1,030,880 35.4 842,789 29.0 671,735 23.1 365,483 12.6
West Virginia 60,402 8.5 161,452 22.8 234,031 33.1 250,868 35.5
Wisconsin 829,790 37.1 652,307 29.2 454,051 20.3 299,730 13.4
Wyoming 57,387 25.3 77,614 34.2 59,064 26.0 32,962 14.5
Region of residence
Northeast 8,121,130 38.1 5,097,412 23.9 4,367,639 20.5 3,717,223 17.4
Midwest 8,469,006 32.9 6,614,021 25.7 5,925,234 23.0 4,725,489 18.4
South 12,340,596 26.6 9,919,224 21.4 12,621,442 27.2 11,519,554 24.8
West 8,687,002 29.4 7,705,816 26.1 7,589,179 25.7 5,575,153 18.9
Total 37,626,352 30.3 29,345,133 23.6 30,556,791 24.6 26,699,598 21.5

 

Table A1. Adults aged ≥18 years living below federal poverty level, by assigned sex at birth and area of residence, 2016–2020 5-year ACS estimates—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
Below federal poverty level (%)
Female sex at birth
<6 6.00–9.99 10.00–16.99 ≥17
Area of residence No. %b No. %b No. %b No. %b
Alabama 372,651 18.7 412,213 20.7 577,671 29.0 628,853 31.6
Alaska 84,232 32.0 89,242 33.9 71,085 27.0 18,712 7.1
Arizona 760,559 27.2 664,305 23.7 670,203 23.9 704,683 25.2
Arkansas 186,557 15.7 220,581 18.5 403,322 33.9 379,576 31.9
California 4,307,678 28.0 4,003,997 26.0 4,083,722 26.5 2,998,187 19.5
Colorado 869,633 39.4 587,622 26.6 473,047 21.4 276,076 12.5
Connecticut 727,597 49.5 285,371 19.4 225,488 15.4 230,481 15.7
Delaware 133,018 33.3 103,569 26.0 118,628 29.7 43,884 11.0
District of Columbia 61,747 20.1 71,027 23.2 67,829 22.1 105,887 34.5
Florida 2,085,448 23.8 2,247,688 25.6 2,552,523 29.1 1,882,778 21.5
Georgia 1,162,016 27.8 793,140 19.0 1,128,920 27.0 1,089,648 26.1
Hawaii 231,417 41.2 164,656 29.3 107,218 19.1 57,768 10.3
Idaho 152,369 23.2 206,521 31.4 188,145 28.6 110,924 16.9
Illinois 1,660,895 32.8 1,358,922 26.8 1,149,133 22.7 901,998 17.8
Indiana 760,660 29.0 648,543 24.7 703,878 26.8 512,056 19.5
Iowa 369,205 30.1 372,285 30.3 316,768 25.8 170,202 13.9
Kansas 368,565 33.0 292,110 26.2 268,323 24.0 187,123 16.8
Kentucky 353,574 19.9 269,879 15.2 496,291 28.0 654,196 36.9
Louisiana 261,414 14.1 338,822 18.3 510,740 27.6 737,627 39.9
Maine 163,275 29.0 148,286 26.4 173,150 30.8 77,681 13.8
Maryland 1,172,811 47.8 569,320 23.2 457,864 18.7 254,641 10.4
Massachusetts 1,264,860 44.1 683,984 23.9 493,787 17.2 424,961 14.8
Michigan 1,203,026 30.1 953,757 23.9 938,515 23.5 901,909 22.6
Minnesota 1,006,721 46.3 545,679 25.1 384,780 17.7 238,458 11.0
Mississippi 155,124 13.0 183,375 15.4 316,315 26.5 536,617 45.0
Missouri 707,034 28.9 560,827 22.9 619,449 25.3 559,625 22.9
Montana 98,950 23.8 89,145 21.4 143,464 34.4 84,955 20.4
Nebraska 246,859 33.7 199,986 27.3 171,681 23.4 114,498 15.6
Nevada 334,176 28.5 299,926 25.6 303,515 25.9 236,125 20.1
New Hampshire 290,345 52.1 138,604 24.9 91,703 16.4 37,086 6.6
New Jersey 1,734,727 48.3 780,016 21.7 625,790 17.4 447,671 12.5
New Mexico 116,457 14.2 153,791 18.7 211,552 25.7 340,152 41.4
New York 2,410,607 30.0 1,843,257 22.9 1,890,662 23.5 1,887,984 23.5
North Carolina 1,058,857 25.2 860,345 20.5 1,257,943 29.9 1,027,495 24.4
North Dakota 84,323 29.6 89,428 31.4 74,803 26.3 35,866 12.6
Ohio 1,447,818 30.9 1,117,912 23.9 1,055,448 22.5 1,065,082 22.7
Oklahoma 321,952 21.1 263,279 17.3 507,697 33.3 431,185 28.3
Oregon 350,125 20.8 471,530 28.0 569,604 33.8 292,081 17.4
Pennsylvania 1,852,867 35.4 1,389,391 26.6 1,042,160 19.9 945,614 18.1
Puerto Rico 9,421 0.7 9,971 0.7 61,250 4.3 1,328,888 94.3
Rhode Island 156,210 35.3 111,822 25.2 80,905 18.3 94,075 21.2
South Carolina 466,636 22.5 436,461 21.0 608,365 29.3 564,493 27.2
South Dakota 91,002 27.5 84,082 25.4 94,953 28.7 60,601 18.3
Tennessee 591,738 21.7 580,188 21.3 846,107 31.0 711,177 26.1
Texas 3,166,291 29.4 2,249,250 20.9 2,729,420 25.3 2,639,204 24.5
Utah 519,144 46.6 265,227 23.8 198,153 17.8 130,356 11.7
Vermont 62,161 23.9 83,235 32.0 82,867 31.9 31,820 12.2
Virginia 1,488,833 43.7 787,179 23.1 675,191 19.8 454,041 13.3
Washington 1,044,747 35.5 870,109 29.5 672,818 22.8 357,793 12.1
West Virginia 63,088 8.6 162,771 22.1 245,186 33.3 264,411 36.0
Wisconsin 849,672 37.0 662,995 28.9 458,452 20.0 324,420 14.1
Wyoming 55,196 25.1 74,517 33.9 58,779 26.8 31,029 14.1
Region of residence
Northeast 8,662,649 37.6 5,463,966 23.7 4,706,512 20.5 4,177,373 18.2
Midwest 8,795,780 32.6 6,886,526 25.5 6,236,183 23.1 5,071,838 18.8
South 13,101,755 26.4 10,549,087 21.3 13,500,012 27.2 12,405,713 25.0
West 8,924,683 29.5 7,940,588 26.2 7,751,305 25.6 5,638,841 18.6
Total 39,494,288 30.1 30,850,138 23.5 32,255,262 24.6 28,622,653 21.8

 

Table A1. Adults aged ≥18 years living below federal poverty level, by assigned sex at birth and area of residence, 2016–2020 5-year ACS estimates—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
Below federal poverty level (%)
Total
<6 6.00–9.99 10.00–16.99 ≥17
Area of residence No. %c %d No. %c %d No. %c %d No. %c %d
Alabama 718,392 18.9 0.9 796,319 21.0 1.3 1,098,625 28.9 1.7 1,185,878 31.2 2.1
Alaska 178,704 32.3 0.2 184,261 33.3 0.3 149,833 27.1 0.2 40,833 7.4 0.1
Arizona 1,488,784 27.0 1.9 1,290,142 23.4 2.1 1,322,145 24.0 2.1 1,407,993 25.6 2.5
Arkansas 366,299 15.9 0.5 427,260 18.5 0.7 779,932 33.8 1.2 735,068 31.8 1.3
California 8,452,521 27.9 11.0 7,872,045 26.0 13.1 8,058,351 26.6 12.8 5,911,147 19.5 10.7
Colorado 1,724,123 39.1 2.2 1,178,264 26.7 2.0 945,933 21.4 1.5 562,985 12.8 1.0
Connecticut 1,417,759 50.1 1.8 544,285 19.2 0.9 430,781 15.2 0.7 436,962 15.4 0.8
Delaware 257,670 33.8 0.3 198,693 26.0 0.3 223,780 29.3 0.4 83,066 10.9 0.2
District of Columbia 119,281 20.7 0.2 132,219 23.0 0.2 127,904 22.2 0.2 196,522 34.1 0.4
Florida 4,019,152 23.7 5.2 4,337,668 25.6 7.2 4,927,584 29.0 7.8 3,687,362 21.7 6.7
Georgia 2,248,474 28.1 2.9 1,521,811 19.0 2.5 2,161,017 27.0 3.4 2,079,181 26.0 3.8
Hawaii 465,955 41.8 0.6 325,059 29.1 0.5 209,022 18.7 0.3 115,524 10.4 0.2
Idaho 302,490 23.1 0.4 409,713 31.3 0.7 374,355 28.6 0.6 223,211 17.0 0.4
Illinois 3,240,312 32.9 4.2 2,653,559 26.9 4.4 2,242,213 22.7 3.6 1,724,062 17.5 3.1
Indiana 1,496,616 29.3 1.9 1,276,469 25.0 2.1 1,354,647 26.5 2.2 985,764 19.3 1.8
Iowa 726,684 30.0 0.9 731,740 30.2 1.2 623,459 25.7 1.0 339,641 14.0 0.6
Kansas 725,775 32.9 0.9 578,334 26.2 1.0 528,011 23.9 0.8 373,917 16.9 0.7
Kentucky 691,454 20.0 0.9 524,459 15.2 0.9 972,931 28.2 1.5 1,259,885 36.5 2.3
Louisiana 508,163 14.3 0.7 659,007 18.5 1.1 982,736 27.6 1.6 1,414,356 39.7 2.6
Maine 316,821 29.1 0.4 288,622 26.5 0.5 332,906 30.5 0.5 151,509 13.9 0.3
Maryland 2,255,226 48.2 2.9 1,093,516 23.4 1.8 860,183 18.4 1.4 473,408 10.1 0.9
Massachusetts 2,425,795 44.1 3.1 1,315,552 23.9 2.2 953,295 17.3 1.5 810,648 14.7 1.5
Michigan 2,360,575 30.4 3.1 1,868,036 24.0 3.1 1,817,561 23.4 2.9 1,731,438 22.3 3.1
Minnesota 1,992,269 46.3 2.6 1,079,274 25.1 1.8 755,020 17.6 1.2 472,429 11.0 0.9
Mississippi 302,761 13.3 0.4 349,881 15.4 0.6 606,098 26.6 1.0 1,015,798 44.7 1.8
Missouri 1,373,377 28.9 1.8 1,093,916 23.1 1.8 1,205,263 25.4 1.9 1,072,181 22.6 1.9
Montana 196,420 23.6 0.3 177,621 21.3 0.3 288,171 34.6 0.5 170,377 20.5 0.3
Nebraska 485,313 33.5 0.6 396,919 27.4 0.7 339,180 23.4 0.5 225,859 15.6 0.4
Nevada 658,594 28.1 0.9 593,310 25.3 1.0 605,942 25.9 1.0 484,347 20.7 0.9
New Hampshire 572,577 52.2 0.7 273,311 24.9 0.5 177,981 16.2 0.3 73,644 6.7 0.1
New Jersey 3,355,193 48.5 4.4 1,496,727 21.6 2.5 1,206,723 17.4 1.9 860,958 12.4 1.6
New Mexico 231,397 14.4 0.3 296,676 18.4 0.5 411,648 25.6 0.7 671,083 41.7 1.2
New York 4,657,823 30.3 6.0 3,542,742 23.0 5.9 3,644,695 23.7 5.8 3,540,226 23.0 6.4
North Carolina 2,049,051 25.4 2.7 1,666,549 20.6 2.8 2,416,811 29.9 3.8 1,943,153 24.1 3.5
North Dakota 175,524 30.1 0.2 179,019 30.7 0.3 152,442 26.2 0.2 75,380 12.9 0.1
Ohio 2,828,032 31.2 3.7 2,159,329 23.8 3.6 2,039,382 22.5 3.2 2,050,150 22.6 3.7
Oklahoma 628,338 21.0 0.8 511,963 17.1 0.9 1,004,761 33.6 1.6 845,436 28.3 1.5
Oregon 685,669 20.7 0.9 929,905 28.1 1.5 1,115,441 33.7 1.8 578,255 17.5 1.0
Pennsylvania 3,610,031 35.7 4.7 2,725,609 26.9 4.5 2,010,590 19.9 3.2 1,779,077 17.6 3.2
Puerto Rico 18,039 0.7 0.0 18,631 0.7 0.0 114,547 4.3 0.2 2,491,067 94.3 4.5
Rhode Island 305,996 35.9 0.4 211,995 24.9 0.4 154,336 18.1 0.2 180,027 21.1 0.3
South Carolina 893,171 22.5 1.2 847,415 21.4 1.4 1,158,159 29.2 1.8 1,069,888 27.0 1.9
South Dakota 180,847 27.3 0.2 168,650 25.4 0.3 191,736 28.9 0.3 122,356 18.4 0.2
Tennessee 1,144,438 21.8 1.5 1,128,198 21.5 1.9 1,636,158 31.1 2.6 1,348,675 25.7 2.4
Texas 6,213,479 29.3 8.1 4,421,072 20.9 7.3 5,369,474 25.3 8.5 5,196,645 24.5 9.4
Utah 1,038,818 46.8 1.3 524,379 23.6 0.9 397,247 17.9 0.6 260,972 11.7 0.5
Vermont 121,784 23.9 0.2 162,535 32.0 0.3 162,844 32.0 0.3 61,545 12.1 0.1
Virginia 2,903,512 43.8 3.8 1,528,058 23.1 2.5 1,316,084 19.9 2.1 875,667 13.2 1.6
Washington 2,075,627 35.4 2.7 1,712,898 29.2 2.8 1,344,553 23.0 2.1 723,276 12.4 1.3
West Virginia 123,490 8.6 0.2 324,223 22.5 0.5 479,217 33.2 0.8 515,279 35.7 0.9
Wisconsin 1,679,462 37.1 2.2 1,315,302 29.0 2.2 912,503 20.1 1.5 624,150 13.8 1.1
Wyoming 112,583 25.2 0.1 152,131 34.1 0.3 117,843 26.4 0.2 63,991 14.3 0.1
Region of residence
Northeast 16,783,779 37.9 21.8 10,561,378 23.8 17.5 9,074,151 20.5 14.4 7,894,596 17.8 14.3
Midwest 17,264,786 32.7 22.4 13,500,547 25.6 22.4 12,161,417 23.1 19.4 9,797,327 18.6 17.7
South 25,442,351 26.5 33.0 20,468,311 21.3 34.0 26,121,454 27.2 41.6 23,925,267 24.9 43.2
West 17,611,685 29.4 22.8 15,646,404 26.2 26.0 15,340,484 25.6 24.4 11,213,994 18.7 20.3
Total 77,120,640 30.2 100 60,195,271 23.6 100 62,812,053 24.6 100 55,322,251 21.7 100

Abbreviations: ACS, American Community Survey; SDOH, social determinants of health [footnotes only].

Note. Proportion of residents in the census tract who were living below the U.S. poverty level at any time during the 12 months before the survey response (individuals aged 18 years and older).

aPercentage of male residents of area.
bPercentage of female residents of area.
cPercentage of residents of area.
dPercentage of SDOH subpopulation total.

Table A2. Adults aged ≥18 years with less than high school diploma, by assigned sex at birth and area of residence, 2016–2020 5-year ACS estimates—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
Less than high school diploma (%)
Male sex at birth
<5 5.00–8.99 9.00–15.99 ≥16
Area of residence No. %a No. %a No. %a No. %a
Alabama 305,948 16.9 320,463 17.7 553,698 30.6 627,990 34.7
Alaska 90,403 31.1 117,581 40.5 64,937 22.4 17,439 6.0
Arizona 767,009 28.1 620,502 22.7 565,515 20.7 775,530 28.4
Arkansas 149,913 13.4 212,746 19.0 438,481 39.2 317,665 28.4
California 3,323,202 22.2 2,748,690 18.3 3,127,664 20.9 5,784,630 38.6
Colorado 952,977 43.0 490,055 22.1 432,195 19.5 342,920 15.5
Connecticut 484,036 35.4 406,623 29.8 267,186 19.6 208,108 15.2
Delaware 94,161 25.8 92,607 25.4 117,555 32.3 59,997 16.5
District of Columbia 118,922 44.1 44,008 16.3 63,564 23.6 42,942 15.9
Florida 1,840,328 22.4 1,965,326 23.9 2,264,187 27.5 2,152,958 26.2
Georgia 798,199 20.8 791,610 20.6 1,074,590 28.0 1,173,114 30.6
Hawaii 222,369 40.0 171,169 30.8 119,462 21.5 43,596 7.8
Idaho 184,690 28.3 177,054 27.2 196,574 30.2 93,492 14.3
Illinois 1,364,187 28.5 1,287,728 26.9 1,188,463 24.8 949,289 19.8
Indiana 513,794 20.6 600,403 24.1 890,531 35.7 491,187 19.7
Iowa 393,384 33.0 442,289 37.1 257,523 21.6 99,868 8.4
Kansas 377,245 34.6 336,200 30.8 212,302 19.5 164,344 15.1
Kentucky 280,647 16.7 331,428 19.7 543,359 32.3 524,551 31.2
Louisiana 239,185 13.9 284,018 16.5 527,966 30.7 667,188 38.8
Maine 168,971 32.0 207,877 39.4 135,104 25.6 15,514 2.9
Maryland 627,067 28.0 669,577 29.9 597,350 26.6 347,745 15.5
Massachusetts 981,100 37.2 735,313 27.9 496,501 18.8 427,346 16.2
Michigan 1,078,612 28.3 1,198,724 31.5 1,042,484 27.4 484,899 12.7
Minnesota 841,929 39.6 726,852 34.2 407,743 19.2 148,720 7.0
Mississippi 105,086 9.7 192,926 17.8 336,093 31.0 449,078 41.5
Missouri 606,296 26.4 600,534 26.1 709,696 30.9 381,276 16.6
Montana 169,768 40.8 139,921 33.6 98,666 23.7 8,243 2.0
Nebraska 246,515 34.4 236,787 33.1 148,198 20.7 84,174 11.8
Nevada 223,037 19.1 289,089 24.7 282,781 24.2 374,018 32.0
New Hampshire 212,958 39.5 199,691 37.0 100,879 18.7 26,247 4.9
New Jersey 1,109,906 33.2 928,110 27.8 703,352 21.0 602,393 18.0
New Mexico 149,193 18.9 143,794 18.2 221,947 28.0 276,367 34.9
New York 1,685,526 22.8 1,786,867 24.2 1,850,658 25.0 2,069,759 28.0
North Carolina 869,671 22.4 796,568 20.5 1,202,003 31.0 1,010,463 26.1
North Dakota 99,416 33.4 112,500 37.8 79,374 26.6 6,655 2.2
Ohio 1,184,357 26.9 1,317,416 30.0 1,223,702 27.8 669,552 15.2
Oklahoma 234,360 16.0 342,313 23.3 548,224 37.3 343,106 23.4
Oregon 445,350 27.4 435,654 26.8 510,326 31.4 234,600 14.4
Pennsylvania 1,394,682 28.4 1,460,803 29.7 1,360,111 27.7 697,324 14.2
Puerto Rico 38,519 3.1 67,328 5.5 281,297 22.8 847,796 68.7
Rhode Island 107,223 26.2 113,375 27.7 107,753 26.3 80,991 19.8
South Carolina 426,319 22.4 424,843 22.3 510,929 26.9 540,743 28.4
South Dakota 89,657 26.9 123,479 37.1 87,449 26.3 32,366 9.7
Tennessee 459,088 18.1 500,611 19.8 909,339 35.9 664,400 26.2
Texas 2,162,501 20.7 1,890,084 18.1 2,367,504 22.6 4,036,792 38.6
Utah 432,799 39.0 351,723 31.7 214,227 19.3 111,853 10.1
Vermont 80,946 32.6 104,668 42.1 59,856 24.1 3,155 1.3
Virginia 938,728 29.1 817,189 25.3 918,881 28.4 556,435 17.2
Washington 957,149 32.9 899,866 30.9 703,120 24.1 353,394 12.1
West Virginia 88,756 12.6 144,395 20.4 278,664 39.4 194,938 27.6
Wisconsin 767,015 34.3 786,311 35.1 515,888 23.1 167,901 7.5
Wyoming 83,903 37.0 69,549 30.6 67,482 29.7 6,093 2.7
Region of residence
Northeast 6,225,348 29.1 5,943,327 27.8 5,081,400 23.8 4,130,837 19.3
Midwest 7,562,407 29.3 7,769,223 30.1 6,763,353 26.2 3,680,231 14.3
South 9,738,879 20.9 9,820,712 21.1 13,252,387 28.5 13,710,105 29.5
West 8,001,849 27.0 6,654,647 22.4 6,604,896 22.3 8,422,175 28.4
Total 31,567,002 25.3 30,255,237 24.3 31,983,333 25.7 30,791,144 24.7

 

Table A2. Adults aged ≥18 years with less than high school diploma, by assigned sex at birth and area of residence, 2016–2020 5-year ACS estimates—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
Less than high school diploma (%)
Female sex at birth
<5 5.00–8.99 9.00–15.99 ≥16
Area of residence No. %b No. %b No. %b No. %b
Alabama 343,436 17.2 356,582 17.9 619,967 31.1 672,190 33.7
Alaska 81,918 31.1 107,909 41.0 58,040 22.0 15,404 5.9
Arizona 812,709 29.0 656,939 23.4 589,635 21.0 746,580 26.6
Arkansas 164,488 13.8 232,527 19.5 466,569 39.2 326,652 27.4
California 3,478,486 22.6 2,882,210 18.7 3,281,281 21.3 5,763,219 37.4
Colorado 961,609 43.6 502,151 22.7 430,582 19.5 313,406 14.2
Connecticut 512,896 34.9 444,481 30.3 291,312 19.8 220,323 15.0
Delaware 106,381 26.7 102,657 25.7 131,262 32.9 58,852 14.7
District of Columbia 133,610 43.6 50,116 16.4 74,512 24.3 48,252 15.7
Florida 2,026,215 23.1 2,141,478 24.4 2,456,866 28.0 2,155,122 24.5
Georgia 855,482 20.5 897,367 21.5 1,204,876 28.9 1,216,027 29.1
Hawaii 219,221 39.1 177,275 31.6 120,641 21.5 44,094 7.9
Idaho 190,446 28.9 181,516 27.6 193,085 29.3 92,912 14.1
Illinois 1,443,449 28.5 1,384,286 27.3 1,296,208 25.6 947,121 18.7
Indiana 548,173 20.8 634,118 24.1 935,815 35.6 511,859 19.5
Iowa 411,597 33.5 459,228 37.4 258,796 21.1 98,839 8.0
Kansas 391,200 35.0 345,879 31.0 215,545 19.3 163,932 14.7
Kentucky 302,214 17.0 353,217 19.9 573,332 32.3 545,585 30.7
Louisiana 265,950 14.4 312,265 16.9 582,375 31.5 688,110 37.2
Maine 186,726 33.2 214,807 38.2 144,091 25.6 16,768 3.0
Maryland 696,314 28.4 736,149 30.0 667,844 27.2 354,812 14.5
Massachusetts 1,087,447 37.9 793,098 27.6 524,977 18.3 465,251 16.2
Michigan 1,141,623 28.5 1,265,163 31.6 1,101,856 27.5 498,783 12.4
Minnesota 878,223 40.4 736,617 33.9 411,489 18.9 149,309 6.9
Mississippi 119,136 10.0 211,479 17.7 377,887 31.7 482,929 40.5
Missouri 655,455 26.8 647,324 26.5 753,778 30.8 390,378 16.0
Montana 170,315 40.9 140,892 33.8 96,872 23.3 8,439 2.0
Nebraska 259,561 35.4 239,619 32.7 151,419 20.7 82,450 11.2
Nevada 231,374 19.7 300,397 25.6 284,476 24.2 357,596 30.5
New Hampshire 221,192 39.7 206,080 36.9 104,623 18.8 25,843 4.6
New Jersey 1,193,652 33.3 1,013,059 28.2 761,483 21.2 620,010 17.3
New Mexico 159,816 19.4 153,229 18.6 229,134 27.9 280,087 34.1
New York 1,833,365 22.8 1,929,338 24.0 2,046,552 25.4 2,241,642 27.8
North Carolina 931,095 22.1 876,769 20.8 1,315,831 31.3 1,082,231 25.7
North Dakota 95,764 33.7 106,496 37.4 75,533 26.6 6,627 2.3
Ohio 1,270,591 27.1 1,421,789 30.3 1,307,307 27.9 686,573 14.7
Oklahoma 250,258 16.4 364,264 23.9 572,739 37.6 337,708 22.1
Oregon 466,251 27.7 455,796 27.1 527,751 31.4 233,542 13.9
Pennsylvania 1,506,884 28.8 1,571,847 30.0 1,455,158 27.8 698,494 13.3
Puerto Rico 47,534 3.4 82,193 5.8 339,679 24.1 940,136 66.7
Rhode Island 117,032 26.4 122,291 27.6 119,029 26.9 84,660 19.1
South Carolina 460,751 22.2 472,918 22.7 569,618 27.4 576,791 27.7
South Dakota 92,778 28.1 122,911 37.2 83,171 25.2 31,778 9.6
Tennessee 509,260 18.6 539,706 19.8 984,345 36.0 697,629 25.5
Texas 2,262,296 21.0 2,013,259 18.6 2,507,744 23.2 4,013,780 37.2
Utah 434,751 39.1 360,533 32.4 209,653 18.8 108,131 9.7
Vermont 86,511 33.3 108,162 41.6 61,602 23.7 3,808 1.5
Virginia 984,226 28.9 880,944 25.8 986,512 28.9 557,846 16.4
Washington 971,562 33.0 929,391 31.6 703,686 23.9 340,828 11.6
West Virginia 95,148 12.9 150,690 20.5 294,294 40.0 195,324 26.6
Wisconsin 806,236 35.1 805,615 35.1 513,615 22.4 170,073 7.4
Wyoming 82,852 37.7 66,495 30.3 65,177 29.7 4,997 2.3
Region of residence
Northeast 6,745,705 29.3 6,403,163 27.8 5,508,827 23.9 4,376,799 19.0
Midwest 7,994,650 29.6 8,169,045 30.2 7,104,532 26.3 3,737,722 13.8
South 10,506,260 21.2 10,692,387 21.6 14,386,573 29.0 14,009,840 28.2
West 8,261,310 27.3 6,914,733 22.8 6,790,013 22.4 8,309,235 27.4
Total 33,555,459 25.6 32,261,521 24.6 34,129,624 26.0 31,373,732 23.9

 

Table A2. Adults aged ≥18 years with less than high school diploma, by assigned sex at birth and area of residence, 2016–2020 5-year ACS estimates—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
Less than high school diploma (%)
Total
<5 5.00–8.99 9.00–15.99 ≥16
Area of residence No. %c %d No. %c %d No. %c %d No. %c %d
Alabama 649,384 17.1 1.0 677,045 17.8 1.1 1,173,665 30.9 1.8 1,300,180 34.2 2.1
Alaska 172,321 31.1 0.3 225,490 40.7 0.4 122,977 22.2 0.2 32,843 5.9 0.1
Arizona 1,579,718 28.5 2.4 1,277,441 23.1 2.0 1,155,150 20.9 1.7 1,522,110 27.5 2.4
Arkansas 314,401 13.6 0.5 445,273 19.3 0.7 905,050 39.2 1.4 644,317 27.9 1.0
California 6,801,688 22.4 10.4 5,630,900 18.5 9.0 6,408,945 21.1 9.7 11,547,849 38.0 18.6
Colorado 1,914,586 43.3 2.9 992,206 22.4 1.6 862,777 19.5 1.3 656,326 14.8 1.1
Connecticut 996,932 35.2 1.5 851,104 30.0 1.4 558,498 19.7 0.8 428,431 15.1 0.7
Delaware 200,542 26.3 0.3 195,264 25.6 0.3 248,817 32.6 0.4 118,849 15.6 0.2
District of Columbia 252,532 43.8 0.4 94,124 16.3 0.2 138,076 24.0 0.2 91,194 15.8 0.1
Florida 3,866,543 22.7 5.9 4,106,804 24.2 6.6 4,721,053 27.8 7.1 4,308,080 25.3 6.9
Georgia 1,653,681 20.6 2.5 1,688,977 21.1 2.7 2,279,466 28.5 3.4 2,389,141 29.8 3.8
Hawaii 441,590 39.5 0.7 348,444 31.2 0.6 240,103 21.5 0.4 87,690 7.8 0.1
Idaho 375,136 28.6 0.6 358,570 27.4 0.6 389,659 29.8 0.6 186,404 14.2 0.3
Illinois 2,807,636 28.5 4.3 2,672,014 27.1 4.3 2,484,671 25.2 3.8 1,896,410 19.2 3.1
Indiana 1,061,967 20.7 1.6 1,234,521 24.1 2.0 1,826,346 35.6 2.8 1,003,046 19.6 1.6
Iowa 804,981 33.2 1.2 901,517 37.2 1.4 516,319 21.3 0.8 198,707 8.2 0.3
Kansas 768,445 34.8 1.2 682,079 30.9 1.1 427,847 19.4 0.6 328,276 14.9 0.5
Kentucky 582,861 16.9 0.9 684,645 19.8 1.1 1,116,691 32.3 1.7 1,070,136 31.0 1.7
Louisiana 505,135 14.2 0.8 596,283 16.7 1.0 1,110,341 31.1 1.7 1,355,298 38.0 2.2
Maine 355,697 32.6 0.5 422,684 38.8 0.7 279,195 25.6 0.4 32,282 3.0 0.1
Maryland 1,323,381 28.2 2.0 1,405,726 29.9 2.2 1,265,194 26.9 1.9 702,557 15.0 1.1
Massachusetts 2,068,547 37.5 3.2 1,528,411 27.7 2.4 1,021,478 18.5 1.5 892,597 16.2 1.4
Michigan 2,220,235 28.4 3.4 2,463,887 31.5 3.9 2,144,340 27.4 3.2 983,682 12.6 1.6
Minnesota 1,720,152 40.0 2.6 1,463,469 34.0 2.3 819,232 19.0 1.2 298,029 6.9 0.5
Mississippi 224,222 9.9 0.3 404,405 17.8 0.6 713,980 31.4 1.1 932,007 41.0 1.5
Missouri 1,261,751 26.6 1.9 1,247,858 26.3 2.0 1,463,474 30.8 2.2 771,654 16.3 1.2
Montana 340,083 40.8 0.5 280,813 33.7 0.4 195,538 23.5 0.3 16,682 2.0 0.0
Nebraska 506,076 34.9 0.8 476,406 32.9 0.8 299,617 20.7 0.5 166,624 11.5 0.3
Nevada 454,411 19.4 0.7 589,486 25.2 0.9 567,257 24.2 0.9 731,614 31.2 1.2
New Hampshire 434,150 39.6 0.7 405,771 37.0 0.6 205,502 18.7 0.3 52,090 4.7 0.1
New Jersey 2,303,558 33.2 3.5 1,941,169 28.0 3.1 1,464,835 21.1 2.2 1,222,403 17.6 2.0
New Mexico 309,009 19.2 0.5 297,023 18.4 0.5 451,081 28.0 0.7 556,454 34.5 0.9
New York 3,518,891 22.8 5.4 3,716,205 24.1 5.9 3,897,210 25.2 5.9 4,311,401 27.9 6.9
North Carolina 1,800,766 22.3 2.8 1,673,337 20.7 2.7 2,517,834 31.1 3.8 2,092,694 25.9 3.4
North Dakota 195,180 33.5 0.3 218,996 37.6 0.4 154,907 26.6 0.2 13,282 2.3 0.0
Ohio 2,454,948 27.0 3.8 2,739,205 30.2 4.4 2,531,009 27.9 3.8 1,356,125 14.9 2.2
Oklahoma 484,618 16.2 0.7 706,577 23.6 1.1 1,120,963 37.5 1.7 680,814 22.7 1.1
Oregon 911,601 27.5 1.4 891,450 26.9 1.4 1,038,077 31.4 1.6 468,142 14.1 0.8
Pennsylvania 2,901,566 28.6 4.5 3,032,650 29.9 4.9 2,815,269 27.7 4.3 1,395,818 13.8 2.2
Puerto Rico 86,053 3.3 0.1 149,521 5.7 0.2 620,976 23.5 0.9 1,787,932 67.6 2.9
Rhode Island 224,255 26.3 0.3 235,666 27.6 0.4 226,782 26.6 0.3 165,651 19.4 0.3
South Carolina 887,070 22.3 1.4 897,761 22.5 1.4 1,080,547 27.1 1.6 1,117,534 28.1 1.8
South Dakota 182,435 27.5 0.3 246,390 37.1 0.4 170,620 25.7 0.3 64,144 9.7 0.1
Tennessee 968,348 18.4 1.5 1,040,317 19.8 1.7 1,893,684 36.0 2.9 1,362,029 25.9 2.2
Texas 4,424,797 20.8 6.8 3,903,343 18.4 6.2 4,875,248 22.9 7.4 8,050,572 37.9 13.0
Utah 867,550 39.0 1.3 712,256 32.0 1.1 423,880 19.1 0.6 219,984 9.9 0.4
Vermont 167,457 32.9 0.3 212,830 41.8 0.3 121,458 23.9 0.2 6,963 1.4 0.0
Virginia 1,922,954 29.0 3.0 1,698,133 25.6 2.7 1,905,393 28.7 2.9 1,114,281 16.8 1.8
Washington 1,928,711 32.9 3.0 1,829,257 31.2 2.9 1,406,806 24.0 2.1 694,222 11.8 1.1
West Virginia 183,904 12.8 0.3 295,085 20.5 0.5 572,958 39.7 0.9 390,262 27.1 0.6
Wisconsin 1,573,251 34.7 2.4 1,591,926 35.1 2.5 1,029,503 22.7 1.6 337,974 7.5 0.5
Wyoming 166,755 37.3 0.3 136,044 30.5 0.2 132,659 29.7 0.2 11,090 2.5 0.0
Region of residence
Northeast 12,971,053 29.2 19.9 12,346,490 27.8 19.7 10,590,227 23.8 16.0 8,507,636 19.2 13.7
Midwest 15,557,057 29.5 23.9 15,938,268 30.2 25.5 13,867,885 26.3 21.0 7,417,953 14.1 11.9
South 20,245,139 21.1 31.1 20,513,099 21.3 32.8 27,638,960 28.8 41.8 27,719,945 28.8 44.6
West 16,263,159 27.1 25.0 13,569,380 22.6 21.7 13,394,909 22.3 20.3 16,731,410 27.9 26.9
Total 65,122,461 25.4 100 62,516,758 24.4 100 66,112,957 25.8 100 62,164,876 24.3 100

Abbreviations: ACS, American Community Survey; SDOH, social determinants of health [footnotes only].

Note. Proportion of residents in the census tract with less than a high school diploma at the time of the survey response (individuals aged 18 years and older).

aPercentage of male residents of area.
bPercentage of female residents of area.
cPercentage of residents of area.
dPercentage of SDOH subpopulation total.

Table A3. Median household income among adults aged ≥18 years, by sex assigned at birth and area of residence, 2016–2020 5-year ACS estimates—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
Median household income (U.S. $)
Male sex at birth
<46,000 46,000–61,999 62,000–85,999 ≥86,000
Area of residence No. %a No. %a No. %a No. %a
Alabama 696,680 38.7 514,796 28.6 393,035 21.9 193,859 10.8
Alaska 13,549 4.7 53,491 18.6 119,251 41.4 101,995 35.4
Arizona 698,676 25.8 673,562 24.9 715,072 26.4 616,543 22.8
Arkansas 465,842 41.8 395,717 35.5 181,216 16.3 71,878 6.4
California 1,768,320 11.9 2,703,248 18.2 3,980,622 26.8 6,390,891 43.1
Colorado 257,089 11.7 428,320 19.5 716,723 32.6 797,005 36.2
Connecticut 153,878 11.4 181,186 13.4 350,849 25.9 668,499 49.4
Delaware 32,930 9.0 103,617 28.5 137,780 37.8 89,783 24.7
District of Columbia 32,971 12.5 31,506 12.0 37,731 14.3 160,979 61.2
Florida 2,210,899 27.1 2,372,795 29.0 2,257,614 27.6 1,328,005 16.3
Georgia 1,005,856 26.3 986,395 25.8 972,745 25.5 853,033 22.3
Hawaii 28,442 5.1 70,697 12.8 166,529 30.1 287,416 52.0
Idaho 137,797 21.2 235,187 36.1 200,750 30.9 76,917 11.8
Illinois 781,729 16.4 1,102,358 23.1 1,437,030 30.1 1,459,608 30.5
Indiana 613,726 24.7 701,057 28.2 817,291 32.9 352,864 14.2
Iowa 168,445 14.2 441,334 37.1 422,852 35.6 156,280 13.1
Kansas 236,610 21.7 355,383 32.6 273,214 25.1 223,618 20.5
Kentucky 635,084 38.0 493,170 29.5 360,315 21.6 182,594 10.9
Louisiana 672,579 39.7 440,972 26.0 389,340 23.0 191,801 11.3
Maine 108,184 20.5 173,494 32.9 183,238 34.8 62,015 11.8
Maryland 163,750 7.4 298,577 13.4 521,210 23.4 1,243,857 55.8
Massachusetts 241,905 9.2 306,708 11.7 673,579 25.7 1,400,474 53.4
Michigan 899,385 23.9 1,080,326 28.7 1,074,665 28.6 707,010 18.8
Minnesota 195,105 9.2 477,960 22.5 737,768 34.8 709,513 33.5
Mississippi 529,949 49.2 297,434 27.6 180,034 16.7 69,784 6.5
Missouri 642,137 28.0 684,749 29.8 597,284 26.0 373,179 16.2
Montana 90,023 21.6 161,781 38.9 129,834 31.2 34,437 8.3
Nebraska 95,843 13.4 266,709 37.4 217,432 30.4 134,082 18.8
Nevada 256,337 22.0 288,475 24.7 372,774 31.9 249,748 21.4
New Hampshire 34,724 6.4 104,807 19.4 194,554 36.0 205,690 38.1
New Jersey 336,462 10.1 422,191 12.7 814,467 24.5 1,754,517 52.7
New Mexico 332,194 42.3 215,746 27.5 161,031 20.5 76,776 9.8
New York 1,124,994 15.4 1,461,034 20.0 2,014,225 27.6 2,708,790 37.1
North Carolina 1,132,647 29.4 1,233,691 32.1 855,469 22.2 626,103 16.3
North Dakota 40,380 13.6 79,187 26.6 125,801 42.2 52,577 17.6
Ohio 1,129,181 25.9 1,201,412 27.5 1,272,022 29.1 764,556 17.5
Oklahoma 499,274 34.2 470,261 32.2 321,703 22.0 170,195 11.6
Oregon 236,664 14.6 442,733 27.3 575,956 35.5 369,062 22.7
Pennsylvania 866,490 17.8 1,370,362 28.1 1,512,061 31.0 1,121,043 23.0
Puerto Rico 1,182,904 96.1 33,021 2.7 10,963 0.9 3,871 0.3
Rhode Island 62,915 15.4 66,957 16.4 144,406 35.3 135,064 33.0
South Carolina 598,661 31.9 586,355 31.2 450,132 24.0 244,231 13.0
South Dakota 67,471 20.3 121,480 36.5 107,968 32.4 36,032 10.8
Tennessee 847,053 33.6 757,212 30.0 563,395 22.3 356,886 14.1
Texas 2,489,453 24.0 2,482,256 24.0 2,697,132 26.0 2,690,505 26.0
Utah 106,198 9.6 219,288 19.8 400,428 36.1 382,443 34.5
Vermont 36,658 14.7 68,773 27.7 111,838 45.0 31,356 12.6
Virginia 448,532 14.0 666,528 20.8 737,978 23.0 1,358,854 42.3
Washington 251,770 8.7 552,216 19.0 895,878 30.9 1,201,717 41.4
West Virginia 309,474 43.8 250,327 35.4 117,385 16.6 29,567 4.2
Wisconsin 332,373 14.9 673,687 30.1 844,348 37.8 385,470 17.2
Wyoming 25,881 11.4 71,046 31.3 85,006 37.4 45,094 19.9
Region of residence
Northeast 2,966,210 14.0 4,155,512 19.6 5,999,217 28.3 8,087,448 38.1
Midwest 5,202,385 20.3 7,185,642 28.0 7,927,675 30.9 5,354,789 20.9
South 12,771,634 27.7 12,381,609 26.8 11,174,214 24.2 9,861,914 21.4
West 4,202,940 14.3 6,115,790 20.8 8,519,854 28.9 10,630,044 36.1
Total 26,326,073 21.3 29,871,574 24.1 33,631,923 27.2 33,938,066 27.4

 

Table A3. Median household income among adults aged ≥18 years, by sex assigned at birth and area of residence, 2016–2020 5-year ACS estimates—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
Median household income (U.S. $)
Female sex at birth
<46,000 46,000–61,999 62,000–85,999 ≥86,000
Area of residence No. %b No. %b No. %b No. %b
Alabama 790,215 39.9 558,802 28.2 428,561 21.6 204,759 10.3
Alaska 12,084 4.6 44,292 16.9 110,471 42.0 95,934 36.5
Arizona 717,486 25.6 695,647 24.9 742,474 26.5 642,403 23.0
Arkansas 504,865 42.5 416,694 35.1 189,490 15.9 77,315 6.5
California 1,830,331 11.9 2,785,024 18.1 4,141,891 27.0 6,602,179 43.0
Colorado 257,330 11.7 430,121 19.5 710,766 32.3 802,730 36.5
Connecticut 174,392 11.9 206,634 14.1 378,769 25.9 702,836 48.1
Delaware 37,790 9.5 119,360 29.9 145,490 36.5 96,459 24.2
District of Columbia 46,236 15.3 35,426 11.8 40,896 13.6 178,742 59.3
Florida 2,389,013 27.3 2,538,450 29.1 2,395,684 27.4 1,412,859 16.2
Georgia 1,127,646 27.1 1,063,810 25.6 1,060,867 25.5 905,466 21.8
Hawaii 26,313 4.7 69,212 12.4 169,458 30.3 294,467 52.6
Idaho 139,495 21.2 237,114 36.1 204,560 31.1 75,844 11.5
Illinois 863,066 17.0 1,165,450 23.0 1,515,534 29.9 1,519,172 30.0
Indiana 676,448 25.8 739,515 28.2 840,075 32.0 366,322 14.0
Iowa 172,881 14.1 453,481 37.0 436,999 35.6 162,887 13.3
Kansas 236,487 21.2 361,759 32.4 284,439 25.5 232,173 20.8
Kentucky 684,061 38.6 518,865 29.3 378,613 21.4 188,695 10.7
Louisiana 742,198 40.6 471,294 25.8 413,540 22.6 200,111 11.0
Maine 115,225 20.5 184,619 32.9 193,827 34.5 68,296 12.2
Maryland 193,454 7.9 343,016 14.0 576,931 23.5 1,340,543 54.6
Massachusetts 275,138 9.6 334,120 11.7 729,803 25.6 1,513,147 53.1
Michigan 989,888 24.9 1,130,005 28.4 1,129,843 28.4 730,421 18.4
Minnesota 206,620 9.5 491,138 22.6 746,291 34.4 728,165 33.5
Mississippi 593,996 50.1 324,571 27.4 191,543 16.2 74,730 6.3
Missouri 707,578 28.9 716,155 29.3 629,990 25.8 392,371 16.0
Montana 89,422 21.5 160,461 38.5 131,511 31.6 35,120 8.4
Nebraska 99,780 13.6 274,116 37.4 219,429 29.9 139,666 19.1
Nevada 250,100 21.3 288,455 24.6 379,080 32.3 255,600 21.8
New Hampshire 36,229 6.5 109,223 19.6 198,668 35.6 213,618 38.3
New Jersey 382,603 10.7 460,185 12.8 874,301 24.4 1,869,154 52.1
New Mexico 345,165 42.1 233,029 28.5 163,395 20.0 77,422 9.5
New York 1,330,794 16.7 1,575,513 19.7 2,168,597 27.1 2,916,639 36.5
North Carolina 1,269,039 30.3 1,325,216 31.6 921,364 22.0 674,435 16.1
North Dakota 38,512 13.5 75,570 26.6 119,601 42.1 50,737 17.8
Ohio 1,245,108 26.7 1,292,082 27.7 1,332,319 28.5 802,213 17.2
Oklahoma 516,327 34.0 489,972 32.2 337,399 22.2 176,548 11.6
Oregon 246,604 14.7 462,800 27.5 590,952 35.1 382,051 22.7
Pennsylvania 986,233 18.9 1,455,237 27.9 1,591,840 30.6 1,176,322 22.6
Puerto Rico 1,349,860 96.0 40,324 2.9 12,048 0.9 4,426 0.3
Rhode Island 69,987 15.8 73,376 16.6 157,743 35.6 141,906 32.0
South Carolina 670,095 32.5 643,653 31.2 489,678 23.7 261,154 12.6
South Dakota 66,777 20.2 117,620 35.6 108,159 32.7 38,082 11.5
Tennessee 934,637 34.3 805,957 29.6 602,076 22.1 382,621 14.0
Texas 2,616,114 24.4 2,540,499 23.7 2,786,856 25.9 2,798,311 26.1
Utah 106,475 9.6 219,650 19.7 406,836 36.6 379,749 34.1
Vermont 39,328 15.1 73,216 28.2 114,487 44.0 33,052 12.7
Virginia 494,605 14.6 704,821 20.7 785,014 23.1 1,413,852 41.6
Washington 251,215 8.5 561,439 19.1 906,090 30.8 1,220,573 41.5
West Virginia 327,635 44.5 257,966 35.1 119,338 16.2 30,517 4.1
Wisconsin 362,927 15.8 680,627 29.6 859,161 37.4 392,824 17.1
Wyoming 24,750 11.3 72,382 33.0 78,384 35.7 44,005 20.0
Region of residence
Northeast 3,409,929 14.9 4,472,123 19.5 6,408,035 28.0 8,634,970 37.7
Midwest 5,666,072 21.0 7,497,518 27.8 8,221,840 30.5 5,555,033 20.6
South 13,937,926 28.2 13,158,372 26.6 11,863,340 24.0 10,417,117 21.1
West 4,296,770 14.2 6,259,626 20.7 8,735,868 28.9 10,908,077 36.1
Total 28,660,557 21.9 31,427,963 24.0 35,241,131 26.9 35,519,623 27.1

 

Table A3. Median household income among adults aged ≥18 years, by sex assigned at birth and area of residence, 2016–2020 5-year ACS estimates—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
Median household income (U.S. $)
Total
<46,000 46,000–61,999 62,000–85,999 ≥86,000
Area of residence No. %c %d No. %c %d No. %c %d No. %c %d
Alabama 1,486,895 39.3 2.7 1,073,598 28.4 1.8 821,596 21.7 1.2 398,618 10.5 0.6
Alaska 25,633 4.7 0.0 97,783 17.7 0.2 229,722 41.7 0.3 197,929 35.9 0.3
Arizona 1,416,162 25.7 2.6 1,369,209 24.9 2.2 1,457,546 26.5 2.1 1,258,946 22.9 1.8
Arkansas 970,707 42.1 1.8 812,411 35.3 1.3 370,706 16.1 0.5 149,193 6.5 0.2
California 3,598,651 11.9 6.5 5,488,272 18.2 9.0 8,122,513 26.9 11.8 12,993,070 43.0 18.7
Colorado 514,419 11.7 0.9 858,441 19.5 1.4 1,427,489 32.4 2.1 1,599,735 36.4 2.3
Connecticut 328,270 11.7 0.6 387,820 13.8 0.6 729,618 25.9 1.1 1,371,335 48.7 2.0
Delaware 70,720 9.3 0.1 222,977 29.2 0.4 283,270 37.1 0.4 186,242 24.4 0.3
District of Columbia 79,207 14.0 0.1 66,932 11.9 0.1 78,627 13.9 0.1 339,721 60.2 0.5
Florida 4,599,912 27.2 8.4 4,911,245 29.1 8.0 4,653,298 27.5 6.8 2,740,864 16.2 3.9
Georgia 2,133,502 26.7 3.9 2,050,205 25.7 3.3 2,033,612 25.5 3.0 1,758,499 22.0 2.5
Hawaii 54,755 4.9 0.1 139,909 12.6 0.2 335,987 30.2 0.5 581,883 52.3 0.8
Idaho 277,292 21.2 0.5 472,301 36.1 0.8 405,310 31.0 0.6 152,761 11.7 0.2
Illinois 1,644,795 16.7 3.0 2,267,808 23.0 3.7 2,952,564 30.0 4.3 2,978,780 30.3 4.3
Indiana 1,290,174 25.3 2.3 1,440,572 28.2 2.4 1,657,366 32.5 2.4 719,186 14.1 1.0
Iowa 341,326 14.1 0.6 894,815 37.0 1.5 859,851 35.6 1.2 319,167 13.2 0.5
Kansas 473,097 21.5 0.9 717,142 32.5 1.2 557,653 25.3 0.8 455,791 20.7 0.7
Kentucky 1,319,145 38.3 2.4 1,012,035 29.4 1.7 738,928 21.5 1.1 371,289 10.8 0.5
Louisiana 1,414,777 40.2 2.6 912,266 25.9 1.5 802,880 22.8 1.2 391,912 11.1 0.6
Maine 223,409 20.5 0.4 358,113 32.9 0.6 377,065 34.6 0.5 130,311 12.0 0.2
Maryland 357,204 7.6 0.6 641,593 13.7 1.0 1,098,141 23.5 1.6 2,584,400 55.2 3.7
Massachusetts 517,043 9.4 0.9 640,828 11.7 1.0 1,403,382 25.6 2.0 2,913,621 53.2 4.2
Michigan 1,889,273 24.4 3.4 2,210,331 28.6 3.6 2,204,508 28.5 3.2 1,437,431 18.6 2.1
Minnesota 401,725 9.4 0.7 969,098 22.6 1.6 1,484,059 34.6 2.2 1,437,678 33.5 2.1
Mississippi 1,123,945 49.7 2.0 622,005 27.5 1.0 371,577 16.4 0.5 144,514 6.4 0.2
Missouri 1,349,715 28.5 2.5 1,400,904 29.5 2.3 1,227,274 25.9 1.8 765,550 16.1 1.1
Montana 179,445 21.6 0.3 322,242 38.7 0.5 261,345 31.4 0.4 69,557 8.4 0.1
Nebraska 195,623 13.5 0.4 540,825 37.4 0.9 436,861 30.2 0.6 273,748 18.9 0.4
Nevada 506,437 21.6 0.9 576,930 24.6 0.9 751,854 32.1 1.1 505,348 21.6 0.7
New Hampshire 70,953 6.5 0.1 214,030 19.5 0.3 393,222 35.8 0.6 419,308 38.2 0.6
New Jersey 719,065 10.4 1.3 882,376 12.8 1.4 1,688,768 24.4 2.5 3,623,671 52.4 5.2
New Mexico 677,359 42.2 1.2 448,775 28.0 0.7 324,426 20.2 0.5 154,198 9.6 0.2
New York 2,455,788 16.1 4.5 3,036,547 19.8 5.0 4,182,822 27.3 6.1 5,625,429 36.8 8.1
North Carolina 2,401,686 29.9 4.4 2,558,907 31.8 4.2 1,776,833 22.1 2.6 1,300,538 16.2 1.9
North Dakota 78,892 13.5 0.1 154,757 26.6 0.3 245,402 42.1 0.4 103,314 17.7 0.1
Ohio 2,374,289 26.3 4.3 2,493,494 27.6 4.1 2,604,341 28.8 3.8 1,566,769 17.3 2.3
Oklahoma 1,015,601 34.1 1.8 960,233 32.2 1.6 659,102 22.1 1.0 346,743 11.6 0.5
Oregon 483,268 14.6 0.9 905,533 27.4 1.5 1,166,908 35.3 1.7 751,113 22.7 1.1
Pennsylvania 1,852,723 18.4 3.4 2,825,599 28.0 4.6 3,103,901 30.8 4.5 2,297,365 22.8 3.3
Puerto Rico 2,532,764 96.0 4.6 73,345 2.8 0.1 23,011 0.9 0.0 8,297 0.3 0.0
Rhode Island 132,902 15.6 0.2 140,333 16.5 0.2 302,149 35.4 0.4 276,970 32.5 0.4
South Carolina 1,268,756 32.2 2.3 1,230,008 31.2 2.0 939,810 23.8 1.4 505,385 12.8 0.7
South Dakota 134,248 20.2 0.2 239,100 36.0 0.4 216,127 32.6 0.3 74,114 11.2 0.1
Tennessee 1,781,690 33.9 3.2 1,563,169 29.8 2.6 1,165,471 22.2 1.7 739,507 14.1 1.1
Texas 5,105,567 24.2 9.3 5,022,755 23.8 8.2 5,483,988 26.0 8.0 5,488,816 26.0 7.9
Utah 212,673 9.6 0.4 438,938 19.8 0.7 807,264 36.3 1.2 762,192 34.3 1.1
Vermont 75,986 14.9 0.1 141,989 27.9 0.2 226,325 44.5 0.3 64,408 12.7 0.1
Virginia 943,137 14.3 1.7 1,371,349 20.7 2.2 1,522,992 23.0 2.2 2,772,706 41.9 4.0
Washington 502,985 8.6 0.9 1,113,655 19.1 1.8 1,801,968 30.9 2.6 2,422,290 41.5 3.5
West Virginia 637,109 44.2 1.2 508,293 35.2 0.8 236,723 16.4 0.3 60,084 4.2 0.1
Wisconsin 695,300 15.3 1.3 1,354,314 29.9 2.2 1,703,509 37.6 2.5 778,294 17.2 1.1
Wyoming 50,631 11.3 0.1 143,428 32.1 0.2 163,390 36.6 0.2 89,099 20.0 0.1
Region of residence
Northeast 6,376,139 14.4 11.6 8,627,635 19.5 14.1 12,407,252 28.1 18.0 16,722,418 37.9 24.1
Midwest 10,868,457 20.7 19.8 14,683,160 27.9 24.0 16,149,515 30.7 23.4 10,909,822 20.7 15.7
South 26,709,560 27.9 48.6 25,539,981 26.7 41.7 23,037,554 24.1 33.4 20,279,031 21.2 29.2
West 8,499,710 14.2 15.5 12,375,416 20.7 20.2 17,255,722 28.9 25.1 21,538,121 36.1 31.0
Total 54,986,630 21.6 100 61,299,537 24.1 100 68,873,054 27.0 100 69,457,689 27.3 100

Abbreviations: ACS, American Community Survey; SDOH, social determinants of health [footnotes only].

Note. Median household income (all age groups) in the census tract during the 12 months before the survey response.

aPercentage of male residents of area.
bPercentage of female residents of area.
cPercentage of residents of area.
dPercentage of SDOH subpopulation total.

Table A4. Adults aged ≥18 years without health insurance, by assigned sex at birth and area of residence, 2016–2020 5-year ACS estimates—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
Without health insurance (%)
Male sex at birth
<4 4.00–7.99 8.00–13.99 ≥14
Area of residence No. %a No. %a No. %a No. %a
Alabama 215,566 11.9 386,104 21.4 645,058 35.7 561,371 31.0
Alaska 16,124 5.6 44,690 15.4 104,976 36.2 124,570 42.9
Arizona 561,153 20.7 622,684 23.0 756,331 27.9 771,135 28.4
Arkansas 150,204 13.4 358,004 32.0 411,726 36.8 198,871 17.8
California 4,270,955 28.6 4,338,753 29.1 3,549,255 23.8 2,748,422 18.4
Colorado 555,824 25.2 673,325 30.5 575,948 26.1 402,774 18.2
Connecticut 710,843 52.2 347,634 25.5 173,569 12.8 128,804 9.5
Delaware 121,273 33.3 133,695 36.7 93,112 25.6 16,030 4.4
District of Columbia 154,666 57.4 77,463 28.8 32,115 11.9 5,192 1.9
Florida 702,279 8.6 1,446,688 17.6 2,411,258 29.4 3,652,254 44.5
Georgia 355,310 9.3 539,938 14.1 1,087,647 28.3 1,853,864 48.3
Hawaii 301,243 54.3 190,005 34.3 55,251 10.0 8,002 1.4
Idaho 55,962 8.6 146,998 22.6 196,431 30.1 252,419 38.7
Illinois 1,548,850 32.3 1,458,641 30.5 1,009,289 21.1 772,418 16.1
Indiana 528,374 21.2 894,603 35.9 712,665 28.6 358,094 14.4
Iowa 536,639 45.0 422,198 35.4 177,104 14.8 57,123 4.8
Kansas 221,156 20.3 312,098 28.6 328,700 30.2 228,137 20.9
Kentucky 568,616 34.0 667,158 39.8 355,870 21.2 83,145 5.0
Louisiana 218,007 12.7 451,433 26.3 652,737 38.0 393,482 22.9
Maine 65,238 12.4 185,776 35.2 237,084 44.9 39,368 7.5
Maryland 940,345 42.2 726,991 32.6 309,813 13.9 250,548 11.2
Massachusetts 1,927,600 73.0 551,122 20.9 135,259 5.1 26,069 1.0
Michigan 1,335,019 35.2 1,497,798 39.5 780,851 20.6 175,326 4.6
Minnesota 1,002,119 47.2 779,337 36.7 281,506 13.3 60,392 2.8
Mississippi 59,398 5.5 129,947 12.0 335,020 30.9 558,742 51.6
Missouri 403,922 17.6 516,253 22.5 761,145 33.1 616,482 26.8
Montana 46,990 11.3 168,340 40.5 155,875 37.5 44,870 10.8
Nebraska 153,219 21.5 237,493 33.3 186,365 26.1 137,170 19.2
Nevada 143,141 12.3 288,626 24.7 333,020 28.5 403,664 34.5
New Hampshire 157,266 29.1 208,587 38.6 131,873 24.4 42,049 7.8
New Jersey 1,220,734 36.6 858,032 25.8 614,143 18.4 638,488 19.2
New Mexico 148,436 18.8 202,243 25.6 237,618 30.1 200,555 25.4
New York 3,185,976 43.2 2,202,922 29.9 1,342,990 18.2 635,752 8.6
North Carolina 440,032 11.4 791,777 20.4 1,269,674 32.8 1,370,326 35.4
North Dakota 77,200 25.9 122,719 41.2 71,541 24.0 26,485 8.9
Ohio 1,478,325 33.7 1,596,691 36.4 985,716 22.5 329,901 7.5
Oklahoma 66,551 4.5 169,010 11.5 390,598 26.6 840,226 57.3
Oregon 364,811 22.4 619,609 38.1 492,740 30.3 148,770 9.1
Pennsylvania 2,071,140 42.3 1,710,447 34.9 783,627 16.0 331,446 6.8
Puerto Rico 181,118 14.7 557,302 45.2 410,463 33.3 83,871 6.8
Rhode Island 228,269 55.8 114,420 28.0 49,722 12.1 16,931 4.1
South Carolina 201,731 10.7 418,357 22.1 641,915 33.9 630,675 33.3
South Dakota 45,797 13.8 110,941 33.3 109,226 32.8 66,987 20.1
Tennessee 265,423 10.5 588,582 23.3 978,485 38.7 696,613 27.5
Texas 673,062 6.5 1,258,830 12.1 2,065,350 19.8 6,428,609 61.7
Utah 208,514 18.8 312,989 28.2 343,627 31.0 243,406 22.0
Vermont 106,659 42.9 119,830 48.2 20,786 8.4 1,350 0.5
Virginia 655,553 20.3 1,002,450 31.1 952,787 29.6 612,226 19.0
Washington 917,019 31.5 1,014,571 34.9 684,613 23.5 294,684 10.1
West Virginia 130,268 18.4 324,265 45.9 213,322 30.2 38,898 5.5
Wisconsin 910,314 40.7 830,884 37.2 370,060 16.6 124,620 5.6
Wyoming 7,871 3.5 46,642 20.5 92,943 40.9 79,571 35.0
Region of residence
Northeast 9,673,725 45.4 6,298,770 29.5 3,489,053 16.4 1,860,257 8.7
Midwest 8,240,934 32.0 8,779,656 34.1 5,774,168 22.4 2,953,135 11.5
South 5,918,284 12.7 9,470,692 20.4 12,846,487 27.7 18,191,072 39.2
West 7,598,043 25.7 8,669,475 29.3 7,578,628 25.6 5,722,842 19.4
Total 31,612,104 25.4 33,775,895 27.2 30,098,799 24.2 28,811,177 23.2

 

Table A4. Adults aged ≥18 years without health insurance, by assigned sex at birth and area of residence, 2016–2020 5-year ACS estimates—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
Without health insurance (%)
Female sex at birth
<4 4.00–7.99 8.00–13.99 ≥14
Area of residence No. %b No. %b No. %b No. %b
Alabama 239,805 12.0 420,731 21.1 710,969 35.7 620,670 31.2
Alaska 12,156 4.6 41,638 15.8 99,107 37.6 110,370 41.9
Arizona 587,158 21.0 653,966 23.3 780,293 27.9 780,334 27.9
Arkansas 162,971 13.7 380,634 32.0 443,595 37.3 203,036 17.1
California 4,468,649 29.0 4,523,529 29.4 3,668,765 23.8 2,742,618 17.8
Colorado 569,809 25.8 678,077 30.7 573,139 26.0 386,555 17.5
Connecticut 761,081 51.8 377,509 25.7 195,365 13.3 134,982 9.2
Delaware 134,563 33.7 146,113 36.6 102,364 25.6 16,059 4.0
District of Columbia 177,612 58.0 85,835 28.0 37,478 12.2 5,565 1.8
Florida 783,125 8.9 1,585,279 18.1 2,605,950 29.7 3,804,782 43.3
Georgia 373,061 8.9 576,670 13.8 1,203,998 28.8 2,019,995 48.4
Hawaii 302,295 53.9 193,387 34.5 56,528 10.1 8,849 1.6
Idaho 57,064 8.7 153,254 23.3 199,109 30.3 248,532 37.8
Illinois 1,638,223 32.3 1,563,314 30.8 1,098,018 21.7 771,393 15.2
Indiana 552,719 21.0 940,432 35.8 759,892 28.9 376,922 14.3
Iowa 566,074 46.1 431,603 35.1 173,719 14.1 57,064 4.6
Kansas 226,428 20.3 320,997 28.7 339,690 30.4 229,441 20.5
Kentucky 601,592 33.9 713,004 40.2 375,507 21.2 83,837 4.7
Louisiana 231,301 12.5 493,966 26.7 711,909 38.5 411,427 22.3
Maine 73,744 13.1 198,731 35.3 249,579 44.4 40,338 7.2
Maryland 1,029,249 41.9 813,954 33.2 351,858 14.3 259,575 10.6
Massachusetts 2,111,143 73.5 593,642 20.7 140,326 4.9 25,662 0.9
Michigan 1,425,375 35.6 1,579,792 39.4 816,640 20.4 183,958 4.6
Minnesota 1,044,235 48.0 785,831 36.1 285,950 13.1 59,622 2.7
Mississippi 68,735 5.8 140,047 11.8 362,348 30.4 620,301 52.1
Missouri 426,745 17.4 550,505 22.5 807,373 33.0 662,312 27.1
Montana 46,765 11.2 169,873 40.8 154,395 37.1 45,481 10.9
Nebraska 161,596 22.0 243,918 33.3 191,187 26.1 136,323 18.6
Nevada 150,254 12.8 295,408 25.2 339,661 28.9 388,419 33.1
New Hampshire 166,323 29.8 217,487 39.0 133,197 23.9 40,731 7.3
New Jersey 1,326,728 37.0 922,704 25.7 668,168 18.6 670,604 18.7
New Mexico 155,181 18.9 214,044 26.0 243,652 29.6 209,075 25.4
New York 3,493,868 43.4 2,415,888 30.0 1,490,724 18.5 648,430 8.1
North Carolina 461,605 11.0 862,509 20.5 1,390,419 33.1 1,491,110 35.5
North Dakota 76,099 26.8 117,740 41.4 65,653 23.1 24,928 8.8
Ohio 1,576,963 33.7 1,726,439 36.8 1,041,251 22.2 341,607 7.3
Oklahoma 66,626 4.4 184,698 12.1 404,166 26.5 868,623 57.0
Oregon 391,439 23.3 641,770 38.1 498,662 29.6 151,469 9.0
Pennsylvania 2,212,338 42.3 1,830,065 35.0 843,242 16.1 346,441 6.6
Puerto Rico 205,805 14.6 639,482 45.4 471,245 33.4 92,998 6.6
Rhode Island 247,227 55.8 125,389 28.3 54,156 12.2 16,240 3.7
South Carolina 220,595 10.6 450,889 21.7 716,772 34.5 687,699 33.1
South Dakota 48,198 14.6 110,527 33.4 108,510 32.8 63,403 19.2
Tennessee 289,935 10.6 638,317 23.4 1,051,414 38.5 750,614 27.5
Texas 678,845 6.3 1,323,557 12.3 2,167,365 20.1 6,625,865 61.4
Utah 212,548 19.1 316,798 28.5 344,291 30.9 239,243 21.5
Vermont 112,181 43.1 125,230 48.2 21,147 8.1 1,525 0.6
Virginia 686,373 20.1 1,075,074 31.5 1,006,611 29.5 640,939 18.8
Washington 934,224 31.7 1,046,586 35.5 679,606 23.1 285,051 9.7
West Virginia 140,128 19.1 341,871 46.5 216,574 29.4 36,883 5.0
Wisconsin 937,813 40.9 853,072 37.2 379,904 16.5 124,750 5.4
Wyoming 7,010 3.2 46,123 21.0 92,751 42.3 73,637 33.5
Region of residence
Northeast 10,504,633 45.6 6,806,645 29.6 3,795,904 16.5 1,924,953 8.4
Midwest 8,680,468 32.1 9,224,170 34.2 6,067,787 22.5 3,031,723 11.2
South 6,346,121 12.8 10,233,148 20.6 13,859,297 28.0 19,146,980 38.6
West 7,894,552 26.1 8,974,453 29.6 7,729,959 25.5 5,669,633 18.7
Total 33,631,579 25.6 35,877,898 27.3 31,924,192 24.3 29,866,287 22.7

 

Table A4. Adults aged ≥18 years without health insurance, by assigned sex at birth and area of residence, 2016–2020 5-year ACS estimates—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
Without health insurance (%)
Total
<4 4.00–7.99 8.00–13.99 ≥14
Area of residence No. %c %d No. %c %d No. %c %d No. %c %d
Alabama 455,371 12.0 0.7 806,835 21.2 1.2 1,356,027 35.7 2.2 1,182,041 31.1 2.0
Alaska 28,280 5.1 0.0 86,328 15.6 0.1 204,083 36.9 0.3 234,940 42.4 0.4
Arizona 1,148,311 20.8 1.8 1,276,650 23.2 1.8 1,536,624 27.9 2.5 1,551,469 28.1 2.6
Arkansas 313,175 13.6 0.5 738,638 32.0 1.1 855,321 37.0 1.4 401,907 17.4 0.7
California 8,739,604 28.8 13.4 8,862,282 29.2 12.7 7,218,020 23.8 11.6 5,491,040 18.1 9.4
Colorado 1,125,633 25.5 1.7 1,351,402 30.6 1.9 1,149,087 26.0 1.9 789,329 17.9 1.3
Connecticut 1,471,924 52.0 2.3 725,143 25.6 1.0 368,934 13.0 0.6 263,786 9.3 0.4
Delaware 255,836 33.5 0.4 279,808 36.7 0.4 195,476 25.6 0.3 32,089 4.2 0.1
District of Columbia 332,278 57.7 0.5 163,298 28.4 0.2 69,593 12.1 0.1 10,757 1.9 0.0
Florida 1,485,404 8.7 2.3 3,031,967 17.8 4.4 5,017,208 29.5 8.1 7,457,036 43.9 12.7
Georgia 728,371 9.1 1.1 1,116,608 13.9 1.6 2,291,645 28.6 3.7 3,873,859 48.4 6.6
Hawaii 603,538 54.1 0.9 383,392 34.4 0.6 111,779 10.0 0.2 16,851 1.5 0.0
Idaho 113,026 8.6 0.2 300,252 22.9 0.4 395,540 30.2 0.6 500,951 38.2 0.9
Illinois 3,187,073 32.3 4.9 3,021,955 30.6 4.3 2,107,307 21.4 3.4 1,543,811 15.7 2.6
Indiana 1,081,093 21.1 1.7 1,835,035 35.8 2.6 1,472,557 28.7 2.4 735,016 14.3 1.3
Iowa 1,102,713 45.5 1.7 853,801 35.3 1.2 350,823 14.5 0.6 114,187 4.7 0.2
Kansas 447,584 20.3 0.7 633,095 28.7 0.9 668,390 30.3 1.1 457,578 20.7 0.8
Kentucky 1,170,208 33.9 1.8 1,380,162 40.0 2.0 731,377 21.2 1.2 166,982 4.8 0.3
Louisiana 449,308 12.6 0.7 945,399 26.5 1.4 1,364,646 38.3 2.2 804,909 22.6 1.4
Maine 138,982 12.8 0.2 384,507 35.3 0.6 486,663 44.7 0.8 79,706 7.3 0.1
Maryland 1,969,594 42.1 3.0 1,540,945 32.9 2.2 661,671 14.1 1.1 510,123 10.9 0.9
Massachusetts 4,038,743 73.3 6.2 1,144,764 20.8 1.6 275,585 5.0 0.4 51,731 0.9 0.1
Michigan 2,760,394 35.4 4.2 3,077,590 39.5 4.4 1,597,491 20.5 2.6 359,284 4.6 0.6
Minnesota 2,046,354 47.6 3.1 1,565,168 36.4 2.2 567,456 13.2 0.9 120,014 2.8 0.2
Mississippi 128,133 5.6 0.2 269,994 11.9 0.4 697,368 30.7 1.1 1,179,043 51.8 2.0
Missouri 830,667 17.5 1.3 1,066,758 22.5 1.5 1,568,518 33.1 2.5 1,278,794 27.0 2.2
Montana 93,755 11.3 0.1 338,213 40.6 0.5 310,270 37.3 0.5 90,351 10.9 0.2
Nebraska 314,815 21.8 0.5 481,411 33.3 0.7 377,552 26.1 0.6 273,493 18.9 0.5
Nevada 293,395 12.5 0.4 584,034 24.9 0.8 672,681 28.7 1.1 792,083 33.8 1.3
New Hampshire 323,589 29.5 0.5 426,074 38.8 0.6 265,070 24.2 0.4 82,780 7.5 0.1
New Jersey 2,547,462 36.8 3.9 1,780,736 25.7 2.6 1,282,311 18.5 2.1 1,309,092 18.9 2.2
New Mexico 303,617 18.8 0.5 416,287 25.8 0.6 481,270 29.9 0.8 409,630 25.4 0.7
New York 6,679,844 43.3 10.2 4,618,810 30.0 6.6 2,833,714 18.4 4.6 1,284,182 8.3 2.2
North Carolina 901,637 11.2 1.4 1,654,286 20.5 2.4 2,660,093 32.9 4.3 2,861,436 35.4 4.9
North Dakota 153,299 26.3 0.2 240,459 41.3 0.3 137,194 23.6 0.2 51,413 8.8 0.1
Ohio 3,055,288 33.7 4.7 3,323,130 36.6 4.8 2,026,967 22.3 3.3 671,508 7.4 1.1
Oklahoma 133,177 4.5 0.2 353,708 11.8 0.5 794,764 26.6 1.3 1,708,849 57.1 2.9
Oregon 756,250 22.9 1.2 1,261,379 38.1 1.8 991,402 30.0 1.6 300,239 9.1 0.5
Pennsylvania 4,283,478 42.3 6.6 3,540,512 35.0 5.1 1,626,869 16.1 2.6 677,887 6.7 1.2
Puerto Rico 386,923 14.6 0.6 1,196,784 45.3 1.7 881,708 33.4 1.4 176,869 6.7 0.3
Rhode Island 475,496 55.8 0.7 239,809 28.1 0.3 103,878 12.2 0.2 33,171 3.9 0.1
South Carolina 422,326 10.6 0.6 869,246 21.9 1.2 1,358,687 34.2 2.2 1,318,374 33.2 2.2
South Dakota 93,995 14.2 0.1 221,468 33.4 0.3 217,736 32.8 0.4 130,390 19.6 0.2
Tennessee 555,358 10.6 0.9 1,226,899 23.3 1.8 2,029,899 38.6 3.3 1,447,227 27.5 2.5
Texas 1,351,907 6.4 2.1 2,582,387 12.2 3.7 4,232,715 19.9 6.8 13,054,474 61.5 22.2
Utah 421,062 19.0 0.6 629,787 28.4 0.9 687,918 31.0 1.1 482,649 21.7 0.8
Vermont 218,840 43.0 0.3 245,060 48.2 0.4 41,933 8.2 0.1 2,875 0.6 0.0
Virginia 1,341,926 20.2 2.1 2,077,524 31.3 3.0 1,959,398 29.5 3.2 1,253,165 18.9 2.1
Washington 1,851,243 31.6 2.8 2,061,157 35.2 3.0 1,364,219 23.3 2.2 579,735 9.9 1.0
West Virginia 270,396 18.7 0.4 666,136 46.2 1.0 429,896 29.8 0.7 75,781 5.3 0.1
Wisconsin 1,848,127 40.8 2.8 1,683,956 37.2 2.4 749,964 16.6 1.2 249,370 5.5 0.4
Wyoming 14,881 3.3 0.0 92,765 20.8 0.1 185,694 41.6 0.3 153,208 34.3 0.3
Region of residence
Northeast 20,178,358 45.5 30.9 13,105,415 29.5 18.8 7,284,957 16.4 11.7 3,785,210 8.5 6.5
Midwest 16,921,402 32.1 25.9 18,003,826 34.1 25.8 11,841,955 22.4 19.1 5,984,858 11.3 10.2
South 12,264,405 12.8 18.8 19,703,840 20.5 28.3 26,705,784 27.8 43.1 37,338,052 38.9 63.6
West 15,492,595 25.9 23.7 17,643,928 29.5 25.3 15,308,587 25.6 24.7 11,392,475 19.0 19.4
Total 65,243,683 25.5 100 69,653,793 27.3 100 62,022,991 24.3 100 58,677,464 23.0 100

Abbreviations: ACS, American Community Survey; SDOH, social determinants of health [footnotes only].

Note. Proportion of residents in the census tract without health insurance or health coverage plan at the time of the survey response (individuals aged 18 years and older).

aPercentage of male residents of area.
bPercentage of female residents of area.
cPercentage of residents of area.
dPercentage of SDOH subpopulation total.

Table A5. Gini index among adults aged ≥18 years, by assigned sex at birth and area of residence, 2016–2020 5-year ACS estimates—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
Gini index (%)
Male sex at birth
<37 37.00–40.99 41.00–45.99 ≥46
Area of residence No. %a No. %a No. %a No. %a
Alabama 327,119 18.1 402,951 22.3 546,885 30.3 530,868 29.4
Alaska 89,579 31.1 104,921 36.4 69,655 24.2 24,131 8.4
Arizona 856,354 31.6 693,403 25.6 638,514 23.6 520,822 19.2
Arkansas 165,798 14.8 266,178 23.8 343,904 30.8 341,062 30.5
California 3,534,929 23.8 3,640,538 24.5 4,247,687 28.6 3,447,885 23.2
Colorado 762,374 34.6 495,375 22.5 549,899 25.0 395,703 18.0
Connecticut 246,246 18.1 356,112 26.2 413,996 30.4 343,577 25.3
Delaware 96,242 26.4 101,593 27.9 96,955 26.6 69,320 19.0
District of Columbia 28,967 10.9 33,114 12.4 62,272 23.3 142,482 53.4
Florida 1,823,081 22.3 2,003,210 24.5 2,280,391 27.8 2,085,761 25.5
Georgia 1,076,938 28.1 883,190 23.0 953,590 24.9 919,155 24.0
Hawaii 183,089 33.0 132,846 24.0 137,073 24.7 101,449 18.3
Idaho 198,165 30.4 160,637 24.6 186,607 28.6 106,401 16.3
Illinois 1,083,659 22.6 1,296,569 27.1 1,320,057 27.6 1,086,746 22.7
Indiana 764,973 30.7 739,681 29.7 577,573 23.2 406,132 16.3
Iowa 282,300 23.7 398,995 33.6 329,766 27.7 177,850 15.0
Kansas 334,044 30.6 310,521 28.5 271,882 24.9 173,469 15.9
Kentucky 333,625 19.9 374,864 22.4 447,228 26.7 518,867 31.0
Louisiana 277,578 16.2 344,409 20.1 448,758 26.2 644,904 37.6
Maine 103,172 19.6 126,712 24.0 195,002 37.0 102,580 19.4
Maryland 829,108 37.2 606,797 27.2 466,401 20.9 325,391 14.6
Massachusetts 450,164 17.1 665,477 25.3 789,523 30.0 730,334 27.7
Michigan 958,821 25.4 1,096,774 29.0 1,002,601 26.5 721,879 19.1
Minnesota 573,389 27.0 660,522 31.1 555,411 26.2 334,032 15.7
Mississippi 180,230 16.6 196,647 18.2 304,018 28.1 402,212 37.1
Missouri 637,186 27.7 642,607 28.0 569,476 24.8 448,522 19.5
Montana 62,532 15.0 90,245 21.7 144,412 34.7 118,886 28.6
Nebraska 195,933 27.4 215,427 30.2 196,842 27.6 106,045 14.8
Nevada 359,029 30.7 289,036 24.7 306,243 26.2 214,099 18.3
New Hampshire 160,669 29.8 167,646 31.1 119,754 22.2 91,706 17.0
New Jersey 758,473 22.8 882,208 26.5 931,125 28.0 759,523 22.8
New Mexico 138,669 17.6 182,980 23.2 225,004 28.5 241,609 30.7
New York 1,208,915 16.5 1,669,783 22.7 2,051,037 27.9 2,410,005 32.8
North Carolina 839,522 21.7 933,995 24.1 1,146,121 29.6 948,680 24.5
North Dakota 49,429 16.6 78,125 26.2 101,609 34.1 68,782 23.1
Ohio 1,203,250 27.5 1,219,614 27.8 1,126,548 25.7 830,586 19.0
Oklahoma 334,486 22.8 369,854 25.2 438,285 29.9 323,655 22.1
Oregon 407,200 25.0 426,935 26.3 484,107 29.8 307,682 18.9
Pennsylvania 992,206 20.3 1,454,144 29.8 1,473,527 30.2 964,809 19.8
Puerto Rico 16,717 1.4 79,999 6.5 309,495 25.1 826,516 67.0
Rhode Island 94,625 23.1 93,383 22.8 123,519 30.2 97,815 23.9
South Carolina 374,433 19.8 435,770 23.1 543,817 28.8 534,104 28.3
South Dakota 92,083 27.7 74,217 22.3 102,703 30.8 63,948 19.2
Tennessee 527,888 20.9 595,741 23.6 763,300 30.2 639,094 25.3
Texas 3,243,184 31.2 2,425,020 23.3 2,536,401 24.4 2,202,285 21.2
Utah 556,810 50.2 258,397 23.3 178,549 16.1 114,601 10.3
Vermont 35,112 14.1 65,842 26.5 91,301 36.7 56,370 22.7
Virginia 1,158,396 36.0 776,729 24.1 719,161 22.3 563,764 17.5
Washington 880,213 30.3 783,460 26.9 760,814 26.2 484,576 16.7
West Virginia 77,726 11.0 173,037 24.5 245,433 34.7 210,557 29.8
Wisconsin 531,021 23.7 718,184 32.1 647,892 29.0 338,781 15.2
Wyoming 71,466 31.5 54,460 24.0 61,604 27.1 39,497 17.4
Region of residence
Northeast 4,049,582 19.0 5,481,307 25.8 6,188,784 29.1 5,556,719 26.1
Midwest 6,706,088 26.1 7,451,236 29.0 6,802,360 26.5 4,756,772 18.5
South 11,694,321 25.2 10,923,099 23.6 12,342,920 26.6 11,402,161 24.6
West 8,100,409 27.4 7,313,233 24.8 7,990,168 27.1 6,117,341 20.7
Total 30,567,117 24.6 31,248,874 25.2 33,633,727 27.1 28,659,509 23.1

 

Table A5. Gini index among adults aged ≥18 years, by assigned sex at birth and area of residence, 2016–2020 5-year ACS estimates—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
Gini index (%)
Female sex at birth
<37 37.00–40.99 41.00–45.99 ≥46
Area of residence No. %b No. %b No. %b No. %b
Alabama 351,444 17.6 441,451 22.2 604,015 30.3 594,474 29.9
Alaska 81,264 30.9 95,964 36.5 62,935 23.9 22,618 8.6
Arizona 887,749 31.7 716,443 25.6 667,428 23.8 527,980 18.9
Arkansas 176,090 14.8 278,922 23.4 367,552 30.9 367,448 30.9
California 3,587,121 23.3 3,727,734 24.2 4,439,205 28.8 3,633,143 23.6
Colorado 755,757 34.3 502,623 22.8 556,020 25.2 391,503 17.7
Connecticut 254,796 17.4 376,546 25.6 460,963 31.4 375,777 25.6
Delaware 101,071 25.3 111,371 27.9 108,969 27.3 77,688 19.5
District of Columbia 28,005 9.2 37,022 12.2 70,122 23.1 167,894 55.4
Florida 1,918,077 21.9 2,152,697 24.6 2,437,317 27.8 2,251,176 25.7
Georgia 1,163,094 27.9 956,676 22.9 1,035,284 24.8 1,018,138 24.4
Hawaii 173,875 31.0 136,713 24.4 141,784 25.3 108,639 19.4
Idaho 201,758 30.7 162,419 24.7 189,487 28.8 104,295 15.9
Illinois 1,115,288 22.0 1,361,991 26.9 1,405,119 27.7 1,188,528 23.4
Indiana 784,958 29.9 782,308 29.8 624,560 23.8 433,306 16.5
Iowa 288,928 23.6 410,836 33.5 342,026 27.9 184,458 15.0
Kansas 336,625 30.2 317,791 28.5 285,555 25.6 176,150 15.8
Kentucky 353,620 19.9 390,956 22.0 470,162 26.5 559,094 31.5
Louisiana 287,426 15.5 371,762 20.1 487,041 26.3 702,374 38.0
Maine 105,541 18.8 132,536 23.6 209,784 37.3 114,531 20.4
Maryland 891,112 36.3 666,510 27.2 517,019 21.1 379,995 15.5
Massachusetts 469,551 16.4 713,120 24.9 864,969 30.2 817,715 28.5
Michigan 981,939 24.6 1,149,454 28.8 1,083,860 27.1 781,583 19.6
Minnesota 578,594 26.6 666,069 30.6 578,764 26.6 352,211 16.2
Mississippi 190,196 16.0 216,334 18.2 336,293 28.2 448,608 37.7
Missouri 670,031 27.4 687,449 28.1 603,223 24.7 486,225 19.9
Montana 60,950 14.6 90,812 21.8 144,083 34.6 120,669 29.0
Nebraska 200,203 27.3 219,644 30.0 201,977 27.6 111,200 15.2
Nevada 358,422 30.5 292,969 25.0 311,673 26.6 210,664 17.9
New Hampshire 161,899 29.0 173,737 31.2 129,175 23.2 92,927 16.7
New Jersey 797,036 22.2 942,279 26.3 1,011,554 28.2 837,214 23.3
New Mexico 143,149 17.4 192,763 23.5 238,275 29.0 247,683 30.1
New York 1,262,770 15.7 1,771,624 22.1 2,219,756 27.7 2,770,242 34.5
North Carolina 877,349 20.9 1,020,019 24.3 1,250,535 29.8 1,055,287 25.1
North Dakota 47,999 16.9 74,388 26.2 96,951 34.1 65,082 22.9
Ohio 1,241,758 26.5 1,308,691 27.9 1,219,587 26.0 916,215 19.6
Oklahoma 344,924 22.6 381,971 25.1 454,009 29.8 343,167 22.5
Oregon 416,885 24.8 439,605 26.1 499,818 29.7 326,996 19.4
Pennsylvania 1,030,347 19.7 1,525,127 29.2 1,576,263 30.2 1,093,807 20.9
Puerto Rico 19,454 1.4 92,540 6.6 347,234 24.6 950,265 67.4
Rhode Island 98,912 22.3 95,328 21.5 136,110 30.7 112,662 25.4
South Carolina 406,696 19.6 475,807 22.9 599,492 28.9 591,426 28.5
South Dakota 90,186 27.3 73,817 22.3 99,353 30.0 67,282 20.3
Tennessee 556,218 20.4 639,065 23.4 820,716 30.1 710,724 26.1
Texas 3,315,027 30.7 2,525,354 23.4 2,632,540 24.4 2,310,303 21.4
Utah 553,880 49.8 261,649 23.5 181,045 16.3 116,136 10.4
Vermont 36,040 13.9 67,052 25.8 96,945 37.3 60,046 23.1
Virginia 1,201,428 35.3 812,471 23.9 773,958 22.7 617,382 18.1
Washington 880,841 29.9 790,782 26.8 783,627 26.6 490,011 16.6
West Virginia 78,536 10.7 175,909 23.9 258,808 35.2 222,203 30.2
Wisconsin 527,617 23.0 731,209 31.9 677,445 29.5 359,268 15.7
Wyoming 66,921 30.5 52,832 24.1 60,301 27.5 39,467 18.0
Region of residence
Northeast 4,216,892 18.3 5,797,349 25.2 6,705,519 29.2 6,274,921 27.3
Midwest 6,864,126 25.4 7,783,647 28.8 7,218,420 26.7 5,121,508 19.0
South 12,240,313 24.7 11,654,297 23.5 13,223,832 26.7 12,417,381 25.1
West 8,168,572 27.0 7,463,308 24.7 8,275,681 27.4 6,339,804 21.0
Total 31,509,357 24.0 32,791,141 25.0 35,770,686 27.3 31,103,879 23.7

 

Table A5. Gini index among adults aged ≥18 years, by assigned sex at birth and area of residence, 2016–2020 5-year ACS estimates—census tract level, United States and Puerto Rico
Gini index (%)
Total
<37 37.00–40.99 41.00–45.99 ≥46
Area of residence No. %c %d No. %c %d No. %c %d No. %c %d
Alabama 678,563 17.9 1.1 844,402 22.2 1.3 1,150,900 30.3 1.7 1,125,342 29.6 1.9
Alaska 170,843 31.0 0.3 200,885 36.5 0.3 132,590 24.1 0.2 46,749 8.5 0.1
Arizona 1,744,103 31.7 2.8 1,409,846 25.6 2.2 1,305,942 23.7 1.9 1,048,802 19.0 1.8
Arkansas 341,888 14.8 0.6 545,100 23.6 0.9 711,456 30.8 1.0 708,510 30.7 1.2
California 7,122,050 23.5 11.5 7,368,272 24.4 11.5 8,686,892 28.7 12.5 7,081,028 23.4 11.8
Colorado 1,518,131 34.4 2.4 997,998 22.6 1.6 1,105,919 25.1 1.6 787,206 17.9 1.3
Connecticut 501,042 17.7 0.8 732,658 25.9 1.1 874,959 30.9 1.3 719,354 25.4 1.2
Delaware 197,313 25.9 0.3 212,964 27.9 0.3 205,924 27.0 0.3 147,008 19.3 0.2
District of Columbia 56,972 10.0 0.1 70,136 12.3 0.1 132,394 23.2 0.2 310,376 54.5 0.5
Florida 3,741,158 22.1 6.0 4,155,907 24.5 6.5 4,717,708 27.8 6.8 4,336,937 25.6 7.3
Georgia 2,240,032 28.0 3.6 1,839,866 23.0 2.9 1,988,874 24.8 2.9 1,937,293 24.2 3.2
Hawaii 356,964 32.0 0.6 269,559 24.2 0.4 278,857 25.0 0.4 210,088 18.8 0.4
Idaho 399,923 30.5 0.6 323,056 24.7 0.5 376,094 28.7 0.5 210,696 16.1 0.4
Illinois 2,198,947 22.3 3.5 2,658,560 27.0 4.2 2,725,176 27.6 3.9 2,275,274 23.1 3.8
Indiana 1,549,931 30.3 2.5 1,521,989 29.8 2.4 1,202,133 23.5 1.7 839,438 16.4 1.4
Iowa 571,228 23.7 0.9 809,831 33.5 1.3 671,792 27.8 1.0 362,308 15.0 0.6
Kansas 670,669 30.4 1.1 628,312 28.5 1.0 557,437 25.3 0.8 349,619 15.8 0.6
Kentucky 687,245 19.9 1.1 765,820 22.2 1.2 917,390 26.6 1.3 1,077,961 31.3 1.8
Louisiana 565,004 15.9 0.9 716,171 20.1 1.1 935,799 26.3 1.3 1,347,278 37.8 2.3
Maine 208,713 19.2 0.3 259,248 23.8 0.4 404,786 37.1 0.6 217,111 19.9 0.4
Maryland 1,720,220 36.7 2.8 1,273,307 27.2 2.0 983,420 21.0 1.4 705,386 15.1 1.2
Massachusetts 919,715 16.7 1.5 1,378,597 25.1 2.2 1,654,492 30.1 2.4 1,548,049 28.1 2.6
Michigan 1,940,760 25.0 3.1 2,246,228 28.9 3.5 2,086,461 26.8 3.0 1,503,462 19.3 2.5
Minnesota 1,151,983 26.8 1.9 1,326,591 30.9 2.1 1,134,175 26.4 1.6 686,243 16.0 1.1
Mississippi 370,426 16.3 0.6 412,981 18.2 0.6 640,311 28.2 0.9 850,820 37.4 1.4
Missouri 1,307,217 27.6 2.1 1,330,056 28.0 2.1 1,172,699 24.7 1.7 934,747 19.7 1.6
Montana 123,482 14.8 0.2 181,057 21.7 0.3 288,495 34.7 0.4 239,555 28.8 0.4
Nebraska 396,136 27.4 0.6 435,071 30.1 0.7 398,819 27.6 0.6 217,245 15.0 0.4
Nevada 717,451 30.6 1.2 582,005 24.8 0.9 617,916 26.4 0.9 424,763 18.1 0.7
New Hampshire 322,568 29.4 0.5 341,383 31.1 0.5 248,929 22.7 0.4 184,633 16.8 0.3
New Jersey 1,555,509 22.5 2.5 1,824,487 26.4 2.8 1,942,679 28.1 2.8 1,596,737 23.1 2.7
New Mexico 281,818 17.5 0.5 375,743 23.3 0.6 463,279 28.8 0.7 489,292 30.4 0.8
New York 2,471,685 16.1 4.0 3,441,407 22.4 5.4 4,270,793 27.8 6.2 5,180,247 33.7 8.7
North Carolina 1,716,871 21.3 2.8 1,954,014 24.2 3.1 2,396,656 29.7 3.5 2,003,967 24.8 3.4
North Dakota 97,428 16.7 0.2 152,513 26.2 0.2 198,560 34.1 0.3 133,864 23.0 0.2
Ohio 2,445,008 27.0 3.9 2,528,305 27.9 3.9 2,346,135 25.9 3.4 1,746,801 19.3 2.9
Oklahoma 679,410 22.7 1.1 751,825 25.1 1.2 892,294 29.8 1.3 666,822 22.3 1.1
Oregon 824,085 24.9 1.3 866,540 26.2 1.4 983,925 29.7 1.4 634,678 19.2 1.1
Pennsylvania 2,022,553 20.0 3.3 2,979,271 29.5 4.7 3,049,790 30.2 4.4 2,058,616 20.4 3.4
Puerto Rico 36,171 1.4 0.1 172,539 6.5 0.3 656,729 24.9 0.9 1,776,781 67.2 3.0
Rhode Island 193,537 22.7 0.3 188,711 22.1 0.3 259,629 30.5 0.4 210,477 24.7 0.4
South Carolina 781,129 19.7 1.3 911,577 23.0 1.4 1,143,309 28.9 1.6 1,125,530 28.4 1.9
South Dakota 182,269 27.5 0.3 148,034 22.3 0.2 202,056 30.4 0.3 131,230 19.8 0.2
Tennessee 1,084,106 20.6 1.7 1,234,806 23.5 1.9 1,584,016 30.2 2.3 1,349,818 25.7 2.3
Texas 6,558,211 30.9 10.6 4,950,374 23.4 7.7 5,168,941 24.4 7.4 4,512,588 21.3 7.6
Utah 1,110,690 50.0 1.8 520,046 23.4 0.8 359,594 16.2 0.5 230,737 10.4 0.4
Vermont 71,152 14.0 0.1 132,894 26.1 0.2 188,246 37.0 0.3 116,416 22.9 0.2
Virginia 2,359,824 35.6 3.8 1,589,200 24.0 2.5 1,493,119 22.5 2.2 1,181,146 17.8 2.0
Washington 1,761,054 30.1 2.8 1,574,242 26.9 2.5 1,544,441 26.4 2.2 974,587 16.6 1.6
West Virginia 156,262 10.8 0.3 348,946 24.2 0.5 504,241 35.0 0.7 432,760 30.0 0.7
Wisconsin 1,058,638 23.4 1.7 1,449,393 32.0 2.3 1,325,337 29.2 1.9 698,049 15.4 1.2
Wyoming 138,387 31.0 0.2 107,292 24.0 0.2 121,905 27.3 0.2 78,964 17.7 0.1
Region of residence
Northeast 8,266,474 18.7 13.3 11,278,656 25.5 17.6 12,894,303 29.1 18.6 11,831,640 26.7 19.8
Midwest 13,570,214 25.7 21.9 15,234,883 28.9 23.8 14,020,780 26.6 20.2 9,878,280 18.7 16.5
South 23,934,634 25.0 38.6 22,577,396 23.5 35.3 25,566,752 26.7 36.8 23,819,542 24.8 39.9
West 16,268,981 27.2 26.2 14,776,541 24.7 23.1 16,265,849 27.2 23.4 12,457,145 20.8 20.8
Total 62,076,474 24.3 100 64,040,015 25.1 100 69,404,413 27.2 100 59,763,388 23.4 100

Abbreviations: ACS, American Community Survey; SDOH, social determinants of health [footnotes only].

Note. Proportion of household income distribution within the census tract during the 12 months before the survey response.

aPercentage of male residents of area.
bPercentage of female residents of area.
cPercentage of residents of area.
dPercentage of SDOH subpopulation total.

Table B1. Diagnoses of HIV infection among adults aged ≥18 years, by assigned sex at birth and selected social determinants of health, 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic)—census tract level, EHE Phase I jurisdictions
Male sex at birth Female sex at birth Totala
No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 1,455 9,035,241 16.1 266 9,632,012 2.8 1,721 18,667,253 9.2
6.00–9.99 1,837 7,605,645 24.2 306 8,116,836 3.8 2,143 15,722,481 13.6
10.00–16.99 3,111 8,866,899 35.1 548 9,464,568 5.8 3,659 18,331,467 20.0
 ≥17 4,404 8,298,465 53.1 1,055 9,028,712 11.7 5,459 17,327,177 31.5
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 1,617 8,214,486 19.7 228 8,765,361 2.6 1,845 16,979,847 10.9
5.00–8.99 1,678 6,536,420 25.7 274 7,112,598 3.9 1,952 13,649,018 14.3
9.00–15.99 2,655 7,478,161 35.5 550 8,240,253 6.7 3,205 15,718,414 20.4
 ≥16 4,862 11,660,881 41.7 1,123 12,154,699 9.2 5,985 23,815,580 25.1
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 3,889 6,741,814 57.7 999 7,526,757 13.3 4,888 14,268,571 34.3
46,000–61,999 2,722 6,988,732 38.9 512 7,491,729 6.8 3,234 14,480,461 22.3
62,000–85,999 2,412 8,916,873 27.0 381 9,497,308 4.0 2,793 18,414,181 15.2
 ≥86,000 1,724 11,020,302 15.6 267 11,605,184 2.3 1,991 22,625,486 8.8
Without health insurance (%)
<4 1,129 7,093,596 15.9 171 7,677,532 2.2 1,300 14,771,128 8.8
4.00–7.99 2,023 7,854,443 25.8 377 8,592,520 4.4 2,400 16,446,963 14.6
8.00–13.99 2,641 8,109,561 32.6 548 8,824,872 6.2 3,189 16,934,433 18.8
 ≥14 5,017 10,768,228 46.6 1,079 11,170,818 9.7 6,096 21,939,046 27.8
Gini index (%)
<37 2,071 8,062,950 25.7 410 8,450,234 4.9 2,481 16,513,184 15.0
37.00–40.99 2,257 7,755,673 29.1 452 8,250,129 5.5 2,709 16,005,802 16.9
41.00–45.99 2,801 8,729,420 32.1 551 9,376,362 5.9 3,352 18,105,782 18.5
 ≥46 3,675 9,219,174 39.9 758 10,149,084 7.5 4,433 19,368,258 22.9
Subtotalb 11,152 33,889,948 32.9 2,255 36,272,911 6.2 13,407 70,162,859 19.1

Abbreviation: EHE, Ending the Epidemic in the US initiative; Pop., population; SDOH, social determinants of health [footnotes only].

Note. Data for 2020 should be interpreted with caution due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on access to HIV testing, care-related services, and case surveillance activities in state/local jurisdictions. Rates are per 100,000 population. Row entries indicate categories based on census tracts; data reflect the census tract of the person’s residential address at the time they received an HIV diagnosis. For the definitions of SDOH indicator variables used in this report, see https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/tech_docs/subject_definitions/2020_ACSSubjectDefinitions.pdf.

aTotals do not represent all adults aged ≥18 years whose HIV infection was diagnosed during 2020 in these areas. See Technical Notes for exclusion criteria.
bBecause column subtotals were calculated independently of the values for the subpopulations, the values in each column may not sum to the column subtotals. See Technical Notes for criteria used to define SDOH subpopulations.

Table B2. Diagnoses of HIV infection among adults aged ≥18 years, by age at diagnosis, assigned sex at birth, and selected social determinants of health, 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic)—census tract level, EHE Phase I jurisdictions
18–24 years 25–34 years 35–44 years 45–54 years ≥55 years
No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate
Male sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 264 859,849 30.7 578 1,631,211 35.4 287 1,644,528 17.5 184 1,674,162 11.0 142 3,225,491 4.4
6.00–9.99 353 826,474 42.7 733 1,654,826 44.3 340 1,376,922 24.7 219 1,280,570 17.1 192 2,466,853 7.8
10.00–16.99 583 1,089,590 53.5 1,272 2,077,261 61.2 601 1,606,570 37.4 372 1,448,664 25.7 283 2,644,814 10.7
 ≥17 987 1,351,930 73.0 1,737 1,936,108 89.7 814 1,433,289 56.8 488 1,289,494 37.8 378 2,287,644 16.5
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 259 965,051 26.8 676 1,715,567 39.4 313 1,423,786 22.0 211 1,359,276 15.5 158 2,750,806 5.7
5.00–8.99 343 704,128 48.7 691 1,356,494 50.9 283 1,166,497 24.3 208 1,110,811 18.7 153 2,198,490 7.0
9.00–15.99 570 877,572 65.0 1,043 1,624,345 64.2 503 1,321,776 38.1 289 1,247,441 23.2 250 2,407,027 10.4
 ≥16 1,019 1,614,955 63.1 1,910 2,623,633 72.8 943 2,163,354 43.6 555 1,984,294 28.0 435 3,274,645 13.3
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 895 1,058,218 84.6 1,541 1,501,497 102.6 681 1,139,695 59.8 435 1,048,492 41.5 337 1,993,912 16.9
46,000–61,999 546 940,483 58.1 1,070 1,614,623 66.3 545 1,241,579 43.9 307 1,130,706 27.2 254 2,061,341 12.3
62,000–85,999 441 1,055,403 41.8 986 2,028,960 48.6 475 1,617,053 29.4 292 1,478,036 19.8 218 2,737,421 8.0
 ≥86,000 292 1,043,781 28.0 697 2,125,244 32.8 332 2,039,954 16.3 224 2,014,043 11.1 179 3,797,280 4.7
Without health insurance (%)
<4 211 743,297 28.4 459 1,333,969 34.4 197 1,205,508 16.3 149 1,200,969 12.4 113 2,609,853 4.3
4.00–7.99 361 902,360 40.0 817 1,635,490 50.0 386 1,367,651 28.2 250 1,318,142 19.0 209 2,630,800 7.9
8.00–13.99 540 1,003,963 53.8 1,087 1,806,965 60.2 494 1,441,573 34.3 282 1,348,149 20.9 238 2,508,911 9.5
 ≥14 1,078 1,496,954 72.0 1,957 2,523,613 77.5 965 2,046,622 47.2 582 1,825,650 31.9 435 2,875,389 15.1
Gini index (%)
<37 453 1,024,880 44.2 896 1,736,500 51.6 355 1,543,609 23.0 214 1,432,130 14.9 153 2,325,831 6.6
37.00–40.99 455 935,210 48.7 923 1,665,398 55.4 427 1,424,917 30.0 236 1,335,055 17.7 216 2,395,093 9.0
41.00–45.99 568 1,006,666 56.4 1,062 1,909,135 55.6 528 1,555,488 33.9 368 1,454,129 25.3 275 2,804,002 9.8
 ≥46 710 1,149,668 61.8 1,437 1,981,482 72.5 732 1,530,361 47.8 445 1,465,667 30.4 351 3,091,996 11.4
Subtotala 2,267 4,161,706 54.5 4,452 7,320,039 60.8 2,103 6,075,413 34.6 1,302 5,701,822 22.8 1,028 10,630,968 9.7
Female sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 37 813,513 4.5 72 1,639,675 4.4 55 1,713,786 3.2 46 1,750,622 2.6 56 3,714,416 1.5
6.00–9.99 33 795,022 4.2 88 1,633,232 5.4 77 1,387,175 5.6 48 1,321,664 3.6 60 2,979,743 2.0
10.00–16.99 60 1,086,258 5.5 158 2,037,788 7.8 132 1,608,612 8.2 103 1,495,798 6.9 95 3,236,112 2.9
 ≥17 141 1,382,539 10.2 324 1,946,323 16.6 228 1,473,927 15.5 208 1,353,518 15.4 154 2,872,405 5.4
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 39 996,599 3.9 69 1,736,613 4.0 47 1,459,186 3.2 28 1,403,149 2.0 45 3,169,814 1.4
5.00–8.99 30 709,680 4.2 73 1,362,600 5.4 75 1,208,029 6.2 48 1,167,118 4.1 48 2,665,171 1.8
9.00–15.99 66 862,188 7.7 164 1,640,806 10.0 128 1,380,764 9.3 106 1,345,838 7.9 86 3,010,657 2.9
 ≥16 136 1,533,424 8.9 336 2,519,860 13.3 242 2,137,699 11.3 223 2,006,235 11.1 186 3,957,481 4.7
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 130 1,071,700 12.1 303 1,544,922 19.6 216 1,211,526 17.8 200 1,130,144 17.7 150 2,568,465 5.8
46,000–61,999 60 909,932 6.6 156 1,571,944 9.9 119 1,248,340 9.5 87 1,182,876 7.4 90 2,578,637 3.5
62,000–85,999 51 1,042,518 4.9 107 1,989,783 5.4 90 1,616,582 5.6 67 1,525,668 4.4 66 3,322,757 2.0
 ≥86,000 28 1,019,781 2.7 71 2,130,464 3.3 63 2,091,291 3.0 47 2,068,620 2.3 58 4,295,028 1.4
Without health insurance (%)
<4 27 745,809 3.6 47 1,369,128 3.4 29 1,247,435 2.3 27 1,233,784 2.2 41 3,081,376 1.3
4.00–7.99 43 906,513 4.7 107 1,661,267 6.4 86 1,429,508 6.0 69 1,402,150 4.9 72 3,193,082 2.3
8.00–13.99 64 1,003,669 6.4 169 1,806,541 9.4 125 1,490,704 8.4 105 1,440,617 7.3 85 3,083,341 2.8
 ≥14 137 1,444,580 9.5 319 2,420,410 13.2 252 2,015,862 12.5 204 1,845,085 11.1 167 3,444,881 4.8
Gini index (%)
<37 43 952,663 4.5 109 1,697,950 6.4 107 1,575,200 6.8 80 1,483,283 5.4 71 2,741,138 2.6
37.00–40.99 63 899,993 7.0 136 1,644,046 8.3 92 1,446,361 6.4 86 1,390,415 6.2 75 2,869,314 2.6
41.00–45.99 72 1,008,413 7.1 155 1,893,110 8.2 117 1,574,174 7.4 110 1,518,837 7.2 97 3,381,828 2.9
 ≥46 93 1,203,617 7.7 240 2,020,695 11.9 175 1,586,947 11.0 128 1,528,283 8.4 122 3,809,542 3.2
Subtotala 279 4,101,891 6.8 668 7,259,879 9.2 520 6,185,678 8.4 412 5,922,340 7.0 376 12,803,123 2.9
Totalb 2,546 8,263,597 30.8 5,120 14,579,918 35.1 2,623 12,261,091 21.4 1,714 11,624,162 14.7 1,404 23,434,091 6.0

Abbreviations: EHE, Ending the Epidemic in the US initiative; Pop., population; SDOH, social determinants of health [footnotes only].

Note. Data for 2020 should be interpreted with caution due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on access to HIV testing, care-related services, and case surveillance activities in state/local jurisdictions. Rates are per 100,000 population. Row entries indicate categories based on census tracts; data reflect the census tract of the person’s residential address at the time they received an HIV diagnosis. For the definitions of SDOH indicator variables used in this report, see https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/tech_docs/subject_definitions/2020_ACSSubjectDefinitions.pdf.

aBecause column subtotals were calculated independently of the values for the subpopulations, the values in each column may not sum to the column subtotals. See Technical Notes for criteria used to define SDOH subpopulations.
bTotals do not represent all adults aged ≥18 years whose HIV infection was diagnosed during 2020 in these areas. See Technical Notes for exclusion criteria.

Table B3. Diagnoses of HIV infection among adults aged ≥18 years, by race/ethnicity, assigned sex at birth, and selected social determinants of health, 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic)—census tract level, EHE Phase I jurisdictions
American Indian/Alaska Native Asian Black/African American Hispanic/Latinoa Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander White Multiracial
No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate No. Pop. Rate
Male sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 5 33,735 14.8 58 1,012,652 5.7 496 944,404 52.5 459 1,607,328 28.6 4 16,982 23.6 393 5,228,619 7.5 40 428,478 9.3
6.00–9.99 2 40,605 4.9 57 811,066 7.0 594 979,564 60.6 690 1,972,387 35.0 4 14,477 27.6 450 3,653,915 12.3 40 407,306 9.8
10.00–16.99 10 53,306 18.8 81 844,025 9.6 1,124 1,503,046 74.8 1,260 3,091,770 40.8 4 19,886 20.1 554 3,230,742 17.1 78 535,255 14.6
 ≥17 9 61,177 14.7 83 605,656 13.7 2,250 2,380,651 94.5 1,480 3,215,629 46.0 2 13,834 14.5 486 1,978,265 24.6 94 491,077 19.1
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 1 24,551 4.1 50 894,844 5.6 531 704,553 75.4 447 953,002 46.9 5 10,592 47.2 533 5,428,390 9.8 50 351,113 14.2
5.00–8.99 7 30,496 23.0 45 658,046 6.8 712 1,036,242 68.7 479 1,168,044 41.0 2 13,542 14.8 390 3,490,066 11.2 43 324,428 13.3
9.00–15.99 9 40,512 22.2 65 726,310 8.9 1,285 1,717,401 74.8 787 1,905,972 41.3 6 16,166 37.1 433 2,951,969 14.7 70 405,984 17.2
 ≥16 9 94,708 9.5 119 999,497 11.9 1,940 2,375,405 81.7 2,176 5,884,751 37.0 1 25,115 4.0 528 2,246,288 23.5 89 785,370 11.3
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 8 47,263 16.9 45 365,730 12.3 2,102 2,180,702 96.4 1,267 2,643,101 47.9 2 9,034 22.1 399 1,476,975 27.0 66 384,883 17.1
46,000–61,999 9 45,522 19.8 65 537,000 12.1 1,036 1,353,462 76.5 1,112 2,691,992 41.3 4 14,039 28.5 428 2,276,503 18.8 68 429,915 15.8
62,000–85,999 6 53,853 11.1 84 901,270 9.3 834 1,267,818 65.8 929 2,663,280 34.9 3 19,542 15.4 499 3,856,308 12.9 57 509,554 11.2
 ≥86,000 3 41,160 7.3 83 1,458,277 5.7 457 956,576 47.8 567 1,854,767 30.6 5 22,283 22.4 550 6,440,740 8.5 59 529,544 11.1
Without health insurance (%)
<4 2 22,528 8.9 47 905,767 5.2 406 704,442 57.6 296 857,597 34.5 3 13,208 22.7 345 4,433,857 7.8 30 299,152 10.0
4.00–7.99 6 36,039 16.6 81 938,288 8.6 812 1,285,413 63.2 604 1,546,155 39.1 3 17,424 17.2 455 3,872,628 11.7 62 392,677 15.8
8.00–13.99 10 49,706 20.1 70 780,217 9.0 1,162 1,594,695 72.9 869 2,369,783 36.7 5 18,603 26.9 458 3,179,845 14.4 67 451,275 14.8
 ≥14 8 80,621 9.9 81 652,799 12.4 2,087 2,225,014 93.8 2,120 5,117,164 41.4 3 15,949 18.8 625 2,615,020 23.9 93 720,134 12.9
Gini index (%)
<37 3 46,740 6.4 57 765,840 7.4 828 1,323,797 62.5 812 2,540,400 32.0 4 19,354 20.7 328 3,237,802 10.1 39 475,722 8.2
37.00–40.99 3 46,740 6.4 60 736,439 8.1 846 1,193,912 70.9 904 2,520,976 35.9 4 15,876 25.2 391 3,122,921 12.5 49 454,033 10.8
41.00–45.99 10 50,852 19.7 64 893,400 7.2 1,134 1,424,810 79.6 994 2,563,368 38.8 2 15,546 12.9 529 3,658,030 14.5 68 474,218 14.3
 ≥46 10 44,075 22.7 98 875,956 11.2 1,653 1,853,189 89.2 1,179 2,251,395 52.4 4 14,281 28.0 635 4,059,971 15.6 96 455,150 21.1
Subtotalb 26 190,267 13.7 288 3,278,697 8.8 4,620 5,833,601 79.2 3,994 9,911,769 40.3 14 65,415 21.4 1,944 14,116,713 13.8 266 1,866,895 14.2
Female sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 2 33,763 5.9 8 1,177,108 0.7 135 1,068,202 12.6 46 1,679,263 2.7 0 17,534 0 63 5,451,163 1.2 12 453,004 2.6
6.00–9.99 1 39,301 2.5 10 943,674 1.1 172 1,147,617 15.0 59 2,020,868 2.9 0 15,349 0 53 3,792,640 1.4 11 436,002 2.5
10.00–16.99 0 54,416 0 10 962,738 1.0 322 1,818,948 17.7 131 3,122,116 4.2 2 22,206 9.0 75 3,339,029 2.2 8 550,571 1.5
 ≥17 2 61,381 3.3 10 665,113 1.5 710 2,973,395 23.9 204 3,301,876 6.2 2 15,195 13.2 109 1,959,224 5.6 18 515,620 3.5
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 2 24,990 8.0 8 1,037,183 0.8 117 817,668 14.3 40 1,036,752 3.9 0 10,865 0 49 5,626,170 0.9 12 380,040 3.2
5.00–8.99 0 29,741 0 5 775,800 0.6 173 1,238,157 14.0 32 1,260,851 2.5 1 12,478 8.0 58 3,641,012 1.6 5 355,144 1.4
9.00–15.99 1 41,737 2.4 10 833,145 1.2 366 2,125,549 17.2 89 1,994,688 4.5 0 18,504 0 72 3,076,561 2.3 12 444,563 2.7
 ≥16 2 92,693 2.2 15 1,106,665 1.4 683 2,831,080 24.1 279 5,838,671 4.8 3 28,479 10.5 121 2,212,478 5.5 20 777,404 2.6
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 1 48,988 2.0 6 404,238 1.5 680 2,787,472 24.4 189 2,734,167 6.9 3 11,260 26.6 106 1,509,366 7.0 14 415,365 3.4
46,000–61,999 1 47,532 2.1 7 596,530 1.2 317 1,639,140 19.3 116 2,726,844 4.3 0 16,073 0 61 2,384,095 2.6 10 439,095 2.3
62,000–85,999 0 52,555 0 15 1,023,223 1.5 192 1,503,734 12.8 82 2,717,204 3.0 1 20,277 4.9 77 4,006,197 1.9 14 539,077 2.6
 ≥86,000 3 39,232 7.6 10 1,710,774 0.6 136 1,036,264 13.1 51 1,918,686 2.7 0 22,617 0 56 6,608,207 0.8 11 553,871 2.0
Without health insurance (%)
<4 0 22,641 0 6 1,072,839 0.6 98 839,969 11.7 30 929,045 3.2 0 12,757 0 28 4,628,519 0.6 9 321,840 2.8
4.00–7.99 3 37,405 8.0 7 1,093,861 0.6 215 1,577,006 13.6 68 1,675,773 4.1 0 18,284 0 73 4,020,917 1.8 11 427,744 2.6
8.00–13.99 2 49,204 4.1 8 867,676 0.9 370 1,951,174 19.0 88 2,514,061 3.5 2 21,582 9.3 69 3,291,921 2.1 9 489,078 1.8
 ≥14 0 79,681 0 17 718,296 2.4 656 2,642,656 24.8 254 5,010,230 5.1 2 17,684 11.3 130 2,611,761 5.0 20 718,098 2.8
Gini index (%)
<37 2 46,459 4.3 7 862,869 0.8 241 1,515,165 15.9 83 2,545,966 3.3 1 21,582 4.6 64 3,312,106 1.9 12 484,596 2.5
37.00–40.99 1 45,648 2.2 15 829,420 1.8 263 1,437,878 18.3 93 2,545,597 3.7 1 16,954 5.9 71 3,238,830 2.2 8 466,625 1.7
41.00–45.99 1 51,172 2.0 9 1,029,407 0.9 346 1,736,901 19.9 112 2,620,898 4.3 0 16,695 0 74 3,773,533 2.0 9 503,263 1.8
 ≥46 1 45,466 2.2 7 1,025,156 0.7 485 2,315,407 20.9 152 2,408,825 6.3 2 15,017 13.3 91 4,209,248 2.2 20 499,553 4.0
Subtotalb 5 189,161 2.6 38 3,752,793 1.0 1,385 7,012,454 19.8 462 10,130,962 4.6 4 70,326 5.7 310 14,556,221 2.1 51 1,957,151 2.6
Totalc 31 379,428 8.2 326 7,031,490 4.6 6,005 12,846,055 46.7 4,456 20,042,731 22.2 18 135,741 13.3 2,254 28,672,934 7.9 317 3,824,046 8.3

Abbreviations: EHE, Ending the Epidemic in the U.S. initiative; Pop., population; SDOH, social determinants of health [footnotes only]; ACS, American Community Survey [footnotes only].

Note. Data for 2020 should be interpreted with caution due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on access to HIV testing, care-related services, and case surveillance activities in state/local jurisdictions. Rates are per 100,000 population. Row entries indicate categories based on census tracts; data reflect the census tract of the person’s residential address at the time they received an HIV diagnosis. For the definitions of SDOH indicator variables used in this report, see https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/tech_docs/subject_definitions/2020_ACSSubjectDefinitions.pdf.

aHispanic/Latino persons can be of any race.
bBecause column subtotals were calculated independently of the values for the subpopulations, the values in each column may not sum to the column subtotals. See Technical Notes for criteria used to define SDOH subpopulations.
cTotals do not represent all adults aged ≥18 years whose HIV infection was diagnosed during 2020 in these areas. See Technical Notes for exclusion criteria.

Table B4. Diagnoses of HIV infection among adults aged ≥18 years, by transmission category, assigned sex at birth, and selected social determinants of health, 2020 (COVID-19 pandemic)—census tract level, EHE Phase I jurisdictions
Male-to-male sexual contacta Injection drug useb Male-to-male sexual contacta and injection drug useb Heterosexual contactc
No.  % No.  % No.  % No.  %
Male sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 1,258 13.6 40 10.8 48 14.1 109 12.5
6.00–9.99 1,583 17.2 55 15.0 63 18.7 135 15.5
10.00–16.99 2,680 29.1 104 28.2 96 28.4 229 26.2
 ≥17 3,700 40.1 169 46.0 131 38.8 400 45.8
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 1,411 15.3 48 13.1 64 19.0 91 10.4
5.00–8.99 1,480 16.0 41 11.1 38 11.3 118 13.5
9.00–15.99 2,241 24.3 97 26.5 86 25.5 228 26.2
 ≥16 4,092 44.4 182 49.4 149 44.2 436 49.9
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 3,240 35.3 140 38.3 115 34.2 390 44.9
46,000–61,999 2,316 25.3 95 26.0 85 25.0 224 25.8
62,000–85,999 2,102 22.9 74 20.3 83 24.6 151 17.4
 ≥86,000 1,509 16.5 57 15.5 55 16.3 103 11.8
Without health insurance (%)
<4 997 10.8 38 10.4 36 10.6 57 6.6
4.00–7.99 1,727 18.7 84 22.8 78 23.0 133 15.3
8.00–13.99 2,246 24.4 107 29.0 86 25.5 198 22.6
 ≥14 4,252 46.1 139 37.8 138 40.9 485 55.5
Gini index (%)
<37 1,778 19.3 51 13.9 75 22.0 166 19.1
37.00–40.99 1,921 20.8 82 22.3 66 19.6 185 21.2
41.00–45.99 2,394 26.0 106 28.7 82 24.3 216 24.8
 ≥46 3,123 33.9 129 35.0 115 34.1 305 34.9
Subtotald 9,508 100 387 100 348 100 899 100
Female sex at birth
Below federal poverty level (%)
<6 – – 25 8.9 – – 239 12.7
6.00–9.99 – – 39 14.2 – – 264 14.1
10.00–16.99 – – 61 22.2 – – 483 25.7
 ≥17 – – 151 54.7 – – 893 47.5
Less than high school diploma (%)
<5 – – 23 8.5 – – 202 10.8
5.00–8.99 – – 30 10.9 – – 242 12.9
9.00–15.99 – – 60 21.9 – – 484 25.8
 ≥16 – – 162 58.8 – – 950 50.6
Median household income (U.S. $)
<46,000 – – 133 48.4 – – 857 46.0
46,000–61,999 – – 65 23.7 – – 442 23.7
62,000–85,999 – – 46 16.7 – – 331 17.8
 ≥86,000 – – 31 11.2 – – 234 12.5
Without health insurance (%)
<4 – – 18 6.7 – – 151 8.0
4.00–7.99 – – 50 18.1 – – 322 17.1
8.00–13.99 – – 75 27.3 – – 467 24.9
 ≥14 – – 133 48.0 – – 939 50.0
Gini index (%)
<37 – – 41 14.9 – – 366 19.5
37.00–40.99 – – 55 19.8 – – 394 21.0
41.00–45.99 – – 69 25.0 – – 477 25.5
 ≥46 – – 111 40.3 – – 637 34.0
Subtotald – – 291 100 – – 1,943 100
Totale 9,508 100 678 100 348 100 2,841 100

Abbreviation: EHE, Ending the Epidemic in the US initiative; SDOH, social determinants of health [footnotes only].

Note. Data for 2020 should be interpreted with caution due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on access to HIV testing, care-related services, and case surveillance activities in state/local jurisdictions. Transmission category is classified based on a hierarchy of the risk factors most likely responsible for HIV transmission; classification is determined based on the person’s assigned sex at birth. Data have been statistically adjusted to account for missing transmission category; therefore, values may not sum to column subtotals and total. Row entries indicate categories based on census tracts; data reflect the census tract of the person’s residential address at the time they received an HIV diagnosis. For the definitions of SDOH indicator variables used in this report, see https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/tech_docs/subject_definitions/2020_ACSSubjectDefinitions.pdf.

aIncludes individuals assigned male sex at birth, regardless of current gender identity, who have had sexual contact with other males, and individuals assigned male sex at birth who have had sexual contact with both males and females (i.e., bisexual contact).
bIncludes persons who injected nonprescription drugs or who injected prescription drugs for nonmedical purposes. Also includes injection of drugs prescribed to persons if there is evidence that injection equipment was shared (e.g., syringes, needles, cookers).
cSexual contact with a person known to have, or with a risk factor for, HIV infection.
dBecause column subtotals were calculated independently of the values for the subpopulations, the values in each column may not sum to the column subtotals. See Technical Notes for criteria used to define SDOH subpopulations.
eTotals do not represent all adults aged ≥18 years whose HIV infection was diagnosed during 2020 in these areas. See Technical Notes for exclusion criteria.

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