Volume 11 — August 07, 2014
ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Individual, Family, and Community Predictors of Overweight and Obesity Among Colombian Children and Adolescents
This flowchart shows 2 parallel paths of sample selection, one for the Colombian National Nutrition Survey (ENSIN) of 2005 and the other for ENSIN 2010. In 2005, the initial sample was 18,511 children aged 5 to 18 years with information on height and weight. The subsample consisted of 9,664 children who had information on municipality. Excluded were 99 respondents with implausible values for body mass index and 446 respondents who were pregnant. The final analytic sample in 2005 was 9,119 children and adolescents. In 2010, the initial sample was 56,689 children aged 5 to 18 years with information on height and weight. The subsample consisted of 22,068 children who had information on municipality. Excluded were 201 respondents with implausible values for body mass index and 347 respondents who were pregnant. The final analytic sample in 2010 was 21,520 children and adolescents.
Figure 1. Sample selection from the Colombian National Nutrition Survey (ENSIN) in 2005 and 2010 for the analysis of individual, family, and community predictors of child and adolescent overweight and obesity in Colombia.
The image is of 3 concentric ovals. In the center oval is the individual level (child) and the following factors: weight status (body mass index z score [underweight, normal weight, overweight]), age, sex, and height. Diet, physical activity, and sedentary behavior are also included in the model but are not considered in this study because of lack of data. The intermediate oval is household level (family) and the following factors: wealth, caregiver’s education, living in an urban area of the municipality, extended or nuclear family, and number of family members. In the outermost oval is the community level (municipality) and the following factors: Gini inequality coefficient, percentage of urban households, and availability of parks and recreation facilities.
Figure 2. Ecological model of childhood obesity for analyzing individual, family, and community predictors of child and adolescent overweight and obesity in Colombia. This model was adapted from the ecological model of childhood obesity proposed by Devison and Birch (5). The child is situated at the individual level, the family at the household level, and the municipality (administrative unit of Colombia) at the community level. The predictors in the model were based on the original model and on information available from the Colombian National Nutrition Survey or the National Census. Data on diet, physical activity, and sedentary behavior were not included in this study because of lack of data.
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