Patterns and Trends in Cancer Screening in the United States
CME ACTIVITY — Volume 15 — July 26, 2018
PEER REVIEWED
Figure 1.
Progress toward meeting Healthy People 2020 cancer screening targets (2), National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) 2008 and 2015 estimates of cancer screening test use based on US Preventive Services Task Force recommendations: Papanicolaou test among women aged 21 to 65 in past 3 years, mammogram among women 50 to 74 within past 2 years, colorectal cancer tests among adults aged 50 to 75 years (fecal occult blood test [FOBT] within past year or flexible sigmoidoscopy past within 5 years and FOBT within past 3 years or colonoscopy within past 10 years). Healthy People 2020 targets represent improvements over 2008 baseline age-adjusted screening levels of 10% for Papanicolaou test, 10% for mammography, and 35% for colorectal cancer testing. Brackets indicate gap between NHIS 2015 reported screening and Healthy People 2020 targets. Abbreviation: NA, not applicable.
| Screening Test | Prevalence (Predictive Margin) by Year, % | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2008 NHIS | 2015 NHIS Females | 2015 NHIS Males | HP2020 Target | |
| Papanicolaou test | 84.5 | 81.3 | NA | 93.0 |
| Mammogram | 73.7 | 71.7 | NA | 81.1 |
| Colorectal cancer tests | 52.1 | 63.4 | 61.9 | 70.5 |
Figure 2.
Trends in use of cancer screening tests among women and men, National Health Interview Survey, 2000–2015 (www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhis/index.htm). A. Prevalence of having a Papanicolaou test within past 3 years among women aged 20 to 65. B. Prevalence of having a mammogram among women aged 50 to 74 within past 2 years. C. Prevalence of having a recent colorectal cancer test among women aged 50 to 75 (for colorectal cancer tests, recent is defined as having a fecal occult blood test [FOBT] in the past year, flexible sigmoidoscopy in past 5 years with FOBT in past 3 years, or colonoscopy in past 10 years). D. Prevalence of having a recent colorectal cancer test, by insurance coverage, among men aged 50 to 75. E. Prevalence of having a PSA test among men aged 50 and older. Estimates were adjusted for age, education, poverty, usual source of care, type of health insurance, race/ethnicity, length of US residency, physician visit in the past year, and among women, OB/GYN visit in the past year. Abbreviations: ED, emergency department; PSA, prostate-specific antigen.
| Papanicolaou Test, Year | Access to Health Care | % |
|---|---|---|
| 2000 | None/emergency department | 80.5 |
| 2005 | None/emergency department | 79.4 |
| 2008 | None/emergency department | 78.0 |
| 2010 | None/emergency department | 80.6 |
| 2013 | None/emergency department | 80.2 |
| 2015 | None/emergency department | 78.5 |
| 2000 | Usual source | 87.7 |
| 2005 | Usual source | 86.7 |
| 2008 | Usual source | 86.8 |
| 2010 | Usual source | 85.9 |
| 2013 | Usual source | 84.1 |
| 2015 | Usual source | 83.4 |
| Mammogram, Year | % |
|---|---|
| 2000 | 77.2 |
| 2003 | 75.3 |
| 2005 | 74.5 |
| 2008 | 75.8 |
| 2010 | 75.9 |
| 2013 | 75.9 |
| 2015 | 74.2 |
| Colorectal Cancer, Women, Year | % |
|---|---|
| 2000 | 34.8 |
| 2003 | 38.3 |
| 2005 | 44.8 |
| 2008 | 52.7 |
| 2010 | 59.9 |
| 2013 | 60.1 |
| 2015 | 63.3 |
| Colorectal Cancer, Men, Year | Insurance | % |
|---|---|---|
| 2000 | Private | 35.4 |
| 2003 | Private | 40.9 |
| 2005 | Private | 46.5 |
| 20008 | Private | 55.2 |
| 2010 | Private | 62.6 |
| 2013 | Private | 59.2 |
| 2015 | Private | 63.9 |
| 2000 | Public | 32.9 |
| 2003 | Public | 42.4 |
| 2005 | Public | 43.4 |
| 2008 | Public | 45.4 |
| 2010 | Public | 55.5 |
| 2013 | Public | 58.4 |
| 2015 | Public | 59.4 |
| 2000 | Uninsured | 22.2 |
| 2003 | Uninsured | 29.3 |
| 2005 | Uninsured | 31.6 |
| 2008 | Uninsured | 34.3 |
| 2010 | Uninsured | 36.2 |
| 2013 | Uninsured | 45.5 |
| 2015 | Uninsured | 48.5 |
| PSA Test, Year | % |
|---|---|
| 2000 | 41.8 |
| 2003 | 44.4 |
| 2005 | 42.6 |
| 2008 | 45.6 |
| 2010 | 43.4 |
| 2013 | 36.4 |
| 2015 | 37.3 |
The opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the authors’ affiliated institutions.