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Round 2 Topic: Technology-facilitated Sexual Violence

Rapid Surveys from the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) collect timely, relevant data on topics of public health importance. Surveys are conducted several times a year using probability-based commercial online panels. Each survey includes a unique set of questions about different public health topics. Data collection for Round 2 occurred during October—November 2023.

This page includes estimates in table format. Estimates for technology-facilitated sexual violence include indicators such as the percentage of adults ages 18 and older who ever had a revealing or sexual photo or video emailed, texted, or electronically posted without their consent. Also included are measures about adults being threated that revealing or sexual content about them will be electronically shared with others unless they agree to specific actions, including sending additional photos or videos, having a sexual relationship, paying money, or staying in a relationship.

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Table 1. Percentage of adults who have ever had a sexual photo or video electronically shared without their consent, had fake pornographic content created or shared online without their consent, or were threatened with sharing a sexual photo or video electronically: United States, October–November, 2023
Ever had a revealing or sexual photo or video emailed, texted, or electronically posted without consent Ever had fake pornographic photos or videos created or shared online without consent Ever threatened with sharing a revealing or sexual photo or video through the internet, social media, email, or text message
Characteristic Percent (95% confidence interval)
Total 4.4 (3.8–5.0) 1.3 (1.0–1.7) 4.9 (4.2–5.6)
Age group
18–44 7.3 (6.1–8.6) 2.3 (1.6–3.1) 7.9 (6.6–9.4)
45–64 2.3 (1.6–3.0) 0.7 (0.4–1.1) 2.4 (1.8–3.1)
65 and older 1.1 (0.6–1.7) 0.1 (0.0–0.3) 1.9 (1.3–2.7)
Gender
Female 5.2 (4.3–6.2) 1.3 (0.8–1.8) 4.7 (3.8–5.7)
Male 3.5 (2.8–4.5) 1.3 (0.8–2.0) 5.0 (4.0–6.2)
Race and Hispanic origin
Hispanic 4.0 (2.6–5.9) 2.2 (1.2–3.5) 5.0 (3.2–7.3)
Black or African American, non-Hispanic 3.8 (2.3–5.9) 1.9 (0.8–3.7) 5.3 (3.4–7.9)
White, non-Hispanic 4.4 (3.7–5.3) 0.9 (0.6–1.3) 4.7 (4.0–5.6)
Other single or multiple races, non-Hispanic 5.8 (3.4–9.0) 1.0 (0.3–2.6) 3.7 (2.1–6.2)
Education
High school degree or GED or less 5.5 (4.3–6.9) 2.2 (1.4–3.1) 6.2 (4.9–7.8)
Some college 3.9 (2.9–5.0) 0.9 (0.5–1.5) 5.4 (4.3–6.8)
Bachelor’s degree or higher 3.6 (2.8–4.5) 0.6 (0.3–1.2) 2.9 (2.2–3.7)
Household income as a percentage of the federal poverty level
Less than 100% FPL 9.6 (6.9–12.9) 3.8 (2.4–5.9) 8.6 (6.3–11.3)
100% to less than 200% FPL 4.1 (2.9–5.6) 1.1 (0.5–1.9) 6.1 (4.2–8.5)
200% and greater FPL 3.5 (2.9–4.2) 0.9 (0.6–1.3) 3.9 (3.2–4.7)
Region
Northeast 3.6 (2.2–5.4) 1.5 (0.7–2.8) 5.0 (3.1–7.5)
Midwest 5.4 (4.0–7.0) 0.8 (0.4–1.4) 4.6 (3.4–6.1)
South 4.5 (3.5–5.7) 1.6 (1.0–2.4) 5.3 (4.2–6.6)
West 3.9 (2.8–5.2) 1.1 (0.6–1.8) 4.3 (3.2–5.6)
Urbanicity
Large central metro 4.4 (3.3–5.7) 1.6 (0.9–2.5) 4.2 (3.1–5.6)
Large fringe metro 3.9 (2.8–5.2) 0.7 (0.3–1.3) 4.4 (3.3–5.8)
Medium and small metro 4.7 (3.6–6.0) 1.4 (0.8–2.1) 5.3 (4.0–6.9)
Nonmetropolitan 4.4 (3.1–6.2) 1.5 (0.6–2.9) 6.1 (4.4–8.2)
Race
Asian only * 0.8 (0.1–2.6) 3.1 (1.3–6.0)
Black or African American only 3.8 (2.3–5.7) 1.9 (0.8–3.6) 5.4 (3.5–7.8)
White only 4.4 (3.7–5.2) 1.1 (0.8–1.6) 4.9 (4.1–5.8)
Other single or multiple races 6.9 (4.1–10.7) 2.0 (0.7–4.2) 5.3 (2.9–8.7)
Hispanic ethnicity
Hispanic 4.0 (2.6–5.9) 2.2 (1.2–3.5) 5.0 (3.2–7.3)
Not Hispanic 4.5 (3.8–5.2) 1.1 (0.7–1.5) 4.7 (4.0–5.5)

NOTES: GED = general educational development certificate. FPL = federal poverty level. All estimates shown meet the NCHS standards of reliability. See technical notes for more details.

SOURCE: National Center for Health Statistics, Rapid Surveys System, Round 2, October–November, 2023.

Table 2. Percentage of adults who have ever been threatened with sharing a sexual photo or video without consent for select reasons, among those who had ever been threatened: United States, October–November, 2023
Threatened in order to receive additional sexual photos or videos Threatened in order to have sexual relationship Threatened in order to get money Threatened in order to stay in or maintain relationship Threatened for some other reason
Characteristic Percent (95% confidence interval)
Total 33.7 (27.0–41.0) 34.9 (27.5–42.9) 45.6 (38.1–53.3) 35.6 (28.8–42.8) 28.3 (22.1–35.1)
Age group
18–44 35.2 (27.0–44.1) 39.3 (30.1–49.1) 39.2 (30.2–48.7) 41.3 (32.7–50.4) 30.6 (22.8–39.2)
45–64 28.7 (16.9–43.0) 19.7 (10.0–32.9) 56.7 (42.3–70.2) 14.1 (6.7–25.0) 22.9 (12.8–35.8)
65 and older * * ** * *
Gender
Female 42.1 (31.9–52.9) 48.8 (38.0–59.7) 18.9 (12.3–27.2) 50.7 (39.9–61.4) 29.5 (21.2–39.0)
Male 25.5 (16.6–36.2) 21.5 (12.8–32.6) 71.7 (60.4–81.3) 21.0 (12.9–31.2) 27.1 (18.3–37.4)
Race and Hispanic origin
Hispanic * * * * *
Black or African American, non-Hispanic * * * * *
White, non-Hispanic 32.1 (24.2–40.8) 28.4 (19.9–38.2) 51.2 (41.8–60.5) 34.1 (26.0–42.9) 28.2 (20.5–37.0)
Other single or multiple races, non-Hispanic * * * * *
Education
High school degree or GED or less 36.2 (25.2–48.3) 44.3 (31.9–57.2) 37.1 (26.0–49.2) 40.1 (28.4–52.7) 30.9 (21.0–42.3)
Some college 34.9 (24.0–47.2) 26.7 (17.2–38.0) 47.4 (35.1–60.0) 37.5 (26.2–49.8) 27.3 (17.1–39.7)
Bachelor’s degree or higher 26.2 (16.0–38.7) 24.4 (13.9–37.8) 63.3 (49.7–75.5) 22.0 (13.1–33.3) 23.3 (13.8–35.3)
Household income as a percentage of the federal poverty level
Less than 100% FPL * * * * 36.0 (22.6–51.3)
100% to less than 200% FPL * * * * *
200% and greater FPL 30.6 (22.1–40.2) 27.9 (19.1–38.1) 53.7 (43.6–63.6) 30.4 (22.1–39.9) 26.0 (18.6–34.5)
Region
Northeast 24.8 (12.5–41.0) * * * *
Midwest 31.6 (18.9–46.7) 34.4 (20.8–50.1) * 35.5 (22.6–50.2) 27.7 (15.5–42.9)
South 35.9 (24.8–48.3) 35.6 (25.2–47.2) 42.6 (31.4–54.3) 43.1 (31.6–55.2) 30.8 (21.1–41.9)
West 39.0 (25.0–54.5) 25.4 (14.0–39.9) 37.1 (24.0–51.7) 26.8 (15.3–41.1) 28.8 (15.9–44.9)
Urbanicity
Large central metro * 35.2 (21.5–50.9) 39.1 (25.1–54.5) * 27.9 (15.6–43.2)
Large fringe metro 28.9 (16.9–43.6) 30.7 (18.3–45.6) * 32.5 (20.0–47.1) 28.4 (16.2–43.4)
Medium and small metro 24.3 (15.8–34.5) * 49.2 (35.1–63.3) 34.0 (23.2–46.3) 23.5 (14.3–34.9)
Nonmetropolitan * * * * *
Race
Asian only * * * * *
Black or African American only * * * * *
White only 33.2 (25.3–41.9) 31.9 (23.2–41.5) 45.9 (37.1–55.0) 34.3 (26.4–42.9) 27.7 (20.6–35.8)
Other single or multiple races * * * * *
Hispanic ethnicity
Hispanic * * * * *
Not Hispanic 33.5 (26.4–41.3) 33.0 (25.4–41.4) 50.0 (41.8–58.2) 35.6 (28.3–43.3) 27.4 (20.9–34.8)

*Estimate is not shown, as it does not meet NCHS standards of reliability.
**Estimate is not shown, as it meets NCHS standards of reliability but its complement does not.

NOTES: GED = general educational development certificate. FPL = federal poverty level. All estimates shown meet the NCHS standards of reliability. See technical notes for more details.

SOURCE: National Center for Health Statistics, Rapid Surveys System, Round 2, October–November, 2023.

Survey Topics

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Technical Notes

See the technical notes [PDF – 68 KB] for more information on these measures.

Limitations

Data collected under the Rapid Surveys System are intended to complement and not replace the current household survey systems at NCHS, including the National Health Interview Survey. The Rapid Surveys approach has a greater potential for coverage and nonresponse bias and smaller sample sizes, thus resulting in lower precision (especially for subgroups). The Rapid Surveys System is particularly well suited for time-sensitive data needs, measuring public health attitudes, developmental work to improve concept measurement, and methodological studies.

Data Source

Rapid Surveys System data are cross-sectional data based on commercial probability-sampled online survey panels that are supplemented, if necessary, with alternative modes to improve representativeness. Data were collected from 7,406 adult participants this cycle using two panels – AmeriSpeak (conducted by NORC at the University of Chicago) and KnowledgePanel (conducted by Ipsos). Estimates shown in this dashboard are based on data collected in Round 1 of Rapid Surveys, occurring during August 2023. All estimates shown meet the NCHS Data Presentation Standards for Proportions. Data on technology-facilitated sexual violence were collected on behalf of CDC’s National Center for Injury Prevention and Control.

Survey Questions
Suggested Citation

NCHS Rapid Surveys Systems. Technology-facilitated Sexual Violence. National Center for Health Statistics. Available from: www.cdc.gov/nchs/rss/round2/technology-facilitated-sexual-violence.html