Documentation for Immediately Dangerous To Life or Health Concentrations (IDLHs)

ANTU

IDLH Documentation

CAS number: 86-88-4

NIOSH REL: 0.3 mg/m3 TWA

Current OSHA PEL: 0.3 mg/m3 TWA

1989 OSHA PEL: Same as current PEL

1993-1994 ACGIH TLV: 0.3 mg/m3 TWA

Description of substance: White crystalline or gray, odorless powder.

LEL: Noncombustible Solid

Original (SCP) IDLH: 100 mg/m3

Basis for original (SCP) IDLH: No useful acute inhalation toxicity data are available on which to base the IDLH for ANTU. The chosen IDLH, therefore, has been estimated from the fatal human oral dose of 1 gram given by Stolman [1969]. According to ACGIH [1971], McClosky and Smith [1945] reported that the acute oral toxicity varies greatly among different species, with rats and dogs being the most susceptible (LD50 of 30 to 50 mg/kg) and rabbits the least susceptible (LD50 of 1,000 mg/kg).

Short-term exposure guidelines: None developed

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

Lethal dose data:

Species	Reference	Route	LD50(mg/kg)	LDLo(mg/kg)	Adjusted LD	Derived Value
Dog	AAPCO 1966	oral	0.38	-----	2.7 mg/m3	0.3 mg/m3
Rat	Lehman 1952	oral	6	-----	42 mg/m3	4.2 mg/m3
Monkey	Perkow 1971/76	oral	4,250	-----	29,750 mg/m3	2,975 mg/m3
Mouse	Yakkyoku 1977	oral	5	-----	35 mg/m3	3.5 mg/m3

Other animal data: It has been reported that the mean oral lethal dose is 4,000 mg/kg in monkeys and is presumably much the same in man [Gosselin et al. 1984].

Human data: The fatal oral dose has been reported to be 1,000 mg [Stolman 1969]. [Note: An oral dose of 1,000 mg is equivalent to a worker being exposed to 650 mg/m3 for 30 minutes, assuming a breathing rate of 50 liters per minute and 100% absorption.]

Revised IDLH: 100 mg/m3 [Unchanged]

Basis for revised IDLH: No inhalation toxicity data are available on which to base an IDLH for ANTU. However, based on acute oral toxicity data in humans [Stolman 1969] and animals [Gosselin et al. 1984; Perkow 1971/76], the original IDLH for ANTU (100 mg/m3) is not being revised at this time.

REFERENCES:

AAPCO [1966]. Pesticide chemicals official compendium. Topeka, KS: Association of American Pesticide Control Officials, Inc., p. 57.
ACGIH [1971]. ANTU (alpha-naphthyl-thiourea). In: Documentation of the threshold limit values for substances in workroom air. 3rd ed. Cincinnati, OH: American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, pp. 15-16.
Gosselin RE, Smith RP, Hodge HC [1984]. Clinical toxicology of commercial products. 5th ed. Section III. Baltimore, MD: Williams and Wilkins Company, pp. 40-42.
Lehman AJ [1952]. Chemicals in foods: a report to the Association of Food and Drug Officials on current developments. Part II. Pesticides. Section III. Subacute and chronic toxicity. Q Bulletin Assoc Food Drug Off U.S. 16:47-53.
McClosky WT, Smith MI [1945]. Studies on the pharmacologic action and the pathology of alpha-naphthylthiourea (ANTU). I. Pharmacology. Public Health Rep 60(38):1101-1113.
Perkow W [1971/76]. Wirksubstanzen der pflanzenschutz und schadlingsbekampfungsmittel. Berlin, Germany: Verlag Paul Parey (in German).
Stolman A, ed. [1969]. Progress in chemical toxicology. Vol. 4. New York, NY: Academic Press, p. 235.
Yakkyoku (Pharmacy) [1977]; 28:329-335 (in Japanese).

Go back to the Documentation for Immediately Dangerous To Life or Health Concentrations (IDLHs)

This page was last updated 8/16/96:
Go back to the NIOSH home page

or to the CDC home page.