Isopropyl acetate
May 1994
Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH)
CAS number: 108–21–4
NIOSH REL: The 1989 OSHA PEL may not be protective to workers.
Current OSHA PEL: 250 ppm (950 mg/m3) TWA
1989 OSHA PEL: 250 ppm (950 mg/m3) TWA, 310 ppm (1,185 mg/m3) STEL
1993-1994 ACGIH TLV: 250 ppm (1,040 mg/m3) TWA, 310 ppm (1,290 mg/m3) STEL
Description of substance: Colorless liquid with a fruity odor.
LEL(@100°F): 1.8% (10% LEL(@100°F), 1,800 ppm)
Original (SCP) IDLH: 16,000 ppm
Basis for original (SCP) IDLH: The chosen IDLH is based on the UCC [1970] report that a 4-hour exposure to 16,000 ppm killed 1 of 6 rats.
Short-term exposure guidelines: None developed
ACUTE TOXICITY DATA:
Lethal concentration data:
| Species | Reference | LC50 (ppm) |
LCLo (ppm) |
Time | Adjusted 0.5-hr LC (CF) |
Derived value |
| Rat Rat Rat |
Pozzani et al. 1959 Smyth et al. 1954 Smyth et al. 1954 |
11,918 LC83: 32,000 LC17: 16,000 |
----- ----- ----- |
8 hr 4 hr 4 hr |
29,795 ppm (2.5) 64,000 ppm (2.0) 32,000 ppm (2.0) |
2,980 ppm 6,400 ppm 3,200 ppm |
Other animal data: It has been stated that isopropyl acetate is comparable in toxicity to ethyl acetate and n-propyl acetate [ACGIH 1991].
Human data: None relevant for use in determining the revised IDLH.
| Revised IDLH: 1,800 ppm Basis for revised IDLH: The revised IDLH for isopropyl acetate is 1,800 ppm based on analogies to ethyl acetate and n-propyl acetate [ACGIH 1991]. This value is also 10% of the lower explosive limit of 1.8% (which was determined at 100°F). |
REFERENCES:
1. ACGIH [1991]. Isopropyl acetate. In: Documentation of the threshold limit values and biological exposure indices. 6th ed. Cincinnati, OH: American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, pp. 826-827.
2. Pozzani UC, Weil CS, Carpenter CP [1959]. The toxicological basis of threshold limit values: 5. The experimental inhalation of vapor mixtures by rats, with notes upon the relationship between single dose inhalation and single dose oral data. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J 20:364-369.
3. Smyth HF Jr, Carpenter CP, Weil CS, Pozzani UC [1954]. Range-finding toxicity data: list V. AMA Arch Ind Hyg Occup Med 10:61-68.
4. UCC [1970]. Toxicology studies: isopropyl acetate. New York, NY: Union Carbide Corporation.