About Respiratory Health Division

What we do

Respiratory Research

RHD provides national and international leadership in work-related respiratory health issues by generating new knowledge and transferring that knowledge into practice to benefit workers. The division’s research includes:

• Conducting multidisciplinary research to identify work-related respiratory hazards, assess workplace exposures, characterize health risks, and develop and disseminate effective interventions.

• Collecting, analyzing, and disseminating national data to track the burden of work-related respiratory disease.

• Responding to NIOSH Health Hazard Evaluation (HHE) requests for evaluations of potential respiratory risks and providing recommendations for solutions.

• Providing health screening and surveillance services to U.S. coal miners under a program mandated by federal law called the Coal Workers’ Health Surveillance Program.

Examples include:

• Interstitial lung diseases
• Airways diseases
• Infectious diseases

Various areas of studies include exposures to:

• Coal mine dust
• Silica
• Beryllium
• Flavorings
• Latex
• Isocyanates

Field Studies

Under the NIOSH Health Hazard Evaluation Program, RHD responds to requests from employers, current employees, or their authorized representatives, to conduct on-site investigations of reported respiratory hazards in their workplaces. This work includes evaluation of the frequency and severity of specific respiratory diseases using epidemiological methods, environmental assessments, industrial hygiene sampling, medical testing, laboratory research, and data analysis. Findings of investigations allow RHD to provide workplaces with appropriate recommendations for prevention. RHD health hazard evaluations have included investigations of:

• Workplaces using diacetyl and related flavoring chemicals
• Dampness in nonindustrial buildings and schools
• Tuberculosis in homeless shelters
• Dust exposures to flock production workers
• Exposures in indium tin oxide production facilities

RHD also carries out experimental field studies designed to address questions such as work-relatedness of diseases, to characterize potentially hazardous exposures, and to test the effectiveness of preventive interventions.

Respiratory Surveillance Program

RHD collects, analyzes, and disseminates information related to the occurrence of occupational respiratory disease, as well as the frequency and time-based trends of specific diseases by agent, occupation, industry, geography, and demographic characteristics. Surveillance products include the Work-Related Occupational Respiratory Disease (WoRLD) Report, the National Occupational Respiratory Mortality System (NORMS) and others. The program develops and evaluates surveillance methods for data collection, processing, and statistical analysis, and provides technical assistance and recommendations for medical screening and health surveillance.

Coal Workers' Health Surveillance Program

The Coal Workers' Health Surveillance Program (CWHSP) was initially established in 1970 by the Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act of 1969. In accordance with the Mine Safety and Health Administration's recently published rule on respirable coal mine dust exposure, the CWHSP provides the following services:

• Health Screening for Coal Miners: CWHSP provides U.S. coal miners with the opportunity to undergo health screening for respiratory disease with respiratory symptom questionnaires, chest radiography, and spirometry (a type of lung function test) at first entry into coal mining and at intervals thereafter throughout their coal mining careers. Medical facilities must be approved by NIOSH for participation in CWHSP before they can provide services to coal miners under the program.
• NIOSH B Reader Program: The B Reader Program aims to create and maintain a pool of physicians who are able to "classify" chest radiographs for the presence and severity of changes associated with pneumoconiosis (dust-induced lung disease) using the International Labour Organization's classification system. It accomplishes this aim by providing learning opportunities and examinations that document physicians' abilities to use the classification system.

NIOSH Spirometry Training Program

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Cotton Dust Standard [29 CFR 1910.1043] assigned NIOSH the responsibility of approving spirometry courses developed to train technicians who perform spirometry under the Standard. The purpose of a NIOSH-Approved Course is to improve the quality of testing by assuring that technicians who perform spirometry have received sufficient theoretical and hands-on training. NIOSH-approved spirometry training courses are recognized for their quality and are attended by technicians performing spirometry in a variety of settings.

Technology and product highlights

The Work-Related Disease Surveillance System (eWoRLD)

This system presents data on work-related respiratory diseases including asbestosis, byssinosis, coal workers’ pneumoconiosis, silicosis, asthma, COPD, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, and mesothelioma.

Spirometry Longitudinal Data Analysis (SPIROLA) Software

This easy-to-use visual and quantitative software tool assists health care providers in monitoring and interpreting computerized spirometry data.

Faces of Black Lung Video

This video provides background on black lung among coal miners and features miners who share stories on how their lives changed due to the disease.

Learning Curves Video: Technical Procedures for Spirometry Testing in the Occupational Setting

This video consists of seven downloadable modules that provide guidance on spirometry testing for health professionals.

How we do it

RHD has 90 full time positions and has offices and labs in Morgantown, WV. Staff have experience in the following areas:

• Epidemiology and Surveillance: Epidemiologists I Statisticians I Health Scientists

• Engineering: Architectural Engineers I Chemical Engineers

• Exposure Science: Industrial Hygienists I Physical Scientists I Biological Science Technicians

• Occupational Health: Physicians I Nurses I Health Assessment Specialists I Medical Instrument Technicians

• Program Administration: Public Health Analysts I Program Analysts

• Health Communications: Health Communication Specialists

• Information Technology: Computer Programmers I Health Informatics