1,2,4-Benzenetricarboxylic acid 1,2-anhydride

RTECS #

DC2050000

CAS #

552-30-7
See: NMAM or OSHA Methods

Updated

December 2018

Molecular Weight

192.13

Molecular Formula

C₉H₄O₅

Synonyms

1,2,4-Benzenetricarboxylic acid anhydride
1,2,4-Benzenetricarboxylic acid, cyclic 1,2-anhydride
1,2,4-Benzenetricarboxylic anhydride
1,3-Dihydro-1,3-dioxo-5-isobenzofurancarboxylic acid
1,3-Dioxo-5-phthalancarboxylic acid
4-Carboxyphthalic anhydride
5-Phthalanacarboxylic acid, 1,3-dioxo-
Anhydrotrimellic acid
Diphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate-trimellic anhydride-ethomid HT polymer
Epon 9150
NCI-C56633
Trimellic acid 1,2-anhydride
Trimellic acid anhydride
Trimellitic acid cyclic 1,2-anhydride
Trimellitic anhydride
Trimellitic anhydride (ACGIH)

Skin and Eye Irritation and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
skin /mouse	10%/3D- intermittent		TOLED5 136,121,2002

Acute Toxicity Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
In Vitro/Human, leukemia cells	Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 81.2 mg/L/24H	In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays	TIVIEQ 26,1150,2012
In Vitro/Human, leukemia cells	Inhibitor Concentration Low: >1000 µmol/L	In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (dye exclusion): trypan blue assay etc.	TOLED5 239,32,2015
In Vitro/Human, leukemia cells	Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 26900 µmol/L/24H	In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (dye exclusion): trypan blue assay etc.	TOLED5 239,32,2015
In Vitro/Human, leukemia cells	Inhibitor Concentration Low: 1000 µmol/L	In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays	TOLED5 239,32,2015
In Vitro/Human, lung	Inhibitor Concentration Low: 3.03 µg/well/24H	In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays	TIVIEQ 27,1151,2013
In Vitro/Human, lung	Inhibitor Concentration (20 percent kill): 2.73 mmol/L	In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.	TIVIEQ 30,274,2015
In Vitro/Human, lung	Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 6.7 gm/L/3H	In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.	TIVIEQ 27,174,2013
In Vitro/Human, lung	Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 33 gm/L/24H	In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.	TIVIEQ 27,174,2013
In Vitro/Human, lung	Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 23 gm/L/24H	In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays	TIVIEQ 27,174,2013
In Vitro/Human, lung tumor	Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 2.7 gm/L/24H	In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.	TIVIEQ 27,174,2013
In Vitro/Human, skin	Inhibitor Concentration Low: 1 pph/15M	In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays	TIVIEQ 29,787,2015
In Vitro/Mouse, fibroblast	Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 2.4 gm/L/24H	In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.	TIVIEQ 27,174,2013
In Vitro/Rat, lung	Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 14.4 mmol/L/1H	In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.	TIVIEQ 32,347,2016
In Vitro/Rat, lung	Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 11.5 mmol/L/1H	In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell protein synthesis	TIVIEQ 32,347,2016
In Vitro/Rat, lung	Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 10 mmol/L/1H	Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation	TIVIEQ 32,347,2016
inhalation/mouse	lowest published toxic concentration: 25 pph/4H	Immunological Including Allergic: Increase in cellular immune response	TOXID9 66,160,2002
inhalation/rat	Lethal concentration: >7400 mg/m³/4H		85INA8 6,1642,1991
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 15 mg/m³/24H	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Structural or functional change in trachea or bronchi Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory obstruction Immunological Including Allergic: Hypersensitivity delayed (multiple organ involvement)	TXAPA9 197,175,2004
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 15 mg/m³/15M	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Changes in lung weight Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation	TOPADD 36,985,2008
intratracheal/guinea pig	lowest published toxic dose: 2 mg/kg	Vascular: BP lowering not characterized in autonomic section Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Bronchiolar constriction, including asthma Immunological Including Allergic: Increase in cellular immune response	TXCYAC 178,89,2002
intratracheal/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 5 mg/kg	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation	TOXID9 60,173,2001
oral/mouse	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1900 mg/kg	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea	GTPZAB 18(7),57,1974
oral/rabbit	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 5600 mg/kg		85INA8 6,1642,1991
skin/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 100 mg/kg	Skin: After topical application: Dermatitis, allergic Immunological Including Allergic: Increase in humoral response	TOXID9 60,174,2001
skin/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 600 mg/kg	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Sputum Immunological Including Allergic: Increase in cellular immune response Immunological Including Allergic: Anaphylaxis (multiple organ involvement)	ARTODN 76,538,2002

Other Multiple Dose Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
inhalation/mouse	lowest published toxic concentration: 30 mg/m³/3D- intermittent	Immunological Including Allergic: Increased immune response Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation	TXCYAC 261,103,2009
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 25 mg/m³/4D- intermittent	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Sputum Immunological Including Allergic: Increase in cellular immune response Immunological Including Allergic: Anaphylaxis (multiple organ involvement)	ARTODN 76,538,2002
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 120 mg/m³/4D- intermittent	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea Immunological Including Allergic: Increase in cellular immune response Immunological Including Allergic: Anaphylaxis (multiple organ involvement)	ARTODN 76,538,2002
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 258 µg/m³/6H/10D- intermittent	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Fibrosis, focal (pneumoconiosis) Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Changes in lung weight	TXAPA9 87,67,1987
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 5 mg/m³/3D- intermittent	Immunological Including Allergic: Increase in humoral response Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation	TXCYAC 172,157,2002
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 25 mg/m³/5D- intermittent	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Acute pulmonary edema Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Changes in lung weight Immunological Including Allergic: Hypersensitivity delayed (multiple organ involvement)	TOXID9 72,230,2003
multiple/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 280 mg/kg/35D- intermittent	Immunological Including Allergic: Increase in humoral response	TXCYAC 277,29,2010
skin/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 50 pph/3D- intermittent	Immunological Including Allergic: Increased immune response Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation	TXCYAC 261,103,2009
skin/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 360 mg/kg/6D- intermittent	Skin: After topical application: Cutaneous sensitization (experimental)	FCTOD7 48,1704,2010
skin/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 300 mg/kg/3D- intermittent	Skin: After topical application: Cutaneous sensitization (experimental) Immunological Including Allergic: Increase in cellular immune response	TXAPA9 205,259,2005
skin/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 90 mg/kg/3D- continuous	Immunological Including Allergic: Increase in cellular immune response	TXCYAC 232,132,2007
skin/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 18 ul/kg/3D- intermittent	Skin: After topical application: Cutaneous sensitization (experimental)	TOLED5 180,1,2008
skin/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 180 ul/kg/17D- intermittent	Skin: After topical application: Cutaneous sensitization (experimental)	TOLED5 180,1,2008
skin/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 182 ul/kg/31D- intermittent	Skin: After topical application: Cutaneous sensitization (experimental) Immunological Including Allergic: Increased immune response	TOLED5 180,1,2008
skin/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 17 mg/kg/17D- intermittent	Immunological Including Allergic: Increase in cellular immune response Immunological Including Allergic: Increase in humoral response	TOLED5 181,163,2008
skin/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 1100 mg/kg/8D- intermittent	Immunological Including Allergic: Increase in cellular immune response Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation	TXCYAC 252,17,2008
skin/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 2 mL/kg/2D- intermittent	Immunological Including Allergic: Increase in humoral response	TXCYAC 194,147,2003
skin/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 600 mg/kg/3D- intermittent	Immunological Including Allergic: Increase in cellular immune response Immunological Including Allergic: Increase in humoral response	TXCYAC 206,221,2005
skin/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 600 mg/kg/3D- intermittent	Skin: After topical application: Cutaneous sensitization (experimental)	TXCYAC 193,191,2003
skin/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 600 mg/kg/3D- intermittent	Immunological Including Allergic: Increase in cellular immune response Immunological Including Allergic: Hypersensitivity delayed (multiple organ involvement) Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation	TXCYAC 188,1,2003
skin/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 1144 mg/kg/13D- intermittent	Immunological Including Allergic: Increase in cellular immune response Immunological Including Allergic: Hypersensitivity delayed (multiple organ involvement)	JJATDK 20,221,2000
skin/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 7.5 mg/kg/3D- intermittent	Immunological Including Allergic: Increase in cellular immune response	JJATDK 20,221,2000
skin/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 1500 mg/kg/7D- intermittent	Immunological Including Allergic: Increase in cellular immune response Immunological Including Allergic: Increase in humoral response	JJATDK 22,397,2002
skin/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 300 mg/kg/3D- intermittent	Skin: After topical application: Cutaneous sensitization (experimental) Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation	TXAPA9 184,46,2002
skin/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 700 mg/kg/8D- intermittent	Skin: After topical application: Cutaneous sensitization (experimental) Immunological Including Allergic: Increase in cellular immune response	FCTOD7 40,1881,2002
skin/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 515 mg/kg/8D- intermittent	Skin: After topical application: Cutaneous sensitization (experimental) Immunological Including Allergic: Increase in cellular immune response	FCTOD7 40,1881,2002
skin/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 938 mg/kg/7D- intermittent	Skin: After topical application: Primary irritation Immunological Including Allergic: Other immediate (humoral): uticaria, allergic rhinitis, serum sickness (multiple organ involvement)	TXCYAC 117,229,1997
skin/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 468.75 mg/kg/7D- intermittent	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Acute pulmonary edema Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Changes in lung weight Immunological Including Allergic: Hypersensitivity delayed (multiple organ involvement)	TOXID9 72,230,2003
skin/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 4.2 mg/kg/7D- intermittent	Immunological Including Allergic: Increase in humoral response Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation	TXCYAC 172,157,2002
skin/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 16 mg/kg/21D- intermittent	Immunological Including Allergic: Hypersensitivity delayed (multiple organ involvement)	TOXID9 66,242,2002
skin/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 83 mg/kg/7D- intermittent	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Structural or functional change in trachea or bronchi Immunological Including Allergic: Increased immune response	TXCYAC 194,1,2003
subcutaneous/guinea pig	lowest published toxic dose: 180 mg/kg/5D- intermittent	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Structural or functional change in trachea or bronchi Immunological Including Allergic: Increase in cellular immune response	TXCYAC 178,89,2002

Reviews

Organization	Standard	Reference
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)	Threshold Limit Value-time-weighted average 0.0005 mg/m³	DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)	Threshold Limit Value-short term exposure limit 0.002 mg/m³ (inhal,vapor,skin,sen)	DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		BPCT** -,183,1974
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		TOLED5 140-141,213,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		BLREV* 3,71,1989
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		FCTOD7 55,596,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		RTOPDW 55,43,2009
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		RTOPDW 56,54,2010

Standards and Regulations

Organization	Standard	Reference
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN check ACGIH TLV;
Occupational Exposure Limit IN SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIA	time-weighted average 0.005 ppm (0.039 mg/m³), JUL2008
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRIA	MAK-TMW 0.005 ppm (0.04 mg/m³);KZW 0.01 ppm (0.08 mg/m³), resp, sen, 2007
Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUM	short term exposure limit 0.04 mg/m³, MAR2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARK	ceiling concentration 0.04 mg/m³, MAY2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FINLAND	time-weighted average 0.005 ppm (0.04 mg/m³), NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FRANCE	VME 0.005 ppm (0.04 mg/m³), FEB2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-GERMANY	MAK 0.04 mg/m³, 2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELAND	short term exposure limit 0.005 ppm (0.04 mg/m³), sen, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-JAPAN	Occupational Exposure Limit 0.04 mg/m³, Occupational Exposure Limit-continuous 0.1 mg/m³, a1 sen, MAY2012
Occupational Exposure Limit-KOREA	time-weighted average 0.005 ppm (0.04 mg/m³), 2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALAND	time-weighted average 0.005 ppm (0.039 mg/m³), sen, JAN2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-NORWAY	time-weighted average 0.005 ppm (0.04 mg/m³), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-PERU	short term exposure limit 0.04 mg/m³, JUL2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-RUSSIA	short term exposure limit 0.05 mg/m³, JUN2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWEDEN	time-weighted average 0.04 mg/m³, ceiling concentration 0.08 mg/m³, Sen, JUN2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLAND	ceiling concentration 0.005 ppm (0.04 mg/m³), fume, fine dust, sen, JAN2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-UNITED KINGDOM	time-weighted average 0.04 mg/m³;short term exposure limit 0.12 mg/m³, sen, OCT2007

NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance

Organization	Standard	Reference
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO TRIMELLITIC ANHYDRIDE-air	10H time-weighted average 0.005 ppm	NIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983	Hazard Code 83588; Number of Industries 9; Total Number of Facilities 358; Number of Occupations 13; Total Number of Employees Exposed 17745; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 5236
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974	Hazard Code 83588; Number of Industries 8; Total Number of Facilities 196; Number of Occupations 31; Total Number of Employees Exposed 11308

Status in Federal Agencies

Organization	Reference
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Trimellitic anhydride, 5036
NIOSH CURRENT INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN 21, 1978
OSHA ANALYTICAL METHOD #98

Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018

Content source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health