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Volume 30, Number 7—July 2024
Research
Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Clade 2.3.4.4b Virus Infection in Domestic Dairy Cattle and Cats, United States, 2024
Eric R. Burrough
, Drew R. Magstadt, Barbara Petersen, Simon J. Timmermans, Phillip C. Gauger, Jianqiang Zhang, Chris Siepker, Marta Mainenti, Ganwu Li, Alexis C. Thompson, Patrick J. Gorden, Paul J. Plummer, and Rodger Main
, Drew R. Magstadt, Barbara Petersen, Simon J. Timmermans, Phillip C. Gauger, Jianqiang Zhang, Chris Siepker, Marta Mainenti, Ganwu Li, Alexis C. Thompson, Patrick J. Gorden, Paul J. Plummer, and Rodger Main
Table 3
PCR results from various specimens in study of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b virus infection in domestic dairy cattle and cats, United States, 2024*
| Case no. | Animal | State | IAV PCR test | Ct values for IAV PCR |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Milk | Mammary gland | Brain | Lung | Spleen | Lymph node | Ocular fluid | Rumen contents | ||||
| 1 |
Cow 1 |
Texas |
IAV screen | NA |
16.2 | NA |
≥40 | NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
| H5 subtype | 17.9 | NA | |||||||||
| H5 2.3.4.4 |
17.8 |
NA |
|||||||||
| 1 |
Cow 2 |
Texas |
IAV screen | NA |
NA |
NA |
32.6 | NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
| H5 subtype | 36.0 | ||||||||||
| H5 2.3.4.4 |
34.8 |
||||||||||
| 2 |
Cow 1 |
Texas |
IAV screen | 12.3 | NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
| H5 subtype | 18.8 | ||||||||||
| H5 2.3.4.4 |
14.7 |
||||||||||
| 2 |
Cow 2 |
Texas |
IAV screen | 13.1 | NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
| H5 subtype | 17.6 | ||||||||||
| H5 2.3.4.4 |
15.1 |
||||||||||
| 3 |
Cow 1 |
Kansas |
IAV screen | 15.2 | NA |
NA |
≥40 | ≥40 | ≥40 | 29.0 | 31.0 |
| H5 subtype | 19.5 | NA | NA | NA | 31.2 | 32.7 | |||||
| H5 2.3.4.4 |
17.1 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
30.9 |
32.2 |
|||||
| 3 |
Cow 2 |
Kansas |
IAV screen | NA |
NA |
NA |
≥40 | ≥40 | NA |
≥40 | ≥40 |
| H5 subtype | NA | NA | NA | NA | |||||||
| H5 2.3.4.4 |
NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
|||||||
| 4 |
Cow 1 |
Kansas |
IAV screen | 16.9 | NA |
NA |
33.0 | ≥40 | 31.2 | ≥40 | 29.4 |
| H5 subtype | 23.1 | ≥40 | NA | 38.0 | NA | 32.4 | |||||
| H5 2.3.4.4 |
20.0 |
≥40 |
NA |
33.9 |
NA |
31.1 |
|||||
| 5 |
Cow 1 |
Kansas |
IAV screen | ≥40 | NA |
NA |
34.1 | 29.8 | NA |
NA |
NA |
| H5 subtype | NA | 37.8 | 36.1 | ||||||||
| H5 2.3.4.4 |
NA |
37.3 |
33.9 |
||||||||
| 6 |
Cat 1 |
Texas |
IAV screen | NA |
NA |
9.9 | 17.4 | NA |
NA |
NA |
NA |
| H5 subtype | 10.7 | 16.5 | |||||||||
| H5 2.3.4.4 |
11.9 |
18.0 |
|||||||||
| 6 | Cat 2 | Texas | IAV screen | NA | NA | 13.5 | 24.4 | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| H5 subtype | 14.0 | 23.8 | |||||||||
| H5 2.3.4.4 | 15.2 | 24.8 | |||||||||
*Ct values were obtained by using real-time reverse transcription PCR tests for influenza A viruses, the H5 subtype, and H5 clade 2.3.4.4 viruses. Ct, cycle threshold; H5, hemagglutinin 5; IAV, influenza A virus; NA, not available.
Page created: April 29, 2024
Page updated: April 29, 2024
Page reviewed: April 29, 2024
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