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1,2,4-Benzenetricarboxylic acid 1,2-anhydride

RTECS #
DC2050000
CAS #
552-30-7
See: NMAM or OSHA Methods
Updated
December 2018
Molecular Weight
192.13
Molecular Formula
C9H4O5
Synonyms
1,2,4-Benzenetricarboxylic acid anhydride
1,2,4-Benzenetricarboxylic acid, cyclic 1,2-anhydride
1,2,4-Benzenetricarboxylic anhydride
1,3-Dihydro-1,3-dioxo-5-isobenzofurancarboxylic acid
1,3-Dioxo-5-phthalancarboxylic acid
4-Carboxyphthalic anhydride
5-Phthalanacarboxylic acid, 1,3-dioxo-
Anhydrotrimellic acid
Diphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate-trimellic anhydride-ethomid HT polymer
Epon 9150
NCI-C56633
Trimellic acid 1,2-anhydride
Trimellic acid anhydride
Trimellitic acid cyclic 1,2-anhydride
Trimellitic anhydride
Trimellitic anhydride (ACGIH)

Skin and Eye Irritation and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
skin /mouse 10%/3D- intermittentTOLED5 136,121,2002

Acute Toxicity Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
In Vitro/Human, leukemia cells Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 81.2 mg/L/24HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assaysTIVIEQ 26,1150,2012
In Vitro/Human, leukemia cells Inhibitor Concentration Low: >1000 µmol/LIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (dye exclusion): trypan blue assay etc.TOLED5 239,32,2015
In Vitro/Human, leukemia cells Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 26900 µmol/L/24HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (dye exclusion): trypan blue assay etc.TOLED5 239,32,2015
In Vitro/Human, leukemia cells Inhibitor Concentration Low: 1000 µmol/LIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assaysTOLED5 239,32,2015
In Vitro/Human, lung Inhibitor Concentration Low: 3.03 µg/well/24HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assaysTIVIEQ 27,1151,2013
In Vitro/Human, lung Inhibitor Concentration (20 percent kill): 2.73 mmol/LIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.TIVIEQ 30,274,2015
In Vitro/Human, lung Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 6.7 gm/L/3HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.TIVIEQ 27,174,2013
In Vitro/Human, lung Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 33 gm/L/24HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.TIVIEQ 27,174,2013
In Vitro/Human, lung Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 23 gm/L/24HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assaysTIVIEQ 27,174,2013
In Vitro/Human, lung tumor Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 2.7 gm/L/24HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.TIVIEQ 27,174,2013
In Vitro/Human, skin Inhibitor Concentration Low: 1 pph/15MIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assaysTIVIEQ 29,787,2015
In Vitro/Mouse, fibroblast Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 2.4 gm/L/24HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.TIVIEQ 27,174,2013
In Vitro/Rat, lung Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 14.4 mmol/L/1HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.TIVIEQ 32,347,2016
In Vitro/Rat, lung Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 11.5 mmol/L/1HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell protein synthesisTIVIEQ 32,347,2016
In Vitro/Rat, lung Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 10 mmol/L/1HBiochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammationTIVIEQ 32,347,2016
inhalation/mouse lowest published toxic concentration: 25 pph/4HImmunological Including Allergic: Increase in cellular immune responseTOXID9 66,160,2002
inhalation/rat Lethal concentration: >7400 mg/m3/4H85INA8 6,1642,1991
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 15 mg/m3/24HLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Structural or functional change in trachea or bronchi

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory obstruction

Immunological Including Allergic: Hypersensitivity delayed (multiple organ involvement)
TXAPA9 197,175,2004
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 15 mg/m3/15MLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Changes in lung weight

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation
TOPADD 36,985,2008
intratracheal/guinea pig lowest published toxic dose: 2 mg/kgVascular: BP lowering not characterized in autonomic section

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Bronchiolar constriction, including asthma

Immunological Including Allergic: Increase in cellular immune response
TXCYAC 178,89,2002
intratracheal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 5 mg/kgLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation
TOXID9 60,173,2001
oral/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1900 mg/kgLung, Thorax, or Respiration: DyspneaGTPZAB 18(7),57,1974
oral/rabbit lethal dose (50 percent kill): 5600 mg/kg85INA8 6,1642,1991
skin/rat lowest published toxic dose: 100 mg/kgSkin: After topical application: Dermatitis, allergic

Immunological Including Allergic: Increase in humoral response
TOXID9 60,174,2001
skin/rat lowest published toxic dose: 600 mg/kgLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Sputum

Immunological Including Allergic: Increase in cellular immune response

Immunological Including Allergic: Anaphylaxis (multiple organ involvement)
ARTODN 76,538,2002

Other Multiple Dose Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
inhalation/mouse lowest published toxic concentration: 30 mg/m3/3D- intermittentImmunological Including Allergic: Increased immune response

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation
TXCYAC 261,103,2009
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 25 mg/m3/4D- intermittentLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Sputum

Immunological Including Allergic: Increase in cellular immune response

Immunological Including Allergic: Anaphylaxis (multiple organ involvement)
ARTODN 76,538,2002
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 120 mg/m3/4D- intermittentLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea

Immunological Including Allergic: Increase in cellular immune response

Immunological Including Allergic: Anaphylaxis (multiple organ involvement)
ARTODN 76,538,2002
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 258 µg/m3/6H/10D- intermittentLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Fibrosis, focal (pneumoconiosis)

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Changes in lung weight
TXAPA9 87,67,1987
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 5 mg/m3/3D- intermittentImmunological Including Allergic: Increase in humoral response

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation
TXCYAC 172,157,2002
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 25 mg/m3/5D- intermittentLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Acute pulmonary edema

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Changes in lung weight

Immunological Including Allergic: Hypersensitivity delayed (multiple organ involvement)
TOXID9 72,230,2003
multiple/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 280 mg/kg/35D- intermittentImmunological Including Allergic: Increase in humoral responseTXCYAC 277,29,2010
skin/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 50 pph/3D- intermittentImmunological Including Allergic: Increased immune response

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation
TXCYAC 261,103,2009
skin/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 360 mg/kg/6D- intermittentSkin: After topical application: Cutaneous sensitization (experimental)FCTOD7 48,1704,2010
skin/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 300 mg/kg/3D- intermittentSkin: After topical application: Cutaneous sensitization (experimental)

Immunological Including Allergic: Increase in cellular immune response
TXAPA9 205,259,2005
skin/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 90 mg/kg/3D- continuousImmunological Including Allergic: Increase in cellular immune responseTXCYAC 232,132,2007
skin/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 18 ul/kg/3D- intermittentSkin: After topical application: Cutaneous sensitization (experimental)TOLED5 180,1,2008
skin/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 180 ul/kg/17D- intermittentSkin: After topical application: Cutaneous sensitization (experimental)TOLED5 180,1,2008
skin/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 182 ul/kg/31D- intermittentSkin: After topical application: Cutaneous sensitization (experimental)

Immunological Including Allergic: Increased immune response
TOLED5 180,1,2008
skin/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 17 mg/kg/17D- intermittentImmunological Including Allergic: Increase in cellular immune response

Immunological Including Allergic: Increase in humoral response
TOLED5 181,163,2008
skin/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 1100 mg/kg/8D- intermittentImmunological Including Allergic: Increase in cellular immune response

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation
TXCYAC 252,17,2008
skin/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 2 mL/kg/2D- intermittentImmunological Including Allergic: Increase in humoral responseTXCYAC 194,147,2003
skin/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 600 mg/kg/3D- intermittentImmunological Including Allergic: Increase in cellular immune response

Immunological Including Allergic: Increase in humoral response
TXCYAC 206,221,2005
skin/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 600 mg/kg/3D- intermittentSkin: After topical application: Cutaneous sensitization (experimental)TXCYAC 193,191,2003
skin/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 600 mg/kg/3D- intermittentImmunological Including Allergic: Increase in cellular immune response

Immunological Including Allergic: Hypersensitivity delayed (multiple organ involvement)

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation
TXCYAC 188,1,2003
skin/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 1144 mg/kg/13D- intermittentImmunological Including Allergic: Increase in cellular immune response

Immunological Including Allergic: Hypersensitivity delayed (multiple organ involvement)
JJATDK 20,221,2000
skin/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 7.5 mg/kg/3D- intermittentImmunological Including Allergic: Increase in cellular immune responseJJATDK 20,221,2000
skin/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 1500 mg/kg/7D- intermittentImmunological Including Allergic: Increase in cellular immune response

Immunological Including Allergic: Increase in humoral response
JJATDK 22,397,2002
skin/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 300 mg/kg/3D- intermittentSkin: After topical application: Cutaneous sensitization (experimental)

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation
TXAPA9 184,46,2002
skin/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 700 mg/kg/8D- intermittentSkin: After topical application: Cutaneous sensitization (experimental)

Immunological Including Allergic: Increase in cellular immune response
FCTOD7 40,1881,2002
skin/rat lowest published toxic dose: 515 mg/kg/8D- intermittentSkin: After topical application: Cutaneous sensitization (experimental)

Immunological Including Allergic: Increase in cellular immune response
FCTOD7 40,1881,2002
skin/rat lowest published toxic dose: 938 mg/kg/7D- intermittentSkin: After topical application: Primary irritation

Immunological Including Allergic: Other immediate (humoral): uticaria, allergic rhinitis, serum sickness (multiple organ involvement)
TXCYAC 117,229,1997
skin/rat lowest published toxic dose: 468.75 mg/kg/7D- intermittentLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Acute pulmonary edema

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Changes in lung weight

Immunological Including Allergic: Hypersensitivity delayed (multiple organ involvement)
TOXID9 72,230,2003
skin/rat lowest published toxic dose: 4.2 mg/kg/7D- intermittentImmunological Including Allergic: Increase in humoral response

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation
TXCYAC 172,157,2002
skin/rat lowest published toxic dose: 16 mg/kg/21D- intermittentImmunological Including Allergic: Hypersensitivity delayed (multiple organ involvement)TOXID9 66,242,2002
skin/rat lowest published toxic dose: 83 mg/kg/7D- intermittentLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Structural or functional change in trachea or bronchi

Immunological Including Allergic: Increased immune response
TXCYAC 194,1,2003
subcutaneous/guinea pig lowest published toxic dose: 180 mg/kg/5D- intermittentLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Structural or functional change in trachea or bronchi

Immunological Including Allergic: Increase in cellular immune response
TXCYAC 178,89,2002

Reviews

OrganizationStandardReference
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)Threshold Limit Value-time-weighted average 0.0005 mg/m3DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)Threshold Limit Value-short term exposure limit 0.002 mg/m3 (inhal,vapor,skin,sen)DTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWBPCT** -,183,1974
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTOLED5 140-141,213,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWBLREV* 3,71,1989
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWFCTOD7 55,596,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWRTOPDW 55,43,2009
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWRTOPDW 56,54,2010

Standards and Regulations

OrganizationStandardReference
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN check ACGIH TLV;
Occupational Exposure Limit IN SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIAtime-weighted average 0.005 ppm (0.039 mg/m3), JUL2008
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRIAMAK-TMW 0.005 ppm (0.04 mg/m3);KZW 0.01 ppm (0.08 mg/m3), resp, sen, 2007
Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUMshort term exposure limit 0.04 mg/m3, MAR2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARKceiling concentration 0.04 mg/m3, MAY2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FINLANDtime-weighted average 0.005 ppm (0.04 mg/m3), NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FRANCEVME 0.005 ppm (0.04 mg/m3), FEB2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-GERMANYMAK 0.04 mg/m3, 2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELANDshort term exposure limit 0.005 ppm (0.04 mg/m3), sen, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-JAPANOccupational Exposure Limit 0.04 mg/m3, Occupational Exposure Limit-continuous 0.1 mg/m3, a1 sen, MAY2012
Occupational Exposure Limit-KOREAtime-weighted average 0.005 ppm (0.04 mg/m3), 2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALANDtime-weighted average 0.005 ppm (0.039 mg/m3), sen, JAN2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-NORWAYtime-weighted average 0.005 ppm (0.04 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-PERUshort term exposure limit 0.04 mg/m3, JUL2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-RUSSIAshort term exposure limit 0.05 mg/m3, JUN2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWEDENtime-weighted average 0.04 mg/m3, ceiling concentration 0.08 mg/m3, Sen, JUN2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLANDceiling concentration 0.005 ppm (0.04 mg/m3), fume, fine dust, sen, JAN2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-UNITED KINGDOMtime-weighted average 0.04 mg/m3;short term exposure limit 0.12 mg/m3, sen, OCT2007

NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance

OrganizationStandardReference
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO TRIMELLITIC ANHYDRIDE-air10H time-weighted average 0.005 ppmNIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983Hazard Code 83588; Number of Industries 9; Total Number of Facilities 358; Number of Occupations 13; Total Number of Employees Exposed 17745; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 5236
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974Hazard Code 83588; Number of Industries 8; Total Number of Facilities 196; Number of Occupations 31; Total Number of Employees Exposed 11308

Status in Federal Agencies

OrganizationReference
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Trimellitic anhydride, 5036
NIOSH CURRENT INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN 21, 1978
OSHA ANALYTICAL METHOD #98
Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018