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Summary of Notifiable Diseases, United States 1996

The following CDC staff members contributed to this report:

Myra A. Montalbano Carol M. Knowles Deborah A. Adams Patsy A. Hall Robert F. Fagan Karl A. Brendel Harry R. Holden Gerald F. Jones Division of Public Health Surveillance and Informatics Epidemiology Program Office

in collaboration with

Willie J. Anderson Office of the Vice President for Health Affairs Emory University

Angela Trosclair, M.S. TRW, Inc.

Siobhan M. Gilchrist, M.P.H. Klemm Analysis Group

Felicia J. Perry MCA Research Corporation


Foreword

MMWR Summary of Notifiable Diseases, United States, 1996

This publication contains summary tables of the official statistics for the reported occurrence of nationally notifiable diseases in the United States for 1996. These statistics are collected and compiled from reports to the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS), which is operated by CDC in collaboration with the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE). Because the dates of onset and dates of diagnosis for notifiable diseases may not always be reported, these surveillance data are presented by the week that they were reported to CDC by public health officials in state and territorial health departments. These data are finalized and published in the MMWR Summary of Notifiable Diseases, United States for use by state and local health departments; schools of medicine and public health; communications media; local, state, and federal agencies; and other agencies or persons interested in following the trends of reportable diseases in the United States. The annual publication of the Summary also documents which diseases are considered national priorities for notification and the annual number of cases of such diseases.

Part 1 contains information regarding morbidity for each of the diseases considered nationally notifiable during 1996. The tables provide the number of cases of notifiable diseases reported to CDC for 1996, as well as the distribution of cases by month and geographic location, and by patient's age, sex, race, and Hispanic ethnicity. The data are final totals as of July 25, 1997, unless otherwise noted. Because no cases of anthrax were reported in the United States during 1996, this nationally notifiable disease does not appear in the tables in Part 1. Nationally notifiable diseases that are reportable in fewer than 40 states also do not appear in these tables. In all tables, leprosy is listed as Hansen disease, and tick-borne typhus fever is listed as Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF).

Part 2 contains graphs and maps. These graphs and maps depict summary data for many of the notifiable diseases that are described in tabular form in Part 1.

Part 3 includes tables that list the number of cases of notifiable diseases reported to CDC since 1967. It also includes a table enumerating deaths associated with specified notifiable diseases reported to the National Center for Health Statistics, CDC, during 1986-1995.


Background

As of January 1, 1996, 52 infectious diseases were designated as notifiable at the national level. A notifiable disease is one for which regular, frequent, and timely information regarding individual cases is considered necessary for the prevention and control of the disease. This section briefly summarizes the history of the reporting of nationally notifiable diseases in the United States.

In 1878, Congress authorized the U.S. Marine Hospital Service (i.e., the forerunner of the Public Health Service {PHS}) to collect morbidity reports regarding cholera, smallpox, plague, and yellow fever from U.S. consuls overseas; this information was to be used for instituting quarantine measures to prevent the introduction and spread of these diseases into the United States. In 1879, a specific Congressional appropriation was made for the collection and publication of reports of these notifiable diseases. The authority for weekly reporting and publication of these reports was expanded by Congress in 1893 to include data from states and municipal authorities. To increase the uniformity of the data, Congress enacted a law in 1902 directing the Surgeon General to provide forms for the collection and compilation of data and for the publication of reports at the national level. In 1912, state and territorial health authorities -- in conjunction with PHS -- recommended immediate telegraphic reporting of five infectious diseases and the monthly reporting, by letter, of 10 additional diseases. The first annual summary of The Notifiable Diseases in 1912 included reports of 10 diseases from 19 states, the District of Columbia, and Hawaii. By 1928, all states, the District of Columbia, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico were participating in national reporting of 29 specified diseases. At their annual meeting in 1950, the State and Territorial Health Officers authorized a conference of state and territorial epidemiologists whose purpose was to determine which diseases should be reported to PHS. In 1961, CDC assumed responsibility for the collection and publication of data concerning nationally notifiable diseases.

The list of nationally notifiable diseases is revised periodically. For example, a disease may be added to the list as a new pathogen emerges, or a disease may be deleted as its incidence declines. Public health officials at state health departments and CDC continue to collaborate in determining which diseases should be nationally notifiable; CSTE, with input from CDC, makes recommendations annually for additions and deletions to the list of nationally notifiable diseases. However, reporting of nationally notifiable diseases to CDC by the states is voluntary (for a complete list of all nationally reportable infectious diseases and other conditions, see World-Wide Web site http://www.cste.org). Reporting is currently mandated (i.e., by state legislation or regulation) only at the state level. The list of diseases that are considered notifiable, therefore, varies slightly by state. All states generally report the internationally quarantinable diseases (i.e., cholera, plague, and yellow fever) in compliance with the World Health Organization's International Health Regulations.

The 52 Infectious Diseases That Were Designated as Notifiable at the National Level During 1996 ----------------------------------------------- Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome Anthrax Botulism * Brucellosis Chancroid * Chlamydia trachomatis, genital infection Cholera Coccidioidomycosis * Congenital rubella syndrome Congenital syphilis Cryptosporidiosis Diphtheria Encephalitis, California Encephalitis, eastern equine Encephalitis, St. Louis Encephalitis, western equine Escherichia coli O157:H7 Gonorrhea Haemophilus influenzae, invasive disease Hansen disease (leprosy) Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome Hemolytic uremic syndrome, post-diarrheal Hepatitis A Hepatitis B Hepatitis, C/non-A, non-B HIV infection, pediatric Legionellosis Lyme disease Malaria Measles (Rubeola) Meningococcal disease Mumps Pertussis Plague Poliomyelitis, paralytic Psittacosis Rabies, animal Rabies, human Rocky Mountain spotted fever Rubella Salmonellosis * Shigellosis * Streptococcal disease, invasive, group A Streptococcus pneumoniae, drug-resistant * Streptococcal toxic-shock syndrome Syphilis Tetanus Toxic-shock syndrome Trichinosis Tuberculosis Typhoid fever Yellow fever ----------------------------------------------- NOTE: Although varicella is not a nationally notifiable disease, the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists recommends reporting of cases of this disease to CDC.

  • Not currently published in the MMWR weekly tables.


Data Sources

Provisional data concerning the reported occurrence of notifiable diseases are published weekly in MMWR. After each reporting year, staff in state health departments finalize reports of cases for that year with local or county health departments and reconcile the data with reports previously sent to CDC throughout the year; these data are compiled in final form in this summary. Notifiable disease reports (which are published in the annual MMWR Summary of Notifiable Diseases only after approval by the appropriate epidemiologist from each submitting state or territory) are the authoritative and archival counts of cases. Data published in MMWR Surveillance Summaries or other surveillance reports produced by CDC programs, which are useful for detailed epidemiologic analyses, may not agree exactly with data reported in the annual Summary of Notifiable Diseases because of differences in the timing of reports, the source of the data, and the use of different case definitions.

Data in this summary were derived primarily from reports transmitted to the Division of Public Health Surveillance and Informatics, Epidemiology Program Office, CDC, by the 50 state, two city, and five territorial health departments through the National Electronic Telecommunications System for Surveillance (NETSS). (For more information regarding NETSS and notifiable diseases, including case definitions for these conditions, see World-Wide Web site http://www.cdc.gov/epo/phs.htm.) Final data for other diseases are from the surveillance-program records of the following CDC programs (requests for further information regarding these data should be directed to the source specified):

National Center for Health Statistics ------------------------------------- Office of Vital and Health Statistics Systems (deaths from selected

notifiable diseases)

National Center for Infectious Diseases --------------------------------------- Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases (toxic-shock syndrome and

laboratory data regarding botulism, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella, and Shigella) Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases (laboratory data regarding

arboviral encephalitis) Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases (animal rabies)

National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHSTP) -------------------------------------------------------- Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Surveillance, and Epidemiology (acquired

immunodeficiency syndrome {AIDS}) Division of Sexually Transmitted Diseases Prevention (chancroid, chlamydia,

gonorrhea, and syphilis) Division of Tuberculosis Elimination (tuberculosis)

National Immunization Program ----------------------------- Epidemiology and Surveillance Division (poliomyelitis)

Disease totals for the United States, unless otherwise stated, do not include data for American Samoa, Guam, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI). Disease totals from American Samoa were unavailable for 1996.

Population estimates for states are based on the July 1, 1996, post-censal estimates made by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Population Division, Population Estimates Branch, PPL-57. Because these estimates are unavailable by age and sex for 1996, rates for reported disease occurrences by age group and among males and females use population totals from the 1995 post-censal estimates. Population estimates for territories are from the 1990 census, U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Press Releases CB91-142, 242, 243, 263, and 276.

Rates in the 1996 Summary of Notifiable Diseases were based on data for the U.S. total-resident population. However, population data from states in which diseases were not notifiable or disease data were not available were excluded from rate calculations.

Interpreting Data

The data reported in this summary are useful for analyzing disease trends and determining relative disease burdens. However, these data must be interpreted in light of reporting practices. Some diseases that cause severe clinical illness (e.g., plague or rabies), if diagnosed by a clinician, are most likely reported accurately. However, persons who have diseases that are clinically mild and infrequently associated with serious consequences (e.g., salmonellosis) may not even seek medical care from a health-care provider; even if these less severe diseases are diagnosed, they are less likely to be reported. The degree of completeness of reporting also is influenced by the diagnostic facilities that are available; the control measures that are in effect; the public awareness of a specific disease; and the interests, resources, and priorities of state and local officials responsible for disease control and public health surveillance. Finally, factors such as changes in the case definitions for public health surveillance, the introduction of new diagnostic tests, or the discovery of new disease entities may cause changes in disease reporting that are independent of the true incidence of disease.

Public health surveillance data are published for selected racial and ethnic population groups because these variables may be risk markers for certain notifiable diseases. Risk markers can identify potential risk factors for investigation in future studies. Data regarding race and ethnicity also can be useful for identifying groups to target for prevention efforts. However, caution must also be used when drawing conclusions from reported data relating to race and ethnicity. Among persons of certain races and ethnicities, there are likely to be differential patterns of access to health care, interest in seeking health care, and detection of disease that would lead to data that are not representative of disease incidence in these populations. In addition, not all data concerning race and ethnicity are collected uniformly for all diseases. For example, the Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Surveillance, and Epidemiology and the Division of Sexually Transmitted Diseases Prevention in NCHSTP collect information regarding race and ethnicity using a single variable. A person's racial and ethnic background is reported as either American Indian/Alaska Native, Asian/Pacific Islander, black non-Hispanic, white non-Hispanic, or Hispanic. Additionally, although the recommended standard for classifying a person's race or ethnicity is based on self-reporting, this procedure may not always be followed.


Highlights for Selected Infectious Diseases 1996

Arboviral Encephalitis

The 1996 national total of 39 laboratory-confirmed California serogroup viral encephalitis cases (all of which were La Crosse encephalitis cases) represents a 95% increase over the 1995 total. This is the largest annual total of such cases reported since 1982. Reports from West Virginia and Ohio account for nearly 100% of the increase. Much of the increase in West Virginia may be attributable to the recent implementation of an active surveillance system for this disease. La Crosse encephalitis is endemic in the eastern United States, where it is associated with exposure to deciduous forests and Aedes triseriatus (the eastern treehole mosquito).

Coccidioidomycosis

From 1990 through 1995, the number of reported cases of coccidioidomycosis in Arizona increased by 144%. To characterize the trends and impact of coccidioidomycosis in Arizona, the Arizona Department of Health Services analyzed surveillance, death-certificate, and hospital-discharge data. These data indicated that, during 1990-1995, coccidioidomycosis in Arizona disproportionately affected persons aged greater than or equal to 65 years and persons with HIV infection.

Cryptosporidiosis

National reporting for cryptosporidiosis began in 1995 with 2,972 cases reported from 27 states. In 1996, a total of 2,426 cases were reported from 42 states. Because the diagnosis of cryptosporidiosis often is not considered, and because laboratories do not routinely test for Cryptosporidium infection, cryptosporidiosis continues to be underdiagnosed and underreported.

Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome

Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a pan-American viral zoonosis caused by Sin Nombre virus and other New World hantaviruses which, in the United States, include Bayou virus, Black Creek Canal virus, and New York-1 virus. The identified rodent reservoirs for Sin Nombre, New York-1, Black Creek Canal, and Bayou viruses are Peromyscus maniculatus (deer mouse), Peromyscus leucopus (white-footed mouse), Sigmodon hispidus (cotton rat), and Oryzomys palustris (rice rat), respectively. Cases of HPS have been identified in the continental United States, Canada, Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay, and Uruguay. As of May 1, 1997, national surveillance for HPS has identified 160 confirmed cases in 26 states (case-fatality rate: 47.5%); 22 of these cases occurred during 1996.

Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome

In the United States, nearly all cases of post-diarrheal hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) are caused by infection with Escherichia coli O157:H7 or other Shiga toxin-producing organisms. During 1996, the first year of national reporting, 18 states reported 102 cases of post-diarrheal HUS. Median age of patients was 5 years (range: 1-79); 75% of cases occurred from June through October.

Hepatitis, viral

In 1996, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) issued recommendations for the prevention of hepatitis A through active or passive immunization (MMWR 1996;45{No. RR-15}). The report provides recommendations for use of the recently licensed hepatitis A vaccines (i.e., HAVRIX{Registered}, manufactured by SmithKline Beecham Biologicals, and VAQTA{Registered}, manufactured by Merck & Company, Inc.). For communities with high rates of hepatitis A and periodic outbreaks (peak rates: 700 reported cases per 100,000 population), routine vaccination of children aged 2 years and catch-up vaccination of older children are recommended. To control outbreaks in communities with intermediate rates of hepatitis A (i.e., 50-200 reported cases per 100,000 population), vaccination programs targeting subpopulations with the highest rates of disease may be considered. In these communities, ongoing routine vaccination of young children should be implemented to prevent future outbreaks.

HIV Infection in Children and Infants

In 1996, a total of 29 states conducted surveillance of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in children. These states reported 249 cases of HIV infection that had not progressed to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and 184 cases of AIDS among children. During 1996, these states received 1,720 additional reports of children who were born to HIV-infected mothers but who require follow up with providers to determine their HIV infection status.

Lyme Disease

In 1996, a total of 16,455 cases of Lyme disease were reported to CDC by 45 states and the District of Columbia (overall incidence: 6.2 per 100,000 population), representing a 41% increase from the 11,700 cases reported in 1995 and a 26% increase from the 13,043 cases reported in 1994. As in previous years, most cases were reported from the mid-Atlantic, northeast, and north-central regions. Eight states reported Lyme disease incidences that were higher than the overall national rate (Connecticut, 94.8; Rhode Island, 53.9; New York, 29.2; New Jersey, 27.4; Delaware, 23.9; Pennsylvania, 23.3; Maryland, 8.8; and Wisconsin, 7.7); these states accounted for 14,959 (91%) of the nationally reported cases. In 1996, zero cases were reported from five states (i.e., Alaska, Arizona, Colorado, Montana, and South Dakota). The increase in reported Lyme disease cases in 1996 probably represents a combination of increased tick density in the northeastern United States, enhanced health-care provider awareness and reporting, and improved laboratory surveillance. In addition, case reporting has been enhanced through the availability of CDC resources for Lyme disease surveillance in eight states (i.e., Connecticut, Michigan, Minnesota, New Jersey, New York, Oregon, Rhode Island, and West Virginia).

Plague

In 1996, five cases of plague among humans, two of which were fatal, were reported in the United States (two cases in Arizona, one in Colorado, and two in New Mexico). Both decedents had septicemic plague that was not diagnosed until after they died. One of the persons who died was infected through bites by infective prairie dog fleas; the other was infected by exposure to a pet cat with plague. These cases underscore the need for health-care providers in areas with endemic plague to maintain a high level of awareness about the risk for plague in their patients. Revised recommendations for the use of plague vaccine have been approved by ACIP and published in MMWR (1996;45{No. RR-14}). During 1970-1995, a total of 341 cases of human plague (average: 13 cases per year) were reported in the United States. Of these cases, 80% occurred in the southwestern states of New Mexico, Arizona, and Colorado, 9% were reported from California, and nine other western states reported limited numbers of cases. Most likely modes of transmission were determined for 286 of these cases and included flea bite (n=223; 78%), direct contact with infected animals (n=56; 20%), and inhalation of respiratory droplets from infected animals (n=7; 2%). Five of the seven persons infected by inhalation were known to be exposed to infected domestic cats. The overall mortality was 15%.

Yellow Fever

In July 1996, a 45-year-old resident of Tennessee planning a trip to Brazil elected not to drive to a nearby city for a recommended immunization with yellow fever (YF) vaccine at a World Health Organization designated Yellow Fever Vaccine Administration Center. After a 9-day fishing trip on the Amazon and Rio Negro rivers, he returned to Tennessee where he soon developed symptoms of fever, chills, headache, joint pains, and myalgias. His condition deteriorated further with development of a coagulopathy, bleeding from multiple sites, and shock. He died on the 6th day of hospitalization. YF virus was isolated from premortem serum specimens and was identified both by polymerase chain reaction and conventional virologic methods. This case was the first recognized and documented importation of YF into the United States since 1924.

Non-Notifiable Diseases, 1996

Cyclospora

In the spring and early summer of 1996, the largest reported outbreak of cyclosporiasis occurred in North America. A total of 1,465 cases were reported by 20 states and the District of Columbia in the United States and by two provinces in Canada. Of these cases, 725 (49.5%) were associated with 55 events (e.g., luncheons) and the other 740 (50.5%) were sporadic. Consumption of fresh raspberries from Guatemala was associated with illness.

Dengue

Forty-four laboratory-confirmed cases of dengue were imported into the United States in 1996 and diagnosed at the CDC Dengue Branch. This number is a decrease from the unusually substantial number of cases reported in 1995 (i.e., 86 cases), which was associated with the occurrence of major outbreaks of dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) in most tropical countries of the Americas. However, the total number of dengue and DHF cases reported by Pan American Health Organization member countries in 1996 (n=250,707) was only slightly lower than the total for 1995 (n=284,483). Most countries in the region, especially Central America and the Caribbean islands, reported a substantially lower incidence of dengue in 1996, but major increases were noted in Brazil (with 175,751 cases reported), Mexico (20,687 cases), and Trinidad and Tobago (3,983 cases).

Nosocomial enterococci

In the early 1990s, the percentage of nosocomial enterococci reported from intensive care units (ICUs) as being resistant to vancomycin substantially increased, from 7.1% in 1992 to 11.6% in 1993 and 13.8% in 1994; the increase leveled off in 1995 (12.8%) but has continued its increase in 1996 (16.7%). Data from the hospital-based National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System also indicate that for isolates from outside ICUs, the percentage of resistant enterococci has continued to rise (i.e., from 2.8% in 1992 to 4.8% in 1993 and to 12.2% in 1996). This represents a shift in the hospital location of patients with vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE).

International Notes

West Nile Fever

During the summer of 1996, a substantial epidemic (i.e., approximately 500 clinical cases, nearly 300 of them serologically confirmed) of West Nile fever occurred in Bucharest and southeastern Romania. Most recognized cases manifested as meningitis, encephalitis, or meningoencephalitis. Approximately 5% of confirmed cases were fatal, with the highest case-fatality ratios occurring among elderly persons. The abundant mosquito subspecies Culex pipiens pipiens, which prefers organically polluted water sources for reproduction, was implicated as the urban vector. West Nile virus is a mosquitoborne neurotropic flavivirus that occurs in parts of Africa, Asia, and Europe and is closely related antigenically to St. Louis encephalitis virus, which occurs in North America.

O'nyong-nyong Fever

During the second half of 1996, an epidemic of o'nyong-nyong fever was documented in rural, south-central Uganda. This represents only the second recognized epidemic of this disease since its initial description in 1962. O'nyong-nyong virus is a mosquitoborne alphavirus that causes a febrile disease characterized by generalized, debilitating joint pains, and often the disease is accompanied by a maculo-papular skin rash and lymphadenopathy. Fatalities are rare, but morbidity often is significant. The typical epidemic mosquito vectors are Anopheles funestus and An. gambiae, two of the region's major malaria vectors.


Part 1: Summaries of Notifiable Diseases in the United States

Table_A NOTIFIABLE DISEASES -- Summary of reported cases, by month, United States, 1996 

Table_B1 NOTIFIABLE DISEASES -- Reported cases, by geographic division and area, United States, 1996 

Table_B2 NOTIFIABLE DISEASES -- Reported cases, by geographic division and area, United States, 1996 (continued) 

Table_B3 NOTIFIABLE DISEASES -- Reported cases, by geographic division and area, United States, 1996 (continued) 

Table_B4 NOTIFIABLE DISEASES -- Reported cases, by geographic division and area, United States, 1996 (continued) 

Table_B5 NOTIFIABLE DISEASES -- Reported cases, by geographic division and area, United States, 1996 (continued) 

Table_B6 NOTIFIABLE DISEASES -- Reported cases, by geographic division and area, United States, 1996 (continued) 

Table_C NOTIFIABLE DISEASES -- Summary of reported cases, by age group, United States, 1996 

Table_D NOTIFIABLE DISEASES -- Summary of reported cases, by sex, United States, 1996 

Table_E NOTIFIABLE DISEASES -- Summary of reported cases, by race, United States, 1996 

Table_F NOTIFIABLE DISEASES -- Summary of reported cases, by ethnicity, United States, 1996

Part 2: Graphs and Maps for Selected Notifiable Diseases in the United States

Explanation of Symbols Used in Tables, Graphs, and Maps 
Data not Available.................NA 
Report of diseases is not required in that jurisdiction (not notifiable)..................NN 
No reported cases..................-

Figure_1 ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME (AIDS) -- reported cases, by quarter, United States, 1985-1986 

Figure_2 ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME (AIDS) -- reported cases, per 100,000 population, United States and Puerto Rico, 1996 

Figure_3 ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME (AIDS) -- reported pediatric cases, United States and Puerto Rico, 1996 

Figure_4 ARBOVIRAL INFECTIONS (of the central nervous system) -- reported laboratory-confirmed cases caused by California serogroup viruses, by month of onset, United States, 1987-1996 

Figure_5 ARBOVIRAL INFECTIONS (of the central nervous system) -- reported laboratory-confirmed cases caused by eastern equine encephalitis virus, by month of onset, United States, 1987-1996 

Figure_6 ARBOVIRAL INFECTIONS (of the central nervous system) -- reported laboratory-confirmed cases caused by St. Louis encephalitis virus, by month of onset, United States, 1987-1996 

Figure_7 ARBOVIRAL INFECTIONS (of the central nervous system) -- reported laboratory-confirmed cases caused by western equine encephalitis virus, by month of onset, United States, 1987-1996 

Figure_8 BOTULISM (foodborne) -- by year, United States, 1976-1996 

Figure_9 BOTULISM (infant) -- by year, United States, 1976-1996 

Figure_10 BRUCELLOSIS -- by year, United States, 1966-1996 

Figure_11 CHLAMYDIA -- reported cases among women, per 100,000 population, United States, 1996 

Figure_12 CHOLERA -- reported cases, United States and territories, 1996 

Figure_13 DIPTHERIA -- by year, United States, 1966-1996 

Figure_14 ESCHERICHIA COLI O157:H7 -- reported cases, United States and territories, 1996 

Figure_15 ESCHERICHIA COLI O157:H7 -- reported isolates, United States, 1996 

Figure_16 GONORRHEA -- reported cases, per 100,000 population, United States, 1996 

Figure_17 GONORRHEA -- by sex, United States, 1981-1996 

Figure_18 GONORRHEA -- by race and ethnicity, United States, 1981-1996 

Figure_19 HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE, INVASIVE -- by age group, United States, 1996 

Figure_20 HANSEN DISEASE (LEPROSY) -- by year, United States, 1966- 1996 

Figure_21 HEPATITIS -- by year, United States, 1966-1996 

Figure_22 HEPATITIS A -- reported cases, per 100,000 population, United States and territories, 1996 

Figure_23 HEPATITIS B -- reported cases, per 100,000 population,  nited States and territories, 1996 

Figure_24 LEGIONELLOSIS -- by year, United States, 1981-1996 

Figure_25 LYME DISEASE -- reported cases, per 100,000 population,

United States and territories, 1996 

Figure_26 MALARIA -- by year, United States, 1966-1996 

Figure_27 MEASLES (rubeola) -- by year, United States, 1961-1996 

Figure_28 MENINGOCOCCAL DISEASE -- by year, United States, 1966-1996 

Figure_29 MUMPS -- by year, United States, 1968-1996 

Figure_30 PERTUSSIS (whooping cough) -- by year, United States, 1966-1996 

Figure_31 PERTUSSIS (whooping cough) -- by age group, United States, 1996 

Figure_32 PLAGUE -- among humans, by year, United States, 1966-1996 

Figure_33 POLIOMYELITIS (paralytic) -- by year, United States, 1966-1996 

Figure_34 PSITTACOSIS -- by year, United States, 1966-1996 

Figure_35 RABIES -- wild and domestic animals, by year, United States and Puerto Rico, 1966-1996 

Figure_36 ROCKY MOUNTAIN SPOTTED FEVER (RMSF) -- by year, United States, 1966-1996 

Figure_37 RUBELLA (German measles) -- by year, United States, 1966-1996 

Figure_38 SALMONELLOSIS (excluding typhoid fever) -- by year, United States, 1966-1996 

Figure_39 SALMONELLA -- serotype of isolate by year, United States, 1971-1996 

Figure_40 SHIGELLOSIS -- by year, United States, 1966-1996 

Figure_41 SHIGELLA -- species of isolate by year, United States, 1971-1996 

Figure_42 SYPHILIS (primary and secondary) -- reported cases, per 100,000 population, United States, 1996 

Figure_43 SYPHILIS (primary and secondary) -- by sex, United States, 1981-1996 

Figure_44 SYPHILIS (primary and secondary) -- by race and ethnicity, United States, 1981-1996 

Figure_45 CONGENITAL SYPHILIS -- in infants 1 year of age, United States, 1966-1996 

Figure_46 TETANUS - by year, United States, 1966-1996 

Figure_47 TOXIC-SHOCK SYNDROME (TSS) -- by quarter, United States, 1981-1996 

Figure_48 TRICHINOSIS -- by year, United States, 1981-1996 

Figure_49 TUBERCULOSIS -- reported cases, per 100,000 population, United States and territories, 1996 

Figure_50 TUBERCULOSIS -- by year, United States, 1976-1996 

Figure_51 TUBERCULOSIS -- by year, among persons born in the United States and foreign-born persons, United States, 1986-1996 

Figure_52 TYPHOID FEVER -- by year, United States, 1966-1996 

Figure_53 VARICELLA (chickenpox) -- reported cases, per 100,000 population, United States and territories, 1996

Part 3: Historical Summary Tables

Table_1 NOTIFIABLE DISEASES -- summary of reported cases, per 100,000 population, United States, 1987-1996 

Table_2 NOTIFIABLE DISEASES -- summary of reported cases, 1989-1996 

Table_3 NOTIFIABLE DISEASES -- summary of reported cases, United States, 1981-1988 

Table_4 NOTIFIABLE DISEASES -- summary of reported cases, United States, 1973-1980 

Table_5 NOTIFIABLE DISEASES -- summary of reported cases, United States, 1967-1972 

Table_6 NOTIFIABLE DISEASES -- deaths from selected diseases, United States, 1986-1995


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CRC Press, 1989. Tsai TF. Arboviral infections in the United States. Infect Dis Clin North

Am 1991;5:73-102. Tsai TF. Arboviruses and related zoonotic viruses. In: Oski FJ, ed.

Principles and practices of pediatrics. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: JB Lippincott Co., 1994:1266-88.

Botulism Townes JM, Cieslak PR, Hatheway CL, et al. An outbreak of type A botulism

associated with a commercial cheese sauce. Ann Intern Med 1996;125: 558-63. St. Louis ME, Peck SHS, Bowering D, et al. Botulism from chopped garlic:

delayed recognition of a major outbreak. Ann Intern Med 1988;108: 363-8. Weber JT, Hatheway CL, St. Louis ME. Botulism. In: Hoeprich PD, Jordan MC,

Ronald AR, eds. Infectious diseases: a treatise of infectious processes. 5th ed. Philadelphia: JB Lippincott Co., 1994:1185-94. Woodruff BA, Griffin PM, McCroskey LM, et al. Clinical and laboratory

comparison of botulism from toxin types A, B, and E in the United States 1975-1988. J Infect Dis 1992;166:1281-6.

Brucellosis Chomel BB, DeBess EE, Mangiamele DM, et al. Changing trends in the

epidemiology of human brucellosis in California from 1973 to 1992: a shift toward foodborne transmission. J Infect Dis 1994;170:1216-23. Kaufmann AF, Fox MD, Boyce JM, et al. Airborne spread of brucellosis. Ann

NY Acad Sci 1980;353:105-14. Staskiewicz J, Lewis CM, Colville J, Zervos M, Band J. Outbreak of Brucella

melitensis among microbiology laboratory workers in a community hospital. J Clin Microbiol 1991;29:287-90.

Chancroid CDC. Chancroid in the United States, 1981-1990: evidence for underreporting

of cases. MMWR 1992;41(No. SS-3):57-61. DiCarlo RP, Armentor BS, Martin DH. Chancroid epidemiology in New Orleans

men. J Infect Dis 1995;172:446-52. CDC. Chancroid detected by polymerase chain reaction -- Jackson,

Mississippi, 1994-1995. MMWR 1995;44:567,573-4.

Chlamydia trachomatis infection CDC. Recommendations for the prevention and management of Chlamydia

trachomatis infections, 1993. MMWR 1993;42(RR-12):1-39. Mosure DJ, Berman S, Kleinbaum D, Halloran ME. Predictors of Chlamydia

trachomatis infection among female adolescents: a longitudinal analysis. Amer J Epid 1996;144:997-1003. Mertz KJ, Levine WC, Mosure DJ, Berman SM, Dorian KJ. Trends in the

prevalence of chlamydial infections: the impact of community-wide testing. Sexually Transmitted Diseases 1997;24:169-75. CDC. Chlamydia trachomatis genital infections -- United States, 1995. MMWR

1997;46:193-8.

Cholera Blake PA. Epidemiology of cholera in the Americas. Gastroenterol Clin North

Am 1993;22:639-60. Wachsmuth IK, Blake PA, Olsvik O, eds. Vibrio cholerae and cholera:

molecular to global perspectives. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology, 1994. World Health Organization. Guidelines for cholera control. Geneva: World

Health Organization, 1993. Mahon BE, Mintz ED, Greene KD, Wells JG, Tauxe RV. Reported cholera in the

United States, 1992-1994: a reflection of global changes in cholera epidemiology. JAMA 1996;276:307-12.

Cyclospora Herwaldt BL, Ackers ML, Cyclospora Working Group. An outbreak in 1996 of

cyclosporiasis associated with imported raspberries. N Engl J Med 1997;336:1548-56. Huang P, Weber JT, Sosin DM, et al. The first reported outbreak of

diarrheal illness associated with Cyclospora in the United States. Ann Intern Med 1995;123:409-14. CDC. Update: Outbreaks of Cyclospora cayetenensis infections -- United

States and Canada, 1996. MMWR 1997;46:521-3. Soave R. Cyclospora: an overview. Clin Infect Dis 1996;23:429-35.

Cryptosporidiosis Juranek DD. Cryptosporidiosis: sources of infection and guidelines for

prevention. Clin Infect Dis 1995;21(suppl. 1):S57-S61. CDC. Assessing the public health threat associated with waterborne

cryptosporidiosis: report of a workshop. MMWR 1995;44(No. RR-6):1-19. Kramer MH, Herwaldt BL, Craun GF, Calderon RL, Juranek DD. Surveillance for

waterborne-disease outbreaks -- United States, 1993-1994. MMWR 1996;45 (No. SS-1).

Dengue Rigau-Perez JG, Gubler DJ, Vorndam AV, Clark GG. Dengue in travelers from

the United States, 1986-1994. J Travel Med 1997;4:65-71.

Diphtheria CDC. Diphtheria acquired by U.S. citizens in the Russian Federation and

Ukraine -- 1994. MMWR 1995;44:237,243-4. CDC. Status report on the Childhood Immunization Initiative: reported cases

of selected vaccine-preventable diseases -- United States, 1996. MMWR 1997;46:665-71. Hardy IRB, Dittmann S, Sutter RW. Resurgence of diphtheria in the New

Independent States of the former Soviet Union: current situation and control strategies. Lancet 1996;347:1739-44.

Escherichia coli O157:H7, Hemolytic uremic syndrome Boyce TG, Pemberton AG, Wells JG, Griffin PM. Screening for Escherichia

coli O157:H7 -- a nationwide survey of clinical laboratories. J Clin Microbiol 1995;33:3275-7. Griffin PM, Tauxe RV. The epidemiology of infections caused by Escherichia

coli O157:H7, other enterohemorrhagic E.coli and the associated hemolytic uremic syndrome. Epidemiol Rev 1991;13:60-98. Martin DL, MacDonald KL, White KE, Soler JT, Osterholm MT. The epidemiology

and clinical aspects of the hemolytic-uremic syndrome in Minnesota. N Engl J Med 1990;323:1161-7. Slutsker L, Ries AA, Greene KD, et al. Escherichia coli O157:H7 diarrhea in

the United States: clinical and epidemiologic features. Ann Intern Med 1997;126:505-13.

Gonorrhea CDC. Surveillance for gonorrhea and primary and secondary syphilis among

adolescents -- United States, 1981-1991. MMWR 1993;42(No. SS-3):1-11. CDC. Sentinel surveillance for antimicrobial resistance in Neisseria

gonorrhoeae -- United States, 1988-1991. MMWR 1993;42(No. SS-3):29-39. CDC. Fluoroquinolone resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae -- Colorado and

Washington, 1995. MMWR 1995;44:762-4. Gershman KA, Barrow JC. A tale of two sexually transmitted diseases:

prevalences and predictors of chlamydia and gonorrhea in women attending Colorado family planning clinics. Sexually Transmitted Diseases 1996;23:481-8.

Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome CDC. Hantavirus infection -- Southwestern United States: interim

recommendations for risk reduction. MMWR 1993;42(No. RR-11):1-12. Khan AS, Khabbaz RF, Armstrong LR, et al. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome:

the first 100 US cases. J Infect Dis 1996;173:1297-303. Khan AS, Ksiazek TG, Peters CJ. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. Lancet

1996;347:739-41.

Haemophilus influenzae, invasive CDC. Recommendations for use of Haemophilus b conjugate vaccines and a

combined diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, and Haemophilus b vaccine: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). MMWR 1993;42(No. RR-13). Adams WG, Keaver KA, Cochi SL, et al. Decline of childhood Haemophilus

influenzae type b (Hib) disease in the Hib vaccine era. JAMA 1993;269: 221-6. CDC. Progress toward elimination of Haemophilus influenzae type b disease

among infants and children -- United States, 1993-1994. MMWR 1995;44: 545-50. Urwin G, Krohn JA, Deaver-Robinson K, et al. Invasive disease due to

Haemophilus influenzae serogroup f: clinical and epidemiologic characteristics in the H. influenzae serotype b vaccine era. Clin Inf Dis 1996;22:1069-76.

Hansen Disease (leprosy) Mastro TD, Redd SC, Breiman RF. Imported leprosy in the United States, 1978

through 1988: an epidemic without secondary transmission. Am J Public Health 1992;82:1127-30. Noordeen SK. Epidemiology and control of leprosy -- a review of progress

over the last 30 years. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1993;87:515-7. Smith PG. Recent trends in the epidemiology of tuberculosis and leprosy.

Trop Geogr Med 1991 July;43(suppl. 3):S22-S29.

Hepatitis Alter MJ, Mares A, Hadler SC, Maynard JE. The effect of underreporting on

the apparent incidence and epidemiology of acute viral hepatitis. Am J Epidemiol 1987;125:133-9. CDC. Hepatitis surveillance report no. 56. Atlanta, GA: US Department of

Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, 1996.

Hepatitis A Shapiro CN, Coleman PJ, McQuillan GM, et al. Epidemiology of hepatitis A:

seroepidemiology and risk groups in the U.S.A. Vaccine 1992;10 (suppl. 1):S59-S62. Lemon SM, Shapiro CN. The value of immunization against hepatitis A.

Infectious Agents and Disease 1994;1:38-49.

Hepatitis B Margolis HS, Alter MJ, Hadler SC. Hepatitis B: evolving epidemiology and

implications for control. Semin Liver Dis 1991;11:84-92.

Hepatitis, C/Non-A, non-B Alter MJ. Epidemiology of hepatitis C in the West. Seminars in Liver

Disease 1995;15:5-14. Alter MJ, Margolis HS, Krawczynski K, et al. The natural history of

community-acquired hepatitis C in the United States. N Engl J Med 1992;327:1899-905.

Legionellosis Jernigan DB, Hofmann J, Cetron MS, et al. Outbreak of Legionnaires' disease

among cruise ship passengers exposed to a contaminated whirlpool spa. Lancet 1996;347:494-9. Keller DW, Hajjeh R, DeMaria A Jr, et al. Community outbreak of

legionnaires' disease: an investigation confirming the potential for cooling towers to transmit legionella species. Clin Infect Dis 1996;22:257-61. Marston BJ, Lipman HB, Breiman RF. Surveillance for legionnaires' disease:

risk factors for morbidity and mortality. Arch Intern Med 1994;154: 2417-22. Miller LA, Beebe JL, Butler JC, et al. Use of polymerase chain reaction in

n epidemiologic investigation of Pontiac fever. J Infect Dis 1993;168: 769-72.

Lyme disease CDC. Lyme disease -- United States, 1996. MMWR 1997;46:531-5. CDC. Recommendations for test performance and interpretation from the

Second National Conference on Serologic Diagnosis of Lyme Disease. MMWR 1995;44:590-1. Dennis DT. Lyme disease. Dermatologic Clinics 1995;13:537-51.

Malaria CDC. Local transmission of Plasmodium vivax malaria -- Houston, Texas,

1994. MMWR 1994;44:295. Lobel HO, Miani M, Eng T, Bernard KW, Hightower AW, Campbell CC. Long-term

malaria prophylaxis with weekly mefloquine. Lancet 1993;341:848-51. Zucker JR, Campbell CC. Malaria: principles of prevention and treatment.

Infect Dis Clin North Am 1993;7:547-67.

Measles CDC. Measles prevention: recommendations of the Immunization Practices

Advisory Committee. MMWR 1989;38(No. SS-9):1-18. CDC. Measles -- United States, 1996. MMWR 1997;46:242-6. CDC. Measles -- United States, 1995. MMWR 1996;45:305-7.

Meningococcal disease CDC. Laboratory-based surveillance for meningococcal disease in selected

areas -- United States, 1989-1991. MMWR 1993;42(No. SS-2):21-30. CDC. Control and prevention of meningococcal disease and control and

prevention of serogroup C meningococcal disease: evaluation and management of suspected outbreaks -- recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). MMWR 1997;46 (No. RR-5). CDC. Serogroup Y meningococcal disease -- Illinois, Connecticut, and

selected areas, United States, 1989-1996. MMWR 1996;45:1010-3. Fischer M, Perkins BA. Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B: emergence of the

ET-5 complex. Sem Pediatr Infect Dis 1997;8:50-6.

Mumps Briss PA, Fehrs LJ, Parker RA, et al. Sustained transmission of mumps in a

highly vaccinated population: assessment of primary vaccine failure and waning vaccine-induced immunity. J Infect Dis 1994;169:77-82. CDC. Mumps prevention. MMWR 1989;38:388-92,397-400. CDC. Mumps surveillance -- United States, 1988-1993. MMWR 1995;44

(No. SS-3):1-14. Hersch BS, Fine PEM, Kent WK, et al. Mumps outbreak in a highly vaccinated

population. J Pediatr 1991;119:187-93.

Pertussis CDC. Pertussis -- United States, January 1992-June 1995. MMWR 1995;44:

525-9. CDC. Pertussis vaccination: use of acellular pertussis vaccines among

infants and young children -- recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). MMWR 1997;46 (No. RR-7):1-25. Guris D, Strebel PM, Tachdjian R, Bardenheier B, Wharton M, Hadler SC.

Effectiveness of the pertussis vaccination program as determined by use of the screening method: United States, 1992-1994. J Inf Dis 1997;176.

Plague Craven RB, Barnes AM. Plague and tularemia. Infect Dis Clin North Am

1991;5:165-75. Poland JD, Quan TJ, Barnes AM. Plague. In: Beran GW, ed. CRC handbook

series in zoonoses: section A -- bacterial , rickettsial and mycotic diseases. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, Inc., 1994;93-112.

Poliomyelitis CDC. Poliomyelitis prevention in the United States: introduction of a

sequential vaccination schedule of inactivated poliovirus vaccine followed by oral poliovirus vaccine -- recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). MMWR 1997;46(No. RR-3): 1-25. CDC. Paralytic poliomyelitis -- United States, 1980-1994. MMWR 1997;46:

79-83. Prevots DR, Sutter RW, Strebel PM, Weibel RE, Cochi SL. Completeness of

reporting for paralytic poliomyelitis, United States, 1980 through 1991. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1994;148:479-85. Strebel PM, Sutter RW, Cochi SL, et al. Epidemiology of poliomyelitis in

the United States one decade after the last reported case of indigenous wild virus-associated disease. Clin Infect Dis 1992;14: 568-79.

Psittacosis CDC. Human psittacosis linked to a bird distributor in Mississippi --

Massachusetts and Tennessee, 1992. MMWR 1992;41:794-7. Jorgensen DM. Gestational psittacosis in a Montana sheep rancher. Emerg

Infect Dis 1997;3:191-4. National Association of State Public Health Veterinarians. Compendium of

chlamydiosis (psittacosis) control, 1995. JAVMA 1995;206:1874-9. Wong KH, Skelton SK, Daugharty H. Utility of complement fixation and

microimmunofluorescence assays for detecting serologic responses in patients with clinically diagnosed psittacosis. J Clin Microbiol 1994;32:2417-21.

Rabies CDC. Compendium of animal rabies control, 1997. MMWR 1997;46(No. RR-4). CDC. Rabies prevention -- United States, 1991: recommendations of the

Immunization Practices Advisory Committee (ACIP). MMWR 1991;40 (No. RR-3). Krebs JW, Strine TW, Smith JS, Noah DL, Rupprecht CE, Childs JE. Rabies

surveillance in the United States during 1995. JAVMA 1996;209:2031-44.

Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) Dalton MJ, Clarke MJ, Holman RC, et al. National surveillance for Rocky

Mountain spotted fever, 1981-1992: epidemiologic summary and evaluation of risk factors for fatal outcome. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1995;52:405-13. Woodward TE. Rocky Mountain spotted fever: epidemiological and early

clinical signs are keys to treatment and reduced mortality. J Infect Dis 1984;150:465-8. Salgo MP, Telzak EE, Currie B, et al. A focus of Rocky Mountain spotted

fever within New York City. N Engl J Med 1988;318:1345-8.

Rubella CDC. Rubella prevention: recommendations of the Immunization Practices

Advisory Committee (ACIP). MMWR 1990;39(No. RR-15). CDC. Outbreaks of rubella among the Amish -- United States, 1991. MMWR

1991;40:264. CDC. Rubella and congenital rubella syndrome -- United States, January 1,

1991-May 7, 1994. MMWR 1994;43:391,397-401. Lindegren ML, Fehrs LJ, Hadler SC, Hinman AR. Update: rubella and

congenital rubella syndrome, 1980-1990. Epidemiol Rev 1991;13:341-8.

Salmonellosis Mahon BE, P˝nka A, Hall WN, et al. An international outbreak of Salmonella

infections caused by alfalfa sprouts grown from contaminated seeds. J Infect Dis 1997;175:876-82. Mermin J, Hoar B, Angulo FJ. Iguanas and Salmonella Marina infection in

children: a reflection of the incidence of reptile-associated salmonellosis in the United States. Pediatrics 1997;99:399-402. CDC. Multidrug-resistant Salmonella serotype Typhimurium -- United States,

1996. MMWR 1997;46:308-10. Hennessy TW, Hedberg CW, Slutsker L, et al. A national outbreak of

Salmonella enteritidis infections from ice cream. New Engl J Med 1996;334:1281-6. CDC. Outbreaks of Salmonella serotype Enteritidis infection associated with

consumption of raw shell eggs -- United States, 1994-1995. MMWR 1996; 45:737-42.

Shigellosis Lee LA, Shapiro CN, Hargrett-Bean N, Tauxe RV. Hyperendemic shigellosis in

the United States: a review of surveillance data for 1967-1988. J Infect Dis 1991;164:894-900. Mohle-Boetani JC, Stapleton M, Finger R, et al. Communitywide shigellosis:

control of an outbreak and risk factors in child day-care centers. Am J Public Health 1995;85:812-6. Parsonnet J, Greene KD, Gerber AR, et al. Shigella dysenteriae type 1

infections in U.S. travelers to Mexico. Lancet 1989:543-5. Ries AA, Wells JG, Olivola D, et al. Epidemic Shigella dysenteriae type 1

in Burundi: panresistance and implications for prevention. J Infect Dis 1994;169:1035-41.

Syphilis Thomas JC, Kulik AL, Schoenbach VJ. Syphilis in the south: rural rates in

North Carolina. Am J Public Health 1995;85:1119-22. St. Louis ME, Farley TA, Aral SO. Untangling the persistence of syphilis in

the south. Sex Transm Dis 1996;23:1-4. Nakashima AK, Rolfs RT, Flock ML, Kilmarx P, Greenspan JR. Epidemiology of

syphilis in the United States, 1941-1993. Sex Transm Dis 1996;23: 16-23. CDC. Outbreak of primary and secondary syphilis -- Baltimore City,

Maryland, 1995. MMWR 1996;45:166-9.

Syphilis Congenital CDC. Guidelines for the prevention and control of congenital syphilis. MMWR

1988;37(No. S-1):1-13. CDC. Surveillance for geographic and secular trends in congenital syphilis

  • United States, 1983-1991. MMWR 1993;42(No. SS-6):59-71.

Coles BF, Hipp SS, Silberstein GS, Chen JH. Congenital syphilis

surveillance in upstate New York, 1989-1992: implications for prevention and clinical management. J Infect Dis 1995;171:732-5. Risser WL, Hwang LY. Problems in the current case definitions of congenital

syphilis. J Pediatr 1996;129:499-505.

Tetanus Izurieta HS, Sutter RW, Strebel PM, et al. Tetanus surveillance -- United

States 1991-1994. MMWR 1997;46(No. SS-2):15-25. Gergen PJ, McQuillan GM, Kiely M, Ezzati-Rice TM, Sutter RW, Virella G. A

population-based serologic survey of immunity to tetanus in the United States. N Engl J Med 1995;332:761-6. Prevots R, Sutter R, Strebel PM, Cochi S, Hadler S. Tetanus surveillance --

United States, 1989-1990. MMWR 1992;41(No. SS-8):1-9. Sutter RW, Cochi SL, Brink EW, Sirotkin BI. Assessment of vital statistics

and surveillance data for monitoring tetanus mortality, United States, 1979-1984. Am J Epidemiol 1990;131:132-42.

Toxic-shock syndrome CDC. Reduced incidence of menstrual toxic shock syndrome -- United States,

1980-1990. MMWR 1990;39:421-3. Gaventa S, Reingold AL, Hightower AW, et al. Active surveillance for toxic

shock syndrome in the United States, 1986. Rev Infect Dis 1989;11 (suppl.):S28-S34. Schuchat A, Broome CV. Toxic shock syndrome and tampons. Epidemiol Rev

1991;13:99-112.

Trichinosis CDC. Trichinosis surveillance -- United States, 1987-1990. MMWR 1991;40

(No. SS-3):35-42. McAuley JB, Michelson MK, Hightower AW, Engeran S, Wintermeyer LA, Schantz

PM. A trichinosis outbreak among Southeast Asian refugees. Am J Epidemiol 1992;135:1404-10. CDC. Outbreak of trichinellosis associated with eating cougar jerky --

Idaho, 1995. MMWR 1996;45:205-6. Schantz PM, Moore AC, Munoz JM, et al. Neurocysticercosis in an orthodox

Jewish community in New York City. N Engl J Med 1992;327:692-5.

Tuberculosis American Thoracic Society, CDC. Treatment of tuberculosis and tuberculosis

infection in adults and children. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1994;149: 1359-74. CDC. Recommendations for counting reported tuberculosis cases. In: Reported

tuberculosis in the United States, 1996. July 1997:61-8. CDC. Tuberculosis morbidity -- United States, 1996. MMWR 1997;46:695-700.

Typhoid fever CDC. Typhoid immunization: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on

Immunization Practices. MMWR 1994;43(No. RR-14). Woodruff BA, Pavia AT, Blake PA. A new look at typhoid vaccination:

information for the practicing physician. JAMA 1991;265:756-9. Mermin JH, Townes JM, Gerber M, Dolan N, Mintz ED, Tauxe RV. Typhoid fever

in the United States, 1985-1994: changing risks of international travel and increasing antimicrobial resistance. Arch Inter Med 1997 (in press).

Varicella CDC. Varicella-related deaths among adults -- United States, 1997. MMWR

1997;46:409-12. CDC. Prevention of varicella: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on

Immunization Practices (ACIP). MMWR 1996;45(No. RR-11):1-36. Plotkin, SA. Varicella vaccine {Commentary}. Pediatrics 1996;97:251-3. White CJ. Varicella-zoster virus vaccine. Clin Infect Dis 1997;24:753-63.
Table_A
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NOTIFIABLE DISEASES -- Summary of reported cases, by month, United States, 1996
============================================================================================================================================================================
NAME                                 Total    Jan.      Feb.     Mar.     Apr.       May     June    July      Aug.   Sept.    Oct.      Nov.    Dec.   Unk.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AIDS *                              66,885   4,326     5,674    6,696    5,181     6,576    5,743   5,737     5,455   6,215   5,182     5,611   4,489      -
Botulism, total                        127      14         6       11        6         7       15       8        11      15       7        12      15      -
Brucellosis                            112       4         1        7        8         7        8      16         8       9       9        10      25      -
Chancroid +                            386   ........... 101 ........    ........... 120 ........   ............ 95 .......   ............ 70........      -
Chlamydia +&                       498,884   ....... 114,649 ........    ....... 117,189 ........   ....... 116,203 .......   ....... 150,843 .......      -
Cholera                                  4       -         -        1        1         -        -       -         -       -       1         -       1      -
Diphtheria                               2       -         1        -        -         -        -       -         -       -       -         1       -      -
Escherichia coli O157:H7             2,741      40        54       72       86       108      304     380       477     445     282       265     228      -
Gonorrhea +                        325,883   ........ 77,686 ........    ........ 76,626 ........   ........ 82,799 .......   ........ 88,772 .......      -
Haemophilus influenzae, invasive     1,170      87       101      125      107        83       98      81        73      45      56        69     245      -
Hansen disease (leprosy)               112       4         9       14        5         6       13       3        14       8      12        14      10      -
Hepatitis A                         31,032   1,608     2,159    2,723    2,048     2,084    2,861   2,174     2,585   2,488   2,956     2,854   4,492      -
Hepatitis B                         10,637     500       606      921      832       775    1,039     831       918     800     801       994   1,620      -
Hepatitis, C/non-A non-B             3,716     171       252      342      291       312      409     265       316     254     279       320     505      -
Legionellosis                        1,198      55        52       67       68        49       83      74       138      97     176       155     184      -
Lyme disease                        16,455     159       342      427      381       380    1,145   2,427     3,636   2,543   1,368     1,561   2,086      -
Malaria                              1,800      88        71      100       79       116      149     168       250     173     176       142     288      -
Measles (rubeola)                      508       2        15       50       45        58       92      54       110      23      26        16      17      -
Meningococcal disease                3,437     337       334      357      285       260      318     193       175     153     205       377     443      -
Mumps                                  751      32        68       60       53        73       80      46        69      53      51        65     101      -
Pertussis (whooping cough)           7,796      89       207      408      319       348      520     371     1,066     874     750     1,275   1,569      -
Plague                                   5       -         -        -        -         -        -       -         -       1       3         1       -      -
Poliomyelitis, paralytic                 5       -         -        -        1         -        -       -         -       1       -         3       -      -
Psittacosis                             42       3         2        1        5         5        -       4         3       2       8         5       4      -
Rabies, animal                       6,982     215       324      632      553       539      672     613       981     632     596       605     620      -
Rabies, human                            3       -         -        -        -         -        -       -         1       -       -         1       1      -
Rocky Mountain spotted fever           831       3         8       13       13        44      119     117       168      76      76        44     150      -
Rubella (German measles)               238       9        12       25       23        18       40      72        12       5       3         2      17      -
Rubella, congenital syndrome             4       -         -        1        -         -        -       -         -       -       -         -       3      -
Salmonellosis                       45,471   1,919     2,337    2,946    2,198     2,742    4,487   4,263     5,957   4,703   4,766     4,027   5,126      -
Shigellosis                         25,978   1,219     1,394    1,647    1,380     1,716    2,351   2,089     2,965   2,198   2,560     2,685   3,774      -
Syphilis, total all stages +        52,976   ........ 14,683 ........    ........ 14,146 ........   ........ 12,607 .......   ........ 11,540 .......      -
  Primary and secondary +           11,387   ......... 3,308 ........    ......... 2,827 ........   ......... 2,733 .......   ......... 2,519 .......      -
  Congenital <1 year +               1,162   ........... 346 ........    ........... 302 ........   ........... 277 .......   ........... 237 .......      -
Tetanus                                 36       -         1        2        4         1        6       1         6       3       2         5       5      -
Toxic-shock syndrome                   145       8        13       10       12        10       10      13        17       6       9        14      23      -
Trichinosis                             11       1         -        1        2         3        -       -         2       -       1         1       -      -
Tuberculosis @                      21,337     794     1,308    1,624    1,689     1,953    1,997   1,769     1,983   1,509   1,829     1,517   3,365      -
Typhoid fever                          396      11        29       41       30        36       38      28        31      58      30        30      34      -
Varicella (chickenpox) **           83,511   6,267     8,384   12,214   10,102    11,965    8,858   3,093     1,594   1,075   4,002     6,305   9,652      -
Yellow fever                             1       -         -        -        -         -        -       -         -       -       -         1       -      -
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * The total number of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) cases includes all cases reported to the Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Surveillance, and Epidemiology,
   National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHSTP) through December 31, 1996.
 + Cases were updated through the Division of Sexually Transmitted Diseases Prevention, NCHSTP, as of June 13, 1997.
 & Chlamydia refers to genital infections caused by C. trachomatis.
 @ Cases were updated through the Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, NCHSTP, as of May 28, 1997.
** Not nationally notifiable.
============================================================================================================================================================================

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Table_B1
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NOTIFIABLE DISEASES -- Reported cases, by geographic division and area,
United States, 1996
============================================================================================================================
                   Total resident                   Botulism
                     population                ------------------
Area               (in thousands)  AIDS *      Foodborne   Infant     Brucellosis    Chancroid +  Chlamydia +
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
UNITED STATES          265,284    66,885           25        80           112            386       498,884
NEW ENGLAND             13,350     2,765            -         2             2              3        17,036
  Maine                  1,243        50            -         -             -              -           967
  N.H.                   1,162        93            -         1             -              1           732
  Vt.                      589        25            -         -             -              -           398
  Mass.                  6,092     1,307            -         -             2              2         6,837
  R.I.                     990       178            -         -             -              -         1,833
  Conn.                  3,274     1,112            -         1             -              -         6,269
MID. ATLANTIC           38,229    18,340            -        15             3            186        58,003
  N.Y. (excl. NYC)      10,856     2,427            -         -             1              1            NN
  N.Y. City              7,329     9,952            -         2             -            181        26,455
  N.J.                   7,988     3,613            -         7             1              4        12,273
  Pa.                   12,056     2,348            -         6             1              -        19,275
E.N. CENTRAL            43,615     5,191            -         2            12             29        85,572
  Ohio                  11,173     1,161            -         1             2              6        20,653
  Ind.                   5,841       596            -         1             -              1        10,334
  Ill.                  11,847     2,199            -         -             8             20        24,430
  Mich.                  9,594       965            -         -             1              -        19,865
  Wis.                   5,160       270            -         -             1              2        10,290
W.N. CENTRAL            18,469     1,639            -         3             8              2        31,212
  Minn.                  4,658       304            -         1             1              -         5,607
  Iowa                   2,852       112            -         -             4              -         4,165
  Mo.                    5,359       858            -         1             2              -        11,959
  N. Dak.                  644        12            -         -             -              -         1,016
  S. Dak.                  732        14            -         -             -              -         1,538
  Nebr.                  1,652       100            -         -             -              -         2,478
  Kans.                  2,572       239            -         1             1              2         4,449
S. ATLANTIC             47,616    16,621            -         4            10             28       101,842
  Del.                     725       285            -         -             -              -         2,271
  Md.                    5,072     2,253            -         1             -              2        20,705
  D.C.                     543     1,262            -         -             -              -         1,998
  Va.                    6,675     1,195            -         3             -              1        11,756
  W. Va.                 1,826       121            -         -             -              -         2,325
  N.C.                   7,323       895            -         -             2             14        15,078
  S.C.                   3,699       869            -         -             1              8         9,391
  Ga.                    7,353     2,411            -         -             -              -        13,555
  Fla.                  14,400     7,330            -         -             7              3        24,763
E.S. CENTRAL            16,193     2,284            2         2             4              3        32,587
  Ky.                    3,884       401            1         2             -              -         6,805
  Tenn.                  5,320       826            1         -             2              2        13,125
  Ala.                   4,273       607            -         -             2              -         8,306
  Miss.                  2,716       450            -         -             -              1         4,351
W.S. CENTRAL            29,290     6,841            2         9            25            124        63,513
  Ark.                   2,510       269            -         -             -              1         2,111
  La.                    4,351     1,470            -         2             1             58        11,020
  Okla.                  3,301       272            -         -             1              -         7,379
  Tex.                  19,128     4,830            2         7            23             65        43,003
MOUNTAIN                16,116     2,024            6         4             6              2        29,695
  Mont.                    879        34            -         -             -              -         1,124
  Idaho                  1,189        39            3         -             2              -         1,524
  Wyo.                     481         7            -         -             1              -           621
  Colo.                  3,823       522            1         2             1              -         7,282
  N. Mex.                1,713       205            -         -             1              -         4,007
  Ariz.                  4,428       594            1         -             1              2        10,692
  Utah                   2,000       196            -         2             -              -         1,598
  Nev.                   1,603       427            1         -             -              -         2,847
PACIFIC                 42,406    11,111           15        39            42              9        79,424
  Wash.                  5,533       804            4         -             2              1         9,236
  Oreg.                  3,204       463            -         2             2              -         5,457
  Calif.                31,878     9,610            3        35            36              8        61,555
  Alaska                   607        36            8         -             -              -         1,360
  Hawaii                 1,184       198            -         2             2              -         1,816
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Guam                     133         4            -         -             -              -           304
  P.R.                   3,783     2,243            -         -             -              2         2,481
  V.I.                     102        18            -         -             -              -            11
  American Samoa            47         -           NA        NA            NA             NA            NA
  C.N.M.I.                  43         -            -         -             -             NA            NA
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Totals reported to Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Surveillance, and Epidemiology, National Center for HIV, STD, and TB
  Prevention (NCHSTP), through December 31, 1996. Total includes 69 cases in persons whose state of residence was unknown.
+ Cases were updated through the Division of Sexually Transmitted Diseases Prevention, NCHSTP, as of June 13, 1997.
============================================================================================================================

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Table_B2
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NOTIFIABLE DISEASES -- Reported cases, by geographic division and area,
United States, 1996 (continued)
===============================================================================================================================
                                               Escherichia coli O157:H7          Haemophilus
                                               ------------------------               influenzae,
Area                 Cholera       Diphtheria     NETSS *     PHLIS +    Gonorrhea &      invasive
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
UNITED STATES           4              2          2,741       1,862       325,883          1,170
  NEW ENGLAND           -              -            346         205         6,318             55
  Maine                 -              -             23           -            55              1
  N.H.                  -              -             39          40           153             13
  Vt.                   -              -             36          34            47              2
  Mass.                 -              -            162         131         2,189             36
  R.I.                  -              -             16           -           486              2
  Conn.                 -              -             70           -         3,388              1
MID. ATLANTIC           -              1            241         102        40,128            213
  N.Y. (excl. NYC)      -              -            159          12         7,606             50
  N.Y. City             -              1             20          11        12,998             57
  N.J.                  -              -             62          57         8,721             65
  Pa.                   -              -             NN          22        10,803             41
E.N. CENTRAL            1              1            564         447        59,159            191
  Ohio                  -              -            155         107        14,946             95
  Ind.                  -              1             89          57         6,638             21
  Ill.                  -              -            220         139        17,964             50
  Mich.                 1              -            100          73        15,130             12
  Wis.                  -              -             NN          71         4,481             13
W.N. CENTRAL            -              -            564         437        15,684             63
  Minn.                 -              -            239         242         2,697             48
  Iowa                  -              -            123         105         1,145              4
  Mo.                   -              -             74          57         8,421              8
  N. Dak.               -              -             19          17            37              -
  S. Dak.               -              -             26           -           176              1
  Nebr.                 -              -             50           4         1,164              1
  Kans.                 -              -             33          12         2,044              1
S. ATLANTIC             1              -            157          95        96,386            273
  Del.                  -              -              3           2         1,456              2
  Md.                   -              -              3           9        11,592             76
  D.C.                  -              -              3           -         4,432              5
  Va.                   -              -             NN          36         9,293             11
  W. Va.                -              -             NN           3           736             11
  N.C.                  -              -             47          17        18,229             26
  S.C.                  -              -             13          11        11,661              5
  Ga.                   -              -             39           -        19,806             52
  Fla.                  1              -             49          17        19,181             85
E.S. CENTRAL            -              -             88          72        35,849             45
  Ky.                   -              -             18          12         4,229              6
  Tenn.                 -              -             42          57        11,709             25
  Ala.                  -              -             15           3        13,169             13
  Miss.                 -              -             13           -         6,742              1
W.S. CENTRAL            1              -             89          17        42,392             44
  Ark.                  -              -             13           6         5,056              -
  La.                   1              -              9           4         9,315              6
  Okla.                 -              -             14           3         4,897             32
  Tex.                  -              -             53           4        23,124              6
MOUNTAIN                -              -            218         113         7,445             57
  Mont.                 -              -             27           -            38              1
  Idaho                 -              -             40          13            98              1
  Wyo.                  -              -             11           9            41              -
  Colo.                 -              -             80          45         1,367             16
  N. Mex.               -              -             14           4           890             11
  Ariz.                 -              -             NN          29         3,709             20
  Utah                  -              -             29           -           277              8
  Nev.                  -              -             17          13         1,025              -
PACIFIC                 1              -            474         374        22,522            229
  Wash.                 -              -            187         167         2,020             10
  Oreg.                 -              -             98          70           887             33
  Calif.                1              -            184         124        18,652            178
  Alaska                -              -              5           4           466              6
  Hawaii                -              -             NN           9           497              2
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Guam                  1              -              -          NA            56              -
  P.R.                  -              -             44          NA           648              2
  V.I.                  -              -              -          NA            12              -
  American Samoa       NA             NA             NA          NA            NA             NA
  C.N.M.I.              1              -              -          NA            NA             10
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* National Electronic Telecommunications System for Surveillance.
+ Public Health Laboratory Information System. Cases were updated through the National Center for Infectious Diseases through
  July 17, 1997.
& Cases were updated through the Division of Sexually Transmitted Diseases Prevention, NCHSTP, as of June 13, 1997.
===============================================================================================================================

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Table_B3
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NOTIFIABLE DISEASES -- Reported cases, by geographic division and area,
United States, 1996 (continued)
================================================================================================
                                         Hepatitis
                       Hansen   -----------------------------
                       disease                       C/non-A,   Legionel-     Lyme
Area                  (leprosy)    A        B         non-B       losis     disease    Malaria
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
UNITED STATES            112    31,032   10,637        3,716       1,198     16,455     1,800
  NEW ENGLAND              4       456      255          113          80      4,095        84
  Maine                    -        28        8            -           5         63        10
  N.H.                     -        22       21            7           4         47         4
  Vt.                      -        12       14           26           5         26         8
  Mass.                    4       229      111           74          34        321        32
  R.I.                     -        26       19            6          32        534        12
  Conn.                    -       139       82            -          NN      3,104        18
MID. ATLANTIC              5     1,985    1,413          337         263     10,305       467
  N.Y. (excl. NYC)         -       438      358          272          80      4,900        96
  N.Y. City                5       609      491            3          19        401       269
  N.J.                     -       394      279            -          15      2,190        68
  Pa.                      -       544      285           62         149      2,814        34
E.N. CENTRAL               -     2,619    1,103          490         360        498       170
  Ohio                     -       785      120           35         116         32        15
  Ind.                     -       367      143            8          51         32        15
  Ill.                     -       763      335           93          38         10        83
  Mich.                    -       506      416          354         109         28        41
  Wis.                     -       198       89            -          46        396        16
W.N. CENTRAL               2     2,656      572          111          71        365        51
  Minn.                    2       176       94           10          15        251        26
  Iowa                     -       334       74           53          11         19         3
  Mo.                      -     1,414      326           23          18         52        11
  N. Dak.                  -       140        2            -           -          2         1
  S. Dak.                  -        43        5            -           3          -         -
  Nebr.                    -       156       39            9          18          5         3
  Kans.                    -       393       32           16           6         36         7
S. ATLANTIC                4     1,960    1,573          235         197        823       340
  Del.                     -        21        9            1          12        173         4
  Md.                      -       256      169            4          39        447        87
  D.C.                     -        39       32            -           9          3         9
  Va.                      1       218      163           17          54         57        60
  W. Va.                  NN        19       36            9          NN         12         6
  N.C.                     -       204      337           46          12         66        30
  S.C.                     -        57      101           34           8          9        13
  Ga.                      1       414       61            -           3          1        38
  Fla.                     2       732      665          124          60         55        93
E.S. CENTRAL               -     1,273      914          590          59         83        42
  Ky.                      -        53       76           29          11         26        12
  Tenn.                    -       778      516          400          26         24        14
  Ala.                     -       217       78            8           5          9         8
  Miss.                    -       225      244          153          17         24         8
W.S. CENTRAL              31     6,807    1,616          515          53        175       158
  Ark.                     1       500       93            8           1         27         2
  La.                      1       261      209          292           4          9        12
  Okla.                    -     2,586       56            7          16         42         3
  Tex.                    29     3,460    1,258          208          32         97       141
MOUNTAIN                   2     4,573    1,164          555          58          9        65
  Mont.                    -       130       21           20           1          -         7
  Idaho                    1       247       88           99           -          2         -
  Wyo.                     -        41       45          179           7          3         7
  Colo.                    -       512      132           64          12          -        26
  N. Mex.                  -       355      417           77           2          1         3
  Ariz.                    -     1,767      237           76          21          -         9
  Utah                     1     1,073      129           19           8          1         5
  Nev.                     -       448       95           21           7          2         8
PACIFIC                   64     8,703    2,027          770          57        102       423
  Wash.                    1     1,001      158           66           8         18        41
  Oreg.                    -       875      129            8           -         19        24
  Calif.                  48     6,653    1,710          479          43         64       343
  Alaska                   -        54       16           NA           1          -         3
  Hawaii                  15       120       14          217           5          1        12
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Guam                     -         7        1            6           1          -         -
  P.R.                     -       292    1,195          180           -          -         2
  V.I.                     -        41       44            -           1          -         1
  American Samoa          NA        NA       NA           NA          NA         NA        NA
  C.N.M.I.                 -         1        5            -           -          -         -
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
================================================================================================

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Table_B4
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NOTIFIABLE DISEASES -- Reported cases, by geographic division and area,
United States, 1996 (continued)
=======================================================================================================
                              Measles           Meningo-                                      Polio-
                     ------------------------    coccal                                     myelitis,
Area                 Indigenous    Imported *   disease    Mumps   Pertussis     Plague     paralytic
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
UNITED STATES            443           65        3,437      751       7,796         5           5
NEW ENGLAND               13            4          171        5       1,866         -           -
  Maine                    -            -           15        -          55         -           -
  N.H.                     -            -           13        1         197         -           -
  Vt.                      1            1            4        1         280         -           -
  Mass.                    9            3           71        1       1,245         -           -
 R.I.                      1            -           18        1          40         -           -
  Conn.                    2            -           50        1          49         -           -
MID. ATLANTIC             24           14          381       96         952         -           1
  N.Y. (excl. NYC)         3            9          102       28         533         -           -
  N.Y. City                8            3           56       20          61         -           -
  N.J.                     3            -           79        4          31         -           1
  Pa.                     10            2          144       44         327         -           -
E.N. CENTRAL              14            7          475      135         837         -           1
  Ohio                     4            2          159       52         289         -           1
  Ind.                     -            -           64        8         128         -           -
  Ill.                     2            1          142       24         192         -           -
  Mich.                    -            3           51       48          59         -           -
  Wis.                     8            1           59        3         169         -           -
W.N. CENTRAL              21            3          264       24         573         -           -
  Minn.                   17            2           39        7         433         -           -
  Iowa                     -            1           56        3          32         -           -
  Mo.                      3            -           98       10          74         -           -
  N. Dak.                  -            -            5        2           1         -           -
  S. Dak.                  -            -           10        -           4         -           -
  Nebr.                    -            -           29        -          15         -           -
  Kans.                    1            -           27        2          14         -           -
S. ATLANTIC                3            9          659      131         793         -           1
  Del.                     1            -            3        -          26         -           -
  Md.                      -            2           58       37         278         -           -
  D.C.                     -            -            5        -           4         -           -
  Va.                      -            3           67       19         108         -           -
  W. Va.                   -            -           18        -           7         -           -
  N.C.                     1            1           79       27         186         -           -
  S.C.                     -            -           65        7          49         -           -
  Ga.                      1            2          147        9          35         -           -
  Fla.                     -            1          217       32         100         -           1
E.S. CENTRAL               2            -          246       23         202         -           -
  Ky.                      -            -           31        -         142         -           -
  Tenn.                    2            -           65        1          24         -           -
  Ala.                     -            -           95        6          26         -           -
  Miss.                    -            -           55       16          10         -           -
W.S. CENTRAL              24            3          365       67         201         -           1
  Ark.                     -            -           35        1          14         -           -
  La.                      -            1           66       21          15         -           -
  Okla.                    -            -           46        1          21         -           -
  Tex.                    24            2          218       44         151         -           1
MOUNTAIN                 153            4          183       25         660         5           -
  Mont.                    -            -            9        -          37         -           -
  Idaho                    1            -           25        -         115         -           -
  Wyo.                     1            -            4        1           8         -           -
  Colo.                    4            3           44        5         336         1           -
  N. Mex.                 17            -           27       NN          64         2           -
  Ariz.                    8            -           37        1          33         2           -
  Utah                   117            1           18        3          26         -           -
  Nev.                     5            -           19       15          41         -           -
PACIFIC                  189           21          693      245       1,712         -           1
  Wash.                   36            2          116       26         830         -           -
  Oreg.                   13            1          123       NN          64         -           -
  Calif.                  37            9          437      185         780         -           1
  Alaska                  63            -            9        3           3         -           -
  Hawaii                  40            9            8       31          35         -           -
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Guam                     -            -            5       10           -         -           -
  P.R.                     3            -           13        2           3         -           -
  V.I.                     -            -            -        2           -         -           -
  American Samoa          NA           NA           NA       NA          NA        NA          NA
  C.N.M.I.                 -            -            -        -           -         -           -
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Imported cases include only those imported from other countries.
=======================================================================================================

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Table_B5
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NOTIFIABLE DISEASES -- Reported cases, by geographic division and area,
United States, 1996 (continued)
=========================================================================================================================
                                                                   Rubella
                                     Rabies                  --------------------                            Syphilis,
                       Psitta-  ----------------                          Cong.    Salmonel-     Shigel-       Cong.
Area                    cosis   Animal     Human    RMSF *   Rubella     syndrome    losis        losis      (<1 yr.) +
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
UNITED STATES             42     6,982       3       831       238           4      45,471       25,978        1,162
NEW ENGLAND                -       748       1        19        27           -       2,821          550           10
  Maine                    -       131       -         -         -           -         159           16            -
  N.H.                     -        54       1         -         -           -         133           20            -
  Vt.                      -       135       -         -         2           -         101           12            1
  Mass.                    -       115       -        12        21           -       1,640          265            7
  R.I.                     -        39       -         2         -           -         198           50            -
  Conn.                    -       274       -         5         4           -         590          187            2
MID. ATLANTIC              2     1,550       -        56        13           -       7,470        3,308          302
  N.Y. (excl. NYC)         -     1,080       -        15         5           -       1,940          500           24
  N.Y. City                -        NA       -        19         5           -       1,920          630          130
  N.J.                     2       140       -         9         2           -       1,580          434           90
  Pa.                      -       330       -        13         1           -       2,030        1,744           58
E.N. CENTRAL              11        92       -        30         3           1       6,100        1,943          147
  Ohio                     5        13       -        17         -           -       1,632          559           15
  Ind.                     -         9       -         8         -           -         590          161            4
  Ill.                     3        25       -         4         1           -       1,972          683          103
  Mich.                    1        31       -         1         2           1       1,012          451           22
  Wis.                     2        14       -         -         -           -         894           89            3
W.N. CENTRAL               4       551       -        27         -           -       2,343        1,060           17
  Minn.                    3        37       -         1         -           -         653          166            2
  Iowa                     -       237       -         1         -           -         335          151            -
  Mo.                      1        26       -        19         -           -         565          387           15
  N. Dak.                  -        77       -         -         -           -          63           80            -
  S. Dak.                  -       132       -         1         -           -         119           94            -
  Nebr.                    -         5       -         3         -           -         189           70            -
  Kans.                    -        37       -         2         -           -         419          112            -
S. ATLANTIC                5     2,837       -       489       101           1       9,457        6,140          220
  Del.                     -        80       -         2         -           -         151          155            -
  Md.                      -       637       -        38         -           -       1,160          985           30
  D.C.                     -        11       -         1         1           -         125          199           14
  Va.                      1       612       -        54         2           -       1,229          746           12
  W. Va.                   1       100       -         3         -           -         128           96            -
  N.C.                     -       740       -       289        86           1       1,466          565           24
  S.C.                     -        88       -        23         1           -         873          212           35
  Ga.                      -       303       -        65         -           -       1,467        1,125           30
  Fla.                     3       266       -        14        11           -       2,858        2,057           75
E.S. CENTRAL               1       236       1       122         2           -       1,968        1,683          107
  Ky.                      -        42       1        29         -           -         421        1,151            6
  Tenn.                    -        97       -        47         -           -         508          210           28
  Ala.                     1        92       -        15         2           -         508          144           20
  Miss.                    -         5       -        31        NN           -         531          178           53
W.S. CENTRAL               -       435       -        74         9           -       4,414        3,813          154
  Ark.                     -        29       -        22         -           -         455          176           23
  La.                      -        17       -         2         1           -         616          562            9
  Okla.                    -        38       -        45         -           -         543          318           10
  Tex.                     -       351       -         5         8           -       2,800        2,757          112
MOUNTAIN                   7       157       1        13         9           2       2,727        2,830           10
  Mont.                    -        26       1         3         -           -         101           63            -
  Idaho                    1         -       -         1         2           -         135           97            1
  Wyo.                     3        33       -         7         -           -          57            9            -
  Colo.                    2        43       -         2         3           -         670          660            3
  N. Mex.                  -         6       -         -         -           -         324          473            -
  Ariz.                    -        37       -         -         3           2         619        1,124            5
  Utah                     -         5       -         -         -           -         525          307            -
  Nev.                     1         7       -         -         1           -         296           97            1
PACIFIC                   12       376       -         1        74           -       8,171        4,651          195
  Wash.                    4         6       -         1        15           -         734          333            1
  Oreg.                    2         5       -         -         1           -         386          163            -
  Calif.                   6       355       -         -        55           -       6,544        3,952          194
  Alaska                   -        10       -         -         -          NN          79          116            -
  Hawaii                   -         -       -         -         3           -         428           87            -
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Guam                     -         -       -         -         -           -          39           43            -
  P.R.                     -        58       -         -         -           -         821           55            8
  V.I.                     -         -       -         -         -           -          11            8            -
  American Samoa          NA        NA      NA        NA        NA          NA          NA           NA           NA
  C.N.M.I.                 -         -       -         -         -           -          11            8            -
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Rocky Mountain spotted fever.
+ Cases were updated through the Division of Sexually Transmitted Diseases Prevention, NCHSTP, as of June 13, 1997.
=========================================================================================================================

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Table_B6
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NOTIFIABLE DISEASES -- Reported cases, by geographic division and area,
United States, 1996 (continued)
=====================================================================================================================
                           Syphilis *
                       ------------------                 Toxic-
                       Primary &     All                   shock    Trich-     Tuber-     Typhoid    Yellow
Area                   secondary   stages     Tetanus    syndrome   inosis    culosis +    fever      fever
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
UNITED STATES            11,387    52,976        36         145       11       21,337       396         1
NEW ENGLAND                 194     1,074         1           8        1          481        23         -
  Maine                       1         4         -           3        -           21         -         -
  N.H.                        1        29         -           3        -           21         2         -
  Vt.                         -         1         -           -        -            4         -         -
  Mass.                      85       634         1           2        1          262        18         -
  R.I.                        4        72         -           -        -           35         -         -
  Conn.                     103       334         -           -        -          138         3         -
MID. ATLANTIC               555     9,426         5          28        2        3,991       134         -
  N.Y. (excl. NYC)           76       728         3           9        2          535        21         -
  N.Y. City                 138     5,800         2           4        -        2,053        64         -
  N.J.                      177     1,458         -           -        -          820        40         -
  Pa.                       164     1,440         -          15        -          583         9         -
E.N. CENTRAL              1,651     5,414         5          33        4        2,120        36         -
  Ohio                      584     1,324         -           4        -          301         4         -
  Ind.                      207       673         -           2        1          202         4         -
  Ill.                      501     2,070         1           7        2        1,060        16         -
  Mich.                     183       851         1          19        -          443        10         -
  Wis.                      176       496         3           1        1          114         2         -
W.N. CENTRAL                294       985         2          26        -          548         6         -
  Minn.                      16       116         1           9        -          131         1         -
  Iowa                       23        86         -           4        -           70         1         -
  Mo.                       221       618         1           5        -          224         2         -
  N. Dak.                     -         -         -           2        -            8         -         -
  S. Dak.                     -         2         -           -        -           19         -         -
  Nebr.                       6        27         -           1        -           22         1         -
  Kans.                      28       136         -           5        -           74         1         -
S. ATLANTIC               3,791    14,086         5          16        -        4,016        61         -
  Del.                       35       124         -           1        -           43         -         -
  Md.                       729     2,228         -           2        -          319        18         -
  D.C.                      116       626         -           -        -          139         -         -
  Va.                       393     1,261         -           1        -          349        11         -
  W. Va.                      7        59         -           -        -           57         -         -
  N.C.                    1,052     2,663         -           2        -          554         -         -
  S.C.                      402     1,277         2           3        -          348         -         -
  Ga.                       689     2,954         -           6        -          790         1         -
  Fla.                      368     2,894         3           1        -        1,417        31         -
E.S. CENTRAL              2,351     6,966         2           1        3        1,437         7         1
  Ky.                       154       399         -           -        -          259         1         -
  Tenn.                     850     2,315         1           1        3          504         3         1
  Ala.                      528     1,887         1           -        -          423         3         -
  Miss.                     819     2,365         -          NN        -          251         -         -
W.S. CENTRAL              1,864     9,547         6           3        1        2,949        19         -
  Ark.                      262       834         -           1        -          225         1         -
  La.                       533     2,403         2           -        -          420         1         -
  Okla.                     179       467         1           2        1          201         -         -
  Tex.                      890     5,843         3           -        -        2,103        17         -
MOUNTAIN                    160       934         1           9        -          711         8         -
  Mont.                       -         4         -           -        -           19         -         -
  Idaho                       4        24         -           2        -           15         -         -
  Wyo.                        2         8         -           -        -            7         -         -
  Colo.                      26       162         1           5        -          104         3         -
  N. Mex.                     3        78         -           -        -           89         2         -
  Ariz.                     102       467         -           1        -          282         -         -
  Utah                        3        49         -           -        -           58         1         -
  Nev.                       20       142         -           1        -          137         2         -
PACIFIC                     527     4,544         9          21        -        5,084       102         -
  Wash.                       9       129         1           1        -          285         4         -
  Oreg.                       9        70         1           -        -          190         4         -
  Calif.                    506     4,300         7          20        -        4,313        84         -
  Alaska                      -        15         -           -        -           96         1         -
  Hawaii                      3        30         -           -        -          200         9         -
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Guam                        -         3         -           -        -          112         1         -
  P.R.                      208     1,467         2           -        -          222         1         -
  V.I.                       11        17         1           -        -            9         -         -
  American Samoa             NA        NA        NA          NA       NA           NA        NA        NA
  C.N.M.I.                    -         -         -           -        -           NA         -         -
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Cases were updated through the Division of Sexually Transmitted Diseases Prevention, NCHSTP, as of June 13, 1997.
+ Cases were updated through the Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, NCHSTP, as of May 28, 1997.
=====================================================================================================================

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Table_C
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NOTIFIABLE DISEASES -- Summary of reported cases, by age group,* United States, 1996
================================================================================================================================================================================================
                                                  <1                 1-4               5-14                15-24                25-39                40-64               >=65            Age
                                           ----------------    ---------------    ---------------    ------------------    -----------------    ----------------    ----------------     not
NAME                              Total     No.     (Rate)      No.     (Rate)     No.     (Rate)      No.      (Rate)       No.     (Rate)      No.      (Rate)     No.     (Rate)     stated
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AIDS +                           66,885      205   (  5.33)      280   ( 1.78)      247   ( 0.65)      2,403   (  6.69)    37,673   ( 59.68)    26,077   (24.61)        -    (  -  )         -
Botulism, total                     119       78   (  2.03)        1   ( 0.01)        -   (  -  )          1   (  0.00)        10   (  0.02)        20   ( 0.03)        7    ( 0.02)         2
Brucellosis                         112        -   (   -  )        7   ( 0.04)       11   ( 0.03)         28   (  0.08)        27   (  0.04)        32   ( 0.04)        7    ( 0.02)         -
Cholera                               4        -   (   -  )        -   (  -  )        -   (  -  )          -   (   -  )         1   (  0.00)         2   ( 0.00)        1    ( 0.00)         -
Diphtheria                            2        -   (   -  )        -   (  -  )        -   (  -  )          -   (   -  )         -   (   -  )         1   ( 0.00)        1    ( 0.00)         -
Escherichia coli O157:H7          2,741       61   (  1.78)      610   ( 4.37)      598   ( 1.77)        317   (  1.00)       314   (  0.56)       466   ( 0.73)      322    ( 1.10)        53
Gonorrhea &                     324,708        -   (   -  )        -   (  -  )    6,332   (16.60)    189,973   (528.51)    98,336   (155.78)    20,407   (28.18)    1,009    ( 3.01)     7,554
Haemophilus influenzae,
  invasive                        1,170      159   (  4.13)      114   ( 0.72)       54   ( 0.14)         41   (  0.11)       122   (  0.19)       237   ( 0.33)      421    ( 1.26)        22
Hansen disease (leprosy)            112        -   (   -  )        -   (  -  )        2   ( 0.01)          7   (  0.02)        23   (  0.04)        41   ( 0.06)       24    ( 0.07)        15
Hepatitis A                      31,032      144   (  3.74)    1,690   (10.73)    6,627   (17.38)      5,558   ( 15.46)    10,394   ( 16.47)     5,093   ( 7.03)    1,173    ( 3.50)       353
Hepatitis B                      10,637       54   (  1.40)       39   ( 0.25)      186   ( 0.49)      1,907   (  5.31)     4,707   (  7.46)     2,944   ( 4.06)      539    ( 1.61)       261
Hepatitis, C/non-A non-B          3,716       35   (  0.91)        8   ( 0.05)       24   ( 0.06)        153   (  0.43)     1,600   (  2.54)     1,635   ( 2.26)      215    ( 0.64)        46
Legionellosis                     1,198        4   (  0.11)        3   ( 0.02)        5   ( 0.01)         32   (  0.09)       142   (  0.23)       484   ( 0.68)      516    ( 1.57)        12
Lyme disease                     16,455       74   (  1.92)      812   ( 5.16)    2,860   ( 7.50)      1,418   (  3.94)     3,023   (  4.79)     5,766   ( 7.96)    2,253    ( 6.72)       249
Malaria                           1,800       15   (  0.39)       95   ( 0.60)      238   ( 0.62)        334   (  0.93)       578   (  0.92)       408   ( 0.56)       84    ( 0.25)        48
Measles (rubeola)                   508       39   (  1.43)       89   ( 0.67)      115   ( 0.31)        131   (  0.37)       104   (  0.17)        27   ( 0.04)        -    (  -  )         3
Meningococcal disease             3,437      542   ( 14.08)      585   ( 3.72)      538   ( 1.41)        621   (  1.73)       290   (  0.46)       410   ( 0.57)      410    ( 1.22)        41
Mumps                               751        7   (  0.19)      151   ( 0.98)      335   ( 0.90)         89   (  0.25)        97   (  0.16)        55   ( 0.08)        5    ( 0.02)        12
Pertussis (whooping cough)        7,796    2,368   ( 61.53)    1,096   ( 6.96)    2,144   ( 5.62)        902   (  2.51)       628   (  0.99)       551   ( 0.76)       82    ( 0.24)        25
Plague                                5        -   (   -  )        -   (  -  )        -   (  -  )          3   (  0.01)         -   (   -  )         2   ( 0.00)        -    (  -  )         -
Poliomyelitis, paralytic              5        3   (  0.08)        -   (  -  )        -   (  -  )          -   (   -  )         1   (  0.00)         1   ( 0.00)        -    (  -  )         -
Psittacosis                          42        1   (  0.03)        -   (  -  )        1   ( 0.00)          1   (  0.00)        10   (  0.02)        24   ( 0.03)        4    ( 0.01)         1
Rabies, human                         3        -   (   -  )        -   (  -  )        -   (  -  )          -   (   -  )         1   (  0.00)         2   ( 0.00)        -    (  -  )         -
Rocky Mountain spotted fever        831        3   (  0.08)       57   ( 0.36)      168   ( 0.44)         89   (  0.25)       196   (  0.31)       239   ( 0.33)       71    ( 0.21)         8
Rubella (German measles)            238        7   (  0.18)       11   ( 0.07)       10   ( 0.03)        100   (  0.28)        83   (  0.13)        25   ( 0.03)        -    (  -  )         2
Salmonellosis                    45,471    5,440   (141.36)    6,507   (41.33)    4,932   (12.93)      3,697   ( 10.29)     6,871   ( 10.88)     6,488   ( 8.96)    3,796    (11.32)     7,740
Shigellosis                      25,978      522   ( 13.56)    6,834   (43.41)    6,493   (17.03)      1,919   (  5.34)     3,531   (  5.59)     1,706   ( 2.36)      514    ( 1.53)     4,459
Syphilis, primary and
  secondary &                    11,366        -   (   -  )        -   (  -  )       50   ( 0.13)      3,058   (  8.51)     5,745   (  9.10)     2,375   ( 3.28)      108    ( 0.32)        19
Tetanus                              36        -   (   -  )        -   (  -  )        -   (  -  )          2   (  0.01)        14   (  0.02)         7   ( 0.01)       13    ( 0.04)         -
Toxic-shock syndrome                145        2   (  0.05)        4   ( 0.03)       18   ( 0.05)         30   (  0.08)        47   (  0.08)        33   ( 0.05)       10    ( 0.03)         1
Trichinosis                          11        -   (   -  )        -   (  -  )        -   (  -  )          2   (  0.01)         3   (  0.00)         4   ( 0.01)        2    ( 0.01)         -
Tuberculosis @                   21,337      111   (  2.88)      673   ( 4.27)      588   ( 1.54)      1,656   (  4.61)     5,481   (  8.68)     7,711   (10.65)    5,103    (15.22)        14
Typhoid fever                       396        6   (  0.16)       35   ( 0.22)      101   ( 0.26)         65   (  0.18)       110   (  0.17)        53   ( 0.07)       25    ( 0.07)         1
Yellow fever                          1        -   (   -  )        -   (  -  )        -   (  -  )          -   (   -  )         -   (   -  )         1   (  -  )        -    (  -  )         -
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* July 1, 1994, post-censal population estimates were used to calculate incidence rates per 100,000 population.
+ The total number of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) cases includes all cases reported to the Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Surveillance, and Epidemiology, National
  Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHSTP) through December 31, 1996. Reported cases for persons aged >= 65 years have been incorporated in the 40-64 years age group.
& Age-related data are collected on aggregate forms different from those used for the number of reported cases. Therefore, the total cases reported on this table may differ slightly from
  other tables. Cases among persons aged <5 years are not shown because some of these may not be caused by sexual transmission; these cases are, however, included in the totals.
  Cases were updated through the Division of Sexually Transmitted Diseases Prevention, NCHSTP, as of June 13, 1997. Age-related data for 1996 are unavailable for chancroid and
  chlamydia.
@ Cases were updated through the Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, NCHSTP, as of May 28, 1997.
================================================================================================================================================================================================

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Table_D
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NOTIFIABLE DISEASES -- Summary of reported cases, by sex,* United States, 1996
================================================================================================================================
                                                      Male                  Female           Sex
                                               ------------------    ------------------      not
NAME                                 Total        No.     (Rate)        No.     (Rate)      stated
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AIDS +                               66,885     53,293   ( 41.53)     13,592   ( 10.11)         -
Botulism, total                         119         60   (  0.05)         58   (  0.04)         1
Brucellosis                             112         64   (  0.05)         46   (  0.03)         2
Chancroid &                             386        281   (  0.22)        103   (  0.08)         2
Chlamydia &@                        498,884          -   (   -  )    423,349   (314.90)     1,216
Cholera                                   4          4   (  0.00)          -   (   -  )         -
Diphtheria                                2          1   (  0.00)          1   (  0.00)         -
Escherichia coli O157:H7              2,741      1,261   (  1.11)      1,439   (  1.21)        41
Gonorrhea &                         325,883    164,871   (128.49)    160,647   (119.49)       365
Haemophilus Influenzae, invasive      1,170        517   (  0.40)        617   (  0.46)        36
Hansen Disease (leprosy)                112         64   (  0.05)         33   (  0.02)        15
Hepatitis A                          31,032     16,871   ( 13.15)     12,239   (  9.10)     1,922
Hepatitis B                          10,637      6,243   (  4.87)      4,091   (  3.04)       303
Hepatitis, C/non-A non-B              3,716      2,275   (  1.78)      1,349   (  1.00)        92
Legionellosis                         1,198        693   (  0.55)        479   (  0.36)        26
Lyme disease                         16,455      8,634   (  6.73)      7,782   (  5.79)        39
Malaria                               1,800      1,117   (  0.87)        641   (  0.48)        42
Measles (rubeola)                       508        254   (  0.20)        246   (  0.18)         8
Meningococcal disease                 3,437      1,719   (  1.34)      1,666   (  1.24)        52
Mumps                                   751        383   (  0.30)        354   (  0.27)        14
Pertussis (whooping cough)            7,796      3,610   (  2.81)      4,138   (  3.08)        48
Plague                                    5          1   (  0.00)          2   (  0.00)         2
Poliomyelitis, paralytic                  5          2   (  0.00)          3   (  0.00)         -
Psittacosis                              42         15   (  0.01)         27   (  0.02)         -
Rabies, human                             3          1   (  0.00)          2   (  0.00)         -
Rocky Mountain spotted fever            831        443   (  0.35)        385   (  0.29)         3
Rubella (German measles)                238        137   (  0.11)         98   (  0.07)         3
Salmonellosis                        45,471     18,530   ( 14.44)     19,321   ( 14.37)     7,620
Shigellosis                          25,978      9,316   (  7.26)     11,375   (  8.46)     5,287
Syphilis, primary and secondary &    11,387      6,007   (  4.68)      5,379   (  4.00)         1
Tetanus                                  36         20   (  0.02)         16   (  0.01)         -
Toxic-shock syndrome                    145         29   (  0.02)        114   (  0.09)         2
Trichinosis                              11          5   (  0.00)          6   (  0.00)         -
Tuberculosis **                      21,337     13,560   ( 10.57)      7,765   (  5.78)        12
Typhoid fever                           396        212   (  0.17)        182   (  0.14)         2
Yellow fever                              1          1   (  0.00)          -   (   -  )         -
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * July 1, 1996, post-censal population estimates were used to calculate rates. Rates are reported per 100,000 population.
 + The total number of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) cases includes all cases reported to the Division of HIV/AIDS
   Prevention, Surveillance, and Epidemiology, National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHSTP) through
   December 31, 1996.
 & Cases were updated through the Division of Sexually Transmitted Diseases Prevention, NCHSTP, as of June 13, 1997.
 @ Chlamydia refers to genital infections caused by C. trachomatis. The rates for men are not presented, because reporting for
   men is much more limited than for women.
** Cases were updated through the Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, NCHSTP, as of May 28, 1996.
================================================================================================================================

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Table_E
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NOTIFIABLE DISEASES -- Summary of reported cases, by race, United States, 1996
====================================================================================================================================================================================
                                                   American Indian          Asian or                                                                    Race
                                                  or Alaskan Native     Pacific Islander         Black             White              Other          not stated
                                                  -----------------     ----------------    ---------------    --------------      -----------    ----------------
Name                                 Total           No.       %         No.         %        No.       %       No.       %        No.     %       No          %
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AIDS *                               66,885           210    ( <1)        558      (  1)     28,764   ( 43)    26,324   ( 39)        -   ( - )    11,029 +   ( 16)
Botulism, total                         119             1    (  1)          5      (  4)          2   (  2)        76   ( 64)        -   ( - )        35     ( 29)
Brucellosis                             112             -    ( - )          4      (  4)          1   (  1)        53   ( 47)        -   ( - )        54     ( 48)
Cholera                                   4             -    ( - )          -      ( - )          -   ( - )         3   ( 75)        -   ( - )         1     ( 25)
Diphtheria                                2             -    ( - )          -      ( - )          -   ( - )         2   (100)        -   ( - )         -     ( - )
Escherichia coli O157:H7              2,741            11    ( <1)         14      (  1)         63   (  2)     1,673   ( 61)        2   ( <1)       978     ( 36)
Gonorrhea &                         324,708         1,612    ( <1)      1,106      ( <1)    193,974   ( 60)    36,502   ( 11)        -   ( - )    91,514 +   ( 28)
Haemophilus influenzae, invasive      1,170            24    (  2)         16      (  1)        156   ( 13)       638   ( 55)        1   ( <1)       335     ( 29)
Hansen disease (leprosy)                112             1    (  1)         34      ( 30)          6   (  5)        32   ( 29)        1   (  1)        38     ( 34)
Hepatitis A                          31,032           938    (  3)        479      (  2)      2,311   (  7)    18,499   ( 60)       50   ( <1)     8,755     ( 28)
Hepatitis B                          10,637            96    (  1)        667      (  6)      2,224   ( 21)     4,600   ( 43)       34   ( <1)     3,016     ( 28)
Hepatitis, C/non-A non-B              3,716            20    (  1)         18      ( <1)        151   (  4)       602   ( 16)        4   ( <1)     2,921     ( 79)
Legionellosis                         1,198             3    ( <1)          8      (  1)        110   (  9)       801   ( 67)        1   ( <1)       275     ( 23)
Lyme disease                         16,455            52    ( <1)         88      (  1)        230   (  1)    12,310   ( 75)        5   ( <1)     3,770     ( 23)
Malaria                               1,800             8    ( <1)        313      ( 17)        562   ( 31)       420   ( 23)       39   (  2)       458     ( 25)
Measles (rubeola)                       508             6    (  1)         50      ( 10)         10   (  2)       261   ( 51)        3   (  1)       178     ( 35)
Meningococcal disease                 3,437            43    (  1)         39      (  1)        510   ( 15)     2,162   ( 63)        4   ( <1)       679     ( 20)
Mumps                                   751             4    (  1)         59      (  8)         59   (  8)       366   ( 49)        4   (  1)       259     ( 34)
Pertussis (whooping cough)            7,796            54    (  1)         91      (  1)        370   (  5)     4,318   ( 55)        2   ( <1)     2,961     ( 38)
Plague                                    5             2    ( 40)          -      ( - )          -   ( - )         3   ( 60)        -   ( - )         -     ( - )
Poliomyelitis, paralytic                  5             -    ( - )          -      ( - )          -   ( - )         -   ( - )        -   ( - )         5     (100)
Psittacosis                              42             -    ( - )          -      ( - )          -   ( - )        31   ( 74)        -   ( - )        11     ( 26)
Rabies, human                             3             -    ( - )          -      ( - )          -   ( - )         2   ( 67)        -   ( - )         1     ( 33)
Rocky Mountain spotted fever            831             4    ( <1)          5      (  1)         56   (  7)       614   ( 74)        -   ( - )       152     ( 18)
Rubella (German measles)                238             -    ( - )         13      (  5)          4   (  2)       170   ( 71)        -   ( - )        51     ( 21)
Rubella, congenital syndrome              4             -    ( - )          -      ( - )          -   ( - )         3   ( 75)        -   ( - )         1     ( 25)
Salmonellosis                        45,471           269    (  1)        598      (  1)      3,770   (  8)    20,358   ( 45)       25   ( <1)    20,451     ( 45)
Shigellosis                          25,978           998    (  4)        142      (  1)      4,391   ( 17)     9,646   ( 37)       11   ( <1)    10,790 +   ( 42)
Syphilis, primary and secondary &    11,366            41    ( <1)         51      ( <1)      9,299   ( 82)     1,170   ( 10)        -   ( - )       805     (  7)
Tetanus                                  36             -    ( - )          -      ( - )          4   ( 11)        30   ( 83)        -   ( - )         2     (  6)
Toxic-shock syndrome                    145             -    ( - )          2      (  1)          4   (  3)       116   ( 80)        -   ( - )        23     ( 16)
Trichinosis                              11             -    ( - )          1      (  9)          -   ( - )         6   ( 55)        -   ( - )         4     ( 36)
Tuberculosis @                       21,337           290    (  1)      3,854      ( 18)      7,306   ( 34)     9,817   ( 46)        -   ( - )        70     ( <1)
Typhoid fever                           396             -    ( - )        113      ( 29)         48   ( 12)        86   ( 22)        5   (  1)       144     ( 36)
Yellow fever                              1             -    ( - )          -      ( - )          -   ( - )         1   (100)        -   ( - )         -     ( - )
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* The total number of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) cases includes all cases reported to the Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Surveillance, and Epidemiology, National
  Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHSTP) through December 31, 1996.
+ Includes cases originally reported as Hispanic: 10,865 for AIDS; 13,451 for gonorrhea; and 505 for syphilis, primary and secondary.
& Data concerning race are collected on aggregate forms different from those used for numbers of reported cases. Thus, the total number of cases reported on this table may differ
  slightly from other tables. Cases were updated through the Division of Sexually Transmitted Diseases Prevention, NCHSTP, as of June 13, 1997. Data regarding race for 1996 are
  unavailable for chancroid and chlamydia.
@ Cases were updated through the Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, NCHSTP, as of May 28, 1997.
====================================================================================================================================================================================

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Table_F
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NOTIFIABLE DISEASES -- Summary of reported cases, by ethnicity, United States, 1996
=======================================================================================================================================
                                                                                               Ethnicity
                                                    Hispanic          Non-Hispanic            not stated
                                                 --------------    ------------------       ---------------
NAME                                 Total        No.      (%)       No.        (%)           No.      (%)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AIDS *                               66,885      10,865   ( 16)     55,088      ( 82)          932 +  (  1)
Botulism, total                         119          26   ( 22)         69      ( 58)           24    ( 20)
Brucellosis                             112          67   ( 60)         20      ( 18)           25    ( 22)
Cholera                                   4           -   ( - )          3      ( 75)            1    ( 25)
Diphtheria                                2           1   ( 50)          -      ( - )            1    ( 50)
Escherichia coli O157:H7              2,741          65   (  2)      1,505      ( 55)        1,171    ( 43)
Gonorrhea &                         324,708      13,451   (  4)    230,476      ( 71)       80,781 +  ( 25)
Haemophilus influenzae, invasive      1,170         102   (  9)        640      ( 55)          428    ( 37)
Hansen disease (leprosy)                112          35   ( 31)         46      ( 41)           31    ( 28)
Hepatitis A                          31,032       5,931   ( 19)     14,984      ( 48)       10,117    ( 33)
Hepatitis B                          10,637       1,142   ( 11)      5,622      ( 53)        3,873    ( 36)
Hepatitis, C/non-A non-B              3,716         146   (  4)        671      ( 18)        2,899    ( 78)
Legionellosis                         1,198          27   (  2)        625      ( 52)          546    ( 46)
Lyme disease                         16,455         183   (  1)      9,142      ( 56)        7,130    ( 43)
Malaria                               1,800         164   (  9)      1,075      ( 60)          561    ( 31)
Measles (rubeola)                       508          36   (  7)        188      ( 37)          284    ( 56)
Meningococcal disease                 3,437         353   ( 10)      2,087      ( 61)          997    ( 29)
Mumps                                   751         113   ( 15)        339      ( 45)          299    ( 40)
Pertussis (whooping cough)            7,796         543   (  7)      3,628      ( 47)        3,625    ( 46)
Plague                                    5           -   ( - )          5      (100)            -    ( - )
Poliomyelitis, paralytic                  5           2   ( 40)          -      ( - )            3    ( 60)
Psittacosis                              42           1   (  2)         26      ( 62)           15    ( 36)
Rabies, human                             3           -   ( - )          2      ( 67)            1    ( 33)
Rocky Mountain spotted fever            831          16   (  2)        478      ( 58)          337    ( 41)
Rubella (German measles)                238         131   ( 55)         70      ( 29)           37    ( 16)
Rubella, congenital syndrome              4           3   ( 75)          1      ( 25)            -    ( - )
Salmonellosis                        45,471       2,916    (  )     18,190      ( 40)       24,365    ( 54)
Shigellosis                          25,978       3,111   ( 12)      9,526      ( 37)       13,341 +  ( 51)
Syphilis, primary and secondary &    11,366         505    (  )     10,469      ( 92)          392    (  3)
Tetanus                                  36           5   ( 14)         23      ( 64)            8    ( 22)
Toxic-shock syndrome                    145           5   (  3)         91      ( 63)           49    ( 34)
Trichinosis                              11           -   ( - )          3      ( 27)            8    ( 73)
Tuberculosis @                       21,337       4,533   ( 21)     16,720      ( 78)           84    ( <1)
Typhoid fever                           396          63   ( 16)        233      ( 59)          100    ( 25)
Yellow fever                              1           -   ( - )          1      (100)            -    ( - )
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* The total number of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) cases includes all cases reported to the Division of HIV/AIDS
  Prevention, Surveillance, and Epidemiology, National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHSTP) through December 31, 1996.
+ Ethnicity is not stated and includes cases originally reported as American Indian or Alaskan Native and Asian or Pacific Islander.
& Data concerning ethnicity are collected on aggregate forms different from those used for numbers of reported cases. Thus, the total
  number of cases reported on this table may differ slightly from other tables. Cases were updated through the Division of Sexually
  Transmitted Diseases Prevention, NCHSTP, as of June 13, 1997. Data regarding ethnicity for 1996 are unavailable for chancroid and
  chlamydia.
@ Cases were updated through the Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, NCHSTP, as of May 28, 1997
=======================================================================================================================================

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Table_1
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TABLE 1. NOTIFIABLE DISEASES -- summary of reported cases, per 100,000 population, United States, 1987- 1996
===============================================================================================================================================
Disease                                          1987      1988     1989      1990      1991     1992     1993      1994      1995     1996
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AIDS *                                           8.66     12.61    13.58     16.72     17.32    17.83    40.20     30.07     27.20    25.21
Amebiasis                                        1.33      1.20     1.34      1.38      1.23     1.21     1.21      1.20    .... + ........
Anthrax                                          0.00      0.00     0.00      0.00      0.00     0.00     0.00      0.00      0.00     0.00
Aseptic meningitis                               4.72      2.94     4.14      4.77      6.26     5.18     5.39      3.71    .... + ........
Botulism, total (including wound and unsp.)      0.03      0.03     0.04      0.04      0.05     0.04     0.04      0.06      0.04     0.05
  Foodborne                                      0.01      0.01     0.01      0.01      0.01     0.00     0.01      0.02      0.01     0.01
Brucellosis                                      0.05      0.04     0.04      0.03      0.04     0.04     0.05      0.05      0.04     0.05
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chancroid                                        2.07      2.04     1.90      1.70      1.40     0.80     0.54      0.30      0.20 &   0.15
Chlamydia @                                    .......................... ** ...........................................    182.20 &  188.1 &
Cholera                                          0.00      0.00     0.00      0.00      0.01     0.04     0.00      0.02      0.01     0.01
Diphtheria                                       0.00      0.00     0.00      0.00      0.00     0.00     0.00      0.00      0.00     0.01
Encephalitis, primary                            0.58      0.36     0.40      0.54      0.40     0.30     0.36      0.28    .... + ........
  Post-infectious                                0.05      0.05     0.04      0.04      0.03     0.05     0.07      0.06    .... + ........
Escherichia coli O157:H7                       ................................ ** ...........................      0.82      1.01     1.18
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Gonorrhea                                      323.14    298.74   297.36    276.60    249.48   201.60   172.40    168.40    149.50 &  122.8 &
Granuloma inguinale                              0.01      0.00     0.00      0.00      0.01     0.00     0.00      0.00    .... + ........
Haemophilus influenzae, invasive               ............. ** ..................      1.10     0.55     0.55      0.45      0.45     0.45
Hansen disease (leprosy)                         0.10      0.07     0.07      0.08      0.06     0.07     0.07      0.05      0.06     0.05
Hepatitis A                                     10.39     11.60    14.43     12.64      9.67     9.06     9.40     10.29     12.13    11.70
Hepatitis B                                     10.65      9.43     9.43      8.48      7.14     6.32     5.18      4.81      4.19     4.01
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hepatitis, C/non-A, non-B ++                     1.23      1.07     1.02      1.03      1.42     2.36     1.86      1.78      1.78     1.41
Hepatitis, unspecified                           1.27      1.00     0.93      0.67      0.50     0.35     0.24      0.17    .... + ........
Legionellosis                                    0.43      0.44     0.48      0.55      0.53     0.53     0.50      0.63      0.48     0.47
Leptospirosis                                    0.02      0.02     0.04      0.03      0.02     0.02     0.02      0.02    .... + ........
Lyme disease                                   ............. ** ..................      3.80     0.12     3.20      5.01      4.49     6.21
Lymphogranuloma venereum                         0.13      0.07     0.08      0.10      0.19     0.10     0.10      0.10    .... + ........
Malaria                                          0.39      0.45     0.51      0.52      0.51     0.43     0.55      0.47      0.55     0.68
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Measles (rubeola)                                1.50      1.38     7.33     11.17      3.82     0.88     0.12      0.37      0.12     0.20
Meningococcal disease                            1.20      1.21     1.10      0.99      0.84     0.84     1.02      1.11      1.25     1.30
Mumps                                            5.43      2.05     2.34      2.17      1.72     1.03     0.66      0.60      0.35     0.29
Murine typhus fever                              0.02      0.02     0.02      0.02      0.02     0.01     0.01    .............. + ........
Pertussis (whooping cough)                       1.16      1.40     1.67      1.84      1.08     1.60     2.55      1.77      1.97     2.94
Plague                                           0.00      0.01     0.00      0.00      0.00     0.01     0.00      0.01      0.00     0.01
Poliomyelitis, paralytic                         0.00      0.00     0.00      0.00      0.00     0.00     0.00      0.00      0.00     0.01
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Psittacosis                                      0.04      0.05     0.05      0.05      0.04     0.04     0.02      0.02      0.03     0.02
Rabies, human                                    0.00      0.00     0.00      0.00      0.00     0.00     0.00      0.00      0.00     0.01
Rheumatic fever, acute                           0.13      0.14     0.13      0.09      0.12     0.06     0.08      0.09    .... + ........
Rocky Mountain spotted fever                     0.25      0.25     0.25      0.26      0.25     0.20     0.18      0.18      0.23     0.32
Rubella (German measles)                         0.13      0.09     0.16      0.45      0.56     0.06     0.07      0.09      0.05     0.10
Salmonellosis, excluding typhoid fever          20.92     19.91    19.26     19.54     19.10    16.04    16.15     16.64     17.66    17.15
Shigellosis                                      9.80     12.46    10.07     10.89      9.34     9.38    12.48     11.44     12.32     9.80
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Syphilis, primary and secondary                 14.54     16.43    18.07     20.10     17.26    13.70    10.40      8.10      6.30 &   4.29
  Total, all stages                             35.81     42.37    44.94     53.80     51.69    45.30    39.70     32.00     26.20 &  19.97
Tetanus                                          0.02      0.02     0.02      0.03      0.02     0.02     0.02      0.02      0.02     0.02
Toxic-shock syndrome                             0.15      0.16     0.16      0.13      0.11     0.10     0.08      0.10      0.07     0.06
Trichinosis                                      0.02      0.02     0.01      0.05      0.02     0.02     0.01      0.01      0.01     0.01
Tuberculosis                                     9.25      9.13     9.46     10.33     10.42    10.46     9.82      9.36      8.70     8.04
Tularemia                                        0.09      0.08     0.06      0.06      0.08     0.06     0.05      0.04    .... + ........
Typhoid fever                                    0.16      0.18     0.19      0.22      0.20     0.16     0.17      0.17      0.14     0.15
Varicella (chickenpox) &&                      136.68    122.43   121.77    120.06    135.82   176.54   118.54    135.76    118.11    44.13
Yellow fever                                     0.00      0.00     0.00      0.00      0.00     0.00     0.00      0.00      0.00     0.01
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTE: Rates <0.01 after rounding are listed as 0.00.

 * Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
 + No longer nationally notifiable.
 & DemoDetail 1991-1995 post-censal estimates were used to calculate 1996 rates.
 @ Chlamydia refers to genital infections caused by C. trachomatis.
** Not previously nationally notifiable.
++ Anti-HCV antibody test became available May 1990.
&& Not nationally notifiable.
===============================================================================================================================================

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Table_2
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TABLE 2. NOTIFIABLE DISEASES -- summary of reported cases, United States, 1989-1996
=====================================================================================================================================================
Disease                                           1989       1990      1991       1992      1993       1994      1995         1996
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AIDS                                            33,722     41,595    43,672     45,472   103,691     78,279    71,547       66,885 *
Amebiasis                                        3,217      3,328     2,989      2,942     2,970      2,983   ......... + ........
Anthrax                                              -          -         -          1         -          -         -            -
Aseptic meningitis                              10,274     11,852    14,526     12,223    12,848      8,932   ......... + ........
Botulism, total (including wound and unsp.)         89         92       114         91        97        143        97          119
  Foodborne                                         23         23        27         21        27         50        24           25
  Infant                                            60         65        81         66        65         85        54           80
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Brucellosis                                         95         85       104        105       120        119        98          112
Chancroid                                        4,692      4,212     3,476      1,886     1,399        773       606          386 &
Chlamydia @                                    ............................ ** ............................   477,638      498,884 &
Cholera                                              -          6        26        103        18         39        23            4
Diphtheria                                           3          4         5          4         -          2         -            2
Encephalitis, primary                              981      1,341     1,021        774       919        717   ......... + ........
  Post-infectious                                   88        105        82        129       170        143   ......... + ........
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Escherichia coli O157:H7                       ......................... ** ....................      1,420     2,139        2,741
Gonorrhea                                      733,151    690,169   620,478    501,409   439,673    418,068   392,848      325,883 &
Granuloma inguinale                                  7         97        29          6        19          3   ......... + ........
Haemophilus influenzae, invasive               .... ** ..........     2,764      1,412     1,419      1,174     1,180        1,170
Hansen disease (leprosy)                           163        198       154        172       187        136       144          112
Hemolytic uremic syndrome, post-diarrheal      ............................. ** ..................................................
Hepatitis A                                     35,821     31,441    24,378     23,112    24,238     26,796    31,582       31,032
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hepatitis B                                     23,419     21,102    18,003     16,126    13,361     12,517    10,805       10,637
Hepatitis, C/non-A, non-B ++                     2,529      2,553     3,582      6,010     4,786      4,470     4,576        3,716
Hepatitis, unspecified                           2,306      1,671     1,260        884       627        444   ......... + ........
Legionellosis                                    1,190      1,370     1,317      1,339     1,280      1,615     1,241        1,198
Leptospirosis                                       93         77        58         54        51         38   ......... + ........
Lyme disease                                   .... ** ..........     9,465      9,895     8,257     13,043    11,700       16,455
Lymphogranuloma venereum                           189        277       471        302       285        235   ......... + ........
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Malaria                                          1,277      1,292     1,278      1,087     1,411      1,229     1,419        1,800
Measles (rubeola)                               18,193     27,786     9,643      2,237       312        963       309          508
Meningococcal disease                            2,727      2,451     2,130      2,134     2,637      2,886     3,243        3,437
Mumps                                            5,712      5,292     4,264      2,572     1,692      1,537       906          751
Murine typhus fever                                 41         50        43         28        25   .................... + ........
Pertussis (whooping cough)                       4,157      4,570     2,719      4,083     6,586      4,617     5,137        7,796
Plague                                               4          2        11         13        10         17         9            5
Poliomyelitis, paralytic &&                         11          6        10          6         4          8         6            5
Psittacosis                                        116        113        94         92        60         38        64           42
Rabies, animal                                   4,724      4,826     6,910      8,589     9,377      8,147     7,811        6,982
Rabies, human                                        1          1         3          1         3          6         5            3
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rheumatic fever, acute                             144        108       127         75       112        112   ......... + ........
Rocky Mountain spotted fever                       623        651       628        502       456        465       590          831
Rubella (German measles)                           396      1,125     1,401        160       192        227       128          238
Rubella, congenital syndrome                         3         11        47         11         5          7         6            4
Salmonellosis, excluding typhoid fever          47,812     48,603    48,154     40,912    41,641     43,323    45,970       45,471
Shigellosis                                     25,010     27,077    23,548     23,931    32,198     29,769    32,080       25,978
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Syphilis, primary and secondary                 44,540     50,223    42,935     33,973    26,498     20,627    16,500       11,387 &
  Total, all stages                            110,797    134,255   128,569    112,581   101,259     81,696    68,953       52,976 &
Tetanus                                             53         64        57         45        48         51        41           36
Toxic-shock syndrome                               400        322       280        244       212        192       191          145
Trichinosis                                         30        129        62         41        16         32        29           11
Tuberculosis                                    23,495     25,701    26,283     26,673    25,313     24,361    22,860       21,337 @@
Tularemia                                          152        152       193        159       132         96   ......... + ........
Typhoid fever                                      460        552       501        414       440        441       369          396
Varicella (chickenpox) ***                     185,441    173,099   147,076    158,364   134,722    151,219   120,624       83,511
Yellow fever                                   ........................ +++ .................................................... 1
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  * The total number of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) cases includes all cases reported to the Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National
    Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHSTP) through December 31, 1996.
  + No longer nationally notifiable.
  & Cases were updated through the Division of Sexually Transmitted Diseases Prevention, NCHSTP, as of June 13, 1997.
  @ Chlamydia refers to genital infections caused by C. trachomatis.
 ** Not previously nationally notifiable.
 ++ Anti-HCV antibody test available May 1990.
 && Numbers may not reflect changes based on retrospective case evaluations or late reports (see MMWR 1986;35:180-2).
 @@ Cases were updated through the Division of TB Elimination, NCHSTP, as of May 28, 1997.
*** Varicella was taken off the nationally notifiable disease list in 1991.  Many states continue to report these cases to CDC.
@@@ Last indigenous case of Yellow Fever reported in 1911; Prior reported case of imported reported in 1924.
=====================================================================================================================================================

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Table_3
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TABLE 3. NOTIFIABLE DISEASES -- summary of reported cases, United States, 1981-1988
===========================================================================================================================================================================================
Disease                                           1981       1982      1983       1984      1985       1986      1987       1988
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AIDS *                                         ........ + .................      4,445     8,249     12,932    21,070     31,001
Amebiasis                                        6,632      7,304     6,658      5,252     4,433      3,532     3,123      2,860
Anthrax                                              -          -         -          1         -          -         1          2
Aseptic meningitis                               9,547      9,680    12,696      8,326    10,619     11,374    11,487      7,234
Botulism, total (including wound and unsp.)        103         97       133        123       122        109        82         84
  Foodborne                                     .............. & .....................        49         23        17         28
  Infant                                        .............. & .....................        70         79        59         50
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Brucellosis                                        185        173       200        131       153        106       129         96
Chancroid                                          850      1,392       847        665     2,067      3,756     4,998      5,001
Cholera                                             19          -         1          1         4         23         6          8
Diphtheria                                           5          2         5          1         3          -         3          2
Encephalitis, primary @                          1,492      1,464     1,761      1,257     1,376      1,302     1,418        882
  Post-infectious @                                 43         36        34        108       161        124       121        121
Gonorrhea                                      990,864    960,633   900,435    878,556   911,419    900,868   780,905    719,536
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Granuloma inguinale                                 66         17        24         30        44         61        22         11
Hansen disease (leprosy)                           256        250       259        290       361        270       238        184
Hepatitis A                                     25,802     23,403    21,532     22,040    23,210     23,430    25,280     28,507
Hepatitis B                                     21,152     22,177    24,318     26,115    26,611     26,107    25,916     23,177
Hepatitis, C/non-A, non-B @                    .... + ...........     3,470      3,871     4,184      3,634     2,999      2,619
Hepatitis, unspecified                          10,975      8,564     7,149      5,531     5,517      3,940     3,102      2,470
Legionellosis **                                   408        654       852        750       830        980     1,038      1,085
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Leptospirosis                                       82        100        61         40        57         41        43         54
Lymphogranuloma venereum                           263        235       335        170       226        396       303        185
Malaria                                          1,388      1,056       813      1,007     1,049      1,123       944      1,099
Measles (rubeola)                                3,124      1,714     1,497      2,587     2,822      6,282     3,655      3,396
Meningococcal disease                            3,525      3,056     2,736      2,746     2,479      2,594     2,930      2,964
Mumps                                            4,941      5,270     3,355      3,021     2,982      7,790    12,848      4,866
Murine typhus fever                                 61         58        62         53        37         67        49         54
Pertussis (whooping cough)                       1,248      1,895     2,463      2,276     3,589      4,195     2,823      3,450
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Plague                                              13         19        40         31        17         10        12         15
Poliomyelitis, total                                10         12        13          9   .................. ++ .................
   Paralytic                                        10         12        13          9         8         10         9          9
Psittacosis                                        136        152       142        172       119        224        98        114
Rabies, animal                                   7,118      6,212     5,878      5,567     5,565      5,504     4,658      4,651
Rabies, human                                        2          -         2          3         1          -         1          -
Rheumatic fever, acute                             264        137        88        117        90        147       141        158
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rocky Mountain spotted fever                     1,192        976     1,126        838       714        760       604        609
Rubella (German measles)                         2,077      2,325       970        752       630        551       306        225
Rubella, congenital syndrome                        19          7        22          5         -         14         5          6
Salmonellosis, excluding typhoid fever          39,990     40,936    44,250     40,861    65,347     49,984    50,916     48,948
Shigellosis                                     19,859     18,129    19,719     17,371    17,057     17,138    23,860     30,617
Syphilis, primary and secondary                 31,266     33,613    32,698     28,607    27,131     27,883    35,147     40,117
  Total, all stages                             72,799     75,579    74,637     69,888    67,563     68,215    86,545    103,437
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Tetanus                                             72         88        91         74        83         64        48         53
Toxic-shock syndrome                           ....... + ........       502        482       384        412       372        390
Trichinosis                                        206        115        45         68        61         39        40         45
Tuberculosis                                    27,373     25,520    23,846     22,255    22,201     22,768    22,517     22,436
Tularemia                                          288        275       310        291       177        170       214        201
Typhoid fever                                      584        425       507        390       402        362       400        436
Varicella (chickenpox)                         200,766    167,423   177,462    221,983   178,162    183,243   213,196    192,857
Yellow fever                                   ......................... && ....................................................
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
 + Not previously notifiable nationally.
 & Not reported as distinct categories during this period.
 @ Beginning in 1984, data reflect change in categories for tabulating encephalitis reports that were recorded by date of report to state health departments. Data for previous years are
   from surveillance records reported by onset date.
** Beginning in 1982, data were recorded by date of report to the state health department. Data for 1976-1981 are from surveillance records reported by onset date.
++ Categories other than paralytic are no longer reported.
&& Last indigenous case of yellow fever was reported in 1911; before 1996, the last imported case was reported in 1924.
===========================================================================================================================================================================================

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Table_4
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TABLE 4. NOTIFIABLE DISEASES -- summary of reported cases, United States, 1973-1980
===============================================================================================================================================
Disease                                           1973       1974      1975         1976        1977         1978         1979        1980
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Amebiasis                                        2,235      2,743     2,775        2,906       3,044        3,937        4,107       5,271
Anthrax                                              2          2         2            2           -            6            -           1
Aseptic meningitis                               4,846      3,197     4,475        3,510       4,789        6,573        8,754       8,028
Botulism, total (including wound and unsp.)         34         28        20           55         129          105           45          89
Brucellosis                                        202        240       310          296         232          179          215         183
Chancroid                                        1,165        945       700          628         455          521          840         788
Cholera                                              1          -         -            -           3           12            1           9
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Diphtheria                                         228        272       307          128          84           76           59 *         3
Encephalitis, primary                            1,613      1,164     4,064        1,651       1,414        1,351        1,504       1,362
  Post-infectious                                  354        218       237          175         119           78           84          40
Gonorrhea                                      842,621    906,121   999,937    1,001,994   1,002,219    1,013,436    1,004,058   1,004,029
Granuloma inguinale                                 62         47        60           71          75           72           76          51
Hansen disease (leprosy)                           146        118       162          145         151          168          185         223
Hepatitis A                                     50,749     40,358    35,855       33,288      31,153       29,500       30,407      29,087
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hepatitis B                                      8,451     10,631    13,121       14,973      16,831       15,016       15,452      19,015
Hepatitis, unspecified                               +      8,351     7,158        7,488       8,639        8,776       10,534      11,894
Legionellosis                                  ........ + .................          235          359         761          593         475
Leptospirosis                                       57         68        93           73          71          110           94          85
Lymphogranuloma venereum                           408        394       353          365         348          284          250         199
Malaria                                            237        293       373          471         547          731          894       2,062
Measles (rubeola)                               26,690     22,094    24,374       41,126      57,345       26,871       13,597      13,506
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Meningococcal disease                            1,378      1,346     1,478        1,605       1,828        2,505        2,724       2,840
Mumps                                           69,612     59,128    59,647       38,492      21,436       16,817       14,225       8,576
Murine typhus fever                                 32         26        41           69          75           46           69          81
Pertussis (whooping cough)                       1,759      2,402     1,738        1,010       2,177        2,063        1,623       1,730
Plague                                               2          8        20           16          18           12           13          18
Poliomyelitis, total                                 8          7        13           10          19            8           22           9
  Paralytic &                                        7          7        13           10          19            8           22           9
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Psittacosis                                         33        164        49           78          94          140          137         124
Rabies, animal                                   3,640      3,151     2,627        3,073       3,130        3,254        5,119       6,421
Rabies, human                                        1          -         2            2           2            4            4           -
Rheumatic fever, acute                           2,560      2,431     2,854        1,865       1,738          851          629         432
Rocky Mountain spotted fever                       668        754       844          937       1,153        1,063        1,070       1,163
Rubella (German measles)                        27,804     11,917    16,652       12,491      20,395       18,269       11,795       3,904
Rubella, congenital syndrome                        35         45        30           30          23           30           62          50
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Salmonellosis, excluding typhoid fever          23,818     21,980    22,612       22,937      27,850       29,410       33,138      33,715
Shigellosis                                     22,642     22,600    16,584       13,140      16,052       19,511       20,135      19,041
Syphilis, primary and secondary                 24,825     25,385    25,561       23,731      20,399       21,656       24,874      27,204
  Total, all stages                             87,469     83,771    80,356       71,761      64,621       64,875       67,049      68,832
Tetanus                                            101        101       102           75          87           86           81          95
Trichinosis                                        102        120       252          115         143           67          157         131
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Tuberculosis @                                  30,998     30,122    33,989       32,105      30,145       28,521       27,669      27,749
Tularemia                                          171        144       129          157         165          141          196         234
Typhoid fever                                      680        437       375          419         398          505          528         510
Varicella (chickenpox)                         182,927    141,495   154,248      183,990     188,396      154,089      199,081     190,894
Yellow fever                                   ........................ ** ...............................................................
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * Cutaneous diphtheria is no longer nationally notifiable.
 + Not previously notifiable nationally.
 & No cases with paralytic poliomyelitis due to wild-virus have been reported in the United States since 1979.
 @ Case data subsequent to 1974 are not comparable with earlier years because of changes in reporting criteria that became effective in 1975.
** Last indigenous case of yellow fever was reported in 1911; before 1996, the last imported case was reported in 1924.
===============================================================================================================================================

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Table_5
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TABLE 5. NOTIFIABLE DISEASES -- summary of reported cases, United States, 1967-1972
========================================================================================================================
Disease                                           1967       1968      1969       1970      1971       1972
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Amebiasis                                        3,157      3,005     2,915      2,888     2,752      2,199
Anthrax                                              2          3         4          2         5          2
Aseptic meningitis                               3,082      4,494     3,672      6,480     5,176      4,634
Botulism                                             5          7        16         12        25         22
Brucellosis                                        265        218       235        213       183        196
Chancroid                                          784        845     1,104      1,416     1,320      1,414
Cholera                                              -          -         -          -         1          -
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Diphtheria                                         219        260       241        435       215        152
Encephalitis, primary                            1,478      1,781     1,613      1,580     1,524      1,059
  Post-infectious                                1,060        502       304        370       439        243
Gonorrhea                                      404,836    464,543   534,872    600,072   670,268    767,215
Granuloma inguinale                                154        156       154        124        89         81
Hansen disease (leprosy)                            81        123        98        129       131        130
Hepatitis A (infectious)                        38,909     45,893    48,416     56,797    59,606     54,074
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hepatitis B (serum)                              2,458      4,829     5,909      8,310     9,556      9,402
Leptospirosis                                       67         69        89         47        62         41
Lymphogranuloma venereum                           371        485       520        612       692        756
Malaria                                          2,022      2,317     3,102      3,051     2,375        742
Measles (rubeola)                               62,705     22,231    25,826     47,351    75,290     32,275
Meningococcal disease                            2,161      2,623     2,951      2,505     2,262      1,323
Mumps                                                *    152,209    90,918    104,953   124,939     74,215
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Murine typhus fever                                 52         36        36         27        23         18
Pertussis (whooping cough)                       9,718      4,810     3,285      4,249     3,036      3,287
Plague                                               3          3         5         13         2          1
Poliomyelitis, total                                41         53        20         33        21         31
  Paralytic                                         40         53        18         31        17         29
Psittacosis                                         41         43        57         35        32         52
Rabies, animal                                   4,481      3,591     3,490      3,224     4,310      4,369
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rabies, human                                        2          1         1          3         2          2
Rheumatic fever, acute                           3,985      3,470     3,229      3,227     2,793      2,614
Rocky Mountain spotted fever                       305        298       498        380       432        523
Rubella (German measles)                        46,888     49,371    57,686     56,552    45,086     25,507
Rubella, congenital syndrome                        10         14        31         77        68         42
Salmonellosis, excluding typhoid fever          18,120     16,514    18,419     22,096    21,928     22,151
Shigellosis                                     13,474     12,180    11,946     13,845    16,143     20,207
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Streptococcal sore throat and scarlet fever    453,351    435,013   450,008    433,405   ........... + ....
Syphilis, primary and secondary                 21,053     19,019    19,130     21,982    23,783     24,429
   Total, all stages                           102,581     96,271    92,162     91,382    95,997     91,149
Tetanus                                            263        178       192        148       116        128
Trichinosis                                         66         77       215        109       103         89
Tuberculosis                                    45,647     42,623    39,120     37,137    35,217     32,882
Tularemia                                          184        186       149        172       187        152
Typhoid fever                                      396        395       364        346       407        398
Varicella (chickenpox)                         ........................ * ......................    164,114
Yellow fever                                   ........................ & .................................
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Not previously notifiable nationally.
+ No longer nationally notifiable.
& Last indigenous case of yellow fever was reported in 1911; before 1996, the last imported case was reported in 1924.
========================================================================================================================

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Table_6
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TABLE 6. NOTIFIABLE DISEASES -- deaths from selected diseases, United States, 1986-1995
===========================================================================================================================================================================================
Cause of Death                                     ICD *      1986     1987      1988     1989     1990      1991     1992      1993     1994      1995
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AIDS +                                         *042-*044    10,900   13,468    16,602   22,082   25,188    29,555   33,566    37,267   42,114    43,115
Amebiasis                                            006         8        9         7        4        5         5        6         6        2         4
Anthrax                                              022         -        -         -        -        -         -        -         -        -         -
Aseptic meningitis                                 047.9        41       28        37       36       50        47       37        33       30        22
Botulism, foodborne                                005.1         1        -         1        2        4         2        1         -        -         2
Brucellosis                                          023         1        1         2        -        -         -        -         1        -         1
Chancroid                                          099.0         -        -         -        -        -         1        -         -        -         -
Cholera                                              001         -        1         -        -        2         2        2         -        1         -
Diphtheria                                           032         -        1         -        -        1         -        1         -        -         1
Encephalitis, Eastern equine                       062.2         2        -         -        1        1         1        1         1        -         1
Encephalitis, California                           062.5         -        1         -        -        -         -        -         -        -         -
Encephalitis, St. Louis                            062.3         2        2         -        -       13         9        2         1        3         6
Encephalitis, Western equine                       062.1         -        1         -        -        -         -        -         -        -         -
Gonococcal infections                                098         7        7         3        4        3         3        4         5        3         3
Haemophilus influenzae, invasive                   041.5        21       25        25       16       16        17       16         7        5        12
Hansen disease (leprosy)                             030         1        1         -        4        3         -        2         1        3         2
Hepatitis, viral, infectious (Hep A)         070.0,070.1        65       77        70       88       76        71       82        95       97       142
Hepatitis, viral, serum (Hep B)              070.2,070.3       557      595       621      711      816       912      903     1,041    1,120     1,027
Hepatitis, viral, other and unsp.            070.4-070.9       384      510       599      717      686       857    1,016     1,353    1,844     2,231
Lymphogranuloma venereum                           099.1         -        -         -        2        2         1        -         2        -         -
Malaria                                              084         5        5         7       11        3         4        8        12        3         8
Measles (rubeola)                                    055         2        2         3       32       64        27        4         -        -         2
Meningococcal disease                                036       286      258       278      273      215       198      201       260      276       273
Mumps                                                072         -        2         2        3        1         1        -         -        -         -
Murine typhus fever                                081.0         -        -         -        1        -         -        -         -        -         -
Pertussis (whooping cough)                           033         6        1         4       12       12         -        5         7        8         6
Plague                                               020         -        1         -        -        -         -        1         2        2         1
Poliomyelitis, total                         045.0-045.9         -        -         1        -        -         1        -         -        -         1
Psittacosis                                          073         -        2         1        1        2         -        4         1        -         -
Rabies, human                                        071         -        1         -        1        1         3        1         1        3         3
Rheumatic fever, acute                           390-392        60       42        76       70       66        89      100       153      191       159
Rubella (German measles)                             056         1        -         1        4        8         1        1         -        -         1
Salmonellosis, incl.paratyphoid fever    002.1-002.9,003       102      105        66       99       80        53       47        52       49        66
Shigellosis                                          004         4       13         8       16       10        10        8         5       13         8
Spotted fevers                                     082.0        19       21        20       10       20        13       13         5        9         8
Syphilis                                         090-097        80       98        85      105      106        93       91        80       79        65
Tetanus                                              037        22       16        17        9       11        11        9        11        9         5
Trichinosis                                          124         -        -         -        1        -         -        -         -        -         -
Tuberculosis (all forms)                         010-018     1,782    1,755     1,921    1,970    1,810     1,713    1,705     1,631    1,478     1,336
Tularemia                                            021         4        4         2        1        1         2        3         -        -         2
Typhoid fever                                      002.0         2        2         -        -        1         1        -         -        1         -
Varicella (chickenpox)                               052        47       89        83       89      120        81      100       100      124       115
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Numbers in ICD column refer to the category numbers listed in the Ninth Revision of the International Classification of Diseases, 1994. (The asterisks in the ICD column pertain to the
  ICD code, not a footnote. They indicate that the numbers are not part of the ICD but were introduced for use in the United States.)
+ For 1983-1986, deaths are estimated from death certificates that mention conditions coded to deficiency of cell-mediated immunity (ICD-9 No. 279.1). These numbers include other
  human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related deaths and other diseases classifiable as deficiencies of cell-mediated immunity.

Source: National Center for Health Statistics System, 1986-1995. Deaths are classified according to the Ninth Revision, ICD.
===========================================================================================================================================================================================

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