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Abortion Surveillance -- United States, 1993 and 1994Lisa M. Koonin, M.N., M.P.H., Jack C. Smith, M.S., Merrell Ramick, Lilo T. Strauss, M.A., Frederick W. Hopkins, M.D., M.P.H. Division of Reproductive Health National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion Abstract Condition: From 1991 through 1994, the number of legal induced abortions reported to CDC declined each year by less than or equal to 5% from the number reported for the preceding year. Reporting Period Covered: This report summarizes and reviews information reported to CDC regarding legal induced abortions obtained in the United States during 1993 and 1994. This analysis also includes recently reported abortion-related deaths that occurred during 1991. Description of System: For each year since 1969, CDC has compiled abortion data received from 52 reporting areas: 50 states, the District of Columbia, and New York City. Results: In 1993, 1,330,414 legal abortions were reported to CDC, representing a 2.1% decrease from the number reported for 1992; in 1994, 1,267,415 abortions were reported, representing a 4.7% decrease from the number for 1993. In 1993 and 1994, the abortion ratio was 334 and 321 legal induced abortions per 1,000 live births, respectively. In 1993, the abortion rate was 22 per 1,000 women aged 15-44 years; in 1994, this rate declined to 21 per 1,000 women. Women who were undergoing an abortion were more likely to be young, white, and unmarried; most were obtaining an abortion for the first time. More than half of all abortions (52%-54%) were performed at less than or equal to 8 weeks of gestation, and approximately 88% were before 13 weeks. Approximately 15%-16% of abortions were performed at less than or equal to 6 weeks of gestation, 16% were performed at 7 weeks, and 22% at 8 weeks. Younger women (i.e., women aged less than or equal to 19 years) were more likely to obtain abortions later in pregnancy than were older women. In 1991, 12 women died as a result of induced abortion: 11 of these deaths were related to legal abortion and one to illegal abortion. During 1991, the case-fatality rate of legal induced abortion was 0.8 abortion-related deaths per 100,000 legal induced abortions. Interpretation: Since 1990, the number of abortions has declined each year. Since 1987, the abortion-to-live-birth ratio also has declined; in 1994, it was the lowest recorded since 1977. This decrease in the abortion ratio reflected the lower proportion of pregnant women who obtained an induced abortion. As in previous years, deaths related to legal induced abortions occurred rarely (i.e., approximately one death per 100,000 legal induced abortions). Actions Taken: The number and characteristics of women who obtain abortions in the United States should continue to be monitored so that trends in induced abortion can be assessed, efforts to prevent unintended pregnancy can be evaluated, and the preventable causes of morbidity and mortality associated with abortions can be identified and reduced. INTRODUCTION In 1969, CDC began abortion surveillance to document the number and characteristics of women obtaining legal induced abortions, monitor unintended pregnancy, and assist efforts to identify and reduce preventable causes of morbidity and mortality associated with abortions. This report is based primarily on abortion data for 1993 and 1994 provided to CDC's National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Division of Reproductive Health. METHODS For 1993 and 1994, CDC compiled data from 52 reporting areas: 50 states, the District of Columbia, and New York City. The total number of legal induced abortions was available from all reporting areas; however, not all these areas collected information regarding the characteristics of women who obtained abortions, and the number of states reporting each characteristic differed. States were excluded from the analysis if data regarding a given characteristic were unknown for greater than 15% of women. For 47 reporting areas, data concerning the number and characteristics of legal induced abortions were provided from the central health agency *; for the other five areas, data concerning the number of abortions were provided from hospitals and other medical facilities. Because information concerning the residence of women who obtained abortions was not available from some states, the procedures were reported by the state in which they were performed. However, two reporting areas (the District of Columbia and Wisconsin) reported abortions by state of residence; occurrence data were unavailable for those areas. For the analysis of age, women who obtained legal induced abortions were grouped by 5-year age groups. Both ratios (i.e., the number of abortions per 1,000 live births per year) and rates (the number of abortions per 1,000 women per year) are presented by age group in this report. Ratios were calculated by using the number of live births provided by each state's central health agency (except where noted), and rates were calculated by using the number of women reported in special unpublished tabulations provided by the U.S. Bureau of the Census. Because almost all (94%) abortions among women less than 15 years of age are obtained by those aged 13-14 years (1), the population of women aged 13-14 years was used as the denominator for calculating abortion rates for women aged less than 15 years. Rates for women aged greater than or equal to 40 years were based on the number of women aged 40-44 years, whereas rates for all women who obtained abortions were based on the population of women aged 15-44 years. Race was categorized by either three groups (i.e., a} white, b} black, and c} all other races) or two groups (i.e., a} white and b} black and all other races). "Other" races included Asian/Pacific Islander, Native American/Alaskan Native, and women classified as "other" race. In 1990, data regarding Hispanic ethnicity were first available on abortion reports submitted by central health agencies to CDC. For the purposes of this surveillance system, Hispanic ethnicity and race were evaluated separately. For the analysis of abortions by race, women of Hispanic ethnicity were categorized as white. Marital status was reported as either married (which included women who were married or separated) or unmarried (which usually included those who were unmarried, divorced, or widowed). Reporting of marital status differed somewhat by state, particularly for the data used as denominators to calculate abortion ratios by marital status; therefore, abortion ratios by marital status should be interpreted cautiously. Most areas that reported week of gestation at the time of abortion also reported procedures obtained at less than or equal to 8 weeks of gestation (38 of 41 in 1993 and 38 of 40 in 1994). Gestational age (in weeks) at the time of abortion was reported by most areas from estimates derived from the time elapsed since the woman's last menstrual period. In 10 states in 1993 and 17 states in 1994, gestational age was reported on the basis of the physician's estimate, which could have included information from the clinical examination as well as the time elapsed since the last menstrual period. CDC periodically has reported information concerning abortion-related deaths; the first year for which such data were available was 1972 (2). Sources for obtaining such information included national and state vital records, maternal mortality review committees, surveys, private citizens, the media, health-care providers, and medical examiner reports. For each reported case, clinical records and autopsy reports were requested and reviewed by a medical epidemiologist to determine the cause of death and verify that the death was abortion-related. An abortion-related death was defined as a death resulting from a) a direct complication of an abortion, b) an indirect complication caused by the chain of events initiated by the abortion, or c) aggravation of a preexisting condition by the physiologic or psychologic effects of the abortion. Each abortion-related death was then categorized as legal induced, illegal induced, spontaneous, or unknown. Deaths that did not satisfy the criteria of the case definition were classified as not abortion-related. * Legal induced abortion was defined as a procedure, performed by a licensed physician or someone acting under the supervision of a licensed physician, that was intended to terminate a suspected or known intrauterine pregnancy and to produce a nonviable fetus at any gestational age (3,4). Before 1978, no gestational age criteria were specified for classifying spontaneous abortion-related deaths. For the reporting year 1978, CDC defined spontaneous abortion as occurring before the completion of the twentieth menstrual week (4). A detailed review of all spontaneous abortion-related deaths during 1978-1989 resulted in the identification of seven deaths that had occurred at greater than or equal to 20 weeks of gestation; these deaths were reclassified as not abortion-related. Included in this report are a) abortion-related deaths that occurred during 1991 and b) updated totals for spontaneous abortion-related deaths for 1979, 1980, 1982, 1984, 1988, and 1989 (2,5). Case-fatality rates were calculated for legal induced abortion-related deaths per 100,000 legal induced abortions. Trends in case-fatality rates for legal induced abortion for 1972-1991 are reported. RESULTS For 1993, 1,330,414 legal induced abortions were reported to CDC, representing a 2.1% decrease from the number reported for 1992 (5); for 1994, 1,267,415 abortions were reported, representing a 4.7% decrease from the number for 1993 (Table_1). In contrast, from 1970 through 1982, the reported number of legal abortions in the United States had increased every year (Table_2), (Figure_1); the largest percentage increase occurred from 1970 to 1971. From 1976 through 1982, the annual increase declined continuously and reached a low of 0.2% for both 1981 and 1982. From 1983 through 1990, the number of abortions increased again, although year-to-year fluctuations were less than or equal to 5%. From 1991 through 1994, the annual number of abortions decreased each year. The legal induced abortion ratio increased from 1970 to 1980, peaked at 364 abortions per 1,000 live births in 1984, and began to decline steadily after 1987 (to 334 per 1,000 in 1993 and to 321 per 1,000 in 1994) (Figure_1), (Table_2). The legal induced abortion rate increased from five abortions per 1,000 women aged 15-44 years in 1970 to 25 per 1,000 in 1980. From 1981 through 1992, the rate remained stable at 23-24 abortions per 1,000 women, then declined to 22 in 1993 and to 21 in 1994. In 1993 and 1994, as in previous years, most legal induced abortions were performed in California, Florida, New York City, and Texas; the fewest were performed in Idaho, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wyoming (Table_3) and (Table_4)) (2,6,7). For women whose state of residence was known, approximately 91% had obtained the abortion within the state in which they resided. In 1994, the percentage of abortions obtained by out-of-state residents ranged from approximately 52%-54% in the District of Columbia to less than 1% in Hawaii. For both 1993 and 1994, nine reporting areas did not provide data concerning abortions obtained by out-of-state residents. Women aged 20-24 years obtained approximately one third (34% in 1993 and 33% in 1994) of all abortions; women aged less than 15 years obtained less than 1% of all abortions (Table_5) and (Table_6). Abortion ratios were highest for women in the youngest (i.e., less than 15 years and 15-19 years) and the oldest (greater than or equal to 40 years) age groups (Figure_2). The abortion ratio for women aged less than 15 years was 744 abortions per 1,000 live births in 1993 and 704 per 1,000 in 1994. The ratio for women aged 15-19 years (440 and 415 abortions per 1,000 live births in 1993 and 1994, respectively) was similar to that for women aged greater than or equal to 40 years (430 and 412 abortions per 1,000 live births in 1993 and 1994, respectively). The ratio was lowest for women aged 30-34 years (180 and 172 abortions per 1,000 live births in 1993 and 1994, respectively). Among adolescents, the abortion ratio was highest for those aged less than 15 years and lowest for those aged 19 years (Table_7) and (Table_8). Abortion rates were highest for women aged 20-24 years (42 abortions per 1,000 women in 1993 and 39 per 1,000 in 1994) and lowest for women at the reproductive-age extremes (i.e., for women aged less than 15 years, three abortions per 1,000 women in 1993 and two per 1,000 in 1994; for women aged greater than or equal to 40 years, two abortions per 1,000 women in 1993 and 1994) (Table_5) and (Table_6). For women in most age groups, the abortion ratio increased from 1974 through the early to mid-1980s and declined thereafter, particularly for the youngest and oldest reproductive-aged women (Figure_3). The abortion ratios for women aged less than 15 years have been higher than for the other age groups. In 1994, the abortion ratio decreased for women aged 15-19 years and was the lowest ever recorded for that age group. The abortion ratio for women aged 20-34 years (i.e., the group with the highest fertility rate) has remained stable since the mid-1980s (8). During 1993 and 1994, approximately 51%-53% of reported legal induced abortions were obtained at less than or equal to 8 weeks of gestation, and about 86% were obtained at less than 13 weeks (Table_9) and (Table_10). In 1993 and 1994, approximately 14%-15% of abortions were performed at less than or equal to 6 weeks of gestation, approximately 16% at 7 weeks, and approximately 21% at 8 weeks (Table_11) and (Table_12). Few abortions were provided after 15 weeks of gestation -- approximately 4% of abortions were obtained at 16-20 weeks, and 1.2%-1.3% were obtained at greater than or equal to 21 weeks (Figure_4). During both 1993 and 1994, approximately 98% of legal induced abortions were performed by curettage, and less than 1% by intrauterine saline or prostaglandin instillation (Table_13 and Table_14). Hysterectomy and hysterotomy seldom were used; less than 0.01% of abortions were performed by using these methods. As in previous years, approximately 60% of women who obtained legal induced abortions were white (Table_15) and (Table_16) (2,6). Abortion ratios for black women were 552 abortions per 1,000 live births in 1993 and 538 per 1,000 in 1994; these ratios were almost 2.5 times the ratios for white women (231 abortions per 1,000 live births in 1993 and 217 per 1,000 in 1994). Abortion ratios for women of other races (310 abortions per 1,000 live births in 1993 and 325 per 1,000 in 1994) were approximately 1.3-1.5 times the ratios for white women. In addition, abortion rates for black women (43 and 40 abortions per 1,000 black women in 1993 and 1994, respectively) were approximately three times the rates for white women (15 and 13 abortions per 1,000 white women in 1993 and 1994, respectively). Twenty-one states in 1993 and 22 states in 1994, the District of Columbia, and New York City * reported information concerning the Hispanic ethnicity of women who obtained legal induced abortions (Table_17) and (Table_18). The percentage of abortions obtained by Hispanic women in these reporting areas ranged from less than 1% in several states to approximately 39%-40% in New Mexico. For Hispanic women in these reporting areas, the abortion ratio was 289 abortions per 1,000 live births in 1993 and 278 per 1,000 in 1994 -- slightly lower than the ratio for non-Hispanics in the same areas (309 and 290 abortions per 1,000 live births in 1993 and 1994, respectively). However, the abortion rate per 1,000 Hispanic women (30 abortions per 1,000 women in 1993 and 29 per 1,000 in 1994) was greater than the rate per 1,000 non-Hispanic women (20 per 1,000 women in 1993 and 18 per 1,000 in 1994). Seventy-seven to 78 percent of women who obtained abortions were unmarried (Table_19) and (Table_20)). Abortion ratios for unmarried women were approximately nine times the ratios for married women (789 vs. 84 abortions per 1,000 live births in 1993, and 689 vs. 79 in 1994). Approximately 45%-46% of women who obtained legal induced abortions had had no previous live births, and about 88%-89% had had two or fewer previous live births (Table_21) and (Table_22). The abortion ratio in 1994 was highest for women who had had no previous live births and women who had had two previous live births. The ratio was lowest for women who had had one previous live birth. In 1993 and 1994, approximately 54% of women who obtained a legal abortion were doing so for the first time. Approximately 17%-18% of women who obtained a legal abortion had had at least two previous legal abortions (Table_23) and (Table_24). The age distribution of women who obtained a legal abortion differed only slightly by race (Table_25) and (Table_26). However, for women of black or other races, the percentage who were less than 15 years of age, although small (1.2%), was twice the percentage for white women (0.6%). The percentage of women of black or other races who were unmarried (82% in 1993 and 83% in 1994) also was slightly higher than the percentage of white women (77% in 1993 and 78% in 1994). Few differences were found by age and Hispanic ethnicity (Table_27) and (Table_28). Of those women who obtained an abortion, a slightly higher percentage of non-Hispanic women were unmarried in comparison with Hispanic women. Most women (88%) obtained an abortion during the first 12 weeks of pregnancy; however, adolescents (i.e., women aged less than or equal to 19 years) were more likely than older women to obtain abortions later in pregnancy (Table_29) and (Table_30). The percentage of women who obtained an abortion early in pregnancy (i.e., at less than or equal to 8 weeks of gestation) increased with age. The percentage who obtained an abortion late in pregnancy (at greater than or equal to 16 weeks of gestation) decreased with age for women up to 25-29 years of age, and then remained stable for women in older age groups (Figure_5). Black women were more likely to obtain an abortion later in pregnancy than were white women or women of other races (Table_29) and (Table_30). Although Hispanic women were slightly more likely than non-Hispanic women to have had an abortion at less than or equal to 8 weeks of gestation, the overall differences between Hispanic and non-Hispanic women in the timing of abortions were minimal (Table_29) (Table_30) (Table_31) and (Table_32). More than 99% of abortions at less than or equal to 12 weeks of gestation were performed by using curettage (primarily suction procedures) (Table_33) and (Table_34). After 12 weeks of gestation, the most frequently used procedure also was curettage, although it usually was reported as dilatation and evacuation (D&E). About the same proportion of intrauterine instillations involved the use of saline or prostaglandin; these procedures were used primarily at greater than or equal to 16 weeks of gestation. CDC received reports of 32 possible abortion-related deaths for 1991 (i.e., the most recent year for which such data were available). A review of these cases indicated that 18 of the 32 women died from abortion-related causes (Table_35). Eleven of the deaths were associated with legal induced abortion; one death, illegal induced abortion; and six deaths, spontaneous abortion. Possible abortion-related deaths that occurred during 1992-1994 are being investigated. All deaths reported to CDC for 1972-1990 that had been classified as "spontaneous abortion-related" were reviewed. Seven of these deaths had occurred during 1979-1989 among women at greater than or equal to 20 weeks of gestation. Because these deaths did not meet the criteria for spontaneous abortion-related deaths, they were reclassified as not abortion-related (i.e., pregnancy-related). The case-fatality rate for legal induced abortion in 1991 was 0.8 deaths per 100,000 legal abortions. During 1980-1991, annual case-fatality rates for legal induced abortion-related deaths were less than or equal to 1.2 deaths per 100,000 legal induced abortions (Table_35) , (Figure_6). DISCUSSION In the United States, the annual number of abortions has decreased each year since 1990 (i.e., the year in which the number of abortions was highest) (Table_2)) (2,6,7). In 1994, the national abortion-to-live-birth ratio was the lowest recorded since 1976. The abortion ratio had increased steadily from 1970 through 1980, decreased slightly during 1981-1983, increased to its highest level in 1984, then remained fairly stable until 1987, before beginning to decline (Table_2 , (Figure_1). This decline in the abortion-to-live-birth ratio probably resulted from several complex factors, such as reduced access to abortion services, changes in contraceptive practices, attitudinal changes concerning abortion and/or carrying unplanned pregnancies to term, and the decreased number of unintended pregnancies (9-12). Induced abortion rates in the United States for 1993-1994 were a) higher than rates reported previously by Australia and Western European countries and b) lower than rates reported by China, Cuba, Eastern European countries, and the New Independent States of the former Soviet Union (13). In addition, for 1994, the legal induced abortion rate in Canada was exactly half the rate in the United States (10.5 abortions per 1,000 women aged 15-44 years vs. 21 per 1,000, respectively), and the abortion-to-live-birth ratio in Canada also was approximately half the ratio in the United States (186 abortions per 1,000 live births vs. 321 per 1,000, respectively) (14). Both abortion rates and birth rates among teenagers have been higher in the United States than in most Western European countries and some Eastern European countries (15). As in previous years, the abortion ratio in 1993 and 1994 differed substantially by age (2,6). Although the abortion ratio was highest for adolescents, the percentage of legal induced abortions obtained by women aged less than or equal to 19 years decreased steadily from the mid-1980s through 1994 (i.e., from 26% in 1984 to 22% in 1990 and to 20% in 1994) (7,16). Since 1980, the abortion ratio has declined for most age groups -- particularly for women aged less than or equal to 19 years and greater than or equal to 35 years. In 1994, the abortion ratio for women aged 15-19 years was the lowest ratio CDC had ever recorded for that age group. Other studies indicated a decrease in pregnancies among women aged 15-19 years during 1991-1992 (17). Factors such as an overall decrease in the number of abortions, changing access to abortion services (10), and ongoing changes in abortion laws (e.g., parental consent or notification laws and mandatory waiting periods) -- all of which are likely to disproportionately affect adolescents -- could have affected this decline in the abortion ratio (18,19). In 1993 and 1994, the abortion ratio for black women was more than twice the ratio for white women, and this differential has increased since 1986. In addition, the abortion rate for black women was approximately three times the rate for white women. Race-specific differences in legal induced abortion ratios and rates may reflect differences in factors such as socioeconomic status, contraceptive use, incidence of unintended pregnancies, and access to family planning and contraceptive services. The abortion-to-live-birth ratio for Hispanic women during 1993 and 1994 was slightly lower than that for non-Hispanic women. Other published reports indicate that pregnant Hispanic women are less likely than pregnant non-Hispanic women to obtain an abortion (20). However, the abortion rate per 1,000 Hispanic women was higher than the rate for non-Hispanic women, a finding that is consistent with several previously published reports (20,21). For women in all age groups, fertility was higher for Hispanic than for non-Hispanic women (8). For 1994, a total of 34 states, the District of Columbia, and New York City reported Hispanic ethnicity of women who obtained abortions. Because of concerns regarding the completeness of such information in some states, data from only 22 states, the District of Columbia, and New York City were evaluated to determine the number and percentage of abortions obtained by women of Hispanic ethnicity. These geographical areas represented approximately 44% of all reproductive-aged Hispanic women in the United States during 1994 (CDC, unpublished data). One published report of a study that used abortion data obtained from CDC also suggests that the number of Hispanic women who obtain abortions may be underestimated (21). Thus, the number, ratio, and rate of abortions for Hispanic women in this surveillance summary might not be representative of the overall Hispanic population in the United States (i.e., these data might reflect utilization of abortion services only in the states used for this analysis). The percentage distribution of abortions by gestational age was stable from 1980 through 1994, with slight increases toward the earliest and latest gestational ages (Table_1). Since 1992, most reporting areas have reported gestational age, in weeks of gestation, for abortions performed at less than or equal to 8 weeks (2). These data will assist in monitoring trends in legal abortions as new medical and surgical methods of terminating pregnancy are implemented, because these new methods are primarily for termination of pregnancies at less than or equal to 8 weeks of gestation (22-25). In this and previous reports, age was inversely associated with timing of abortion (2,26,27). Younger women were more likely to obtain an abortion later in gestation than were older women. From 1972 to 1994, the percentage of abortions performed by curettage (which includes D&E) increased from 89% to 99% ((Table_1|)), and the percentage of abortions performed by intrauterine instillation and by hysterectomy and hysterotomy declined sharply (from 10% to 0.5% and from 0.6% to less than 0.01%, respectively). From 1974 through 1994, the percentage of second-trimester abortions performed by D&E increased from 31% to 94%; the percentage of second-trimester abortions performed by intrauterine instillation decreased from 57% to 4% (28). The increasing reliance on D&E probably has resulted from the lower risk for complications associated with the procedure (29,30). Since CDC's surveillance of abortion mortality began in 1972, the annual number of deaths associated with legal induced abortion has decreased by 54% (as of 1991) (31). In 1972, 63 women died as a result of induced abortion. Of those deaths, 24 were associated with legal abortion and 39 with illegal abortion. In 1991, 12 women died as a result of induced abortion: 11 of these deaths were associated with legal abortion and one with illegal abortion. The case-fatality rate decreased approximately 80% between 1972 (4.1 deaths per 100,000 legal induced abortions) and 1991 (0.8 deaths per 100,000 legal induced abortions). These rates, consistent with previously published data for the 1970s and mid-1980s (32-34) indicated that the risk for death from legal induced abortion continues to be extremely low. The numbers, ratios, and rates of abortion from this analysis are conservative estimates because the numbers of legal abortions reported to CDC for 1993 and 1994 were probably lower than the numbers actually performed. Totals provided by central health agencies are often lower than those obtained by direct surveys of abortion providers (2). For example, the total number of abortions reported to CDC for 1992 * was approximately 11% lower than that reported by The Alan Guttmacher Institute (AGI), a private organization that directly contacts abortion providers to obtain information concerning the number of abortions performed (11). However, since 1987, there has been a decrease in the percentage difference in the number of abortions reported to AGI compared with the number reported to CDC. In addition, not all states collected and/or reported information (e.g., age, race, and gestational age) concerning women who obtained a legal induced abortion during 1993 and 1994; therefore, the numbers, percentages, rates, and ratios derived from this analysis may not be representative of all women who obtained abortions in those years. Despite these limitations, findings from ongoing national surveillance of legal induced abortion are used for several purposes. First, data from abortion surveillance are used to identify characteristics of women at high risk for unintended pregnancy. Second, ongoing annual surveillance is essential to monitor trends in the number, ratio, and rate of abortions in the United States. Third, statistics on the number of pregnancies ending in abortion are used in conjunction with birth statistics to estimate pregnancy rates (e.g., pregnancy rates among teenagers) (1) and other outcome rates (e.g., the rate of ectopic pregnancies per 1,000 pregnancies). Fourth, abortion and pregnancy rates can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of family planning programs and programs for preventing unintended pregnancy. Fifth, ongoing surveillance provides data for assessing changes in clinical practice patterns related to abortion (e.g., longitudinal changes in the types of procedures and trends in gestational age at the time of abortion). Finally, these data are used as the denominator in calculating abortion morbidity and mortality rates. Induced abortions are linked usually to unintended pregnancies, which often occur despite use of contraception (19,35,36). In 1995, approximately 31% of live births to women aged 15-44 years were associated with unintended pregnancy (i.e., either mistimed or unwanted at conception) (12). In one study during 1994 and 1995, 58% of women who underwent an abortion reported that they "currently used" contraception during the month of their last menstrual period; however, the use of contraception might have been inconsistent or incorrect (21). Therefore, education regarding improved contraceptive practices, as well as access to and education regarding safe, effective, and low-cost contraception and family planning services, can help reduce the incidence of unintended pregnancy and, therefore, reduce the use of legal induced abortion in the United States (37). Recently passed welfare-reform legislation -- the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 *
Additional statistical and epidemiologic information about legal induced abortions is available from CDC's automated Reproductive Health Information System. This system provides information by fax, voice recordings, or mail; telephone (404) 330-1230. References
Figure_1  Return to top. Table_1 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size.
TABLE 1. Characteristics of women who obtained legal abortions -- United States, selected years, 1972-1994
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Characteristic 1972 1973 1976 1980 1985 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994
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Reported no. of legal abortions 586,760 615,831 988,267 1,297,606 1,328,570 1,429,577 1,388,937 1,359,145 1,330,414 1,267,415
Percent distribution *
Residence -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
In-state 56.2 74.8 90.0 92.6 92.4 91.8 91.6 92.0 91.4 91.5
Out-of-state 43.8 25.2 10.0 7.4 7.6 8.2 8.4 8.0 8.6 8.5
Age (yrs)
<=19 32.6 32.7 32.1 29.2 26.3 22.4 21.0 20.1 20.0 20.2
20-24 32.5 32.0 33.3 35.5 34.7 33.2 34.4 34.5 34.4 33.5
>=25 34.9 35.3 34.6 35.3 39.0 44.4 44.6 45.4 45.6 46.3
Race
White 77.0 72.5 66.6 69.9 66.6 64.8 63.8 61.5 60.9 60.5
Black 23.0 + 27.5 + 33.4 + 30.1 + 29.8 31.8 32.5 33.9 34.9 34.7
Other & -- -- -- -- 3.5 3.4 3.7 4.6 4.2 4.8
Hispanic origin
Hispanic -- -- -- -- -- 9.8 13.5 15.2 14.7 14.5
Non-Hispanic -- -- -- -- -- 90.2 86.5 84.8 85.3 85.5
Marital status
Married 29.7 27.4 24.6 23.1 19.3 21.7 21.4 20.8 20.4 19.9
Unmarried 70.3 72.6 75.4 76.9 80.7 78.3 78.6 79.2 79.6 80.1
No. of live births @
0 49.4 48.6 47.7 58.4 56.3 49.2 47.8 45.9 46.3 46.2
1 18.2 18.8 20.7 19.4 21.6 24.4 25.3 25.9 26.0 25.9
2 13.3 14.2 15.4 13.7 14.5 16.9 17.5 18.0 17.8 17.8
3 8.7 8.7 8.3 5.3 5.1 6.1 6.4 6.7 6.6 6.7
>=4 10.4 9.7 7.9 3.2 2.5 3.4 3.0 3.5 3.3 3.4
Type of procedure
Curettage 88.6 88.4 92.8 95.5 97.5 98.8 98.9 98.9 99.0 99.1
Suction curettage 65.2 74.9 82.6 89.8 94.6 96.0 97.3 97.0 96.4 96.5
Sharp curettage 23.4 13.5 10.2 5.7 2.9 2.8 1.6 1.9 2.6 2.6
Intrauterine instillation 10.4 10.4 6.0 3.1 1.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5
Other ** 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.4 0.8 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
Wks of gestation
<=8 34.0 36.1 47.0 51.7 50.3 51.6 52.3 52.1 52.3 53.7
<=6 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 14.3 ++ 14.7 && 15.7 @@
7 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 15.6 ++ 16.2 && 16.5 @@
8 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 22.2 ++ 21.6 && 21.6 @@
9-10 30.7 29.4 28.1 26.2 26.6 25.3 25.1 24.2 24.4 23.5
11-12 17.5 17.9 14.4 12.2 12.5 11.7 11.5 12.0 11.6 10.9
13-15 8.4 6.9 4.5 5.1 5.9 6.4 6.1 6.0 6.3 6.3
16-20 8.2 8.0 5.1 3.9 3.9 4.0 3.9 4.2 4.1 4.3
>=21 1.2 1.7 0.9 0.9 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.5 1.3 1.3
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* Based on known values in data from all areas reporting a given characteristic with no more than 15% unknowns. The number of areas reporting a given
characteristic varied. For 1993, the number of areas included for residence
was 43; age, 44; race, 36; ethnicity, 23; marital status, 37; number of live births, 39; type of procedure, 41; and weeks of gestation, 41. For
1994, the number of areas included for residence was 43; age, 44; race, 37; ethnicity,
24; marital status, 36; number of live births, 39; type of procedure, 41; and weeks of gestation, 40.
+ Reported as black and other races.
& Includes all other races.
@ For 1972-1976, data indicate number of living children.
** Includes hysterotomy and hysterectomy.
++ Data are for 36 of 39 areas reporting weeks of gestation.
&& Data are for 38 of 41 areas reporting weeks of gestation.
@@ Data are for 38 of 40 areas reporting weeks of gestation.
-- Not available.
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Return to top. Table_2 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size.
TABLE 2. Number, ratio, * and rate + of legal abortions and source of reporting -- United States, 1970-1994
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No. of areas reporting
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Year Total no. of legal abortions Ratio Rate Central health agency & Hospitals/ Facilities @
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1970 193,491 52 5 18 7
1971 485,816 137 11 19 7
1972 586,760 180 13 21 8
1973 615,831 196 14 26 26
1974 763,476 242 17 37 15
1975 854,853 272 18 39 13
1976 988,267 312 21 41 11
1977 1,079,430 325 22 46 6
1978 1,157,776 347 23 48 4
1979 1,251,921 358 24 47 5
1980 1,297,606 359 25 47 5
1981 1,300,760 358 24 46 6
1982 1,303,980 354 24 46 6
1983 1,268,987 349 23 46 6
1984 1,333,521 364 24 44 8
1985 1,328,570 354 24 44 8
1986 1,328,112 354 23 43 9
1987 1,353,671 356 24 45 7
1988 1,371,285 352 24 45 7
1989 1,396,658 346 24 45 7
1990 1,429,577 345 24 46 6
1991 1,388,937 339 24 47 5
1992 1,359,145 335 23 47 5
1993 1,330,414 334 22 47 5
1994 1,267,415 321 21 47 5
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Number of abortions per 1,000 live births.
+ Number of abortions per 1,000 women 15-44 years of age.
& Abortion data reported by central health agencies, which include state health departments and the health
departments of New York City and the District of Columbia.
@ Abortion data reporte by hospitals and/or other medical facilities in state.
===========================================================================================================
Return to top. Table_3 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size.
TABLE 3. Reported number,* ratio,+ and rate& of legal abortions and percentage of abortions obtained by out-of-state residents,@ by
state of occurrence -- United States, 1993
======================================================================================================================================
Percentage of legal abortions
obtained by out-of-state
State Total no. of legal abortions Ratio Rate residents
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alabama 14,494 235 15 9.1
Alaska 1,644 ** 148 12 --
Arizona 13,648 198 16 2.6
Arkansas 5,582 163 11 3.5
California 323,944 ++ 554 45 --
Colorado 10,115 187 12 9.2
Connecticut 16,690 358 22 3.9
Delaware 5,037 477 31 --
Dist. of Columbia 17,485 -- && -- @@ 54.2
Florida 70,069 364 24 --
Georgia 37,819 342 22 9.1
Hawaii 5,835 298 22 0.4
Idaho 1,346 77 6 8.1
Illinois 56,552 297 21 --
Indiana 11,330 135 9 3.0
Iowa 6,324 ** 167 10 --
Kansas 10,977 294 20 44.2
Kentucky 8,453 159 *** 10 24.1
Louisiana 12,373 178 12 --
Maine 3,301 219 12 5.3
Maryland 19,318 258 16 7.1
Massachusetts 35,312 417 25 4.4
Michigan 35,737 258 16 3.9
Minnesota 14,350 222 14 9.5
Mississippi 6,002 142 10 19.6
Missouri 12,540 167 11 9.0
Montana 2,645 233 15 14.1
Nebraska 5,486 237 15 19.0
Nevada 6,955 306 23 11.4
New Hampshire 3,057 ** 198 11 --
New Jersey 36,508 310 20 2.0
New Mexico 5,381 193 15 4.7
New York 157,891 570 38 --
City+++ 110,435 &&& 890 -- 6.8
State+++ 47,456 311 -- 6.5
North Carolina 34,906 344 22 9.8
North Dakota 1,406 162 10 35.3
Ohio 41,673 262 16 8.7
Oklahoma 10,071 ** 218 14 --
Oregon 12,961 312 19 11.3
Pennsylvania 47,926 300 18 5.7
Rhode Island 6,644 475 *** 29 20.6
South Carolina 11,611 216 14 6.9
South Dakota 1,075 100 7 22.2
Tennessee 17,250 237 15 15.7
Texas 90,780 282 21 5.0
Utah 3,945 106 9 10.6
Vermont 2,580 346 19 29.2
Virginia 28,285 301 18 5.9
Washington 27,558 350 23 4.6
West Virginia 2,619 123 6 11.8
Wisconsin 14,671 210 13 4.5
Wyoming 253 39 2 10.7
Total 1,330,414 334 22 8.6
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Abortion data reported by central health agencies unless otherwise specified.
+ Abortions per 1,000 live births (live-birth data reported by central health agencies unless otherwise specified).
& Abortions per 1,000 women 15-44 years of age. The number of women in this age group was obtained from the U.S.
Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census (special unpublished tabulations).
@ Based on number of abortions for which residence of women was known.
** Reported by hospitals and/or other medical facilities in state.
++ CDC estimate.
&& >1,000 abortions per 1,000 live births.
@@ >100 abortions per 1,000 women aged 15-44 years.
*** Number of live births obtained from CDC's National Center for Health Statistics, Advance Report of Final Natality
Statistics, 1993, vol. 44, no. 3, supplement, September 21, 1995.
+++ Percentage based on number reported as "Out-of-Reporting Area."
&&& Reported by the New York City Department of Health.
-- Not available.
======================================================================================================================================
Return to top. Table_4 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size.
TABLE 4. Reported number, * ratio, + and rate& of legal abortions and percentage of abortions obtained by
out-of-state residents, @ by state of occurrence -- United States, 1994
=================================================================================================================
Percentage of legal abortions
obtained by out-of-state
State Total no. of legal abortions Ratio Rate residents
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alabama 14,825 244 15 10.4
Alaska 1,585 ** 148 11 --
Arizona 13,930 196 16 3.5
Arkansas 5,885 169 11 6.6
California 308,564 ++ 544 43 --
Colorado 9,584 177 11 7.7
Connecticut 14,757 323 20 3.9
Delaware 5,637 543 34 --
Dist. of Columbia 16,437 -- && -- @@ 51.9
Florida 73,394 385 25 --
Georgia 36,374 328 21 9.5
Hawaii 5,783 298 22 0.5
Idaho 1,047 60 4 7.2
Illinois 55,050 291 21 --
Indiana 12,499 151 9 4.4
Iowa 5,914 ** 160 10 --
Kansas 10,468 281 19 40.6
Kentucky 8,145 154 9 23.1
Louisiana 12,154 179 12 --
Maine 3,089 215 11 5.0
Maryland 17,627 238 *** 15 6.6
Massachusetts 32,195 384 23 4.3
Michigan 33,061 240 15 3.8
Minnesota 14,027 218 13 9.2
Mississippi 3,979 95 6 4.1
Missouri 11,879 162 10 10.6
Montana 2,761 250 15 17.1
Nebraska 5,324 230 15 20.2
Nevada 6,736 282 21 11.3
New Hampshire 3,008 ** 199 *** 11 --
New Jersey 33,286 283 19 2.1
New Mexico 4,929 179 13 4.9
New York 49,598 549 36 --
City+++ 103,900 &&& 839 -- 5.9
State+++ 45,698 307 -- 7.3
North Carolina 35,088 346 21 10.8
North Dakota 1,301 152 9 28.1
Ohio 37,742 242 15 7.9
Oklahoma 6,774 ** 149 10 --
Oregon 13,392 320 20 11.6
Pennsylvania 41,645 266 16 4.8
Rhode Island 6,092 452 *** 27 20.5
South Carolina 10,922 210 13 7.6
South Dakota 987 94 6 20.3
Tennessee 16,837 230 14 17.5
Texas 89,185 278 21 5.0
Utah 3,609 94 8 29.9
Vermont 2,321 314 17 25.3
Virginia 26,369 279 17 6.3
Washington 25,965 336 21 5.0
West Virginia 2,085 98 5 12.9
Wisconsin 13,396 196 12 4.5
Wyoming 174 27 2 6.3
Total 1,267,415 321 21 8.5
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Abortion data reported by central health agencies unless otherwise specified.
+ Abortions per 1,000 live births (live-birth data reported by central health agencies unless otherwise
specified).
& Abortions per 1,000 women 15-44 years of age. The number of women in this age group was obtained from the
U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census (special unpublished tabulations).
@ Based on number of abortions for which residence of women was known.
** Reported by hospitals and/or other medical facilities in state.
++ CDC estimate.
&& >1,000 abortions per 1,000 live births.
@@ >100 abortions per 1,000 women ages 15-44 years.
*** Number of live births obtained from CDC's National Center for Health Statistics, Advance Report of Final
Natality Statistics, 1994, vol. 44, no. 11, supplement, June 24, 1996.
+++ Percentage based on the number reported as "Out-of-Reporting Area."
&&& Reported by the New York City Department of Health.
-- Not available.
=================================================================================================================
Return to top. Table_5 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size.
TABLE 5. Reported legal abortions, by age of women who obtained an abortion and state of occurrence -- selected states,* United States, 1993
=======================================================================================================================================================================================================
Age group (yrs)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<15 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 >=40 Unknown Total +
----------- ------------ ------------- -------------- ---------------- ------------ ------------- -------------- -------------------
State No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. %
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alabama 212 1.5 3,183 22.0 5,279 36.4 2,771 19.1 1,749 12.1 1,003 6.9 275 1.9 22 0.2 14,494 100.0
Arizona 82 0.6 2,594 19.0 4,576 33.5 2,883 21.1 1,910 14.0 1,026 7.5 249 1.8 328 2.4 13,648 100.0
Arkansas 53 0.9 1,225 21.9 2,140 38.3 1,082 19.4 633 11.3 333 6.0 91 1.6 25 0.4 5,582 100.0
Colorado 84 0.8 2,225 22.0 3,223 31.9 2,016 19.9 1,424 14.1 863 8.5 266 2.6 14 0.1 10,115 100.0
Connecticut 146 0.9 3,454 20.7 5,829 34.9 3,650 21.9 2,118 12.7 1,093 6.5 320 1.9 80 0.5 16,690 100.0
Dist. of Columbia & 51 0.6 1,464 18.6 2,645 33.6 1,826 23.2 1,070 13.6 623 7.9 174 2.2 12 0.2 7,865 100.0
Georgia 452 1.2 7,164 18.9 13,132 34.7 8,447 22.3 5,112 13.5 2,629 7.0 692 1.8 191 0.5 37,819 100.0
Hawaii 44 0.8 1,238 21.2 1,835 31.4 1,259 21.6 862 14.8 451 7.7 142 2.4 4 0.1 5,835 100.0
Idaho 12 0.9 289 21.5 461 34.2 243 18.1 190 14.1 122 9.1 29 2.2 0 0.0 1,346 100.0
Indiana 103 0.9 2,280 20.1 4,158 36.7 2,350 20.7 1,432 12.6 763 6.7 218 1.9 26 0.2 11,330 100.0
Kansas 133 1.2 2,665 24.3 3,724 33.9 2,093 19.1 1,320 12.0 782 7.1 205 1.9 55 0.5 10,977 100.0
Kentucky 93 1.1 2,157 25.5 2,967 35.1 1,565 18.5 1,001 11.8 490 5.8 131 1.5 49 0.6 8,453 100.0
Louisiana 157 1.3 2,487 20.1 4,300 34.8 2,543 20.6 1,667 13.5 917 7.4 274 2.2 28 0.2 12,373 100.0
Maine 23 0.7 669 20.3 1,109 33.6 665 20.1 469 14.2 251 7.6 76 2.3 39 1.2 3,301 100.0
Maryland 221 1.1 3,608 18.7 6,592 34.1 4,520 23.4 2,763 14.3 1,311 6.8 303 1.6 0 0.0 19,318 100.0
Massachusetts 215 0.6 5,872 16.6 11,225 31.8 8,096 22.9 5,389 15.3 2,798 7.9 949 2.7 768 2.2 35,312 100.0
Michigan 292 0.8 7,264 20.3 12,799 35.8 7,373 20.6 4,703 13.2 2,552 7.1 694 1.9 60 0.2 35,737 100.0
Minnesota 101 0.7 2,592 18.1 4,915 34.3 3,021 21.1 2,088 14.6 1,119 7.8 327 2.3 187 1.3 14,350 100.0
Mississippi 103 1.7 1,414 23.6 2,195 36.6 1,120 18.7 723 12.0 338 5.6 84 1.4 25 0.4 6,002 100.0
Missouri 149 1.2 2,335 18.6 4,304 34.3 2,732 21.8 1,725 13.8 998 8.0 294 2.3 3 0.0 12,540 100.0
Montana 21 0.8 653 24.7 838 31.7 476 18.0 360 13.6 211 8.0 85 3.2 1 0.0 2,645 100.0
Nebraska 36 0.7 1,191 21.7 1,969 35.9 1,081 19.7 706 12.9 384 7.0 115 2.1 4 0.1 5,486 100.0
Nevada 49 0.7 1,080 15.5 2,130 30.6 1,736 25.0 1,106 15.9 630 9.1 177 2.5 47 0.7 6,955 100.0
New Jersey 294 0.8 6,632 18.2 12,676 34.7 8,325 22.8 5,023 13.8 2,703 7.4 807 2.2 48 0.1 36,508 100.0
New Mexico 37 0.7 1,112 20.7 1,749 32.5 1,086 20.2 791 14.7 415 7.7 166 3.1 25 0.5 5,381 100.0
New York 1,140 0.7 28,169 17.8 49,926 31.6 37,858 24.0 24,043 15.2 12,228 7.7 3,463 2.2 1,064 0.7 157,891 100.0
City 866 0.8 18,597 16.8 33,883 30.7 27,627 25.0 17,763 16.1 8,850 8.0 2,477 2.2 372 0.3 110,435 100.0
State 274 0.6 9,572 20.2 16,043 33.8 10,231 21.6 6,280 13.2 3,378 7.1 986 2.1 692 1.5 47,456 100.0
North Carolina 301 0.9 7,729 22.1 12,561 36.0 7,043 20.2 4,054 11.6 2,107 6.0 596 1.7 515 1.5 34,906 100.0
North Dakota 5 0.4 359 25.5 503 35.8 252 17.9 163 11.6 95 6.8 29 2.1 0 0.0 1,406 100.0
Ohio 254 0.6 6,540 15.7 14,938 35.8 8,481 20.4 5,137 12.3 2,925 7.0 871 2.1 2,527 6.1 41,673 100.0
Oregon 94 0.7 2,800 21.6 4,230 32.6 2,677 20.7 1,608 12.4 965 7.4 304 2.3 283 2.2 12,961 100.0
Pennsylvania 499 1.0 9,645 20.1 16,554 34.5 10,156 21.2 6,493 13.5 3,605 7.5 973 2.0 1 0.0 47,926 100.0
Rhode Island 38 0.6 1,196 18.0 2,362 35.6 1,423 21.4 936 14.1 539 8.1 150 2.3 0 0.0 6,644 100.0
South Carolina 137 1.2 2,288 19.7 4,196 36.1 2,458 21.2 1,510 13.0 830 7.1 192 1.7 0 0.0 11,611 100.0
South Dakota 9 0.8 271 25.2 345 32.1 185 17.2 148 13.8 86 8.0 31 2.9 0 0.0 1,075 100.0
Tennessee 190 1.1 3,567 20.7 6,148 35.6 3,546 20.6 2,258 13.1 1,186 6.9 316 1.8 39 0.2 17,250 100.0
Texas 449 0.5 15,655 17.2 32,264 35.5 20,452 22.5 12,846 14.2 6,811 7.5 2,093 2.3 210 0.2 90,780 100.0
Utah 34 0.9 781 19.8 1,344 34.1 856 21.7 525 13.3 296 7.5 82 2.1 27 0.7 3,945 100.0
Vermont 12 0.5 534 20.7 944 36.6 493 19.1 358 13.9 170 6.6 66 2.6 3 0.1 2,580 100.0
Virginia 222 0.8 5,296 18.7 9,489 33.5 6,492 23.0 4,028 14.2 2,154 7.6 560 2.0 44 0.2 28,285 100.0
Washington 164 0.6 5,555 20.2 9,045 32.8 5,824 21.1 3,901 14.2 2,244 8.1 722 2.6 103 0.4 27,558 100.0
West Virginia 22 0.8 636 24.3 951 36.3 477 18.2 314 12.0 171 6.5 47 1.8 1 0.0 2,619 100.0
Wisconsin & 123 0.9 2,724 19.5 5,055 36.1 2,976 21.3 1,829 13.1 1,006 7.2 291 2.1 0 0.0 14,004 100.0
Wyoming 2 0.8 73 28.9 66 26.1 47 18.6 39 15.4 21 8.3 4 1.6 1 0.4 253 100.0
Total 6,858 0.8 160,665 19.0 287,691 34.1 184,655 21.9 116,524 13.8 62,244 7.4 17,933 2.1 6,859 0.8 843,429 100.0
Abortion ratio @ 744 440 384 227 180 248 430 291
Abortion rate ** 3 25 42 26 14 8 2 18
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Data from 42 states, the District of Columbia, and New York City.
+ Percentages may not add to 100.0 due to rounding.
& Includes residents only.
@ Calculated as the number of legal abortions obtained by women in a given age group per 1,000 live births to women in the same age group for these
states. For each state, data for women of unknown age were distributed according
to the known age distribution for that state.
** Calculated as the number of legal abortions obtained by women in a given age group per 1,000 women of the same age group for these states. For
each state, data for women of unknown age were distributed according to the
known age distribution for that state.
=======================================================================================================================================================================================================
Return to top. Table_6 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size.
TABLE 6. Reported legal abortions, by age of women who obtained an abortion and state of occurrence -- selected states, * United States, 1994
=====================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Age group (yrs)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<15 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 >=40 Unknown Total +
---------- ------------- -------------- ------------ ------------- ------------ --------------- ------------- ---------------
State No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. %
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alabama 210 1.4 3,213 21.7 5,454 36.8 2,873 19.4 1,770 11.9 984 6.6 284 1.9 37 0.2 14,825 100.0
Arizona 91 0.7 2,671 19.2 4,410 31.7 2,928 21.0 1,971 14.1 1,082 7.8 279 2.0 498 3.6 13,930 100.0
Arkansas 74 1.3 1,374 23.3 2,188 37.2 1,096 18.6 666 11.3 367 6.2 94 1.6 26 0.4 5,885 100.0
Colorado 91 0.9 2,131 22.2 3,049 31.8 1,819 19.0 1,406 14.7 811 8.5 249 2.6 28 0.3 9,584 100.0
Connecticut 92 0.6 3,004 20.4 4,909 33.3 3,304 22.4 1,974 13.4 1,054 7.1 291 2.0 129 0.9 14,757 100.0
Dist. of Columbia & 105 1.4 1,507 19.4 2,734 35.2 1,805 23.3 1,050 13.5 446 5.7 108 1.4 6 0.1 7,761 100.0
Georgia 479 1.3 6,728 18.5 12,464 34.3 8,086 22.2 5,119 14.1 2,564 7.0 735 2.0 199 0.5 36,374 100.0
Hawaii 43 0.7 1,301 22.5 1,763 30.5 1,220 21.1 784 13.6 502 8.7 166 2.9 4 0.1 5,783 100.0
Idaho 4 0.4 256 24.5 327 31.2 208 19.9 138 13.2 82 7.8 31 3.0 1 0.1 1,047 100.0
Indiana 130 1.0 2,584 20.7 4,520 36.2 2,505 20.0 1,585 12.7 895 7.2 247 2.0 33 0.3 12,499 100.0
Kansas 110 1.1 2,534 24.2 3,498 33.4 1,916 18.3 1,353 12.9 790 7.5 223 2.1 44 0.4 10,468 100.0
Kentucky 108 1.3 2,031 24.9 2,820 34.6 1,542 18.9 952 11.7 511 6.3 137 1.7 44 0.5 8,145 100.0
Louisiana 169 1.4 2,500 20.6 4,215 34.7 2,505 20.6 1,517 12.5 929 7.6 274 2.3 45 0.4 12,154 100.0
Maine 21 0.7 623 20.2 995 32.2 634 20.5 439 14.2 258 8.4 84 2.7 35 1.1 3,089 100.0
Maryland 194 1.1 3,395 19.3 5,846 33.2 4,058 23.0 2,544 14.4 1,238 7.0 352 2.0 0 0.0 17,627 100.0
Massachusetts 177 0.5 5,181 16.1 9,984 31.0 7,465 23.2 4,949 15.4 2,789 8.7 900 2.8 750 2.3 32,195 100.0
Michigan 271 0.8 6,839 20.7 11,626 35.2 6,892 20.8 4,314 13.0 2,376 7.2 659 2.0 84 0.3 33,061 100.0
Minnesota 103 0.7 2,510 17.9 4,645 33.1 3,059 21.8 2,029 14.5 1,187 8.5 353 2.5 141 1.0 14,027 100.0
Mississippi 60 1.5 807 20.3 1,514 38.0 757 19.0 477 12.0 269 6.8 93 2.3 2 0.1 3,979 100.0
Missouri 142 1.2 2,341 19.7 3,909 32.9 2,511 21.1 1,713 14.4 964 8.1 289 2.4 10 0.1 11,879 100.0
Montana 24 0.9 681 24.7 841 30.5 479 17.3 395 14.3 255 9.2 86 3.1 0 0.0 2,761 100.0
Nebraska 34 0.6 1,144 21.5 1,877 35.3 1,051 19.7 701 13.2 396 7.4 117 2.2 4 0.1 5,324 100.0
Nevada 55 0.8 1,068 15.9 1,971 29.3 1,561 23.2 1,213 18.0 653 9.7 183 2.7 32 0.5 6,736 100.0
New Jersey 249 0.7 5,958 17.9 11,297 33.9 7,708 23.2 4,714 14.2 2,528 7.6 783 2.4 49 0.1 33,286 100.0
New Mexico 34 0.7 992 20.1 1,507 30.6 1,030 20.9 735 14.9 429 8.7 172 3.5 30 0.6 4,929 100.0
New York 1,096 0.7 27,436 18.3 46,052 30.8 35,655 23.8 23,283 15.6 12,074 8.1 3,590 2.4 412 0.3 149,598 100.0
City 821 0.8 17,804 17.1 31,090 29.9 25,850 24.9 16,938 16.3 8,624 8.3 2,485 2.4 288 0.3 103,900 100.0
State 275 0.6 9,632 21.1 14,962 32.7 9,805 21.5 6,345 13.9 3,450 7.5 1,105 2.4 124 0.3 45,698 100.0
North Carolina 359 1.0 7,694 21.9 12,376 35.3 6,849 19.5 4,298 12.2 2,221 6.3 613 1.7 678 1.9 35,088 100.0
North Dakota 5 0.4 318 24.4 479 36.8 244 18.8 139 10.7 79 6.1 34 2.6 3 0.2 1,301 100.0
Ohio 254 0.7 6,713 17.8 13,628 36.1 8,172 21.7 4,834 12.8 2,936 7.8 874 2.3 331 0.9 37,742 100.0
Oregon 71 0.5 2,865 21.4 4,256 31.8 2,806 21.0 1,855 13.9 1,016 7.6 333 2.5 190 1.4 13,392 100.0
Pennsylvania 432 1.0 7,906 19.0 13,985 33.6 9,028 21.7 5,791 13.9 3,514 8.4 989 2.4 0 0.0 41,645 100.0
Rhode Island 42 0.7 1,106 18.2 2,085 34.2 1,326 21.8 895 14.7 491 8.1 146 2.4 1 0.0 6,092 100.0
South Carolina 106 1.0 2,251 20.6 3,870 35.4 2,262 20.7 1,454 13.3 770 7.0 209 1.9 0 0.0 10,922 100.0
South Dakota 5 0.5 255 25.8 300 30.4 178 18.0 143 14.5 81 8.2 25 2.5 0 0.0 987 100.0
Tennessee 189 1.1 3,480 20.7 5,948 35.3 3,385 20.1 2,259 13.4 1,206 7.2 364 2.2 6 0.0 16,837 100.0
Texas 434 0.5 15,471 17.3 30,890 34.6 20,389 22.9 12,570 14.1 6,957 7.8 2,255 2.5 219 0.2 89,185 100.0
Utah 24 0.7 695 19.3 1,170 32.4 794 22.0 533 14.8 291 8.1 88 2.4 14 0.4 3,609 100.0
Vermont 11 0.5 517 22.3 751 32.4 462 19.9 294 12.7 219 9.4 65 2.8 2 0.1 2,321 100.0
Virginia 234 0.9 5,122 19.4 8,488 32.2 5,878 22.3 3,876 14.7 2,118 8.0 610 2.3 43 0.2 26,369 100.0
Washington 192 0.7 5,172 19.9 8,054 31.0 5,574 21.5 3,794 14.6 2,231 8.6 724 2.8 224 0.9 25,965 100.0
West Virginia 29 1.4 545 26.1 704 33.8 378 18.1 242 11.6 135 6.5 50 2.4 2 0.1 2,085 100.0
Wisconsin & 103 0.8 2,485 19.4 4,418 34.5 2,731 21.4 1,806 14.1 957 7.5 290 2.3 0 0.0 12,790 100.0
Wyoming 5 2.9 37 21.3 52 29.9 26 14.9 29 16.7 16 9.2 9 5.2 0 0.0 174 100.0
Total 6,661 0.8 153,441 19.2 265,869 33.3 175,149 21.9 112,603 14.1 61,671 7.7 18,457 2.3 4,356 0.5 798,207 100.0
Abortion ratio @ 704 415 364 222 172 234 412 277
Abortion rate ** 2 24 39 25 14 7 2 17
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Data from 42 states, the District of Columbia, and New York City.
+ Percentages may not add to 100.0 due to rounding.
& Includes residents only.
@ Calculated as the number of legal abortions obtained by women in a given age group per 1,000 live births to women in the same age group for these
states. For each state, data for women of unknown age were distributed according to the known age distribution for that state.
** Calculated as the number of legal abortions obtained by women in a given age group per 1,000 women in the same age group for these states. For
each state, data for women of unknown age were distributed according to the known age distribution for that state.
=====================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Return to top. Table_7 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size.
TABLE 7. Reported legal abortions obtained by adolescents, by known age and state of occurrence -- selected states,* United States, 1993
==============================================================================================================================================
Age (yrs)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<15 15 16 17 18 19 Total +
---------------- ----------- -------------- ----------- ------------- ------------- -----------------
State No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. %
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alabama 212 6.2 259 7.6 436 12.8 502 14.8 913 26.9 1,073 31.6 3,395 100.0
Arizona 82 3.1 166 6.2 356 13.3 475 17.8 795 29.7 802 30.0 2,676 100.0
Arkansas 53 4.1 76 5.9 147 11.5 211 16.5 393 30.8 398 31.1 1,278 100.0
Colorado 84 3.6 183 7.9 328 14.2 488 21.1 595 25.8 631 27.3 2,309 100.0
Connecticut 146 4.1 251 7.0 504 14.0 770 21.4 912 25.3 1,017 28.3 3,600 100.0
Georgia 452 5.9 623 8.2 1,021 13.4 1,232 16.2 2,010 26.4 2,278 29.9 7,616 100.0
Hawaii 44 3.4 82 6.4 178 13.9 274 21.4 331 25.8 373 29.1 1,282 100.0
Idaho 12 4.0 26 8.6 47 15.6 33 11.0 93 30.9 90 29.9 301 100.0
Indiana 103 4.3 175 7.3 273 11.5 330 13.8 699 29.3 803 33.7 2,383 100.0
Kansas 133 4.8 233 8.3 389 13.9 545 19.5 738 26.4 760 27.2 2,798 100.0
Kentucky 93 4.1 183 8.1 362 16.1 483 21.5 553 24.6 576 25.6 2,250 100.0
Louisiana 157 5.9 238 9.0 333 12.6 361 13.7 789 29.8 766 29.0 2,644 100.0
Maine 23 3.3 54 7.8 76 11.0 143 20.7 180 26.0 216 31.2 692 100.0
Maryland 221 5.8 319 8.3 530 13.8 731 19.1 915 23.9 1,113 29.1 3,829 100.0
Massachusetts 215 3.5 337 5.5 576 9.5 857 14.1 1,863 30.6 2,239 36.8 6,087 100.0
Michigan 292 3.9 588 7.8 955 12.6 1,267 16.8 2,117 28.0 2,337 30.9 7,556 100.0
Minnesota 101 3.8 169 6.3 320 11.9 413 15.3 777 28.9 913 33.9 2,693 100.0
Mississippi 103 6.8 105 6.9 177 11.7 234 15.4 429 28.3 469 30.9 1,517 100.0
Missouri 149 6.0 200 8.1 325 13.1 328 13.2 717 28.9 765 30.8 2,484 100.0
Montana 21 3.1 50 7.4 87 12.9 140 20.8 191 28.3 185 27.4 674 100.0
Nebraska 36 2.9 65 5.3 139 11.3 187 15.2 384 31.3 416 33.9 1,227 100.0
Nevada 49 4.3 73 6.5 153 13.6 237 21.0 302 26.7 315 27.9 1,129 100.0
New Jersey 294 4.2 483 7.0 913 13.2 1,309 18.9 1,793 25.9 2,134 30.8 6,926 100.0
New Mexico 37 3.2 70 6.1 171 14.9 202 17.6 348 30.3 321 27.9 1,149 100.0
New York 1,140 3.9 2,081 7.1 4,032 13.8 5,739 19.6 7,671 26.2 8,646 29.5 29,309 100.0
City 866 4.4 1,485 7.6 2,772 14.2 3,706 19.0 4,961 25.5 5,673 29.1 19,463 100.0
State 274 2.8 596 6.1 1,260 12.8 2,033 20.6 2,710 27.5 2,973 30.2 9,846 100.0
North Carolina 301 3.7 607 7.6 1,124 14.0 1,454 18.1 2,140 26.7 2,404 29.9 8,030 100.0
North Dakota 5 1.4 18 4.9 39 10.7 59 16.2 122 33.5 121 33.2 364 100.0
Ohio 254 3.7 422 6.2 832 12.2 1,085 16.0 1,732 25.5 2,469 36.3 6,794 100.0
Oregon 94 3.2 178 6.2 402 13.9 576 19.9 778 26.9 866 29.9 2,894 100.0
Pennsylvania 499 4.9 738 7.3 1,258 12.4 1,990 19.6 2,674 26.4 2,985 29.4 10,144 100.0
Rhode Island 38 3.1 63 5.1 130 10.5 155 12.6 385 31.2 463 37.5 1,234 100.0
South Carolina 137 5.6 174 7.2 254 10.5 437 18.0 671 27.7 752 31.0 2,425 100.0
South Dakota 9 3.2 20 7.1 49 17.5 53 18.9 68 24.3 81 28.9 280 100.0
Tennessee 190 5.1 271 7.2 455 12.1 600 16.0 1,072 28.5 1,169 31.1 3,757 100.0
Texas 449 2.8 887 5.5 1,788 11.1 2,772 17.2 4,414 27.4 5,794 36.0 16,104 100.0
Utah 34 4.2 50 6.1 97 11.9 138 16.9 222 27.2 274 33.6 815 100.0
Vermont 12 2.2 42 7.7 78 14.3 102 18.7 140 25.6 172 31.5 546 100.0
Virginia 222 4.0 356 6.5 699 12.7 988 17.9 1,668 30.2 1,585 28.7 5,518 100.0
Washington 164 2.9 413 7.2 823 14.4 1,142 20.0 1,535 26.8 1,642 28.7 5,719 100.0
West Virginia 22 3.3 46 7.0 92 14.0 100 15.2 180 27.4 218 33.1 658 100.0
Wisconsin& 123 4.3 183 6.4 341 12.0 490 17.2 799 28.1 911 32.0 2,847 100.0
Wyoming 2 2.7 4 5.3 11 14.7 13 17.3 22 29.3 23 30.7 75 100.0
Total 6,807 4.1 11,561 7.0 21,300 12.8 29,645 17.9 45,130 27.2 51,565 31.1 166,008 100.0
Abortion ratio @ 745 536 478 415 449 413 446
Abortion rate ** 3 9 17 24 36 40 18
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Data from 42 states and New York City.
+ Percentages may not add to 100.0 due to rounding.
& Includes residents only.
@ Calculated as the number of legal abortions obtained by women of a given age per 1,000 live births to women of the same age for these
states. For each state, data for women of unknown age were distributed according to the known age distribution for that state.
** Calculated as the number of legal abortions obtained by women of a given age per 1,000 women of the same age for these states. For each
state, data for women of unknown age were distributed according to the known age distribution for that state.
==============================================================================================================================================
Return to top. Table_8 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size.
TABLE 8. Reported legal abortions obtained by adolescents, by known age and state of occurrence -- selected states,* United States, 1994
===================================================================================================================================================
Age (yrs)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<15 15 16 17 18 19 Total +
------------- ------------ -------------- ------------ -------------- ------------ ------------------
State No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. %
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alabama 210 6.1 267 7.8 401 11.7 522 15.2 933 27.3 1,090 31.8 3,423 100.0
Arizona 91 3.3 178 6.4 354 12.8 512 18.5 782 28.3 845 30.6 2,762 100.0
Arkansas 74 5.1 102 7.0 166 11.5 238 16.4 425 29.4 443 30.6 1,448 100.0
Colorado 91 4.1 176 7.9 345 15.5 455 20.5 553 24.9 602 27.1 2,222 100.0
Connecticut 92 3.0 237 7.7 423 13.7 701 22.6 773 25.0 870 28.1 3,096 100.0
Georgia 479 6.6 620 8.6 951 13.2 1,247 17.3 1,824 25.3 2,086 28.9 7,207 100.0
Hawaii 43 3.2 109 8.1 187 13.9 279 20.8 349 26.0 377 28.1 1,344 100.0
Idaho 4 1.5 23 8.8 32 12.3 42 16.2 83 31.9 76 29.2 260 100.0
Indiana 130 4.8 232 8.5 290 10.7 369 13.6 781 28.8 912 33.6 2,714 100.0
Kansas 110 4.2 221 8.4 400 15.1 516 19.5 691 26.1 706 26.7 2,644 100.0
Kentucky 108 5.0 184 8.6 303 14.2 413 19.3 548 25.6 583 27.3 2,139 100.0
Louisiana 169 6.3 207 7.8 326 12.2 394 14.8 779 29.2 794 29.7 2,669 100.0
Maine 21 3.3 29 4.5 97 15.1 118 18.3 180 28.0 199 30.9 644 100.0
Maryland 194 5.4 333 9.3 460 12.8 668 18.6 905 25.2 1,029 28.7 3,589 100.0
Massachusetts 177 3.3 313 5.8 556 10.4 835 15.6 1,572 29.3 1,904 35.5 5,357 100.0
Michigan 271 3.8 511 7.2 881 12.4 1,257 17.7 2,013 28.3 2,177 30.6 7,110 100.0
Minnesota 103 3.9 158 6.0 317 12.1 416 15.9 757 29.0 862 33.0 2,613 100.0
Mississippi 60 6.9 63 7.3 106 12.2 120 13.8 236 27.2 282 32.5 867 100.0
Missouri 142 5.7 180 7.2 320 12.9 361 14.5 663 26.7 817 32.9 2,483 100.0
Montana 24 3.4 42 6.0 91 12.9 153 21.7 209 29.6 186 26.4 705 100.0
Nebraska 34 2.9 74 6.3 118 10.0 216 18.3 389 33.0 347 29.5 1,178 100.0
Nevada 55 4.9 91 8.1 156 13.9 217 19.3 295 26.3 309 27.5 1,123 100.0
New Jersey 249 4.0 444 7.2 749 12.1 1,190 19.2 1,665 26.8 1,910 30.8 6,207 100.0
New Mexico 34 3.3 80 7.8 152 14.8 197 19.2 292 28.5 271 26.4 1,026 100.0
New York 1,096 3.8 1,999 7.0 3,887 13.6 5,804 20.3 7,388 25.9 8,358 29.3 28,532 100.0
City 821 4.4 1,356 7.3 2,575 13.8 3,784 20.3 4,694 25.2 5,395 29.0 18,625 100.0
State 275 2.8 643 6.5 1,312 13.2 2,020 20.4 2,694 27.2 2,963 29.9 9,907 100.0
North Carolina 359 4.5 617 7.7 1,109 13.8 1,607 20.0 2,083 25.9 2,278 28.3 8,053 100.0
North Dakota 5 1.5 19 5.9 36 11.1 57 17.6 109 33.7 97 30.0 323 100.0
Ohio 254 3.6 489 7.0 853 12.2 1,212 17.4 1,775 25.5 2,384 34.2 6,967 100.0
Oregon 71 2.4 236 8.0 409 13.9 609 20.7 777 26.5 834 28.4 2,936 100.0
Pennsylvania 432 5.2 731 8.8 1,058 12.7 1,259 15.1 2,336 28.0 2,522 30.2 8,338 100.0
Rhode Island 42 3.7 80 7.0 123 10.7 146 12.7 358 31.2 399 34.8 1,148 100.0
South Carolina 106 4.5 198 8.4 278 11.8 494 21.0 589 25.0 692 29.4 2,357 100.0
South Dakota 5 1.9 29 11.2 33 12.7 54 20.8 70 26.9 69 26.5 260 100.0
Tennessee 189 5.2 293 8.0 446 12.2 605 16.5 1,016 27.7 1,120 30.5 3,669 100.0
Texas 434 2.7 977 6.1 1,849 11.6 2,891 18.2 4,294 27.0 5,460 34.3 15,905 100.0
Utah 24 3.3 47 6.5 107 14.9 118 16.4 208 28.9 215 29.9 719 100.0
Vermont 11 2.1 41 7.8 64 12.1 104 19.7 153 29.0 155 29.4 528 100.0
Virginia 234 4.4 375 7.0 670 12.5 933 17.4 1,527 28.5 1,617 30.2 5,356 100.0
Washington 192 3.6 424 7.9 785 14.6 1,105 20.6 1,410 26.3 1,448 27.0 5,364 100.0
West Virginia 29 5.1 46 8.0 87 15.2 123 21.4 139 24.2 150 26.1 574 100.0
Wisconsin & 103 4.0 166 6.4 341 13.2 431 16.7 707 27.3 840 32.5 2,588 100.0
Wyoming 5 11.9 6 14.3 4 9.5 6 14.3 10 23.8 11 26.2 42 100.0
Total 6,556 4.1 11,647 7.3 20,320 12.8 28,994 18.3 42,646 26.9 48,326 30.5 158,489 100.0
Abortion ratio @ 700 523 446 392 426 383 420
Abortion rate ** 2 9 16 22 34 36 17
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Data from 42 states and New York City.
+ Percentages may not add to 100.0 due to rounding.
& Includes residents only.
@ Calculated as the number of legal abortions obtained by women of a given age per 1,000 live births to women of the same age for these states.
or each state, data for women of unknown age were distributed according to the known age distribution for that state.
** Calculated as the number of legal abortions obtained by women of a given age per 1,000 women of the same age for these states. For each state,
data for women of unknown age were distributed according to the known age distribution for that state.
===================================================================================================================================================
Return to top. Table_9 Note: To print large tables and graphs users may have to change their printer settings to landscape and use a small font size.
TABLE 9. Reported legal abortions, by weeks of gestation* and state of occurrence -- selected states,+ United States, 1993
==============================================================================================================================================================================================================
Weeks of gestation
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<=8 9-10 11-12 13-15 16-20 >=21 Unknown Total &
--------------------------- ------------- -------------- -------------- ------------ ------------- -------------- ---------------------
State No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. %
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alabama 7,609 52.5 3,359 23.2 1,660 11.5 1,022 7.1 527 3.6 182 1.3 135 0.9 14,494 100.0
Arizona @ 6,878 50.4 3,051 22.4 1,096 8.0 598 4.4 211 1.5 12 0.1 1,802 13.2 13,648 100.0
Arkansas 3,179 57.0 1,294 23.2 533 9.5 292 5.2 165 3.0 13 0.2 106 1.9 5,582 100.0
Colorado 2,701 26.7 3,650 36.1 1,741 17.2 912 9.0 464 4.6 189 1.9 458 4.5 10,115 100.0
Connecticut@ 8,928 ** 53.5 4,156 ** 24.9 1,976 ** 11.8 1,194 7.2 281 1.7 13 0.1 142 0.9 16,690 100.0
Dist. of Columbia ++ 3,345 42.5 2,139 27.2 1,319 16.8 822 10.5 202 && 2.6 26@@ 0.3 12 0.2 7,865 100.0
Georgia 13,807 36.5 10,314 27.3 6,287 16.6 2,866 7.6 1,635 4.3 773 2.0 2,137 5.7 37,819 100.0
Hawaii @ 2,777 47.6 1,530 26.2 687 11.8 351 6.0 344 5.9 63 1.1 83 1.4 5,835 100.0
Idaho 673 50.0 404 30.0 203 15.1 52 3.9 8 0.6 2 0.1 4 0.3 1,346 100.0
Indiana 8,147 71.9 2,007 17.7 778 6.9 201 1.8 122 1.1 1 0.0 74 0.7 11,330 100.0
Kansas@ 5,205 47.4 1,924 17.5 1,019 9.3 722 6.6 759 6.9 950 8.7 398 3.6 10,977 100.0
Kentucky 4,146 49.0 1,803 21.3 1,036 12.3 586 6.9 487 5.8 194 2.3 201 2.4 8,453 100.0
Louisiana 5,447 44.0 3,582 29.0 1,541 12.5 909 7.3 574 4.6 206 1.7 114 0.9 12,373 100.0
Maine 1,580 47.9 1,051 31.8 499 15.1 102 3.1 27 0.8 5 0.2 37 1.1 3,301 100.0
Maryland @ 9,784 50.6 5,171 26.8 2,451 12.7 1,196 6.2 613 3.2 5 0.0 98 0.5 19,318 100.0
Michigan 21,092 59.0 7,028 19.7 3,430 9.6 2,650 7.4 1,363 3.8 166 0.5 8 0.0 35,737 100.0
Minnesota 8,598 59.9 2,442 17.0 1,452 10.1 896 6.2 599 4.2 106 0.7 257 1.8 14,350 100.0
Mississippi 2,705 45.1 1,454 24.2 763 12.7 573 9.5 386 6.4 70 1.2 51 0.8 6,002 100.0
Missouri 4,534 36.2 4,130 32.9 2,409 19.2 986 7.9 408 3.3 68 0.5 5 0.0 12,540 100.0
Montana@ 1,522 57.5 570 21.6 318 12.0 125 4.7 90 3.4 17 0.6 3 0.1 2,645 100.0
Nevada 4,144 59.6 1,350 19.4 752 10.8 364 5.2 261 3.8 2 0.0 82 1.2 6,955 100.0
New Jersey 18,549 50.8 6,904 18.9 2,586 7.1 3,209 8.8 2,723 7.5 436 1.2 2,101 5.8 36,508 100.0
New Mexico 2,690 50.0 949 17.6 485 9.0 336 6.2 305 5.7 39 0.7 577 10.7 5,381 100.0
New York 82,307 52.1 34,362 21.8 15,868 10.0 8,522 5.4 8,213 5.2 3,341 2.1 5,278 3.3 157,891 100.0
City 58,836 53.3 23,149 21.0 10,722 9.7 6,170 5.6 7,226 6.5 3,073 2.8 1,259 1.1 110,435 100.0
State 23,471 49.5 11,213 23.6 5,146 10.8 2,352 5.0 987 2.1 268 0.6 4,019 8.5 47,456 100.0
North Carolina 17,608 50.4 8,332 23.9 4,285 12.3 2,547 7.3 784 2.2 75 0.2 1,275 3.7 34,906 100.0
North Dakota @ 780 55.5 357 25.4 153 10.9 95 6.8 14 1.0 0 0.0 7 0.5 1,406 100.0
Oregon 6,359 49.1 3,295 25.4 1,249 9.6 606 4.7 494 3.8 213 1.6 745 5.7 12,961 100.0
Pennsylvania 23,111 48.2 13,569 28.3 5,957 12.4 2,956 6.2 2,005 4.2 318 0.7 10 0.0 47,926 100.0
Rhode Island 3,679 55.4 1,676 25.2 672 10.1 393 5.9 209 3.1 4 0.1 11 0.2 6,644 100.0
South Carolina 6,719 57.9 3,192 27.5 1,482 12.8 149 1.3 41 0.4 13 0.1 15 0.1 11,611 100.0
South Dakota 642 59.7 286 26.6 144 13.4 3 0.3 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 1,075 100.0
Tennessee @ 9,278 53.8 4,479 26.0 2,427 14.1 884 5.1 122 0.7 23 0.1 37 0.2 17,250 100.0
Texas 48,783 53.7 20,331 22.4 10,396 11.5 6,156 6.8 3,917 4.3 1,089 1.2 108 0.1 90,780 100.0
Utah 2,612 66.2 747 18.9 281 7.1 149 3.8 151 3.8 0 0.0 5 0.1 3,945 100.0
Vermont 1,530 59.3 672 26.0 267 10.3 98 3.8 11 0.4 2 0.1 0 0.0 2,580 100.0
Virginia @ 15,538 54.9 8,234 29.1 3,096 10.9 759 2.7 400 1.4 131 0.5 127 0.4 28,285 100.0
Washington @ 14,691 53.3 6,759 24.5 2,756 10.0 1,617 5.9 1,171 4.2 446 1.6 118 0.4 27,558 100.0
West Virginia 966 36.9 907 34.6 473 18.1 136 5.2 44 1.7 1 0.0 92 3.5 2,619 100.0
Wisconsin ++ 6,821 48.7 3,754 26.8 1,701 12.1 966 6.9 647 4.6 115 0.8 0 0.0 14,004 1 |
