Endemic Countries

The areas in patterned red indicate that vectorborne T. cruzi transmission occurs, or occurred until recently, in parts of these countries:  Mexico, Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Honduras, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Panama, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela.

Transmission by the main domestic vector, Triatoma infestans, has been interrupted in Uruguay, Chile, Brazil and parts of Argentina.

The southern half of the continental United States and the Amazon region of South America (shown in gray on the map) have documented Trypanosoma cruzi infection in vectors and nonhuman mammals, and risk of vectorborne transmission to humans.

In Canada and the northern US states, and the southern-most part of South America (shown in black on the map) the climate is not compatible with triatomine bug survival; vectorborne Chagas disease transmission has never been reported.

The Dominican Republic, Cuba, Puerto Rico and other islands in the Caribbean have never had vectorborne Chagas disease transmission.