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Oxidative stress and reduced responsiveness of challenged circulating leukocytes following pulmonary instillation of metal-rich particulate matter in rats.

Erdely-A; Antonini-JM; Young-S-H; Kashon-ML; Gu-JK; Hulderman-T; Salmen-R; Meighan-T; Roberts-JR; Zeidler-Erdely-PC

Part Fibre Toxicol 2014 Aug; 11:34

http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12989-014-0034-8

20044966

Welding fume is an exposure that consists of a mixture of metal-rich particulate matter with gases (ozone, carbon monoxide) and/or vapors (VOCs). Data suggests that welders are immune compromised. Given the inability of pulmonary leukocytes to properly respond to a secondary infection in animal models, the question arose whether the dysfunction persisted systemically. Our aim was to evaluate the circulating leukocyte population in terms of cellular activation, presence of oxidative stress, and functionality after a secondary challenge, following welding fume exposure. Rats were intratracheally instilled (ITI) with PBS or 2 mg of welding fume collected from a stainless steel weld. Rats were sacrificed 4 and 24 h pos-texposure and whole blood was collected. Whole blood was used for cellular differential counts, RNA isolation with subsequent microarray and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis, and secondary stimulation with LPS utilizing TruCulture technology. In addition, mononuclear cells were isolated 24 h post-exposure to measure oxidative stress by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. Welding fume exposure had rapid effects on the circulating leukocyte population as identified by relative mRNA expression changes. Instillation of welding fume reduced inflammatory protein production of circulating leukocytes when challenged with the secondary stimulus LPS. The effects were not related to transcription, but were observed in conjunction with oxidative stress. These findings support previous studies of an inadequate pulmonary immune response following a metal-rich exposure and extend those findings showing leukocyte dysfunction occurs systemically.

Exposure-assessment; Exposure-levels; Welding; Fumes; Metal-fumes; Particulates; Laboratory-animals; Immune-reaction; Immune-system; Blood-sampling; Proteins; Leukocytes; Oxidative-processes; Cell-function; Cellular-reactions; Genes; Ribonucleic-acids; Pulmonary-system; Pulmonary-function; Cardiovascular-disease; Author Keywords: Microarray; Welding; Immunosuppression; Cardiovascular disease; Chromium; Whole blood cell gene expression

Aaron Erdely, NIOSH/HELD/PPRB, 1095 Willowdale Rd, MS-2015, Morgantown, WV 26505-2888, USA

12597-68-1; 7440-47-3

20140815

Journal Article

efi4@cdc.gov

2014

M082014

1743-8977

HELD

Particle and Fibre Toxicology

WV; MD