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A novel system to generate WTC dust particles for inhalation exposures.

Vaughan JM; Garrett BJ; Prophete C; Horton L; Sisco M; Soukup JM; Zelikoff JT; Ghio A; Peltier RE; Asgharian B; Chen L-C; Cohen MD

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 2014 Jan-Feb; 24(1):105-112

https://doi.org/10.1038/jes.2013.68

20043389

First responders (FRs) present at Ground Zero within the critical first 72 h after the World Trade Center (WTC) collapse have progressively exhibited significant respiratory injury. The majority (>96%) of WTC dusts were >10 µm and no studies have examined potential health effects of this size fraction. This study sought to develop a system to generate and deliver supercoarse (10-53 µm) WTC particles to a rat model in a manner that mimicked FR exposure scenarios. A modified Fishing Line generator was integrated onto an intratracheal inhalation (ITIH) system that allowed for a bypassing of the nasal passages so as to mimic FR exposures. Dust concentrations were measured gravimetrically; particle size distribution was measured via elutriation. Results indicate that the system could produce dusts with 23 µm mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) at levels up to >/=1200 mg/m3. To validate system utility, F344 rats were exposed for 2 h to approximate 100 mg WTC dust/m3. Exposed rats had significantly increased lung weight and levels of select tracer metals 1 h after exposure. Using this system, it is now possible to conduct relevant inhalation exposures to determine adverse WTC dusts impacts on the respiratory system. Furthermore, this novel integrated Fishing Line-ITIH system could potentially be used in the analyses of a wide spectrum of other dusts/pollutants of sizes previously untested or delivered to the lungs in ways that did not reflect realistic exposure scenarios.

Emergency-response; Emergency-responders; Respiratory-system-disorders; Pulmonary-system-disorders; Lung-disorders; Particulate-dust; Dust-analysis; Dust-exposure; Dust-measurement; Dust-particles; Nasal-cavity; Analytical-instruments; Analytical-models; Laboratory-techniques; Gravimetric-analysis; Particle-aerodynamics; Lung; Trace-metals; Laboratory-animals; Exposure-levels; Exposure-methods; Inhalation-studies; Author Keywords: World Trade Center; WTC; dust; fishing line; generator; intratracheal inhalation

Dr. Mitchell D. Cohen, Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, 57 Old Forge Road, Tuxedo, NY 10987, USA

JEAEE9

20140101

Journal Article

mitchell.cohen@nyumc.org

Grant

2014

Grant-Number-R01-OH-008280; M112013

1

1559-0631

Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology

NY; NC; MA

New York University School of Medicine