Evaluating the toxicity of airborne particulate matter and nanoparticles by measuring oxidative stress potential - a workshop report and consensus statement.
Authors
Ayres JG; Borm P; Cassee F; Castranova V; Donaldson K; Ghio A; Harrison RM; Hider R; Kelly F; Kooter I; Marano F; Maynard RL; Mudway I; Nel A; Sioutas C; Smith S; Baeza-Squiban A; Cho A; Duggan S; Froines J
Background: There is a strong need for laboratory in vitro test systems for the toxicity of airborne particulate matter and nanoparticles. The measurement of oxidative stress potential offers a promising way forward. Objectives: a workshop was convened involving leading workers from the field in order to review the available test methods and to generate a Consensus Statement. Discussions: workshop participants summarised their own research activities as well as discussion of the relative merits of different test methods. Conclusions: in vitro test methods have an important role to play in the screening of toxicity in airborne particulate matter and nanoparti- cles. In vitro cell challenges were preferable to in vitro acellular systems but both have a potential major role to play and offer large cost advantages relative to human or animal inhalation studies and animal in vivo installation experiments. There remains a need to compare tests one with another on standardised samples and also to establish a correlation with the results of population-based epidemiology.
Roy M. Harrison, Division of Environmental Health & Risk Management, School of Geography, Earth & Environmental Sciences, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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