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DNA damage, DNA repair, and mutagenesis.

Authors
Poirier MC; Weston A
Source
Encyclopedia of Cancer, 2nd Edition. Bertino JR, ed., San Diego, CA: Academic Press, 2002 Jul; 2:79-87
Link
NIOSHTIC No.
20023246
Abstract
DNA damage consists of (a) formation of carcinogen-DNA adducts and other chemical modifications of DNA bases and (b) alternations in DNA ultrastructure (DNA strand cross-links/DNA strand breaks/chromatid exchange/chromosomal loss). DNA damange can be induced by endogenous processes and by exogenous chemical and physical agents. A potential consequence of DNA damage is mutagenesis, i.e., a permanent alteration in DNA structure that produces miscopying of information during DNA replication and yields abnormal gene products (proteins). The process of carcinogenesis is considered to require mutations in multiple cricical genes, and the risk of cancer is reduced when potentially mutagenic DNA damage is removed by DNA repair.
Keywords
DNA-damage; DNA-adducts; Carcinogens; Mutagenesis; Mutation; Gene-mutation; Cancer
Publication Date
20020703
Document Type
Book or book chapter
Editors
Bertino JR
Fiscal Year
2002
ISBN No.
0122275551
NIOSH Division
HELD
Priority Area
Research Tools and Approaches: Cancer Research Methods
Source Name
Encyclopedia of Cancer
State
WV
Page last reviewed: May 11, 2023
Content source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Education and Information Division