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Effect of ozone treatment on airway reactivity and epithelium-derived relaxing factor in guinea pigs.

Fedan JS; Millecchia LL; Johnston RA; Rengasamy A; Hubbs A; Dey RD; Yuan LX; Watson D; Goldsmith WT; Reynolds JS; Orsini L; Dortch-Carnes J; Cutler D; Frazer DG

J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2000 Jun; 293(3):724-734

https://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/293/3/724

20020666

Ozone (O(3)) is toxic to respiratory epithelium and causes airway inflammation and hyperreactivity. To evaluate the role of the epithelium in the development of hyperreactivity, we examined in guinea pigs the effects of inhaled O(3) (3 ppm for 1 h; 0-24 h after exposure) on 1) reactivity to inhaled methacholine (MCh), 2) reactivity of the isolated, perfused trachea (IPT) to MCh, 3) epithelium-derived relaxing factor (EpDRF)-mediated relaxations of IPT induced by mucosal hyperosmolar solutions, 4) neurogenic contraction and relaxation responses, 5) transepithelial potential difference, and 6) microscopic analysis of nitrotyrosine immunofluorescence, substance P fiber density, and tracheal morphology. At 0 h, O(3) caused hyperreactivity to inhaled MCh and mucosally but not serosally applied MCh in IPT (only in the presence of the epithelium) and a decrease in transepithelial potential difference. Inhibition of EpDRF-induced relaxation responses occurred at 2 h. All of these changes returned to control by 12 to 18 h. O(3) had no effect on neurogenic responses. Nitrotyrosine immunofluorescence appeared in the trachea at 0 h in detached epithelial cell ghosts and in intrapulmonary airways by 6 h. Substance P fiber density was elevated in smooth muscle at 0 and 18 h but not in epithelium or lamina propria of intrapulmonary and extrapulmonary bronchi. Loss of cilia and mucosubstances in the mucosa occurred at 0 h; the epithelium became markedly attenuated over 12 to 24 h. A reversible increase in epithelial permeability and a decrease in EpDRF production may contribute to O(3)-induced hyperreactivity to MCh.

Laboratory-animals; Animals; Animal-studies; Airway-obstruction; Toxins; Respiratory-system-disorders; Pulmonary-system-disorders

JPETAB

10028-15-6

20000601

Journal Article

jsf2@cdc.gov

2000

0022-3565

HELD

Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics

WV