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An exploratory assessment of the risk of lung cancer associated with exposure to diesel exhaust based on a study in rats.

Authors
Smith-R; Stayner-L
Source
Respirable dust in the mineral industries, proceedings of the 3rd symposium on respirable dust in the mineral industries, October 17-19, 1990, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Frantz RL, Ramani RV, eds. Littleton, CO: Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration, Inc., 1991 Jan; :29-49
Link
NIOSHTIC No.
00209234
Abstract
The risk of lung cancer among miners with occupational exposure to diesel exhaust was quantitatively assessed. The effects of chronic exposure to diesel fumes on Fischer-344-rats formed a large part of the basis for this report. The tumor response data was modeled using an adaptation of the Armitage-Doll multistage model. This model includes an age/dependent effect of exposure analysis. All tumors, benign and malignant, were fitted to this model. The model was also fitted to the malignant tumors only. Based on a linear approximation the results from the multistage model were used to estimate unit risk or potency. To scale the results from airborne exposure in rats to humans, a biologically equivalent dose was developed. This dose was adjusted for differences in weight, ventilation rate, deposition fraction, and the percentage of time actually exposed. Comparisons were made with the risk estimates derived from modeling other rat inhalation bioassays and from the use of different models. Based on these findings, the excess risk to miners of lung cancer at the upper range of the diesel particulate exposure was approximately 1.5 to 3 in 100.
Keywords
Lung-disease; Respiratory-system-disorders; Lung-irritants; Risk-factors; Risk-analysis; Epidemiology; Mining-industry; Equipment-operators; Diesel-emissions; Diesel-exhausts
Publication Date
19910101
Document Type
Conference/Symposia Proceedings
Editors
Frantz-RL; Ramani-RV
Fiscal Year
1991
ISBN No.
9780873350983
NIOSH Division
DSDTT
Source Name
Respirable dust in the mineral industries, proceedings of the 3rd symposium on respirable dust in the mineral industries, October 17-19, 1990, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
State
OH; PA; CO
Page last reviewed: April 12, 2019
Content source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Education and Information Division