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Sensory irritation: the use of an animal model to establish acceptable exposure to airborne chemical irritants.

Authors
Alarie-Y; Kane-L; Barrow-C
Source
Toxicology: Principles and Practice. Reeves AL, Sperling F, eds., New York: Wiley, 1981 Jan; 1:48-92
Link
NIOSHTIC No.
00185572
Abstract
The use of a mouse model for determining human exposure limits to airborne chemical irritants was reviewed. Requirements of modelling included a characteristic response applicable to measuring protocols, an adequate anatomical and physiological basis for the measured response, demonstrable dose response relationships, and qualitative correlations between the human and animal effects observed. Changes in the expiratory pattern and respiratory rate of male Swiss-Webster-mice were compared to predicted human sensory responses such as burning sensations of the eyes, nose, and throat following exposure to a variety of sensory irritants. Discussion included predictions of human sensory irritation levels from the concentration resulting in a 50 percent decrease in respiratory rate (RD50) values obtained in the male Swiss-Webster-mice, the proposed relationship of the RD50 concentration values to industrial and environmental standards, adaptation effects, cumulative effects due to repeated exposures, and the evaluation of mixtures and thermal decomposition products. The author suggests that the animal model can predict sensory irritation in humans for new chemicals and chemical mixtures and can be used to make quantitative predictions for human responses while allowing evaluation of the relationship between exposure conditions and response level.
Keywords
NIOSH-Grant; Pulmonary-system-disorders; Air-contamination; Respiratory-irritants; Laboratory-animals; Analytical-models; Environmental-exposure; Threshold-limit-values
Contact
Occupational Health University of Pittsburgh 130 DE Soto Street Pittsburgh, PA 15213
Publication Date
19810101
Document Type
Chapter
Editors
Reeves-AL; Sperling-F
Funding Amount
332059
Funding Type
Grant
Fiscal Year
1981
ISBN No.
9780471713401
Identifying No.
Grant-Number-R01-OH-00367
Priority Area
Pulmonary-system-disorders
Source Name
Toxicology: Principles and Practice
State
PA
Performing Organization
University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Page last reviewed: April 12, 2019
Content source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Education and Information Division