Ethane, 1,2-dibromo-

RTECS #
KH9275000
CAS #
106-93-4
See: NMAM or OSHA Methods
Updated
March 2019
Molecular Weight
187.88
Molecular Formula
C2H4Br2
Synonyms
1,2-Dibromaethan (German)
1,2-Dibromoetano (Italian)
1,2-Dibromoethane
1,2-Dibromoethane (OSHA)
1,2-Dibroomethaan (Dutch)
1,2-Ethylene dibromide
Aadibroom
Aethylenbromid (German)
alpha,beta-Dibromoethane
Bromofume
Bromuro di etile (Italian)
Celmide
Dibromure d'ethylene (French)
Dowfume 40
Dowfume EDB
Dowfume W-100
Dowfume W-8
Dowfume W-85
Dowfume W-90
Dwubromoetan (Polish)
EDB
EDB-85
ENT 15,349
Ethylene bromide
Ethylene dibromide
Ethylene dibromide (ACGIH:OSHA)
Fumo-gas
Glycol bromide
Glycol dibromide
Iscobrome D
NCI-C00522
Nefis
Nephis
Pestmaster
Pestmaster edb-85
RCRA waste number U067
Soilbrom
Soilbrom-100
Soilbrom-40
Soilbrom-85
Soilbrom-90
Soilbrom-90EC
Soilbrome-85
Soilfume
sym-Dibromoethane
Unifume

Skin and Eye Irritation and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
eye /rabbit 1%AMIHBC 6,158,1952
eye /rabbit 0.1 mL rinseHPV222 -,-,2001
skin /human 1538 mg/2H severeAGGHAR 8,591,1938
skin /rabbit 1%/14D severeAMIHBC 6,158,1952

Mutation Data and Reference

System TestRoute/Organism/TissueDoseReference
Cytogenetic Analysislymphocyte/other fish100 µmol/LENMUDM 8,555,1986
Cytogenetic Analysisovary/hamster150 mg/LMUTAEX 4,432,1989
Cytogenetic Analysislung/hamster2 mmol/LMUREAV 78,177,1980
DNA adductlymphocyte/mammal (species unspecified)1 mmol/LTOLED5 11,243,1982
DNA adductintraperitoneal/rat5 mg/kg/8HCRTOEC 20,1594,2007
DNA adductintraperitoneal/mouse5 mg/kg/8HCRTOEC 20,1594,2007
DNA adductintraperitoneal/rat15 mg/kgCNREA8 49,5843,1989
DNA adductintraperitoneal/rat16800 nmol/kgCNREA8 38,2438,1978
DNA adductliver/rat80 µmol/LCRNGDP 3,1129,1982
DNA Damageoral/rat20 µmol/kgBBRCA9 141,723,1986
DNA Damage/Escherichia coli1 µmol/LARTODN 46,277,1980
DNA Damageoral/rat150 mg/kg/3D- intermittentMUREAV 786-788,144,2015
DNA Damageliver/rat20 µmol/L/3HMUREAV 629,49,2007
DNA Damageintraperitoneal/mouse50 mg/kgCRNGDP 2,839,1981
DNA Damageoral/mouse150 mg/kgFEPRA7 39,1022,1980
DNA inhibitionintraperitoneal/mouse55 mg/kgMUREAV 163,193,1986
DNA inhibition/Escherichia coli23 mmol/LBCPCA6 23,2345,1974
DNA inhibitionlymphocyte/human5 mL/LCALEDQ 13,213,1981
DNA repair/Escherichia coli10 mg/plateCNREA8 34,2576,1974
gene conversion and mitotic recombination/Saccharomyes cerevisiae170 µmol/LIARCCD 10,161,1974
heritable translocation testoral/Drosophila melanogaster25 ppmEMMUEG 23,208,1994
host-mediated assaySalmonella typhimurium/mouse500 mg/kgBIZNAT 91,311,1972
micronucleus testmultiple/non-mammalian species5300 nmol/LMUTAEX 4,17,1989
micronucleus testlymphocyte/human1 mmol/LEMMUEG 20,117,1992
morphological transformoral/rat75 mg/kgTOPADD 12,307,1984
morphological transformembryo/rat12 µg/plateJJATDK 1,190,1981
morphological transformoral/mouse75 mg/kgARTODN 58,118,1985
morphological transformembryo/hamster500 mg/LAETODY 1,241,1980
mutation in mammalian somatic cellslymphocyte/mouse150 mg/L/4HMUREAV 59,61,1979
mutation in mammalian somatic cellsinhalation/mouse30 ppm/10D-continuousMUREAV 405,193,1998
mutation in mammalian somatic cellslymphocyte/human5 mg/LMUREAV 142,133,1985
mutation in mammalian somatic cellsovary/hamster1 mmol/LMUREAV 90,183,1981
mutation in mammalian somatic cellsother cell types/human5000 µg/L/72HHPV222 -,-,2001
mutation in microorganisms/Escherichia coli1 µg/plateMUREAV 577S,1,2005
mutation in microorganisms/Salmonella typhimurium5000 µg/plate/24H (+/-enzymatic activation step)HPV222 -,-,2001
mutation in microorganisms/Escherichia coli5000 µg/plate/24H (+/-enzymatic activation step)HPV222 -,-,2001
mutation in microorganisms/Escherichia coli0.02 mmol/L/90MJBCHA3 277,37920,2002
mutation in microorganisms/Salmonella typhimurium1000 mg/L/2H (-enzymatic activation step)EMMUEG 44,329,2004
mutation in microorganismslymphocyte/mouse45 mg/L/4H (+enzymatic activation step)MUREAV 59,61,1979
mutation in microorganismsovary/hamster400 µmol/L (+enzymatic activation step)MUREAV 90,183,1981
mutation in microorganisms/Neurospora crassa36000 ppm (-enzymatic activation step)STEVA8 11,223,1979
mutation in microorganisms/Aspergillus nidulans10 µL/plate (-enzymatic activation step)PMRSDJ 2,87,1981
mutation in microorganisms/Other microorganisms2 µL/plate (-enzymatic activation step)PMRSDJ 2,87,1981
mutation in microorganisms/Escherichia coli333 µg/plate (+enzymatic activation step)ENMUDM 7(Suppl 5),1,1985
mutation in microorganisms/Salmonella typhimurium1 µg/plate (+enzymatic activation step)ENMUDM 7(Suppl 5),1,1985
mutation in microorganisms/Escherichia coli20 µL/disc (-enzymatic activation step)BKNJA5 23,69,1980
other mutation test systems/Escherichia coli350 nmol/tubeMUREAV 147,79,1985
other mutation test systems/Salmonella typhimurium1600 ppmENMUDM 9,171,1987
other mutation test systems/Escherichia coli23 mmol/LBCPCA6 23,2345,1974
other mutation test systemsliver/rat80 µmol/LCRNGDP 3,1129,1982
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunctionoral/Drosophila melanogaster300 µmol/LEXPEAM 30,621,1974
sex chromosome loss and nondisjunctioninhalation/Drosophila melanogaster2 ppmMUREAV 68,59,1979
sister chromatid exchangefibroblast/human2500 nmol/LMUREAV 389,291,1997
sister chromatid exchangelymphocyte/human10 nmol/LMUREAV 97,188,1982
sister chromatid exchangelymphocyte/other fish100 µmol/LENMUDM 8,555,1986
sister chromatid exchangeovary/hamster5 mg/LSCIEAS 236,933,1987
sister chromatid exchangelung/hamster500 µmol/LMUREAV 78,177,1980
specific locus testother cell types/mouse188 gm/L/24HEMMUEG 45,80,2005
specific locus testovary/hamster0.5 mmol/L/2HMUREAV 684,35,2010
specific locus testinhalation/Drosophila melanogaster14 ppm/24HMUREAV 182,243,1987
sperm morphologysubcutaneous/mammal (species unspecified)93600 µg/kg/12D- intermittentFCTXAV 18,743,1980
sperm morphologyintraperitoneal/rat50 mg/kg/5DSTEVA8 11,223,1979
Unscheduled DNA Synthesislymphocyte/mammal (species unspecified)10 mmol/LSTEVA8 11,223,1979
Unscheduled DNA Synthesisintraperitoneal/mouse75 mg/kgHPV222 -,-,2001
Unscheduled DNA Synthesisintraperitoneal/rat100 mg/kgHPV222 -,-,2001
Unscheduled DNA Synthesisoral/rat75 gm/kgLAINAW 38,279,1978
Unscheduled DNA Synthesisliver/rat50 ppmMUREAV 97,359,1982
Unscheduled DNA Synthesissperm/rat1 µmol/LENMUDM 5,489,1983

Reproductive Effects Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
inhalation/rat 66670 ppb/4H (3-20D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on newborn: Growth statistics (e.g., reduced weight gain)NTOTDY 5,579,1983
inhalation/rat 80 ppm/23H (6-15D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal deathTXAPA9 45,347,1978
inhalation/rat 89 ppm/7H (10W male)Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct

Reproductive: Paternal effects: Prostate, seminal vesicle, Cowper's gland, accessory glands

Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Male fertility index (e.g., # males impregnating females per # males exposed to fertile nonpregnant females)
TXAPA9 49,97,1979
inhalation/rat 39 ppm/7H (3W prior to copulation)Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Mating performance (e.g., # sperm positive females per # females mated; # copulations per # estrus cycles)TXAPA9 49,97,1979
inhalation/rat 80 ppm/7H (3W prior to copulation)Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Female fertility index (e.g., # females pregnant per # sperm positive females; # females pregnant per # females mated)TXAPA9 49,97,1979
inhalation/mouse 38 ppm/23H (6-15D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal deathTXAPA9 45,347,1978
inhalation/mouse 20 ppm/23H (6-15D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)

Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
TXAPA9 46,173,1978
inhalation/mouse 38 ppm/23H (6-15D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Litter size (e.g., # fetuses per litter; measured before birth)TXAPA9 46,173,1978
inhalation/mouse 32 ppm/23H (6-15D pregnant)Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)

Reproductive: Specific developmental abnormalities: Musculoskeletal system
NTIS** PB256-659
inhalation/man 88 ppb/8H (5Y male)Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)BJIMAG 44,317,1987
inhalation/rat 20 ppm (6-15D pregnant)Reproductive: Other effects on femaleHPV222 -,-,2001
inhalation/rat 38 ppm (6-15D pregnant)Reproductive: Other effects on female

Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)

Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
HPV222 -,-,2001
inhalation/mouse 20 ppm (6-15D pregnant)Reproductive: Other effects on female

Reproductive: Effects on fertility: Post- implantation mortality (e.g., dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)

Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
HPV222 -,-,2001
oral/rat 50 mg/kg (5D male)Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetal deathMUREAV 77,71,1980
oral/cattle 40 mg/kg (10D male)Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)JRPFA4 44,561,1975
subcutaneous/cattle 93600 µg/kg (12D male)Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)JULRA7 67,124,1979
subcutaneous/rabbit 225 mg/kg (5D male)Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)FAATDF 16,687,1991
unreported route/rat 25 mg/kg (1D male)Reproductive: Effects on newborn: BehavioralTJADAB 27,27A,1983

Tumorigenic Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
inhalation/mouse lowest published toxic concentration: 40 ppm/6H/90W- intermittentTumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria

Olfaction: Tumors
CALEDQ 12,121,1981
inhalation/mouse lowest published toxic concentration: 2620.8 mg/kg/78W- continuousTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Bronchogenic carcinoma
NTIS** PB82-181710
inhalation/mouse lowest published toxic concentration: 655.2 mg/kg/78W- continuousTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Blood: Tumors

Skin and Appendages: Tumors
NTIS** PB82-181710
inhalation/mouse lowest published toxic concentration: 40 ppm/78W- intermittentTumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Bronchogenic carcinoma

Tumorigenic: Increased incidence of tumors in susceptible strains
HPV222 -,-,2001
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 20 ppm/72W- intermittentTumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Endocrine: Tumors

Tumorigenic: Increased incidence of tumors in susceptible strains
HPV222 -,-,2001
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 10 ppm/6H/2Y- intermittentTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Olfaction: Tumors

Vascular: Tumors
NCITR* NCI-TR-201,1982
inhalation/rat toxic concentration: 20 ppm/7H/78W- intermittentTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Endocrine: Adrenal cortex tumors

Skin and Appendages: Tumors
TXAPA9 63,155,1982
inhalation/rat toxic concentration: 10 ppm/6H/2Y- intermittentTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Vascular: Tumors

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors
NTPTR* NTP-TR-210,1982
inhalation/rat toxic concentration: 40 ppm/6H/88W- intermittentTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Olfaction: Tumors

Vascular: Tumors
NCITR* NCI-TR-201,1982
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 327.6 mg/kg/78W- continuousTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Olfaction: Tumors

Endocrine: Thyroid tumors
NTIS** PB82-181710
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 1310.4 mg/kg/78W- continuousTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Endocrine: Thyroid tumors

Blood: Tumors
NTIS** PB82-181710
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 273 mg/kg/78W- continuousTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Endocrine: Thyroid tumors

Skin and Appendages: Tumors
NTIS** PB82-181710
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 1092 mg/kg/78W- continuousTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Bronchogenic carcinoma

Skin and Appendages: Tumors
NTIS** PB82-181710
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 840 mg/kg/8W- intermittentTumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors
TXAPA9 82,19,1986
oral/mouse toxic dose: 23 gm/kg/53W- intermittentTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors

Gastrointestinal: Tumors
NCITR* NCI-TR-86,1978
oral/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 16 gm/kg/53W- intermittentTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors

Gastrointestinal: Tumors
NCITR* NCI-TR-86,1978
oral/mouse toxic dose: 28 gm/kg/53W- intermittentTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors

Gastrointestinal: Tumors
NCITR* NCI-TR-86,1978
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 540 mg/kg/78W- continuousTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Vascular: Tumors

Blood: Tumors
BANRDU 5,279,1980
oral/rat toxic dose: 7000 mg/kg/47W- intermittentTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Gastrointestinal: Tumors

Liver: Tumors
NCITR* NCI-TR-86,1978
oral/rat toxic dose: 18 gm/kg/44W- intermittentTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Gastrointestinal: Tumors

Liver: Tumors
NCITR* NCI-TR-86,1978
oral/rat toxic dose: 24 gm/kg/57W- intermittentTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Gastrointestinal: Tumors

Liver: Tumors
NCITR* NCI-TR-86,1978
oral/rat toxic dose: 6630 mg/kg/34W- intermittentTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Gastrointestinal: Tumors

Liver: Tumors
NCITR* NCI-TR-86,1978
oral/rat toxic dose: 16 gm/kg/61W- intermittentTumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria

Gastrointestinal: Tumors

Liver: Tumors
NCITR* NCI-TR-86,1978
skin/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 190 gm/kg/62W- intermittentTumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors

Skin and Appendages: Tumors
JJIND8 63,1433,1979

Acute Toxicity Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
In Vitro/Mouse, fibroblast Inhibitor Concentration Low: 50 mg/L/48HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell growth: Colony formationTIVIEQ 25,1183,2011
In Vitro/Mouse, fibroblast Inhibitor Concentration Low: 50 mg/L/72HIn Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell growth: Colony formationTIVIEQ 25,1183,2011
In Vitro/Mouse, fibroblast Inhibitor Concentration Low: 48 mg/L/48HTumorigenic: Cells (cultured) transformedTIVIEQ 25,1183,2011
inhalation/cat lowest published toxic concentration: 2100 mg/m3/4HBehavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Cough
VCVGH* -,587,1990
inhalation/cat Lowest published lethal concentration: 4100 mg/m3VCVGH* -,587,1990
inhalation/Dog Lowest published lethal concentration: 22000 mg/m3/1HEye: Corneal damageVCVGH* -,587,1990
inhalation/guinea pig Lowest published lethal concentration: 7800 mg/m3VCVGH* -,587,1990
inhalation/guinea pig Lowest published lethal concentration: 3000 mg/m3/3HBehavioral: Excitement

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Cough

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
VCVGH* -,587,1990
inhalation/guinea pig Lowest published lethal concentration: 400 ppm/3HNutritional and Gross Metabolic: Conditioned vitamin deficiency

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Chronic pulmonary edema or congestion

Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal
AMIHBC 6,158,1952
inhalation/human Lowest published lethal concentration: 215 mg/m3/20MBehavioral: Coma

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Cough

Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting
VCVGH* -,587,1990
inhalation/mammal (species unspecified) Lowest published lethal concentration: 3000 mg/m3/2HVCVGH* -,587,1990
inhalation/mammal (species unspecified) lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 14300 mg/m3VCVGH* -,572,1990
inhalation/mammal (species unspecified) Lowest published lethal concentration: 1540 mg/m3/7HBehavioral: General anestheticVCVGH* -,587,1990
inhalation/mouse Lowest published lethal concentration: 1700 mg/m3/100MVCVGH* -,587,1990
inhalation/rat Lowest published lethal concentration: 12300 mg/m3/24MBehavioral: General anestheticVCVGH* -,587,1990
inhalation/rat lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 14300 mg/m3/30MPeripheral Nerve and Sensation: Flaccid paralysis without anesthesia (usually neuromuscular blockage)

Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea
FATOBP 8,140,1973
inhalation/rat lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 700 ppm/1HBehavioral: General anesthetic

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression
HPV222 -,-,2001
inhalation/rat lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 300 ppm/3HBehavioral: General anesthetic

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression
HPV222 -,-,2001
inhalation/rat lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 200 ppm/10HBehavioral: General anesthetic

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression
HPV222 -,-,2001
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 40 mg/kgKidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in both tubules and glomeruli

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Peptidases
TXCYAC 186,181,2003
intraperitoneal/mouse lowest published toxic dose: 40 mg/kgKidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes in urine composition

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changes

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Peptidases
TOXID9 72(Suppl 1),347,2003
intraperitoneal/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 220 mg/kgJPCEAO 320,133,1978
oral/chicken lethal dose (50 percent kill): 79 mg/kgAMIHBC 6,158,1952
oral/guinea pig lethal dose (50 percent kill): 0.11 gm/kgHPV222 -,-,2001
oral/man lowest published toxic dose: 42800 mL/kgLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Respiratory depression

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Renal function tests depressed

Skin and Appendages: Other: Sweating
VHTODE 43,91,2001
oral/man lowest published toxic dose: 42800 mL/kgGastrointestinal: Hypermotility, diarrhea

Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting
VHTODE 43,91,2001
oral/man lowest published toxic dose: 43 µL/kgLiver: Jaundice, other or unclassified

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis)

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Changes in: Metabolic acidosis
HETOEA 19,152,2000
oral/mouse lowest published lethal dose: 250 mg/kgTXAPA9 23,288,1972
oral/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 0.42 gm/kgHPV222 -,-,2001
oral/quail lethal dose (50 percent kill): 130 mg/kgBehavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Dyspnea

Gastrointestinal: Hypermotility, diarrhea
BPOSA4 22,355,1981
oral/rabbit lethal dose (50 percent kill): 0.055 gm/kgHPV222 -,-,2001
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 120 mg/kgKidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in kidney weight

Endocrine: Changes in adrenal weight
VCVGH* -,587,1990
oral/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 108 mg/kgSPEADM 78-1,17,1978
oral/woman lowest published lethal dose: 90 mg/kgGastrointestinal: Hypermotility, diarrhea

Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Urine volume decreased or anuria
34ZIAG -,257,1969
rectal/rabbit lowest published lethal dose: 2500 mg/kgLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes

Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse
JPETAB 34,223,1928
skin/rabbit lethal dose (50 percent kill): 300 mg/kgNutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature decrease

Skin: After topical application: Corrosive
AMIHBC 6,158,1952
skin/rabbit lowest published lethal dose: 0.21 gm/kgBehavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)

Skin: After topical application: Primary irritation

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature decrease
HPV222 -,-,2001
skin/rat lethal dose (50 percent kill): 300 mg/kg85DPAN -,-,1971/1976
unreported route/mouse lethal dose (50 percent kill): 146 mg/kg30ZDA9 -,38,1971

Other Multiple Dose Data and References

Route/OrganismDoseEffectReference
inhalation/guinea pig lowest published toxic concentration: 50 ppm/7H/80D- intermittentLung, Thorax, or Respiration: Changes in lung weight

Liver: Changes in liver weight

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
AMIHBC 6,158,1952
inhalation/guinea pig lowest published toxic concentration: 50 ppm/80D- intermittentLiver: Fatty liver degeneration

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis)

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
HPV222 -,-,2001
inhalation/monkey lowest published toxic concentration: 50 ppm/70D- intermittentLiver: Fatty liver degeneration

Liver: Changes in liver weight

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
HPV222 -,-,2001
inhalation/monkey lowest published toxic concentration: 50 ppm/7H/70D- intermittentBehavioral: Excitement

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
AMIHBC 6,158,1952
inhalation/mouse lowest published toxic concentration: 3 ppm/6H/13W- intermittentRelated to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type fieldNTPTR* NTP-TR-210,1982
inhalation/mouse lowest published toxic concentration: 40 ppm/78W- intermittentNutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field
HPV222 -,-,2001
inhalation/rabbit lowest published toxic concentration: 100 ppm/3D- intermittentLiver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal

Liver: Fatty liver degeneration

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field
HPV222 -,-,2001
inhalation/rabbit lowest published toxic concentration: 100 ppm/7H/4D- intermittentLiver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal

Liver: Fatty liver degeneration

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field
AMIHBC 6,158,1952
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 40 ppm/6H/13W- intermittentLiver: Changes in liver weight

Blood: Pigmented or nucleated red blood cells

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
FAATDF 1,437,1981
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 100 ppm/7H/9D- intermittentLiver: Changes in liver weight

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field
AMIHBC 6,158,1952
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 10 ppm/13W- intermittentLiver: Changes in liver weight

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
HPV222 -,-,2001
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 40 ppm/13W- intermittentLiver: Fatty liver degeneration

Liver: Changes in liver weight

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
HPV222 -,-,2001
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 20 ppm/72W- intermittentLiver: Changes in liver weight

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field
HPV222 -,-,2001
inhalation/rat lowest published toxic concentration: 50 ppm/70D- intermittentNutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field

Related to Chronic Data: Changes in testicular weight
HPV222 -,-,2001
intraperitoneal/rat lowest published toxic dose: 160 mg/kg/2D- intermittentKidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Other changesTOLED5 8,317,1981
oral/cattle lowest published toxic dose: 1066 mg/kg/533D- intermittentReproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)

Reproductive: Paternal effects: Testes, epididymis, sperm duct

Related to Chronic Data: Changes in testicular weight
FESTAS 18,144,1967
oral/quail lowest published toxic dose: 162 mg/kg/7D- intermittentLiver: Changes in liver weight

Blood: Pigmented or nucleated red blood cells

Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Lipids including transport
BPOSA4 22,355,1981
oral/quail lowest published toxic dose: 486 mg/kg/21D- intermittentBlood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase

Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases
BPOSA4 22,355,1981
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 120 mg/kg/3D- intermittentLiver: Other changes

Blood: Changes in cell count (unspecified)
MUREAV 702,40,2010
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 240 mg/kg/3D- intermittentLiver: Changes in liver weightMUREAV 702,40,2010
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 600 mg/kg/15D- intermittentLiver: Changes in liver weight

Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain
MUREAV 702,40,2010
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 360 mg/kg/9D- intermittentBlood: Changes in cell count (unspecified)MUREAV 702,40,2010
oral/rat lowest published toxic dose: 720 mg/kg/9D- intermittentBlood: Changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol)MUREAV 702,40,2010
subcutaneous/rabbit lowest published toxic dose: 45 mg/kg/5D- intermittentLiver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse

Reproductive: Paternal effects: Spermatogenesis (including genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)

Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field
HPV222 -,-,2001

Reviews

OrganizationStandardReference
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)Threshold Limit Value- skinDTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)Threshold Limit Value-Confirmed animal carcinogenDTLVS* TLV/BEI,2013
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient EvidenceIMEMDT 15,195,1977
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Animal Sufficient EvidenceIMEMDT 71,641,1999
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Human Inadequate EvidenceIMSUDL 7,204,1987
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Human Inadequate EvidenceIMEMDT 71,641,1999
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)Cancer Review:Group 2AIMEMDT 71,641,1999
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWBNYMAM 54,413,1978
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWNTIS** PB83-184325
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTOLED5 127,111,2002
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 543,201,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 588,88,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWDIMON* 39,678,1993
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWFCTOD7 44,1699,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWBCLPT* 96,131,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 654,114,2008
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWHUTOX* -,561,1996
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 543,251,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWHTOPA* 1,501,2002
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTPHSDY 29,322,2008
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 590,1,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 705,184,2010
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 727,42,2011
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 723,108,2011
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 751,49,2012
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 769,34,2014
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 783,66,2015
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWTXCYAC 307,123,2013
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWEMMUEG 44,372,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUREAV 802,1,2016
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUTAEX 31,347,2016
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWRTOPDW 53,134,2009
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWRTOPDW 59,364,2011
TOXICOLOGY REVIEWMUTAEX 33,179,2018

Standards and Regulations

OrganizationStandardReference
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATIONFEREAC 54,7740,1989
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) 1998 STATUS OF PESTICIDESCancelledRBREV* -,179,1998
Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) STANDARD-airtime-weighted average 20 ppm (145 mg/m3) (skin)DTLWS* 3,15,1973
Occupational Exposure Limit IN ARGENTINA, BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN check ACGIH TLV;
Occupational Exposure Limit IN SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV
Occupational Exposure Limit-ARAB Republic of Egypttime-weighted average 0.13 ppm (1 mg/m3), JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRALIACarcinogen, JUL2008
Occupational Exposure Limit-AUSTRIATRK-TMW 0.1 ppm (0.8 mg/m3);KZW 0.4 ppm (3.2 mg/m3), skin, 2007
Occupational Exposure Limit-BELGIUMSkin, MAR2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARKtime-weighted average 0.1 ppm (1 mg/m3), skin, carc, MAY2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-FINLANDtime-weighted average 0.1 ppm (0.78 mg/m3), skin, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-HUNGARYceiling concentration 0.8 mg/m3, Skin, Carcinogen, SEP2000
Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELANDtime-weighted average 0.1 ppm (1 mg/m3), carc, skin, NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-JAPAN2A carc, MAY2012
Occupational Exposure Limit-KOREAskin, 2006
Occupational Exposure Limit-NEW ZEALANDtime-weighted average 0.5 ppm (3.9 mg/m3), skin, JAN2002
Occupational Exposure Limit-PERUtime-weighted average 0.5 ppm (3.9 mg/m3), JUL2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-POLANDMAC(time-weighted average) 0.5 mg/m3, JAN1999
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWEDENGroup B Carcinogen, JUN2005
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWITZERLANDMAK-week 0.1 ppm (0.8 mg/m3), carc 2, skin, JAN2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-THAILANDtime-weighted average 20 ppm, short term exposure limit 30 ppm, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE NETHERLANDSMAC-TGG 0.002 mg/m3, 2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-THE PHILIPPINEStime-weighted average 25 ppm (190 mg/m3), Skin, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-TURKEYtime-weighted average 25 ppm (190 mg/m3), Skin, JAN1993
Occupational Exposure Limit-UNITED KINGDOMtime-weighted average 0.5 ppm (3.9 mg/m3), skin, OCT2007
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Construction)ceiling concentration 25 ppm (190 mg/m3) (skin)CFRGBR 29,1926.55,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Contractors)ceiling concentration 25 ppm (190 mg/m3) (skin)CFRGBR 41,50-204.50,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (General Industry)8H time-weighted average 20 ppm;ceiling concentration 30 ppm;Pk 50 ppm/5M/8HCFRGBR 29,1910.1000,1994
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (Shipyards)ceiling concentration 25 ppm (190 mg/m3) (skin)CFRGBR 29,1915.1000,1993

NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance

OrganizationStandardReference
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Level TO ETHYLENE DIBROMIDE-airCarcinogen time-weighted average 0.045 ppm;ceiling concentration 0.13 ppm/15MNIOSH* DHHS #92-100,1992
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983Hazard Code 23660; Number of Industries 7; Total Number of Facilities 496; Number of Occupations 13; Total Number of Employees Exposed 8559; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 792
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974Hazard Code 23660; Number of Industries 5; Total Number of Facilities 438; Number of Occupations 8; Total Number of Employees Exposed 7921

Status in Federal Agencies

OrganizationReference
ATSDR TOXICOLOGY PROFILE (NTIS** PB/93/110740/AS)
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Inconclusive: Histidine reversion-Ames test
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Negative: UDS in mouse germ cells
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Aspergillus-forward mutation; Carcinogenicity-mouse/rat
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Cell transform.-RLV F344 rat embryo
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: Cell transform.-SA7/SHE; Host-mediated assay
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: CHO gene mutation
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: D melanogaster Sex-linked lethal
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: E coli polA without S9; Sperm morphology-human
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: L5178Y cells in vitro-TK test; N crassa-forward mutation
EPA GENETOX PROGRAM 1988, Positive: S cerevisiae gene conversion
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NCI Carcinogenesis Studies (inhal);clear evidence:mouse,rat
NIOSH Analytical Method, 1994: Ethylene dibromide, 1008
NIOSH CURRENT INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN 3, 1975, AND BULLETIN 37, 1981
NTP 14th Report on Carcinogens,2016:Reasonably anticipated to be human carcinogen
NTP Carcinogenesis Bioassay (inhalation);clear evidence:mouse,rat NTPTR* NTP-TR-210,1982
On EPA IRIS database
OSHA ANALYTICAL METHOD #02
Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018