p-Cymene

RTECS #

GZ5950000

CAS #

99-87-6
See: NMAM or OSHA Methods

Updated

December 2017

Molecular Weight

134.24

Molecular Formula

C₁₀H₁₄

Synonyms

1-Methyl-4-isopropylbenzene
4-Isopropyl-1-methylbenzene
Benzene, 1-isopropyl-4-methyl-
Camphogen
Cumene, p-methyl-
Cymene
Cymol
Dolcymene
Paracymene
Paracymol
p-Isopropylmethylbenzene
p-Isopropyltoluene
p-Methylisopropyl benzene

Skin and Eye Irritation and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
skin /rabbit	500 mg/24H	moderate	FCTXAV 12,401,1974

Mutation Data and Reference

System Test	Route/Organism/Tissue	Dose	Reference
micronucleus test	intraperitoneal/rat	1250 mg/kg	HPV121 -,-,2002
morphological transform	fibroblast/mouse	60000 µg/L	HPV121 -,-,2002
Unscheduled DNA Synthesis	liver/rat	16000 µg/L	HPV121 -,-,2002

Acute Toxicity Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
In Vitro/Hamster, ovary	Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): >50 mg/L	In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.	JOETD7 151,652,2014
In Vitro/Human, fibroblast	Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): >50 mg/L	In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.	JOETD7 151,652,2014
In Vitro/Human, monocyte	Inhibitor Concentration Low: 1000 µg/L	In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.	FCTOD7 50,3079,2012
In Vitro/mvb	Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 20.06 mg/L/72H	In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell proliferation: DNA incorporation, mitotic index etc.	PYTOEY 20,615,2013
inhalation/guinea pig	lowest published toxic concentration: 9700 mg/m³/5H	Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold	HPV121 -,-,2002
inhalation/mouse	Lowest published lethal concentration: 9700 mg/m³/5H	Behavioral: Coma Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Liver: Other changes	HPV121 -,-,2002
inhalation/mouse	lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 19500 mg/m³		VCVGH* -,180,1990
inhalation/mouse	lethal concentration (50 percent kill): 24000 mg/m³/2H		TOVEFN (1),41,2006
inhalation/rat	Lowest published lethal concentration: 8000 ppm/4H		HPV121 -,-,2002
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 9700 mg/m³/5H	Behavioral: Tremor Behavioral: Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Gastrointestinal: Changes in structure or function of salivary glands	HPV121 -,-,2002
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 500 ppm/6H	Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay)	HPV121 -,-,2002
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 1200 ppm/6H	Behavioral: Change in motor activity (specific assay) Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Body temperature decrease	HPV121 -,-,2002
intraperitoneal/Dog	lowest published toxic dose: 2 gm/kg	Gastrointestinal: Hypermotility, diarrhea	VCVGH* -,180,1990
intraperitoneal/guinea pig	lowest published lethal dose: 2.162 mg/kg		VCVGH* -,180,1990
intraperitoneal/mouse	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1125 mg/kg		VCVGH* -,180,1990
oral/human	lowest published toxic dose: 42.86 mg/kg	Behavioral: Headache Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting	TOVEFN (1),41,2006
oral/human	lowest published toxic dose: 3 gm/kg	Gastrointestinal: Nausea or vomiting	VCVGH* -,181,1990
oral/mouse	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1695 mg/kg		VCVGH* -,180,1990
oral/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 40 mg/kg/2H	Behavioral: Analgesia	PYTOEY 20,436,2013
oral/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 40 mg/kg/1H	Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation	PYTOEY 20,436,2013
oral/rat	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 4750 mg/kg	Eye: Chromodacryorrhea Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) Gastrointestinal: Hypermotility, diarrhea	FCTXAV 2,327,1964
oral/rat	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 3200 mg/kg	Behavioral: Tremor Liver: Other changes Blood: Hemorrhage	HPV121 -,-,2002
oral/rat	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 4750 mg/kg	Behavioral: Coma Gastrointestinal: Hypermotility, diarrhea Blood: Hemorrhage	HPV121 -,-,2002
oral/rat	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 1400 mg/kg		HPV121 -,-,2002
oral/rat	lethal dose (90 percent kill): 5 mL/kg		VCVGH* -,180,1990
skin/rabbit	lethal dose (50 percent kill): >5000 mg/kg	Skin: After topical application: Primary irritation	HPV121 -,-,2002
skin/rabbit	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 10545 mg/kg		HPV121 -,-,2002

Other Multiple Dose Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
inhalation/rat	lowest published toxic concentration: 250 ppm/4W- intermittent	Brain and Coverings: Other degenerative changes	HPV121 -,-,2002

Reviews

Organization	Standard	Reference
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		JOETD7 174,540,2015

Standards and Regulations

Organization	Standard	Reference
Occupational Exposure Limit-DENMARK	time-weighted average 25 ppm (135 mg/m³), MAY2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-ICELAND	time-weighted average 25 ppm (135 mg/m³), NOV2011
Occupational Exposure Limit-RUSSIA	short term exposure limit 10 mg/m³, Skin, JUN2003
Occupational Exposure Limit-SWEDEN	time-weighted average 25 ppm (140 mg/m³);short term exposure limit 35 ppm (190 mg/m³), JUN2005

NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance

Organization	Standard	Reference
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983	Hazard Code X8309; Number of Industries 96; Total Number of Facilities 8820; Number of Occupations 81; Total Number of Employees Exposed 176382; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 39063

Status in Federal Agencies

Organization	Reference
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001

Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018

Content source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health