Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS)

Coumarin

RTECS #

GN4200000

CAS #

91-64-5

Updated

December 2013

Molecular Weight

146.15

Molecular Formula

C₉H₆O₂

Synonyms

1,2-Benzopyrone
2H-1-Benzopyran, 2-oxo-
2H-1-Benzopyran-2-one
2-Oxo-1,2-benzopyran
2-Propenoic acid, 3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-delta-lactone
Benzo-alpha-pyrone
Cinnamic acid, o-hydroxy-, delta-lactone
cis-o-Coumarinic acid lactone
Coumarinic anhydride
Cumarin
Kumarin (Czech)
NCI C07103
o-Hydroxycinnamic acid lactone
o-Hydroxycinnamic lactone
o-Hydroxyzimtsaure-lacton (German)
Rattex
Tonka bean camphor

Skin and Eye Irritation and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
skin /human	5%/2D		CODEDG 61,217,2009
skin /man	5%		CODEDG 60,347,2009

Mutation Data and Reference

System Test	Route/Organism/Tissue	Dose	Reference
Cytogenetic Analysis	ovary/hamster	1600 mg/L	EMMUEG 10(Suppl 10),1,1987
DNA Damage	lymphocyte/mammal (species unspecified)	20 mmol/L	PNASA6 48,686,1962
morphological transform	fibroblast/mouse	1 mg/L/21D (-enzymatic activation step)	EMMUEG 37,231,2001
mutation in microorganisms	/Salmonella typhimurium	50 mg/L/2H (+enzymatic activation step)	MUREAV 578,210,2005
mutation in microorganisms	/Salmonella typhimurium	1 mg/plate (-enzymatic activation step)	ENMUDM 5(Suppl 1),3,1983
other mutation test systems	/Escherichia coli	62500 ng/tube (-enzymatic activation step)	MUREAV 445,81,1999
sister chromatid exchange	ovary/hamster	100 mg/L	EMMUEG 10(Suppl 10),1,1987

Reproductive Effects Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
oral/mouse	3600 mg/kg (6-17D pregnant)	Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)	ARZNAD 17,97,1967

Tumorigenic Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
oral/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 144 gm/kg/2Y- intermittent	Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Bronchogenic carcinoma	NTPTR* NTP-TR-422,1993
oral/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 25750 mg/kg/103W- intermittent	Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors Gastrointestinal: Tumors	NTIS** PB94-215761
oral/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 103000 mg/kg/103W- intermittent	Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors	NTIS** PB94-215761
oral/rat	toxic dose: 200 gm/kg/2Y- continuous	Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors	TXCYAC 1,93,1973
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 12875 mg/kg/103W- intermittent	Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Kidney tumors	NTIS** PB94-215761
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 18025 mg/kg/2Y- intermittent	Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Kidney tumors	NTPTR* NTP-TR-422,1993

Acute Toxicity Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
In Vitro/Hamster, lung fibroblast	Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): >3 mmol/L/24H	In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.	TIVIEQ 6,21,1992
In Vitro/Rat, liver	Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 102 µmol/L/24H	In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc.	TIVIEQ 6,21,1992
In Vitro/Rat, lung	Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 5.68 mmol/L/24H	In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell counting	TIVIEQ 18,79,2004
intraduodenal/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 100 mg/kg	Gastrointestinal: Alteration in gastric secretion	PYTOEY 12,72,2005
intraperitoneal/mouse	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 220 mg/kg	Behavioral: Analgesia Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase	ARZNAD 15,897,1965
intravenous/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 400 mg/kg	Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation	BCPCA6 67,2141,2004
oral/guinea pig	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 202 mg/kg	Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) Liver: Other changes	FCTXAV 2,327,1964
oral/man	lowest published toxic dose: 87 mg/kg/17W- intermittent	Liver: Liver function tests impaired	HUTODJ 8,501,1989
oral/mouse	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 196 mg/kg		YKKZAJ 83,1124,1963
oral/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 100 mg/kg	Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)	FCTOD7 837,39,2001
oral/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 200 mg/kg	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal	TOXID9 60,210,2001
oral/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 200 mg/kg	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins	FCTOD7 48,1612,2010
oral/mouse	lowest published lethal dose: 200 mg/kg	Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity)	FCTOD7 39,837,2001
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 50 mg/kg	Liver: Other changes	TXAPA9 247,211,2010
oral/rat	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 293 mg/kg		FCTXAV 12,385,1974
oral/woman	lowest published toxic dose: 30 mg/kg/30D- intermittent	Liver: Liver function tests impaired	HUTODJ 8,501,1989
subcutaneous/mouse	lethal dose (50 percent kill): 242 mg/kg		YKKZAJ 83,1124,1963

Other Multiple Dose Data and References

Route/Organism	Dose	Effect	Reference
oral/Dog	lowest published toxic dose: 1900 mg/kg/19D- intermittent	Liver: Jaundice, other or unclassified Blood: Hemorrhage Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field	JPETAB 118,348,1956
oral/hamster	lowest published toxic dose: 109 gm/kg/13W- continuous	Liver: Changes in liver weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain	FAATDF 34,105,1996
oral/hamster	lowest published toxic dose: 7728 mg/kg/12W- continuous	Liver: Other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain	FCTOD7 40,809,2002
oral/hamster	lowest published toxic dose: 74382 mg/kg/42W- continuous	Liver: Changes in liver weight	FCTOD7 40,809,2002
oral/hamster	lowest published toxic dose: 21252 mg/kg/12W- continuous	Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases	FCTOD7 40,809,2002
oral/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 1800 mg/kg/9D- intermittent	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Structural or functional change in trachea or bronchi Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases	TOXID9 60,210,2001
oral/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 300 mg/kg/3D- intermittent	Liver: Changes in liver weight Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases	TXAPA9 232,337,2008
oral/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 1800 mg/kg/11D- intermittent	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins	FCTOD7 48,1612,2010
oral/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 1800 mg/kg/11D- intermittent	Behavioral: Tolerance Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Peptidases	FCTOD7 48,1612,2010
oral/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 1800 mg/kg/11D- intermittent	Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Peptidases	FCTOD7 48,1612,2010
oral/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 3600 mg/kg/16D- intermittent	Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field	NTPTR* NTP-TR-422,1993
oral/mouse	lowest published toxic dose: 9750 mg/kg/13W- intermittent	Liver: Changes in liver weight Blood: Normocytic anemia	NTPTR* NTP-TR-422,1993
oral/pig	lowest published toxic dose: 4305 mg/kg/3W- continuous	Gastrointestinal: Other changes Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases	TOXIA6 50,339,2007
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 25 mg/kg/4D- intermittent	Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation	BPBLEO 31,1343,2008
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 150 mg/kg/15D- intermittent	Liver: Other changes Endocrine: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects	CEXPB9 34,1217,2007
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 150 mg/kg/15D- intermittent	Liver: Other changes Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hypofunction Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects	CEXPB9 34,1217,2007
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 9492 mg/kg/12W- continuous	Liver: Changes in liver weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.)	FCTOD7 40,809,2002
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 25032 mg/kg/12W- continuous	Liver: Other changes	FCTOD7 40,809,2002
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 1400 mg/kg/7D- intermittent	Liver: Changes in liver weight Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Phosphatases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Dehydrogenases	FCTXAV 3,457,1965
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 4800 mg/kg/16D- intermittent	Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field	NTPTR* NTP-TR-422,1993
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 9750 mg/kg/13W- intermittent	Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Blood: Changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases	NTPTR* NTP-TR-422,1993
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 88 gm/kg/42W- continuous	Liver: Other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases	HETOEA 9,323,1990
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 27300 mg/kg/39W- continuous	Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Liver: Liver function tests impaired Blood: Changes in platelet count	NTIS** OTS0555582
oral/rat	lowest published toxic dose: 35 mg/kg/5W- continuous	Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Catalases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases	FCTOD7 50,135,2012

Reviews

Organization	Standard	Reference
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)	Cancer Review:Animal Limited Evidence	IMEMDT 77,564,2000
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)	Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence	IMEMDT 77,564,2000
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)	Cancer Review:Human No Adequate Data	IMEMDT 77,564,2000
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)	Cancer Review:Group 3	IMEMDT 77,564,2000
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		PMDCAY 10,85,1974
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 47,161,1978
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		FCTXAV 17,277,1979
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 543,201,2003
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 567,347,2004
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		EMMUEG 39,69,2002
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		FCTOD7 44,462,2006
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		ENTOX* -,674,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 584,1,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		TOPADD 33,63,2005
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 654,114,2008
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUTAEX 23,271,2008
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 705,184,2010
TOXICOLOGY REVIEW		MUREAV 721,27,2011

NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance

Organization	Standard	Reference
National Occupational Exposure Survey 1983	Hazard Code 20340; Number of Industries 113; Total Number of Facilities 16304; Number of Occupations 99; Total Number of Employees Exposed 239705; Total Number of Female Employees Exposed 110313
National Occupational Hazard Survey 1974	Hazard Code 20340; Number of Industries 14; Total Number of Facilities 379; Number of Occupations 39; Total Number of Employees Exposed 31272

Status in Federal Agencies

Organization	Reference
EPA TSCA Section 8(b) CHEMICAL INVENTORY
EPA TSCA Section 8(d) unpublished health/safety studies
EPA TSCA TEST SUBMISSION (TSCATS) DATA BASE, JANUARY 2001
NCI Carcinogenesis Studies (gavage);clear evidence:mouse
NCI Carcinogenesis Studies (gavage);equivocal evidence:rat
NTP Carcinogenesis studies (gavage);some evidence:rat NTPTR* NTP-TR-422,1993

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Page last reviewed:March 7, 2014
Page last updated:February 6, 2017
Content source:
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Education and Information Division

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