Coumarin
RTECS #
GN4200000
CAS #
Updated
March 2019
Molecular Weight
146.15
Molecular Formula
C9H6O2
Synonyms
1,2-Benzopyrone
2H-1-Benzopyran, 2-oxo-
2H-1-Benzopyran-2-one
2-Oxo-1,2-benzopyran
2-Propenoic acid, 3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-delta-lactone
Benzo-alpha-pyrone
Cinnamic acid, o-hydroxy-, delta-lactone
cis-o-Coumarinic acid lactone
Coumarinic anhydride
Cumarin
Kumarin (Czech)
NCI C07103
o-Hydroxycinnamic acid lactone
o-Hydroxycinnamic lactone
o-Hydroxyzimtsaure-lacton (German)
Rattex
Tonka bean camphor
2H-1-Benzopyran, 2-oxo-
2H-1-Benzopyran-2-one
2-Oxo-1,2-benzopyran
2-Propenoic acid, 3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-delta-lactone
Benzo-alpha-pyrone
Cinnamic acid, o-hydroxy-, delta-lactone
cis-o-Coumarinic acid lactone
Coumarinic anhydride
Cumarin
Kumarin (Czech)
NCI C07103
o-Hydroxycinnamic acid lactone
o-Hydroxycinnamic lactone
o-Hydroxyzimtsaure-lacton (German)
Rattex
Tonka bean camphor
Skin and Eye Irritation and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| skin /human | 5%/2D | CODEDG 61,217,2009 | |
| skin /man | 5% | CODEDG 60,347,2009 |
Mutation Data and Reference
| System Test | Route/Organism/Tissue | Dose | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cytogenetic Analysis | ovary/hamster | 1600 mg/L | EMMUEG 10(Suppl 10),1,1987 |
| DNA Damage | lymphocyte/mammal (species unspecified) | 20 mmol/L | PNASA6 48,686,1962 |
| morphological transform | fibroblast/mouse | 1 mg/L/21D (-enzymatic activation step) | EMMUEG 37,231,2001 |
| mutation in microorganisms | /Salmonella typhimurium | 50 mg/L/2H (+enzymatic activation step) | MUREAV 578,210,2005 |
| mutation in microorganisms | /Salmonella typhimurium | 1 mg/plate (-enzymatic activation step) | ENMUDM 5(Suppl 1),3,1983 |
| other mutation test systems | /Escherichia coli | 62500 ng/tube (-enzymatic activation step) | MUREAV 445,81,1999 |
| sister chromatid exchange | ovary/hamster | 100 mg/L | EMMUEG 10(Suppl 10),1,1987 |
Reproductive Effects Data and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| oral/mouse | 3600 mg/kg (6-17D pregnant) | Reproductive: Effects on embryo or fetus: Fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) | ARZNAD 17,97,1967 |
Tumorigenic Data and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 144 gm/kg/2Y- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Bronchogenic carcinoma | NTPTR* NTP-TR-422,1993 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 25750 mg/kg/103W- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors Gastrointestinal: Tumors | NTIS** PB94-215761 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 103000 mg/kg/103W- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Tumors | NTIS** PB94-215761 |
| oral/rat | toxic dose: 200 gm/kg/2Y- continuous | Tumorigenic: Equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Liver: Tumors | TXCYAC 1,93,1973 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 12875 mg/kg/103W- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Kidney tumors | NTIS** PB94-215761 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 18025 mg/kg/2Y- intermittent | Tumorigenic: Neoplastic by RTECS criteria Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder: Kidney tumors | NTPTR* NTP-TR-422,1993 |
Acute Toxicity Data and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| In Vitro/Hamster, lung fibroblast | Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): >3 mmol/L/24H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc. | TIVIEQ 6,21,1992 |
| In Vitro/Human, fibroblast | Inhibitor Concentration Low: 0.16 mmol/L/24H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc. | TOLED5 226,173,2014 |
| In Vitro/Human, liver | Inhibitor Concentration Low: 8 mmol/L/10H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell Viability (cell death), unspecified assay | TOLED5 235,96,2015 |
| In Vitro/Human, liver | Inhibitor Concentration Low: 1 mmol/L/300H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell Viability (cell death), unspecified assay | TOLED5 235,96,2015 |
| In Vitro/Human, liver | Inhibitor Concentration Low: 2 mmol/L/100H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell Viability (cell death), unspecified assay | TOLED5 235,96,2015 |
| In Vitro/Human, liver | Inhibitor Concentration Low: 4 mmol/L/30H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell Viability (cell death), unspecified assay | TOLED5 235,96,2015 |
| In Vitro/Human, lymphocyte | Inhibitor Concentration (30 percent kill): >200 mg/L/45H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (dye exclusion): trypan blue assay etc. | TIVIEQ 29,901,2015 |
| In Vitro/Human, lymphocyte | Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 104 mg/L/45H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Other assays | TIVIEQ 29,901,2015 |
| In Vitro/Rat, liver | Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 102 µmol/L/24H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell viability (mitochondrial reductase assays): MTT, XTT, MTS, WSTs assays etc. | TIVIEQ 6,21,1992 |
| In Vitro/Rat, lung | Inhibitor Concentration (50 percent kill): 5.68 mmol/L/24H | In Vitro Toxicity Studies: Cell counting | TIVIEQ 18,79,2004 |
| intraduodenal/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 100 mg/kg | Gastrointestinal: Alteration in gastric secretion | PYTOEY 12,72,2005 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 220 mg/kg | Behavioral: Analgesia Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: True cholinesterase | ARZNAD 15,897,1965 |
| intraperitoneal/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 5 mg/kg | Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation | JOETD7 194,337,2016 |
| intravenous/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 400 mg/kg | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation | BCPCA6 67,2141,2004 |
| oral/guinea pig | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 202 mg/kg | Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) Liver: Other changes | FCTXAV 2,327,1964 |
| oral/man | lowest published toxic dose: 87 mg/kg/17W- intermittent | Liver: Liver function tests impaired | HUTODJ 8,501,1989 |
| oral/mouse | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 196 mg/kg | YKKZAJ 83,1124,1963 | |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 100 mg/kg | Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) | FCTOD7 837,39,2001 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 200 mg/kg | Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal | TOXID9 60,210,2001 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 200 mg/kg | Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins | FCTOD7 48,1612,2010 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published lethal dose: 200 mg/kg | Behavioral: Somnolence (general depressed activity) | FCTOD7 39,837,2001 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 50 mg/kg | Liver: Other changes | TXAPA9 247,211,2010 |
| oral/rat | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 293 mg/kg | FCTXAV 12,385,1974 | |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 300 mg/kg | Liver: Changes in liver weight Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Liver: Liver function tests impaired | FCTOD7 90,1,2016 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 200 mg/kg | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Liver: Liver function tests impaired Liver: Changes in liver weight | TOLED5 280,99,2017 |
| oral/woman | lowest published toxic dose: 30 mg/kg/30D- intermittent | Liver: Liver function tests impaired | HUTODJ 8,501,1989 |
| subcutaneous/mouse | lethal dose (50 percent kill): 242 mg/kg | YKKZAJ 83,1124,1963 |
Other Multiple Dose Data and References
| Route/Organism | Dose | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| oral/Dog | lowest published toxic dose: 1900 mg/kg/19D- intermittent | Liver: Jaundice, other or unclassified Blood: Hemorrhage Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | JPETAB 118,348,1956 |
| oral/hamster | lowest published toxic dose: 109 gm/kg/13W- continuous | Liver: Changes in liver weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | FAATDF 34,105,1996 |
| oral/hamster | lowest published toxic dose: 7728 mg/kg/12W- continuous | Liver: Other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | FCTOD7 40,809,2002 |
| oral/hamster | lowest published toxic dose: 74382 mg/kg/42W- continuous | Liver: Changes in liver weight | FCTOD7 40,809,2002 |
| oral/hamster | lowest published toxic dose: 21252 mg/kg/12W- continuous | Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases | FCTOD7 40,809,2002 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 1800 mg/kg/9D- intermittent | Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Structural or functional change in trachea or bronchi Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases | TOXID9 60,210,2001 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 300 mg/kg/3D- intermittent | Liver: Changes in liver weight Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases | TXAPA9 232,337,2008 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 1800 mg/kg/11D- intermittent | Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Other proteins | FCTOD7 48,1612,2010 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 1800 mg/kg/11D- intermittent | Behavioral: Tolerance Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Peptidases | FCTOD7 48,1612,2010 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 1800 mg/kg/11D- intermittent | Lung, Thorax, or Respiration: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Peptidases | FCTOD7 48,1612,2010 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 3600 mg/kg/16D- intermittent | Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | NTPTR* NTP-TR-422,1993 |
| oral/mouse | lowest published toxic dose: 9750 mg/kg/13W- intermittent | Liver: Changes in liver weight Blood: Normocytic anemia | NTPTR* NTP-TR-422,1993 |
| oral/pig | lowest published toxic dose: 4305 mg/kg/3W- continuous | Gastrointestinal: Other changes Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases | TOXIA6 50,339,2007 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 25 mg/kg/4D- intermittent | Biochemical: Metabolism (intermediary): Effect on inflammation or mediation of inflammation | BPBLEO 31,1343,2008 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 150 mg/kg/15D- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Endocrine: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects | CEXPB9 34,1217,2007 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 150 mg/kg/15D- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Endocrine: Evidence of thyroid hypofunction Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Multiple enzyme effects | CEXPB9 34,1217,2007 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 9492 mg/kg/12W- continuous | Liver: Changes in liver weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Hepatic microsomal mixed oxidase (dealkylation, hydroxylation, etc.) | FCTOD7 40,809,2002 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 25032 mg/kg/12W- continuous | Liver: Other changes | FCTOD7 40,809,2002 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1400 mg/kg/7D- intermittent | Liver: Changes in liver weight Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Phosphatases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Dehydrogenases | FCTXAV 3,457,1965 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 4800 mg/kg/16D- intermittent | Related to Chronic Data: Death in the "MULTIPLE DOSE" data type field | NTPTR* NTP-TR-422,1993 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 9750 mg/kg/13W- intermittent | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Blood: Changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Transaminases | NTPTR* NTP-TR-422,1993 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 88 gm/kg/42W- continuous | Liver: Other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other transferases | HETOEA 9,323,1990 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 27300 mg/kg/39W- continuous | Liver: Hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), diffuse Liver: Liver function tests impaired Blood: Changes in platelet count | NTIS** OTS0555582 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 35 mg/kg/5W- continuous | Liver: Other changes Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Catalases Biochemical: Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels: Other oxidoreductases | FCTOD7 50,135,2012 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 1200 mg/kg/4D- intermittent | Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain Liver: Changes in liver weight Liver: Liver function tests impaired | FCTOD7 90,1,2016 |
| oral/rat | lowest published toxic dose: 5600 mg/kg/28D- intermittent | Liver: Other changes Liver: Changes in liver weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic: Weight loss or decreased weight gain | TOLED5 280,99,2017 |
Reviews
| Organization | Standard | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Animal Limited Evidence | IMEMDT 77,564,2000 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence | IMEMDT 77,564,2000 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Human No Adequate Data | IMEMDT 77,564,2000 |
| International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) | Cancer Review:Group 3 | IMEMDT 77,564,2000 |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | PMDCAY 10,85,1974 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 47,161,1978 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | FCTXAV 17,277,1979 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 543,201,2003 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 567,347,2004 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | EMMUEG 39,69,2002 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | FCTOD7 44,462,2006 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | ENTOX* -,674,2005 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 584,1,2005 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | TOPADD 33,63,2005 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 654,114,2008 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUTAEX 23,271,2008 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 705,184,2010 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 721,27,2011 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | EMMUEG 54,468,2013 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 769,34,2014 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | EMMUEG 44,372,2004 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 802,1,2016 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | FCTOD7 92,150,2016 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | JOETD7 185,182,2016 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | MUREAV 774,46,2017 | |
| TOXICOLOGY REVIEW | RTOPDW 55,205,2009 |
NIOSH Documentation and Surveillance
Status in Federal Agencies
Page last reviewed: November 16, 2018
Content
source: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health